1
|
Pastorin G, Benetti C, Wacker MG. From in vitro to in vivo: A comprehensive guide to IVIVC development for long-acting therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114906. [PMID: 37286087 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Camillo Benetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Langer D, Mlynarczyk DT, Dlugaszewska J, Tykarska E. Potential of glycyrrhizic and glycyrrhetinic acids against influenza type A and B viruses: A perspective to develop new anti-influenza compounds and drug delivery systems. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114934. [PMID: 36455358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent dynamic development of medicine, influenza is still a significant epidemiological problem for people around the world. The growing resistance of influenza viruses to currently available antiviral drugs makes it necessary to search for new compounds or drug forms with potential high efficacy against human influenza A and B viruses. One of the methods of obtaining new active compounds is to chemically modify privileged structures occurring in the natural environment. The second solution, that is gaining more and more interest, is the use of modern drug carriers, which significantly improve physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of the transported substances. Molecules known from the earliest times for their numerous therapeutic properties are glycyrrhizinic acid (GA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GE). Both compounds constitute the main active agents of the licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra, Leguminosae) root and, according to a number of scientific reports, show antiviral properties against both DNA and RNA viruses. The above information prompted many scientific teams around the world to obtain and test in vitro and/or in vivo new synthetic GA and GE derivatives against influenza A and B viruses. Similarly, in recent years, a significant amount of GA and GE-based drug delivery systems (DDS) such as nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, nanocrystals, and carbon dots has been prepared and tested for antiviral activity, including those against influenza A and B viruses. This work systematizes the attempts undertaken to study the antiviral activity of new GA and GE analogs and modern DDS against clinically significant human influenza viruses, at the same time indicating the directions of their further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langer
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dariusz T Mlynarczyk
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Dlugaszewska
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Tykarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferreira D, Alkimin GDD, Neves B, Conde T, Domingues MR, Nunes B. Evaluation of parental and transgenerational effects of clotrimazole in Daphnia magna - A multi-parametric approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154677. [PMID: 35337862 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Azole antifungals inhibit the cytochrome P450 complex, decreasing the production of ergosterol in fungi, and compromising the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids in crustaceans, which are hormones regulating reproduction and ecdysis. The azole antifungal clotrimazole (CLO) raises environmental concerns due its toxicity. This work evaluated the effects on the number of moults, feeding rate, growth, reproduction, transgenerational reproductive effects on two different generations (F0, parental generation; and F1, organisms born from F0), and energetic balance in Daphnia magna. Neonates (<24 h) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0, 2.7, and 3.4 mg/L) of CLO, to assess its effects on the moulting process. Neonates were also exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of CLO (0, 30, 150, 750, and 3750 ng/L) for 24 and 96 h, to assess adverse effects on their feeding behaviour. Effects on energy reserves (fatty acids, glycogen, and protein levels) were also measured in animals exposed to CLO. A reproduction test was carried out to evaluate the amount and size of neonates from F0 and F1 generations. CLO exposure decreased the number of moults, and the size of organisms, but did not alter the feeding pattern of 5 days old individuals. However, neonates (<24 h) exposed to CLO had a significant decrease in their feeding pattern. CLO decreased the fatty acids content in exposed animals, but did not change glycogen and protein. CLO also decreased the size of adult daphnids from the third brood, born from animals exposed in F0; in F1 animals, the size of neonates from the third brood was decreased. This study evidenced the toxic effects caused by CLO on growth, feeding and reproduction of D. magna. Nevertheless, it is not possible to conclude whether the effects are due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes, or to unspecific effects caused by general toxic stress and decreased nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Dias de Alkimin
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Bruna Neves
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villa Nova M, Gan K, Wacker MG. Biopredictive tools for the development of injectable drug products. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:671-684. [PMID: 35603724 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2081682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biopredictive release tests are commonly used in the evaluation of oral medicines. They support decision-making in formulation development and allow predictions of the expected in-vivo performances. So far, there is limited experience in the application of these methodologies to injectable drug products. AREAS COVERED Parenteral drug products cover a variety of dosage forms and administration sites including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous injections. In this area, developing biopredictive and biorelevant methodologies often confronts us with unique challenges and knowledge gaps. Here, we provide a formulation-centric approach and explain the key considerations and workflow when designing biopredictive assays. Also, we outline the key role of computational methods in achieving clinical relevance and put all considerations into context using liposomal nanomedicines as an example. EXPERT OPINION Biopredictive tools are the need of the hour to exploit the tremendous opportunities of injectable drug products. A growing number of biopharmaceuticals such as peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids require different strategies and a better understanding of the influences on drug absorption. Here, our design strategy must maintain the balance of robustness and complexity required for effective formulation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Villa Nova
- State University of Maringá, Department of Pharmacy, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kennard Gan
- National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Liu D, Wei M, Qi W, Li X, Niu Y. A stable and highly luminescent 3D Eu(III)-organic framework for the detection of colchicine in aqueous environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112652. [PMID: 34999034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The metal-organic framework materials have an important application as sensors. In this work, a microporous three-dimensional (3D) Eu(III)-organic framework (Eu-MOF), [Eu2(3,5-bct)(phen)2(ox)2(H2O)]·H2O, was constructed from 3,5-bis(3'-carboxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (3,5-H2bct), oxalate (ox) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as a luminescent sensor. The free volume was found to be 15.7% per unit volume ignoring the free water molecules. The Eu-MOF showed bright red light due to the emission at 622 nm (5D0 → 7F2 transition) of the Eu(III) with high quantum yield (QY, 52.51%). The Eu-MOF exerted high luminescence stability in common organic solvents as well as aqueous solutions within a wide pH range from 4 to 11. Based on the luminescent Eu-MOF, the sensing behavior for colchicine in the aqueous environment was studied. Highly selective and sensitive detection (LOD = 2.43 × 10-5 mol L-1) of colchicine was observed by the Eu-MOF even in the presence of potential interfering components. The sensing mechanism for colchicine was investigated by experimental and theoretical results. It is worth noting that a film (Film@Eu-MOF) prepared by loading Eu-MOF showed intense characteristic red light emission under UV light. The luminescence color changed immediately from red to colorless when the Film@Eu-MOF came in contact with colchicine. Highly sensitive and rapid detection of colchicine in wastewater was achieved using this Film@Eu-MOF, which could be identified by the naked eye. The experimental results suggest that the synthesized Eu-MOF has potential application as a luminescent sensing material for pollutants in the environmental system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Mingming Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Weifeng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China.
| | - Yunyin Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, And College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hajba-Horváth E, Fodor-Kardos A, Shah N, Wacker MG, Feczkó T. Sustainable Stabilizer-Free Nanoparticle Formulations of Valsartan Using Eudragit ® RLPO. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13069. [PMID: 34884873 PMCID: PMC8657980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability of the antihypertensive drug valsartan can be enhanced by various microencapsulation methods. In the present investigation, valsartan-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were manufactured from Eudragit® RLPO using an emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was found to be a suitable stabilizer for the nanoparticles, resulting in a monodisperse colloid system ranging in size between 148 nm and 162 nm. Additionally, a high encapsulation efficiency (96.4%) was observed. However, due to the quaternary ammonium groups of Eudragit® RLPO, the stabilization of the dispersion could be achieved in the absence of PVA as well. The nanoparticles were reduced in size (by 22%) and exhibited similar encapsulation efficiencies (96.4%). This more cost-effective and sustainable production method reduces the use of excipients and their expected emission into the environment. The drug release from valsartan-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated in a two-stage biorelevant dissolution set-up, leading to the rapid dissolution of valsartan in a simulated intestinal medium. In silico simulations using a model validated previously indicate a potential dose reduction of 60-70% compared to existing drug products. This further reduces the expected emission of the ecotoxic compound into the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Hajba-Horváth
- Faculty of Engineering, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; (E.H.-H.); (A.F.-K.)
| | - Andrea Fodor-Kardos
- Faculty of Engineering, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; (E.H.-H.); (A.F.-K.)
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nishant Shah
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 500 S State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Matthias G. Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Tivadar Feczkó
- Faculty of Engineering, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; (E.H.-H.); (A.F.-K.)
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An Update to Dialysis-Based Drug Release Testing-Data Analysis and Validation Using the Pharma Test Dispersion Releaser. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122007. [PMID: 34959289 PMCID: PMC8708653 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, a wide variety of complex non-oral dosage forms are entering the global healthcare market. Although many assays have been described in recent research, harmonized procedures and standards for testing their in vitro performance remain widely unexplored. Among others, dialysis-based techniques such as the Pharma Test Dispersion Releaser are developed for testing the release of drugs from nanoparticles, liposomes, or extracellular vesicle preparations. Here, we provide advanced strategies and practical advice for the development and validation of dialysis-based techniques, including documentation, analysis, and interpretation of the raw data. For this purpose, key parameters of the release assay, including the hydrodynamics in the device at different stirring rates, the selectivity for particles and molecules, as well as the effect of excipients on drug permeation were investigated. At the highest stirring rate, a more than twofold increase in the membrane permeation rate (from 0.99 × 10−3 to 2.17 × 10−3 cm2/h) was observed. Additionally, we designed a novel computer model to identify important quality parameters of the dialysis experiment and to calculate error-corrected release profiles. Two hydrophilic creams of diclofenac, Voltaren® Emulgel, and Olfen® gel, were tested and provide first-hand evidence of the robustness of the assay in the presence of semisolid dosage forms.
Collapse
|
8
|
Duca DA, Dan ML, Vaszilcsin N. Recycling of Expired Ceftamil Drug as Additive in the Copper and Nickel Electrodeposition from Acid Baths. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189476. [PMID: 34574398 PMCID: PMC8467844 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the large quantity of expired and unused drugs worldwide, pharmaceutical disposal has become a serious problem that requires increased attention. In the present paper, the study on recycling ceftazidime (CZ) as an additive in copper and nickel electrodeposition from acid baths is highlighted. CZ is the active substance from expired commercial drug Ceftamil®. Its electrochemical behavior was studied by cyclic voltammetry. As well, kinetic parameters for copper and nickel electrodeposition were determined using Tafel plots method at different temperatures and CZ concentrations in these acid baths. The activation energy was calculated from Arrhenius plots. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the charge transfer resistance and coverage degree in the electrolyte solutions at several potential values. Gibbs free energy values, calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherms, revealed the chemical nature of CZ–electrode surface interactions. The favorable effect of the organic molecules added in copper and nickel electroplating baths was emphasized by optical microscope images. The morphology of the obtained deposits without and with 10−4 mol L−1 CZ was compared. The experimental results revealed that expired Ceftamil® is suitable as additive in copper and nickel electroplating processes from acid baths.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hering I, Eilebrecht E, Parnham MJ, Weiler M, Günday-Türeli N, Türeli AE, Modh H, Heng PWS, Böhmer W, Schäfers C, Fenske M, Wacker MG. Microparticle formulations alter the toxicity of fenofibrate to the zebrafish Danio rerio embryo. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 234:105798. [PMID: 33799113 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of active pharmaceutical ingredients are released into the environment and pose a threat to aquatic organisms. Drug products using micro- and nanoparticle technology can lower these emissions into the environment by their increased bioavailability to the human patients. However, due to this enhanced efficacy, micro- and nanoscale drug delivery systems can potentially display an even higher toxicity, and thus also pose a risk to non-target organisms. Fenofibrate is a lipid-regulating agent and exhibits species-related hazards in fish. The ecotoxic effects of a fenofibrate formulation embedded into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microparticle matrix, as well as those of the excipients used in the formulation process, were evaluated. To compare the effects of fenofibrate without a formulation, fenofibrate was dispersed in diluted ISO water alone or dissolved in the solvent DMF and then added to diluted ISO water. The effects of these various treatments were assessed using the fish embryo toxicity test, acridine orange staining and gene expression analysis assessed by quantitative RT polymerase chain reaction. Exposure concentrations were assessed by chemical analysis. The effect threshold concentrations of fenofibrate microparticle precipitates were higher compared to the formulation. Fenofibrate dispersed in 20%-ISO-water displayed the lowest toxicity. For the fenofibrate formulation as well as for fenofibrate added as a DMF solution, greater ecotoxic effects were observed in the zebrafish embryos. The chemical analysis of the solutions revealed that more fenofibrate was present in the samples with the fenofibrate formulation as well as fenofibrate added as a DMF solution compared to fenofibrate dispersed in diluted ISO water. This could explain the higher ecotoxicity. The toxic effects on the zebrafish embryo thus suggested that the formulation as well as the solvent increased the bioavailability of fenofibrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indra Hering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Elke Eilebrecht
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marc Weiler
- MyBiotech GmbH, Industriestraße 1B, 66802, Überherrn, Germany
| | | | | | - Harshvardhan Modh
- National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Wet Science Building (S9), 5 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul W S Heng
- National University of Singapore, GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Walter Böhmer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schäfers
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Martina Fenske
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Wet Science Building (S9), 5 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jung F, Thurn M, Krollik K, Li D, Dressman J, Alig E, Fink L, Schmidt MU, Wacker MG. Sustained-release hot melt extrudates of the weak acid TMP-001: A case study using PBB modelling. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 160:23-34. [PMID: 33484866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, hot melt extrusion has become a leading technology in the manufacture of amorphous drug delivery systems. Mostly applied as an 'enabling formulation' for poorly soluble compounds, application in the design of sustained-release formulations increasingly attracts the attention of the pharmaceutical industry. The drug candidate TMP-001 is currently under evaluation for the early treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Although this weak acid falls into class II of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System, the compound exhibits high solubility in the upper intestine resulting in high peroral bioavailability. In the present studies, four different formulation prototypes varying in their sustained-release behavior were developed, using L-arginine as a pore-forming agent in concentrations ranging between 0 and 20%. Initially, biorelevant release testing was applied to assess the dissolution behavior of the prototypes. For these formulations, a total drug release of 44.7%, 64.6%, 75%, and 90.5% was achieved in FaSSIF-v2 after 24 h. Two candidates were selected for further characterization considering the crystal structure and the physical stability of the amorphous state of TMP-001 in the formulations together with the release behavior in Level II biorelevant media. Our findings indicate L-arginine as a valuable excipient in the formulation of hot melt extrudates, as its presence led to a considerable stabilization of the amorphous state and favorably impacted the milling process and release behavior of TMP-001. To properly evaluate the proposed formulations and the importance of colonic dissolution and absorption on the overall bioavailability, a physiologically-based biopharmaceutics model was used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Jung
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Manuela Thurn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katharina Krollik
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Edith Alig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Lothar Fink
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Martin U Schmidt
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|