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Yang Y, Gu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Zhang S, Wang P, Yao Y. Spatial - temporal mapping of urine cadmium levels in China during 1980 - 2040: Dietary improvements lower exposure amid rising pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134693. [PMID: 38781855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Persistent cadmium exposure poses significant health risks to the Chinese population, underscored by its prevalence as an environmental contaminant. This study leverages a machine-learning model, fed with a comprehensive dataset of environmental and socio-economic factors, to delineate trends in cadmium exposure from 1980 to 2040. We uncovered that urinary cadmium levels peaked at 1.09 μg/g Cr in the mid-2000 s. Encouragingly, a decline is projected to 0.92 μg/g Cr by 2025, tapering further to 0.87 μg/g Cr by 2040. Despite this trend, regions heavily influenced by industrialization, such as Hunan and Guizhou, as well as industrial counties in Jilin, report stubbornly high levels of exposure. Our demographic analysis reveals a higher vulnerability among adults & adolescents over 14, with males displaying elevated cadmium concentrations. Alarmingly, the projected data suggests that by 2040, an estimated 41% of the population will endure exposure beyond the safety threshold set by the European Food Safety Authority. Our research indicates disproportionate cadmium exposure impacts, necessitating targeted interventions and policy reforms to protect vulnerable groups and public health in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Yang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyou Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yijun Yao
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Deng X, Wu W, Ma Q, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Tang Y, Luo S, Peng L, Zeng Q, Yang Y. The impact on Cd bioavailability and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) induced by dry direct-seeding cultivation method in field-scale experiments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:172875. [PMID: 38703839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Dry direct-seeded rice cultivation has gained popularity and expanded its cultivated area due to reduced labor requirements and water consumption. However, the impact of this cultivation method on cadmium (Cd) bioavailability in soil and the accumulation levels in grains remains uncertain. Field experiments were conducted in acidic soils at two locations in southern China to compare rice varieties and evaluate the dry direct-seeding method alongside the wet direct-seeding and traditional transplanting methods. Dry direct-seeded rice reached significantly higher Cd concentrations in its tissues starting from the heading stage than transplanted rice. Cd accumulation levels by the maturation stage in the brown rice of dry direct-seeded rice were 18.33 %-150.69 % higher than those of wet direct-seeded and transplanted rice, with a considerable ability to translocate Cd into brown rice. Furthermore, dry direct seeding decreased iron plaque formation, particularly in the amorphous Fe form; it resulted in high soil temperature and low moisture content during tillering, elevating Cd availability in the soil. Additionally, the proportion of ions and more labile forms of Cd in the soil solution was high. Moreover, the soil under dry direct seeding had high urease and acid phosphatase enzyme activities. However, low richness and diversity in the bacterial community were characterized by a significant increase in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria at the class level, while exhibiting decreased relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and KD4-96, along with fewer biomarkers. Nonetheless, these differences are gradually reduced during the maturation stage. Overall, although dry direct seeding offers several advantages, it is crucial to implement additional measures to mitigate the increased health risks linked to rice cultivation through this approach in Cd-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Weijian Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qiao Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yingyue Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qiying Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yunpeng Tang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Si Luo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China.
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Huang H, Tian Z, Guo D, Tang Z, Li R, Ali A, Cao Z, Lu H, Shen Y, Zhu Y, Han J. Rice straw returning enhances cadmium activation by accelerating iron cycling thus hydroxyl radical production in paddy soils during drainage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171543. [PMID: 38453068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Straw returning is widely found elevating the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils with unclear biogeochemical mechanisms. Here, a series of microcosm incubation experiments were conducted and spectroscopic and microscopic analyses were employed. The results showed that returning rice straw (RS) efficiently increased amorphous Fe and low crystalline Fe (II) to promote the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH) thus Cd availability in paddy soils during drainage. On the whole, RS increased OH and extractable Cd by 0.2-1.4 and 0.1-3.3 times, respectively. While the addition of RS effectively improved the oxidation rate of structural Fe (II) mineral (i.e., FeS) to enhance soil Cd activation (up to 38.5 %) induced by the increased OH (up to 69.2 %). Additionally, the existence of CO32- significantly increased the efficiency level on OH production and Cd activation, which was attributed to the improved reactivity of Fe (II) by CO32- in paddy soils. Conclusively, this study emphasizes risks of activating soil Cd induced by RS returning-derived OH, providing a new insight into evaluating the safety of straw recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Zhuoqi Tian
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Di Guo
- School of Petroleumn Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Zhixian Tang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China.
| | - Zhengxian Cao
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Haiying Lu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yongli Zhu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, China.
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Kang F, Meng Y, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Gao H, Ren X, Wang J, Hu S. Calcium-based polymers for suppression of soil acidification by improving acid-buffering capacity and inhibiting nitrification. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 139:138-149. [PMID: 38105042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification is a major threat to agricultural sustainability in tropical and subtropical regions. Biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials, such as calcium lignosulfonate (CaLS), calcium poly(aspartic acid) (PASP-Ca), and calcium poly γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA-Ca), are known to effectively ameliorate soil acidity. However, their effectiveness in inhibiting soil acidification has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CaLS, PASP-Ca, and γ-PGA-Ca on the resistance of soil toward acidification as directly and indirectly (i.e., via nitrification) caused by the application of HNO3 and urea, respectively. For comparison, Ca(OH)2 and lignin were used as the inorganic and organic controls, respectively. Among the materials, γ-PGA-Ca drove the substantial improvements in the pH buffering capacity (pHBC) of the soil and exhibited the greatest potential in inhibiting HNO3-induced soil acidification via protonation of carboxyl, complexing with Al3+, and cation exchange processes. Under acidification induced by urea, CaLS was the optimal one in inhibiting acidification and increasing exchangeable acidity during incubation. Furthermore, the sharp reduction in the population sizes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) confirmed the inhibition of nitrification via CaLS application. Therefore, compared to improving soil pHBC, CaLS may play a more important role in suppressing indirect acidification. Overall, γ-PGA-Ca was superior to PASP-Ca and CaLS in enhancing the soil pHBC and the its resistance to acidification induced by HNO3 addition, whereas CaLS was the best at suppressing urea-driven soil acidification by inhibiting nitrification. In conclusion, these results provide a reference for inhibiting soil re-acidification in intensive agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunshan Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanning Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueqin Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuwen Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wang Y, Peng L, Deng X, Ao H, Song H, Kuang X, Chen A. Impact of meteorological factors on Cd availability and average concentration prediction in rice growth cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123858. [PMID: 38554834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
During the rice growth cycle, the average available cadmium concentration (CA-Cd) in the soil determines the Cd content in rice plant. Given defined soil properties and rice varieties, the meteorological factors play a crucial role in soil's available cadmium concentration (CCd) during the rice growth cycle. Thus, it is significant to investigate the influence of meteorological factors in CCd during the rice growth cycle and develop a predictive model for CA-Cd. The rice was cultivated under seven different sowing dates in Cd and As-contaminated soil in Hunan Province. Studied the impact of meteorological factors on paddy soil. The results showed that accumulated temperature (AT) and total precipitation (TP) were key factors affecting the soil CCd. The correlation coefficients between AT and TP with soil CA-Cd were 0.98 and -0.94 (p < 0.01), respectively. However, there was no significant correlation with CAs. AT mainly influenced the CCd during the grouting and maturity stages. A straightforward empirical prediction model was developed, capable of accurately forecasting CA-Cd during the rice growth cycle by considering meteorological factors and the initial soil CCd. This study supported a novel foundation for the precise prediction of Cd content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Wang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China.
| | - Xiao Deng
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Hejun Ao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Huijuan Song
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Kuang
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China
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6
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Fang X, Colina Blanco AE, Christl I, Le Bars M, Straub D, Kleindienst S, Planer-Friedrich B, Zhao FJ, Kappler A, Kretzschmar R. Simultaneously decreasing arsenic and cadmium in rice by soil sulfate and limestone amendment under intermittent flooding. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123786. [PMID: 38484962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Water management in paddy soils can effectively reduce the soil-to-rice grain transfer of either As or Cd, but not of both elements simultaneously due to the higher mobility of As under reducing and Cd under oxidizing soil conditions. Limestone amendment, the common form of liming, is well known for decreasing Cd accumulation in rice grown on acidic soils. Sulfate amendment was suggested to effectively decrease As accumulation in rice, especially under intermittent soil flooding. To study the unknown effects of combined sulfate and limestone amendment under intermittent flooding for simultaneously decreasing As and Cd in rice, we performed a pot experiment using an acidic sandy loam paddy soil. We also included a clay loam paddy soil to study the role of soil texture in low-As rice production under intermittent flooding. We found that liming not only decreased rice Cd concentrations but also greatly decreased dimethylarsenate (DMA) accumulation in rice. We hypothesize that this is due to suppressed sulfate reduction, As methylation, and As thiolation by liming in the sulfate-amended soil and a higher share of deprotonated DMA at higher pH which is taken up less readily than protonated DMA. Decreased gene abundance of potential soil sulfate-reducers by liming further supported our hypothesis. Combined sulfate and limestone amendment to the acidic sandy loam soil produced rice with 43% lower inorganic As, 72% lower DMA, and 68% lower Cd compared to the control soil without amendment. A tradeoff between soil aeration and water availability was observed for the clay loam soil, suggesting difficulties to decrease As in rice while avoiding plant water stress under intermittent flooding in fine-textured soils. Our results suggest that combining sulfate amendment, liming, and intermittent flooding can help to secure rice safety when the presence of both As and Cd in coarse-textured soils is of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Fang
- Soil Chemistry Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CHN, ETH Zurich, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea E Colina Blanco
- Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Iso Christl
- Soil Chemistry Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CHN, ETH Zurich, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maureen Le Bars
- Soil Chemistry Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CHN, ETH Zurich, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Straub
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: EXC 2124: Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Sara Kleindienst
- Microbial Ecology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany; Now: Department of Environmental Microbiology, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Britta Planer-Friedrich
- Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Cluster of Excellence: EXC 2124: Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany; Geomicrobiology, Department of Geosciences, Tuebingen University, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ruben Kretzschmar
- Soil Chemistry Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CHN, ETH Zurich, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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Xu D, Ros GH, Zhu Q, Xu M, Wen S, Cai Z, Zhang F, de Vries W. Major drivers of soil acidification over 30 years differ in paddy and upland soils in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170189. [PMID: 38246368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Elevated nitrogen (N) fertilization has largely increased crop production in China, but also increased acidification risks, thereby threatening crop yields. However, natural soil acidification due to bicarbonate (HCO3) leaching and base cation (BC) removal by crop harvest also affect soil acidity whereas the input of HCO3 and BC via fertilizers and manure counteract soil acidification. Insights in rates and drivers of soil acidification in different land use types is too limited to support crop- and site-specific mitigation strategies. In this study, we assessed the historical changes in cropland acidification rates and their drivers for the period 1985-2019 at 151 sites in a typical Chinese county with the combined nutrient and soil acidification model VSD+. VSD+ could well reproduce long-term changes in pH and in the BC concentrations of calcium, magnesium and potassium between 1985 and 2019 in non-calcareous soils. In paddy soils, the acidity production rate decreased from 1985 onwards, mainly driven by a pH-induced reduction in HCO3 leaching and N transformations. In upland soils, however, acidity production was mainly driven by N transformations and hardly changed over time. Crop BC removal by harvesting played a minor role in both paddy and upland soils, but its relative importance increased in paddy soils. The acidity input was partly neutralized by HCO3 input from fertilizers and manure, which decreased over time due to a change from ammonia bicarbonate to urea. Soil buffering by both BC and aluminium release decreased in paddy soils due to a reduction in net acidity production, while it stayed relatively constant in upland soils. We conclude that acidification management in paddy soils requires a focus on avoiding high HCO3 leaching whereas the management in upland soils should focus on balancing N with recycling organic manure and crop residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Xu
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Gerard H Ros
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Qichao Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China.
| | - Minggang Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shilin Wen
- Hengyang Red Soil Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zejiang Cai
- Hengyang Red Soil Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Wim de Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Guo Y, Yang Y, Li R, Liao X, Li Y. Cadmium accumulation in tropical island paddy soils: From environment and health risk assessment to model prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133212. [PMID: 38101012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated soil quality is crucial because it directly affects food safety and human health, and rice is of primary concern because of its centrality to global food networks. However, a detailed understanding of cadmium (Cd) geochemical cycling in paddy soils is complicated by the multiple influencing factors present in many rice-growing areas that overlap with industrial centers. This study analyzed the pollution characteristics and health risks of Cd in paddy soils across Hainan Island and identified key influencing factors based on multi-source environmental data and prediction models. Approximately 27.07% of the soil samples exceeded the risk control standard screening value for Cd in China, posing an uncontaminated to moderate contamination risk. Cd concentration and exposure duration contributed the most to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to children, teens, and adults through ingestion. Among the nine prediction models tested, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) exhibited the best performance for Cd prediction with soil properties having the highest importance, followed by climatic variables and topographic attributes. In summary, XGBoost reliably predicted the soil Cd concentrations on tropical islands. Further research should incorporate additional soil properties and environmental variables for more accurate predictions and to comprehensively identify their driving factors and corresponding contribution rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Li B, Zhu H, Zhu Q, Zhang Q, Xu C, Fang Z, Huang D, Xia W. Improving liming mode for remediation of Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils: Identifying the optimal soil pH, model and efficacies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116038. [PMID: 38290313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Liming has been widely taken to remediate Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils, whereas liming mode involving in the relevant optimal soil pH, model and efficacies remain unclear. Both soil and field liming experiments were conducted to improve liming mode for precise remediation of Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils. Soil batch liming experiments indicated soil DTPA-Cd and CaCl2-Cd were piecewise linearly correlated to soil pH with nodes of 6.8-8.0, and decreased respectively by 15.3%37.7% and 80.7%93.8% (P < 0.05) when soil pH raised over the nodes, indicating an appropriate target soil pH 7.0 for liming. Stepwise linear regression revealed that liming ratio (LR, kg ha-1) could be estimated from soil basal pH (pH0) and the interval to the target soil pH (ΔpH), as [LR=exp(1.10 ×ΔpH+0.61 ×pH0-4.98), R2 = 0.97, n = 42, P < 0.01]. The model exhibited high prediction accuracy (95.2%), low mean estimation error (-0.02) and root mean square error (0.20). Field liming experiment indicated liming to target pH decreased respectively soil CaCl2-Cd by 95.2-98.0% and rice grain Cd by 59.8-80.6% (P < 0.01), whereas uninfluenced rice grain yield. Correlation analysis and structural equation models (SEM) demonstrated that great reduction in Cd phytoavailability was mainly attributed to the transformation of soil water-soluble and exchangeable Cd to carbonate-bound Cd and Fe/Mn oxides-bound Cd and reduced Cd in iron plaque as increasing soil pH. However, rice grain Cd of 50% samples met national food safety standards limit of China (0.2 mg kg-1) due to the high soil Cd level (0.8 mg kg-1). In conclusion, liming to target soil pH 7.0 could be considered as a precise and effective remediation mode for Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils and complementary practices should be implemented for severe pollution. Our results could provide novel insights on precise liming remediation of Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Qihong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zebo Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Daoyou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Weisheng Xia
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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10
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Jin Y, Gao T, Zhao B, Liu Y, Liu C, Qin M. Modeling spatial trends and exchange fluxes of contaminants in agricultural soil under pollution prevention measures. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120419. [PMID: 38422570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Modeling the long-term trends of contaminants in topsoil under controlled measures is critical for sustainable agricultural environmental management. Traditional mass balance equations cannot predict spatial variation and exchange flux of regional soil contaminants for it lacks a method of assigning input-output parameters to each simulated cell. To overcome this limitation, we allocate the estimated source contribution flux to the spatial grid cell in the regional chemical mass balance by integrated positive matrix factorization (P-RCMB) with historical trends quantification. Focusing on Cd and As, which are elements with elevated risks of food intake and volatilization/infiltration, the model is applied to 30 ha of agricultural land near the enterprise. Predictions indicate an additional 13.5% of the soil is contaminated, and approximately 2.57 ha may accrue after 100 years at the site, with an uncertainty range of 0.98-5.3 ha. Clean water irrigation (CWI) reduces contamination expansion by approximately 42%, including approximately 4813 g ha-1 yr-1 net As infiltration, playing a dominant role in preventing the formation of severely contaminated soil. Stop straw return, green fertilizers use, and reduced atmospheric deposition control the exchange flux of Cd (114.9 g ha-1 yr-1) in moderate/slight contamination areas. For the different contaminants' cumulative trends in dryland and paddy fields, achieving a net cumulative flux close to zero in marginally contaminated areas presents a viable approach to optimize current emission standards. if trade-off straw removal and additional fertilizer inputs, a straw return rate of approximately 40% in Cd-contaminated soil will yield overall benefits. This model contributes valuable insights and tools for policymaking in contaminated land sustainable utilization and emission standard optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yizhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China
| | - Muhan Qin
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
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11
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Wang H, Liu H, Li J, Chen S, Uz Zaman Q, Sultan K, Rehman M, Saud S, El-Kahtany K, Fahad S, Deng G, Chen A. Combined passivators regulate physiological, antioxidant potential and metals accumulation in potato grown in metals contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168956. [PMID: 38043817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
To solve the problem of excessive heavy metals in farmland soil, there is a dire need for research effort to screen for the soil passivator materials. This study aimed to develop a practical novel approach for improving the potato growth and remedial effectiveness of the metals by optimal combination and dosage of various passivators. Experimental treatments were comprised of various levels of passivating agents (sepiolite, quicklime and calcium magnesium phosphate) in individual and combined form. Results showed that application of passivating agents significantly enhanced growth by optimizing photosynthetic attributes, enzymatic antioxidants, and soil health. Balanced application of passivators effectively reduce the bioavailability of metals, curbing their uptake by potato plants. Sole application of all the agents results statistically similar outcomes as compared with combined form. Additionally, passivators indirectly enhance the activity of essential antioxidant enzymes. Synergistic effect of all the agents significantly improved the tuber quality by decreasing the accumulation of proline, malondialdehyde content, and bioaccumulation of Cu, Pb, Cd, and As in potato parts. In crux, combined usage of passivating agents proved to be of better growth, improvement in antioxidative defense system, and better quality of potato. By mitigating heavy metal contamination, passivators not only enhance crop quality and yield but also ensure heavy metal-free potatoes that meet stringent food safety standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Khawar Sultan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shah Saud
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Khaled El-Kahtany
- Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Gang Deng
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China.
| | - Aie Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Teaching Affairs Department, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
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12
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Kong F, Lu S. Soil inorganic amendments produce safe rice by reducing the transfer of Cd and increasing key amino acids in brown rice. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:121-132. [PMID: 37923424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The digestibility of cadmium (Cd) in brown rice is directly related to amino acid metabolism in rice and human health. In our field study, three kinds of alkaline calcium-rich soil inorganic amendments (SIAs) at three dosages were applied to produce safe rice and improve the quality of rice in Cd-contaminated paddy. With the increased application of SIA, Cd content in iron plaque on rice root significantly increased, the transfer of Cd from rice root to grain significantly decreased, and then Cd content in brown rice decreased synchronously. The vitro digestibility of Cd in brown rice was estimated by a physiologically based extraction test. Results showed that more than 70% of Cd in brown rice could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal juice. Based on the total and digestible Cd contents in brown rice to evaluate the health risk, the application of 2.25 ton SIA/ha could produce safe rice in acidic slightly Cd-contaminated paddy soils. The amino acids (AAs) in brown rice were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The contents of 5 key AAs (KAAs) that actively respond to environmental changes increased significantly with the increased application of SIA. The structural equation model indicated that KAAs could be affected by the Cd translocation capacity from rice root to grain, and consequently altered the ratio of indigestible Cd in brown rice. The formation of indigestible KAAs-Cd complexes by combining KAAs (phenylalanine, leucine, histidine, glutamine, and asparagine) with Cd in brown rice could be considered a potential mechanism for reducing the digestibility of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyi Kong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shenggao Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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13
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Huang H, Ge L, Zhang X, Chen H, Shen Y, Xiao J, Lu H, Zhu Y, Han J, Li R. Rice straw biochar and lime regulate the availability of heavy metals by managing colloid-associated- but dissolved-heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140813. [PMID: 38040254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution has extensively spread in agricultural soils, posing potential threats to food safety and human health. Biochar and lime are two amendments used to remediate the soils contaminated with HMs. However, colloids have been shown to increase the mobility of HMs in paddy soils. Nevertheless, limited investigations have been made into the impact of biochar and lime on the formation of colloid-associated (colloidal) HMs in paddy soils. In this study, column and microcosm incubation experiments were conducted to examine how biochar and lime affected the availability of HMs (arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, lead, and zinc) in different layers of paddy soils. The results revealed that biochar significantly inhibited the formation of colloidal HMs in the soil flooding phase, whereas the lime increased the colloidal HMs. These colloids containing HMs were identified as poorly dissolved metal sulfides. When the soil was drained, colloidal HMs transformed into dissolved forms, thereby improving the availability of HMs. Biochar decreased HM availability by reducing colloidal- but dissolved- HMs, whereas lime had the opposite effect. Hence, biochar demonstrated a stable and reliable remediation ability to decrease HM availability in paddy soil during flooding and drainage processes. In conclusion, this study highlighted that biochar efficiently reduced HM availability by mitigating the formation of colloidal HMs during flooding and their transformation into dissolved HMs during drainage in paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu, 223100, China.
| | - Liang Ge
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Hangyu Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Applied Meteorology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China.
| | - Haiying Lu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Yongli Zhu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu, 223100, China.
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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14
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Xu ZR, You TT, Liu WY, Ye K, Zhao FJ, Wang P. Mitigating cadmium accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetables by iron fertilizer through inhibiting Fe transporter IRT1-mediated Cd uptake. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140559. [PMID: 37898465 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The solubility of cadmium (Cd) in soil and its transfer to plants are influenced by soil pH. While increasing soil pH reduces Cd solubility and accumulation in rice plants grown in acidic soils, its effect on Cd accumulation in vegetables remains inconclusive. Here, we investigated the impact of soil pH on Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetables and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Soils collected from various locations were supplemented with varying quantities of lime to achieve soil pH values of around 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0. Raising soil pH from around 5.0 to 8.0 markedly decreased extractable Cd. However, increasing soil pH tended to promote shoot Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetable species including lettuce, pakchoi, and Chinese cabbage, and the model dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Conversely, soil pH increase resulted in a monotonic decrease in rice Cd accumulation. In our hydroponic experiments, we discovered that iron (Fe) deficiency substantially increased Cd uptake and accumulation in dicotyledonous plants but not in rice. Increasing soil pH reduced soil Fe availability and induced the Fe transporter gene IRT1 expression in dicotyledonous vegetables roots, which led to an increase in IRT1-mediated Cd uptake and subsequently increased Cd accumulation as soil pH increases. A comprehensive model incorporating extractable Cd and root IRT1 expression better explained Cd accumulation in vegetable shoots. The application of 50 mg/kg of Fe fertilizer in neutral or alkaline soils resulted in a significant reduction in Cd accumulation by 34-58% in dicotyledonous vegetables. These findings reveal that increasing soil pH has two opposite effects, decreasing soil Cd availability while promoting Cd uptake through IRT1 upregulation, reconciling the inconsistency in its effect on Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous plants. Our findings provide important insights for understanding the factors affecting Cd uptake in plants and offer a practical solution to mitigate Cd contamination in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ting-Ting You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wen-Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Centre for Agriculture and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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15
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Chen F, Mao P, Wang M, Li Y, Li Y, Xia K, Chen J, Mo H, Wang F, Li Z, Zhuang P. Benefit evaluation of in-situ Cd immobilization with naturally occurring minerals using an analytical hierarchy process. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140720. [PMID: 37977539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization has a wide range of applications in heavy metal-contaminated soil remediation, and immobilization agents serve as the key to the successful application of this technology. In this study, we designed a comprehensive and efficient scoring system based on an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of three immobilization agents (wollastonite, dolomite, and calcite) in remediating Cd-polluted soil. The scoring system comprised four criteria and 11 indicators, and the results showed that all three immobilization agents significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd in rice. The Cd reduction rates of early rice with a single application of wollastonite, dolomite, and calcite were 67.6%, 46.9%, and 83.8%, respectively. Single or combined application of dolomite and calcite decreased the available Cd concentration in early rice soil, and the application of calcite resulted in an excellent rating of both early and late rice, demonstrating its highest immobilization and stability performance. Therefore, the immobilization efficiency of the three materials in descending order followed calcite > dolomite + thioglycols > wollastonite. In summary, this comprehensive evaluation system offers new insight into assessing the efficiency of soil remediation, serving as a valuable reference for selecting immobilization agents and making decisions regarding remediation plans for heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangman Chen
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Mao
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Mimi Wang
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingwen Li
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yongxing Li
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Kuaifei Xia
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jiantong Chen
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Hui Mo
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Faming Wang
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Zhian Li
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, The CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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16
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Zhang X, Ma Y, Lai D, He M, Zhang X, Zhang W, Ji M, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Xu L. RsPDR8, a member of ABCG subfamily, plays a positive role in regulating cadmium efflux and tolerance in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 205:108149. [PMID: 37939545 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is one of the most vital root vegetable crops worldwide. Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, can dramatically restrict radish taproot quality and safety. Although the Peiotrpic Drug Resistance (PDR) genes play crucial roles in heavy metal accumulation and transport in plants, the systematic identification and functional characterization of RsPDRs remain largely unexplored in radish. Herein, a total of 19 RsPDR genes were identified from the radish genome. A few RsPDRs, including RsPDR1, RsPDR8 and RsPDR12, showed significant differential expression under Cd and lead (Pb) stress in the 'NAU-YH' genotype. Interestingly, the plasma membrane-localized RsPDR8 exhibited significantly up-regulated expression and enhanced promoter activity under Cd exposure. Ectopic expression of RsPDR8 conferred Cd tolerance via reducing Cd accumulation in yeast cells. Moreover, the transient transformation of RsPDR8 revealed that it positively regulated Cd tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging and enhancing membrane permeability in radish. In addition, overexpression of RsPDR8 increased root elongation but deceased Cd accumulation compared with the WT plants in Arabidopsis, demonstrating that it could play a positive role in mediating Cd efflux and tolerance in plants. Together, these results would facilitate deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying RsPDR8-mediated Cd tolerance and detoxification in radish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yingfei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Deqiang Lai
- Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, 061001, PR China
| | - Min He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Weilan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Mingmei Ji
- Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, 061001, PR China
| | - Yuelin Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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17
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Fan Q, Jiu Y, Zou D, Feng J, Zhao M, Zhang Q, Lv D, Song J, Xu Z, Ye H. Alkaline humic acid fertilizer alters the distribution, availability, and translocation of cadmium and zinc in the acidic soil-Sauropus androgynus system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115698. [PMID: 37976927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Humic acids (HA) are a popular soil additive to reduce metal availability, but they have the drawbacks of reduced effectiveness over time and a significant reduction in soil pH. An alkaline humic acid fertilizer (AHAF) combining alkaline additives with HA was developed to overcome such drawbacks. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different AHAF application rates on the physicochemical properties, bioavailability, accumulation, and translocation of Cd and Zn heavy metals in Sauropus androgynus grown in acidic soil. Based on our results, the 100AF (100% AHAF) treatment significantly increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic matter content (OM) after one year of application. Compared with the control treatment (CK), the application of different rates of AHAF resulted in a 37.1-40.3% decrease in soil exchangeable Cd fractions (Exc-Cd) and an increase in the humic acid-bound Cd fractions (HA-Cd) Fe- and Mn-oxide-bound Cd fractions (OX-Cd), and organic matter-bound Cd fractions (OM-Cd) by 9.5-64.6%, 24.8-45.1%, and 158.8-191.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). The different AHAF treatments decreased the Res-Zn, Exc-Zn, and OM-Zn fractions by 69.6-73.0%, 7.4-23.9%, and 18.1-23.2%, respectively (P < 0.05), and increased the HA-Zn fraction by 8.4-28.1%. In the control treatment, the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for Cd and Zn in different S. androgynus plant organs were in the following order: (Cd) Leaves > Stems > Branches > Roots > Edible branches; (Zn) Roots > Stems > Leaves > Branches > Edible branches. The transfer factors (TFs) of Cd and Zn in S. androgynus were classified as follows: TF2 > TF1 > TF3 > TF4. Thus, S. androgynus stems, and roots had a strong ability to transport Cd and Zn to the leaves. Compared with CK, the 100AF treatment significantly increased the BCFs for Zn in all plant parts (except BCFedible branches). In contrast, it significantly decreased all BCFs and TFs for Cd and the TF4 for Zn, effectively reducing Cd and Zn accumulation in the edible branches of S. androgynus. Soil pH, CEC, OM, and HA-M fraction were highly and significantly negatively correlated with Cd and Zn content in edible branches (P < 0.001). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the soil HA-M fraction was the key contributing factor for Zn accumulation and translocation in S. androgynus. Moreover, based on our findings, the absorption, uptake, and translocation of Cd and Zn were mainly determined by metal speciation and the pH in the soil. Moreover, the competitive antagonistic mechanisms between Zn and Cd absorption also affected their accumulation in S. androgynus. Thus, AHAF can be used as a soil amendment to sustainably improve acidic soils and effectively reduce Cd and Zn accumulation in edible branches of S. androgynus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Fan
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yuanda Jiu
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Dongmei Zou
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Daizhu Lv
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jia Song
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- Testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China.
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Huang H, Lv Y, Tian K, Shen Y, Zhu Y, Lu H, Li R, Han J. Influence of sulfate reducing bacteria cultured from the paddy soil on the solubility and redox behavior of Cd in a polymetallic system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166369. [PMID: 37597556 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
As a toxic heavy metal, cadmium (Cd) easily enters into rice while rice grains greatly contribute to the dietary Cd intake in the populations consuming rice as a staple food. The availability of Cd in paddy soil determines the accumulation of grain Cd. Soil drainage leads to the remobilization of Cd, increasing bioavailability of Cd. In contrast, soil flooding results in little contribution of soil Cd to grain Cd, which is generally attributed to sulfate reduction induced by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in paddy soils. However, effects of SRB cultured from the paddy soil on the solubility and redox behavior of Cd have been seldom investigated before. Here, we used SRB enrichment cultures to investigate the temporal dynamics of Cd2+. The results showed that SRB enrichment cultures efficiently reduced solution redox potential (Eh) to less than -100 mV and gradually increased pH to neutral, demonstrating their ability to create a good anaerobic environment. The solubility of Cd obviously decreased in the anaerobic phase and Cd2+ was transformed into poorly dissolved CdS near the SRB cell wall edge. The addition of Zn2+ and/or Fe2+ further improved the decrease in Cd solubility and facilitated the formation of polymetallic sulfides as a consequence of promoting the production of S0 and dissolved sulfides (S2-/HS-) and the transformation of S0 into S2-/HS-. Little of Cd was detected in the media upon reoxidation, which was probably due to the high pH and the interaction between CdS and ZnS/FeS. Conclusively, these results demonstrate the detailed dynamic processes that explain the essential role of SRB in regulating the redox dynamics of chalcophile heavy metals and their bioavailability in paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China.
| | - Yuwei Lv
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Kunkun Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yongli Zhu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Haiying Lu
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Ecology and Environment and Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China
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19
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Zhong S, Liu T, Li X, Yin M, Yin H, Tong H, Huang F, Li F. Cd isotope fractionation in a soil-rice system: Roles of pH and mineral transformation during Cd immobilization and migration processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:166435. [PMID: 37598957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Cd speciation in soil and its transport to rice roots are influenced by the soil pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and mineral transformation; however, the immobilization and migration of Cd in soil-rice systems with different pH values under distinct water regimes remain unclear. This study used Cd isotope fractionation, soil physical analysis, and root gene quantification to elucidate the immobilization and transport of Cd in different soil-rice systems. In drainage soils, the high soil pH enhanced the transformation and magnitude of negative fractionation of Cd from MgCl2 extract to FeMn oxide-bound pool; however, it favored Cd uptake and root-to-grain transport. Compared with drainage regimes, the flooding regimes shifted fractionation toward heavy isotopes from MgCl2-extracted Cd to FeMn oxide-bound Cd in acidic soils (∆114/110CdMgCl2 extract - FeMn oxide-bound Cd = -0.09 ± 0.03 ‰) and to light isotopes from MgCl2-extracted Cd to carbonate-bound Cd in neutral and alkaline soils (∆114/110CdMgCl2 extract - carbonate-bound Cd = 0.29-0.40 ‰). The submerged soils facilitated the forming of carbonate and poorly crystalline minerals (such as ferrihydrite), which were transformed into highly crystalline forms (such as goethite). These results demonstrated that the dissolution-precipitation process of iron oxides was essential for controlling soil Cd availability under flooding regimes, and the relative contribution of carbonate minerals to Cd immobilization was promoted by a high soil pH. Flooding regimes induced lower expressions of OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP5 to limit the uptake of light Cd isotopes from MgCl2-extract pool, whereas a teeter-totter effect on gene expression patterns in roots (including those of OsHMA3 and OsHMA2) limited the transport of heavy Cd isotopes from root to grain. These findings demonstrate that flooding regimes could exert multiple effects on soil Cd immobilization and Cd transport to grain. Moreover, alkaline soil was conducive to forming carbonate minerals to sequester Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songxiong Zhong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Tongxu Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meilin Yin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haoming Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hui Tong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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20
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Ma X, Yu T, Guan DX, Li C, Li B, Liu X, Lin K, Li X, Wang L, Yang Z. Prediction of cadmium contents in rice grains from Quaternary sediment-distributed farmland using field investigations and machine learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165482. [PMID: 37467982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The Quaternary sediment-distributed regions of South China are suitable for rice cultivation, which is crucial for ensuring food security. Spatial correlations between soil cadmium (Cd) and rice Cd contents are generally poor, making the evaluation of rice quality and associated health risks challenging. In this study, we developed machine learning algorithms for predicting rice Cd contents using 654 data pairs of soil-rice samples collected in Guangxi province, China. After a comprehensive comparison, our results showed that the random forest (RF) had the better performance than artificial neural network (ANN) based on all the data (RMSEtesting 0.066 vs. 0.099 and R2testing 0.860 vs. 0.688). The feature importance analysis showed that soil CaO, Cd, elevation, and rainfall were the four most important features affecting the rice Cd contents in the study area. Using the established RF-predicated model, the rice Cd contents were predicted at the provincial level with an additional dataset of 1176 paddy soil samples. The prediction result revealed about 23 % of farmland cultivated rice with Cd content over 0.2 mg kg-1 in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended to implement strict measures by local agricultural departments to reduce rice Cd contents and ensure food safety in these areas. Our study provides valuable insights into the prediction of rice Cd contents, thus contributing to ensuring food safety and preventing Cd exposure-associated health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ma
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kun Lin
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuezhen Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangxi Bureau of Geology & Mineral Prospecting & Exploitation, Nanning 530023, PR China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China.
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21
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Li Y, Xu R, Ma C, Yu J, Lei S, Han Q, Wang H. Potential functions of engineered nanomaterials in cadmium remediation in soil-plant system: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122340. [PMID: 37562530 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a global environmental issue facing agriculture. Under certain conditions, the stable Cd that bound to soil particles tend to be remobilized and absorbed into plants, which is seriously toxic to plant growth and threat food safety. Engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) has attracted increasing attentions in the remediation of Cd pollution in soil-plant system due to their excellent properties with nano-scale size. Herein, this article firstly systematically summarized Cd transformation in soil, transport in soil-plant system, and the toxic effects in plants, following which the functions of ENMs in these processes to remediate Cd pollution are comprehensively reviewed, including immobilization of Cd in soil, inhibition in Cd uptake, transport, and accumulation, as well as physiological detoxication to Cd stress. Finally, some issues to be further studied were raised to promote nano-remediation technology in the environment. This review provides a significant reference for the practical application of ENMs in remediation of Cd pollution in soil, and contributes to sustainable development of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Congli Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shang Lei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Qianying Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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22
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Li C, Yang Z, Yu T, Jiang Z, Huang Q, Yang Y, Liu X, Ma X, Li B, Lin K, Li T. Cadmium accumulation in paddy soils affected by geological weathering and mining: Spatial distribution patterns, bioaccumulation prediction, and safe land usage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132483. [PMID: 37683340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal enrichment of cadmium (Cd) in soil caused by rock weathering and mining activities is an issue in southern China. Although the soil Cd content in these regions is extremely high, the bioavailability of Cd in the soils differs significantly. The carbonate area (CBA) and tin-mining area (TIA) in Hezhou City were investigated to determine the primary features of soil Cd mobility in these regions and improve environmental management. Lateral and vertical spatial distributions revealed different accumulation and migration mechanisms of soil Cd in the CBA and TIA. Further analyses revealed that mining activities and geological weathering resulted in different soil geochemical parameters, thus yielding significantly lower levels of Cd in rice grains in the CBA than in the TIA. The random forest (RF) model predicted the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) (R2 = 0.69) better than the support vector machine (SVM) model (R2 = 0.68). Subsequently, a novel land management scheme was proposed based on soil Cd and the prediction of Cd in rice to optimize the spatial resources of agricultural land and ensure the safety of rice for consumption. This study provides a novel approach for land management in Cd-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Jiang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China.
| | - Qibo Huang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Yeyu Yang
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
| | - Xu Liu
- Ministry Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xudong Ma
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kun Lin
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tengfang Li
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
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23
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Xu C, Zheng S, Huang D, Zhang Q, Xiao M, Fan J, Zhu Q, Zhu H. Phytoavailability of cadmium in rice amended with organic materials and lime: Effects of rhizosphere chemical changes and cadmium sequestration in iron plaque. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115525. [PMID: 37769579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Excessive Cd in rice grains produced with acidic paddy soil is receiving increasingly widespread attention because it endangers human health. Applying organic materials (OM) and lime (L) is a common technique used to reduce Cd concentration in grains (CdG). Nevertheless, the mechanism by which their simultaneous application affects the Cd phytoavailability in soilrice systems remains ambiguous. In the current study, we adopted a rhizobag pot culture test to explore the influences of single application of OM [rice straw (RS), milk vetch (MV)], L, and their co-utilization on Cd phytoavailability and the associated mechanisms. The results showed that the application of RS, MV, L, L + RS (LRS), and L + MV (LMV) significantly decreased CdG by 26.9%, 38.2%, 48.6%, 50.0%, and 53.0%, respectively. Fe plaque (IP) formation was not affected by these treatments; however, Cd sequestration in IP (CdIP) was significantly reduced. CdIP was significantly reduced by 18.3%, 23.6%, 43.8%, 33.1%, and 41.4%, after RS, MV, L, LRS, and LMV treatments, respectively. Additionally, available Cd concentrations in rhizospheric soil (RHS) were significantly reduced by 11.5%, 14.8%, 15.1%, and 18.4%, after MV, L, LRS, and LMV treatments, respectively. Cd availability in RHS was significantly influenced by pH, dissolved organic carbon concentration, and Zn, Fe, and Mn availability. The results of the structure equation mode showed that CdG was mainly affected by CdIP, followed by Cd availability and the pH of RHS. In conclusion, the reduction of CdG by OM, L, and their co-utilization was the results of their combined effects of reducing Cd availability in RHS, CdIP, and Cd uptake by the roots. This study emphasizes that the reduction of CdG is a result of the dual effects of reducing Cd availability in RHS and CdIP after amendments application. L application alone or in conjunction with OM is an efficient practice to reduce CdG in acidic Cd-contaminated paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Shen Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Daoyou Huang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; The Faculty Geography Resource Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qihong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
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Wang Y, Li P, Tian Y, Xiong Z, Zheng Z, Yi Z, Ao H, Wang Q, Li J. Bacterial seed endophyte and abiotic factors influence cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa) along the Yangtze River area. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115352. [PMID: 37579590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice (Oryza sativa) is particularly problematic due to its high risk to human health. Investigating the hidden roles of seed endophytes of rice in influencing Cd accumulation is essential to comprehensively understand the effects of biotic and abiotic factors to food security. Here, the content of Cd in soils and rice (Huanghuazhan) seeds from 19 sites along the Yangtze River exhibited considerable differences. From a biotic perspective, we observed the dominant endophytic bacteria, Stenotrophomonas (7.25 %), contribute to Cd control of rice (below 0.2 mg kg-1). Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis further suggested that Enterobacteriaceae (15.48 %), altitude and pH were found to be the strong variables that might reduce the Cd uptake of rice. In contrast, Cytophagaceae (0.58 %), latitude and mean annual air pressure had the opposite effect. In pot experiments, after respectively inoculating the isolated endophytic bacteria Stenotrophomonas T4 and Enterobacter R1, N1 (f_Enterobacteriaceae), the Cd contents in shoot decreased by 47.6 %, 21.9 % and 33.0 % compared to controls. The distribution of Cd resistant genes (e.g., czcABC, nccAB, cznA) of Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacteriaceaea and Cytophagaceae further suggested their distinct manners in influencing the Cd uptake of rice. Overall, this study provides new insights into the food security threatened by globally widespread Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yunhe Tian
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ziqin Xiong
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhongyi Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenxie Yi
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hejun Ao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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25
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Luo Z, Liu CL, Yang X, Zhu JK, Huang CF. Mitigating cadmium accumulation in rice without compromising growth via modifying the regulatory region of OsNRAMP5. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:34. [PMID: 37676342 PMCID: PMC10441987 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) intake poses a significant health risk to humans, and the contamination of rice grains with Cd is a major concern in regions where rice is a staple food. Although the knockout of OsNRAMP5, which encodes a key transporter responsible for Cd and manganese (Mn) uptake, can significantly reduce Cd accumulation in rice grains, recent studies have revealed that this knockout adversely affects plant growth, grain yield, and increases vulnerability to abiotic and biotic stresses due to reduced Mn accumulation. In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 technology to modify the regulatory region of OsNRAMP5 with the aim of reducing Cd accumulation in rice grains. Our findings demonstrate that mutations in the regulatory region of OsNRAMP5 do not impact its expression pattern but result in a reduction in translation. The decreased translation of OsNRAMP5 effectively decreases grain Cd accumulation while leaving Mn accumulation and important agronomic traits, including yield, unaffected. Thus, our study presents a practical and viable strategy for reducing Cd accumulation in rice grains without compromising Mn accumulation or overall rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chao-Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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26
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Li P, Xiong Z, Tian Y, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Hu R, Wang Q, Ao H, Yi Z, Li J. Community-based mechanisms underlying the root cadmium uptake regulated by Cd-tolerant strains in rice ( Oryza sativa. L). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1196130. [PMID: 37636120 PMCID: PMC10450764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1196130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the problem of Cd pollution in paddy fields has become more and more serious, which seriously threatens the safe production of food crops and human health. Using microorganisms to reduce cadmium pollution in rice fields is a green, safe and efficient method, the complicated interactions between the microbes in rice roots throughout the process of cadmium absorption by rice roots are poorly understood. In this investigation, a hydroponic pot experiment was used to examine the effects of bacteria R3 (Herbaspirillum sp) and T4 (Bacillus cereus) on cadmium uptake and the endophytic bacterial community in rice roots. The results showed that compared with CK (Uninoculated bacterial liquid), the two strains had significant inhibitory or promotive effects on cadmium uptake in rice plant, respectively. Among them, the decrease of cadmium content in rice plants by R3 strain reached 78.57-79.39%, and the increase of cadmium content in rice plants by T4 strain reached 140.49-158.19%. Further investigation showed that the cadmium content and root cadmium enrichment coefficient of rice plants were significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundances of Burkholderia and Acidovorax, and significantly positively correlated with the relative abundances of Achromobacter, Agromyces and Acidocella. Moreover, a more complex network of microbes in rice roots inhibited rice plants from absorbing cadmium. These results suggest that cadmium uptake by rice plants is closely related to the endophytic bacterial community of roots. This study provides a reference scheme for the safe production of crops in cadmium contaminated paddies and lays a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziqin Xiong
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunhe Tian
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongyi Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixuan Liu
- Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ruiwen Hu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hejun Ao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenxie Yi
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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27
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Liu J, Feng X, Qiu G, Li H, Wang Y, Chen X, Fu Q, Guo B. Inhibition Roles of Calcium in Cadmium Uptake and Translocation in Rice: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11587. [PMID: 37511349 PMCID: PMC10380254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice grains is posing a significant threat to global food security. To restrict the transport of Cd in the soil-rice system, an efficient way is to use the ionomics strategy. Since calcium (Ca) and Cd have similar ionic radii, their uptake and translocation may be linked in multiple aspects in rice. However, the underlying antagonistic mechanisms are still not fully understood. Therefore, we first summarized the current knowledge on the physiological and molecular footprints of Cd translocation in plants and then explored the potential antagonistic points between Ca and Cd in rice, including exchange adsorption on roots, plant cell-wall composition, co-transporter gene expression, and transpiration inhibition. This review provides suggestions for Ca/Cd interaction studies on rice and introduces ionomics research as a means of better controlling the accumulation of Cd in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gaoyang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
| | - Qinglin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
| | - Bin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.L.); (X.F.); (G.Q.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (X.C.); (Q.F.)
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28
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Zhang SN, Xie WY, Zhai ZQ, Chen C, Zhao FJ, Wang P. Dietary intake of household cadmium-contaminated rice caused genome-wide DNA methylation changes on gene/hubs related to metabolic disorders and cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121553. [PMID: 37023889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in food has raised broad concerns in food safety and human health. The toxicity of Cd to animals/humans have been widely reported, yet little is known about the health risk of dietary Cd intake at the epigenetic level. Here, we investigated the effect of a household Cd-contaminated rice (Cd-rice) on genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) changes in the model mouse. Feeding Cd-rice increased kidney Cd and urinary Cd concentrations compared with the Control rice (low-Cd rice), whereas supplementation of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid iron sodium salt (NaFeEDTA) in the diet significantly increased urinary Cd and consequently decreased kidney Cd concentrations. Genome-wide DNAm sequencing revealed that dietary Cd-rice exposure caused the differentially methylated sites (DMSs), which were mainly located in the promoter (32.5%), downstream (32.5%), and intron (26.1%) regions of genes. Notably, Cd-rice exposure induced hypermethylation at the promoter sites of genes Caspase-8 and interleukin-1β (Il-1β), and consequently, their expressions were down-regulated. The two genes are critical in apoptosis and inflammation, respectively. In contrast, Cd-rice induced hypomethylation of the gene midline 1 (Mid1), which is vital to neurodevelopment. Furthermore, 'pathways in cancer' was significantly enriched as the leading canonical pathway. Supplementation of NaFeEDTA partly alleviated the toxic symptoms and DNAm alternations induced by Cd-rice exposure. These results highlight the broad effects of elevated dietary Cd intake on the level of DNAm, providing epigenetic evidence on the specific endpoints of health risks induced by Cd-rice exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wan-Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Agriculture and Health Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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29
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Yang Z, Wang M, Hou J, Xiong J, Chen C, Liu Z, Tan W. Prediction of cadmium bioavailability in the rice-soil system on a county scale based on the multi-surface speciation model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:130963. [PMID: 36805442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Relative to total cadmium (Cd) content, bioavailable Cd in paddy soil is regarded as a more reasonable indicator for the risk of Cd bioaccumulation in rice. However, there is still a lack of approach to accurately predict the content of bioavailable Cd in paddy soil due to its heterogeneity and complexity. Here, multi-surface speciation model (MSM) was employed to predict the bioavailable Cd and Cd immobilization effect. Moreover, a precise remediation strategy was designed based on screening and scenario simulation of the sensitive factors with MSM. The results demonstrated that MSM can well predict Cd bioaccumulation risk in rice. The contribution of pH to Cd bioavailability was quantified under three analysis scenarios, accounting for 87.51% of the total variance of bioavailable Cd. In addition, the pH alert value (6.31 ± 0.52) for Cd risk was acquired for each rice field on a county scale. A precise map for the application amount of lime materials was constructed by taking CaCO3 (3.38-15.75 t ha-1) as a recommended economical and green immobilization agent. This study provides a potentially effective approach for risk assessment of Cd contamination in rice and important reference for precise Cd remediation in paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jingtao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; StateEnvironmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and GreenRemediation, Wuhan 430070, China
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30
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Argüello D, Chavez E, Gutierrez E, Pittomvils M, Dekeyrel J, Blommaert H, Smolders E. Soil amendments to reduce cadmium in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.): A comprehensive field study in Ecuador. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138318. [PMID: 36907485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The new EU regulations on maximum levels of cadmium (Cd) in cacao products sparked research on countermeasures to reduce Cd concentrations in cacao beans. This study was set up to test the effects of soil amendments in two established cacao orchards (soil pH 6.6 and 5.1) in Ecuador. Soil amendments included: 1) agricultural limestone at 2.0 and 4.0 Mg ha-1 y-1, 2) gypsum at 2.0 and 4.0 Mg ha-1 y-1 and 3) compost at 12.5 and 25 Mg ha-1 y-1, all amendments were applied at the surface during two subsequent years. Lime application increased the soil pH by one unit down to 20 cm depth. On the acid soil, leaf Cd concentrations decreased by lime application and the reduction factor gradually rose to 1.5 after 30 months. No effects of liming or gypsum on leaf Cd was found in the pH neutral soil. Compost application in the pH neutral soil reduced leaf Cd concentration with factor 1.2 at 22 months but that effect was absent at 30 months after application. Bean Cd concentrations were unaffected by any of the treatments at 22 months after application (acid soil) or 30 months (pH neutral soil) suggesting that any treatment effects on bean Cd might be even more delayed than in leaves. Soil columns experiments in the laboratory showed that mixing lime with compost largely enhanced the depth of lime penetration compared to lime only. Compost + lime reduced 10-3 M CaCl2 extractable Cd in soil without lowering extractable Zn. Our results suggest that soil liming has the potential to lower Cd uptake in cacao in the long term in acid soils and that the compost + lime treatment should be tested at field scale to accelerate the effects of the mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Argüello
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 BE, Heverlee, Belgium; Escuela Superior Politécnica Del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de La Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - E Chavez
- Escuela Superior Politécnica Del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de La Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | - E Gutierrez
- Escuela Superior Politécnica Del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de La Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador; Kansas State University, Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Hall, 1712, Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - M Pittomvils
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 BE, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - J Dekeyrel
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 BE, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - H Blommaert
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTERRE, Grenoble, France
| | - E Smolders
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 BE, Heverlee, Belgium
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Deng X, Wu S, Yang Y, Qin Y, Huang Q, Wu W, Rong X, Zeng Q. A rice-chicory rotation pattern ensures safe grain production and phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated paddy fields: A four-year field experiment in southern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138192. [PMID: 36812991 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy systems is a serious problem, and a strategy must be devised that ensures safe grain production and rapid remediation of soil Cd contamination. To investigate the remediation potential of crop rotation and its effect on Cd accumulation in rice, a four-year (seven-season) rice-chicory rotation field trial was conducted on a moderately acidic Cd-contaminated paddy soil. Rice was planted in summers, followed by straw removal, and chicory, a Cd-enrichment plant, was planted during winter fallows. Rotation effects were compared with those with rice only (control). Rice yields between the rotation and control were not significantly different, whereas Cd concentrations in rice tissues decreased in the rotation. Cd concentration in brown rice of the low-Cd variety decreased to less than 0.2 mg/kg (national food safety standard) from the third season onward, whereas in the high-Cd variety, it decreased from 0.43 mg/kg in the first season to 0.24 mg/kg in the fourth season. The highest Cd concentration in chicory aboveground parts was 24.47 mg/kg, with an enrichment factor of 27.81. Chicory had high regenerative capacity and was repeatedly harvested for biomass in multiple mowings, with average aboveground biomass over 2000 kg/ha in a single mowing. Theoretical phytoextraction efficiency (TPE) of one rice season with straw removal was 0.84%-2.44%, whereas the highest TPE of one chicory season reached 8.07%. The seven seasons of rice-chicory rotation extracted up to 407 g/ha Cd from soil with a TPE exceeding 20%. Therefore, rice-chicory rotation and straw removal can effectively reduce Cd accumulation in subsequent rice crops, without interrupting production and simultaneously rapidly remediating Cd-contaminated soil. Thus, the production potential of light to moderately Cd-contaminated paddy fields can be realized with crop rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangjun Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Yongbo Qin
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qinyi Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Weijian Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangmin Rong
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
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32
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Ke Y, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Hough R, Fu Q, Li YF, Cui S. Effect of combined aging treatment on biochar adsorption and speciation distribution for Cd(II). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161593. [PMID: 36642275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a passivation material for heavy metals in-situ remediation, biochar (BC) has often been expected to maintain long-term adsorption performance for target pollutants. There is still lack of consensus about the impact of aging processes on biochar properties, particularly with respect to its long-term sorption performance. In this study, the changes to immobilization mechanisms as well as the speciation distribution of Cd(II) triggered by combined aging simulation (dry-wet, freeze-thaw cycle and oxidation treatment) on BC prepared under three levels of pyrolysis temperatures (300, 500 and 700 °C) were investigated. The results showed significant inhibition of aging on adsorption performance with the adsorptive capacity of BC300, BC500 and BC700 for Cd(II) decreased by 31.12 %, 50.63 % and 14.94 %, respectively. However, sequential extraction results indicated little influence of the aging process on the relative fractionation of Cd(II) speciation. The distribution of readily bioavailable, potentially bioavailable and non-bioavailable fractions of Cd(II) on BC showed only minimal changes post-aging. Overall, there was less Cd(II) sorption following aging, but the fractional availability (in relative terms) remained the same. Compared with 300 and 700 °C, the biochar prepared under 500 °C accounted the highest fraction of non-bioavailable Cd(II) (67.23 % of BC500, 59.17 % of Aged-500), and thus showed most promising for Cd(II) immobilization. This study has important practical significance for the long-term application of biochar in real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Ke
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rupert Hough
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Qiang Fu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Song Cui
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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Wang Z, Liu W, Zhang C, Liu X, Liang X, Liu R, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of S cooperating with Fe and Mn to regulate the conversion of Cd and Cu during soil redox process revealed by LDHs-DGT technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161431. [PMID: 36626998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The activity changes of Cd and Cu in paddy field were strongly influenced by the transformation of S, Fe and Mn species. However, in the process of soil redox, how S cooperates with Fe/Mn to regulate the law and mechanism of Cd and Cu speciation transformation still needs to be studied. In this study, we used DGT technology based on layer double hydroxides (LDHs) combined with pore water sampling to investigate soil redox changes, rice growth, and the effects of different forms of sulfur (S0, SO42-) on soil Cd and Cu activities. The results showed that the concentrations of CDGT-Cd and Cu in the soil decreased rapidly in the anaerobic stage, but increased slowly in the oxidative stage. Multiple regression analysis showed that the changes of Cu and Cd concentrations mainly depended on the changes of Fe/Mn morphology. Sulfur treatment promoted the dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides in the short term (<48 h), and the activities of CDGT-Fe, Mn, and Cd increased simultaneously, but CDGT-Cu was not affected. However, after long-term anaerobic conditions (>10 d), sulfur addition reduced the activities of CDGT-Cd and Cu, and decreased the uptake of Cd and Cu by rice. During sulfate reduction, the sulfur addition treatment group resulted in a 24.5-50.2 % decrease in CDGT-Fe, indicating that sulfur addition may delay the release of Cd and Cu after rice planting by promoting the formation of FeS/FeS2. In addition, in the anaerobic stage, Cu formed sulfide before Cd and was fixed, and the higher thermodynamic stability of CuS would promote the dissolution of CdS in the oxidation stage. Overall, soil flooding with sulfur to enhance the generation of metal sulfides and secondary iron ores provides an opportunity to use sulfur as an environmentally friendly modifier to coordinate Fe, Mn to improve heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Chuangchuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xuefeng Liang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Rongle Liu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Song L, Zhao F, Cui H, Wan J, Li H. Biofuel Ash Aging in Acidic Environment and Its Influence on Cd Immobilization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4635. [PMID: 36901648 PMCID: PMC10002395 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofuel ash (BFA), which is the ash generated by biomass combustion in a biomass power plant, can be prepared as a heavy metal immobilizer and have a good immobilization effect on Cd in the soil environment of southern China, but the long-term effects of BFA on Cd immobilization remained unclear. Therefore, research about BFA aging and its influence on Cd immobilization was conducted in the paper. BFA was naturally aged into BFA-Natural aging (BFA-N) in the soil environment of southern China, and to simulate BFA-N, BFA was also artificially acid aged into BFA-Acid aging (BFA-A). The result indicated that BFA-A could partially simulate BFA-N in physicochemical properties. The Cd adsorption capacity of BFA reduced after natural aging and the decrease was more obvious in BFA-A according to Qm in Langmuir equation and qe from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption processes of BFA before and after aging were mainly controlled by chemical action rather than physical transport. The immobilization of Cd included adsorption and precipitation, and adsorption was the dominant factor; the precipitation proportion was only 12.3%, 18.8%, and 1.7% of BFA, BFA-N, and BFA-A, respectively. Compared with BFA, both BFA-N and BFA-A showed Ca loss, and BFA-A was more obvious than BFA-N. Ca content level was consistent with Cd adsorption level among BFA, BFA-N, and BFA-A. It could be inferred that the main immobilization mechanism of Cd by BFA before and after aging was consistent and closely related to Ca. However, the adsorption mechanism of electrostatic interaction, ion exchange, and hydroxyl complexation changed to varying degrees in BFA-N and BFA-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Song
- Hebei and China Geological Survey key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- College of Home Economics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- Shijiazhuang City Longquan Lake Garden Affairs Center, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jingmin Wan
- Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Hui Li
- Hebei and China Geological Survey key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
- Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
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Wang R, Sang P, Guo Y, Jin P, Cheng Y, Yu H, Xie Y, Yao W, Qian H. Cadmium in food: Source, distribution and removal. Food Chem 2023; 405:134666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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36
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Machine learning methods to predict cadmium (Cd) concentration in rice grain and support soil management at a regional scale. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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Yang L, Zhang X, Zhao D, Wang P, Zhao F. Relative Bioavailability of Cadmium in Rice: Assessment, Modeling, and Application for Risk Assessment. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050984. [PMID: 36900501 PMCID: PMC10000470 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice consumption is the primary route of cadmium (Cd) exposure to the populations with rice as the staple food. To accurately assess the potential health risks of Cd exposure via rice consumption, determination of Cd relative bioavailability (RBA) in rice is necessary. However, large variations exist in Cd-RBA, hindering the application of source-specific Cd-RBA values to different rice samples. In this study, we collected 14 rice samples from Cd contaminated areas and determined both rice compositions and Cd-RBA using in vivo mouse bioassay. Total Cd concentration varied from 0.19 to 2.54 mg/kg in the 14 rice samples, while Cd-RBA in rice ranged from 42.10% to 76.29%. Cadmium-RBA in rice correlated positively with calcium (Ca) (R = 0.76) and amylose content (R = 0.75) but negatively with the concentrations of sulfur (R = -0.85), phosphorus (R = -0.73), phytic acid (R = -0.68), and crude protein (R = -0.53). Cd-RBA in rice can be predicted by Ca and phytic acid concentrations in a regression model (R2 = 0.80). Based on the total and bioavailable Cd concentrations in rice, weekly dietary Cd intake for adults was estimated to be 4.84-64.88 and 2.04-42.29 μg/kg bw/week, respectively. This work demonstrates the possibility of Cd-RBA prediction based on rice compositions and provides valuable suggestions for health risk assessment with consideration of Cd-RBA.
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Genetic Regulation Mechanism of Cadmium Accumulation and Its Utilization in Rice Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021247. [PMID: 36674763 PMCID: PMC9862080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal whose pollution in rice fields leads to varying degrees of Cd accumulation in rice. Furthermore, the long-term consumption of Cd-contaminated rice is harmful to human health. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to clarify the genetic regulation mechanism of Cd accumulation in rice and cultivate rice varieties with low Cd accumulation for the safe use of Cd-contaminated soils. This review summarizes the effects of Cd on rice growth, yield, and quality; the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd absorption in the roots, loading, and transport of Cd in the xylem, the distribution of Cd in nodes, redistribution of Cd in leaves, and accumulation of Cd in the grains; the regulation mechanism of the Cd stress response; and the breeding of rice with low Cd accumulation. Future directions on the genetic regulation of Cd in rice and application are also discussed. This review provides a theoretical basis for studies exploring the genetic regulation of Cd stress in rice. It also offers a basis for formulating effective strategies to reduce the Cd content in rice.
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Li S, Li G, Huang X, Chen Y, Lv C, Bai L, Zhang K, He H, Dai J. Cultivar-specific response of rhizosphere bacterial community to uptake of cadmium and mineral elements in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114403. [PMID: 36508785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metal-contaminated farmland from Cadmium (Cd) can enhance the accumulation of Cd and impair the absorption of mineral elements in brown rice. Although several studies have been conducted on Cd exposure on rice, little has been reported on the relationship between Cd and mineral elements in brown rice and the regulatory mechanism of rhizosphere microorganisms during element uptake. Thus, a field study was undertaken to screen japonica rice cultivars with low Cd and high mineral elements levels, analyze the quantitative relationship between Cd and seven mineral elements, and investigate the cultivar-specific response of rice rhizosphere bacterial communities to differences in Cd and mineral uptake in japonica rice. Results showed that Huaidao-9 and Xudao-7 had low Cd absorption and high amounts of mineral nutrient elements (Fe, Zn, Mg, and Ca, LCHM group), whereas Zhongdao-1 and Xinkedao-31 showed opposite accumulation characteristics (HCLM group). Stepwise regression analysis showed that zinc, iron, and potassium are the key minerals that affect Cd accumulation in japonica rice and zinc was the most important factor, accounting for 68.99 %. The accumulation of Cd and mineral elements is potentially associated with rhizosphere soil bacteria. Taxa enriched in the LCHM rhizosphere (phyla Acidobacteriota and MBNT15) indicated the high nutrient characteristics of the soil and reduced activity of Cd in soil. The HCLM rhizosphere was highly colonized by metal-activating bacteria (Actinobacteria), lignin-degrading bacteria (Actinobacteria and Chlorofexi), and bacteria scavenging nutrients and trace elements (Anaerolinea and Ketobacter). Moreover, the differences in the uptake of Cd and mineral elements affected predicted functions of microbial communities, including sulfur oxidation and sulfur derivative formation, human or plant pathogen, and functions related to the iron oxidation and nitrate reduction. The results indicate a potential association of Cd and mineral elements uptake and accumulation with rhizosphere bacteria in rice, thus providing theoretical basis and a new perspective on the maintenance of rice security and high quality simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guangxian Li
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xianmin Huang
- Shandong General Station of Agricultural Environmental Protection and Rural Energy, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Liyong Bai
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huan He
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiulan Dai
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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MUKHAMETOV A, PALIIVETS M, BERECHIKIDZE I, SERIKKYZY M. Evaluating the recovery of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of unripe red grape liquid extracts obtained by maceration. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.117922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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41
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Huang X, Zhao B, Wu Y, Tan M, Shen L, Feng G, Yang X, Chen S, Xiong Y, Zhang E, Zhou H. The lead and cadmium content in rice and risk to human health in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278686. [PMID: 36520940 PMCID: PMC9754602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in rice in China, but have come to divergent conclusions. Therefore we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the available evidence on levels of Pb and Cd in rice in different regions of China in order to assess the potential risk to human health. The meta-analysis included 24 studies of Pb levels and 29 studies of Cd levels, published in 2011-2021. The pooled Pb concentration in rice was 0.10 mg per kg dry weight (95% CI 0.08-0.11), while the pooled Cd concentration was 0.16 mg per kg dry weight (95% CI 0.14-0.18). These levels are within the limits specified by national food safety standards. However, the total target hazard quotient for both metals exceeded 1.0 for adults and children, suggesting that rice consumption poses a health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Huang
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanlei Wu
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingtian Tan
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Lisha Shen
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Guirong Feng
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoshan Yang
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, China
| | - Youming Xiong
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - En Zhang
- Food Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- College of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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42
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Yu H, Xiao H, Cui Y, Liu Y, Tan W. High nitrogen addition after the application of sewage sludge compost decreased the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114351. [PMID: 36116488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is highly significant in agricultural production, but long-term N addition causes changes in quality indicators, such as soil organic matter (SOM), thus affecting the absorption and accumulation of organic pollutants. Therefore, paying more attention to organic fertilizers in the development of green agriculture is necessary. However, the accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) contained in organic fertilizers (especially sewage sludge compost (SSC)) in the soil can cause environmental contamination, but how this cumulative reaction changes with the long-term N addition remains unclear. Here the SSC impact on the bioavailability of five typical HMs (cadmium-Cd, chromium-Cr, copper-Cu, lead-Pb and arsenic-As) in the soil-plant system before and after SSC application was demonstrated through a field study in soils with different application rates of 0, 100 and 300 kg N ha-1yr-1, respectively. Our results showed that SSC application increased the concentration of most HMs in soil profiles and plant systems (wheat roots and grains), but the accumulation rate of HMs and most bioaccumulation values (BAC-bioaccumulation coefficient and BCF-bioconcentration factor) in plant systems were both lower in high-N addition soil than that in the low-N group. Moreover, speciation distribution results further indicated that SSC application increased the LB (liable available form, including F1-water soluble, F2-ion exchangeable, and F3-bound to carbonates) form of HMs and decreased the PB (potentially available form, including F4-humic acids and F6-fraction bound to organic matter) form of HMs in high-N addition soil, respectively. Those results suggested that HM bioavailability in high-N addition soil was lower than that in low-N addition soil when applied with SSC. Overall, this study found that increasing soil N content can inhibit the bioavailability of HMs when applying SSC, providing suggestions for optimizing the trialability and risk assessment of SSC application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxia Yu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, And State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Haoyan Xiao
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Yili Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, And State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanji Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, And State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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43
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Li D, Zhang Q, Sun D, Yang C, Luo G. Accumulation and risk assessment of heavy metals in rice: a case study for five areas of Guizhou Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:84113-84124. [PMID: 35776312 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the concentration and accumulation abilities of five heavy metals (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr) in rice were assessed and their human health risk to local citizens had been evaluated. Soil and rice samples (125 samples) were collected from Guiyang (GY), Qiannan (QN), Bijie (BJ), Tongren (TR), and Zunyi (ZY) in Guizhou Province. Heavy metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion. The mean concentrations of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, and Cr were 0.58, 0.65, 12.31, 38.70, and 87.30 mg/kg in soil and were 0.05, 0.005, 0.11, 0.07, and 0.34 mg/kg in rice, respectively. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) decreased with the order Cd > Hg > As > Cr > Pb. Non-carcinogenic risk in this study was evaluated using the method of the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The mean HQ values for Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cr were all lower than the standard limit (1.0) for children and adults, except As with the mean HQ for children of 2.79. The mean HI values for children and adults were 4.22 and 1.42, which exceeded 1.0. The mean carcinogenic risk (CR) values of As and Pb for children and adults were higher than the upper limit of the acceptable range (1 × 10-4) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). In a conclusion, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks induced by heavy metals for children were higher than that for adults. This study revealed that consumption of rice in study areas may pose potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to humans, and As was the largest contributor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuan Li
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Dali Sun
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chaolian Yang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guofei Luo
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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44
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Min T, Luo T, He H, Qin J, Wang Y, Cheng L, Ru S, Li J. Dissolved organic matter-assisted phytoremediation potential of cotton for Cd-contaminated soil: a relationship between dosage and phytoremediation efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:84640-84650. [PMID: 35781660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a novel Cd-contaminated soils amendment for phytoremediation. However, the phytoremediation efficiency for different DOM doses has been insufficiently investigated. In this study, we investigated the effect of five DOM doses (v/w, 0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) on the phytoremediation efficiency of cotton in Cd-contaminated soil through pot experiment. The results showed that bioavailable Cd concentrations and organic matter in the soil increased with the increased of DOM dosage. The DOM dose increased the chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and the total biomass of cotton. In addition, the DOM application increased the Cd content in cotton roots and changed the Cd uptake in cotton shoots, increasing shoot Cd extraction efficiency by 8.53-20%. Simultaneously, soil Cd phytoextraction efficiency significantly increased. Furthermore, applying a 1% DOM dose resulted in safeguarding fibre biomass and maximising the efficiency of shoot extraction. Redundancy analysis showed that the Mn content in leaves is critical for increasing cotton biomass, anti-oxidation competence and phytoremediation efficiency under 1% DOM dose. In conclusion, DOM enhanced cotton remediation in Cd-contaminated soils and applying DOM at 1% was a suitable choice for Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Min
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Luo
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao He
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qin
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyang Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sibo Ru
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Li
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Zhang F, Liu D, Chen K, Du B, Qiu X, Xu J, Xing D. Distribution characteristics of selenium, cadmium and arsenic in rice grains and their genetic dissection by genome-wide association study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1007896. [PMCID: PMC9612882 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1007896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High selenium (Se) and low cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) contents in rice grains were good for human health. The genetic basis and relationship of Se, Cd and As concentrations in rice grains are still largely unknown. In the present study, large variations were observed in Se, Cd and As concentrations in brown and milled rice in normal and Se treatment conditions in 307 rice accessions from 3K Rice Genomes Project. Se fertilizer treatment greatly increased Se concentrations but had no obvious changes in concentrations of Cd and As both in brown and milled rice. Total of 237 QTL were identified for Se, Cd and As concentrations in brown and milled rice in normal and Se treatment conditions as well as ratio of concentrations under Se treatment to normal conditions. Only 19 QTL (13.4%) were mapped for concentrations of Se and Cd, Se and As, and Se, Cd and As in the same or adjacent regions, indicating that most Se concentration QTL are independent of Cd and As concentration QTL. Forty-three favorable alleles were identified for 40 candidate genes by gene-based association study and haplotype analysis in 14 important QTL regions. Se-enriched rice variety will be developed by pyramiding favorable alleles at different Se QTL and excluding undesirable alleles at Cd and As QTL, or combining favorable alleles at Se QTL with the alleles at Se-sensitive QTL by marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Wang
- College of Economy and Management, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dapu Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Du
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xianjin Qiu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianjin Qiu, ; Jianlong Xu,
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Xianjin Qiu, ; Jianlong Xu,
| | - Danying Xing
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Shi G, Liu H, Zhou D, Zhou H, Fan G, Chen W, Li J, Lou L, Gao Y. Sulfur reduces the root-to-shoot translocation of arsenic and cadmium by regulating their vacuolar sequestration in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032681. [PMID: 36275602 PMCID: PMC9580998 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in wheat grain is a serious threat to human health. Sulfur (S) can simultaneously decrease wheat grain As and Cd concentrations by decreasing their translocation in wheat; however, the mechanisms are unclear. We conducted hydroponic experiments to explore the mechanisms by which S modulates As and Cd translocation and their toxicity in wheat. Wheat seedlings were grown in deficient sulfate (2.5 µM) or sufficient sulfate (1.0 mM) nutrient solutions for 6 days and then exposed to zero (control), low As+Cd (1 µM As plus 0.5 µM Cd), or high As+Cd (50 µM As plus 30 µM Cd) for another 6 days. Compared with the control, plant growth was not affected by low As+Cd, but was significantly inhibited by high As+Cd. In the low As+Cd treatment, S supply had no significant effect on plant growth or root-to-shoot As and Cd translocation. In the high As+Cd treatment, sufficient S supply significantly alleviated As and Cd toxicity and their translocation by increasing phytochelatin (PC) synthesis and the subsequent vacuolar sequestration of As and Cd in roots, compared with deficient S supply. The use of L-buthionine sulfoximine (a specific inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase) confirmed that the alleviation of As and Cd translocation and toxicity in wheat by S is mediated by increased PC production. Also, TaHMA3 gene expression in wheat root was not affected by the As+Cd and S treatments, but the expression of TaABCC1 was upregulated by the high As+Cd treatment and further increased by sufficient S supply and high As+Cd treatment. These results indicate that S-induced As and Cd subcellular changes affect As and Cd translocation mainly by regulating thiol metabolism and ABCC1 expression in wheat under As and Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Luhe Agro-Environment Experimental Station of National Agricultural Observation and Research Station, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangye Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Laiqing Lou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Luhe Agro-Environment Experimental Station of National Agricultural Observation and Research Station, Nanjing, China
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Lyu C, Li L, Liu X, Zhao Z. Rape straw application facilitates Se and Cd mobilization in Cd-contaminated seleniferous soils by enhancing microbial iron reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119818. [PMID: 35870532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many naturally seleniferous soils are faced with Cd contamination problem, which severely limits crop cultivation in these areas. Straw returning has been widely applied in agricultural production due to its various benefits to soil physicochemical properties, soil fertility, and crops yield. However, effects of straw application on the fates of Se and Cd in Cd-contaminated seleniferous soils remain largely unclear. Therefore, the effects of straw application on the fates of Se and Cd in Cd-contaminated seleniferous soils were investigated in this study. The results showed that iron reduction driven by Clostridium and Anaeromyxbacter was responsible for the variations in Se and Cd fates in soil. Straw application respectively increased the gene copy numbers of Clostridium and Anaeromyxbacter by 19.5-56.3% and 33.6-39.8%, thus promoting iron reductive dissolution, eventually resulting in a high release amount of Se and Cd from Fe(III) (oxyhydr) oxides. Under reducing conditions, the released Cd was adsorbed by the newly formed metal sulfides or reacted with sulfides to generate CdS precipitates. Straw application decreased the soil exchangeable Se and soil exchangeable Cd concentration during flooding phase. However, straw application significantly increased Se/Cd in soil solution which had the highest bioavailability during flooding. In addition, straw application increased soil exchangeable Se concentration, but it had no significant effects on soil exchangeable Cd concentration after soil drainage. Taken together, straw application increased Se bioavailability and Cd mobility. Therefore, straw application is an effective method for improving Se bioavailability, but it is not suitable for the application to Cd-contaminated paddy soils. In the actual agricultural production, straw could be applied in seleniferous soils to improve Se bioavailability. At the same time, straw application should be cautious to avoid the release of Cd from Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Lyu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Li
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinwei Liu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhao
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Chi Y, Tam NFY, Li WC, Ye Z. Multiple geochemical and microbial processes regulated by redox and organic matter control the vertical heterogeneity of As and Cd in paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156229. [PMID: 35643135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils seriously hinders the assessment of contamination status and prediction of rice uptake. Their vertical patterns across different environmental conditions and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, maximum vertical differences of bioavailable As and Cd within 0-30 cm depth in paddy soils were 4.1-fold and four orders of magnitude, respectively. The vertical patterns of As and Cd followed the vertical redox gradient in long-term reduced paddies, but were shaped by the vertical pH gradient derived from acidic wastewater irrigation in partly oxidized soils. Iron(III)- and sulfate-reducing bacteria played key roles in the formation of vertical pH gradient and the immobilization of As and Cd by iron (hydr)oxides and sulfides under varied redox conditions. Soil redox and organic matter determined the transition between these two mechanisms via regulating microbial iron(III) and sulfate reduction processes. The work proposes that soil vertical As and Cd patterns directly affect the accumulation of As and Cd in different rice cultivars with different vertical root patterns. This is the first study elucidating the controlling mechanisms governing the vertical As and Cd patterns in paddy fields, providing important references to identify, manage and remediate contaminated paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Chi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, the Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nora Fung-Yee Tam
- School of Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai Chin Li
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, the Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhihong Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Shi L, Guo Z, Liu S, Xiao X, Peng C, Feng W, Ran H, Zeng P. Effects of combined soil amendments on Cd accumulation, translocation and food safety in rice: a field study in southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:2451-2463. [PMID: 34282515 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive Cd content and high Cd/Zn ratio in rice grains threaten human health. To study the reduction effects of combined soil amendments on Cd content and Cd/Zn ratio in rice planting in soils with different Cd contamination levels, we conducted field trials in three regions of Hunan province, China. Six field treatments were designed in each study area, including control (CK), lime alone (L), lime combined with sepiolite (LS), phosphate fertilizer (LP), organic fertilizer (LO) and phosphate fertilizer + organic fertilizer (LPO). The application of the combined amendments reduced the Cd content in rice grains to less than the Food Health Standard of China (0.2 mg/kg) and the Cd/Zn ratio to less than the safety threshold of 0.015. The average reduction rates of grain Cd content under the combined treatments among the three regions increased with the increase in Cd content in the soil. Meanwhile, the amendments also decreased the soil available Cd and Zn concentration significantly. The LO had the highest efficiency on decreasing Cd content in rice grains among these amendments, which is ranged from 44.6% to 52.8% in the three regions compared with CK. Similarly, high reduction rates of Cd/Zn ratio were found in the LO treatment, with an average value of 57.3% among the three regions. The grain Cd contents and Cd/Zn ratios were significantly correlated with the soil available Cd concentrations, plant uptake factor and the straw to rice grain translocation factor (TFgs) (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the combined soil amendments, especially lime combined with organic fertilizer, would be an effective way to control Cd content in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- School of Environment and Biologcal Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shuaixia Liu
- School of Environment and Biologcal Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Wenli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hongzhen Ran
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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Mboyerwa PA, Kibret K, Mtakwa P, Aschalew A. Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency With System of Rice Intensification and Conventional Management Practices in Mkindo Irrigation Scheme, Tanzania. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.802267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AimThis study investigated the impacts of system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional management practice (CP) on rice growth, grain yield, and nitrogen use efficiency by nitrogen application.MethodsField experiments were conducted in wet and dry seasons; each season, the experiment was set in a split-plot randomized complete block design in triplicate with crop management practices in main plots and nitrogen levels in subplots.ResultsThe average grain yield by SRI was 7.1 and 6.7 t ha−1, while by CP it was 6.1 and 4.4 t ha−1in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The grain yield of the SRI practice was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than that of the conventional practice (CP) at all levels of nitrogen application. The average yield under the treatment interaction of SRI and nitrogen levels were increased by 13.1% in the wet season and 35.8 % in the dry season. Roots of SRI plants had significantly (p < 0.05) greater fresh weight, length, and volume as indicated by increased root dry weight per hill. SRI improved crop growth, effective tillers, filled grains per panicle, grain filling rate, panicle weight, spikelet per panicle, straw yield, and 1,000-grain weight. Nitrogen application rate had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE). As the N application rate was increased beyond 90 kg N ha−1, the ANUE and partial factor productivity (PFP) under both SRI and CP were significantly decreased in both seasons.ConclusionOverall, the SRI production system with 60 kg N ha−1 improved rice growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency compared to the CP.
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