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Dwivedi M, Jindal D, Jose S, Hasan S, Nayak P. Elements in trace amount with a significant role in human physiology: a tumor pathophysiological and diagnostic aspects. J Drug Target 2024; 32:270-286. [PMID: 38251986 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has a devastating impact globally regardless of gender, age, and community, which continues its severity to the population due to the lack of efficient strategy for the cancer diagnosis and treatment. According to the World Health Organisation report, one out of six people dies due to this deadly cancer and we need effective strategies to regulate it. In this context, trace element has a very hidden and unexplored role and require more attention from investigators. The variation in concentration of trace elements was observed during comparative studies on a cancer patient and a healthy person making them an effective target for cancer regulation. The percentage of trace elements present in the human body depends on environmental exposure, food habits, and habitats and could be instrumental in the early diagnosis of cancer. In this review, we have conducted inclusive analytics on trace elements associated with the various types of cancers and explored the several methods involved in their analysis. Further, intricacies in the correlation of trace elements with prominent cancers like prostate cancer, breast cancer, and leukaemia are represented in this review. This comprehensive information on trace elements proposes their role during cancer and as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
- Research Cell, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Jindal
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Emerging Diseases, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Sandra Jose
- MET's School of Engineering, Thrissur, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Pradeep Nayak
- Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Defourny SV, Caioni G, Bellocci M, Melai V, Scortichini G, Salini R, Martino M, Di Teodoro G, Cocco A, Cantelmi MC, Merola C, Petrini A. Domestic dogs as environmental sentinel in comparative toxicologic pathology: Assessment of metals and rare earth elements concentrations in healthy and neoplastic mammary glands. One Health 2024; 18:100749. [PMID: 38765761 PMCID: PMC11101696 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantification of trace element concentrations in human and animal tissues has acquired great importance in the last few years, considering the pivotal role of these elements in several physiological and pathological processes. Variations in their concentrations appear to have a role in the development and advancement of diseases in both humans and animals, for example, cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of rare earth elements and metals in healthy and neoplastic Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) mammary gland tissue of dogs. All samples were processed to have a quantitative determination of inorganic elements including metals of known toxicological interest such as Pb, Cd, Tl, As, Hg, the trace elements Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, and other elements including Cr, V, Mo, Ni, Sb, W, Sn. Moreover, rare earth elements (REEs) (Sc, Y, Lu, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) were also investigated. Cu and Mo concentrations in mammary cancerous tissue were greater than those in normal mammary glands (p < 0.05). In non-neoplastic tissue increased concentrations of Cd, Co, Ni, Tl, and V were also reported (p < 0.05). The mammary tissue of healthy individuals had greater concentrations of REEs than the neoplastic mammary glands (p < 0.05). The results of our study confirmed differences in mammary inorganic element concentrations between healthy and neoplastic groups, highlighting the potential relevance of these fluctuations in toxicologic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina V.P. Defourny
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giulia Caioni
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Mirella Bellocci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Valeria Melai
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giampiero Scortichini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Romolo Salini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Michele Martino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Teodoro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonio Cocco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Cantelmi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carmine Merola
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonio Petrini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Kim JA, Lee JK, Lee SY. Serum trace elements during treatment in pancreatic cancer patients and their associations with cancer prognosis. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1459-1472. [PMID: 38714150 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In this study, we assessed serum trace element concentrations in patients with pancreatic cancer and compared the results to those of healthy controls and patients with chronic pancreatitis. We evaluated the association between trace element concentrations during cancer treatment and the risk of cancer progression and mortality in pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary center in Korea. Serum trace element concentrations of cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were measured at diagnosis using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in 124 patients with pancreatic cancer, 50 patients with chronic pancreatitis, and 120 healthy controls. Trace elements were measured after a median of 282.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 224.0-326.5) days from treatment initiation to assess changes in trace element concentrations during treatment. RESULTS Serum Co concentrations were significantly higher in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer compared to healthy controls, while serum Se concentrations were significantly lower. During treatment, serum concentrations of Cu, Se, and Zn significantly decreased in patients with pancreatic cancer. During the follow-up (median 152.5; 95% CI, 142.8-160.0 months), 85.5% of patients experienced progression or relapse, and 84.7% of patients died. Patients with decreased Se and Zn concentrations during treatment had a higher mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.10; 95% CI, 1.31-3.38; P = 0.0020 for Se; HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.06-2.79; P = 0.0269 for Zn) compared to those with unchanged or increased trace element concentrations during treatment. Patients with a greater reduction in Zn concentrations during treatment had a higher mortality than those with a smaller reduction (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01-2.52; P = 0.0483). Patients whose Zn status changed from normal to deficient during treatment had an increased mortality (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.16-2.67, P = 0.0084). Patients with multiple (≥2) trace element deficiencies after treatment had poorer outcomes than those with no or single trace element deficiency. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that decreases in Se and Zn concentrations during cancer treatment were associated with adverse outcomes in terms of cancer progression and mortality in patients with pancreatic cancer. Further prospective investigations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, South Korea
| | - Jong Kyun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, South Korea.
| | - Soo-Youn Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, South Korea.
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Yan J, Zhang H, Zhang M, Tian M, Nie G, Xie D, Zhu X, Li X. The association between trace metals in both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of liver and gastric cancer progression in northwest China. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116011. [PMID: 38359492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer and gastric cancer have extremely high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. It is well known that an increase or decrease in trace metals may be associated with the formation and development of a variety of diseases, including cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in cancerous liver and gastric tissues, compared to adjacent healthy tissues, and to investigate the relationship between trace metals and cancer progression. During surgery, multiple samples were taken from the cancerous and adjacent healthy tissues of patients with liver and gastric cancer, and trace metal levels within these samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in tissues from patients with liver cancer were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Similarly, patients with gastric cancer also showed lower levels of Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn-but higher levels of Cu and Se-compared to the controls (P < 0.05). In addition, patients with liver and gastric cancers who had poorly differentiated tumours and positive lymph node metastases showed lower levels of trace metals (P < 0.05), although no significant changes in their concentrations were observed to correlate with sex, age, or body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression, principal component analysis (PCA), Bayesian kernel regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and quantile-based g computing (qgcomp) models were used to analyse the relationships between trace metal concentrations in liver and gastric cancer tissues and the progression of these cancers. We found that single or mixed trace metal levels were negatively associated with poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in both liver and gastric cancer, and the posterior inclusion probability (PIP) of each metal showed that Cd contributed the most to poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in both liver and gastric cancer (all PIP = 1.000). These data help to clarify the relationship between changes in trace metal levels in cancerous liver and gastric tissues and the progression of these cancers. Further research is warranted, however, to fully elucidate the mechanisms and causations underlying these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingtong Zhang
- GanSu Provincial Institute of Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Danna Xie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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Forma A, Grunwald A, Zembala P, Januszewski J, Brachet A, Zembala R, Świątek K, Baj J. Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4968. [PMID: 38732186 PMCID: PMC11084730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of breast cancer and its possible influence on various therapeutic pathways. We researched meta-analyses, systemic and narrative reviews, retrospective studies, as well as original studies on human and animal models. The results of these studies indicate a possible correlation between the different levels of micronutrients and a decreased risk of breast cancer as well as a better survival rate. However, further studies are necessary to establish adequate doses of supplementation of the chosen micronutrients and the exact mechanisms of micronutrient impact on breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Arkadiusz Grunwald
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Patryk Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Adam Brachet
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Roksana Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamila Świątek
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
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Nikravesh M, Ghanbari S, Badiee M, Zarea K, Moosavi M, Matin M. Relationship Between Arsenic in Biological Media and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04157-w. [PMID: 38619678 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is an environmental pollutant with carcinogenic effects and breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent malignant tumor in women. The goal of this meta-analysis was to establish a connection between biological sample As levels and the risk of developing BC. Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, and Elsevier were used to systematically screen the literature published between 1990 and 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was also used in assessing the quality of publications. A random-effects model was used to assess the pertinent data that was gleaned from these articles. Using the I2 index the heterogeneity of studies was performed. Egger's test and funnel plots were used to look at publication bias. We identified 16 epidemiologic studies that included 2713 women with BC and 5347 healthy individuals. The results showed that the difference between the case group and the control group was 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30 to 1.14]. According to subgroup analysis, the value for blood was 0.18 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.35], whereas the value for hair was 3.08 [95% CI 0.19 to 5.97]. The present meta-analysis suggested that As levels were significantly higher in BC patients than in controls. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence supporting a positive relationship between arsenic levels in biological media and BC risk. These findings highlight the importance of further research to investigate the mechanisms of this association and explore potential preventive strategies to reduce the adverse effects of arsenic exposure on BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrad Nikravesh
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghanbari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahdiehsadat Badiee
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Zarea
- Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Moosavi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Matin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Zhang H, Yan J, Nie G, Li X. Association between Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Cancerous and Non-cancerous Tissues with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Progression in Northwest China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9. [PMID: 38379000 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in heavy metals and trace element levels may be associated with various cancers. However, the role of this interaction in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is unclear. In recent years, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models have provided new ideas for analyzing the effects of metal mixtures on CRC progression. Herein, we assessed the differences in the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in tumors and adjacent healthy tissues, to investigate the relationship between heavy metals/trace elements and CRC progression. Surgical samples of CRC and noncancerous tissues were collected, and trace metal levels were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression, PCA, and BKMR models were used to investigate the relationship between heavy metals and trace elements and the degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in CRC. Cancer tissues showed lower As, Cd, Co, and Cr concentrations, and higher Se concentrations than healthy tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, CRC patients with poorly differentiated tumors and/or positive lymph node metastases had lower levels of Cd, Zn, Cu, and Se (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that single metal concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression. PCA and BKMR models also showed that the metal mixture concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression, with Cd contributing the most. Overall, changes in heavy metal and trace element levels may be related to the development of CRC; however, further mechanistic studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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Zimta AA, Cenariu D, Tigu AB, Moldovan C, Jurj A, Pirlog R, Pop C, Gurzau ES, Fischer-Fodor E, Pop L, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Differential effect of the duration of exposure on the carcinogenicity of cadmium in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114523. [PMID: 38382870 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The carcinogenic role of cadmium (Cd2+) in breast cancer is still debatable. Current data points to duration of exposure as the most important element. In our study, we designed an in vitro model to investigate the effects of 3 weeks versus 6 weeks of low-level CdCl2 exposure on MCF10A cells. Our results demonstrated that after 3 weeks of CdCl2 exposure the cells displayed significant changes in the DNA integrity, but there was no development of malignant features. Interestingly, after 6 weeks of exposure, the cells significantly increased their invasion, migration and colony formation capacities. Additionally, MCF10A cells exposed for 6 weeks to CdCl2 had many dysregulated genes (4905 up-regulated and 4262 down-regulated). As follows, Cd-induced phenotypical changes are accompanied by a profound modification of the transcriptomic landscape. Furthermore, the molecular alterations driving carcinogenesis in MCF10A cells exposed to CdCl2 were found to be influenced by the duration of exposure, as in the case of MEG8. This long non-coding RNA was down-regulated at 3 weeks, but up-regulated at 6 weeks of exposure. In conclusion, even very low levels of Cd (0.5 μM) can have significant carcinogenic effects on breast cells in the case of subchronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Cenariu
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Moldovan
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Pirlog
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Pop
- Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eugen S Gurzau
- Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Cluj School of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 7 Pandurilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Tumour Biology Department, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă", 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ge A, He Q, Zhao D, Li Y, Chen J, Deng Y, Xiang W, Fan H, Wu S, Li Y, Liu L, Wang Y. Mechanism of ferroptosis in breast cancer and research progress of natural compounds regulating ferroptosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18044. [PMID: 38140764 PMCID: PMC10805512 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide and its incidence increases with age, posing a significant threat to women's health globally. Due to the clinical heterogeneity of breast cancer, the majority of patients develop drug resistance and metastasis following treatment. Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death dependent on iron, is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides, elevated levels of iron ions and lipid peroxidation. The underlying mechanisms and signalling pathways associated with ferroptosis are intricate and interconnected, involving various proteins and enzymes such as the cystine/glutamate antiporter, glutathione peroxidase 4, ferroptosis inhibitor 1 and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Consequently, emerging research suggests that ferroptosis may offer a novel target for breast cancer treatment; however, the mechanisms of ferroptosis in breast cancer urgently require resolution. Additionally, certain natural compounds have been reported to induce ferroptosis, thereby interfering with breast cancer. Therefore, this review not only discusses the molecular mechanisms of multiple signalling pathways that mediate ferroptosis in breast cancer (including metastasis, invasion and proliferation) but also elaborates on the mechanisms by which natural compounds induce ferroptosis in breast cancer. Furthermore, this review summarizes potential compound types that may serve as ferroptosis inducers in future tumour cells, providing lead compounds for the development of ferroptosis-inducing agents. Last, this review proposes the potential synergy of combining natural compounds with traditional breast cancer drugs in the treatment of breast cancer, thereby suggesting future directions and offering new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang CityNingxiangChina
| | - Da Zhao
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yuwei Li
- Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtanChina
| | - Junpeng Chen
- Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtanChina
| | - Ying Deng
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang CityNingxiangChina
| | - Wang Xiang
- The First People's Hospital Changde CityChangdeChina
| | - Hongqiao Fan
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Shiting Wu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yan Li
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang CityNingxiangChina
| | - Lifang Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yue Wang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
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10
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Zhang X, Ma Y, Lai D, He M, Zhang X, Zhang W, Ji M, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Xu L. RsPDR8, a member of ABCG subfamily, plays a positive role in regulating cadmium efflux and tolerance in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 205:108149. [PMID: 37939545 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is one of the most vital root vegetable crops worldwide. Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, can dramatically restrict radish taproot quality and safety. Although the Peiotrpic Drug Resistance (PDR) genes play crucial roles in heavy metal accumulation and transport in plants, the systematic identification and functional characterization of RsPDRs remain largely unexplored in radish. Herein, a total of 19 RsPDR genes were identified from the radish genome. A few RsPDRs, including RsPDR1, RsPDR8 and RsPDR12, showed significant differential expression under Cd and lead (Pb) stress in the 'NAU-YH' genotype. Interestingly, the plasma membrane-localized RsPDR8 exhibited significantly up-regulated expression and enhanced promoter activity under Cd exposure. Ectopic expression of RsPDR8 conferred Cd tolerance via reducing Cd accumulation in yeast cells. Moreover, the transient transformation of RsPDR8 revealed that it positively regulated Cd tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging and enhancing membrane permeability in radish. In addition, overexpression of RsPDR8 increased root elongation but deceased Cd accumulation compared with the WT plants in Arabidopsis, demonstrating that it could play a positive role in mediating Cd efflux and tolerance in plants. Together, these results would facilitate deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying RsPDR8-mediated Cd tolerance and detoxification in radish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yingfei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Deqiang Lai
- Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, 061001, PR China
| | - Min He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Weilan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Mingmei Ji
- Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, 061001, PR China
| | - Yuelin Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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11
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de Almeida TT, Tschoeke BAP, Quecine MC, Tezzoto T, Gaziola SA, Azevedo RA, Piotto FA, Orlandelli RC, Dourado MN, Azevedo JL. Mechanisms of Mucor sp. CM3 isolated from the aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms to increase cadmium bioremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93846-93861. [PMID: 37523087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of toxic metals is a feasible and low-cost remediation tool to reduce metal contamination. Plant-fungus interactions can improve this technique. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms is a macrophyte reported to bioremediate contaminated water. Thus, the present study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from E. crassipes, select a highly cadmium (Cd) tolerant isolate and evaluate its bioremediation potential. This was evaluated by (1) the fungus tolerance and capacity to accumulate Cd; (2) Cd effects on cell morphology (using SEM and TEM) and on the fungal antioxidant defense system, as well as (3) the effect on model plant Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Calabash Rouge, inoculated with the endophyte fungus and exposed to Cd. Our results selected the endophyte Mucor sp. CM3, which was able to tolerate up to 1000 g/L of Cd and to accumulate 900 mg of Cd/g of biomass. Significant changes in Mucor sp. CM3 morphology were observed when exposed to high Cd concentrations, retaining this metal both in its cytoplasm and in its cell wall, which may be linked to detoxification and metal sequestration mechanisms related to the formation of Cd-GSH complexes. In addition, Cd stress induced the activation of all tested antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) - in this endophytic fungus. Moreover, when inoculated in tomato plants, this fungus promoted plant growth (in treatments without Cd) and induced an increased metal translocation to plant shoot, showing its potential to increase metal bioremediation. Therefore, this study indicates that the isolated endophyte Mucor sp. CM3 can be applied as a tool in different plant conditions, improving plant bioremediation and reducing the environmental damage caused by Cd, while also promoting plant growth in the absence of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Tognolli de Almeida
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Centenário, 303 - São Dimas, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil.
- Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, 79117-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Augusto Prohmann Tschoeke
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Quecine
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Tiago Tezzoto
- Plant Production Department, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Salete Aparecida Gaziola
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Fernando Angelo Piotto
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
| | - Ravely Casarotti Orlandelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco H67, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Manuella Nóbrega Dourado
- Postgraduate Program in Technological and Environmental Processes, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rod. Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5 - Vila Artura, Sorocaba, SP, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - João Lucio Azevedo
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Centenário, 303 - São Dimas, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Superior School of Agriculture'Luiz de Queiroz', University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11 - Agronomia, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
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12
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Tarhonska K, Janasik B, Roszak J, Kowalczyk K, Lesicka M, Reszka E, Wieczorek E, Braun M, Kolacinska-Wow A, Skokowski J, Kalinowski L, Jablonska E. Environmental exposure to cadmium in breast cancer - association with the Warburg effect and sensitivity to tamoxifen. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114435. [PMID: 36842352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between cadmium and breast cancer remains unexplained due to inconsistent epidemiological data and unknown underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the relationship between environmental exposure to cadmium and the Warburg effect in breast cancer and, thus, its possible interference with breast cancer treatment. The observational study in two groups of breast cancer patients indicated a positive correlation between urinary cadmium concentration and tumor expression of HIF1A (a master regulator of the Warburg effect). Further explanatory research in MCF-7 cells showed no impact of cadmium exposure on molecular and biochemical markers of the Warburg effect. However, long-term exposure to a low and environmentally relevant concentration of cadmium led to the accumulation of the metal in MCF-7 cells and decreased their sensitivity to tamoxifen. To conclude, the association between cadmium and the Warburg effect was suggested in the observational study, although not confirmed in vitro. Nevertheless, cadmium seems to interfere with tamoxifen treatment which deserves further investigation in terms of its possible implication in intrinsic resistance to hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Tarhonska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beata Janasik
- Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Roszak
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Kornelia Kowalczyk
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland; Proteon Pharmaceuticals S.A., 3A Tylna Street, 90-364 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Lesicka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Edyta Wieczorek
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marcin Braun
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-332 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kolacinska-Wow
- Department of Oncological Physiotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Paderewskiego Street, 93-513 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jaroslaw Skokowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 17 M. Smoluchowskiego Street, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland; Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; BioTechMed Centre/Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jablonska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Sw. Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
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13
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Genome-wide identification of PLATZ genes related to cadmium tolerance in Populus trichocarpa and characterization of the role of PtPLATZ3 in phytoremediation of cadmium. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:732-743. [PMID: 36563811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding (PLATZ) proteins are a class of plant-specific zinc finger transcription factors that perform critical functions in plant development and resistance. However, the function of PLATZs in heavy metal tolerance has not yet been investigated. Moreover, only a few PLATZ proteins have been functionally characterized in tree species. In this study, we identified 18 PtPLATZ genes in Populus trichocarpa, an important woody model plant, and classified them into five groups. PtPLATZ genes attributed to the same clade usually possess similar exon-intron structures containing two or three introns, as well as a similar motif composition. Furthermore, chromosomal location analysis indicated an uneven distribution of PtPLATZ genes on 13 of the 19 Populus chromosomes. Promoter cis-acting element prediction and gene expression analysis showed that PtPLATZ genes were highly responsive to heavy metal stress. Heterologous yeast expression revealed that PtPLATZ1, PtPLATZ2, PtPLATZ3, PtPLATZ4, PtPLATZ8 and PtPLATZ9 are significantly involved in Cd tolerance. In addition, transgenic expression of PtPLATZ3 significantly enhanced Cd tolerance and accumulation, slowed the decline in chlorophyll content, maintained membrane integrity in Populus, and increased the expression of genes related to Cd tolerance and accumulation. In conclusion, our results suggest the potential of PtPLATZ3 to improve Cd tolerance and accumulation in Populus, which is of great significance for phytoremediation.
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14
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Kateryna T, Monika L, Beata J, Joanna R, Edyta R, Marcin B, Agnieszka KW, Ewa J. Cadmium and breast cancer – current state and research gaps in the underlying mechanisms. Toxicol Lett 2022; 361:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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15
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The Influence of Interaction between Cadmium with 17β-Estradiol, 2-Methoxyestradiol and 16α-Hydroxyestrone on Viability and p-Glycoprotein in Ovarian Cancer Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052628. [PMID: 35269769 PMCID: PMC8910160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational and environmental exposure to xenoestrogens, a subgroup of endocrine disruptors (EDCs), can affect the endocrine system and increase the risk of cancer, primarily the hormone-dependent kind. This type of cancer includes ovarian cancer, which is the leading cause of death from gynecological tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the role of 17β-estradiol and its metabolites: 2-MeOE2, 16α-OHE1 in exposure to the metalloestrogen cadmium. The effect of interactions of cadmium with estrogens on the viability of cells in malignant ovarian cancer cells SKOV-3 was investigated, both in simultaneous action and in the pre-incubation model. There are no known interactions between estrogens and cadmium in ovarian cancer cells. Due to the frequent occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in ovarian cancer, the effects of estrogens and cadmium on MDR in SKOV-3, measured as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), were assessed. An interaction study showed that E2 had an antagonistic effect on cadmium-induced cell damage, while 2-MeOE2 showed less of a protective effect in combination with CdCl2 than E2. There were two types of interaction: toxic synergism and beneficial antagonism. E2 and cadmium increased P-gp expression in SKOV-3 cells, while 2-MeOE2 decreased P-gp expression to a potentially beneficial effect on MDR prevention. The obtained results constitute an interesting starting point for further research in the field of interactions between estrogens and xenoestrogens in ovarian cancer.
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Sousa S, Maia ML, Delerue-Matos C, Calhau C, Domingues VF. The role of adipose tissue analysis on Environmental Pollutants Biomonitoring in women: The European scenario. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150922. [PMID: 34655625 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed every day to assorted environmental pollutants namely, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organochlorine pesticides (OCP), brominated flame-retardants (BFR), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), synthetic musks, heavy metals (e.g. cadmium) and plastic additives (e.g. bisphenol A, BPA). Besides environmental persistence, biomagnification and bioaccumulative properties, these pollutants are classified as endocrine disruptors (EDs), metabolic disruptors, neurologic disruptors. These compounds affect the normal function of several mechanisms in the human body being linked to human health issues as cancer development (e.g. breast, uterine and endometrial), miscarriage, birth defects, premature delivery and infertility. In order to prevent future health issue of women and possible progeny, the assessment of EDs accumulated is essential, particularly in adipose tissue. These samples have been referred as the ideal matrix to establish over time accumulation and long-term exposure of persistent and non-persistent lipophilic EDs. However, the invasive sample collection procedure and methodology processing discourages the usage of this matrix for biomonitoring studies. In this review, a Web of Science search without any publishing year restriction on the analysis in adipose tissue of PCB, OCP, BPA, cadmium, BFR and synthetic musks was performed. A total of 313 studies were found, 158 were European studies from which the studies with data on women EDs accumulation were selected for detailed analysis (n = 90). The results were structured and presented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The present paper is an overview on the existent EDs analytical methods and levels accumulated in women adipose tissue, with the correspondent health implications across Europe. The limits of detection and quantification were compared and a discussion with results obtained about the presence of ED was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sousa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Luz Maia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Nutrição e Metabolismo NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Valentina F Domingues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Mansouri B, Ramezani Z, Yousefinejad V, Nakhaee S, Azadi N, Khaledi P, Nikkhoo B, Hassanzadeh K, Rahimi A. Association between trace elements in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of breast cancers in western Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11675-11684. [PMID: 34545524 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the tissue content of essential and toxic metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in the breast cancerous tissues compared to the non-cancerous tissue. The biopsy specimens of 63 breast cancers along with 63 adjacent healthy tissues in Kurdistan Province, Iran, were collected from 2019 to 2020 and assayed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). The results of the Mann-Whitney test illustrated that the concentration of Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Cu, and Se were significantly elevated in cancerous tissue (p < 0.05), while Zn was the only trace element with higher levels in healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Moreover, weak to moderate correlations between elements were observed in the cancerous group including Al-Cr (r=0.60), As-Cu (r=0.52), and Cu-Se (r=0.56). In contrast, no correlation over 0.50 was found between trace elements in the non-cancerous group. Raw risk differences (RDs) accounted for a significant effect for Pb, Cd, As, Ag, Cr, Se, and Zn on the development of breast cancer. In conclusion, elevated levels of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Se may contribute to enhancing the risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Centre, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Zana Ramezani
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Vahid Yousefinejad
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Namamali Azadi
- Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Khaledi
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bahram Nikkhoo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Azin Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Exposure to airborne cadmium and breast cancer stage, grade and histology at diagnosis: findings from the E3N cohort study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23088. [PMID: 34845239 PMCID: PMC8630221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular studies suggest that cadmium due to its estrogenic properties, might play a role in breast cancer (BC) progression. However epidemiological evidence is limited. This study explored the association between long-term exposure to airborne cadmium and risk of BC by stage, grade of differentiation, and histological types at diagnosis. A nested case-control study of 4401 cases and 4401 matched controls was conducted within the French E3N cohort. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based metric demonstrated to reliably characterize long-term environmental exposures was employed to evaluate airborne exposure to cadmium. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. There was no relationship between cadmium exposure and stage of BC. Also, no association between cadmium exposure and grade of differentiation of BC was observed. However, further analyses by histological type suggested a positive association between cadmium and risk of invasive tubular carcinoma (ITC) BC [ORQ5 vs Q1 = 3.4 (95% CI 1.1-10.7)]. The restricted cubic spline assessment suggested a dose-response relationship between cadmium and ITC BC subtype. Our results do not support the hypothesis that airborne cadmium exposure may play a role in advanced BC risk, but suggest that cadmium may be associated with an increased risk of ITC.
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Dai SD, Wang S, Qin YN, Zhu JC. Multiomics Landscape Uncovers the Molecular Mechanism of the Malignant Evolution of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Chronic Low Dose Cadmium Exposure. Front Oncol 2021; 11:654687. [PMID: 34858801 PMCID: PMC8631903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.654687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) from cigarette smoke and polluted air can lead to lung adenocarcinoma after long-term inhalation. However, most studies are based on short-term exposure to this toxic metal at high concentrations. Here, we investigate the effects of long-term exposure of A549 cells (lung adenocarcinoma) to cadmium at low concentrations using morphological and multiomics analyses. First, we treated A549 cells continuously with CdCl2 at 1μM for 8 months and found that CdCl2 promoted cellular migration and invasion. After that, we applied transmission electron and fluorescence microscopies and did not observe significant morphological changes in Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, or mitochondria on Cd treated cells; microfilaments, in contrast, accumulated in lamellipodium and adhesion plaques, which suggested that Cd enhanced cellular activity. Second, by using whole-exome sequencing (WES) we detected 4222 unique SNPs in Cd-treated cells, which included 382 unique non-synonymous mutation sites. The corresponding mutated genes, after GO and KEGG enrichments, were involved mainly in cell adhesion, movement, and metabolic pathways. Third, by RNA-seq analysis, we showed that 1250 genes (784 up and 466 down), 1623 mRNAs (1023 up and 591 down), and 679 lncRNAs (375 up and 304 down) were expressed differently. Furthermore, GO enrichment of these RNA-seq results suggested that most differentially expressed genes were related to cell adhesion and organization of the extracellular matrix in biological process terms; KEGG enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes took part in 26 pathways, among which the metabolic pathway was the most significant. These findings could be important for unveiling mechanisms of Cd-related cancers and for developing cancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Dong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenyang Red Cross Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Qin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Chao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Emerging role of ferroptosis in breast cancer: New dawn for overcoming tumor progression. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107992. [PMID: 34606782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a serious threat to women's health. Cancer progression is mainly derived from resistance to apoptosis induced by procedures or therapies. Therefore, new drugs or models that can overcome apoptosis resistance should be identified. Ferroptosis is a recently identified mode of cell death characterized by excess reactive oxygen species-induced lipid peroxidation. Since ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, its induction successfully eliminates cancer cells that are resistant to other modes of cell death. Therefore, ferroptosis may become a new direction around which to design breast cancer treatment. Unfortunately, the complete appearance of ferroptosis in breast cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, whether ferroptosis inducers can be used in combination with traditional anti- breast cancer drugs is still unknown. Moreover, a summary of ferroptosis in breast cancer progression and therapy is currently not available. In this review, we discuss the roles of ferroptosis-associated modulators glutathione, glutathione peroxidase 4, iron, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2, superoxide dismutases, lipoxygenase and coenzyme Q in breast cancer. Furthermore, we provide evidence that traditional drugs against breast cancer induce ferroptosis, and that ferroptosis inducers eliminate breast cancer cells. Finally, we put forward prospect of using ferroptosis inducers in breast cancer therapy, and predict possible obstacles and corresponding solutions. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and breast cancer, and provide new insights into breast cancer-related therapeutic strategies.
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Low Blood-As Levels and Selected Genotypes Appears to Be Promising Biomarkers for Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer in Women. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091105. [PMID: 34572288 PMCID: PMC8469608 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In following study we examined whether blood arsenic (As) levels combined with specific polymorphisms in MT1B, GSTP1, ABCB1, NQO1, CRTC3, GPX1, SOD2, CAT, XRCC1, ERCC2 can be used as a marker for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) among Polish women. A retrospective case-control study of CRC included 83 CRC cases and 78 healthy controls. From each study participant pre-treatment peripheral blood was collected for As level measurement by inductively coupled–plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We estimated the odds ratio (OR) of the association between blood-As levels and CRC using multivariable unconditional logistic regression models. A low blood-As level (0.27–0.67 µg/L) was associated with an increased frequency of CRC (OR: 3.69; p = 0.005). This correlation was significantly greater when participants carried particular gene variants: CAT, rs1001179-nonCC (OR: 19.4; p = 0.001); ABCB1 rs2032582–CC (OR: 14.8; p = 0.024); GPX1 rs1050450-CC (OR: 11.6; p = 0.002) and CRTC3 rs12915189-nonGG (OR: 10.3; p = 0.003). Our study provides strong evidence that low blood-As levels are significantly associated with increased CRC occurrence and that particular gene variants significantly enhanced this correlation however, due to the novelty of these findings, we suggest further validation before a definitive statement that the combined effect of low blood-As levels with specific gene polymorphisms is a suitable CRC biomarker.
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Li B, Qin S, Cai Y, Zheng K, Wang B, Li R, Huang H, Zeng M, Xiao F, Xu X. Proteomic characteristics of PM 2.5 -induced differentially expressed proteins in human renal tubular epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:103658. [PMID: 33862201 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human renal epithelial (HK-2) cells were treated with PM2.5 (50 μg/mL) from Shenzhen and Taiyuan, proteomics and bioinformatics were used to screen the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). A total of 577 DEPs were screened after HK-2 cells exposed to Shenzhen PM2.5, of which 426 were up-regulated and 151 were down-regulated. A total of 1250 DEPs were screened in HK-2 cells after exposure to Taiyuan PM2.5, of which 488 were up-regulated and 185 were down-regulated. The top 10 proteins with the highest number of nodes were screened using the interaction network map of DEPs. HK-2 cells exposed to Shenzhen PM2.5 contained CYR61, CTGF, and THBS1 proteins, while HK-2 cells exposed to Taiyuan PM2.5 contained ALB, FN1, and CYR61 proteins. Additionally, PM2.5 components were detected, PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen and Taiyuan induced obvious changes in DEPs expression, the difference in DEPs between the two cities was probably associated with the different PM2.5 components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boru Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Shuangjian Qin
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Runbing Li
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, He Q, Wu F, Xiao Y, Chen W, Jin Y, Yu D, Wang Q. Construction of Mode of Action for Cadmium-Induced Renal Tubular Dysfunction Based on a Toxicity Pathway-Oriented Approach. Front Genet 2021; 12:696892. [PMID: 34367254 PMCID: PMC8343180 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.696892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is recognized that cadmium (Cd) causes renal tubular dysfunction, the mechanism of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity is not yet fully understood. Mode of action (MOA) is a developing tool for chemical risk assessment. To establish the mechanistic MOA of Cd-induced renal tubular dysfunction, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was used to obtain genomics data of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, and Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was applied for bioinformatics analysis. Based on the perturbed toxicity pathways during the process of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, we established the MOA of Cd-induced renal tubular dysfunction and assessed its confidence with the tailored Bradford Hill criteria. Bioinformatics analysis showed that oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and cell death were the probable key events (KEs). Assessment of the overall MOA of Cd-induced renal tubular dysfunction indicated a moderate confidence, and there are still some evidence gaps to be filled by rational experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchun Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianmei He
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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El-Sikaily A, Helal M. Environmental pollution and diabetes mellitus. World J Meta-Anal 2021; 9:234-256. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i3.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chromic metabolic disease that affects a large segment of the population worldwide. Physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and genetic predisposition are main risk factors for disease development. In the last decade, it was clear to the scientific community that DM development is linked to a novel disease inducer that was later defined as diabetogenic factors of pollution and endocrine disrupting agents. Environmental pollution is exponentially increasing in uncontrolled manner in several countries. Environmental pollutants are of diverse nature and toxicities, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, and heavy metals. In the current review, we shed light on the impact of each class of these pollutants and the underlined molecular mechanism of diabetes induction and biological toxicities. Finally, a brief overview about the connection between coronavirus disease 2019 and diabetes pandemics is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany El-Sikaily
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo 21513, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Helal
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo 21513, Egypt
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Lossow K, Schwarz M, Kipp AP. Are trace element concentrations suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis of cancer? Redox Biol 2021; 42:101900. [PMID: 33642247 PMCID: PMC8113050 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer research, cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An early diagnosis substantially increases the survival rate and treatment success. Thus, it is important to establish biomarkers which could reliably identify cancer patients. As cancer is associated with changes in the systemic trace element status and distribution, serum concentrations of selenium, iron, copper, and zinc could contribute to an early diagnosis. To test this hypothesis, case control studies measuring trace elements in cancer patients vs. matched controls were selected and discussed focusing on lung, prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer. Overall, cancer patients had elevated serum copper and diminished zinc levels, while selenium and iron did not show consistent changes for all four cancer types. Within the tumor tissue, mainly copper and selenium are accumulating. Whether these concentrations also predict the survival probability of cancer patients needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lossow
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anna P Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
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Rocha PRS, Oliveira VD, Vasques CI, Dos Reis PED, Amato AA. Exposure to endocrine disruptors and risk of breast cancer: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 161:103330. [PMID: 33862246 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the association between human exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs) and the risk of breast cancer. METHODS This was a systematic review conducted by searching Cochrane Library, LILACS, Livivo, PubMed, and Science Direct. Observational studies addressing the association between exposure to EDs and breast cancer risk in adults were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the National Toxicology Program's Office of Health Assessment Translation tool. RESULTS a total of 37 studies were included. Most studies reported that exposure to organochlorine pesticides, phthalates, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was associated with increased breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION qualitative analysis of observational studies indicates that human exposure to EDs is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to determine whether this association is causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Roberta Silva Rocha
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário s/n, Metropolitan Center, Brasília, DF, 72220-275, Brazil.
| | | | - Christiane Inocêncio Vasques
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Elaine Diniz Dos Reis
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Angélica Amorim Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
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Brito-Marcelino A, Duarte-Tavares RJ, Marcelino KB, Silva-Neto JA. Breast cancer and occupational exposures: an integrative review of the literature. Rev Bras Med Trab 2021; 18:488-496. [PMID: 33688331 PMCID: PMC7934163 DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational factors can lead to breast cancer, though the relationship between these variables is not well established. The objective of this study was to search the relevant literature for information on the association between breast cancer and exposure to occupational risk factors. For that purpose, electronic databases were searched using the following keywords: breast cancer and occupational exposures. A total of 40 articles published in the 10-year period from 2009 to 2019 were included in this review. Workers exposed to metals such as cadmium, chemical products, radiation and night work were more susceptible to breast cancer. The findings showed significant evidence to support an association between breast cancer and some chemical products, ionizing radiation and night work. However, most studies have difficulty establishing a causal relationship between these variables, pointing to the need for further investigation of these issues.
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Nowakowski P, Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Soroczyńska J, Puścion-Jakubik A, Mielcarek K, Borawska MH, Socha K. EVALUATION OF TOXIC ELEMENT CONTENT AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF EDIBLE WILD MUSHROOMS. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wacewicz-Muczyńska M, Socha K, Soroczyńska J, Niczyporuk M, Borawska MH. Cadmium, lead and mercury in the blood of psoriatic and vitiligo patients and their possible associations with dietary habits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143967. [PMID: 33302005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis and vitiligo are common, autoimmune skin diseases, their etiology is still unclear. The relationship between environmental factors including diet and various skin diseases has been studied. The general mechanism of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) toxicity is through the production of reactive oxygen species which are known to play a role in etiopathogenesis of skin disorders. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of dietary habits on the concentration of Cd, Pb and Hg in the peripheral blood samples of patients with psoriasis and vitiligo. METHODS In this case-control study, sixty patients with psoriasis, fifty patients with vitiligo and fifty eight healthy people were examined. Blood levels of Cd, Pb and Hg were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Food-frequency questionnaires were implemented to collect the dietary data. RESULTS Significant differences (p < 0.05) of Cd levels were found between women and men with psoriasis and women and men in the control group. The concentration of Pb was significantly higher among vitiligo patients (50.04 ± 26.54 μg/L) than in healthy controls (36.04 ± 27.35 μg/L). Significantly lower ratio of Se/Pb, Zn/Pb and Cu/Pb was found among psoriatic men. Significantly (p < 0.05) lower values of Se/Hg ratio were observed among vitiligo patients compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The elevated levels of toxic elements could increase oxidative stress which may partly contribute to inflammation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and vitiligo, which requires further research. Analysis of the influence of frequent consumption of food products on toxic metals concentration showed that the dietary habits have impact on the content of examined toxic metals in the blood of patients. The obtained results may be useful for composing the diet and could be helpful in prevention of psoriasis and vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wacewicz-Muczyńska
- Department of Specialist Cosmetology, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Soroczyńska
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Niczyporuk
- Department of Esthetic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland; Outdoor-Patients Dermatological Department, Medical University of Bialystok Clinical Hospital, Żurawia 14 St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria H Borawska
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Planeta K, Kubala-Kukus A, Drozdz A, Matusiak K, Setkowicz Z, Chwiej J. The assessment of the usability of selected instrumental techniques for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3704. [PMID: 33580127 PMCID: PMC7881205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fundamental role of major, minor and trace elements in different physiological and pathological processes occurring in living organism makes that elemental analysis of biomedical samples becomes more and more popular issue. The most often used tools for analysis of the elemental composition of biological samples include Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (F-AAS and GF-AAS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Each of these techniques has many advantages and limitations that should be considered in the first stage of planning the measurement procedure. Their reliability can be checked in the validation process and the precision, trueness and detection limits of elements belong to the most frequently determined validation parameters. The main purpose of this paper was the discussion of selected instrumental techniques (F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES and ICP-MS) in term of the achieved validation parameters and the usefulness in the analysis of biological samples. The focus in the detailed literature studies was also put on the methods of preparation of the biomedical samples. What is more based on the own data the usefulness of the total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for the elemental analysis of animal tissues was examined. The detection limits of elements, precision and trueness for the technique were determined and compared with the literature data concerning other of the discussed techniques of elemental analysis. Reassuming, the following paper is to serve as a guide and comprehensive source of information concerning the validation parameters achievable in different instrumental techniques used for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Planeta
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aldona Kubala-Kukus
- Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Holly Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Drozdz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
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Enhanced Cadmium Accumulation and Tolerance in Transgenic Hairy Roots of Solanum nigrum L. Expressing Iron-Regulated Transporter Gene IRT1. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10120324. [PMID: 33287205 PMCID: PMC7761695 DOI: 10.3390/life10120324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Solanum nigrum L., a hyperaccumulator of cadmium (Cd), is regarded as a promising candidate for phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution. In the present study, the hairy roots of Solanum nigrum L. were selected as a model plant system to study the potential application of Iron-regulated Transporter Gene (IRT1) for the efficient phytoremediation of Cd pollution. The transgenic hairy roots of Solanum nigrum L. expressing the IRT1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana were successfully obtained via the Agrobacterium tumegaciens-mediated method. Expression of IRT1 reduced Cd stress-induced phytotoxic effects. Significantly superior root growth, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and less cell apoptosis were observed in the transgenic hairy roots of Solanum nigrum L. compared to the wild-type lines under Cd stress. Enhanced Cd accumulation was also carried out in the transgenic hairy roots compared to the control (886.8 μg/g vs. 745.0 μg/g). These results provide an important understanding of the Cd tolerance mechanism of transgenic IRT1 hairy roots of Solanum nigrum L., and are of particular importance to the development of a transgenic candidate for efficient phytoremediation process.
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Liang ZZ, Zhu RM, Li YL, Jiang HM, Li RB, Tang LY, Wang Q, Ren ZF. Differential epigenetic and transcriptional profile in MCF-7 breast cancer cells exposed to cadmium. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:128148. [PMID: 33113665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been confirmed to be associated with breast carcinogenesis, but the mechanism was not clarified yet. Given that epigenetic modification was speculated as underlying mechanism, we examined the differential epigenome caused by Cd in breast cancer cells. Profiles of DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and message RNA (mRNA) were derived from Cd-treated and untreated MCF-7 breast cancer cells by microarray. We identified 997 target genes epigenetically regulated by Cd through cross-verification with the differential epigenome and transcriptome, and 400 of them were further validated in a breast cancer cohort. Biological function analyses suggested that several pathways were involved in Cd-induced breast carcinogenesis, such as Wnt signaling, metabolism, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. TXNRD1 and CCT3 were further identified as the critical genes based on the degree of expression change, hazard ratio difference, and connectivity. The present study revealed that Cd epigenetically regulated several pathways involving in breast carcinogenesis, particularly the Wnt signaling and metabolic pathways, among which TXNRD1 and CCT3 might play critical roles. It was also suggested that Cd and HPV infection might jointly participate in breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Zhi Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui-Mei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yue-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jiang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Bi Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ze-Fang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Cuenca-Micó O, Aceves C. Micronutrients and Breast Cancer Progression: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123613. [PMID: 33255538 PMCID: PMC7759972 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies on micronutrient consumption have reported protective associations in the incidence and/or progression of various cancer types. Supplementation with some of these micronutrients has been analyzed, showing chemoprotection, low toxicity, antiproliferation, and the ability to modify epigenetic signatures in various cancer models. This review investigates the reported effects of micronutrient intake or supplementation in breast cancer progression. A PubMed search was conducted with the keywords "micronutrients breast cancer progression", and the results were analyzed. The selected micronutrients were vitamins (C, D, and E), folic acid, metals (Cu, Fe, Se, and Zn), fatty acids, polyphenols, and iodine. The majority of in vitro models showed antiproliferative, cell-cycle arrest, and antimetastatic effects for almost all the micronutrients analyzed, but these effects do not reflect animal or human studies. Only one clinical trial with vitamin D and one pilot study with molecular iodine showed favorable overall survival and disease-free interval.
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Filippini T, Torres D, Lopes C, Carvalho C, Moreira P, Naska A, Kasdagli MI, Malavolti M, Orsini N, Vinceti M. Cadmium exposure and risk of breast cancer: A dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105879. [PMID: 32599354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that has been implicated in breast cancer etiology, albeit with inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE To investigate the shape of the relation between cadmium exposure and breast cancer incidence and mortality in cohort studies. DATA SOURCES Following a literature search through April 14, 2020, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the shape of the relation between cadmium exposure (assessed either through diet or urine excretion) and disease incidence and mortality. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA For inclusion, a study had to report incidence or mortality for breast cancer according to baseline cadmium exposure category; be a prospective cohort, case-cohort or nested case-control study with a minimum one-year follow-up, and reporting effect estimates for all exposure categories. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Studies were evaluated using the ROBINS-E risk of bias tool. The effects in humans were assessed quantitatively using one-stage dose-response meta-analysis in a random effects meta-analytical model. RESULTS We identified 10 studies eligible for inclusion in the dose-response meta-analysis, six based on cadmium dietary intake, and four on urinary excretion levels. We found a marginal and imprecise positive relation between dietary cadmium intake and breast cancer, and no association when urinary cadmium excretion was used for exposure assessment. Compared to no exposure, at 20 µg/day of cadmium intake the summary risk ratio was 1.12 (95% confidence interval 0.80-1.56), while at 2 µg/g creatinine of cadmium excretion the summary risk ratio was 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.38-2.14). Analysis restricted to post-menopausal women showed no association between either dietary or urinary cadmium and subsequent breast cancer incidence and mortality. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found scant evidence of a positive association between cadmium and breast cancer. Available data were too limited to carry out stratified analyses according to age, smoking and hormone receptor status. Therefore, possible associations between cadmium exposure and breast cancer in selected subgroups cannot be entirely ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Duarte Torres
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Food and Nutrition Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Unit of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Carvalho
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Food and Nutrition Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Food and Nutrition Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Androniki Naska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Iosifina Kasdagli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Orsini
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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Qin S, Li B, Wang X, Huang H, Zeng M, Xiao F, Xu X. Metal Element Detection and Carcinogenicity Risk Assessment of PM 2.5 Samples. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1273-1276. [PMID: 32323372 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to conduct metal element analysis and carcinogenicity risk assessment of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) from Shenzhen and Taiyuan. Samples of PM2.5 were collected in Shenzhen and Taiyuan during the yeas 2017 and 2018. Ten heavy metal elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Health risk was assessed using the recommended US Environmental Protection Agency model. Metal elements found in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, V, As, Ni, Cd, and Co. Metal elements found in Taiyuan included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Ni, V, Cd, and Co. There were significant differences in Pb, Mn, Al, As, and Ni levels between Shenzhen and Taiyuan (p < 0.05); but the remaining element levels did not show significant differences between the 2 cities. Risk-assessment data showed higher total risk from 5 carcinogenic metal elements in Taiyuan (3.79 × 10-4 ) compared to Shenzhen (2.44 × 10-4 ): Cr had the highest carcinogenicity risk (>10-4 ), followed by As, Ni, and Cd (10-6 ~ 10-4 ), and Pb had the lowest risk (<10-6 ). The results indicated that some of the metal elements in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen and Taiyuan pose a carcinogenicity risk; further research and measures for prevention and control should be considered. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1273-1276. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjian Qin
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Boru Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Shenzhen Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Institute of Environment and Health, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Gong Z, Xiong L, Shi H, Yang S, Herrera-Estrella LR, Xu G, Chao DY, Li J, Wang PY, Qin F, Li J, Ding Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Guo Y, Zhu JK. Plant abiotic stress response and nutrient use efficiency. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:635-674. [PMID: 32246404 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 504] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these environmental challenges, transmit the stress signals within cells as well as between cells and tissues, and make appropriate adjustments in their growth and development in order to survive and reproduce. In recent years, significant progress has been made on many fronts of the stress signaling research, particularly in understanding the downstream signaling events that culminate at the activation of stress- and nutrient limitation-responsive genes, cellular ion homeostasis, and growth adjustment. However, the revelation of the early events of stress signaling, particularly the identification of primary stress sensors, still lags behind. In this review, we summarize recent work on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant abiotic stress and nutrient limitation sensing and signaling and discuss new directions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowlong Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Luis R Herrera-Estrella
- Plant and Soil Science Department (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (Langebio), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Irapuato, 36610, México.,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng-Yun Wang
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 457000, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jijang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanglin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Filippini T, Upson K, Adani G, Malagoli C, Baraldi C, Michalke B, Vinceti M. Comparison of Methodologies to Estimate Dietary Cadmium Intake in an Italian Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2264. [PMID: 32230925 PMCID: PMC7177715 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a metal that is toxic to humans, and the major source of cadmium exposure in the non-smoking general population is diet. To identify major food sources and lower exposure from diet, an accurate estimate of dietary cadmium intake is needed. Hence, the objectives of this study are to develop a method to assess dietary cadmium intake using a biomarker measurement and to improve the estimation of dietary cadmium intake when using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In a random sample of an Italian population, we collected dietary habits by FFQ and measured cadmium in foods and beverages. These data were used to compute the estimated weekly dietary intake (WDI) of cadmium (µg) by kilogram (kg) of body weight (bw) (WDIFFQ). We also measured fasting serum cadmium levels by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We used these data to develop a model for the estimation of the biomarker-derived dietary cadmium intake (WDIbio). In the 51 subjects recruited, the median level of serum cadmium was 0.041 µg/L (interquartile range (IQR): 0.030-0.054). The median WDIFFQ and WDIbio were 1.34 µg/kg bw/week (IQR: 0.86-1.70) and 0.72 µg/kg bw/week (IQR: 0.55-1.11), respectively. The correlation between the two estimates was low-to-moderate (r = 0.291). In exploratory analyses, the correlation was slightly higher in women and participants ages <50 years, and markedly higher in participants with body mass index <25 kg/m2 and smokers. Our approach allows for the dietary contribution to be isolated from the overall cadmium exposure measured with a biomarker; the estimated dietary cadmium intake was roughly similar to that estimated using the FFQ, especially in select subgroups. Future refinements to the biomarker-derived dietary cadmium intake approach should take into consideration additional sources of cadmium exposure, as well as factors affecting its absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center—Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Kristen Upson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Giorgia Adani
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center—Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center—Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Claudia Baraldi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center—Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Sanagoo A, Kiani F, Saei Gharenaz M, Sayehmiri F, Koohi F, Jouybari L, Dousti M. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of serum and tumor tissue iron and risk of breast cancer. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:1-11. [PMID: 32042380 PMCID: PMC6992715 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have investigated the effects of iron on breast carcinogenesis and reported different findings about the association between Fe and breast cancer risk. This study was conducted to estimate this effect using meta-analysis method. METHODS A total of 20 articles published between 1984 and 2017 worldwide were selected through searching PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Keywords such Breast Cancer, Neoplasm, Trace elements, Iron, Breast tissue concentration, Plasma concentration, Scalp hair concentration, toenail concentration and their combination were used in the search. RESULTS The total number of participants was 4,110 individuals comprising 1,624 patients with breast cancer and 2,486 healthy subjects. Fe concentration was measured in the various subgroups in both case and control groups. There were significant correlations between Fe concentration and breast cancer in breast tissue subgroup (SMD: 0.67 [95% CI: 0.17 to 1.17; P=0.009]). Whereas, there was no meaningful difference in Fe status between women with and without breast cancer related to scalp hair and plasma subgroups; (SMD: -3.74 [95% CI: -7.58 to 0.10; P=0.056] and (SMD:-1.14[95% CI: -2.30 to 0.03; P=0.055], respectively. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis indicated a positive and straight association between iron concentrations and risk of breast cancer but because of high heterogeneity we recommend more accurate future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Sanagoo
- Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Marzieh Saei Gharenaz
- Students Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Student Research Committee, Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Koohi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Leila Jouybari
- Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majjid Dousti
- Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Darwish WS, Chen Z, Li Y, Wu Y, Chiba H, Hui SP. Identification of cadmium-produced lipid hydroperoxides, transcriptomic changes in antioxidant enzymes, xenobiotic transporters, and pro-inflammatory markers in human breast cancer cells (MCF7) and protection with fat-soluble vitamins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:1978-1990. [PMID: 31768957 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that is regarded as a metallohormone with estrogen-like properties. The present study aimed at identification of lipid hydroperoxides produced in human breast cancer (MCF7) exposed to cadmium (Cd) at environmentally relevant levels. Cd induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress and produced a series of 26 lipid hydroperoxide species including 14 phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides (PC-OOH), 9 triacylglycerol hydroperoxides (TG-OOH), and 3 cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides (CE-OOH). Among these hydroperoxides, PC34:2-OOH, PC34:3-OOH, TG60:14-OOH, TG48:5-OOH, TG60:15-OOH, and CE20:4-OOH were produced in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting these as possible biomarkers for Cd exposure in MCF7 cells. In addition, Cd led to significant decreases in the gene expressions of antioxidants, detoxification enzymes, and xenobiotic transporters. In a protection trial, co-exposure of MCF7 cells to fat-soluble vitamins including vitamin A, D, and E reduced Cd-induced cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Fat-soluble vitamins upregulated antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, and xenobiotic transporters. Therefore, dietary supplementation of such micronutrients is recommended for people at risk for exposure to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Zhen Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yonghan Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yue Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi 4-2-1-15, Higashi Ku, Sapporo, 007-0894, Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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Sun Y, Lu Q, Cao Y, Wang M, Cheng X, Yan Q. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism of the Hairy Roots of Brassica campestris L. in Response to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010180. [PMID: 31888010 PMCID: PMC6981690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassica campestris L., a hyperaccumulator of cadmium (Cd), is considered a candidate plant for efficient phytoremediation. The hairy roots of Brassica campestris L are chosen here as a model plant system to investigate the response mechanism of Brassica campestris L. to Cd stress. High-throughput sequencing technology is used to identify genes related to Cd tolerance. A total of 2394 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are identified by RNA-Seq analysis, among which 1564 genes are up-regulated, and 830 genes are down-regulated. Data from the gene ontology (GO) analysis indicate that DEGs are mainly involved in metabolic processes. Glutathione metabolism, in which glutathione synthetase and glutathione S-transferase are closely related to Cd stress, is identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. A Western blot shows that glutathione synthetase and glutathione S-transferase are involved in Cd tolerance. These results provide a preliminary understanding of the Cd tolerance mechanism of Brassica campestris L. and are, hence, of particular importance to the future development of an efficient phytoremediation process based on hairy root cultures, genetic modification, and the subsequent regeneration of the whole plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiyu Cheng
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Q.Y.); Tel.: +86-138-1027-4418 (X.C.); +86-138-1093-8871 (Q.Y.)
| | - Qiong Yan
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Q.Y.); Tel.: +86-138-1027-4418 (X.C.); +86-138-1093-8871 (Q.Y.)
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Leso V, Ercolano ML, Cioffi DL, Iavicoli I. Occupational Chemical Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk According to Hormone Receptor Status: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121882. [PMID: 31783577 PMCID: PMC6966433 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers include a heterogeneous group of diseases with clinical behaviors that may vary according to the hormonal receptor status. However, limited knowledge is available on the role of breast cancer environmental and occupational risk factors in the onset of specific molecular disease phenotypes. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an overview on the possible correlation between occupational chemical exposures and breast cancers with a specific receptor pattern. Pubmed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases were systematically reviewed to identify all the studies addressing chemical exposure in workplaces and risk of breast cancer classified according to the presence of estrogen and/or progesterone receptors. Some positive associations were reported between solvent, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, organophosphoric insecticide, and synthetic fiber exposure and estrogen receptor-positive cases, while other investigations demonstrated a relationship with receptor-negative tumors or failed to detect any significant effect. Overall, further investigation should overcome limitations due to the self-reported information on work histories, the chemical classification in general categories, and the lack of environmental or biological monitoring exposure data. This may support the development of suitable and individually "tailored" occupational risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of exposed workers, particularly those with hypersusceptibility conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veruscka Leso
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-4763; Fax: +39-081-746-2133
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Zimta AA, Schitcu V, Gurzau E, Stavaru C, Manda G, Szedlacsek S, Berindan-Neagoe I. Biological and molecular modifications induced by cadmium and arsenic during breast and prostate cancer development. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108700. [PMID: 31520827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast and prostate cancer are two of the most common malignancies worldwide. Both cancers can develop into hormone -dependent or -independent subtypes and are associated to environmental exposure in the context of an inherited predisposition. As and Cd have been linked to the onset of both cancers, with the exception of As, which lacks a definitive association with breast carcinogenesis. The two elements exert an opposite effect dependent on acute versus chronic exposure. High doses of As or Cd were shown to induce cell death in acute experimental exposure, while chronic exposure triggers cell proliferation and viability, which is no longer limited by telomere shortening and apoptosis. The chronically exposed cells also increase their invasion capacity and tumorigenic potential. At molecular level, malignant transformation is evidenced mainly by up-regulation of BCL-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, VIM, Snail, Twist, MT, MLH and down-regulation of Casp-3, PTEN, E-CAD, and BAX. The signaling pathways most commonly activated are KRAS, p53, TGF-β, TNF-α, WNT, NRF2 and AKT. This knowledge could potentially raise public awareness over the health risks faced by the human population living or working in a polluted environment and smokers. Human exposure to As and Cd should be minimize as much as possible. Healthcare policies targeting people belonging to these risk categories should include analysis of: DNA damage, oxidative stress, molecular alterations, and systemic level of heavy metals and of essential minerals. In this review, we present the literature regarding cellular and molecular alterations caused by exposure to As or Cd, focusing on the malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells after long-term intoxication with these two carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Schitcu
- The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34-36 Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eugen Gurzau
- Cluj School of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 7 Pandurilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, Cluj- Napoca, Romania
| | - Crina Stavaru
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology, 103 Splaiul Independentei Street, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei Street, 050096, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan Szedlacsek
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei Street, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23 Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34-36 Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Chang N, Yao S, Chen D, Zhang L, Huang J, Zhang L. The Hog1 positive regulated YCT1 gene expression under cadmium tolerance of budding yeast. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:5049003. [PMID: 29982432 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is the cause of irreversible hazards to living organisms. Cadmium ions can induce the phosphorylation of MAPKs pathway molecules such as Hog1 and Slt2, but downstream effectors and potential activation pathways are still unclear. In this study, the RNA-seq data analysis in Cd-stressed yeast was performed to predict and screen the signal transduction pathway and the potential effect molecules regulated by MAPKs. Based on differentially expressed genes and Venn diagrams, 31 genes regulated by Hog1p and two genes induced by Slt2p, which related to carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative damage, DNA replication stress and detoxification, were characterized under Cd exposure to yeast. A cysteine-specific transporter (Yct1) modulated by Hog1 was confirmed via RNA-seq results. Meanwhile, we tested the Cd-sensitivity, intracellular Cd concentrations and β-galactosidase assay, and results indicated that the hypersensitivity of the hog1 mutant to Cd was partly abrogated in YCT1 gene deletion, induction of YCT1 was dependent on Hog1 and its transcription factors, and Yct1p would be epistatic to the Hog1p in Cd-tolerance. The investigation of the transcriptome of MAPKs under Cd stress provided valuable information for future molecular studies of Cd-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Shunyu Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Deguang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Lilin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
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Wang Y, Shi L, Li J, Li L, Wang H, Yang H. Long-term cadmium exposure promoted breast cancer cell migration and invasion by up-regulating TGIF. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 175:110-117. [PMID: 30897409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a known human carcinogen. Previous studies have demonstrated that Cd exposure promoted migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process have not yet been clearly addressed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether TG-interacting factor (TGIF) was involved in long-term Cd exposure-induced migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Human breast cancer cells were continuously exposed to Cd for eight weeks. Western blot and qRT-PCR assays were performed to measure the expression of protein and mRNA. Migration and invasion assays were performed to assess the migratory and invasive ability of human breast cancer cells. Our data indicated that long-term Cd exposure obviously increased the expression of TGIF protein and mRNA in human breast cancer cells. Long-term Cd exposure increased the ability of migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells, which could be inhibited by transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TGIF. We also observed that the long-term Cd exposure-induced up-regulation of MMP2 mRNA expression was modulated by TGIF. In conclusion, our findings suggested that TGIF/MMP2 signaling axis might be involved in malignant progression stimulated by long-term Cd exposure in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450016, China.
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiangmin Li
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450016, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450016, China
| | - Haiyu Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450016, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini H, Yousefi T, Abolghasemi M, Qujeq D, Maniati M, Amani J. The crosstalk between trace elements with DNA damage response, repair, and oxidative stress in cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1080-1105. [PMID: 30378148 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a regulatory system responsible for maintaining genome integrity and stability, which can sense and transduce DNA damage signals. The severity of damage appears to determine DDRs, which can include damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, defective components in DNA damage and repair machinery are an underlying cause for the development and progression of various types of cancers. Increasing evidence indicates that there is an association between trace elements and DDR/repair mechanisms. In fact, trace elements seem to affect mediators of DDR. Besides, it has been revealed that oxidative stress (OS) and trace elements are associated with cancer development. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical trace elements in the risk of cancer. In addition, we provide a brief introduction on DDR and OS in cancer. Finally, we will further review the interactions between some important trace elements including selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic, and DDR, and OS in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Filippini T, Cilloni S, Malavolti M, Violi F, Malagoli C, Tesauro M, Bottecchi I, Ferrari A, Vescovi L, Vinceti M. Dietary intake of cadmium, chromium, copper, manganese, selenium and zinc in a Northern Italy community. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:508-517. [PMID: 29548610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study provides the dietary intakes of six trace elements (cadmium, chromium, copper, manganese, selenium and zinc), generally characterized by both nutritional and toxicological features depending on their exposure. Being diet the most relevant source of exposure to trace elements in non-professionally exposed subjects, we measured content of these trace elements in foods composing the typical Italian diet using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and assessing dietary habits using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire we eventually estimated dietary daily intake of trace elements in a Northern Italian community. In the 890 analyzed food samples, the main contributors to cadmium intake are cereals, vegetables and sweets, while cereals, beverages and vegetable are to primary source of manganese. The primary contributors for copper are cereals, fresh fruits and vegetables, while for chromium are beverages, cereals and meat. The main source of selenium intake are cereals and meat, followed by fish, seafood and milk and dairy products, while of zinc intake are meat, cereals, milk and dairy products. In our Italian population sample, the estimated median (interquartile range) dietary daily intakes are 5.00 (3.17-7.65), 56.70 (36.08-86.70) and 66.53 (40.04-101.32) μg/day for cadmium, chromium and selenium, and corresponding figures are 0.98 (0.61-1.49), 2.34 (1.46-3.52) and 8.50 (5.21-12.48) mg/day for copper, manganese and zinc. The estimated intakes are generally within the average intake reported in other European populations, and in such cases well above the daily dietary intakes recommended by national international agencies, avoiding the risk of excess or deficiency. The present estimated intake data can be used to examine a specific trace element of interest and would afford enhanced health protection from those trace elements characterized by both nutritional and toxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Cilloni
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Violi
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marina Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bottecchi
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Ferrari
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health - Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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De La Cruz ARH, De La Cruz JKH, Tolentino DA, Gioda A. Trace element biomonitoring in the Peruvian andes metropolitan region using Flavoparmelia caperata lichen. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:849-858. [PMID: 30048937 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, in situ lichens (Flavoparmelia caperata) were used to assess the deposition of atmospheric trace elements in the metropolitan area of Huancayo (Junín, Peru). In total, ten sampling sites were chosen and categorized as urban, peri-urban (rural-urban) and rural areas according to land use. In addition, samples were also collected from a non-contaminated area categorized as a control site. The concentrations of 16 trace elements were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and examined by enrichment factor (EF), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and principal component analysis (PCA). Twelve of the 16 trace elements in urban and peri-urban sites present concentration higher than those at the rural and control sites (p < 0.05). The EF results revealed significant enrichment (at least twice that of the control site) of Ba, Cr, Cd, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn at most sites. PCA and HCA showed that more elements were derived from vehicular sources and fewer from agricultural and natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Rubén Huamán De La Cruz
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Department of Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National University of Centre of Peru (UNCP), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Av. Mariscal Ramón Castilla Km. 5. No 3809, El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru.
| | - Jusber Kevin Huamán De La Cruz
- National University of Centre of Peru (UNCP), Faculty of Nursing, Av. Mariscal Ramón Castilla Km. 5. No 3809, El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru.
| | - Daniel Alvarez Tolentino
- Alas Peruanas University (UAP), Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Av. Coronel Parra s/n Paradero 5, Pilcomayo, Huancayo, Peru.
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Department of Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ferritin: A potential serum marker for lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:314-322. [PMID: 30655769 PMCID: PMC6313208 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, yet current treatment options are associated with limited success. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of ferritin in HNSCC and clarify whether it may serve as a biomarker for predicting HNSCC metastasis. The chemiluminescent immunoassay method was used to investigate the differences in the serum ferritin (SF) levels between patients with and without tumors, and between HNSCC with and without lymph node metastasis. The iron content and expression levels of ferritin were detected to verify the differences between tumor and normal tissues, and between HNSCC without and with lymph node metastasis. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset was used to support the aforementioned results. No statistically significant difference in the SF level was observed between patients with and without tumors. Iron content and expression levels of ferritin heavy chain (FTH) and ferritin light chain (FTL) were higher in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. The iron content and expression levels of SF, FTH and FTL were increased in HNSCC with metastasis compared with HNSCC without metastasis. The GEO dataset further verified the results and reported that the expression level of FTH was correlated with the prognosis of patients with HNSCC. Ferritin may not be a biomarker for the early diagnosis of HNSCC. However, an association exists between the expression level of ferritin and HNSCC cervical metastasis. SF may be a potential biomarker for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with HNSCC.
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Wu D, Zhao Y, Fu S, Zhang J, Wang W, Yan Z, Guo H, Liu A. Seleno-short-chain chitosan induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in vitro. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1579-1590. [PMID: 29895197 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1464845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seleno-short-chain chitosan (SSCC) was a synthesized chitosan derivative with the molecular weight of 4826.986 Da. The study is aimed to investigate cytotoxicity of SSCC on human breast cancer MCF-7 and BT-20 cells and explore apoptosis-related mechanism in vitro. The MTT (3- [4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenylterazolium bromide) assay showed that SSCC exhibited significantly cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 and BT-20 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the effective inhibitory concentration was 100 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml, respectively. Apoptosis assay of these two kinds of cells was determined by Hoechst 33,342/PI and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The cell cycle assay showed that SSCC triggered S and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells and S phase cell cycle arrest in BT-20 cells in a time-dependent manner. Further studies demonstrated that SSCC led to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in these two kinds of cells. N- acetyl-L cysteine (NAC), as a radical scavenger, significantly inhibited the generation of ROS and decreased the apoptosis of MCF-7 and BT-20 cells. Moreover, the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins was detected by western blot assay. SSCC up-regulated the expression of Bax, down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, subsequently increased the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and activated the cleavage of caspase-9 and -3, which finally induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and BT-20 cells in vitro. Consequently, these data indicated that SSCC could induce apoptosis of MCF-7and BT-20 cells in vitro by mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Yana Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Shengnan Fu
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Zhexian Yan
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Heng Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
| | - Anjun Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin , PR , China
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50
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González-González A, Mediavilla MD, Sánchez-Barceló EJ. Melatonin: A Molecule for Reducing Breast Cancer Risk. Molecules 2018; 23:E336. [PMID: 29415446 PMCID: PMC6017232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article is to review the basis supporting the usefulness of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC) prevention in several groups of individuals at high risk for this disease. Melatonin, as a result of its antiestrogenic and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of conventional antiestrogens, could safely be associated with the antiestrogenic drugs presently in use. In individuals at risk of BC due to night shift work, the light-induced inhibition of melatonin secretion, with the consequent loss of its antiestrogenic effects, would be countered by administering this neurohormone. BC risk from exposure to metalloestrogens, such as cadmium, could be treated with melatonin supplements to individuals at risk of BC due to exposure to this xenoestrogen. The BC risk related to obesity may be reduced by melatonin which decrease body fat mass, inhibits the enhanced aromatase expression in obese women, increases adiponectin secretion, counteracts the oncogenic effects of elevated concentrations of leptin; and decreases blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Despite compelling experimental evidence of melatonin's oncostatic actions being susceptible to lowering BC risk, there is still a paucity of clinical trials focused on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Mediavilla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Emilio J Sánchez-Barceló
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
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