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Girolametti F, Annibaldi A, Illuminati S, Damiani E, Carloni P, Ajdini B, Fanelli M, Truzzi C. Unlocking the elemental signature of European tea gardens: Implications for tea traceability. Food Chem 2024; 453:139641. [PMID: 38761733 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the elemental profiles of tea leaves coming from plants grown in several European gardens, with a focus on the bioaccumulation of essential and potentially toxic trace elements in relation to processing and location of tea garden. Samples were collected from various gardens across Europe, including Portugal, the Azores, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. Elemental analysis was conducted on fresh tea leaves, dried leaves, and leaves processed for the production of green and black tea, along with soil samples from the root zones of tea plants. The results reveal no significant differences in elemental content based on the processing of tea leaves. However, distinct elemental profiles were observed among tea leaves of plants grown in gardens from different European regions. Utilizing chemometric and machine learning tools, the study highlights the potential of these elemental profiles for enhancing the traceability of tea products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Girolametti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Annibaldi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Illuminati
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Patricia Carloni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Behixhe Ajdini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fanelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Truzzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Li CX, Talukder M, Wang ZY, Zhu SY, Xu YR, Li XN, Li JL. Nano‑selenium alleviates cadmium-induced blood-brain barrier destruction by restoring the Wnt7A/β-catenin pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173249. [PMID: 38754502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se), a highly beneficial animal feed additive, exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nano‑selenium (Nano-Se) is an advanced formulation of Se featuring a specialized drug delivery vehicle, with good bioavailability, higher efficacy, and lower toxicity compared to the traditional form of Se. With the advancement of industry, cadmium (Cd) contamination occurs in different countries and regions and thereby contaminating different food crops, and the degree of pollution is degree increasing year by year. The present investigation entailed the oral administration of CdCl2 and/or Nano-Se to male chickens of the Hy-Line Variety White breed, which are one day old, subsequent to a 7-day adaptive feeding period, for a duration of 90 days. The study aimed to elucidate the potential protective impact of Nano-Se on Cd exposure. The study found that Nano-Se demonstrates potential in mitigating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction characterized by impairment of adherens junctions (AJS) and tight junctions (TJS) by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. In addition, the data uncovered that Nano-Se demonstrates a proficient ability in alleviating BBB impairment and inflammatory reactions caused by Cd through the modulation of the Wnt7A/β-catenin pathway, highlights its potential to maintain brain homeostasis. Hence, this research anticipates that the utilization of Nano-Se effectively mitigate the detrimental impacts associated with Cd exposure on the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Ya-Ru Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Yang Y, Lu X, Yu B, Wang Z, Wang L, Lei K, Zuo L, Fan P, Liang T. Exploring the environmental risks and seasonal variations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fine road dust in resource-based cities based on Monte Carlo simulation, geo-detector and random forest model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134708. [PMID: 38795490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution caused by mineral exploitation and energy consumption poses a serious threat to ecological security and human health, particularly in resource-based cities. To address this issue, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road dust from different seasons to assess the environmental risks and influencing factors faced by Datong City. Multivariate statistical analysis and absolute principal component score were employed for source identification and quantitative allocation. The geo-accumulation index and improved Nemerow index were utilized to evaluate the pollution levels of PTEs. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to assess the ecological-health risks associated with PTEs content and source orientation. Furthermore, geo-detector and random forest analysis were conducted to examine the key environmental variables and driving factors contributing to the spatiotemporal variation in PTEs content. In all PTEs, Cd, Hg, and Zn exhibited higher levels of content, with an average content/background value of 3.65 to 4.91, 2.53 to 3.34, and 2.15 to 2.89 times, respectively. Seasonal disparities were evident in PTEs contents, with average levels generally showing a pattern of spring (winter) > summer (autumn). PTEs in fine road dust (FRD) were primarily influenced by traffic, natural factors, coal-related industrial activities, and metallurgical activities, contributing 14.9-33.9 %, 41.4-47.5 %, 4.4-8.3 %, and 14.2-29.4 % to the total contents, respectively. The overall pollution and ecological risk of PTEs were categorized as moderate and high, respectively, with the winter season exhibiting the most severe conditions, primarily driven by Hg emissions from coal-related industries. Non-carcinogenic risk of PTEs for adults was within the safe limit, yet children still faced a probability of 4.1 %-16.4 % of unacceptable risks, particularly in summer. Carcinogenic risks were evident across all demographics, with children at the highest risk, mainly due to Cr and smelting industrial sources. Geo-detector and random forest model indicated that spatial disparities in prioritized control elements (Cr and Hg) were primarily influenced by particulate matter (PM10) and anthropogenic activities (industrial and socio-economic factors); variations in particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and meteorological factors (wind speed and precipitation) were the primary controllers of seasonal disparities of Cr and Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhenze Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Rombel-Bryzek A, Bojarski B, Świsłowski P, Jakubiak M, Boliukh I, Rajfur M. The effects of cadmium on selected oxidative stress parameters and the content of photosynthetic pigments in cucumber Cucumis sativus L. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127463. [PMID: 38657336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental pollution by cadmium (Cd) is currently a common problem in many countries, especially in highly industrialised areas. Cd present in the soil can be absorbed by plants through the root system. AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cadmium on the metabolic activity of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) and the accumulation and distribution of Cd in the organs of the plants. METHODS Cucumber seeds (3 g) were exposed to 0.76, 1.58 or 4.17 mg Cd/L (applied as CdCl2 solutions). The activity of selected antioxidant enzymes - glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation and the content of photosynthetic pigments were determined in 6-week-old cucumber plants. In addition, intake of Cd has been determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS). RESULTS The results show that the applied cadmium concentrations affected the activity of antioxidant enzymes. An increase in CAT activity and a decrease in SOD activity were observed in all cucumber organs analysed. GSH-Px activity increased in the roots and stems. Surprisingly, GSH-Px activity decreased in the leaves. The level of lipid peroxidation was usually unchanged (the only one statistically significant change was a decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde in the leaves which was observed after exposure to the highest Cd concentration). The applied Cd concentrations had no effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments. The highest cadmium content was found in the roots of cucumber plants. Cd tends to accumulate in the roots and a small amount was translocated to the stems and leaves, which was confirmed with the translocation factor (TF). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the range of cadmium concentrations used, corresponding to the level of environmental pollution recorded in Europe, effectively activates the antioxidant enzyme system, without intensifying lipid peroxidation or reducing the content of photosynthetic pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Rombel-Bryzek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Oleska 48, Opole 45-052, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Bojarski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, Słupsk 76-200, Poland
| | - Paweł Świsłowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22, Opole 45-052, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jakubiak
- Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, Kraków 30-059, Poland
| | - Iryna Boliukh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Oleska 48, Opole 45-052, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22, Opole 45-052, Poland
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Moyebi OD, Lebbie T, Carpenter DO. Standards for levels of lead in soil and dust around the world. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 0:reveh-2024-0030. [PMID: 38856075 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2024-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Lead poisoning is a serious environmental health problem in every country in the world. Exposure to lead results in neurocognitive and behavioral changes, has adverse effects on the immune system, causes anemia, hypertension and perturbs other organ systems. The effects of lead poisoning are most critical for children because their bodies are growing and developing, and particularly because agents that reduce cognitive function and attention span as well as promote disruptive behavior will have life-long consequences. Lead exposure, especially to children, is a major health disparity issue. If the next generation starts with reduced cognitive ability, there will be significant barriers for development of skills and country-wide development. While there are many sources of exposure to lead, the commonest source is lead in soil and dust. Since lead is an element, it does not go away and past releases of lead into the environment remain as soil and dust contamination. This is an especially important route of exposure to children because children regularly play in soil and are exposed via hand-to-mouth activity. In addition to indoor sources of lead, contaminated soil is tracked on shoes or feet and blown by air currents into homes, accumulating in household dust which is a major source of exposure for both children and adults. The purpose of this review is to determine standards presumed to be health protective for lead and dust in different countries. We find that many countries have no standards for lead in soil and dust and rely on standards set by the World Health Organization or the US Environmental Protection Agency, and these standards may or may not be enforced. There is considerable variation in standards set by other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omosehin D Moyebi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 1084 University at Albany , Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Nursing Program, School of Science, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM, USA
| | - Tamba Lebbie
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 1084 University at Albany , Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - David O Carpenter
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 1084 University at Albany , Rensselaer, NY, USA
- A World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Environmental Health, 1084 Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany , Rensselaer, NY, USA
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6
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Wang K, Holm PE, van Genuchten CM. Alkali Extraction of Arsenic from Groundwater Treatment Sludge: An Essential Initial Step for Arsenic Recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38857431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As)-bearing Fe(III) precipitate groundwater treatment sludge has traditionally been viewed by the water sector as a disposal issue rather than a resource opportunity, partly due to assumptions of the low value of As. However, As has now been classified as a Critical Raw Material (CRM) in many regions, providing new incentives to recover As and other useful components of the sludge, such as phosphate (P) and the reactive hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) sorbent. Here, we investigate alkali extraction to separate As from a variety of field and synthetic As-bearing HFO sludges, which is a critical first step to enable sludge upcycling. We found that As extraction was most effective using NaOH, with the As extraction efficiency increasing up to >99% with increasing NaOH concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 1 M). Extraction with Na2CO3 and Ca(OH)2 was ineffective (<5%). Extraction time (hour, day, week) played a secondary role in As release but tended to be important at lower NaOH concentrations. Little difference in As extraction efficiency was observed for several key variables, including sludge aging time (50 days) and cosorbed oxyanions (e.g., Si, P). However, the presence of ∼10 mass% calcite decreased As release from field and synthetic sludges considerably (<70% As extracted). Concomitant with As release, alkali extraction promoted crystallization of poorly ordered HFO and decreased particle specific surface area, with structural modifications increasing with NaOH concentration and extraction time. Taken together, these results provide essential information to inform and optimize the design of resource recovery methods for As-bearing treatment sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Wang
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, Copenhagen1350, Denmark
| | - Peter E Holm
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Case M van Genuchten
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, Copenhagen1350, Denmark
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Zhang S, Zhou L, Tang K, Ren D, Zhang X. Study on the enhancement of citric acid chemical leaching of contaminated soil by modified nano zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:224. [PMID: 38849581 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (SAS-nZVI) on chemical leaching of lead and cadmium composite contaminated soil by citric acid (CA). The synthesized SAS-nZVI was used as a leaching aid to improve the removal rate of soil heavy metals (HMs) by CA chemical leaching. The effects of various factors such as SAS-nZVI dosage, elution temperature and elution time were studied. At the same time, the effect of chemical leaching on the basic physical and chemical properties of soil and the morphology of HMs was evaluated. The results show that when the SAS-nZVI dosage is 2.0 g/L, the leaching temperature is 25 °C, and the leaching time is 720 min, the maximum removal rates of Pb and Cd in the soil are 77.64% and 97.15% respectively. The experimental results were evaluated using elution and desorption kinetic models (Elovich model, double constant model, diffusion model). The elution and desorption process of Pb and Cd in soil by SAS-nZVI-CA fitted well with the double-constant model, indicating that the desorption kinetic process of Pb and Cd is a heterogeneous diffusion process, and the elution process is controlled by diffusion factors. After leaching with SAS-nZVI-CA, the physical and chemical properties of the soil changed little, the mobility and toxicity of HMs in the soil were reduced, and the HMs content in the leaching waste liquid was reduced. It can be concluded that SAS-nZVI enhances the efficiency of CA in extracting Pb and Cd from soil, minimizes soil damage resulting from chemical leaching technology, and alleviates the challenges associated with treating leaching waste liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China.
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China.
| | - Linyuan Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Kan Tang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Dajun Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
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Zhou Q, Yang S, Sun L, Ye J, Sun Y, Qin Q, Xue Y. Evaluating the protective capacity of soil heavy metals regulation limits on human health: A critical analysis concerning risk assessment - Importance of localization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 361:121197. [PMID: 38820791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of agricultural soil is a major global concern, prompting the establishment of maximum allowable limits (MALs) to ensure food safety and protect human health. This study collected and compared MALs for six heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cu) in agricultural soils from representative countries and organizations (EU and WHO/FAO). The research evaluated the critical health risks and efficacy of these MALs under the hypothetical scenario of metals concentrations reaching the maximum allowable level. Safe thresholds for heavy metals were then derived based on maximum acceptable health risk levels. The comparative analysis revealed significant variations in the specific limit values and terms of MALs across countries and organizations, even for the same metal. This suggests that there is no consensus among countries and organizations regarding the level of metal-related health risks. Furthermore, the risk analysis of metal concentrations reaching the maximum level accentuated heightened risks associated with As, suggesting that the current risk of soil As exposure was underestimated, particularly for children. However, soil Cu, Cd, and Zn limits generally resulted in low health risks, implying that the current limits may overestimate their hazard. Overall, the results highlight that the current MALs for soil heavy metals may not fully safeguard human health. There is a critical need to optimize current soil MALs based on localized risks and the actual impact of these metals on human health. It is suggested to appropriately lower the limits of metals (such as As) whose impact on health risks is underestimated, and cautiously increase the limits of metals (such as Cu, Cd, and Zn) that currently pose minor health risks. This approach aims to reduce both over and insufficient protection problems of soil heavy metal MALs, emphasizing the importance of considering the locality in setting these limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhang Zhou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, China; Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China
| | - Shiyan Yang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Jing Ye
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, China.
| | - Yafei Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China.
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9
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Xu Y, Li G, Xu W, Li Z, Qu H, Cheng J, Li H. Recent Advances of Food Hazard Detection Based on Artificial Nanochannel Sensors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11900-11916. [PMID: 38709250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Food quality and safety are related to the health and safety of people, and food hazards are important influencing factors affecting food safety. It is strongly necessary to develop food safety rapid detection technology to ensure food safety. As a new detection technology, artificial nanochannel-based electrochemical and other methods have the advantages of being real-time, simple, and sensitive and are widely used in the detection of food hazards. In this paper, we review artificial nanochannel sensors as a new detection technology in food safety for different types of food hazards: biological hazards (bacteria, toxins, viruses) and chemical hazards (heavy metals, organic pollutants, food additives). At the same time, we critically discuss the advantages and disadvantages of artificial nanochannel sensor detection, as well as the restrictions and solutions of detection, and finally look forward to the challenges and development prospects of food safety detection technology based on the limitations of artificial nanochannel detection. We expect to provide a theoretical basis and inspiration for the development of rapid real-time detection technology for food hazards and the production of portable detection equipment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Ziheng Li
- Hubei Central China Normal University Overseas Study Service Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Haonan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Haibing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
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10
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Zeng L, Rao Y, Kong W, Wu M, Ren W, Li S, Dai J, Duan Y. High sensitive detection of Cd, Hg, Pb and Cr in rice based on LA-MPT-OES with optimized excitation regions by two-dimensional characterization of plasma plume. Food Chem 2024; 455:139850. [PMID: 38850984 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Direct, rapid and highly sensitive detection of heavy metals in rice is essential to ensure food safety. In this research, a combination of laser ablation and microwave plasma torch optical emission spectrometry (LA-MPT-OES) was proposed. Based on the optimal observation positions, a high sensitivity and direct determination of Cd, Hg, Pb and Cr in rice were realized. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.97, 0.12, 0.61 and 0.15 μg/kg, respectively, which were reduced by one order of magnitude compared to the optimal observation height. In addition, the LOD was reduced by one to two orders of magnitude compared with the techniques that require sample pre-treatment. Moreover, the results of the Certified Reference Materials and real samples were in agreement with the reference values with a relative error in the range of 0.28% ∼ 14.16%. The results demonstrated that LA-MPT-OES could be a promising tool to detect heavy metals in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Zeng
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yu Rao
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Weiheng Kong
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Mengfan Wu
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Wenxin Ren
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Shijie Li
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jianxiong Dai
- Aliben Technology Co., LTD, Chengdu 611930, PR China..
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Centre of Analytical Instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China..
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11
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Cakaj A, Drzewiecka K, Hanć A, Lisiak-Zielińska M, Ciszewska L, Drapikowska M. Plants as effective bioindicators for heavy metal pollution monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119222. [PMID: 38795949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the bioindicator potential of Amaranthus retroflexus L., Plantago lanceolata L., Rumex acetosa L., and Trifolium pratense L. including the use of Lolium multiflorum L. as a reference species, for heavy metal pollution monitoring, in particular Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), and Lead (Pb). Controlled heavy metal contamination was applied through irrigation with metal nitrate solutions two levels of contamination (low and high). The study also focused on analyzing heavy metals concentration in plant tissues and related physiological responses. Distinct physiological responses to heavy metal stress were observed among the investigated species, highlighting unique variations in their reactions. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde content, and enzymatic activities emerged as reliable indicators of plant stress induced by heavy metal solutions. P. lanceolata displayed elevated Zn concentrations in both roots and leaves (3271 ± 337 and 4956 ± 82 mg kg-1). For Pb, L. multiflorum and P. lanceolata showed highest root concentrations (2964 ± 937 and 1605 ± 289 mg kg-1), while R. acetosa had higher leaf concentration (1957 ± 147 mg kg-1). For Ni, L. multiflorum had the highest root concentration (1148 ± 93 mg kg-1), and P. lanceolata exhibited the highest leaf concentration (2492 ± 28 mg kg-1). P. lanceolata consistently demonstrated the highest Cd concentrations in both roots (126 ± 21 mg kg-1) and leaves (163 ± 12 mg kg-1). These results provide valuable insights for selecting effective bioindicator species to establish control strategies for heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlinda Cakaj
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Kinga Drzewiecka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Lisiak-Zielińska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Liliana Ciszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Drapikowska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
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12
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Luo H, Wang P, Wang Q, Lyu X, Zhang E, Yang X, Han G, Zang L. Pollution sources and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils of multiple land use types in the arid zone of Northwest China based on Monte Carlo simulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116479. [PMID: 38768539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils of different land-use types varies depending on climatic conditions and human. Topsoil samples were collected in Northwest China to investigate PTE pollution and risk in different land uses, and thereby estimate the risk of various pollution sources. The results showed that human activity had an impact on PTE concentrations in the study area across all land use types, with farmland, grassland, woodland, and the gobi at moderate pollution levels and the desert at light pollution levels. Different PTE sources pose different risks depending on the land-use type. Apart from deserts, children are exposed to carcinogenic risk from a variety of sources. A mixed natural and agricultural source was the main source of public health risk in the study area, contributing 38.7% and 39.0% of the non-carcinogenic and 40.7% and 35.5% of the carcinogenic risks, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations showed children were at a higher health risk from PTEs than adult s under all land uses, which ranked in severity as farmland > woodland > grassland > gobi > desert. As and Ni has a higher probability of posing both a non-carcinogenic and a carcinogenic risk to children. Sensitivity analysis showed that the contribution of parameters to the assessment model of PTEs exhibited the following contribution pattern: concentration > average body weight > ingestion rate > other parameters. The PTEs affecting the risk assessment model were not common among different land use types, where the importance distribution pattern of each parameter was basically the same in woodland, grassland, and farmland, and Ni contributed the most to carcinogenic risk. However, Cr contributed the most to the carcinogenic risk in the desert and gobi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Luo
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Peihao Wang
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qingzheng Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Lyu
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Erya Zhang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guojun Han
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Longfei Zang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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13
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Mansouri S. Recent Advancements in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Aptasensors: Critical Role of Nanomaterials for the Efficient Food Safety Analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38754013 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2351826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors are being studied extensively for their ability to detect and analyze molecules. There has been a growing interest in combining molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) and aptamers to create hybrid recognition elements that offer advantages such as target binding, sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. These hybrid elements have been successfully used in identifying a wide range of analytes in food samples. However, the application of MIP-based aptasensors in different sensing approaches is still challenging due to the low conductivity of MIPs-aptamers and limited adsorption capacity of MIPs. To address these limitations, researchers have been exploring the use of nanomaterials (NMs) to design efficient multiple-recognition systems that exploit the synergies between aptamers and MIPs. These hybrid systems can enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of MIP-based aptasensors in quantifying analytical samples. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the field of MIP-based aptasensors. It also introduces technologies that combine MIPs and aptamers to achieve higher sensitivity and selectivity in quantifying analytical samples. The review also highlights potential future trends and practical approaches that can be employed to address the limitations of MIP-based aptasensors, including the use of new NMs, the development of new fabrication techniques, and the integration of MIP-based aptasensors with other analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiene Mansouri
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabiain
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, University of Tunis El Manar, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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14
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Ma C, Xu X, Zhou M, Hu T, Qi C. A Deep Learning Approach for Chromium Detection and Characterization from Soil Hyperspectral Data. TOXICS 2024; 12:357. [PMID: 38787136 PMCID: PMC11125944 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
High levels of chromium (Cr) in soil pose a significant threat to both humans and the environment. Laboratory-based chemical analysis methods for Cr are time consuming and expensive; thus, there is an urgent need for a more efficient method for detecting Cr in soil. In this study, a deep neural network (DNN) approach was applied to the Land Use and Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS) dataset to develop a hyperspectral soil Cr content prediction model with good generalizability and accuracy. The optimal DNN model was constructed by optimizing the spectral preprocessing methods and DNN hyperparameters, which achieved good predictive performance for Cr detection, with a correlation coefficient value of 0.79 on the testing set. Four important hyperspectral bands with strong Cr sensitivity (400-439, 1364-1422, 1862-1934, and 2158-2499 nm) were identified by permutation importance and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations. Soil iron oxide and clay mineral content were found to be important factors influencing soil Cr content. The findings of this study provide a feasible method for rapidly determining soil Cr content from hyperspectral data, which can be further refined and applied to large-scale Cr detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chundi Ma
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.M.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (T.H.)
| | - Xinhang Xu
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.M.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (T.H.)
| | - Min Zhou
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.M.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (T.H.)
| | - Tao Hu
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.M.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (T.H.)
| | - Chongchong Qi
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.M.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (T.H.)
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Fankou Lean-Zinc Mine, NONFEMET, Shaoguan 511100, China
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15
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Prăvălie R, Borrelli P, Panagos P, Ballabio C, Lugato E, Chappell A, Miguez-Macho G, Maggi F, Peng J, Niculiță M, Roșca B, Patriche C, Dumitrașcu M, Bandoc G, Nita IA, Birsan MV. A unifying modelling of multiple land degradation pathways in Europe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3862. [PMID: 38719912 PMCID: PMC11079025 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Land degradation is a complex socio-environmental threat, which generally occurs as multiple concurrent pathways that remain largely unexplored in Europe. Here we present an unprecedented analysis of land multi-degradation in 40 continental countries, using twelve dataset-based processes that were modelled as land degradation convergence and combination pathways in Europe's agricultural (and arable) environments. Using a Land Multi-degradation Index, we find that up to 27%, 35% and 22% of continental agricultural (~2 million km2) and arable (~1.1 million km2) lands are currently threatened by one, two, and three drivers of degradation, while 10-11% of pan-European agricultural/arable landscapes are cumulatively affected by four and at least five concurrent processes. We also explore the complex pattern of spatially interacting processes, emphasizing the major combinations of land degradation pathways across continental and national boundaries. Our results will enable policymakers to develop knowledge-based strategies for land degradation mitigation and other critical European sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remus Prăvălie
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Street, 010041, Bucharest, Romania.
- University of Bucharest, Research, Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663, Bucharest, Romania.
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, 050094, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Pasquale Borrelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Environmental Geosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Lugato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Adrian Chappell
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Gonzalo Miguez-Macho
- CRETUS, Non-Linear Physics Group, Faculty of Physics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Federico Maggi
- Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jian Peng
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mihai Niculiță
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Department of Geography, 20A Carol I Street, 700506, Iași, Romania
| | - Bogdan Roșca
- Romanian Academy, Iași Divison, Geography Department, 8 Carol I Street, 700505, Iași, Romania
| | - Cristian Patriche
- Romanian Academy, Iași Divison, Geography Department, 8 Carol I Street, 700505, Iași, Romania
| | - Monica Dumitrașcu
- Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, 12 Dimitrie Racoviță Street, 023993, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Bandoc
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Street, 010041, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, 050094, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Marius-Victor Birsan
- Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, 12 Dimitrie Racoviță Street, 023993, Bucharest, Romania
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16
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Valle-Romero P, Castellanos EM, Luque CJ, Flores-Duarte NJ, Romano-Rodríguez E, Redondo-Gómez S, Rodríguez-Llorente ID, Pajuelo E, Mateos-Naranjo E. Nitrate modulates the physiological tolerance responses of the halophytic species Sarcocornia fruticosa to copper excess. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108569. [PMID: 38552261 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Coexistence impact of pollutants of different nature on halophytes tolerance to metal excess has not been thoroughly examined, and plant functional responses described so far do not follow a clear pattern. Using the Cu-tolerant halophyte Sarcocornia fruticosa as a model species, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the impact of two concentration of copper (0 and 12 mM CuSO4) in combination with three nitrate levels (2, 14 and 50 mM KNO3) on plant growth, photosynthetic apparatus performance and ROS-scavenging enzymes system. The results revealed that S. fruticosa was able to grow adequately even when exposed to high concentrations of copper and nitrate. This response was linked to the plant capacity to uptake and retain a large amount of copper in its roots (up to 1500 mg kg-1 Cu), preventing its transport to aerial parts. This control of translocation was further magnified with nitrate concentration increment. Likewise, although Cu excess impaired S. fruticosa carbon assimilation capacity, the plant was able to downregulate its light-harvesting complexes function, as indicated its lowers ETR values, especially at 12 mM Cu + 50 mM NO3. This downregulation would contribute to avoid excess energy absorption and transformation. In addition, this strategy of avoiding excess energy was accompanied by the upregulation of all ROS-scavenging enzymes, a response that was further enhanced by the increase in nitrate concentration. Therefore, we conclude that the coexistence of nitrate would favor S. fruticosa tolerance to copper excess, and this effect is mediated by the combined activation of several tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Valle-Romero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eloy Manuel Castellanos
- Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Carlos J Luque
- Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Noris J Flores-Duarte
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Elena Romano-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Susana Redondo-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio D Rodríguez-Llorente
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Enrique Mateos-Naranjo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.
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17
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Chirinos-Peinado D, Castro-Bedriñana J, Barnes EPG, Ríos-Ríos E, García-Olarte E, Castro-Chirinos G. Assessing the Health Risk and Trophic Transfer of Lead and Cadmium in Dairy Farming Systems in the Mantaro Catchment, Central Andes of Peru. TOXICS 2024; 12:308. [PMID: 38787087 PMCID: PMC11125971 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) transfer in three dairy farming areas in the Mantaro river headwaters in the central Peruvian Andes and at varying distances from the mining complex at La Oroya. At each of these sites, the transfer of trace metals from the soil to raw milk was estimated, and a hazard assessment for lead and cadmium was carried out in scenarios of minimum, average, and maximum milk consumption in a Peruvian population aged 2-85. Pb and Cd were quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Significantly, the concentrations of lead and cadmium were found to exceed the maximum limits recommended by the World Health Organization, with a positive geospatial trend correlated with the distance from mining activity. Both Pb and Cd were found to be transferred through the soil-pasture-milk pathway, with the primary source of Cd being phosphate-based fertilizers used in pasture improvement. Pb was found to be the most significant contributor to the Hazard Index (HI) with those under 19 years of age and over 60 recording an HI of >1, with infants being the most vulnerable group due to their greater milk consumption in relation to their body weight. A marginal increase in contamination was observed in the dry season, indicating the need for studies to be expanded over several annual cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Chirinos-Peinado
- Nutritional Food Safety Research Center, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo 12007, Peru; (D.C.-P.); (E.G.-O.)
| | - Jorge Castro-Bedriñana
- Nutritional Food Safety Research Center, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo 12007, Peru; (D.C.-P.); (E.G.-O.)
| | - Eustace P. G. Barnes
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK;
| | - Elva Ríos-Ríos
- Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, Peru;
| | - Edgar García-Olarte
- Nutritional Food Safety Research Center, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo 12007, Peru; (D.C.-P.); (E.G.-O.)
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18
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Angon PB, Islam MS, KC S, Das A, Anjum N, Poudel A, Suchi SA. Sources, effects and present perspectives of heavy metals contamination: Soil, plants and human food chain. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28357. [PMID: 38590838 PMCID: PMC10999863 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) poisoning of agricultural soils poses a serious risk to plant life, human health, and global food supply. When HM levels in agricultural soils get to dangerous levels, it harms crop health and yield. Chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) are the main heavy metals. The environment contains these metals in varying degrees, such as in soil, food, water, and even the air. These substances damage plants and alter soil characteristics, which lowers crop yield. Crop types, growing circumstances, elemental toxicity, developmental stage, soil physical and chemical properties, and the presence and bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil solution are some of the factors affecting the amount of HM toxicity in crops. By interfering with the normal structure and function of cellular components, HMs can impede various metabolic and developmental processes. Humans are exposed to numerous serious diseases by consuming these affected plant products. Exposure to certain metals can harm the kidneys, brain, intestines, lungs, liver, and other organs of the human body. This review assesses (1) contamination of heavy metals in soils through different sources, like anthropogenic and natural; (2) the effect on microorganisms and the chemical and physical properties of soil; (3) the effect on plants as well as crop production; and (4) entering the food chain and associated hazards to human health. Lastly, we identified certain research gaps and suggested further study. If people want to feel safe in their surroundings, there needs to be stringent regulation of the release of heavy metals into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prodipto Bishnu Angon
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiul Islam
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shreejana KC
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuwan University, Nepal
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Plant Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Arpan Das
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Nafisa Anjum
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Amrit Poudel
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuwan University, Nepal
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Plant Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Shaharia Akter Suchi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
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19
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Upadhyay V, Kumari A, Kumar S. From soil to health hazards: Heavy metals contamination in northern India and health risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141697. [PMID: 38484997 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination in soil is a global concern affecting the environment with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems and the health of human beings. Heavy metals contamination of soil entails a significant threat to the environment and human health. This research paper focuses on the quantification of heavy metals contamination in soil in Kanpur district, a highly industrialized and densely populated region in India. The study was aimed to identify the sources of heavy metals, map their spatial distribution, and evaluate the potential implications on the environment and human well-being. The prime intent of the current study was quantification of heavy metals in the soil as well as the comparison of risk on the health of human being using two different methods i.e., US EPA methodology for risk assessment and epidemiological study-based risk assessment. Heavy metals like Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Cd were analyzed in agricultural samples of soil with the help of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. On the basis of epidemiological data, the attributable and relative risk came out to be 0.001 and 1.060, respectively. On the basis of the calculation of Cr alone, the values of carcinogenic risk for adults came out to be 3.87 × 10-7 and for children it was 3.01 × 10- 6. In conclusion, this research paper highlights the alarming levels of heavy metals contamination in the soil of Kanpur district, emphasizing the urgent need for remediation and mitigation efforts, thereby guiding policy makers and stakeholders in developing targeted strategies for soil protection and safeguarding human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidisha Upadhyay
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, Maharashtra, India.
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20
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Sultana N, Eti SA, Hossain ML, Li J, Salam MA. Tracing and source fingerprinting of metals from the southern coastal sediments in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27846-27863. [PMID: 38519615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Trace element pollution from anthropogenic sources is increasingly widespread. This pollution in terrestrial environments threatens agricultural crop production, while in aquatic environments, it threatens fish cultivation. The contamination of these crucial food sources raises significant concerns regarding food safety, security, and its potential adverse effects on human health. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to heavy metal pollution due to their proximity to industrial and urban centres, as well as their susceptibility to contamination from marine sources. In attempting to identify the sources of heavy metals (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and measure their contributions, we collected soil samples from thirty sites along the three coastal districts (Patuakhali, Barguna, and Bhola) in Bangladesh. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, heavy metal concentrations in soil samples were measured and three receptor models (PMF, PCA-MLR, and UNMIX) were applied to detect their sources. Pairwise correlation analysis of metal concentrations in 30 sites across 3 coastal districts showed all possible patterns, including both significant and insignificant positive and negative relationships between different metals, except for As and Hg which did not display any significant relationships with other metals. The concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn exceed the US-EPA sediment quality standard. The applied PCA-MLR, PMF, and UNMIX models identified several sources of heavy metal contamination, including (i) mixed anthropogenic and natural activities: contribution of 59%, 37%, and 43%, and (ii) vehicle emissions: contribution of 23%, 26% and 29%. The recognized metal sources should be prioritised to avoid the discharge of poisonous pollutants from anthropogenic factors and any possible future exposure. This study's findings have implications for ongoing monitoring and management of heavy metal contamination in coastal environments to mitigate potential health and ecological impacts and can inform policy development and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niger Sultana
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Shamima Akther Eti
- Fibre and Polymer Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Lokman Hossain
- Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Environment Protection Technology, German University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mohammed Abdus Salam
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
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21
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Adhikari K, Mancini M, Libohova Z, Blackstock J, Winzeler E, Smith DR, Owens PR, Silva SHG, Curi N. Heavy metals concentration in soils across the conterminous USA: Spatial prediction, model uncertainty, and influencing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170972. [PMID: 38360318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Assessment and proper management of sites contaminated with heavy metals require precise information on the spatial distribution of these metals. This study aimed to predict and map the distribution of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn across the conterminous USA using point observations, environmental variables, and Histogram-based Gradient Boosting (HGB) modeling. Over 9180 surficial soil observations from the Soil Geochemistry Spatial Database (SGSD) (n = 1150), the Geochemical and Mineralogical Survey of Soils (GMSS) (n = 4857), and the Holmgren Dataset (HD) (n = 3400), and 28 covariates (100 m × 100 m grid) representing climate, topography, vegetation, soils, and anthropic activity were compiled. Model performance was evaluated on 20 % of the data not used in calibration using the coefficient of determination (R2), concordance correlation coefficient (ρc), and root mean square error (RMSE) indices. Uncertainty of predictions was calculated as the difference between the estimated 95 and 5 % quantiles provided by HGB. The model explained up to 50 % of the variance in the data with RMSE ranging between 0.16 (mg kg-1) for Cu and 23.4 (mg kg-1) for Zn, respectively. Likewise, ρc ranged between 0.55 (Cu) and 0.68 (Zn), respectively, and Zn had the highest R2 (0.50) among all predictions. We observed high Pb concentrations near urban areas. Peak concentrations of all studied metals were found in the Lower Mississippi River Valley. Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations were higher on the West Coast; Cd concentrations were higher in the central USA. Clay, pH, potential evapotranspiration, temperature, and precipitation were among the model's top five important covariates for spatial predictions of heavy metals. The combined use of point observations and environmental covariates coupled with machine learning provided a reliable prediction of heavy metals distribution in the soils of the conterminous USA. The updated maps could support environmental assessments, monitoring, and decision-making with this methodology applicable to other soil databases, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabindra Adhikari
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX 76502, USA.
| | - Marcelo Mancini
- University of Arkansas, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Zamir Libohova
- USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA
| | - Joshua Blackstock
- USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA
| | - Edwin Winzeler
- USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA
| | - Douglas R Smith
- USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX 76502, USA
| | - Phillip R Owens
- USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA
| | - Sérgio H G Silva
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nilton Curi
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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22
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Dubey P, Farooqui A, Patel A, Srivastava PK. Microbial innovations in chromium remediation: mechanistic insights and diverse applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:151. [PMID: 38553582 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from industrial activities poses a critical environmental threat due to its persistence, toxicity and mutagenic potential. Traditional physico-chemical methods for its removal often entail significant environmental drawbacks. Recent advancements in remediation strategies have emphasized nano and bioremediation techniques as promising avenues for cost-effective and efficient Cr(VI) mitigation. Bioremediation harnesses the capabilities of biological agents like microorganisms, and algae to mitigate heavy metal contamination, while nano-remediation employs nanoparticles for adsorption purposes. Various microorganisms, including E. coli, Byssochlamys sp., Pannonibacter phragmitetus, Bacillus, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Fusarium, and Chlorella utilize bioreduction, biotransformation, biosorption and bioaccumulation mechanisms to convert Cr(VI) to Cr(III). Their adaptability to different environments and integration with nanomaterials enhance microbial activity, offering eco-friendly solutions. The study provides a brief overview of metabolic pathways involved in Cr(VI) bioreduction facilitated by diverse microbial species. Nitroreductase and chromate reductase enzymes play key roles in nitrogen and chromium removal, with nitroreductase requiring nitrate and NADPH/NADH, while the chromium reductase pathway relies solely on NADPH/NADH. This review investigates the various anthropogenic activities contributing to Cr(VI) emissions and evaluates the efficacy of conventional, nano-remediation, and bioremediation approaches in curbing Cr(VI) concentrations. Additionally, it scrutinizes the mechanisms underlying nano-remediation techniques for a deeper understanding of the remediation process. It identifies research gaps and offers insights into future directions aimed at enhancing the real-time applicability of bioremediation methods for mitigating with Cr(VI) pollution and pave the way for sustainable remediation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Dubey
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
- Environmental Technologies, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
| | - Anju Patel
- Environmental Technologies, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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23
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Sun Y, Zhao Y, Hao L, Zhao X, Lu J, Shi Y, Ma C, Li Q. Application of the partial least square regression method in determining the natural background of soil heavy metals: A case study in the Songhua River basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170695. [PMID: 38331274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The "background" is an essential index for identifying anthropogenic inputs and potential ecological risks of soil heavy metals. However, the lithology of bedrock can cause significant spatial variation in the natural background of soil elements, posing considerable difficulties in estimating background values. In this study, an attempt was made to calculate the natural background through regression analysis of soil chemical composition, and reasonably evaluate the impact of lithology. A total of 1771 surface soil samples were collected from the Songhua River Basin, China, for chemical composition analysis, and the partial least square regression (PLSR) method was employed to establish the relationship between heavy metals (As, Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni) and soil chemical composition/environmental parameters (SiO2, Al2O3, TFe2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, La, Y, Zr, V, Sc, Sr, Li and pH). The result shows that As, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni have significant linear relationships with soil chemical composition. Each of these six heavy metals obtained 1771 regression background values; some were higher than the uniform background value obtained from the boxplot, while others were lower. The regression background values recognized not only subtle anthropogenic inputs and potential ecological risks in low-background regions but also spurious contamination in high-background areas. All these indicate that the PLSR method can effectively improve the determination accuracy of the natural background of soil heavy metals. More attention should be paid to the serious anthropogenic inputs appearing in some places of the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Sun
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Yuyan Zhao
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Libo Hao
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Xinyun Zhao
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Jilong Lu
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Yanxiang Shi
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Chengyou Ma
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Qingquan Li
- College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
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24
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Gao S, Zheng F, Yue L, Chen B. Chronic cadmium exposure impairs flight behavior by dampening flight muscle carbon metabolism in bumblebees. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133628. [PMID: 38301442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium pollution affects the global ecosystem because cadmium can be transferred up the food chain. The bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, is an important insect pollinator. Their foraging activity on flowers exposes them to harmful heavy metals, which damages their health and leads to massive population declines. However, the effects of chronic exposure to heavy metals on the flight performance of bumblebees have not yet been characterized. Here, we studied variation in the flight capacity of bumblebees induced by chronic cadmium exposure at field-realistic concentrations using behavioral, physiological, and molecular approaches. Chronic cadmium exposure caused a significant reduction in the duration, distance, and mean velocity of bumblebee flight. Transcriptome analysis showed that the impairment of carbon metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in the flight muscle were the primary causes. Physiological, biochemical, and metabolomic analyses validated disruptions in energy metabolism, and impairments in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activities. Histological analysis revealed muscle fiber damage and mitochondrial loss. Exogenous decanoic acid or citric acid partially restored sustained flight ability of bumblebees by mitigating muscle fiber damage and increasing energy generation. These findings provide insights into how long-term cadmium stress affects the flight ability of insects and will aid human muscle or exercise-related disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lei Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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25
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Lin L, Wu X, Deng X, Lin Z, Liu C, Zhang J, He T, Yi Y, Liu H, Wang Y, Sun W, Xu Z. Mechanisms of low cadmium accumulation in crops: A comprehensive overview from rhizosphere soil to edible parts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118054. [PMID: 38157968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal often found in soil and agricultural products. Due to its high mobility, Cd poses a significant health risk when absorbed by crops, a crucial component of the human diet. This absorption primarily occurs through roots and leaves, leading to Cd accumulation in edible parts of the plant. Our research aimed to understand the mechanisms behind the reduced Cd accumulation in certain crop cultivars through an extensive review of the literature. Crops employ various strategies to limit Cd influx from the soil, including rhizosphere microbial fixation and altering root cell metabolism. Additional mechanisms include membrane efflux, specific transport, chelation, and detoxification, facilitated by metalloproteins such as the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) family, heavy metal P-type ATPases (HMA), zinc-iron permease (ZIP), and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. This paper synthesizes differences in Cd accumulation among plant varieties, presents methods for identifying cultivars with low Cd accumulation, and explores the unique molecular biology of Cd accumulation. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive resource for managing agricultural lands with lower contamination levels and supports the development of crops engineered to accumulate minimal amounts of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xingying Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jiexiang Zhang
- GRG Metrology& Test Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510656, China
| | - Tao He
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yunqiang Yi
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Weimin Sun
- Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Zhimin Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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26
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Zhang L, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Zhong J, Li J, Yang S, Ta W, Zhang Y. Characteristics, source analysis, and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements pollution in soil of dense molybdenum tailing ponds area in central China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:129. [PMID: 38483651 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The issue of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination of regional soil caused by mining activities and tailings accumulation has attracted wide attention all over the world. The East Qinling is one of the three main molybdenum mines in the world, and the concentration of PTEs such as Hg, Pb and Cu in the slag is high. Quantifying the amount of PTEs contamination in soil and identifying potential sources of contamination is vital for soil environmental management. In the present investigation, the pollution levels of 8 PTEs in the Qinling molybdenum tailings intensive area were quantitatively identified. Additionally, an integrated source-risk method was adopted for resource allocation and risk assessment based on the PMF model, the ecological risk, and the health risk assessment model. The mean concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, As, and Hg in the 80 topsoil samples ranged from 0.80 to 13.38 times the corresponding background values; notably high levels were observed for Pb and Hg. The source partitioning results showed that PTEs were mainly affected by four pollution sources: natural and agricultural sources, coal-burning sources, combined transport and mining industry sources, and mining and smelting sources. The health risk assessment results revealed that the risks of soil PTEs for adults are acceptable, while the risks for children exceeded the limit values. The obtained results will help policymakers to obtain the sources of PTEs of tailing ponds intensive area. Moreover, it provides priorities for the governance of subsequent pollution sources and ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxi Zhu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahao Zhong
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangwei Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shitong Yang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiyuan Ta
- Shaanxi Environmental Investigation and Assessment Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Architecture, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China.
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27
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Khan I, Choudhary BC, Izhar S, Kumar D, Satyanarayanan M, Rajput VD, Khan S. Exploring geochemical distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in wetland and agricultural soils and associated health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:17964-17980. [PMID: 36637646 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study is carried out to understand the degree of soil pollution, transport mechanism, and distribution pattern of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including the exposure effects on human health. Towards this, topsoil samples were collected from the Saman wetland and surrounding agricultural fields in the Gangetic plain, India. The results show that the mean concentration of Cu, Hg, Zn, Pb, Th, As, U, and Cd of both soil types exceed the natural background values. The multivariate analysis suggests the soils are moderately contaminated with As, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Hg (possibly from anthropogenic sources) and heavily contaminated with Th and U, likely ascended from geogenic sources. The GIS-based geostatistical plots coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) apportion the sources of these toxic elements, which vary greatly and are closely correlated to the geogenic processes and local anthropogenic sources like pesticides and agrochemicals. The health risk assessment revealed that the cumulative hazard index (HI) values of PTEs are lower than the safe level, suggesting no significant noncarcinogenic effect for adults and children. However, excess cancer risk (ECR) values exceed the permissible limit (1 × 10-6), signifying that exposure to the toxic element concentration may cause cancer in the exposed population, most probably in the children subpopulation. Thus, this study highlights the importance of local compliance, ensuring the quality checks and management policies in using pesticides and other agrochemicals containing PTEs to control the imposed cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- CSIR- National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
- Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Bharat C Choudhary
- School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saifi Izhar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Devender Kumar
- CSIR- National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Manavalan Satyanarayanan
- CSIR- National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Shahwaz Khan
- CSIR- National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
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28
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Lutts S, Zhou M, Flores-Bavestrello A, Hainaut P, Dailly H, Debouche G, Foucart G. Season-dependent physiological behavior of Miscanthus x giganteus growing on heavy-metal contaminated areas in relation to soil properties. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25943. [PMID: 38384526 PMCID: PMC10878947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Miscanthus x giganteus is often considered as a suitable plant species for phytomanagement of heavy metal polluted sites. Nevertheless, its physiological behavior in response to the level of metal toxicity throughout the growing season remains poorly documented. Miscanthus x giganteus was cultivated on three sites in Belgium (BSJ: non-polluted control; CAR: slightly contaminated; VM strongly polluted by Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and As). The presence of Miscanthus improved soil biological parameters assessed by measurement of enzyme activity and basal soil respiration on the three considered sites, although to a lower level on VM site. Heavy metal accumulation in the shoot was already recorded in spring. It displayed a contrasting distribution in the summer leaves since heavy metals and As metalloid accumulated mainly in the older leaves of CAR plants while showing a uniform distribution among leaves of different ages in VM plants. Comparatively to plants growing on BSJ, net photosynthesis decreased in plants growing on CAR and VM sites. The recorded decrease was mainly related to stomatal factors in CAR plants (decrease in stomatal conductance and in Ci) but to non-stomatal factors such as decrease in carboxylation efficiency and non-photochemical quenching in VM plants. Stomata remained open in VM plants which presented lower instantaneous and intrinsic water use efficiencies than CAR and BSJ plants. High proportions of heavy metals accumulated in CAR plants were bound to the cell wall fraction while the soluble and organelle-rich fractions were proportionally higher in VM plants, leading to a decrease in cell viability and cell membrane damages. It is concluded that not only the intensity but also the nature of physiological responses in Miscanthus x giganteus may drastically differ depending on the pollution level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A) Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M.X. Zhou
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A) Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - A. Flores-Bavestrello
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A) Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Departamento de Silvicultura, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - P. Hainaut
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A) Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - H. Dailly
- Plateforme Analytique MOCA (Mineral and Organic Chemical Analysis) – Earth and Life Institute – Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - G. Debouche
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute – Agronomy (ELI-A) Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - G. Foucart
- Centre indépendant de Promotion Fourragère (CIPF), 2 (Bte 7.05.11) Chemin du Cyclotron, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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29
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Ballabio C, Jones A, Panagos P. Cadmium in topsoils of the European Union - An analysis based on LUCAS topsoil database. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168710. [PMID: 38008327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a naturally occurring element that can accumulate in the soil through the application of fertilisers containing cadmium and as a waste of industrial processes. Cadmium inputs in the soil have increased significantly (+50 %) during the 20th century as a result of the application of fertilisers and sewage sludge, and also due to local contamination (e.g. waste dumping, mining) and industrial emissions (e.g. zinc smelters). Using the 21,682 soil samples from the LUCAS soil survey, we aim to estimate the spatial distribution of the concentration of Cd in the European Union (EU) and UK topsoil. Out of the total, 72.6 % of the samples have Cd values <0.07 mg kg-1, 21.6 % in the range 0.07-1 mg kg-1 and the remaining 5.5 % higher than the threshold of 1 mg kg-1, which is generally considered the limit for risk assessment. The mean Cd value in the EU topsoils is 0.20 mg kg-1, slightly higher in grasslands (0.24 mg kg-1) compared to croplands (0.17 mg kg-1). Applying an ensemble of machine learning models supported by a variety of environmental descriptors, we created maps of Cd distribution at a resolution of 100 m. The ensemble approach included five models and increased the prediction accuracy to R2 of 0.45 (an increase of 0.1 compared to best single model performance). The approach used resulted in a high predictive power for the general Cd distribution, while also identifying hotspots of Cd contamination. Natural factors influencing Cd levels include soil properties (pH, clay), topography, soil erosion, and leaching. As anthropogenic factors, we identified phosphorus inputs to agricultural lands as the most important for Cd levels. The application of the EU Fertiliser Directive should further limit Cd inputs and potentially the Cd content in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arwyn Jones
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Bünemann EK, Reimer M, Smolders E, Smith SR, Bigalke M, Palmqvist A, Brandt KK, Möller K, Harder R, Hermann L, Speiser B, Oudshoorn F, Løes AK, Magid J. Do contaminants compromise the use of recycled nutrients in organic agriculture? A review and synthesis of current knowledge on contaminant concentrations, fate in the environment and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168901. [PMID: 38042198 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Use of nutrients recycled from societal waste streams in agriculture is part of the circular economy, and in line with organic farming principles. Nevertheless, diverse contaminants in waste streams create doubts among organic farmers about potential risks for soil health. Here, we gather the current knowledge on contaminant levels in waste streams and recycled nutrient sources, and discuss associated risks. For potentially toxic elements (PTEs), the input of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) from mineral feed supplements remains of concern, while concentrations of PTEs in many waste streams have decreased substantially in Europe. The same applies to organic contaminants, although new chemical groups such as flame retardants are of emerging concern and globally contamination levels differ strongly. Compared to inorganic fertilizers, application of organic fertilizers derived from human or animal feces is associated with an increased risk for environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The risk depends on the quality of the organic fertilizers, which varies between geographical regions, but farmland application of sewage sludge appears to be a safe practice as shown by some studies (e.g. from Sweden). Microplastic concentrations in agricultural soils show a wide spread and our understanding of its toxicity is limited, hampering a sound risk assessment. Methods for assessing public health risks for organic contaminants must include emerging contaminants and potential interactions of multiple compounds. Evidence from long-term field experiments suggests that soils may be more resilient and capable to degrade or stabilize pollutants than often assumed. In view of the need to source nutrients for expanding areas under organic farming, we discuss inputs originating from conventional farms vs. non-agricultural (i.e. societal) inputs. Closing nutrient cycles between agriculture and society is feasible in many cases, without being compromised by contaminants, and should be enhanced, aided by improved source control, waste treatment and sound risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Bünemann
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland.
| | - M Reimer
- University of Hohenheim, Department of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - E Smolders
- Division Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S R Smith
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - M Bigalke
- Department of Soil Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry, Institute for Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Palmqvist
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - K K Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - K Möller
- University of Hohenheim, Department of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R Harder
- Environmental Engineering Group, Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Hermann
- Proman Management GmbH, Weingartenstrasse 92, 2214 Auersthal, Austria
| | - B Speiser
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | - F Oudshoorn
- Innovation Centre for Organic Farming (ICOEL), Agro Food Park 26, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A K Løes
- Norwegian Centre for Organic Agriculture (NORSØK), Gunnars veg 6, N-6630 Tingvoll, Norway
| | - J Magid
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Wang N, Wang X, Chen L, Liu H, Wu Y, Huang M, Fang L. Biological roles of soil microbial consortium on promoting safe crop production in heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168994. [PMID: 38043809 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid) (HM) pollution of agricultural soils is a growing global environmental concern that affects planetary health. Numerous studies have shown that soil microbial consortia can inhibit the accumulation of HMs in crops. However, our current understanding of the effects and mechanisms of inhibition is fragmented. In this review, we summarise extant studies and knowledge to provide a comprehensive view of HM toxicity on crop growth and development at the biological, cellular and the molecular levels. In a meta-analysis, we find that microbial consortia can improve crop resistance and reduce HM uptake, which in turn promotes healthy crop growth, demonstrating that microbial consortia are more effective than single microorganisms. We then review three main mechanisms by which microbial consortia reduce the toxicity of HMs to crops and inhibit HMs accumulation in crops: 1) reducing the bioavailability of HMs in soil (e.g. biosorption, bioaccumulation and biotransformation); 2) improving crop resistance to HMs (e.g. facilitating the absorption of nutrients); and 3) synergistic effects between microorganisms. Finally, we discuss the prospects of microbial consortium applications in simultaneous crop safety production and soil remediation, indicating that they play a key role in sustainable agricultural development, and conclude by identifying research challenges and future directions for the microbial consortium to promote safe crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Palm Eco-Town Development Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Nonmetallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Nonmetallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Skorupa ALA, Bispo FHA, Assunção SA, Oliveira JR, Lima FRD, Teixeira MB, Guilherme LRG, Scolforo JRS, Zinn YL, Marques JJ. Spatial distribution of Pb and Zn in soils under native vegetation in Southeast Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:84. [PMID: 38367079 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals can play an important biological role as micronutrients but also as potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Understanding the natural concentrations of PTEs-Pb and Zn included-in soils allows for the identification and monitoring of contaminated areas and their role in environmental risk assessment. In this study, we aim to determine semi-total or natural and available concentrations of Pb and Zn in topsoils (0-20 cm depth) from 337 samples under native vegetation in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Additionally, we sought to interpret the spatial geochemical variability using geostatistical techniques and quality reference values for these elements in soils were established. The semi-total concentrations were determined by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption after microwave-assisted nitric acid digestion method. The available concentrations were extracted using the Mehlich-I extractor and determined by atomic absorption spectrometer. Spatial variability was modeled using semivariance estimators: Matheron's classic, Cressie and Hawkins' robust, and Cressie median estimators, the last two being less sensitive to extreme values. This allowed the construction of digital maps through kriging of semi-total Pb and Zn contents using the median estimator, as well as other soil properties by the robust estimator. The dominance of acidic pH and low CEC values reflects highly weathered low-fertility soils. Semi-total Pb contents ranged from 2.1 to 278 mg kg-1 (median: 9.35 mg kg-1) whereas semi-total Zn contents ranged from 2.7 to 495 mg kg-1 (median: 7.7 mg kg-1). The available Pb contents ranged from 0.1 to 6.92 mg kg-1 (median: 0.54 mg kg-1) whereas available Zn contents ranged from 0.1 to 78.2 mg kg-1 (median: 0.32 mg kg-1). The highest Pb and Zn concentrations were observed near Januária, in the northern part of the territory, probably on limestone rocks from the Bambuí group. Finally, the QRVs for Pb and Zn in natural soils were lower than their background values from other Brazilian region and below the prevention values suggested by Brazilian environmental regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba L A Skorupa
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio H A Bispo
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Shirlei A Assunção
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jakeline R Oliveira
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francielle R D Lima
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcília B Teixeira
- Department of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz R G Guilherme
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José R S Scolforo
- Department of Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Yuri L Zinn
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João José Marques
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Buch AC, Sims DB, de Ramos LM, Marques ED, Ritcher S, Abdullah MMS, Silva-Filho EV. Assessment of environmental pollution and human health risks of mine tailings in soil: after dam failure of the Córrego do Feijão Mine (in Brumadinho, Brazil). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:72. [PMID: 38367120 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The dam failure of the Córrego do Feijão Mine (CFM) located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, killed at least 278 people. In addition, large extensions of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems were destroyed, directly compromising the environmental and socioeconomic quality of the region. This study assessed the pollution and human health risks of soils impacted by the tailing spill of the CFM dam, along a sample perimeter of approximately 200 km. Based on potential ecological risk and pollution load indices, the enrichments of Cd, As, Hg, Cu, Pb and Ni in soils indicated that the Brumadinho, Mário Campos, Betim and São Joaquim de Bicas municipalities were the most affected areas by the broken dam. Restorative and reparative actions must be urgently carried out in these areas. For all contaminated areas, the children's group indicated an exacerbated propensity to the development of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic diseases, mainly through the ingestion pathway. Toxicological risk assessments, including acute, chronic and genotoxic effects, on people living and working in mining areas should be a priority for public management and mining companies to ensure effective environmental measures that do not harm human health and well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, S/N., Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-007, Brazil.
| | - Douglas B Sims
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Southern Nevada, North Las Vegas, NV, 89030, USA
| | - Larissa Magalhães de Ramos
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 82590-300, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte Marques
- Service Geological Survey of Brazil/Company of Research of Mineral Resources (SGB/CPRM), Belo Horizonte Regional Office, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30140-002, Brazil
| | - Simone Ritcher
- Researcher of Paraná Center of Reference in Agroecology, Estrada da Graciosa, Pinhais, Paraná, 6960, 83327-055, Brazil
| | - Mahmood M S Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, S/N., Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-007, Brazil
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34
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Zhang J, Yang L, Liu Y, Xing M, Wu Y, Bing H. Pollution and mobility of heavy metals in the soils of a typical agricultural zone in eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:91. [PMID: 38367072 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) in agricultural soils profoundly threatens national food safety, and the mobility and environmental behaviors of HMs are closely implicated in crop safety. Here, we assessed the pollution level and mobility of ten HMs and explored their environmental behaviors in the soils of three different land uses from a main crop production zone in eastern China. The concentrations of HMs in the soils were higher in the farmland than the woodland and wasteland, and Cd showed a relatively higher pollution and ecological risk levels compared to other metals. Cadmium was dominated by the reducible (41%) and exchangeable (23%) fractions, and the rest of HMs were mainly in the residual fraction (> 60%). The significant correlation between the exchangeable and DGT-labile Cd indicates relatively higher mobility of Cd in the soils. Soil pH, organic matters and mineral elements had significant correlation with the exchangeable and reducible fractions of most of the HMs (e.g., Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb and V; p < 0.05), indicating their good predictors of the HMs mobility. However, this was not the case for the DGT-labile fraction, which suggests a marked difference in the controlling mechanisms of the mobility versus potential bioavailability of HMs in the soils. The results of this study indicate that both the chemically extracted fractions and the bioavailable fractions of HMs need be considered when effectively assessing the safety of agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610299, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610299, China
| | - Menghan Xing
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610299, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610299, China.
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Dilarri G, de Lencastre Novaes LC, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U, Ferreira H. Bifunctional peptides as alternatives to copper-based formulations to control citrus canker. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:196. [PMID: 38324214 PMCID: PMC10850181 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Citrus canker is an infectious bacterial disease and one of the major threats to the orange juice industry, a multibillion-dollar market that generates hundreds of thousands of jobs worldwide. This disease is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. In Brazil, the largest producer and exporter of concentrate orange juice, the control of citrus canker is exerted by integrated management practices, in which cupric solutions are intensively used in the orchards to refrain bacterial spreading. Copper ions accumulate and are as heavy metals toxic to the environment. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to evaluate bifunctional fusion proteins (BiFuProts) as novel and bio-/peptide-based alternatives to copper formulations to control citrus canker. BiFuProts are composed of an anchor peptide able to bind to citrus leaves, and an antimicrobial "killer" peptide to protect against bacterial infections of plants. The selected BiFuProt (Mel-CgDEF) was bactericidal against X. citri at 125 μg mL-1, targeting the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane within the first minutes of contact. The results in the greenhouse assays proved that Mel-CgDEF at 250 μg mL-1 provided protection against X. citri infection on the leaves, significantly reducing the number of lesions by area when compared with the controls. Overall, the present work showed that the BiFuProt Mel-CgDEF is a biobased and biodegradable possible alternative for substitute cupric formulations. KEY POINTS: • The bifunctional fusion protein Mel-CgDEF was effective against Xanthomonas citri. • Mel-CgDEF action mechanism was the disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane. • Mel-CgDEF protected citrus leaves against citrus canker disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Dilarri
- Department of Fisheries Engineering and Biological Sciences, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Rua Coronel Fernandes Martins 270, Postal code, Laguna, SC, 88790-000, Brazil
| | | | - Felix Jakob
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, Postal code, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, Postal code, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, Postal code, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Henrique Ferreira
- Institute of Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Department of General and Applied Biology, State University of Sao Paulo (UNESP), Avenida 24-A 1515, Postal code, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil.
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Hu B, Li J, Liu R, Lei G, Wang X, Wang L. Exposure to arsenic and other potentially toxic elements: health risk assessment and source analysis in the Wuming Basin, Guangxi Province, China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2835. [PMID: 38310166 PMCID: PMC10838325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Guangxi, China, is one of the world's largest karst regions where potential toxic elements tend to accumulate, resulting in high soil background values. This study explores the ecological risk, elemental baseline values, and sources of potential toxic elements in karst regions, expanding the research to include 21 common elements. The significance of this research lies in its implications for the management of potential toxic element pollution, the formulation of environmental quality standards, and soil remediation in karst areas. In this study, 12,547 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the study area. Pollution assessment and ecological risk evaluation of eight potential toxic elements (Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, and As) were conducted using the geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to analyze the total content of 21 common elements (Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, P, Cd, Hg, Co, Mn, Cr, V, I, S, As, pH, Se, N, CaO, Corg, Mo, and F). Additionally, the potential sources of 21 soil elements were preliminarily quantitatively analyzed using the principal component analysis-absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression receptor model. The results showed that (1) Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, V, and As were enriched in the research area and Ca, Cd, Mn, Mo, Hg, As, and Cu might have been influenced by human activities; (2) Cr, Pb, As, and Zn were generally lightly polluted, with Hg having a moderate potential ecological risk level; and (3) Ni and Zn have contributions of 37.99% and 35.07% from geological sources, agricultural fertilization, and pesticides. Mo, V, Cr, Se, Hg, and As exhibit contributions ranging from 39.44 to 59.22% originating from geological backgrounds and human activities. Corg, S, N, and P show contributions of 45.39% to 80.33% from surface vegetation. F, Co, Mn, and Pb have contributions ranging from 31.63 to 47.93% from acidic rocks in the soil parent material, mining activities, and transportation. Cd and CaO derive 31.67% and 40.23%, respectively, from soil parent material and industrial sources. I has 31.94% from geological background and human activities, and 31.95% from soil parent material and atmospheric sources. Cu has 30.56% from geological sources. The study results can serve as a scientific basis for element research in karst areas domestically and internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, 175 Mingxiu East St., Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Geological Survey of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoxin Lei
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Geological Survey of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Geological Survey of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
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Schoffer JT, Solari F, Petit-Dit-Grézériat L, Pelosi C, Ginocchio R, Yáñez C, Mazuela P, Neaman A. The downside of copper pesticides: An earthworm's perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16076-16084. [PMID: 38240972 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of copper-based pesticides, while effective in controlling plant diseases, has been identified as a major source of copper contamination in soils. This raises concerns about potential adverse effects on earthworms, key players in soil health and ecosystem function. To inform sustainable pesticide practices, this study aimed to establish copper toxicity thresholds for earthworm avoidance in agricultural soils impacted by copper-based pesticides. We collected 40 topsoil samples (0-5 cm) from orchards and vineyards in the O'Higgins Region of central Chile, and 10 additional soils under native vegetation as background references. A standardized avoidance bioassay using Eisenia fetida assessed the impact of copper-based pesticides on the soils. Total copper concentrations ranged between 23 and 566 mg kg-1, with observed toxic effects on earthworms in certain soils. The effective concentration at 50% (EC50) for total soil copper, determined by Eisenia fetida's avoidance response, was 240 mg kg-1, with a 95% confidence interval of 193-341 mg kg-1. We further compared our EC50 values with existing data from agricultural soils impacted by mining activities. Interestingly, the results revealed a remarkable similarity between the thresholds for earthworm avoidance, regardless of the source of copper contamination. This observation underscores the universality of copper toxicity in agricultural ecosystems and its potential impact on soil biota. This study provides novel insights into copper toxicity thresholds for earthworms in real-world, pesticide-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Tomás Schoffer
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fiama Solari
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucas Petit-Dit-Grézériat
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, Avignon, France
- Avignon Université, IMBE, Pôle Agroscience, Avignon, France
| | - Céline Pelosi
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, Avignon, France
| | - Rosanna Ginocchio
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Yáñez
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pilar Mazuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Alexander Neaman
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
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Liao Q, Fu H, Shen C, Huang Y, Huang B, Hu C, Xiong X, Huang Y, Xin J. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of high and low Cd accumulating Brassica napus genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11873-11885. [PMID: 38224442 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a widely used and cost-effective technique for in situ remediation of heavy metals. Brassica napus L. genotype with high Cd accumulation and strong Cd tolerance is an ideal candidate for phytoremediation. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to select a Brassica napus genotype with either high or low Cd accumulation from a panel of 55 genotypes. The physiological mechanisms governing Cd accumulation and Cd tolerance were then explored. BN400 and BN147 were identified as the high and low Cd accumulating genotypes, respectively. Additionally, BN400 exhibited greater tolerance to Cd stress compared to BN147. Root morphology analysis revealed that BN400 exhibited longer root length, smaller root surface area and root volume, and less root tips but bigger root diameter than BN147. Subcellular Cd distribution showed that the Cd concentrations in the cell wall and vacuole in shoot were significantly higher in BN400 than in BN147, whereas the opposite trend was observed in the roots.. Pectate/protein-integrated Cd was found to be the predominant form of Cd in both shoots and roots, with significantly higher levels in BN400 compared to BN147 in the shoot, but the opposite trend was observed in the roots. These results suggest that the long fine roots play a role in Cd accumulation. The high Cd accumulating genotype was able to retain Cd in leaf cell walls and vacuoles, and Cd was mainly present in the form of pectate/protein-integrated Cd, which contributes to its strong Cd tolerance. These findings have important implications for the screening and breeding of Brassica napus genotypes with high Cd accumulation for phytoremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Huilin Fu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Chuang Shen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Baifei Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Chongyang Hu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaokang Xiong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Junliang Xin
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China.
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Adhikari A, Kwon EH, Khan MA, Shaffique S, Kang SM, Lee IJ. Enhanced use of chemical fertilizers and mitigation of heavy metal toxicity using biochar and the soil fungus Bipolaris maydis AF7 in rice: Genomic and metabolomic perspectives. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115938. [PMID: 38218102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are the primary source of crop nutrition; however, their increasing rate of application has created environmental hazards, such as heavy metal toxicity and eutrophication. The synchronized use of chemical fertilizers and eco-friendly biological tools, such as microorganisms and biochar, may provide an efficient foundation to promote sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the current study aimed to optimize the nutrient uptake using an inorganic fertilizer, sulfate of potash (SOP) from the plant growth-promoting fungus Bipolaris maydis AF7, and biochar under heavy metal toxicity conditions in rice. Bioassay analysis showed that AF7 has high resistance to heavy metals and a tendency to produce gibberellin, colonize the fertilizer, and increase the intake of free amino acids. In the plant experiment, the co-application of AF7 +Biochar+MNF+SOP significantly lowered the heavy metal toxicity, enhanced the nutrient uptake in the rice shoots, and improved the morphological attributes (total biomass). Moreover, the co-application augmented the glucose and sucrose levels, whereas it significantly lowered the endogenous phytohormone levels (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid) in the rice shoots. The increase in nutrient content aligns with the higher expression of the OsLSi6, PHT1, and OsHKT1 genes. The plant growth traits and heavy metal tolerance of AF7 were validated by whole-genome sequencing that showed the presence of the heavy metal tolerance and detoxification protein, siderophore iron transporter, Gibberellin cluster GA4 desaturase, and DES_1 genes, as well as others that regulate glucose, antioxidants, and amino acids. Because the AF7 +biochar+inorganic fertilizer works synergistically, nutrient availability to the crops could be improved, and heavy metal toxicity and environmental hazards could be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Adhikari
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Kwon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Shifa Shaffique
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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Garau M, Pinna MV, Nieddu M, Castaldi P, Garau G. Mixing Compost and Biochar Can Enhance the Chemical and Biological Recovery of Soils Contaminated by Potentially Toxic Elements. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:284. [PMID: 38256837 PMCID: PMC10818981 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Biochar and compost are able to influence the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil. As such, they can be useful in restoring the functionality of contaminated soils, albeit their effectiveness can vary substantially depending on the chemical and/or the (micro)biological endpoint that is targeted. To better explore the potential of the two amendments in the restoration of PTE-contaminated soils, biochar, compost (separately added at 3% w/w), and their mixtures (1:1, 3:1, and 1:3 biochar-to-compost ratios) were added to contaminated soil (i.e., 2362 mg kg-1 of Sb and 2801 mg kg-1 of Zn). Compost and its mixtures promoted an increase in soil fertility (e.g., total N; extractable P; and exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg), which was not found in the soil treated with biochar alone. All the tested amendments substantially reduced labile Zn in soil, while biochar alone was the most effective in reducing labile Sb in the treated soils (-11% vs. control), followed by compost (-4%) and biochar-compost mixtures (-8%). Compost (especially alone) increased soil biochemical activities (e.g., dehydrogenase, urease, and β-glucosidase), as well as soil respiration and the potential catabolic activity of soil microbial communities, while biochar alone (probably due to its high adsorptive capacity towards nutrients) mostly exhibited an inhibitory effect, which was partially mitigated in soils treated with both amendments. Overall, the biochar-compost combinations had a synergistic effect on both amendments, i.e., reducing PTE mobility and restoring soil biological functionality at the same time. This finding was supported by plant growth trials which showed increased Sb and Zn mineralomass values for rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) grown on biochar-compost mixtures, suggesting a potential use of rigid ryegrass in the compost-biochar-assisted phytoremediation of PTE-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Pinna
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Maria Nieddu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Castaldi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
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Yunta F, Schillaci C, Panagos P, Van Eynde E, Wojda P, Jones A. Quantitative analysis of the compliance of EU Sewage Sludge Directive by using the heavy metal concentrations from LUCAS topsoil database. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-31835-y. [PMID: 38228950 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31835-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In the European Union (EU), a common understanding of the potential harmful effect of sewage sludge (SS) on the environment is regulated by the Sewage Sludge Directive 86/278/EEC (SSD). Limit values (LVs) for concentrations of heavy metals in soil are listed in Impact Assessment of this directive, and they were transposed by EU member states using different criteria. Member states adopted either single limit values or based on soil factors such as pH and texture to define the maximum limit values for concentrations of heavy metals in soils. Our work presents the first quantitative analysis of the SSD at the European level by using the Land Use and Coverage Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) 2009 topsoil database. The reference values at the European level were arranged taking into account the upper value (EU_UL) and the lower value (EU_LL) for each heavy metal (arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, mercury, nickel, lead, and zinc) as well as taking into account the pH of the soil (cadmium, copper, mercury, nickel, lead, and zinc) as introduced in the SSD Annex IA. Single and integrated contamination rate indices were developed to identify those agricultural soils that exceeded the reference values for each heavy metal. In total, 10%, 36%, and 19% of the LUCAS 2009 topsoil samples exceeded the limit values. Additionally, 12% and 16% of agricultural soils exceeded the concentration of at least one single heavy metal when European LVs were fixed following the soil pH in Strategy II compared to those national ones in Strategy I. Generally, all member states apply similar or stricter limit values than those laid down in the SSD. Our work indicates that choosing LVs quantitatively affects further actions such as monitoring and remediation of contaminated soils. The actual soil parameters, such as heavy metal concentrations and soil pH values from the LUCAS 2009 topsoil database, could be used by SSD-involved policy stakeholders not only to lay down the LVs for concentrations of heavy metal in soils but also for monitoring the SSD compliance grade by using the LUCAS surveys over time (past and upcoming LUCAS datasets).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Yunta
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | | | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Elise Van Eynde
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Piotr Wojda
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Arwyn Jones
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
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Rizwan M, Murtaza G, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Iqbal R, Ahmed Z, Khan I, Siddique KHM, Leng L, Li H. Tuning active sites on biochars for remediation of mercury-contaminated soil: A comprehensive review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115916. [PMID: 38171108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contamination is acknowledged as a global issue and has generated concerns globally due to its toxicity and persistence. Tunable surface-active sites (SASs) are one of the key features of efficient BCs for Hg remediation, and detailed documentation of their interactions with metal ions in soil medium is essential to support the applications of functionalized BC for Hg remediation. Although a specific active site exhibits identical behavior during the adsorption process, a systematic documentation of their syntheses and interactions with various metal ions in soil medium is crucial to promote the applications of functionalized biochars in Hg remediation. Hence, we summarized the BC's impact on Hg mobility in soils and discussed the potential mechanisms and role of various SASs of BC for Hg remediation, including oxygen-, nitrogen-, sulfur-, and X (chlorine, bromine, iodine)- functional groups (FGs), surface area, pores and pH. The review also categorized synthesis routes to introduce oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur to BC surfaces to enhance their Hg adsorptive properties. Last but not the least, the direct mechanisms (e.g., Hg- BC binding) and indirect mechanisms (i.e., BC has a significant impact on the cycling of sulfur and thus the Hg-soil binding) that can be used to explain the adverse effects of BC on plants and microorganisms, as well as other related consequences and risk reduction strategies were highlighted. The future perspective will focus on functional BC for multiple heavy metal remediation and other potential applications; hence, future work should focus on designing intelligent/artificial BC for multiple purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 848300, China
| | - Imran Khan
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6001, Australia.
| | - Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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Dikšaitytė A, Kniuipytė I, Žaltauskaitė J, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Asard H, AbdElgawad H. Enhanced Cd phytoextraction by rapeseed under future climate as a consequence of higher sensitivity of HMA genes and better photosynthetic performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168164. [PMID: 37914112 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the underlying physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms responsible for Brassica napu's potential to remediate Cd-contaminated soil under current (CC) vs. future (FC) climate (400 vs. 800 ppm of CO2, 21/14 °C vs. 25/18 °C). B. napus exhibited good tolerance to low Cd treatments (Cd-1, Cd-10, i.e., 1, 10 mg kg-1) under both climates without visible phytotoxicity symptoms. TI sharply decreased by 47 % and 68 % (p < 0.05), respectively, in Cd-50 and Cd-100 treated shoots under CC, but to a lesser extent (-26 % and -53 %, p < 0.05) under FC. This agreed with increased photosynthetic apparatus performance under FC, primarily due to a significant decrease in the closure of active PSII RCs ((dV/dt)o, TRo/RC) and less dissipated excitation energy (DIo/RC, φDo). Calvin Benson cycle-related enzyme activity also improved under FC with 2.2-fold and 2.4-fold (p < 0.05) increases in Rubisco and TPI under Cd-50 and Cd-100, respectively. Consequentially, a 2.2-fold and 2.3-fold (p < 0.05) boosted Pr resulted in a 2.3-fold and 2.4-fold (p < 0.05) increase in the DW of Cd-50 and Cd-100 treated shoots, respectively. This also led to a decrease (26 %, p < 0.05) in shoot Cd concentration under both high Cd treatments with a slight reduction in BCF. Translocation factor (TF) decreased (on average 42 %, p < 0.05) by high Cd treatments under both climates. However, under Cd-100, FC increased TF by 1.7-fold (p < 0.05) compared to CC, which could be explained by significant increases in the expression of HMA genes, especially BnaHMA4a and BnaHMA4c. Finally, Cd TU increased under FC by 65 % and 76 % (p < 0.05) under Cd-50 and Cd-100. This led to a shorter hypothetical remediation time for reaching the Cd pollution limit by 35 (p > 0.05) and 61 (p < 0.05) years, respectively, compared to CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austra Dikšaitytė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Universiteto st. 10, LT-53361 Akademija, Kaunas distr., Lithuania.
| | - Inesa Kniuipytė
- Lithuanian Energy Institute, Laboratory of Heat-Equipment Research and Testing, Breslaujos st. 3, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Žaltauskaitė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Universiteto st. 10, LT-53361 Akademija, Kaunas distr., Lithuania
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Asard
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Munshed M, Van Griensven Thé J, Fraser R, Matthews B, Elkamel A. Country-Wide Ecological Health Assessment Methodology for Air Toxics: Bridging Gaps in Ecosystem Impact Understanding and Policy Foundations. TOXICS 2024; 12:42. [PMID: 38250998 PMCID: PMC10820021 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Amid the growing concerns about air toxics from pollution sources, much emphasis has been placed on their impacts on human health. However, there has been limited research conducted to assess the cumulative country-wide impact of air toxics on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as the complex interactions within food webs. Traditional approaches, including those of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), lack versatility in addressing diverse emission sources and their distinct ecological repercussions. This study addresses these gaps by introducing the Ecological Health Assessment Methodology (EHAM), a novel approach that transcends traditional methods by enabling both comprehensive country-wide and detailed regional ecological risk assessments across terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. EHAM also advances the field by developing new food-chain multipliers (magnification factors) for localized ecosystem food web models. Employing traditional ecological multimedia risk assessment of toxics' fate and transport techniques as its foundation, this study extends US EPA methodologies to a broader range of emission sources. The quantification of risk estimation employs the quotient method, which yields an ecological screening quotient (ESQ). Utilizing Kuwait as a case study for the application of this methodology, this study's findings for data from 2017 indicate a substantial ecological risk in Kuwait's coastal zone, with cumulative ESQ values reaching as high as 3.12 × 103 for carnivorous shorebirds, contrasted by negligible risks in the inland and production zones, where ESQ values for all groups are consistently below 1.0. By analyzing the toxicity reference value (TRV) against the expected daily exposure of receptors to air toxics, the proposed methodology provides valuable insights into the potential ecological risks and their subsequent impacts on ecological populations. The present contribution aims to deepen the understanding of the ecological health implications of air toxics and lay the foundation for informed, ecology-driven policymaking, underscoring the need for measures to mitigate these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Munshed
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Jesse Van Griensven Thé
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Roydon Fraser
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bryan Matthews
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Ali Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Kopf A, Bunk B, Riedel T, Schröttner P. The zoonotic pathogen Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica - current findings from a clinical and genomic perspective. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:3. [PMID: 38172653 PMCID: PMC10763324 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic pathogen Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica can cause several diseases in humans, including sepsis and bacteremia. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, the bacterium is thought to enter traumatic skin lesions via fly larvae, resulting in severe myiasis and/or wound contamination. Infections are typically associated with, but not limited to, infestation of an open wound by fly larvae, poor sanitary conditions, cardiovascular disease, substance abuse, and osteomyelitis. W. chitiniclastica is generally sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics with the exception of fosfomycin. However, increasing drug resistance has been observed and its development should be monitored with caution. In this review, we summarize the currently available knowledge and evaluate it from both a clinical and a genomic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kopf
- Clinic for Cardiology, Sana Heart Center, Leipziger Str. 50, 03048, Cottbus, Germany
- 2nd Medical Clinic for Hematology, Oncology, Pneumology and Nephrology, Carl-Thiem Hospital Cottbus gGmbH, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Boyke Bunk
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Inhoffenstrasse 7 B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Riedel
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Inhoffenstrasse 7 B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Percy Schröttner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Adetutu A, Aborisade AB, Ogunsina FA, Adegbola PI, Olaniyi TD. Ginger mitigated the health risks associated with arsenic-contamination of rats feed via inflammatory and apoptosis regulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115768. [PMID: 38064790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Millions of people around the world are inadvertently exposed to arsenic through drinking water and food. However, food spices possess antioxidants and anti-inflammatory potentials. Therefore, this study evaluated the protective potentials of Zingiber officinale (ginger) against the toxic effects of arsenic in male Wistar rats. Thirty-six Wistar rats were assigned into 6 groups (n = 6); group A1 and A2 (control), group B1 and B2 were fed with arsenic-contaminated feed (3.45x10-3 mg/kg), group C1 and C2 were feed with arsenic-contaminated feed (3.45x10-3 mg) supplemented with ginger respectively for 12 and 24 weeks. The blood, bone marrow, and liver of rats were harvested and prepared for various analyses. Micronucleus and Comet analysis were performed for the genotoxicity assessment every 4 weeks. Activities of AST, ALT, GGT, and SOD, and the concentration of GSH, MDA, protein carbonyl, protein thiol, and total protein, were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Quantification of IL-10, 1 L-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β NF-Ƙβ, and 8-oxodeoxyguanosine was done by ELISA method while Bax, Bcl2, and Erk 1/2 were quantified by immuno-histochemical staining. mRNA expression of cyclin D1 was quantified using qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS and statistical significance was accepted when p<0.05. Result showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in the haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell, lymphocyte counts, tail DNA and MnPCE of rats fed arsenic-contaminated feed compared with control. The supplementation with ginger significantly reduced serum activities of AST and GGT (p<0.05). Ginger supplementation also lowered the arsenic indued increases in liver MDA, protein carbonyl and 8-OXdG levels. Ginger restores to near normal the histological changes due to arsenic exposure. In the arsenic-exposed group, liver IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α decreased significantly (p<0.05) at week 24 whereas, NF-Ƙβ and TGF-β increased significantly (p 0.05) at weeks 12 and 24 and TNF-α, Bcl2 at week 24. mRNA expression of cyclin D1 was significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in the arsenic and ginger-supplemented groups. This study showed that long-term consumption of arsenic resulted in immunosuppression, anaemia and activated anti-apoptotic process that was mitigated due to ginger supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Adetutu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Bukunmi Aborisade
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Faith Ayotunde Ogunsina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Temitope Deborah Olaniyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
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Yang S, Zhou Q, Sun L, Sun Y, Qin Q, Song K, Zhu Z, Liu X, Xue Y. A prospective health risks analysis of regulatory limits for heavy metals in rice from representative organizations and countries worldwide: Are they protective? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167130. [PMID: 37751841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination in rice has been one of the most public concerns globally; thus, many countries and organizations issued the maximum acceptable limits (MALs) of their concentrations in rice to regulate food safety and health risks. However, the applicability of these MALs has rarely been thoroughly evaluated. This study collected the MALs of heavy metals for rice from representative countries and organizations around the world. We assessed the critical health risks in the case of metal concentrations that reached the MALs for the first time. Results showed great variability of rice regulation limits owing to different processing methods (paddy, polished, and brown rice) and metal types (mainly focusing on inorganic As, Cd, and Pb). Risk analysis revealed that the inorganic As limits and part of Cd limits for polished rice generated relatively high health risks, indicating that their risks may be underestimated. Monte Carlo simulation further showed that the daily intake rate of rice (IRrice) is the largest contributor to total variances for the derivation of MALs, and regulation limits decreased with the augment of IRrice. Overall, we suggest a cautious reduction in the allowable limits of certain metals (such as inorganic As and part of Cd) in rice as their health risks and toxicity may be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Yang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Qianhang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Ke Song
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhu
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China.
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Islam M, Ferrarini A, Ali A, Kam J, Trindade LM, Clifton-Brown J, Amaducci S. Assessment of Drought and Zinc Stress Tolerance of Novel Miscanthus Hybrids and Arundo donax Clones Using Physiological, Biochemical, and Morphological Traits. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1525. [PMID: 38132351 PMCID: PMC10741058 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
High-yield potential perennial crops, such as Miscanthus spp. and Arundo donax are amongst the most promising sources of sustainable biomass for bioproducts and bioenergy. Although several studies assessed the agronomic performance of these species on diverse marginal lands, research to date on drought and zinc (Zn) resistance is scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the drought and Zn stress tolerance of seven novel Miscanthus hybrids and seven Arundo clones originating from different parts of Italy. We subjected both species to severe drought (less than 30%), and Zn stress (400 mg/kg-1 of ZnSO4) separately, after one month of growth. All plants were harvested after 28 days of stress, and the relative drought and Zn stress tolerance were determined by using a set of morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass attributes in relation to stress tolerance indices (STI). Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and stress tolerance indices (STI) were performed for each morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass parameters and showed significant relative differences among the seven genotypes of both crops. Heatmaps of these indices showed how the different genotypes clustered into four groups. Considering PCA ranking value, Miscanthus hybrid GRC10 (8.11) and Arundo clone PC1 (11.34) had the highest-ranking value under both stresses indicating these hybrids and clones are the most tolerant to drought and Zn stress. In contrast, hybrid GRC3 (-3.33 lowest ranking value) and clone CT2 (-5.84) were found to be the most sensitive to both drought and Zn stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monirul Islam
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Andrea Ferrarini
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Jason Kam
- Terravesta, Unit 4 Riverside Court, Skellingthorpe Road, Lincoln LN1 5AB, UK
| | - Luisa M. Trindade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK;
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung I, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Interdisziplinäres Forschungszentrum iFZ, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefano Amaducci
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
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Adhikari A, Aneefi AG, Sisuvanh H, Singkham S, Pius MV, Akter F, Kwon EH, Kang SM, Woo YJ, Yun BW, Lee IJ. Dynamics of Humic Acid, Silicon, and Biochar under Heavy Metal, Drought, and Salinity with Special Reference to Phytohormones, Antioxidants, and Melatonin Synthesis in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17369. [PMID: 38139197 PMCID: PMC10743973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a biostimulant formulation using humic acid (HA), silicon, and biochar alone or in combination to alleviate the lethality induced by combined heavy metals (HM-C; As, Cd, and Pb), drought stress (DS; 30-40% soil moisture), and salt stress (SS; 150 mM NaCl) in rice. The results showed that HA, Si, and biochar application alone or in combination improved plant growth under normal, DS, and SS conditions significantly. However, HA increased the lethality of rice by increasing the As, Cd, and Pb uptake significantly, thereby elevating lipid peroxidation. Co-application reduced abscisic acid, elevated salicylic acid, and optimized the Ca2+ and Si uptake. This subsequently elevated the K+/Na+ influx and efflux by regulating the metal ion regulators (Si: Lsi1 and Lsi2; K+/Na+: OsNHX1) and increased the expressions of the stress-response genes OsMTP1 and OsNramp in the rice shoots. Melatonin synthesis was significantly elevated by HM-C (130%), which was reduced by 50% with the HA + Si + biochar treatment. However, in the SS- and DS-induced crops, the melatonin content showed only minor differences. These findings suggest that the biostimulant formulation could be used to mitigate SS and DS, and precautions should be taken when using HA for heavy metal detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (A.A.); (A.G.A.); (H.S.); (S.S.); (M.V.P.); (F.A.); (E.-H.K.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-J.W.); (B.-W.Y.)
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Pavlík Z, Záleská M, Pavlíková M, Pivák A, Nábělková J, Jankovský O, Jiříčková A, Chmel O, Průša F. Simultaneous Immobilization of Heavy Metals in MKPC-Based Mortar-Experimental Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7525. [PMID: 38138666 PMCID: PMC10744662 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination, associated with the increase in industrial production and the development of the population in general, poses a significant risk in terms of the contamination of soil, water, and, consequently, industrial plants and human health. The presence of ecotoxic heavy metals (HMs) thus significantly limits the sustainable development of society and contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the environment as a whole. For this reason, the stabilization and immobilization of heavy metals is a very topical issue. This paper deals with the possibility of the simultaneous immobilization of heavy metals (Ba2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) in mortar based on magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC). The structural, mechanical, and hygric parameters of mortars artificially contaminated with heavy metals in the form of salt solutions were investigated together with the formed hydration products. In the leachates of the prepared samples, the content of HMs was measured and the immobilization ratio of each HM was determined. The immobilization rate of all the investigated HMs was >98.7%, which gave information about the effectiveness of the MKPC-based matrix for HM stabilization. Furthermore, the content of HMs in the leachates was below the prescribed limits for non-hazardous waste that can be safely treated without any environmental risks. Although the presence of heavy metals led to a reduction in the strength of the prepared mortar (46.5% and 57.3% in compressive and flexural strength, respectively), its mechanical resistance remained high enough for many construction applications. Moreover, the low values of the parameters characterizing the water transport (water absorption coefficient Aw = 4.26 × 10-3 kg·m-2·s-1/2 and sorptivity S = 4.0 × 10-6 m·s-1/2) clearly demonstrate the limited possibility of the leaching of heavy metals from the MKPC matrix structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbyšek Pavlík
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Martina Záleská
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Milena Pavlíková
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Pivák
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Jana Nábělková
- Department of Sanitary and Ecological Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ondřej Jankovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Adéla Jiříčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Oskar Chmel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Filip Průša
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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