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Saadh MJ, Abdulsahib WK, Mustafa AN, Zabibah RS, Adhab ZH, Rakhimov N, Alsaikhan F. Recent advances in natural nanoclay for diagnosis and therapy of cancer: A review. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 235:113768. [PMID: 38325142 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the deadliest diseases, and diagnosing and treating it effectively remains difficult. As a result, advancements in earlier detection and better therapies are urgently needed. Conventional chemotherapy induces chemoresistance, has non-specific toxicity, and has a meager efficacy. Natural materials like nanosized clay mineral formations of various shapes (platy, tubular, spherical, and fibrous) with tunable physicochemical, morphological, and structural features serve as potential templates for these. As multifunctional biocompatible nanocarriers with numerous applications in cancer research, diagnosis, and therapy, their submicron size, individual morphology, high specific surface area, enhanced adsorption ability, cation exchange capacity, and multilayered organization of 0.7-1 nm thick single sheets have attracted significant interest. Kaolinite, halloysite, montmorillonite, laponite, bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, and allophane are the most typical nanoclay minerals explored for cancer. These multilayered minerals can function as nanocarriers to effectively carry a variety of anticancer medications to the tumor site and improve their stability, dispersibility, sustained release, and transport. Proteins and DNA/RNA can be transported using nanoclays with positive and negative surfaces. The platform for phototherapeutic agents can be nanoclays. Clays with bio-functionality have been developed using various surface engineering techniques, which could help treat cancer. The promise of nanoclays as distinctive crystalline materials with applications in cancer research, diagnostics, and therapy are examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Waleed K Abdulsahib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Nodir Rakhimov
- Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Berthing T, Lard M, Danielsen PH, Abariute L, Barfod KK, Adolfsson K, Knudsen KB, Wolff H, Prinz CN, Vogel U. Pulmonary toxicity and translocation of gallium phosphide nanowires to secondary organs following pulmonary exposure in mice. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:322. [PMID: 37679803 PMCID: PMC10483739 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND III-V semiconductor nanowires are envisioned as being integrated in optoelectronic devices in the near future. However, the perspective of mass production of these nanowires raises concern for human safety due to their asbestos- and carbon nanotube-like properties, including their high aspect ratio shape. Indeed, III-V nanowires have similar dimensions as Mitsui-7 multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which induce lung cancer by inhalation in rats. It is therefore urgent to investigate the toxicological effects following lung exposure to III-V nanowires prior to their use in industrial production, which entails risk of human exposure. Here, female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 2, 6, and 18 µg (0.12, 0.35 and 1.1 mg/kg bw) of gallium phosphide (III-V) nanowires (99 nm diameter, 3.7 μm length) by intratracheal instillation and the toxicity was investigated 1, 3, 28 days and 3 months after exposure. Mitsui-7 multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon black Printex 90 nanoparticles were used as benchmark nanomaterials. RESULTS Gallium phosphide nanowires induced genotoxicity in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and acute inflammation with eosinophilia observable both in bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissue (1 and 3 days post-exposure). The inflammatory response was comparable to the response following exposure to Mitsui-7 multi-walled carbon nanotubes at similar dose levels. The nanowires underwent partial dissolution in the lung resulting in thinner nanowires, with an estimated in vivo half-life of 3 months. Despite the partial dissolution, nanowires were detected in lung, liver, spleen, kidney, uterus and brain 3 months after exposure. CONCLUSION Pulmonary exposure to gallium phosphide nanowires caused similar toxicological effects as the multi-walled carbon nanotube Mitsui-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Berthing
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mercy Lard
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22 100, Sweden
| | | | - Laura Abariute
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22 100, Sweden
- Phase Holographic Imaging PHI AB, Lund, 224 78, Sweden
| | - Kenneth K Barfod
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, Microbiology and Fermentation, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karl Adolfsson
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22 100, Sweden
- Axis Communications AB, Lund, 223 69, Sweden
| | - Kristina B Knudsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christelle N Prinz
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22 100, Sweden.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Biskos G, Loeschner K, Brostrøm A, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Sørli JB, Hadrup N, Vogel U. Comparison of acute phase response in mice after inhalation and intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten particles. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:265-278. [PMID: 37312155 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation studies are the gold standard for assessing the toxicity of airborne materials. They require considerable time, special equipment, and large amounts of test material. Intratracheal instillation is considered a screening and hazard assessment tool as it is simple, quick, allows control of the applied dose, and requires less test material. The particle-induced pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response in mice caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles were compared. End points included neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver tissue, and SAA3 plasma protein. Acute phase response was used as a biomarker for the risk of cardiovascular disease. Intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles did not produce pulmonary inflammation, while molybdenum disulphide particles induced pulmonary acute phase response with both exposure methods and systemic acute phase response after intratracheal instillation. Inhalation and intratracheal instillation showed similar dose-response relationships for pulmonary and systemic acute phase response when molybdenum disulphide was expressed as dosed surface area. Both exposure methods showed similar responses for molybdenum disulphide and tungsten, suggesting that intratracheal instillation can be used for screening particle-induced acute phase response and thereby particle-induced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Brostrøm A, Wolff H, Szarek J, Berthing T, Mortensen A, Jensen KA, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Biskos G, Vogel U. Acute phase response following pulmonary exposure to soluble and insoluble metal oxide nanomaterials in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36650530 PMCID: PMC9843849 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute phase response (APR) is characterized by a change in concentration of different proteins, including C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (SAA) that can be linked to both exposure to metal oxide nanomaterials and risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we intratracheally exposed mice to ZnO, CuO, Al2O3, SnO2 and TiO2 and carbon black (Printex 90) nanomaterials with a wide range in phagolysosomal solubility. We subsequently assessed neutrophil numbers, protein and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 and Saa1 mRNA levels in lung and liver tissue, respectively, and SAA3 and SAA1/2 in plasma. Endpoints were analyzed 1 and 28 days after exposure, including histopathology of lung and liver tissues. RESULTS All nanomaterials induced pulmonary inflammation after 1 day, and exposure to ZnO, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver. Additionally, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased plasma levels of SAA3 and SAA1/2. Acute phase response was predicted by deposited surface area for insoluble metal oxides, 1 and 28 days post-exposure. CONCLUSION Soluble and insoluble metal oxides induced dose-dependent APR with different time dependency. Neutrophil influx, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and plasma SAA3 levels correlated across all studied nanomaterials, suggesting that these endpoints can be used as biomarkers of acute phase response and cardiovascular disease risk following exposure to soluble and insoluble particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Józef Szarek
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Trine Berthing
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Biskos
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus ,grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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5
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Dube S, Rawtani D, Khatri N, Parikh G. A deep delve into the chemistry and biocompatibility of halloysite nanotubes: A new perspective on an idiosyncratic nanocarrier for delivering drugs and biologics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 309:102776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Berthing T, Holmfred E, Vidmar J, Hadrup N, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Loeschner K, Vogel U. Comparison of biodistribution of cerium oxide nanoparticles after repeated oral administration by gavage or snack in Sprague Dawley rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103939. [PMID: 35908641 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rate of translocation of ingested nanoparticles (NPs) and how the uptake is affected by a food matrix are key aspects of health risk assessment. In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats (N = 4/group) received 0, 1.4, or 13 mg of cerium oxide (CeO2 NM-212) NPs/rat/day by gavage or in a chocolate spread snack 5 days/week for 1 or 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks of recovery. A dose and time-dependent uptake in the liver and spleen of 0.1-0.3 and 0.004-0.005 parts per million (ng/mg) of the total administered dose was found, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in cerium concentration in the liver or spleen after gavage compared to snack dosing. Microscopy revealed indications of necrotic changes in the liver and decreased cellularity in white pulp in the spleen. The snack provided precise administration and a more human-relevant exposure of NPs and could improve animal welfare as alternative to gavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Else Holmfred
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janja Vidmar
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Józef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-717 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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7
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Di Ianni E, Møller P, Cholakova T, Wolff H, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U. Assessment of primary and inflammation-driven genotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:526-546. [PMID: 35993455 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2106906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have a large surface area/volume ratio and are known to generate oxidative stress and inflammation that may result in genotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the primary and inflammatory response-driven (i.e. secondary) genotoxicity of two CBNPs, Flammruss101 (FL101) and PrintexXE2B (XE2B) that differ in size and specific surface area (SSA), and cause different amounts of reactive oxygen species. Three doses (low, medium and high) of FL101 and XE2B were assessed in vitro in the lung epithelial (A549) and activated THP-1 (THP-1a) monocytic cells exposed in submerged conditions for 6 and 24 h, and in C57BL/6 mice at day 1, 28 and 90 following intratracheal instillation. In vitro, we assessed pro-inflammatory response as IL-8 and IL-1β gene expression, and in vivo, inflammation was determined as inflammatory cell infiltrates in bronchial lavage (BAL) fluid and as histological changes in lung tissue. DNA damage was quantified in vitro and in vivo as DNA strand breaks levels by the alkaline comet assay. Inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo correlated with dosed CBNPs SSA. Both materials induced DNA damage in THP-1a (correlated with dosed mass), and only XE2B in A549 cells. Non-statistically significant increase in DNA damage in vivo was observed in BAL cells. In conclusion, this study shows dosed SSA predicted inflammation both in vivo and in vitro, whereas dosed mass predicted genotoxicity in vitro in THP-1a cells. The observed lack of correlation between CBNP surface area and genotoxicity provides little evidence of inflammation-driven genotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanya Cholakova
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Saber AT, Hadrup N, Williams A, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Kyjovska Z, Kurz A, Jacobsen NR, Wallin H, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. Unchanged pulmonary toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles formulated in a liquid matrix for glass coating. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:812-827. [PMID: 36480659 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2152751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of nanoparticles can increase the quality of certain products. One application is the inclusion of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a glass coating matrix to produce a UV-absorbing coating for glass sheets. Yet, the question is whether the inclusion of ZnO in the matrix induces toxicity at low exposure levels. To test this, mice were given single intratracheal instillation of 1) ZnO powder (ZnO), 2) ZnO in a glass matrix coating in its liquid phase (ZnO-Matrix), and 3) the matrix with no ZnO (Matrix). Doses of ZnO were 0.23, 0.67, and 2 µg ZnO/mouse. ZnO Matrix doses had equal amounts of ZnO, while Matrix was adjusted to have an equal volume of matrix as ZnO Matrix. Post-exposure periods were 1, 3, or 28 d. Endpoints were pulmonary inflammation as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cellularity, genotoxicity in lung and liver, measured by comet assay, histopathology of lung and liver, and global gene expression in lung using microarrays. Neutrophil numbers were increased to a similar extent with ZnO and ZnO-Matrix at 1 and 3 d. Only weak genotoxicity without dose-response effects was observed in the lung. Lung histology showed an earlier onset of inflammation in material-exposed groups as compared to controls. Microarray analysis showed a stronger response in terms of the number of differentially regulated genes in ZnO-Matrix exposed mice as compared to Matrix only. Activated canonical pathways included inflammatory and cardiovascular ones. In conclusion, the pulmonary toxicity of ZnO was not changed by formulation in a liquid matrix for glass coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jozef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zdenka Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Di Ianni E, Jacobsen NR, Vogel UB, Møller P. Systematic review on primary and secondary genotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles in mammalian cells and animals. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2022; 790:108441. [PMID: 36007825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2022.108441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the contributions of primary (i.e. direct formation of DNA damage) and secondary genotoxicity (i.e., DNA lesions produced indirectly by inflammation) to the overall level of DNA damage by carbon black. The database is dominated by studies that have measured DNA damage by the comet assay. Cell culture studies indicate a genotoxic action of carbon black, which might be mediated by oxidative stress. Many in vivo studies originate from one laboratory that has investigated the genotoxic effects of Printex 90 in mice by intra-tracheal instillation. Meta-analysis and pooled analysis of these results demonstrate that Printex 90 exposure is associated with a slightly increased level of DNA strand breaks in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and lung tissue. Other types of genotoxic damage have not been investigated as thoroughly as DNA strand breaks, although there is evidence to suggest that carbon black exposure might increase the mutation frequency and cytogenetic endpoints. Stratification of studies according to concurrent inflammation and DNA damage does not indicate that carbon black exposure gives rise to secondary genotoxicity. Even substantial pulmonary inflammation is at best only associated with a weak genotoxic response in lung tissue. In conclusion, the review indicates that nanosized carbon black is a weak genotoxic agent and this effect is more likely to originate from a primary genotoxic mechanism of action, mediated by e.g., oxidative stress, than inflammation-driven (secondary) genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ulla Birgitte Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 202, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Toledano-Magaña Y, Flores-Santos L, Montes de Oca G, González-Montiel A, García-Ramos JC, Mora C, Saavedra-Ávila NA, Gudiño-Zayas M, González-Ramírez LC, Laclette JP, Carrero JC. Toxicological Evaluations in Macrophages and Mice Acutely and Chronically Exposed to Halloysite Clay Nanotubes Functionalized with Polystyrene. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:29882-29892. [PMID: 34778661 PMCID: PMC8582073 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) have been proposed as highly biocompatible for several biomedical applications. Various polymers have been used to functionalize HNTs, but scarce information exists about polystyrene for this purpose. This work evaluated polystyrene-functionalized HNTs (FHNTs) by comparing its effects with non-FHNTs and innocuous talc powder on in vitro and in vivo models. Monocyte-derived human or murine macrophages and the RAW 264.7 cell line were treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 100 μg mL-1 FHNTs, HNTs, or talc to evaluate the cytotoxic and cytokine response. Our results show that nanoclays did not cause cytotoxic damage to macrophages. Only the 100 μg mL-1 concentration induced slight proinflammatory cytokine production at short exposure, followed by an anti-inflammatory response that increases over time. CD1 mice treated with a single dose of 1, 2.5, or 5 mg Kg-1 of FHNTs or HNTs by oral and inhalation routes caused aluminum accumulation in the kidneys and lungs, without bodily signs of distress or histopathological changes in any treated mice, evaluated at 48 h and 30 days post-treatment. Nanoclay administration simultaneously by four different parenteral routes (20 mg Kg-1) or the combination of administration routes (parenteral + oral or parenteral + inhalation; 25 mg Kg-1) showed accumulation on the injection site and slight surrounding inflammation 30 days post-treatment. CD1 mice chronically exposed to HNTs or FHNTs in the bedding material (ca 1 mg) throughout the parental generation and two successive inbred generations for 8 months did not cause any inflammatory process or damage to the abdominal organs and the reproductive system of the mice of any of the generations, did not affect the number of newborn mice and their survival, and did not induce congenital malformations in the offspring. FHNTs showed a slightly less effect than HNTs in all experiments, suggesting that functionalization makes them less cytotoxic. Doses of up to 25 mg Kg-1 by different administration routes and permanent exposure to 1 mg of HNTs or FHNTs for 8 months seem safe for CD1 mice. Our in vivo and in vitro results indicate that nanoclays are highly biocompatible, supporting their possible safe use for future biomedical and general-purpose applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanis Toledano-Magaña
- Escuela
de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma
de Baja California, Ensenada, Baja California 22890, México
| | | | - Georgina Montes de Oca
- CIATEQ
Centro de Tecnología Avanzada, Circuito de la Industria Pte Lte 11 Mza 3 No 11, Parque Industrial
Ex Hacienda Doña Rosa, Lerma Edo de
México 52004, México
| | | | - Juan-Carlos García-Ramos
- Escuela
de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma
de Baja California, Ensenada, Baja California 22890, México
| | - Conchi Mora
- Immunology
Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida 25002, Spain
- Institut
de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-Lleida), Lleida 25002, Spain
| | | | - Marco Gudiño-Zayas
- Laboratorio
de Bioinformática, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina
Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Ciudad de México 06720, México
| | - Luisa-Carolina González-Ramírez
- Grupo
de Investigación “Análisis de Muestras Biológicas
y Forenses”, Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de
Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional
de Chimborazo, Riobamba 0601003, Ecuador
| | - Juan P. Laclette
- Departamento
de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Julio C. Carrero
- Departamento
de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Cd. Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México
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11
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Danielsen PH, Bendtsen KM, Knudsen KB, Poulsen SS, Stoeger T, Vogel U. Nanomaterial- and shape-dependency of TLR2 and TLR4 mediated signaling following pulmonary exposure to carbonaceous nanomaterials in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:40. [PMID: 34717665 PMCID: PMC8557558 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary exposure to high doses of engineered carbonaceous nanomaterials (NMs) is known to trigger inflammation in the lungs paralleled by an acute phase response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR2 and TLR4, have recently been discussed as potential NM-sensors, initiating inflammation. Using Tlr2 and Tlr4 knock out (KO) mice, we addressed this hypothesis and compared the pattern of inflammation in lung and acute phase response in lung and liver 24 h after intratracheal instillation of three differently shaped carbonaceous NMs, spherical carbon black (CB), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene oxide (GO) plates and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as positive control.
Results The LPS control confirmed a distinct TLR4-dependency as well as a pronounced contribution of TLR2 by reducing the levels of pulmonary inflammation to 30 and 60% of levels in wild type (WT) mice. At the doses chosen, all NM caused comparable neutrophil influxes into the lungs of WT mice, and reduced levels were only detected for GO-exposed Tlr2 KO mice (35%) and for CNT-exposed Tlr4 KO mice (65%). LPS-induced gene expression was strongly TLR4-dependent. CB-induced gene expression was unaffected by TLR status. Both GO and MWCNT-induced Saa1 expression was TLR4-dependent. GO-induced expression of Cxcl2, Cxcl5, Saa1 and Saa3 were TLR2-dependent. NM-mediated hepatic acute phase response in terms of liver gene expression of Saa1 and Lcn2 was shown to depend on TLR2 for all three NMs. TLR4, in contrast, was only relevant for the acute phase response caused by CNTs, and as expected by LPS. Conclusion TLR2 and TLR4 signaling was not involved in the acute inflammatory response caused by CB exposure, but contributed considerably to that of GO and CNTs, respectively. The strong involvement of TLR2 in the hepatic acute phase response caused by pulmonary exposure to all three NMs deserves further investigations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00432-z.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD) Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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12
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Hadrup N, Knudsen KB, Carriere M, Mayne-L'Hermite M, Bobyk L, Allard S, Miserque F, Pibaleau B, Pinault M, Wallin H, Vogel U. Safe-by-design strategies for lowering the genotoxicity and pulmonary inflammation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: Reduction of length and the introduction of COOH groups. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103702. [PMID: 34252584 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potentially, the toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can be reduced in a safe-by-design strategy. We investigated if genotoxicity and pulmonary inflammation of MWCNTs from the same batch were lowered by a) reducing length and b) introducing COOH-groups into the structure. Mice were administered: 1) long and pristine MWCNT (CNT-long) (3.9 μm); 2) short and pristine CNT (CNT-short) (1 μm); 3) CNT modified with high ratio COOH-groups (CNT-COOH-high); 4) CNT modified with low ratio COOH-groups (CNT-COOH-low). MWCNTs were dosed by intratracheal instillation at 18 or 54 μg/mouse (∼0.9 and 2.7 mg/kg bw). Neutrophils numbers were highest after CNT-long exposure, and both shortening the MWCNT and addition of COOH-groups lowered pulmonary inflammation (day 1 and 28). Likewise, CNT-long induced genotoxicity, which was absent with CNT-short and after introduction of COOH groups. In conclusion, genotoxicity and pulmonary inflammation of MWCNTs were lowered, but not eliminated, by shortening the fibres or introducing COOH-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Marie Carriere
- INAC (Institute for Nanoscience and Cryogenics), LAN (Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Nucleic Acid Lesions Laboratory), 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
| | | | - Laure Bobyk
- INAC (Institute for Nanoscience and Cryogenics), LAN (Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Nucleic Acid Lesions Laboratory), 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
| | - Soline Allard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91 191, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Frédéric Miserque
- CEA, DES, Service de la Corrosion et du Comportement des Matériaux dans leur Environnement (SCCME), Laboratoire d'Etude de la Corrosion Aqueuse (LECA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Baptiste Pibaleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91 191, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Mathieu Pinault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91 191, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; National Institute of Occupational Health, Pb 5330 Majorstuen, 0304, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Food, Danish Technical University (DTU), Anker Engelunds Vej 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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13
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Cosnier F, Seidel C, Valentino S, Schmid O, Bau S, Vogel U, Devoy J, Gaté L. Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:29. [PMID: 34353337 PMCID: PMC8340536 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An important aspect of nanomaterial (NM) risk assessment is establishing relationships between physicochemical properties and key events governing the toxicological pathway leading to adverse outcomes. The difficulty of NM grouping can be simplified if the most toxicologically relevant dose metric is used to assess the toxicological dose-response. Here, we thoroughly investigated the relationship between acute and chronic inflammation (based on polymorphonuclear neutrophil influx (% PMN) in lung bronchoalveolar lavage) and the retained surface area in the lung. Inhalation studies were performed in rats with three classes of NMs: titanium dioxides (TiO2) and carbon blacks (CB) as poorly soluble particles of low toxicity (PSLT), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We compared our results to published data from nearly 30 rigorously selected articles. Results This analysis combined data specially generated for this work on three benchmark materials - TiO2 P25, the CB Printex-90 and the MWCNT MWNT-7 - following subacute (4-week) inhalation with published data relating to acute (1-week) to subchronic (13-week) inhalation exposure to the classes of NMs considered. Short and long post-exposure recovery times (immediately after exposure up to more than 6 months) allowed us to examine both acute and chronic inflammation. A dose-response relationship across short-term and long-term studies was revealed linking pulmonary retained surface area dose (measured or estimated) and % PMN. This relationship takes the form of sigmoid curves, and is independent of the post-exposure time. Curve fitting equations depended on the class of NM considered, and sometimes on the duration of exposure. Based on retained surface area, long and thick MWCNTs (few hundred nm long with an aspect ratio greater than 25) had a higher inflammatory potency with 5 cm2/g lung sufficient to trigger an inflammatory response (at 6% PMN), whereas retained surfaces greater than 150 cm2/g lung were required for PSLT. Conclusions Retained surface area is a useful metric for hazard grouping purposes. This metric would apply to both micrometric and nanometric materials, and could obviate the need for direct measurement in the lung. Indeed, it could alternatively be estimated from dosimetry models using the aerosol parameters (rigorously determined following a well-defined aerosol characterization strategy). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00419-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Cosnier
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France.
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Sarah Valentino
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M) - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sébastien Bau
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Health Technology by DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jérôme Devoy
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Gaté
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 1 Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
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14
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Peixoto D, Pereira I, Pereira-Silva M, Veiga F, Hamblin MR, Lvov Y, Liu M, Paiva-Santos AC. Emerging role of nanoclays in cancer research, diagnosis, and therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Pereira I, Saleh M, Nunes C, Reis S, Veiga F, Paiva-Santos AC. Preclinical developments of natural-occurring halloysite clay nanotubes in cancer therapeutics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 291:102406. [PMID: 33819725 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The natural world holds useful resources that can be exploited to design effective therapeutic approaches. Ready-to-use tubular nanoclays, such as halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs), are widely available, cost-effective, and sustainable submicron crystalline materials that have been showing great potential towards chronic multifactorial and malignant diseases, standing out as a promising anticancer nanotherapeutic strategy. Currently, several preclinical studies have reported the application of HNTs in cancer research, diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutics. This groundbreaking review highlights the preclinical knowledge hitherto collected concerning the application of HNTs towards cancer therapy. Despite their reproducibility issues, HNTs were used as nanoarchitectonic platforms for the delivery of conventional chemotherapeutic, natural-occurring, biopharmaceutical, and phototherapeutic anticancer agents in a wide range of in vitro and in vivo solid cancer models. Overall, in different types of cancer mice models, the intratumoral and intravenous administration of HNTs-based nanoplatforms induced tumor growth inhibition without causing significant toxic effects. Such evidence raises a relevant question: does the therapeutic benefit of the parenteral administration of HNTs in cancer outweigh their potential toxicological risk? To answer this question further long-term absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion studies in healthy and cancer animal models need to be performed. In cancer therapeutics, HNTs are envisaged as promising platforms for cancer multi-agent therapy, enabling the combination of different therapeutic modalities. Furthermore, HNTs might constitute suitable nanotheranostic platforms. Nevertheless, to confirm the potential and safety of the application of HNTs as nanodelivery systems for cancer therapy, it is necessary to perform in-depth in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic studies to further the translation to clinical trials.
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16
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Prinz Setter O, Movsowitz A, Goldberg S, Segal E. Antibody-Functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes for Targeting Bacterial Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4094-4104. [PMID: 34085034 PMCID: PMC8161669 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Halloysite nanotubes
(HNTs) are naturally occurring tubular clay
particles which have emerged in recent years as a promising nanomaterial
for numerous applications. Specifically, HNTs’ large pore volume
and high specific surface area in combination with their biocompatibility
make them ideal nanocarriers for bioactive compounds. This research
aims to design and synthesize functionalized HNTs, which could selectively
bind to target bacterial cells in suspension. Such a system can allow
us to treat target cells within a challenging heterogeneous population,
such as contaminated ecosystems or gut flora. HNTs functionalization
is achieved by immobilizing specific antibodies onto the nanotube
surface. The synthetic route is realized by the following subsequent
steps: acidic etching of the HNTs, silanization of reactive surface
hydroxyls, conjugation of protein A, and oriented immobilization of
the antibody. HNT functionalization is studied by a set of analytical
techniques including attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform
infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, thermal gravimetric
analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, as well as
fluorescence microscopy. The selective binding of the functionalized
HNTs to their target bacteria is observed upon incubation with live
homogenous and heterogeneous cultures using fluorescence microscopy
and high-throughput flow cytometry. Plate count and live/dead staining
experiments demonstrate the biocompatibility of the antibody-HNT hybrid
with its target bacteria. The suggested HNT-based smart carrier constitutes
a generic platform for targeted delivery that could be selectively
tailored against any microorganism by facile antibody adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Prinz Setter
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ariel Movsowitz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Sarah Goldberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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17
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Abstract
The numerous biological applications of nanoparticles in general and nano-clays in particular are rooted in understanding and harnessing their dynamic nano-bio interface. Among clays, the intrinsically-mesoporous halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have emerged in recent years as promising nanomaterials. The diverse interactions of these nanotubes with living cells, encompassing electrostatic, van der Waals, and ion exchange, along with cellular response, are crucial in determining the behaviour of HNTs in biological systems. Thus, rational engineering of the nanotube properties allows for vast applications ranging from bacteria encapsulation for bioremediation, through algae flocculation for aquaculture, to intracellular drug delivery. This review summarizes the many aspects of the nano-bio interface of HNTs with different cell types (bacteria, algae and fungi, and mammalian cells), highlighting biocompatibility/bio-adverse properties, interaction mechanisms, and the latest cutting-edge technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Prinz Setter
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200003 Haifa, Israel.
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18
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Hadrup N, Aimonen K, Ilves M, Lindberg H, Atluri R, Sahlgren NM, Jacobsen NR, Barfod KK, Berthing T, Lawlor A, Norppa H, Wolff H, Jensen KA, Hougaard KS, Alenius H, Catalan J, Vogel U. Pulmonary toxicity of synthetic amorphous silica - effects of porosity and copper oxide doping. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:96-113. [PMID: 33176111 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Materials can be modified for improved functionality. Our aim was to test whether pulmonary toxicity of silica nanomaterials is increased by the introduction of: a) porosity; and b) surface doping with CuO; and whether c) these modifications act synergistically. Mice were exposed by intratracheal instillation and for some doses also oropharyngeal aspiration to: 1) solid silica 100 nm; 2) porous silica 100 nm; 3) porous silica 100 nm with CuO doping; 4) solid silica 300 nm; 5) porous silica 300 nm; 6) solid silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 7) porous silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 8) CuO nanoparticles 9.8 nm; or 9) carbon black Printex 90 as benchmark. Based on a pilot study, dose levels were between 0.5 and 162 µg/mouse (0.2 and 8.1 mg/kg bw). Endpoints included pulmonary inflammation (neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar fluid), acute phase response, histopathology, and genotoxicity assessed by the comet assay, micronucleus test, and the gamma-H2AX assay. The porous silica materials induced greater pulmonary inflammation than their solid counterparts. A similar pattern was seen for acute phase response induction and histologic changes. This could be explained by a higher specific surface area per mass unit for the most toxic particles. CuO doping further increased the acute phase response normalized according to the deposited surface area. We identified no consistent evidence of synergism between surface area and CuO doping. In conclusion, porosity and CuO doping each increased the toxicity of silica nanomaterials and there was no indication of synergy when the modifications co-occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kukka Aimonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marit Ilves
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lindberg
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rambabu Atluri
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas M Sahlgren
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth K Barfod
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Experimental Animal Models, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan Lawlor
- CEH Lancaster, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of environmental medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Catalan
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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19
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Particle characterization and toxicity in C57BL/6 mice following instillation of five different diesel exhaust particles designed to differ in physicochemical properties. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:38. [PMID: 32771016 PMCID: PMC7414762 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diesel exhaust is carcinogenic and exposure to diesel particles cause health effects. We investigated the toxicity of diesel exhaust particles designed to have varying physicochemical properties in order to attribute health effects to specific particle characteristics. Particles from three fuel types were compared at 13% engine intake O2 concentration: MK1 ultra low sulfur diesel (DEP13) and the two renewable diesel fuels hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO13) and rapeseed methyl ester (RME13). Additionally, diesel particles from MK1 ultra low sulfur diesel were generated at 9.7% (DEP9.7) and 17% (DEP17) intake O2 concentration. We evaluated physicochemical properties and histopathological, inflammatory and genotoxic responses on day 1, 28, and 90 after single intratracheal instillation in mice compared to reference diesel particles and carbon black. Results Moderate variations were seen in physical properties for the five particles: primary particle diameter: 15–22 nm, specific surface area: 152–222 m2/g, and count median mobility diameter: 55–103 nm. Larger differences were found in chemical composition: organic carbon/total carbon ratio (0.12–0.60), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content (1–27 μg/mg) and acid-extractable metal content (0.9–16 μg/mg). Intratracheal exposure to all five particles induced similar toxicological responses, with different potency. Lung particle retention was observed in DEP13 and HVO13 exposed mice on day 28 post-exposure, with less retention for the other fuel types. RME exposure induced limited response whereas the remaining particles induced dose-dependent inflammation and acute phase response on day 1. DEP13 induced acute phase response on day 28 and inflammation on day 90. DNA strand break levels were not increased as compared to vehicle, but were increased in lung and liver compared to blank filter extraction control. Neutrophil influx on day 1 correlated best with estimated deposited surface area, but also with elemental carbon, organic carbon and PAHs. DNA strand break levels in lung on day 28 and in liver on day 90 correlated with acellular particle-induced ROS. Conclusions We studied diesel exhaust particles designed to differ in physicochemical properties. Our study highlights specific surface area, elemental carbon content, PAHs and ROS-generating potential as physicochemical predictors of diesel particle toxicity.
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20
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Di Ianni E, Møller P, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Clausen PA, Saber AT, Vogel U, Jacobsen NR. Organomodified nanoclays induce less inflammation, acute phase response, and genotoxicity than pristine nanoclays in mice lungs. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:869-892. [PMID: 32536294 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1771786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification by different quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) makes nanoclays more compatible with various polymeric matrices, thereby expanding their potential applications. The growing industrial use of nanoclays could potentially pose a health risk for workers. Here, we assessed how surface modification of nanoclays modulates their pulmonary toxicity. An in vitro screening of the unmodified nanoclay Bentonite (montmorillonite) and four organomodified nanoclays (ONC); coated with various QAC, including benzalkonium chloride (BAC), guided the selection of the materials for the in vivo study. Mice were exposed via a single intratracheal instillation to 18, 54, and 162 µg of unmodified Bentonite or dialkyldimethyl-ammonium-coated ONC (NanofilSE3000), or to 6, 18, and 54 µg of a BAC-coated ONC (Nanofil9), and followed for one, 3, or 28 days. All materials induced dose- and time-dependent responses in the exposed mice. However, all doses of Bentonite induced larger, but reversible, inflammation (BAL neutrophils) and acute phase response (Saa3 gene expression in lung) than the two ONC. Similarly, highest levels of DNA strand breaks were found in BAL cells of mice exposed to Bentonite 1 day post-exposure. A significant increase of DNA strand breaks was detected also for NanofilSE3000, 3 days post-exposure. Only mice exposed to Bentonite showed increased Tgf-β gene expression in lung, biomarker of pro-fibrotic processes and hepatic extravasation, 3 days post-exposure. This study indicates that Bentonite treatment with some QAC changes main physical-chemical properties, including shape and surface area, and may decrease their pulmonary toxicity in exposed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Józef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, DTU, Lyngby, Denmark
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21
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Halappanavar S, van den Brule S, Nymark P, Gaté L, Seidel C, Valentino S, Zhernovkov V, Høgh Danielsen P, De Vizcaya A, Wolff H, Stöger T, Boyadziev A, Poulsen SS, Sørli JB, Vogel U. Adverse outcome pathways as a tool for the design of testing strategies to support the safety assessment of emerging advanced materials at the nanoscale. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:16. [PMID: 32450889 PMCID: PMC7249325 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicity testing and regulation of advanced materials at the nanoscale, i.e. nanosafety, is challenged by the growing number of nanomaterials and their property variants requiring assessment for potential human health impacts. The existing animal-reliant toxicity testing tools are onerous in terms of time and resources and are less and less in line with the international effort to reduce animal experiments. Thus, there is a need for faster, cheaper, sensitive and effective animal alternatives that are supported by mechanistic evidence. More importantly, there is an urgency for developing alternative testing strategies that help justify the strategic prioritization of testing or targeting the most apparent adverse outcomes, selection of specific endpoints and assays and identifying nanomaterials of high concern. The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework is a systematic process that uses the available mechanistic information concerning a toxicological response and describes causal or mechanistic linkages between a molecular initiating event, a series of intermediate key events and the adverse outcome. The AOP framework provides pragmatic insights to promote the development of alternative testing strategies. This review will detail a brief overview of the AOP framework and its application to nanotoxicology, tools for developing AOPs and the role of toxicogenomics, and summarize various AOPs of relevance to inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials that are currently under various stages of development. The review also presents a network of AOPs derived from connecting all AOPs, which shows that several adverse outcomes induced by nanomaterials originate from a molecular initiating event that describes the interaction of nanomaterials with lung cells and involve similar intermediate key events. Finally, using the example of an established AOP for lung fibrosis, the review will discuss various in vitro tests available for assessing lung fibrosis and how the information can be used to support a tiered testing strategy for lung fibrosis. The AOPs and AOP network enable deeper understanding of mechanisms involved in inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials and provide a strategy for the development of alternative test methods for hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Penny Nymark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Turku, Finland
| | - Laurent Gaté
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Valentino
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Andrea De Vizcaya
- Departamento de Toxicologia, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Sabbatical leave at Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tobias Stöger
- Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Andrey Boyadziev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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22
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Hadrup N, Zhernovkov V, Jacobsen NR, Voss C, Strunz M, Ansari M, Schiller HB, Halappanavar S, Poulsen SS, Kholodenko B, Stoeger T, Saber AT, Vogel U. Acute Phase Response as a Biological Mechanism-of-Action of (Nano)particle-Induced Cardiovascular Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907476. [PMID: 32227434 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled nanoparticles constitute a potential health hazard due to their size-dependent lung deposition and large surface to mass ratio. Exposure to high levels contributes to the risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as of lung cancer. Particle-induced acute phase response may be an important mechanism of action of particle-induced cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors review new important scientific evidence showing causal relationships between inhalation of particle and nanomaterials, induction of acute phase response, and risk of cardiovascular disease. Particle-induced acute phase response provides a means for risk assessment of particle-induced cardiovascular disease and underscores cardiovascular disease as an occupational disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Carola Voss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Maximilian Strunz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Boris Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC)/Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- DTU Health, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
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23
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Danielsen PH, Knudsen KB, Štrancar J, Umek P, Koklič T, Garvas M, Vanhala E, Savukoski S, Ding Y, Madsen AM, Jacobsen NR, Weydahl IK, Berthing T, Poulsen SS, Schmid O, Wolff H, Vogel U. Effects of physicochemical properties of TiO 2 nanomaterials for pulmonary inflammation, acute phase response and alveolar proteinosis in intratracheally exposed mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 386:114830. [PMID: 31734322 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterial (NM) characteristics may affect the pulmonary toxicity and inflammatory response, including specific surface area, size, shape, crystal phase or other surface characteristics. Grouping of TiO2 in hazard assessment might be challenging because of variation in physicochemical properties. We exposed C57BL/6 J mice to a single dose of four anatase TiO2 NMs with various sizes and shapes by intratracheal instillation and assessed the pulmonary toxicity 1, 3, 28, 90 or 180 days post-exposure. The quartz DQ12 was included as benchmark particle. Pulmonary responses were evaluated by histopathology, electron microscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell composition and acute phase response. Genotoxicity was evaluated by DNA strand break levels in BAL cells, lung and liver in the comet assay. Multiple regression analyses were applied to identify specific TiO2 NMs properties important for the pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response. The TiO2 NMs induced similar inflammatory responses when surface area was used as dose metrics, although inflammatory and acute phase response was greatest and more persistent for the TiO2 tube. Similar histopathological changes were observed for the TiO2 tube and DQ12 including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis indicating profound effects related to the tube shape. Comparison with previously published data on rutile TiO2 NMs indicated that rutile TiO2 NMs were more inflammogenic in terms of neutrophil influx than anatase TiO2 NMs when normalized to total deposited surface area. Overall, the results suggest that specific surface area, crystal phase and shape of TiO2 NMs are important predictors for the observed pulmonary effects of TiO2 NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Esa Vanhala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Yaobo Ding
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Mette Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | | | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University, Department of Pathology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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