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Huang R, Wu Z, Zhao X, Li F, Wang W, Guo Y, Li Z, Wu J. Pfaffia glomerata is a hyperaccumulator candidate: Cd and Zn tolerance, absorption, transfer, and distribution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114196. [PMID: 36252514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pfaffia glomerata is a candidate for phytoremediation due to its high biomass and high bioaccumulation efficiency of multiple heavy metals. It is essential to further evaluate its tolerance, absorption, transfer, and distribution to multiple heavy metals. In the current study, we evaluated the tolerance, absorption, transfer, and distribution of P. glomerata in a Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn combined-contaminated environment by two hydroponic experiments. The results demonstrated that P. glomerata was not affected by Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn exposure, except for the 50 μM Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn treatment, which significantly decreased the stem biomass. In a single Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn exposure, the root of P. glomerata absorbed Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn in the order of Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu. Almost all Pb and Cu accumulated in the plant roots and were hardly transferred to the aboveground parts. Therefore, the order of total Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn extraction of a single plant in multiple Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn exposures at the same concentration was Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Cd and Zn in roots, stems, and leaves increased with the concentration of Cd and Zn in the solution, and was > 1. In contrast with Cd and Zn, the BCFs of Cu and Pb in the stems and leaves were < 1. The element distribution of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Mn in the stem of P. glomerata was dispersed, indicating that the stem of P. glomerata does not have a detoxification mechanism for distributing metals to the area of low biological activity. The total amount of tartaric acid, critic acid, and DOC secreted by P. glomerata roots decreased with the increase in Cd/Pb/Cu/Zn exposure. However, further investigation is needed to unravel the interaction between the LMWOAs secreted by the root of P. glomerata and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Xinlin Zhao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Feng Li
- Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, and the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410221, China.
| | - Zhian Li
- Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, and the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, and the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Gul I, Manzoor M, Hashim N, Shah GM, Waani SPT, Shahid M, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J, Arshad M. Challenges in microbially and chelate-assisted phytoextraction of cadmium and lead - A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117667. [PMID: 34426392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitously present in surface soils, due to anthropogenic activities, causing threat to ecological and human health because of their carcinogenic nature. They accumulate in large quantities in the environment and affect negatively soil microbiota, plants, animals, and humans. For the cleanup of Cd/Pb polluted soils, different plant species have been studied. Many plants have shown the potential to hyperaccumulate Cd/Pb in their above-ground tissues. These plants decrease soil pH by root exudation or by releasing H+ ions, and this, in turn, increases the bioavailability of Cd/Pb for plant uptake. Different environmental processes related to soil organic matter, microorganisms, pH, genetic modifications, and various soil-borne chelating agents affect the potential of phytoremediation technology. Review papers trying to identify a single factor influencing the phytoremediation of heavy metals are available in the literature. However, an integrated approach dealing with different factors involved in the remediation of both metals is scarcely discussed. The main focus of this review is to discuss the phytoextraction technique for Cd/Pb removal from contaminated sites along with detoxification mechanisms. Further, the challenges in the Cd/Pb phytoextraction and different options available to cope with these challenges are also discussed. The update on the relevant findings on the use of microorganisms and amendments in enhancing the Cd/Pb phytoextraction is also provided. Finally, the areas to be explored in future research for the removal of Cd/Pb by integrated strategies have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Gul
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Maria Manzoor
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Hashim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Sayyada Phziya Tariq Waani
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Diarra I, Kotra KK, Prasad S. Assessment of biodegradable chelating agents in the phytoextraction of heavy metals from multi-metal contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:128483. [PMID: 33129560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pot incubation experiment under natural conditions was designed to investigate the effects of three biodegradable chelating agents, namely; the [S,S]-isomer of ethylenediamine disuccinate (EDDS), citric acid (CA), and tetrasodium N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate acid (GLDA), on two plant species (Brassica juncea and Brassica rapa) in terms of plant foliar growth, dry matter yield, and heavy metal (HM) accumulation. Both plant species exhibited diminished growth and symptoms of phytotoxicity under HM stress. The application of EDDS and CA affected plant foliar growth, biomass production, and led to the development of chlorotic lesions on leaves. EDDS and CA also decreased the shoot length by 38.5% and 45.2% in B. juncea, and 60.1% and 100% in B. rapa, respectively. In contrast, GLDA relieved HM stress by significantly increasing plant growth (P > 0.05) and was shown to be well tolerated (tolerance index [TI]; B. juncea = 99% and B. rapa = 123%). Among both plants, B. juncea displayed the ability to accumulate a wider range of HMs at higher concentrations. Amongst the three chelators, EDDS induced the highest bioconcentration (BCF) of Pb (2.45), Zn (2.68), and Cd (3.36) while CA achieved better results for Ni (4.01) and Cr (1.45). However, the current results showed that even with the application of chelating agents, HMs were predominantly accumulated in roots and translocation factor was generally <1. The findings of this investigation emphasize that chelate-assisted phytoextraction with Brassica spp. is highly limited in multi-metal settings, making it an unsuitable option for severely contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Diarra
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
| | - Krishna Kumar Kotra
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Emalus Campus, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - Surendra Prasad
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji.
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Tao Q, Zhao J, Li J, Liu Y, Luo J, Yuan S, Li B, Li Q, Xu Q, Yu X, Huang H, Li T, Wang C. Unique root exudate tartaric acid enhanced cadmium mobilization and uptake in Cd-hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121177. [PMID: 31648122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA) involved in heavy metal tolerance, translocation, and accumulation in plants. However, underlying mechanism of LMWOA secretion in metal mobilization and uptake in hyperaccumulator still need to be identified. In this study, a 13C labeling rhizobox was designed to investigate the composition and distribution of LMWOA in the rhizosphere of S. alfredii. The result showed that about 2.30%, 2.25% and 2.35% of the assimilated 13C was incorporated into oxalic acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid in rhizosphere of S. alfredii after 13CO2 assimilation, respectively. Oxalic acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid were the predominant LMWOA in rhizosphere soil solution of hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) S. alfredii, however, almost no tartaric acid was detected for non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). Tartaric acid was identified as the unique root exudate from HE S. alfredii which was mainly distributed within the range of rhizosphere 0-6 mm. Tartaric acid significantly increased the solubility of four Cd minerals. HE S. alfredii treated with tartrate + CdCO3 had higher Cd contents and larger biomass than CdCO3 treatment. Cadmium accumulation in HE S. alfredii was promoted by the exudation of tartaric acid, which was highly efficient in Cd solubilization due to the formation of soluble Cd-tartrate complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junwen Zhao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jinxing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yuankun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Jipeng Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huagang Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tingqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Zhou X, Li H, Liu D, Hao J, Liu H, Lu X. Effects of toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on sorption of Pb (II) in red and black soils: equilibrium and kinetics aspects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 360:172-181. [PMID: 30099360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bt crops have been widely commercialized for cultivation in the world, but as yet, the effects of Bt toxin on sorption of heavy metals in soils has not been reported. In this study, the effects of toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis on Pb (II) sorption by red (Ultisol) and black soil (Vertisol) were studied using the batch method. The results showed that Pb(II) sorption by both soil types decreased in the presence of Bt toxin from 0 to 10 mg/L, which was probably due to the sorptive sites competition and Pb-toxin complex formation. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted well to the sorption data at different Bt toxin additions. The sorption capacity of black soil for Pb (II) was higher than that of red soil, however, the influential trends of Bt toxin to the maximum capacity of Pb (II) in both soils was reversed. Sorption of Pb (II) in both soils was rapid and reached equilibrium within 80 min, following the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Decreasing sorption of Pb (II) by red and black soils was observed in the presence of Bt toxin, suggesting that the environmental risk of Pb(II) may increase if Bt toxin is released by Bt crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyong Zhou
- Tianjin Engineering and Technology Research Center of Agricultural Products Processing, College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Hang Li
- Tianjin Engineering and Technology Research Center of Agricultural Products Processing, College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Daying Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jianchao Hao
- College of Agronomy, Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Huifen Liu
- College of Agronomy, Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xianzhi Lu
- College of Agronomy, Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, PR China
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Neu S, Müller I, Herzig R, Dudel EG. Trace elements bioavailability to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown subsequent to high biomass plants in a greenhouse study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:574-580. [PMID: 29688048 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1405377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multielement-contaminated agricultural land requires the adaptation of agronomic practices to meet legal requirements for safe biomass production. The incorporation of bioenergy plants with, at least, moderate phytoextraction capacity into crop rotations with cereals can affect trace elements (TE) phytoavailability and, simultaneously, constitute economic revenues for farmers outside the food or forage sector. Hence, in a crop rotation pot study sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), modified for high biomass and TE accumulation by chemical mutagenesis, was compared to winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) as pre-crop. On two agricultural soils with different TE loads, the crops´ potential for phytoextraction and for impacts on TE uptake by subsequent winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied. The results showed that rape tolerated high-level mixed contamination with metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) and As more than sunflower. In both soils, labile metals concentration increased and soil acidity remained high following sunflower. Furthermore, enhanced grain As accumulation in subsequent wheat was observed. By contrast, soil acidity and Cd or Zn accumulation of subsequent wheat decreased following rape. In the short term, moderate phytoextraction was superimposed by nutrient use or rhizosphere effects of pre-crops, which should be carefully monitored when designing crop rotations for contaminated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Neu
- a Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden , Tharandt , Germany
| | - Ingo Müller
- b Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture, and Geology , Dresden, Pillnitz , Germany
| | - Rolf Herzig
- c Phytotech Foundation and AGB , Bern , Switzerland
| | - E Gert Dudel
- a Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden , Tharandt , Germany
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Fu H, Yu H, Li T, Zhang X. Influence of cadmium stress on root exudates of high cadmium accumulating rice line (Oryza sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 150:168-175. [PMID: 29276952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A hydroponic experiment with two different cadmium (Cd) accumulating rice lines of Lu527-8 (the high Cd accumulating rice line) and Lu527-4 (the normal rice line) was carried out to explore the links among Cd stress, root exudates and Cd accumulation. The results showed that (1) Cd stress increased quantities of organic acids, but had no effect on composition in root exudates of the two rice lines. In Cd treatments, the contents of every detected organic acid in root exudates of Lu527-8 were 1.76-2.43 times higher than those of Lu527-4. Significant positive correlations between organic acids contents and Cd contents in plants were observed in both rice lines, except that malic acid was only highly relevant to Lu527-8, but not to Lu527-4. (2) Both composition and quantities of amino acids in root exudates changed a lot under Cd stress and this change differed in two rice lines. In control, four amino acids (glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine and histidine) were detected in two rice lines. Under Cd stress, eight amino acids in Lu527-8 and seven amino acids in Lu527-4 could be detected, among which phenylalanine was only secreted by Lu527-8 and alanine, methionine and lysine were secreted by both rice lines. The contents of those four newly secreted amino acids from Lu527-8 increased significantly with the increase of Cd dose and each had a high-positive correlation with Cd contents, but the same change did not appear in Lu527-4. The difference between two rice lines in secretion of organic acids and amino acids may be related to their different Cd uptake properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Fu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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Capuana M, Colzi I, Buccianti A, Coppi A, Palm E, Del Bubba M, Gonnelli C. Paradoxical effects of density on measurement of copper tolerance in Silene paradoxa L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1331-1339. [PMID: 29086177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated if the assessment of tolerance to trace metals can depend on plant density in the experimental design. A non-metallicolous and a metallicolous populations of Silene paradoxa were hydroponically cultivated at increasing density and in both the absence (-Cu conditions) and excess of copper (+Cu conditions). In -Cu conditions, the metallicolous population showed a lower susceptibility to plant density in comparison to the non-metallicolous one, explained by a higher capacity of the metallicolous population to exploit resources. In +Cu conditions, an alleviating effect of increasing density was found in roots. Such effect was present to a greater extent in the non-metallicolous population, thus making the populations equally copper-tolerant at the highest density used. In shoots, an additive effect of increasing plant density to copper toxicity was reported. Its higher intensity in the metallicolous population reverted the copper tolerance relationship at the highest plant densities used. In both populations, a density-induced decrease in root copper accumulation was observed, thus concurring to the reported mitigation in +Cu conditions. Our work revealed the importance of density studies on the optimization of eco-toxicological bioassays and of metal tolerance assessment and it can be considered the first example of an alleviating effect of increasing plant number on copper stress in a metallophyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Capuana
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Polo Scientifico, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Colzi
- Department of Biology, Università di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonella Buccianti
- Department of Earth Science, Università di Firenze, via La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppi
- Department of Biology, Università di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Emily Palm
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Università di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gonnelli
- Department of Biology, Università di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121, Florence, Italy.
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Akhtar MJ, Ullah S, Ahmad I, Rauf A, Nadeem SM, Khan MY, Hussain S, Bulgariu L. Nickel phytoextraction through bacterial inoculation in Raphanus sativus. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 190:234-242. [PMID: 28992475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) viz. Bacillus sp. CIK-516 and Stenotrophomonas sp. CIK-517Y for improving the growth and Ni uptake of radish (Raphanus sativus) in the presence of four different levels of Ni contamination (0, 50, 100, 150 mg Ni kg-1 soil). Plant growth, dry biomass, chlorophyll and nitrogen contents were significantly reduced by the exogenous application of Ni, however, bacterial inoculation diluted the negative impacts of Ni stress on radish by improving these parameters. PGPR strain CIK-516 increased root length (9-27%), shoot length (8-27%), root dry biomass (2-32%), shoot dry biomass (9-51%), root girth (6-48%), total chlorophyll (4-38%) and shoot nitrogen contents (11-15%) in Ni contaminated and non-contaminated soils. Positive regulation of chlorophyll and nitrogen contents by the inoculated plants shows plant tolerance mechanism of Ni stress. Bacterial strain (CIK-516) exhibited indole acetic acid and 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase potentials which would have helped radish plant to stabilize in Ni contaminated soil and thereby increased Ni uptake (24-257 in shoot and 58-609 in root mg kg-1 dry biomass) and facilitated accumulation in radish (bioaccumulation factor = 0.6-1.7) depending upon soil Ni contamination. Based on the findings of this study, it might be suggested that inoculation with bacterial strain CIK-516 could be an efficient tool for enhanced Ni phytoextraction in radish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Javed Akhtar
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ullah
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Rauf
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Mahmood Nadeem
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Burewala, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yahya Khan
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Burewala, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Laura Bulgariu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Technical University Gheorghe Asachi of Iasi, 700050, Iasi, Romania
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Luo Q, Wang S, Sun LN, Wang H. Metabolic profiling of root exudates from two ecotypes of Sedum alfredii treated with Pb based on GC-MS. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39878. [PMID: 28051189 PMCID: PMC5209681 DOI: 10.1038/srep39878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an effective method to remediate Pb-contaminated soils and root exudates play an important role in this process. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and metabolomics method, this study focuses on the comparative metabolic profiling analysis of root exudates from the Pb-accumulating and non-accumulating ecotypes of Sedum alfredii treated with 0 and 50 μmol/L Pb. The results obtained show that plant type and Pb stress can significantly change the concentrations and species of root exudates, and fifteen compounds were identified and assumed to be potential biomarkers. Leaching experiments showed that l-alanine, l-proline and oxalic acid have a good effect to activate Pb in soil, glyceric acid and 2-hydroxyacetic acid have a general effect to activate Pb in soil. 4-Methylphenol and 2-methoxyphenol might be able to activate Pb in soil, glycerol and diethyleneglycol might be able to stabilize Pb in soil, but these activation effect and stabilization effect were all not obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Educatione, College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Educatione, College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Li-na Sun
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Educatione, College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Educatione, College of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
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Montiel-Rozas MM, Madejón E, Madejón P. Effect of heavy metals and organic matter on root exudates (low molecular weight organic acids) of herbaceous species: An assessment in sand and soil conditions under different levels of contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:273-281. [PMID: 27267743 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioavailability of heavy metals can be modified by different root exudates. Among them, low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) play an important role in this process. Three plant species (Poa annua, Medicago polymorpha and Malva sylvestris), potentially used for phytoremediation, have been assessed for both metal uptake and LMWOAs excretion in contaminated environments with different concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn. The experiments have been carried out in washed sand and in three contaminated soils where two organic amendments were added (biosolid compost and alperujo compost). The most abundant LMWOAs excreted by all studied plants were oxalic and malic acids, although citric and fumaric acids were also detected. The general tendency was that plants responded to an increase of heavy metal stress releasing higher amounts of LMWOAs. This is an efficient exclusion mechanism reducing the metal uptake and allowing the plant growth at high levels of contamination. In the experiment using wash sand as substrate, the organic acids composition and quantity depended mainly on plant species and metal contamination. M. polymorpha was the species that released the highest concentrations of LMWOAs, both in sand and in soils with no amendment addition, whereas a decrease of these acids was observed with the addition of amendments. Our results established a clear effect of organic matter on the composition and total amount of LMWOAs released. The increase of organic matter and nutrients, through amendments, improved the soil quality reducing phytotoxicity. As a result, organic acids exudates decreased and were solely composed of oxalic acid (except for M. polymorpha). The release of LMWOAs has proved to be an important mechanism against heavy metal stress, unique to each species and modifiable by means of organic amendment addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Montiel-Rozas
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, PO Box 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - E Madejón
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, PO Box 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - P Madejón
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, PO Box 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Du J, Hu X, Mu L, Ouyang S, Ren C, Du Y, Zhou Q. Root exudates as natural ligands that alter the properties of graphene oxide and environmental implications thereof. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16340k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Root exudates as natural ligands that alter the property of graphene oxide and environmental implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Li Mu
- Institute of Agro-environmental Protection
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Tianjin 300191
- China
| | - Shaohu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Chaoxiu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Yingda Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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13
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Luo Q, Sun L, Hu X, Zhou R. The variation of root exudates from the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii under cadmium stress: metabonomics analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115581. [PMID: 25545686 PMCID: PMC4278711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the variation of root exudates from the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii under the stress of cadmium (Cd). S. alfredii was cultured for 4 days in the nutrient solution spiked with CdCl2 at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 40, and 400 µM Cd after the pre-culture. The root exudates were collected and analyzed by GC-MS, and 62 compounds were identified. Of these compounds, the orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) showed that there were a distinct difference among the root exudates with different Cd treatments and 20 compounds resulting in this difference were found out. Changing tendencies in the relative content of these 20 compounds under the different Cd treatments were analyzed. These results indicated that trehalose, erythritol, naphthalene, d-pinitol and n-octacosane might be closely related to the Cd stabilization, phosphoric acid, tetradecanoic acid, oxalic acid, threonic acid and glycine could be attributed to the Cd mobilization, and mannitol, oleic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, fructose, octacosanol and ribitol could copy well with the Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeast University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation (Ministry of Education), Shenyang University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation (Ministry of Education), Shenyang University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeast University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiren Zhou
- College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Chen L, Gao S, Zhu P, Liu Y, Hu T, Zhang J. Comparative study of metal resistance and accumulation of lead and zinc in two poplars. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:390-405. [PMID: 24164303 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In our study, we tested two poplars, Populus beijingensis and Populus cathayana, as model species for their potential for phytoremediation by measuring changes in biomass, pigments, superoxide radicals (O2(-)), cellular ultrastructure and their ability for O2(-) quenching and heavy metal accumulation when exposed to Pb, Zn and their interaction in a hydroponic system. Exposure to Pb did not cause a significant decrease in biomass in either P. beijingensis or P. cathayana. Correspondingly, no obvious impairment in cellular organelles was observed in either species, although the former species translocated a higher fraction of Pb to its shoots than the latter. In contrast, there were significant decreases in biomass and pigment content, and serious impairments in ultrastructure in both species when exposed to either Zn alone or to a combined treatment. Under such conditions, P. beijingensis showed smaller losses of biomass and pigments but a greater ability to quench O2(-) and maintained relatively intact cellular organelles compared with P. cathayana. Under the combined stress, there were no obvious additive effects on biomass, pigments or cellular impairment, whereas synergistic effects on metal absorption and accumulation in both species were observed when compared with exposure to either alone. Thus, the attribute of synergistic uptake and translocation in both species validates their potential to remediate soil contaminated by multiple metals. Moreover, our results indicated that P. beijingensis is a better potential candidate for phytoremediation than P. cathayana, due to its greater phytoremediation efficiency as well as its higher tolerance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua Chen
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Lojková L, Vranová V, Rejšek K, Formánek P. Natural Occurrence of Enantiomers of Organic Compounds Versus Phytoremediations: Should Research on Phytoremediations Be Revisited? A Mini-review. Chirality 2013; 26:1-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Lojková
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Valerie Vranová
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Klement Rejšek
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Formánek
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
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Mackie KA, Müller T, Kandeler E. Remediation of copper in vineyards--a mini review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 167:16-26. [PMID: 22522314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Viticulturists use copper fungicide to combat Downy Mildew. Copper, a non-degradable heavy metal, can accumulate in soil or leach into water sources. Its accumulation in topsoil has impacted micro and macro organisms, spurring scientists to research in situ copper removal methods. Recent publications suggest that microorganism assisted phytoextraction, using plants and bacteria to actively extract copper, is most promising. As vineyards represent moderately polluted sites this technique has great potential. Active plant extraction and chelate assisted remediation extract too little copper or risk leaching, respectively. However, despite interesting pot experiment results using microorganism assisted phytoextraction, it remains a challenge to find plants that primarily accumulate copper in their shoots, a necessity in vineyards where whole plant removal would be time consuming and financially cumbersome. Vineyard remediation requires a holistic approach including sustainable soil management, proper plant selection, increasing biodiversity and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Mackie
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Section, University of Hohenheim, 27 Emil-Wolff-Straße, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Kumpiene J, Fitts JP, Mench M. Arsenic fractionation in mine spoils 10 years after aided phytostabilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 166:82-88. [PMID: 22481180 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aided phytostabilization using a combination of compost, zerovalent iron grit and coal fly ash (CZA) amendments and revegetation effectively promoted the biological recovery of mining spoils generated at a gold mine in Portugal. Selective dissolution of spoil samples in combination with solid phase characterization using microbeam X-ray absorption near edge structure (μXANES) spectroscopy and microbeam X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) mapping were used to assess As associations in spoils ten years after CZA treatment. The results show that As preferentially associates with poorly crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides as opposed to crystalline Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide phases. The crystalline Fe(III)-phases dominated in the treated spoil and exceeded those of the untreated spoil three-fold, but only 2.6-6.8% of total As was associated with this fraction. Correlation maps of As:Fe reveal that As in the CZA-treated spoils is primarily contained in surface coatings as precipitates and sorbates. Arsenic binding with poorly crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides did not inhibit As uptake by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurate Kumpiene
- Division of Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå SE-97187, Sweden.
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Cestone B, Cuypers A, Vangronsveld J, Sgherri C, Navari-Izzo F. The influence of EDDS on the metabolic and transcriptional responses induced by copper in hydroponically grown Brassica carinata seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 55:43-51. [PMID: 22522579 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To improve the knowledge about the use of plants for the removal of toxic metals from contaminated soils, metabolic and transcriptional responses of Brassica carinata to different forms of copper (Cu) were studied. Two-week-old hydroponically grown seedlings were exposed for 24 h to 30 μM CuSO₄ or CuEDDS. CuSO₄ appeared to be more toxic than CuEDDS as roots showed higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increased relative leakage ratios (RLR), although the superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) activity increased following both exposures. In CuSO₄-exposed seedlings the higher toxicity was underlined by increased transcription of lipoxygenases (EC 1.13.11.12) and NADPH oxidases (EC 1.6.99.6) and by the higher Cu accumulation in both tissues compared to CuEDDS exposure. The presence of EDDS increased Cu translocation, which resulted 5-times higher than when exposed to CuSO₄. Decreases in catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) activities together with increases of reduced glutathione (GSH) and tocopherols and a reduction of lipoic acid (LA) were observed in roots of CuSO₄-exposed seedlings. On the contrary, CuEDDS exposure induced a general increase in enzyme activities and decreases in ascorbate (AsA) and tocopherol levels. In the primary leaves, in both exposures Cu differently affected the oxidative stress responses indicating that the cellular redox balance was anyway maintained. EDDS plays a crucial role in B. carinata tolerance to oxidative stress induced by Cu and might be proposed to improve the efficiency of Cu phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Cestone
- Department of Biology of Agricultural Plants, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Schwitzguébel JP, Comino E, Plata N, Khalvati M. Is phytoremediation a sustainable and reliable approach to clean-up contaminated water and soil in Alpine areas? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 18:842-856. [PMID: 21465158 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE Phytoremediation does exploit natural plant physiological processes and can be used to decontaminate agricultural soils, industrial sites, brownfields, sediments and water containing inorganic and organic pollutants or to improve food chain safety by phytostabilisation of toxic elements. It is a low-cost and environment friendly technology targetting removal, degradation or immobilisation of contaminants. The aim of the present review is to highlight some recent advances in phytoremediation in the Alpine context. MAIN FEATURES Case studies are presented where phytoremediation has been or can be successfully applied in Alpine areas to: (1) clean-up industrial wastewater containing sulphonated aromatic xenobiotics released by dye and textile industries; (2) remediate agricultural soils polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons; (3) improve food chain safety in soils contaminated with toxic trace elements (As, Co, Cr and Pb); and (4) treat soils impacted by modern agricultural activities with a special emphasis on phosphate fertilisation. CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Worlwide, including in Alpine areas, the controlled use of appropriate plants is destined to play a major role for remediation and restoration of polluted and degraded ecosystems, monitoring and assessment of environmental quality, prevention of landscape degradation and immobilisation of trace elements. Phytotechnologies do already offer promising approaches towards environmental remediation, human health, food safety and sustainable development for the 21st century in Alpine areas and elsewhere all over the world.
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Asghari HR, Cavagnaro TR. Arbuscular mycorrhizas enhance plant interception of leached nutrients. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2011; 38:219-226. [PMID: 32480878 DOI: 10.1071/fp10180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can increase plant growth and nutrition. However, their capacity to reduce the leaching of nutrients through the soil profile is less well understood. Here we present results of an experiment in which the effects of forming arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) on plant growth and nutrition, nutrient depletion from soil, and nutrient leaching, were investigated in microcosms containing the grass Phalaris aquatica L. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in a mixture of riparian soil and sand under glasshouse conditions. The formation of AM by P. aquatica significantly increased plant growth and nutrient uptake. Lower levels of NO3-, NH4+ and plant available P in both soil and leachate were observed in columns containing mycorrhizal root systems. These differences in nutrient interception were proportionally greater than the increase in root biomass of the mycorrhizal plants, compared with their non-mycorrhizal counterparts. Taken together, these data indicate that mycorrhizal root systems have an important, but previously little considered, role to play reducing the net loss of nutrients via leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Asghari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Cestone B, Quartacci MF, Navari-Izzo F. Uptake and translocation of CuEDDS complexes by Brassica carinata. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:6403-6408. [PMID: 20704241 DOI: 10.1021/es101258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie metal complex uptake may lead to the development of new strategies for enhancing metal phytoextraction. As metals such as copper are actively taken up by roots, by inhibiting the proton driving force it is possible to obtain preliminary indications on the metal complex uptake mechanism. For this, Cu, EDDS, and Cu-EDDS uptake kinetics of Brassica carinata excised roots incubated in 30 and 150 microM solutions of either the metal, the chelant, and the complex were determined in the presence or not of the ATPase inhibitor vanadate. Following both Cu and CuEDDS treatments, metal uptake was negatively influenced by vanadate, whereas EDDS uptake did not, suggesting that Cu and the chelant did not enter the roots in their complexed form but by two different routes. The incubation in the same solutions of B. carinata intact plants showed that, differently from Cu, EDDS was largely translocated to shoots, but its low concentration resulted in a Cu to EDDS molar ratio ranging from 2 to 4 depending on metal complex concentration in the solution confirming that the uptake pathways of the two compounds were different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Cestone
- Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56121 Pisa, Italy
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Tuomainen M, Tervahauta A, Hassinen V, Schat H, Koistinen KM, Lehesranta S, Rantalainen K, Häyrinen J, Auriola S, Anttonen M, Kärenlampi S. Proteomics of Thlaspi caerulescens accessions and an inter-accession cross segregating for zinc accumulation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:1075-87. [PMID: 20048332 PMCID: PMC2826651 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal hyperaccumulator plants have previously been characterized by transcriptomics, but reports on other profiling techniques are scarce. Protein profiles of Thlaspi caerulescens accessions La Calamine (LC) and Lellingen (LE) and lines derived from an LCxLE cross were examined here to determine the co-segregation of protein expression with the level of zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulation. Although hydrophobic proteins such as membrane transporters are not disclosed, this approach has the potential to reveal other proteins important for the Zn hyperaccumulation trait. Plants were exposed to metals. Proteins were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis and those showing differences among accessions, lines or metal exposures were subjected to mass-spectrometric analysis for identification. Crossing decreased the number of different proteins in the lines compared with the parents, more so in the shoots than in the roots, but the frequencies of Zn-responsive proteins were about the same in the accessions and the selection lines. This supports the finding that the Zn accumulation traits are mainly determined by the root and that Zn accumulation itself is not the reason for the co-segregation. This study demonstrates that crossing accessions with contrasting Zn accumulation traits is a potent tool to investigate the mechanisms behind metal hyperaccumulation. Four tentatively identified root proteins showed co-segregation with high or low Zn accumulation: manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, S-formyl glutathione hydrolase, and translation elongation factor 5A-2. However, these proteins may not be the direct determinants of Zn accumulation. The role of these and other tentatively identified proteins in Zn accumulation and tolerance is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Tuomainen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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