1
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Breton-Patient C, Billotte S, Duchambon P, Fontaine G, Bombard S, Piguel S. Light-Activatable Photocaged UNC2025 for Triggering TAM Kinase Inhibition in Bladder Cancer. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300855. [PMID: 38363151 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology is an emerging field that utilizes photo-responsive molecules to enable control over the activity of a drug using light. The aim is to limit the therapeutic action of a drug at the level of diseased tissues and organs. Considering the well-known implications of protein kinases in cancer and the therapeutic issues associated with protein kinase inhibitors, the photopharmacology is seen as an innovative and alternative solution with great potential in oncology. In this context, we developed the first photocaged TAM kinase inhibitors based on UNC2025, a first-in-class small molecule kinase inhibitor. These prodrugs showed good stability in biologically relevant buffer and rapid photorelease of the photoremovable protecting group upon UV-light irradiation (<10 min.). These light-activatable prodrugs led to a 16-fold decrease to a complete loss of kinase inhibition, depending on the protein and the position at which the coumarin-type phototrigger was introduced. The most promising candidate was the N,O-dicaged compound, showing the superiority of having two photolabile protecting groups on UNC2025 for being entirely inactive on TAM kinases. Under UV-light irradiation, the N,O-dicaged compound recovered its inhibitory potency in enzymatic assays and displayed excellent antiproliferative activity in RT112 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Breton-Patient
- Institut Curie, Université PSL CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Sébastien Billotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie CNRS UMR 8076, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Patricia Duchambon
- Institut Curie, Université PSL CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Gaëlle Fontaine
- Institut Curie, Université PSL CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Sophie Bombard
- Institut Curie, Université PSL CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U119, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Piguel
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie CNRS UMR 8076, 91400, Orsay, France
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2
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Aguirre T, Teichmann E, Römpp FQ, Vivier R, Bryant C, Hulverson MA, Van Voorhis WC, Ojo KK, Doggett JS, Fiedler D, Hecht S. Photoswitchable Inhibitors to Optically Control Specific Kinase Activity. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1378-1387. [PMID: 37167414 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors are valuable tools to elucidate the functions of protein kinases within complex signaling networks. Incorporation of a photoswitchable moiety into the inhibitor scaffold offers the opportunity to steer inhibitor potency with temporal precision, while the challenge of selective inhibition can often be addressed by employing a chemical genetic approach, termed the analog-sensitive method. Here, we combine the perks of these two approaches and report photoswitchable azopyrazoles to target calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (CDPK1) from Toxoplasma gondii, a kinase naturally susceptible to analog-sensitive kinase inhibitors due to its glycine gatekeeper residue. The most promising azopyrazoles display favorable photochemical properties, thermal stability, and a substantial difference in IC50 values between both photostationary states. Consequently, the CDPK1 kinase reaction can be controlled dynamically and reversibly by applying light of different wavelengths. Inhibition of CDPK1 by the azopyrazoles drastically relies on the nature of the gatekeeper residue as a successive increase in gatekeeper size causes a concurrent loss of inhibitory activity. Furthermore, two photoswitchable inhibitors exhibit activity against T. gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum infection in a cell culture model, making them a promising addition to the toolbox for dissecting the role of CDPK1 in the infectious cycle with high temporal control. Overall, this work merges the benefits of the analog-sensitive approach and photopharmacology without compromising inhibitory potency and thus holds great promise for application to other protein kinases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ellen Teichmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Q Römpp
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruthey Vivier
- VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
- School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
| | - Cole Bryant
- VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
- School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
| | - Matthew A Hulverson
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, P.O. Box 358061, Seattle, 98109 Washington, United States
| | - Wesley C Van Voorhis
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, P.O. Box 358061, Seattle, 98109 Washington, United States
| | - Kayode K Ojo
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, P.O. Box 358061, Seattle, 98109 Washington, United States
| | - J Stone Doggett
- VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
- School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon, United States
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Orvoš J, Pančík F, Fischer R. Facile One‐Step Oxidation of
N
‐Boc‐Protected Diarylhydrazines to Diaryldiazenes with (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Orvoš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Catalysis and Petrochemistry Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Filip Pančík
- Institute of Chemistry Slovak Academy of Sciences Dúbravská cesta 9 845 38 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Róbert Fischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Catalysis and Petrochemistry Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
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4
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Padmavathi R, Babu SA. Pd(II)-catalyzed selective β-C-H functionalization of azobenzene carboxamides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2689-2694. [PMID: 36691730 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02261c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report a Pd(II)-catalyzed bidentate directing group 8-aminoquinoline-aided, site-selective β-C-H functionalization protocol for assembling modified azobenzene carboxamides. Considering the importance of azobenzenes in chemical sciences, this paper reports a new route for enriching the library of modified azobenzene motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayavarapu Padmavathi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
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5
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Zhang H, Qi Y, Zhao X, Li M, Wang R, Cheng H, Li Z, Guo H, Li Z. Dithienylethene-Bridged Fluoroquinolone Derivatives for Imaging-Guided Reversible Control of Antibacterial Activity. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7446-7455. [PMID: 35608344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of photopharmacology has offered a promising alternative to guard against the bacterial resistance by effectively avoiding antibiotic accumulation in the body or environment. However, the degradation, toxicity, and thermal reversibility have always been an ongoing concern for potential applications of azobenzene-based photopharmacology. Developing novel photopharmacological agents based on a more matched switch is highly in demand and remains a major challenge. Herein, two novel dithienylethene-bridged dual-fluoroquinolone derivatives have been developed by introducing two fluoroquinolone drugs into both ends of the dithienylethene (DTE) switch, in which the fluoroquinolone acts as a fluorophore except for the pharmacodynamic component. For comparison, two monofluoroquinolone-DTE hybrids were also prepared by a similar strategy. As expected, these resultant DTE-based antibacterial agents displayed efficient photochromism and fluorescence switching behavior in dimethyl sulfoxide. Moreover, improved antibacterial activities compared to those of monofluoroquinolone derivatives and a maximum fourfold active difference against Escherichia coli (E. coli) for open and closed isomers and photoswitchable bacterial imaging for Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were observed. The molecular docking to DNA gyrase gave a rationale for the discrepancies in antibacterial activity for both isomers. Therefore, these fluoroquinolone derivatives can act as interesting imaging-guided photopharmacological agents for further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Zhang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yueheng Qi
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xinru Zhao
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Manman Li
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ruyue Wang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Huiping Cheng
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Hui Guo
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ziyong Li
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
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6
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Schulte AM, Kolarski D, Sundaram V, Srivastava A, Tama F, Feringa BL, Szymanski W. Light-Control over Casein Kinase 1δ Activity with Photopharmacology: A Clear Case for Arylazopyrazole-Based Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105326. [PMID: 35628143 PMCID: PMC9140716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases are responsible for healthy cellular processes and signalling pathways, and their dysfunction is the basis of many pathologies. There are numerous small molecule inhibitors of protein kinases that systemically regulate dysfunctional signalling processes. However, attaining selectivity in kinase inhibition within the complex human kinome is still a challenge that inspires unconventional approaches. One of those approaches is photopharmacology, which uses light-controlled bioactive molecules to selectively activate drugs only at the intended space and time, thereby avoiding side effects outside of the irradiated area. Still, in the context of kinase inhibition, photopharmacology has thus far been rather unsuccessful in providing light-controlled drugs. Here, we present the discovery and optimisation of a photoswitchable inhibitor of casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ), important for the control of cell differentiation, circadian rhythm, DNA repair, apoptosis, and numerous other signalling processes. Varying the position at which the light-responsive azobenzene moiety has been introduced into a known CK1δ inhibitor, LH846, revealed the preferred regioisomer for efficient photo-modulation of inhibitory activity, but the photoswitchable inhibitor suffered from sub-optimal (photo)chemical properties. Replacement of the bis-phenyl azobenzene group with the arylazopyrazole moiety yielded a superior photoswitch with very high photostationary state distributions, increased solubility and a 10-fold difference in activity between irradiated and thermally adapted samples. The reasons behind those findings are explored with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Results described here show how the evaluation of privileged molecular architecture, followed by the optimisation of the photoswitchable unit, is a valuable strategy for the challenging design of the photoswitchable kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M. Schulte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Dušan Kolarski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Vidya Sundaram
- Discipline of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382355, India; (V.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Ashutosh Srivastava
- Discipline of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382355, India; (V.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Florence Tama
- Institute of Transformative BioMolecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Computational Structural Biology Unit, RIKEN-Center for Computational Science, Chuo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.F.); (W.S.)
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.S.); (D.K.)
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (B.L.F.); (W.S.)
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7
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Laczi D, Johnstone MD, Fleming CL. Photoresponsive Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Remote Control of Enzyme Activity. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200200. [PMID: 35446477 PMCID: PMC9322446 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of new and effective therapeutics is reliant on the ability to study the underlying mechanisms of potential drug targets in live cells and multicellular systems. A persistent challenge in many drug development programmes is poor selectivity, which can obscure the mechanisms involved and lead to poorly understood modes of action. In efforts to improve our understanding of these complex processes, small molecule inhibitors have been developed in which their OFF/ON therapeutic activity can be toggled using light. Photopharmacology is devoted to using light to modulate drugs. Herein, we highlight the recent progress made towards the development of light‐responsive small molecule inhibitors of selected enzymatic targets. Given the size of this field, literature from 2015 onwards has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Laczi
- Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mark D Johnstone
- Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Cassandra L Fleming
- Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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8
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Donaire-Arias A, Montagut AM, Puig de la Bellacasa R, Estrada-Tejedor R, Teixidó J, Borrell JI. 1 H-Pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridines: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:2237. [PMID: 35408636 PMCID: PMC9000541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines are a group of heterocyclic compounds presenting two possible tautomeric forms: the 1H- and 2H-isomers. More than 300,000 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines have been described which are included in more than 5500 references (2400 patents) up to date. This review will cover the analysis of the diversity of the substituents present at positions N1, C3, C4, C5, and C6, the synthetic methods used for their synthesis, starting from both a preformed pyrazole or pyridine, and the biomedical applications of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - José I. Borrell
- Grup de Química Farmacèutica, IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.-A.); (A.M.M.); (R.P.d.l.B.); (R.E.-T.); (J.T.)
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9
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Kobauri P, Galenkamp NS, Schulte AM, de Vries J, Simeth NA, Maglia G, Thallmair S, Kolarski D, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Hypothesis-Driven, Structure-Based Design in Photopharmacology: The Case of eDHFR Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4798-4817. [PMID: 35258959 PMCID: PMC8958501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Photopharmacology
uses light to regulate the biological activity
of drugs. This precise control is obtained through the incorporation
of molecular photoswitches into bioactive molecules. A major challenge
for photopharmacology is the rational design of photoswitchable drugs
that show light-induced activation. Computer-aided drug design is
an attractive approach toward more effective, targeted design. Herein,
we critically evaluated different structure-based approaches for photopharmacology
with Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (eDHFR)
as a case study. Through the iterative examination of our hypotheses,
we progressively tuned the design of azobenzene-based, photoswitchable
eDHFR inhibitors in five design–make–switch–test–analyze
cycles. Targeting a hydrophobic subpocket of the enzyme and a specific
salt bridge only with the thermally metastable cis-isomer emerged as the most promising design strategy. We identified
three inhibitors that could be activated upon irradiation and reached
potencies in the low-nanomolar range. Above all, this systematic study
provided valuable insights for future endeavors toward rational photopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piermichele Kobauri
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole S Galenkamp
- Groningen Biomolecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M Schulte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jisk de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Maglia
- Groningen Biomolecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Ruth-Moufang-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dušan Kolarski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,DWI-Leibniz Institut für interaktive Materialien e.V., RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Xu Y, Gao C, Andreasson M, Håversen L, Carrasco M, Fleming C, Lundbäck T, Andréasson J, Grøtli M. Design and development of photoswitchable DFG-Out RET kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 234:114226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Impastato AC, Shemet A, Vepřek NA, Saper G, Rao L, Hess H, Gennerich A, Trauner D. Optical Control of Mitosis with a Photoswitchable Eg5 Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115846. [PMID: 34958711 PMCID: PMC9533678 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Eg5 is a kinesin motor protein that is responsible for bipolar spindle formation and plays a crucial role during mitosis. Loss of Eg5 function leads to the formation of monopolar spindles, followed by mitotic arrest, and subsequent cell death. Several cell-permeable small molecules have been reported to inhibit Eg5 and some have been evaluated as anticancer agents. We now describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of photoswitchable variants with five different pharmacophores. Our lead compound Azo-EMD is a cell permeable azobenzene that inhibits Eg5 more potently in its light-induced cis form. This activity decreased the velocity of Eg5 in single-molecule assays, promoted formation of monopolar spindles, and led to mitotic arrest in a light dependent way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrej Shemet
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003, USA
| | - Nynke A. Vepřek
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003, USA,Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gadiel Saper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10025, USA
| | - Lu Rao
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Henry Hess
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10025, USA
| | - Arne Gennerich
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003, USA
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12
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Impastato AC, Shemet A, Vepřek NA, Saper G, Hess H, Rao L, Gennerich A, Trauner D. Optical Control of Mitosis with a Photoswitchable Eg5 Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrej Shemet
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York 10003 USA
| | - Nynke A. Vepřek
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York 10003 USA
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Gadiel Saper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York 10025 USA
| | - Henry Hess
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York 10025 USA
| | - Lu Rao
- Department of Biochemistry Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York 10461 USA
| | - Arne Gennerich
- Department of Biochemistry Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York 10461 USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York 10003 USA
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13
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Matsuo K, Thayyil S, Kawaguchi M, Nakagawa H, Tamaoki N. A visible light-controllable Rho kinase inhibitor based on a photochromic phenylazothiazole. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12500-12503. [PMID: 34751279 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04905d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) is a serine-threonine kinase whose inhibitors are useful for the regulation of the actomyosin system. Here, we developed a photoswitchable ROCK inhibitor based on a phenylazothiazole scaffold. The reversible trans-cis isomerization by visible light stimuli enabled us to manipulate ROCK activities in vitro and in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Sampreeth Thayyil
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyasu Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1, Tanabedori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1, Tanabedori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan.
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14
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Xu Y, Gao C, Håversen L, Lundbäck T, Andréasson J, Grøtli M. Design and development of a photoswitchable DFG-out kinase inhibitor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10043-10046. [PMID: 34505602 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04125h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterisation of a photoswitchable DFG-out kinase inhibitor. Photocontrol of the target kinase in both enzymatic and living cell assays is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Chunxia Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Liliana Håversen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Lundbäck
- Mechanistic & Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, SE-48183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Morten Grøtli
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Reynders M, Chaikuad A, Berger B, Bauer K, Koch P, Laufer S, Knapp S, Trauner D. Controlling the Covalent Reactivity of a Kinase Inhibitor with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reynders
- Department of Chemistry, Silver Center for Arts and Science New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich Butenandtstr.5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Benedict‐Tilman Berger
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Katharina Bauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/ Medicinal Chemistry Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tübingen Germany
- Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery Germany
| | - Pierre Koch
- Department of Pharmaceutical/ Medicinal Chemistry Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tübingen Germany
- Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry II Institute of Pharmacy University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/ Medicinal Chemistry Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tübingen Germany
- Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Cancer Network (DKTK) Frankfurt/Mainz site 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, Silver Center for Arts and Science New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
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16
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Reynders M, Chaikuad A, Berger BT, Bauer K, Koch P, Laufer S, Knapp S, Trauner D. Controlling the Covalent Reactivity of a Kinase Inhibitor with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20178-20183. [PMID: 34081840 PMCID: PMC9940781 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covalent kinase inhibitors account for some of the most successful drugs that have recently entered the clinic and many others are in preclinical development. A common strategy is to target cysteines in the vicinity of the ATP binding site using an acrylamide electrophile. To increase the tissue selectivity of kinase inhibitors, it could be advantageous to control the reactivity of these electrophiles with light. Here, we introduce covalent inhibitors of the kinase JNK3 that function as photoswitchable affinity labels (PALs). Our lead compounds contain a diazocine photoswitch, are poor non-covalent inhibitors in the dark, and become effective covalent inhibitors after irradiation with visible light. Our proposed mode of action is supported by X-ray structures that explain why these compounds are unreactive in the dark and undergo proximity-based covalent attachment following exposure to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reynders
- Department of Chemistry, Silver Center for Arts and Science, New York University 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003 (USA),Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich Butenandtstr.5–13, 81377 Munich (Germany)
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
| | - Katharina Bauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical / Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen (Germany) and Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery
| | - Pierre Koch
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany),Department of Pharmaceutical / Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen (Germany) and Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical / Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen (Germany) and Tuebingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and Structural Genomics Consortium Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany),German Cancer Network (DKTK), Frankfurt/Mainz site 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, Silver Center for Arts and Science, New York University 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003 (USA)
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17
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Photopharmacological Applications for Cherenkov Radiation Generated by Clinically Used Radionuclides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169010. [PMID: 34445716 PMCID: PMC8396513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational photopharmacological applications are limited through irradiation by light showing wavelengths within the bio-optical window. To achieve sufficient tissue penetration, using wavelengths >500 nm is mandatory. Nevertheless, the majority of photopharmacological compounds respond to irradiation with more energetic UV light, which shows only a minor depth of tissue penetration in the µm range. Thus, we became interested in UV light containing Cherenkov radiation (CR) induced as a by-product by clinically employed radionuclides labeling specific tissues. Therefore, CR may be applicable in novel photopharmacological approaches. To provide evidence for the hypothesis, we verified the clinically established radionuclides 68Ga and 90Y but not 18F in clinically used activities to be capable of generating CR in aqueous solutions. We then investigated whether the generated CR was able to photoactivate the caged kinase inhibitor cagedAZD5438 as a photoresponsive model system. Herein, 21% uncaging of the model system cagedAZD5438 occurred by incubation with 90Y, along with a non-specific compound decomposition for 68Ga and partly for 90Y. The findings suggest that the combination of a clinically employed radionuclide with an optimized photoresponsive agent could be beneficial for highly focused photopharmacological therapies.
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18
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Le Bescont J, Mouawad L, Boddaert T, Bombard S, Piguel S. Photoactivatable Small‐Molecule Inhibitors for Light‐Controlled TAM Kinase Activity. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Le Bescont
- Institut Curie Université PSL CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
| | - Liliane Mouawad
- Institut Curie Université PSL CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
| | - Thomas Boddaert
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR 8182 ICMMO CP3A Organic Synthesis Group 91405 Orsay France
| | - Sophie Bombard
- Institut Curie Université PSL CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
| | - Sandrine Piguel
- Institut Curie Université PSL CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS UMR 9187 INSERM U1196 Chimie et Modélisation pour la Biologie du Cancer 91405 Orsay France
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19
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Targeted Cancer Therapy Using Compounds Activated by Light. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133237. [PMID: 34209493 PMCID: PMC8269035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is affected by a modest selectivity and toxic side effects of pharmacological interventions. Among novel approaches to overcome this limitation and to bring to therapy more potent and selective agents is the use of light for selective activation of anticancer compounds. In this review, we focus on the anticancer applications of two light-activated approaches still in the experimental phase: photoremovable protecting groups ("photocages") and photoswitches. We describe the structural considerations behind the development of novel compounds and the plethora of assays used to confirm whether the photochemical and pharmacological properties are meeting the stringent criteria for an efficient in vivo light-dependent activation. Despite its immense potential, light activation brings many challenges, and the complexity of the task is very demanding. Currently, we are still deeply in the phase of pharmacological tools, but the vivid research and rapid development bring the light of hope for potential clinical use.
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20
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Schultzke S, Walther M, Staubitz A. Active Ester Functionalized Azobenzenes as Versatile Building Blocks. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133916. [PMID: 34206950 PMCID: PMC8272017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Azobenzenes are important molecular switches that can still be difficult to functionalize selectively. A high yielding Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling method under mild conditions for the introduction of NHS esters to azobenzenes and diazocines has been established. Yields were consistently high with very few exceptions. The NHS functionalized azobenzenes react with primary amines quantitatively. These amines are ubiquitous in biological systems and in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schultzke
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Melanie Walther
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-421-218-63210
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21
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Arkhipova V, Fu H, Hoorens MWH, Trinco G, Lameijer LN, Marin E, Feringa BL, Poelarends GJ, Szymanski W, Slotboom DJ, Guskov A. Structural Aspects of Photopharmacology: Insight into the Binding of Photoswitchable and Photocaged Inhibitors to the Glutamate Transporter Homologue. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1513-1520. [PMID: 33449695 PMCID: PMC7844824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Photopharmacology addresses the challenge of drug selectivity and
side effects through creation of photoresponsive molecules activated
with light with high spatiotemporal precision. This is achieved through
incorporation of molecular photoswitches and photocages into the pharmacophore.
However, the structural basis for the light-induced modulation of
inhibitory potency in general is still missing, which poses a major
design challenge for this emerging field of research. Here we solved
crystal structures of the glutamate transporter homologue GltTk in complex with photoresponsive transport inhibitors—azobenzene
derivative of TBOA (both in trans and cis configuration) and with the photocaged compound ONB-hydroxyaspartate.
The essential role of glutamate transporters in the functioning of
the central nervous system renders them potential therapeutic targets
in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The obtained structures
provide a clear structural insight into the origins of photocontrol
in photopharmacology and lay the foundation for application of photocontrolled
ligands to study the transporter dynamics by using time-resolved X-ray
crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Arkhipova
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark W H Hoorens
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Trinco
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucien N Lameijer
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Egor Marin
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Slotboom
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Guskov
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
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22
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Kobauri P, Szymanski W, Cao F, Thallmair S, Marrink SJ, Witte MD, Dekker FJ, Feringa BL. Biaryl sulfonamides as cisoid azosteres for photopharmacology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4126-4129. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00950h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biaryl sulfonamides are excellent candidates for the azologization approach that yields photoswitchable drugs more active in their metastable cis state, compared to the stable trans state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piermichele Kobauri
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Nijenborgh 4
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Medical Imaging Center
- University of Groningen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- Hanzeplein 1
- Groningen 9713 GZ
| | - Fangyuan Cao
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- A. Deusinglaan 1
- Groningen, 9713 AV
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen 9747 AG
- The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J. Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen 9747 AG
- The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Chemical Biology II
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen 9747 AG
- The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- A. Deusinglaan 1
- Groningen, 9713 AV
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Nijenborgh 4
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
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23
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Kolarski D, Sugiyama A, Rodat T, Schulte A, Peifer C, Itami K, Hirota T, Feringa BL, Szymanski W. Reductive stability evaluation of 6-azopurine photoswitches for the regulation of CKIα activity and circadian rhythms. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2312-2321. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
6-Azopurines were evaluated for their reductive stability, and the ability to modulate CKIα activity and cellular circadian rhythms, revealing key challenges for long-term activity modulation utilizing chronophotopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Kolarski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Akiko Sugiyama
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Theo Rodat
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Albert Schulte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
- Medical Imaging Center
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24
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Photoswitchable Azo- and Diazocine-Functionalized Derivatives of the VEGFR-2 Inhibitor Axitinib. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238961. [PMID: 33255816 PMCID: PMC7734574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed at the application of the concept of photopharmacology to the approved vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 kinase inhibitor axitinib. In a previous study, we found out that the photoisomerization of axitinib’s stilbene-like double bond is unidirectional in aqueous solution due to a competing irreversible [2+2]-cycloaddition. Therefore, we next set out to azologize axitinib by means of incorporating azobenzenes as well as diazocine moieties as photoresponsive elements. Conceptually, diazocines (bridged azobenzenes) show favorable photoswitching properties compared to standard azobenzenes because the thermodynamically stable Z-isomer usually is bioinactive, and back isomerization from the bioactive E-isomer occurs thermally. Here, we report on the development of different sulfur–diazocines and carbon–diazocines attached to the axitinib pharmacophore that allow switching the VEGFR-2 activity reversibly. For the best sulfur–diazocine, we could verify in a VEGFR-2 kinase assay that the Z-isomer is biologically inactive (IC50 >> 10,000 nM), while significant VEGFR-2 inhibition can be observed after irradiation with blue light (405 nm), resulting in an IC50 value of 214 nM. In summary, we could successfully develop reversibly photoswitchable kinase inhibitors that exhibit more than 40-fold differences in biological activities upon irradiation. Moreover, we demonstrate the potential advantage of diazocine photoswitches over standard azobenzenes.
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25
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Rodat T, Krebs M, Döbber A, Jansen B, Steffen-Heins A, Schwarz K, Peifer C. Restricted suitability of BODIPY for caging in biological applications based on singlet oxygen generation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1319-1325. [PMID: 32820789 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies report the boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moiety to be interesting for caging applications in photopharmacology based on its response to irradiation with wavelengths in the biooptical window. Thus, in a model study, we investigated the meso-methyl-BODIPY caged CDK2 inhibitor AZD5438 and aimed to assess the usability of BODIPY as a photoremovable protecting group in photoresponsive kinase inhibitor applications. Photochemical analysis and biological characterisation in vitro revealed significant limitations of the BODIPY-caged inhibitor concept regarding solubility and uncaging in aqueous solution. Notably, we provide evidence for BODIPY-caged compounds generating singlet oxygen/radicals upon irradiation, followed by photodegradation of the caged compound system. Consequently, instead of caging, a non-specific induction of necrosis in cells suggests the potential usage of BODIPY derivatives for photodynamic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Rodat
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Alexander Döbber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Björn Jansen
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Anja Steffen-Heins
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht-Platz 10, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Schwarz
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht-Platz 10, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Optical control of muscular nicotinic channels with azocuroniums, photoswitchable azobenzenes bearing two N-methyl-N-carbocyclic quaternary ammonium groups. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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