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Zwahlen DR, Schröder C, Holer L, Bernhard J, Hölscher T, Arnold W, Polat B, Hildebrandt G, Müller AC, Martin Putora P, Papachristofilou A, Schär C, Hayoz S, Sumila M, Zaugg K, Guckenberger M, Ost P, Giovanni Bosetti D, Reuter C, Gomez S, Khanfir K, Beck M, Thalmann GN, Aebersold DM, Ghadjar P. Erectile function preservation after salvage radiation therapy for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy: Five-year results of the SAKK 09/10 randomized phase 3 trial. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 47:100786. [PMID: 38706726 PMCID: PMC11067361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate effects of dose intensified salvage radiotherapy (sRT) on erectile function in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (PC) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and methods Eligible patients had evidence of biochemical failure after RP and a PSA at randomization of ≤ 2 ng/ml. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was investigated as secondary endpoint within the multicentre randomized trial (February 2011 to April 2014) in patients receiving either 64 Gy or 70 Gy sRT. ED and quality of life (QoL) were assessed using CTCAE v4.0 and the EORTC QoL questionnaires C30 and PR25 at baseline and up to 5 years after sRT. Results 344 patients were evaluable. After RP 197 (57.3 %) patients had G0-2 ED while G3 ED was recorded in 147 (42.7 %) patients. Subsequently, sexual activity and functioning was impaired. 5 years after sRT, 101 (29.4 %) patients noted G0-2 ED. During follow-up, 44.2 % of patients with baseline G3 ED showed any improvement and 61.4 % of patients with baseline G0-2 ED showed worsening. Shorter time interval between RP and start of sRT (p = 0.007) and older age at randomization (p = 0.005) were significant predictors to more baseline ED and low sexual activity in the long-term. Age (p = 0.010) and RT technique (p = 0.031) had a significant impact on occurrence of long-term ED grade 3 and worse sexual functioning. During follow-up, no differences were found in erectile function, sexual activity, and sexual functioning between the 64 Gy and 70 Gy arm. Conclusion ED after RP is a known long-term side effect with significant impact on patients' QoL. ED was further affected by sRT, but dose intensification of sRT showed no significant impact on erectile function recovery or prevalence of de novo ED after sRT. Age, tumor stage, prostatectomy and RT-techniques, nerve-sparing and observation time were associated with long-term erectile function outcome.ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT01272050.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Holer
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research Competence Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Bernhard
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Coordinating Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Hölscher
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Corinne Schär
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research Competence Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Hayoz
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research Competence Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Piet Ost
- Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcus Beck
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - George N. Thalmann
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M. Aebersold
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pirus Ghadjar
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Alberts IL, Seifert R, Werner RA, Rowe SP, Afshar-Oromieh A. Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen: Diagnostics. PET Clin 2024; 19:351-362. [PMID: 38702228 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Since its clinical introduction in May 2011, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-PET/computed tomography has quickly gained worldwide recognition as a significant breakthrough in prostate cancer diagnostics. In the meantime, several new PSMA radioligands for PET imaging have been introduced into routine clinical practice. This article aims to introduce the most commonly used tracers and their key areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L Alberts
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy, BC Cancer - Vancouver, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1H5, Canada
| | - Robert Seifert
- University Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf A Werner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstr. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Germany
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ali Afshar-Oromieh
- University Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Sundahl N, Brand D, Parker C, Dearnaley D, Tree A, Pathmanathan A, Suh YE, Van As N, Eeles R, Khoo V, Huddart R, Murray J. Weekly ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy in localised prostate cancer. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 47:100800. [PMID: 38872938 PMCID: PMC11170089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy regimens or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) are standard of care for localised prostate cancer. However, some patients are unable or unwilling to travel daily to the radiotherapy department and do not have access to, or are not candidates for, SBRT. For many years, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust has offered a weekly ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen to the prostate (36 Gy in 6 weekly fractions) to patients unable/unwilling to travel daily. Methods The current study is a retrospective analysis of all patients with non-metastatic localised prostate cancer receiving this treatment schedule from 2010 to 2015. Results A total of 140 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 86 % presented with high risk disease, with 31 % having Gleason Grade Group 4 or 5 disease and 48 % T3 disease or higher. All patients received hormone treatment, and there was often a long interval between start of hormone treatment and start of radiotherapy (median of 11 months), with 34 % of all patients having progressed to non-metastatic castrate-resistant disease prior to start of radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 52 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for the whole group was 70 months and 72 months, respectively. PFS and OS in patients with hormone-sensitive disease at time of radiotherapy was not reached and 75 months, respectively; and in patients with castrate-resistant disease at time of radiotherapy it was 20 months and 61 months, respectively. Conclusion Our data shows that a weekly ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen for prostate cancer could be an option in those patients for whom daily treatment or SBRT is not an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Sundahl
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AZ Groeninge, Pres. Kennedylaan 4, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Douglas Brand
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower St, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Chris Parker
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - David Dearnaley
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Alison Tree
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Angela Pathmanathan
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Yae-eun Suh
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Nicholas Van As
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Vincent Khoo
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Robert Huddart
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
| | - Julia Murray
- Urological Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London & Sutton, UK
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London & Sutton, UK
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4
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Yechiel Y, Chicheportiche A, Keidar Z, Ben-Haim S. Prostate Cancer Radioligand Therapy: Beta-labeled Radiopharmaceuticals. PET Clin 2024; 19:389-399. [PMID: 38679550 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men worldwide, with an estimated 174,650 new cases per year in the United States, and the second cancer-related cause of death, after lung cancer, with 31,620 deaths per year. While the 5 year survival rate for prostate cancer in patients without metastatic spread is nearly 100%, those with distant metastases have 5 year survival rates of approximately 30%. Initial diagnosis and assessment are based on PSA levels, Gleason score (derived from prostate biopsy), and advanced imaging modalities, including prostate MR imaging and PSMA-PET/computed tomography in patients with high-risk features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Yechiel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | | | - Zohar Keidar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Simona Ben-Haim
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem, Israel; Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; University College London, London, UK
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5
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Li Y, Gao D, Zhang J, Wang M, Lan X, Yu X, Chang D. Penile prosthesis implantation: a bibliometric-based visualization study. Int J Impot Res 2024:10.1038/s41443-024-00927-1. [PMID: 38851852 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-024-00927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) using penile prosthesis implantation (PPI) has recently garnered significant interest, but reports of bibliometric analyses of studies on PPI have yet to appear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to use visualization techniques to statistically and qualitatively assess the state of knowledge, current research topics, and trends in this field. The Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was searched for publications about PPI from the inception of the database to 2023. VOSviewer (version 1.6.19), CiteSpace (version 6.2. R2), and Excel (version 2021) were used for the data analysis. The results show a total of 1015 original articles and reviews on PPI published over this nearly 50 years, with an increasing trend in the number of studies published each year. The United States is the country with the most published studies (n = 578). Mayo Clinic is the organization with the most publications overall (n = 46). The Journal of Sexual Medicine has the most publications (n = 184). The most prolific author is Wilson, Steven K (n = 31). The most commonly used terms were erectile dysfunction (n = 509), penile prosthesis (n = 332), implantation (n = 207), satisfaction (n = 201), surgery (n = 200), infection (n = 134), outcomes (n = 128), Peyronie's disease (n = 121), men (n = 115), and experience (n = 109). Current research focuses on four main areas: complications of PPI, the current status of inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP), the use of PPI in radical prostatectomy and Peyronie's disease populations, and patient satisfaction after PPI. Improving patient satisfaction with PPI through improved mechanical design and surgical techniques is a key concern for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Li
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dawei Gao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meijing Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiucheng Lan
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xujun Yu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Degui Chang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Viswanathan VS, Parmar V, Madabhushi A. Towards equitable AI in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024:10.1038/s41571-024-00909-8. [PMID: 38849530 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) stands at the threshold of revolutionizing clinical oncology, with considerable potential to improve early cancer detection and risk assessment, and to enable more accurate personalized treatment recommendations. However, a notable imbalance exists in the distribution of the benefits of AI, which disproportionately favour those living in specific geographical locations and in specific populations. In this Perspective, we discuss the need to foster the development of equitable AI tools that are both accurate in and accessible to a diverse range of patient populations, including those in low-income to middle-income countries. We also discuss some of the challenges and potential solutions in attaining equitable AI, including addressing the historically limited representation of diverse populations in existing clinical datasets and the use of inadequate clinical validation methods. Additionally, we focus on extant sources of inequity including the type of model approach (such as deep learning, and feature engineering-based methods), the implications of dataset curation strategies, the need for rigorous validation across a variety of populations and settings, and the risk of introducing contextual bias that comes with developing tools predominantly in high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vani Parmar
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Head & Neck Cancer Institute of India, Mumbai, India
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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7
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Bancroft EK, Page EC, Brook MN, Pope J, Thomas S, Myhill K, Helfand BT, Talaty P, Ong KR, Douglas E, Cook J, Rosario DJ, Salinas M, Buys SS, Anson J, Davidson R, Longmuir M, Side L, Eccles DM, Tischkowitz M, Taylor A, Cruellas M, Ballestero EP, Cleaver R, Varughese M, Barwell J, LeButt M, Greenhalgh L, Hart R, Azzabi A, Jobson I, Cogley L, Evans DG, Rothwell J, Taylor N, Hogben M, Saya S, Eeles RA, Aaronson NK. The psychosocial impact of prostate cancer screening for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. BJU Int 2024. [PMID: 38839570 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the long-term outcomes from a longitudinal psychosocial study that forms part of the 'Identification of Men with a genetic predisposition to ProstAte Cancer: Targeted Screening in men at higher genetic risk and controls' (IMPACT) study. The IMPACT study is a multi-national study of targeted prostate cancer (PrCa) screening in individuals with a known germline pathogenic variant (GPV) in either the BReast CAncer gene 1 (BRCA1) or the BReast CAncer gene 2 (BRCA2). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Participants enrolled in the IMPACT study were invited to complete a psychosocial questionnaire prior to each annual screening visit for a minimum of 5 years. The questionnaire included questions on sociodemographics and the following measures: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Impact of Event Scale, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, Memorial Anxiety Scale for PrCa, Cancer Worry Scale, risk perception and knowledge. RESULTS A total of 760 participants completed questionnaires: 207 participants with GPV in BRCA1, 265 with GPV in BRCA2 and 288 controls (non-carriers from families with a known GPV). We found no evidence of clinically concerning levels of general or cancer-specific distress or poor health-related quality of life in the cohort as a whole. Individuals in the control group had significantly less worry about PrCa compared with the carriers; however, all mean scores were low and within reported general population norms, where available. BRCA2 carriers with previously high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels experience a small but significant increase in PrCa anxiety (P = 0.01) and PSA-specific anxiety (P < 0.001). Cancer risk perceptions reflected information provided during genetic counselling and participants had good levels of knowledge, although this declined over time. CONCLUSION This is the first study to report the longitudinal psychosocial impact of a targeted PrCa screening programme for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. The results reassure that an annual PSA-based screening programme does not have an adverse impact on psychosocial health or health-related quality of life in these higher-risk individuals. These results are important as more PrCa screening is targeted to higher-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Bancroft
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Mark N Brook
- Oncogenetics Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Pope
- Oncogenetics Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sarah Thomas
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kathryn Myhill
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Division of Urology, John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pooja Talaty
- Division of Urology, John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kai-Ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emma Douglas
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Monica Salinas
- Hereditary Cancer Program, ICO (Catalan Institute of Oncology), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jo Anson
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- West of Scotland Genetic Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark Longmuir
- West of Scotland Genetic Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lucy Side
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
- The University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy Taylor
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mara Cruellas
- Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Perez Ballestero
- Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Cleaver
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Mohini Varughese
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Julian Barwell
- University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- University Hospitals Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Lynn Greenhalgh
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rachel Hart
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ashraf Azzabi
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Irene Jobson
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Lynn Cogley
- Peninsular Genetics, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jeanette Rothwell
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Natalie Taylor
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hogben
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sibel Saya
- Oncogenetics Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Löffeler S, Bertilsson H, Müller C, Aas K, Haugnes HS, Aksnessæther B, Pesonen M, Thon K, Tandstad T, Murtola T, Poulsen MH, Nordstrøm T, Vigmostad MN, Ottosson F, Holmsten K, Christiansen O, Slaaen M, Haug ES, Storås AH, Asphaug L, Rannikko A, Brasso K. Protocol of a randomised, controlled trial comparing immediate curative therapy with conservative treatment in men aged ≥75 years with non-metastatic high-risk prostate cancer (SPCG 19/GRand-P). BJU Int 2024; 133:680-689. [PMID: 38469686 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older men (aged ≥75 years) with high risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) are increasingly treated with curative therapy (surgery or radiotherapy). However, it is unclear if curative therapy prolongs life and improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in this age group compared to conservative therapy, which has evolved considerably during the last decade. STUDY DESIGN The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group (SPCG) 19/Norwegian Get-Randomized Research Group-Prostate (GRand-P) is a randomised, two-armed, controlled, multicentre, phase III trial carried out at study centres in Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. ENDPOINTS The primary endpoints are overall survival and HRQoL (burden of disease scale, European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] Elderly Cancer patients). Secondary endpoints are PCa-specific survival, metastasis-free survival, role-functioning scale (EORTC quality of life questionnaire 30-item core), urinary irritative/obstructive scale (26-item Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite [EPIC-26]), bowel scale (EPIC-26), intervention-free survival, PCa morbidity, use of secondary and tertiary systemic therapies, mean quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and mean total healthcare costs. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 980 men (aged ≥75 years) with non-metastatic, high-risk PCa will initially be screened with Geriatric 8 (G8) health status screening tool and Mini-COG© brief cognitive test. Participants identified by G8 as 'fit' or 'frail' will be randomised (ratio 1:1) to either immediate curative therapy (radiotherapy or prostatectomy) or conservative therapy (endocrine therapy or observation). Participants who are unable or unwilling to participate in randomisation will be enrolled in a separate observation group. Randomised patients will be followed for 10 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION Ethics approval has been granted in Norway (457593), Denmark (H-22051998), Finland (R23043) and Sweden (Dnr 2023-05296-01). The trial is registered on Clinicaltrials.org (NCT05448547).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Löffeler
- Department of Urology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Helena Bertilsson
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Urology, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Oncology, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kirsti Aas
- Department of Urology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege Sagstuen Haugnes
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway (UIT), Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Maiju Pesonen
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Thon
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgrim Tandstad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Oncology, The Cancer Clinic, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Teemu Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mads Hvid Poulsen
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tobias Nordstrøm
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences at Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Karin Holmsten
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Capio St. Göran Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Marit Slaaen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Centre for Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | | | | | - Lars Asphaug
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Clinical Trials Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Antti Rannikko
- Department of Urology and Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Herlemann A, Cowan JE, Washington SL, Wong AC, Broering JM, Carroll PR, Cooperberg MR. Long-term Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality After Prostatectomy, Brachytherapy, External Beam Radiation Therapy, Hormonal Therapy, or Monitoring for Localized Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2024; 85:565-573. [PMID: 37858454 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To compare long-term survival among men who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP), brachytherapy (BT), external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT), or monitoring (active surveillance [AS]/watchful waiting [WW]) for PCa. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This is a cohort study with long-term follow-up from the multicenter, prospective, largely community-based Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) registry. Men with biopsy-proven, clinical T1-3aN0M0, localized PCa were consecutively accrued within 6 mo of diagnosis and had clinical risk data and at least 12 mo of follow-up after diagnosis available. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PCa risk was assessed, and multivariable analyses were performed to compare PCa-specific mortality (PCSM) and all-cause mortality by primary treatment, with extensive adjustment for age and case mix using the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score and a well-validated nomogram. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Among 11 864 men, 6227 (53%) underwent RP, 1645 (14%) received BT, 1462 (12%) received EBRT, 1510 (13%) received PADT, and 1020 (9%) were managed with AS/WW. At a median of 9.4 yr (interquartile range 5.8-13.7) after treatment, 764 men had died from PCa. After adjusting for CAPRA score, the hazard ratios for PCSM with RP as the reference were 1.57 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-1.98; p < 0.001) for BT, 1.55 (95% CI 1.26-1.91; p < 0.001) for EBRT, 2.36 (95% CI 1.94-2.87; p < 0.001) for PADT, and 1.76 (95% CI 1.30-2.40; p < 0.001) for AS/WW. In models for long-term outcomes, PCSM differences were negligible for low-risk disease and increased progressively with risk. Limitations include the evolution of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PCa over time. In this nonrandomized study, the possibility of residual confounding remains salient. CONCLUSIONS In a large, prospective cohort of men with localized PCa, after adjustment for age and comorbidity, PCSM was lower after local therapy for those with higher-risk disease, and in particular after RP. Confirmation of these results via long-term follow-up of ongoing trials is awaited. PATIENT SUMMARY We evaluated different treatment options for localized prostate cancer in a large group of patients who were treated mostly in nonacademic medical centers. Results from nonrandomized trials should be interpret with caution, but even after careful risk adjustment, survival rates for men with higher-risk cancer appeared to be highest for patients whose first treatment was surgery rather than radiotherapy, hormones, or monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Herlemann
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Janet E Cowan
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samuel L Washington
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony C Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeanette M Broering
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter R Carroll
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Cooperberg
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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10
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Bennett R, Li EV, Ho AY, Aguiar JA, Neill C, Rowe SP, Patel HD, Savas H, Ross AE. Implementation of PSMA PET/CT and alignment of ordering to SNMMI appropriate use criteria in a large network system. Prostate 2024; 84:717-722. [PMID: 38450787 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) provides appropriate use criteria (AUC) for prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) which include guidance on imaging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer and in patients with biochemically recurrent (BCR) disease. This study aims to examine trends in PSMA implementation and the prevalence and outcomes of scans ordered in scenarios deemed rarely appropriate or not meeting SNMMI AUC. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients who were diagnosed with presumptive National Comprehensive Cancer Network unfavorable intermediate, high, or very high risk prostate cancer, patients who underwent staging for BCR, and all patients staged with PSMA between July 2021 and March 2023. Positivity was validated by adherence to a predetermined reference standard. RESULTS The frequency of PSMA use increased in initial staging from 24% to 80% and work-up of BCR from 91% to 99% over our study period. In addition, 5% (17/340) of PSMA scans ordered for initial staging did not meet AUC and 3% (15/557) of posttreatment scans were deemed rarely appropriate. Initial staging orders not meeting SNMMI AUC resulted in no positivity (0/17), while rarely appropriate posttreatment scans were falsely positive in 75% (3/4) of cases. Urologists (53%, 17/32) comprised the largest ordering specialty in rarely appropriate use. CONCLUSION The frequency of PSMA use rose across the study period. A significant minority of patients received PSMA PET/CT in rarely appropriate scenarios yielding no positivity in initial staging and significant false positivity post-therapy. Further education of providers and electronic medical record-based interventions could help limit the rarely appropriate use of PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bennett
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eric V Li
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Austin Y Ho
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan A Aguiar
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Clayton Neill
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hiten D Patel
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hatice Savas
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashley E Ross
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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11
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Akhlaghpour S. MR-Guided Transurethral Ultrasound Ablation (TULSA): An Emerging Minimally Invasive Treatment Option for Localised Prostate Cancer. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2024; 47:702-704. [PMID: 38710796 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-024-03720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Akhlaghpour
- Pardis Noor Medical Imaging and Cancer Center, No.5, 25th St, Saadat Abad Ave, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Adubeiro N, Nogueira ML. Editorial for "Detecting Adverse Pathology of Prostate Cancer With a Deep Learning Approach Based on a 3D Swin-Transformer Model and Biparametric MRI: A Multicenter Retrospective Study". J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:2113-2114. [PMID: 37639187 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Adubeiro
- Department of Radiology, School of Health of Porto/Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ESS/IPP), Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Luísa Nogueira
- Department of Radiology, School of Health of Porto/Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ESS/IPP), Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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Sekito S, Onishi T, Okamoto T, Terabe T, Kajiwara S, Shibahara T. Predictive Factors for Extracapsular Extension of Prostate Cancer to Select the Candidates for Nerve-sparing Radical Prostatectomy. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:213-217. [PMID: 38741620 PMCID: PMC11088566 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (NSRP) for prostate cancer (PC) enables better postoperative recovery of continence and potency but may increase the risk of positive surgical margins. This study aimed to investigate preoperative predictive factors for extracapsular extension (ECE) of PC to select patients for NSRP. We retrospectively evaluated 288 patients with PC (576 lobes) diagnosed with 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted radical prostatectomy at our institution. Surgical specimens and preoperative parameters (prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, biopsy and MRI findings, preoperative therapy) were analyzed. Of 576 prostate lobes, the incidence Ipsilateral ECE was identified in 97 (16.8%) lobes. The higher number of unilateral positive biopsy cores, the highest Gleason score 8 or more and positive unilateral findings on MRI are significant higher in prostate sides with ECE in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, positive unilateral MRI findings (odds ratio [OR], 2.86; p < 0.001) and unilateral biopsy positive core ≥ 3 (OR, 3.73; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of unilateral ECE. The detection rate of unilateral ECE in those cases with two factors (side-specific positive biopsy core 2 or less and side-specific MRI findings negative) was 7.1% (19/269). Patients with fewer unilateral positive biopsy cores and negative unilateral MRI findings might be good candidates for NSRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Sekito
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
| | - Takehisa Onishi
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
| | - Takashi Okamoto
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
| | - Takashi Terabe
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
| | - Shinya Kajiwara
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
| | - Takuji Shibahara
- Department Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 471-2 Hunae, Ise, Mie 516-8512 Japan
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Lin S, Jiang W, Ding J, Hao S, Chen H, Xie L, Zheng X. Risk factor analysis and optimal cutoff value selection of PSAD for diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer in patients with negative mpMRI: results from a high-volume center in Southeast China. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:140. [PMID: 38802859 PMCID: PMC11131245 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is a diagnostic tool used for screening, localizing, and staging prostate cancer. Patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score of 1 and 2 are considered negative mpMRI, with a lower likelihood of detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, relying solely on mpMRI is insufficient to completely exclude csPCa, necessitating further stratification of csPCa patients using biomarkers. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on mpMRI-negative patients who underwent prostate biopsy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2022 to June 2023. A total of 607 patients were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors for diagnosing csPCa in patients with negative mpMRI. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to compare the discriminatory ability of different Prostate-Specific Antigen Density (PSAD) cutoff values for csPCa. RESULTS Among the 607 patients with negative mpMRI, 73 patients were diagnosed with csPCa. In univariate logistic regression analysis, age, PSA, f/tPSA, prostate volume, and PSAD were all associated with diagnosing csPCa in patients with negative mpMRI (P < 0.05), with PSAD being the most accurate predictor. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, f/tPSA, age, and PSAD were independent predictors of csPCa (P < 0.05). PSAD cutoff value of 0.20 ng/ml/ml has better discriminatory ability for predicting csPCa and is a significant risk factor for csPCa in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Age, f/tPSA, and PSAD are independent predictors of diagnosing csPCa in patients with negative mpMRI. It is suggested that patients with negative mpMRI and PSAD less than 0.20 ng/ml/ml could avoid prostate biopsy, as a PSAD cutoff value of 0.20 ng/ml/ml has better diagnostic performance than the traditional cutoff value of 0.15 ng/ml/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Lin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wubin Jiang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
- Department of Urology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, No. 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Sida Hao
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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15
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Friedrich NA, Luu M, Gale R, Chaplin A, Ballas L, Sandler HM, Posadas EM, Freedland SJ, Spiegel B, Kokorowski P, Daskivich TJ. Variation in content discussed by specialty in consultations for clinically localized prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2024:S1078-1439(24)00432-0. [PMID: 38762384 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multidisciplinary consultations improve decisional conflict and guideline-concordant treatment for men with prostate cancer (PC), but differences in the content discussed by specialty during consultations are unknown. METHODS We audiorecorded and transcribed 50 treatment consultations for localized PC across a multidisciplinary sample of urologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. Conversation was coded for narrative content using an open coding approach, grouping similar topics into major content areas. The number of words devoted to each content area per consult was used as a proxy for time spent. Multivariable Poisson regression calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) for content-specific word count across specialties after adjustment for tumor risk and patient demographics. RESULTS Coders identified 8 narrative content areas: overview of PC; medical history; baseline risk; cancer prognosis; competing risks; treatment options; physician recommendations; and shared decision making (SDM). In multivariable models, specialties significantly differed in proportion of time spent on treatment options, SDM, competing risks, and cancer prognosis. Urologists spent 1.8-fold more time discussing cancer prognosis than medical oncologists (IRR1.80, 95%CI:1.14-2.83) and radiation oncologists (IRR1.84, 95%CI:1.10-3.07). Urologists (IRR11.38, 95%CI:6.62-19.56) and medical oncologists (IRR10.60, 95%CI:6.01-18.72) spent over 10-fold more time discussing competing risks than radiation oncologists. Medical oncologists (IRR2.60, 95%CI:1.65-4.10) and radiation oncologists (IRR1.77, 95%CI:1.06-2.95) spent 2.6- and 1.8-fold more time on SDM than urologists, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Specialists focus on different content in PC consultations. Our results suggest that urologists should spend more time on SDM and radiation oncologists on competing risks. Our results also highlight the importance of medical oncologists in facilitating SDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine A Friedrich
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Luu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Gale
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes. Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antwon Chaplin
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes. Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leslie Ballas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles , CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, Urology Section, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA; Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brennan Spiegel
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes. Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Kokorowski
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Daskivich
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes. Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Konno S, Uchi T, Kihara H, Sugimoto H. Ten-year fracture risk in Japanese patients with myasthenia gravis: A comprehensive assessment using the fracture risk assessment tool. J Neurol Sci 2024; 460:123017. [PMID: 38640581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an immune disorder that causes muscle weakness with an increasing prevalence, particularly among the elderly in Japan. Glucocorticoid treatment for MG is problematic for bone health because of reduced bone density and increased fracture risk. The fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX®) can estimate fracture risk, but its applicability in patients with MG remains uncertain. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted on 54 patients with MG between April and July 2012. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, and FRAX® scores were calculated with and without BMD. We also adjusted FRAX® scores based on glucocorticoid dosage. Patients were monitored for major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) until June 2022. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS The study group included 12 men and 42 women with a mean age of 62 years. Higher FRAX® scores correlated with increased fracture risk, particularly in the hip and lumbar regions. The 10-year fracture-free rate was significantly lower in the high-FRAX® score group. The FRAX® score using BMD is a significant predictor of MOF risk. The hazard ratio for FRAX® scores was 1.17 (95% CI 1.10-1.26). CONCLUSION We demonstrated the effectiveness of the FRAX® tool in assessing fracture risk among patients with MG. High FRAX® scores correlated with increased fracture risk, emphasizing its importance. These findings support the incorporation of FRAX® assessment into clinical management to enhance patient care and outcomes. However, the small sample size and observational nature suggest a need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Konno
- Department of Neurology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Uchi
- Department of Neurology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Hideo Kihara
- Department of Neurology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugimoto
- Department of Neurology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
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Dahiya V, Hans S, Kumari R, Bagchi G. Prostate cancer biomarkers: from early diagnosis to precision treatment. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03508-2. [PMID: 38744755 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men. In 2020, approximately 1,414,259 new cases were reported that accounted for 3,75,324 deaths (Sung et al. in CA 71:209-249, 2021). PCa is often asymptomatic at early stages; hence, routine screening and monitoring based on reliable biomarkers is crucial for early detection and assessment of cancer progression. Early diagnosis of disease is key step in reducing PCa-induced mortality. Biomarkers such as PSA have played vital role in reducing recent PCa deaths. Recent research has identified many other biomarkers and also refined PSA-based tests for non-invasive diagnosis of PCa in patients. Despite progress in screening methods, an important issue that influences treatment is heterogeneity of the cancer in different individuals, necessitating personalized treatment. Currently, focus is to identify biomarkers that can accurately diagnose PCa at early stage, indicate the stage of the disease, metastatic nature and chances of survival based on individual patient profile (Fig. 1). Fig. 1 Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Versha Dahiya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India, 122413
| | - Sanjana Hans
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India, 122413
| | - Ruchi Kumari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India, 122413
| | - Gargi Bagchi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India, 122413.
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18
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Martini F, Pigati M, Mattiauda M, Ponzano M, Piol N, Pigozzi S, Spina B, Cittadini G, Giasotto V, Zawaideh JP. Extra-prostatic extension grading system: correlation with MRI features and integration of capsular enhancement sign for "enhanced" detection of T3a lesions. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:971-979. [PMID: 38544291 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqae065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of extra-prostatic extension (EPE) grading system and to explore the predictive capabilities of the prostate MRI while considering various MRI features such as lesion location, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and capsular enhancement sign (CES). METHODS Our monocentric study is based on a retrospective analysis of 99 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy from January 2021 to January 2023. The observers reviewed for each lesion, including location (transitional or peripheral zone, anterior or posterior location), capsular contact length, irregular bulging of the capsule, asymmetry of the neurovascular bundle, obliteration of the recto-prostatic angle, macroscopic EPE, ADC value, and CES. RESULTS Among 99 patients, 31 patients had EPE. Lesions with EPE have broadercapsule contact (24 mm vs 12 mm) with contact ≥14 mm being the optimal cut-off for EPE discrimination. Among the morphological MRI criteria used to determine the EPE, the one with major sensitivity was shown to be bulging (sen 81%), while macroscopic extension had highest specificity (100%). Univariate analysis showed as significative risk factors for EPE: capsular contact ≥14 mm (P < .001), International Society of Urological Pathology score ≥3 (P = .005), CES (P < .001), bulging (P = .001), neurovascular bundle asymmetry (P < .001) and EPE score ≥2 (P < .001), and in multivariate analysis CES (P = .001) and EPE score ≥2 (P = .004) were significant. The AUC of the EPE score was 0.76, raised to 0.83 when combining it with CES (P = .11). CONCLUSION CES in the setting of multiparametric MRI can increase diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of extracapsular disease. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This study highlights the potential of contrast media in prostate cancer local staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Martini
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Radiology section, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Maria Pigati
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Radiology section, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Matilde Mattiauda
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Radiology section, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Marta Ponzano
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Biostatistics, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Nataniele Piol
- Anatomia Patologica Universitaria Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Simona Pigozzi
- Anatomia Patologica Universitaria Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), Urology Section, University of Genova, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Bruno Spina
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cittadini
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Veronica Giasotto
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
| | - Jeries P Zawaideh
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova 16132, Italy
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Birkeland S, Bismark M, Barry MJ, Möller S. Associations between knowledge of health issues and health care satisfaction and propensity to complain: a cross-sectional survey of adult men in Denmark. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e076257. [PMID: 38719305 PMCID: PMC11086498 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate associations between knowledge of health issues and healthcare satisfaction and propensity to complain including the association between knowledge and greater patient involvement. DESIGN The present study is a secondary analysis of a larger cross-sectional case vignette survey. SETTING Survey conducted in adult Danish men. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 6755 men aged 45-70 years. INTERVENTIONS Participants responded to a survey with scenarios illustrating prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and different information provision. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Using Likert scales (scored 1-5), participants rated their satisfaction with the care described and their inclination to complain and responded to a short quiz (scored 0-3) assessing their knowledge about the PSA test. RESULTS Satisfaction with healthcare increased with better quiz performance (Likert difference 0.13 (95% CI .07 to 0.20), p <0.001, totally correct vs totally incorrect responders) and correspondingly, the desire to complain significantly decreased (Likert difference -0.34 (95% CI 0.40 to -0.27), p <0.001). Respondents with higher education performed better (mean quiz score difference 0.59 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.67), p <0.001, most educated vs least educated). Responders who received information about the PSA test generally performed better (quiz score difference 0.41 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.47), p<0.001, neutral vs no information). Overestimation of PSA merits was more common than underestimation (7.9% vs 3.8%). CONCLUSIONS Mens' knowledge of the benefits of screening varies with education, predicts satisfaction with care and the desire to complain, and may be improved through greater involvement in decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Birkeland
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- OPEN, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marie Bismark
- Centre for Health Policy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sören Möller
- OPEN, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Farabi H, Moradi N, Ahmadzadeh A, Aghamir SMK, Mohammadi A, Rezapour A. A cost-benefit analysis of mass prostate cancer screening. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2024; 22:37. [PMID: 38705990 PMCID: PMC11071254 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-024-00553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) causes a substantial health and financial burden worldwide, underscoring the need for efficient mass screening approaches. This study attempts to evaluate the Net Cost-Benefit Index (NCBI) of PCa screening in Iran to offer insights for informed decision-making and resource allocation. METHOD The Net Cost-Benefit Index (NCBI) was calculated for four age groups (40 years and above) using a decision-analysis model. Two screening strategies, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) solely and PSA with Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), were evaluated from the health system perspective. A retrospective assessment of 1402 prostate cancer (PCa) patients' profiles were conducted, and direct medical and non-medical costs were calculated based on the 2021 official tariff rates, patient records, and interviews. The monetary value of mass screening was determined through Willingness to Pay (WTP) assessments, which served as a measure for the benefit aspect. RESULT The combined PSA and DRE strategy of screening is cost-effective, yields up to $3 saving in costs per case and emerges as the dominant strategy over PSA alone. Screening for men aged 70 and above does not meet economic justification, indicated by a negative Net Cost-Benefit Index (NCBI). The 40-49 age group exhibits the highest net benefit, $13.81 based on basic information and $13.54 based on comprehensive information. Sensitivity analysis strongly supports the cost-effectiveness of the combined screening approach. CONCLUSION This study advocates prostate cancer screening with PSA and DRE, is economically justified for men aged 40-69. The results of the study recommend that policymakers prioritize resource allocation for PCa screening programs based on age and budget constraints. Men's willingness to pay, especially for the 40-49 age group which had the highest net benefit, leverages their financial participation in screening services. Additionally, screening services for other age groups, such as 50-54 or 55-59, can be provided either for free or at a reduced cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiro Farabi
- Barts and the London Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Centre for Evaluation and Methods, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Najmeh Moradi
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Abdolreza Mohammadi
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Rezapour
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liatsou I, Assefa B, Liyanage W, Surasinghe S, Nováková Z, Bařinka C, Gabrielson K, Raman V, Artemov D, Hapuarachchige S. Development and therapeutic evaluation of 5D3(CC-MLN8237) 3.2 antibody-theranostic conjugates for PSMA-positive prostate cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1385598. [PMID: 38751786 PMCID: PMC11094276 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1385598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is an aggressive cancer that can progress rapidly and eventually become castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Stage IV metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an incurable late-stage cancer type with a low 5-year overall survival rate. Targeted therapeutics such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) based on high-affinity monoclonal antibodies and potent drugs conjugated via smart linkers are being developed for PC management. Conjugating further with in vitro or in vivo imaging agents, ADCs can be used as antibody-theranostic conjugates (ATCs) for diagnostic and image-guided drug delivery. In this study, we have developed a novel ATC for PSMA (+) PC therapy utilizing (a) anti-PSMA 5D3 mAb, (b) Aurora A kinase inhibitor, MLN8237, and (c) for the first time using tetrazine (Tz) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) click chemistry-based conjugation linker (CC linker) in ADC development. The resulting 5D3(CC-MLN8237)3.2 was labeled with suitable fluorophores for in vitro and in vivo imaging. The products were characterized by SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF, and DLS and evaluated in vitro by optical imaging, flow cytometry, and WST-8 assay for cytotoxicity in PSMA (+/-) cells. Therapeutic efficacy was determined in human PC xenograft mouse models following a designed treatment schedule. After the treatment study animals were euthanized, and toxicological studies, complete blood count (CBC), blood clinical chemistry analysis, and H&E staining of vital organs were conducted to determine side effects and systemic toxicities. The IC50 values of 5D3(CC-MLN8237)3.2-AF488 in PSMA (+) PC3-PIP and PMSA (-) PC3-Flu cells are 8.17 nM and 161.9 nM, respectively. Pure MLN8237 shows 736.9 nM and 873.4 nM IC50 values for PC3-PIP and PC3-Flu cells, respectively. In vivo study in human xenograft mouse models confirmed high therapeutic efficacy of 5D3(CC-MLN8237)3.2-CF750 with significant control of PSMA (+) tumor growth with minimal systemic toxicity in the treated group compared to PSMA (-) treated and untreated groups. Approximately 70% of PSMA (+) PC3-PIP tumors did not exceed the threshold of the tumor size in the surrogate Kaplan-Meyer analysis. The novel ATC successfully controlled the growth of PSMA (+) tumors in preclinical settings with minimal systemic toxicities. The therapeutic efficacy and favorable safety profile of novel 5D3(CC-MLN8237)3.2 ATC demonstrates their potential use as a theranostic against aggressive PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Liatsou
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Betelhem Assefa
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wathsala Liyanage
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sharmane Surasinghe
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zora Nováková
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Cyril Bařinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Kathleen Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sudath Hapuarachchige
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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22
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Collins KK, Smith CF, Ford T, Roberts N, Nicholson BD, Oke JL. Adequacy of clinical guideline recommendations for patients with low-risk cancer managed with monitoring: systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 169:111280. [PMID: 38360377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to summarize national and international guidelines that made recommendations for monitoring patients diagnosed with low-risk cancer. It appraised the quality of guidelines and determined whether the guidelines adequately identified patients for monitoring, specified which tests to use, defined monitoring intervals, and stated triggers for further intervention. It then assessed the evidence to support each recommendation. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses, we searched PubMed and Turning Research into Practice databases for national and international guidelines' that were written in English and developed or updated between 2012 and 2023. Quality of individual guidelines was assessed using the AGREE II tool. RESULTS Across the 41 published guidelines, 48 different recommendations were identified: 15 (31%) for prostate cancer, 11 (23%) for renal cancer, 6 (12.5%) for thyroid cancer, and 10 (21%) for blood cancer. The remaining 6 (12.5%) were for brain, gastrointestinal, oral cavity, bone and pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma cancer. When combining all guidelines, 48 (100%) stated which patients qualify for monitoring, 31 (65%) specified which tests to use, 25 (52%) provided recommendations for surveillance intervals, and 23 (48%) outlined triggers to initiate intervention. Across all cancer sites, there was a strong positive trend with higher levels of evidence being associated with an increased likelihood of a recommendation being specific (P = 0.001) and the evidence for intervals was based on expert opinion or other guidance. CONCLUSION With the exception of prostate cancer, the evidence base for monitoring low-risk cancer is weak and consequently recommendations in clinical guidelines are inconsistent. There is a lack of direct evidence to support monitoring recommendations in the literature making guideline developers reliant on expert opinion, alternative guidelines, or indirect or nonspecific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana K Collins
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
| | - Claire Friedemann Smith
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Tori Ford
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Nia Roberts
- Bodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3BG, UK
| | - Brian D Nicholson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Jason L Oke
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
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Luo L, Wang Z, Wang X, Gao J, Zheng A, Duan X. Fluorine-18 prostate-specific membrane antigen-1007-avid indeterminate bone lesions in prostate cancer: clinical and PET/CT features to predict outcomes and prognosis. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:346-353. [PMID: 38216370 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine clinical and fluorine-18 prostate-specific membrane antigen-1007 (18F-PSMA-1007) integrated positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) features that could be used to interpret indeterminate bone lesions (IBLs) and assess the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with IBLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT were analysed retrospectively. IBLs were identified as benign or malignant based on follow-up imaging and clinical management. Lesion- and patient-based assessments were performed to define features predictive of bone lesion results and determine clinical risk. Patients' prognosis was analysed based on clinical characteristics, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), respectively. RESULTS A total of 105 patients (mean age ± SD, 72.1 ± 8 years) were evaluated and 158 IBLs were identified. Fifty-three (33.5%), 36 (22.8%), and 69 (43.7%) IBLs were benign, malignant, and equivocal, respectively. Variables including location, maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), and lymph node metastases (LNM) were related to the benignancy or malignancy of IBLs (p=0.046, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Regression analysis indicated that LNM, SUVmax, and location of IBLs could be predictors of lesion interpretation (p<0.001, p=0.002 and p=0.035). Patients with benign IBLs experienced the most considerable decreases in PSA and ALP levels. CONCLUSIONS LNM, SUVmax, and location may contribute to IBL interpretation. A rapid decrease in PSA and ALP levels might suggest a better prognosis for patients with benign IBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luo
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Z Wang
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Wang
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - J Gao
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - A Zheng
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Duan
- PET/CT Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Yao L, Cong R, Zhou X, Zhou X, Ji C, Wei X, Meng X, Song N. Lacosamide alleviates bilateral cavernous nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction in the rat model by ameliorating pathological changes in the corpus cavernosum. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:283-290. [PMID: 36922697 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-023-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral cavernous nerve injury-related erectile dysfunction (BCNI-ED) shows a limited response to type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Furthermore, lacosamide (LCM) can alleviate peripheral neuropathy. To explore whether LCM can improve the erectile response after BCNI, we randomly divided 30 young Sprague-Dawley rats into three groups (n = 10 per group), namely, the sham operation, 0.9% normal saline-treated (BCNI + 0.9% NS), and LCM-treated BCNI (BCNI + LCM) groups. LCM was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 90 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days. Erectile function was assessed by measuring the ratio of peak intracavernous pressure (ICP) to mean arterial pressure (MAP), and tissues were harvested for transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, Masson's trichrome staining, TUNEL staining, and Western blot analysis. The BCNI + 0.9% NS group showed reduced ICP/MAP ratio (0.93 ± 0.04 vs. 0.44 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). An increased proportion of TUNEL-positive cells (0.04 ± 0.01 vs 0.87 ± 0.03, P < 0.0001) and a decreased smooth muscle/collagen ratio (0.44 ± 0.01 vs. 0.33 ± 0.01, P < 0.001) were observed in the BCNI + 0.9% NS compared with the sham group. Administration of LCM significantly restored the ICP/MAP ratio (0.44 ± 0.05 vs. 0.74 ± 0.05, P < 0.001) and decreased the proportion of TUNEL positive cells (0.87 ± 0.03 vs. 0.60 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the corpus cavernosum following BCNI. The ratio of smooth muscle to collagen (0.43 ± 0.01vs. 0.33 ± 0.01, P < 0.01) and expression of α-SMA (P < 0.0001) in the BCNI + LCM group significantly increased compared with BCNI + 0.9% NS group, indicating alleviation of fibrosis. Apoptotic markers, including Bax/Bcl-2 (P < 0.01) and Caspase-3 (P < 0.0001) in the BCNI + LCM group was significantly lower than that in the BCNI + 0.9% NS group. LCM treatment partially upregulated the expression of vWF and eNOS in cavernous tissue in rats subjected to BCNI (P < 0.05). Increases in S100-β and nNOS expression in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG) were observed after LCM administration. In summary, LCM can recover erectile function in BCNI-ED rat model by suppressing corporal apoptosis and fibrosis, and protecting the cavernous nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chengjian Ji
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiyi Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xianghu Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ninghong Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Kezhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Kezhou, Xinjiang, 845350, China.
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Huang J, He C, Xu P, Song B, Zhao H, Yin B, He M, Lu X, Wu J, Wang H. Development and validation of a clinical-radiomics model for prediction of prostate cancer: a multicenter study. World J Urol 2024; 42:275. [PMID: 38689190 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-04995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an early diagnosis model of prostate cancer based on clinical-radiomics to improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis of prostate cancer. METHODS The multicenter study enrolled a total of 449 patients with prostate cancer from December 2017 to January 2022. We retrospectively collected information from 342 patients who underwent prostate biopsy at Minhang Hospital. We extracted T2WI images through 3D-Slice, and used mask tools to mark the prostate area manually. The radiomics features were extracted by Python using the "Pyradiomics" module. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used for data dimensionality reduction and feature selection, and the radiomics score was calculated according to the correlation coefficients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop predictive models. We incorporated the radiomics score, PI-RADS, and clinical features, and this was presented as a nomogram. The model was validated using a cohort of 107 patients from the Xuhui Hospital. RESULTS In total, 110 effective radiomics features were extracted. Finally, 9 features were significantly associated with the diagnosis of prostate cancer, from which we calculated the radiomics score. The predictors contained in the individualized prediction nomogram included age, fPSA/tPSA, PI-RADS, and radiomics score. The clinical-radiomics model showed good discrimination in the validation cohort (C-index = 0.88). CONCLUSION This study presents a clinical-radiomics model that incorporates age, fPSA/PSA, PI-RADS, and radiomics score, which can be conveniently used to facilitate individualized prediction of prostate cancer before prostate biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peirong Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hainan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingde Yin
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minke He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuwei Lu
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Lüdeking M, Stemwedel K, Ramachandran D, Grosche S, Christiansen H, Merten R, Henkenberens C, Bogdanova NV. Efficiency of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy in NSCLC cell model. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1293745. [PMID: 38720797 PMCID: PMC11076864 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1293745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The current standard of radiotherapy for inoperable locally advanced NSCLCs with single fraction doses of 2.0 Gy, results in poor outcomes. Several fractionation schedules have been explored that developed over the past decades to increasingly more hypofractionated treatments. Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy, as an alternative treatment, has gained clinical importance due to shorter duration and higher patient convenience. However, clinical trials show controversial results, adding to the need for pre-clinical radiobiological studies of this schedule. Methods We examined in comparative analysis the efficiency of moderate hypofractionation and normofractionation in four different NSCLC cell lines and fibroblasts using several molecular-biological approaches. Cells were daily irradiated with 24x2.75 Gy (moderate hypofractionation) or with 30x2 Gy (normofractionation), imitating the clinical situation. Proliferation and growth rate via direct counting of cell numbers, MTT assay and measurements of DNA-synthesizing cells (EdU assay), DNA repair efficiency via immunocytochemical staining of residual γH2AX/53BP1 foci and cell surviving via clonogenic assay (CSA) were experimentally evaluated. Results Overall, the four tumor cell lines and fibroblasts showed different sensitivity to both radiation regimes, indicating cell specificity of the effect. The absolute cell numbers and the CSA revealed significant differences between schedules (P < 0.0001 for all employed cell lines and both assays) with a stronger effect of moderate hypofractionation. Conclusion Our results provide evidence for the similar effectiveness and toxicity of both regimes, with some favorable evidence towards a moderate hypofractionation. This indicates that increasing the dose per fraction may improve patient survival and therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lüdeking
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Stemwedel
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dhanya Ramachandran
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sinja Grosche
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Christiansen
- Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Merten
- Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Henkenberens
- Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Radiation Oncology, Dorothea Christiane Erxleben Clinic, Wernigerode, Germany
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Bergamini M, Dalla Volta A, Palumbo C, Zamboni S, Triggiani L, Zamparini M, Laganà M, Rinaudo L, Di Meo N, Caramella I, Bresciani R, Valcamonico F, Borghetti P, Guerini A, Farina D, Antonelli A, Simeone C, Mazziotti G, Berruti A. Relationship between circulating FSH levels and body composition and bone health in patients with prostate cancer who undergo androgen deprivation therapy: The BLADE study. eLife 2024; 13:e92655. [PMID: 38656229 PMCID: PMC11042799 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Among its extragonadal effects, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has an impact on body composition and bone metabolism. Since androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has a profound impact on circulating FSH concentrations, this hormone could potentially be implicated in the changes of fat body mass (FBM), lean body mass (LBM), and bone fragility induced by ADT. The objective of this study is to correlate FSH serum levels with body composition parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover markers at baseline conditions and after 12 months of ADT. Methods Twenty-nine consecutive non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients were enrolled from 2017 to 2019 in a phase IV study. All patients underwent administration of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist degarelix. FBM, LBM, and BMD were evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 12 months of ADT. FSH, alkaline phosphatase, and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. For outcome measurements and statistical analysis, t-test or sign test and Pearson or Spearman tests for continuous variables were used when indicated. Results At baseline conditions, a weak, non-significant, direct relationship was found between FSH serum levels and FBM at arms (r = 0.36) and legs (r = 0.33). Conversely, a stronger correlation was observed between FSH and total FBM (r = 0.52, p = 0.006), fat mass at arms (r = 0.54, p = 0.004), and fat mass at trunk (r = 0.45, p = 0.018) assessed after 12 months. On the other hand, an inverse relationship between serum FSH and appendicular lean mass index/FBM ratio was observed (r = -0.64, p = 0.001). This is an ancillary study of a prospective trial and this is the main limitation. Conclusions FSH serum levels after ADT could have an impact on body composition, in particular on FBM. Therefore, FSH could be a promising marker to monitor the risk of sarcopenic obesity and to guide the clinicians in the tailored evaluation of body composition in PC patients undergoing ADT. Funding This research was partially funded by Ferring Pharmaceuticals. The funder had no role in design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Clinical trial number clinicalTrials.gov NCT03202381, EudraCT Number 2016-004210-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bergamini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Alberto Dalla Volta
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Carlotta Palumbo
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità HospitalNovaraItaly
| | - Stefania Zamboni
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Luca Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Manuel Zamparini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Marta Laganà
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | | | - Nunzia Di Meo
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Irene Caramella
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Roberto Bresciani
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMTM), University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Francesca Valcamonico
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Paolo Borghetti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Andrea Guerini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Davide Farina
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Urology Unit, AOUI Verona, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Claudio Simeone
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele-MilanMilanItaly
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Metabolic Bone Diseases and Osteoporosis Section, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital,MilanItaly
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of BresciaBresciaItaly
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28
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Pan Z, Xu X, Xu X, Wu S, Zhang Z, Liu S, Liu Z, Tu B, Chen C, Qin Y, He J. Prevalence and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in patients suffering prostate cancer: a national analysis in the United States. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1382166. [PMID: 38638883 PMCID: PMC11025351 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1382166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although the adverse effects of atrial fibrillation (AF) on cancers have been well reported, the relationship between the AF and the adverse outcomes in prostate cancer (PC) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of AF and evaluate the relationship between AF and clinical outcomes in PC patients. Methods Patients diagnosed with PC between 2008 and 2017 were identified from the National Inpatient Sample database. The trends in AF prevalence were compared among PC patients and their subgroups. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the associations between AF and in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, total cost, and other clinical outcomes. Results 256,239 PC hospitalizations were identified; 41,356 (83.8%) had no AF and 214,883 (16.2%) had AF. AF prevalence increased from 14.0% in 2008 to 20.1% in 2017 (P < .001). In-hospital mortality in PC inpatients with AF increased from 5.1% in 2008 to 8.1% in 2017 (P < .001). AF was associated with adverse clinical outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality, congestive heart failure, pulmonary circulation disorders, renal failure, fluid and electrolyte disorders, cardiogenic shock, higher total cost, and longer length of hospital stay. Conclusions The prevalence of AF among inpatients with PC increased from 2008 to 2017. AF was associated with poor prognosis and higher health resource utilization. Better management strategies for patients with comorbid PC and AF, particularly in older individuals, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Pan
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyong Wu
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suxuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Nursing, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Boxiang Tu
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxin Chen
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyi Qin
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia He
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Bostancı C, Demir DÖ. The effect of the combination of prostate-specific antigen derivatives with multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging scores on the negative predictive value of it in grey zone patients. Actas Urol Esp 2024; 48:238-245. [PMID: 37838326 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To calculate the negative predictive value (NPV) of negative multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), accepted as no lesions on images, when combined with prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) and free/total prostate-specific antigen ratio (f/t PSA) in grey zone patients. METHODS 191 patients with PSA levels between 4-10 mg/mL and negative mpMRI were analyzed. The NPV of negative mpMRI was calculated according to a PSAD level of <0.15 ng/mL/mL, f/t PSA ratio of >0.15, and a combination of both. Patients were divided into three risk groups according to these two parameters, which were PSAD 0.01-0.07 ng/mL/mL and f/t PSA ratio ≥25 in a low-risk group, PSAD 0.08-0.15 ng/mL/mL, and f/t PSA ratio 0.15-0.24 in an intermediate-risk group and high-risk group, in which PSAD > 0.15 ng/mL/mL and f/t PSA ratio <15. RESULTS NPV of negative mpMRI was 92.6% for clinically significant prostate carcinoma (CSPCa). It increased to 97.5% in a low-risk group and decreased to 33.3% for CSPCa in a high-risk group. NPV of negative mpMRI results were so close when combined with PSAD < 0.15 ng/mL/mL and f/t PSA > 15. CONCLUSION f/t PSA ratio might also be used to increase the NPV of mpMRI, like PSAD. We advise not to avoid prostate biopsy when PSAD is >0.15 ng/mL/mL and the f/t PSA ratio is <0.15. However, we need randomized controlled studies with more patients to confirm our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bostancı
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital de Formación e Investigación, Universidad de Karabük, Karabük, Turkey.
| | - D Ö Demir
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital de Formación e Investigación, Universidad de Karabük, Karabük, Turkey
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30
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Waraich TA, Khalid SY, Kathia UM, Ali A, Qamar SSS, Yousuf A, Saleem RMU. Assessing the Efficacy and Long-Term Outcomes of Surgical Intervention Versus Radiotherapy: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prostate Cancer Treatment Modalities. Cureus 2024; 16:e58842. [PMID: 38784314 PMCID: PMC11115355 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is controversy regarding the most effective primary treatment of choice for prostate cancer (PCa) in terms of patient outcomes, such as surgery or radiotherapy (RT). This study evaluated the comparative efficacy and long-term outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) and RT for PCa treatment. A thorough literature review of relevant databases was conducted, focusing on academic and clinical studies published from 2019 onwards. The inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other observational studies comparing survival outcomes in patients treated with surgery and RT. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to provide an overview of the data. We selected 19 studies based on the inclusion criteria. Of the total 19 studies, 12 advocated RP as the preferred treatment to improve survival outcomes in patients with PCa. The results of our synthesis showed that prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) was lower in patients treated with RT. The total effect size for the analysis was calculated as Z=1.19 (p-value=0.23). The heterogeneity in the studies was as follows: Tau2=0.09, Chi2=20.25, df=4, I2=80%. Moreover, overall survival (OS) was shown to be higher in patients who underwent prostatectomy. The combined effect for the analysis was found to be: HR=0.97 (0.93, 1.01). The total effect was calculated as Z=1.33 (p-value= 0.18). The heterogeneity was found to be Tau2=0.00, Chi2=1.33, df=2, and I2=0%. However, overall mortality (OM) was shown to be independent of the treatment modality. RT is the preferred strategy for PCa treatment, as it balances efficacy and long-term outcomes. Clinical decision-making should consider individual patient characteristics and future research should delve into specific subpopulations and long-term outcomes to further refine the treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Yousaf Khalid
- Department of Urology, Letterkenny University Hospital, Letterkenny, IRL
- Department of General Surgery, Letterkenny University Hospital, Letterkenny, IRL
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, IRL
| | - Usama Muhammad Kathia
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Azfar Ali
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Ammar Yousuf
- Department of Urology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, PAK
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31
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Kaufmann B, Raess E, Schmid FA, Bieri U, Scherer TP, Elleisy M, Donati OF, Rupp NJ, Moch H, Gorin MA, Mortezavi A, Eberli D. Focal therapy with high-intensity focused ultrasound for prostate cancer: 3-year outcomes from a prospective trial. BJU Int 2024; 133:413-424. [PMID: 37897088 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the oncological and functional outcomes of focal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in treating localised prostate cancer (PCa), a 3-year prospective study was undertaken using periodic post-ablation saturation biopsies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Men with two or fewer lesions of grade group (GG) ≤3 PCa were eligible for participation. Additional criteria included a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of ≤15 ng/mL, clinical T1c-T2, and a life expectancy of ≥10 years. The primary endpoint was failure-free survival (FFS), defined as absence of clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in- or out-of-field on protocol-mandated saturation biopsy, no whole-gland or systemic salvage treatment, PCa metastasis, or PCa-related death. Results are reported using two distinct definitions of csPCa: (i) the presence of any GG ≥2 and (ii) any GG ≥3 or core involvement of ≥6 mm. Secondary endpoints were functional patient-reported outcome measures addressing urinary, sexual, and bowel function. RESULTS A total of 91 patients were included: six (7%) with GG1 and 85 (93%) with GG ≥2. In all, 83 (91%) underwent at least one follow-up biopsy. Biopsy attendance at 6, 12, and 36 months was 84%, 67%, and 51%, respectively. The FFS at these time points for any GG ≥2 PCa was 79% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80-88%), 57% (95% CI 48-69%) and 44% (95% CI 34-56%), respectively. Using the second definition, FFS were 88% (95% CI 81-95%), 70% (95% CI 61-81%) and 65% (95% CI 55-77%), respectively. The 3-year cancer-specific survival was 100%, and freedom from metastasis was 99%. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (negative predictive value of up to 89%, 95% CI 84-93%) and relative decrease of PSA values (P = 0.4) performed poorly in detecting residual disease. Urinary and bowel assessment returned to baseline questionnaire scores within 3 months. In all, 17 (21%) patients reported meaningful worsening in erectile function. A significant decrease of PCa related anxiety was observed. CONCLUSIONS Focal HIFU treatment for localised PCa shows excellent functional outcomes with half of the patients remaining cancer-free after 3 years. Whole-gland treatment was avoided in 81%. Early follow-up biopsies are crucial to change or continue the treatment modality at the right time, while the use of MRI and PSA in detecting PCa recurrence is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Kaufmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Milton and Carroll Petrie Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Raess
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian A Schmid
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Bieri
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas P Scherer
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moustafa Elleisy
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivio F Donati
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Radiology Hirslanden Zurich, Octorad AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niels J Rupp
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael A Gorin
- Milton and Carroll Petrie Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashkan Mortezavi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Naser-Tavakolian A, Gale R, Luu M, Masterson JM, Venkataramana A, Khodyakov D, Anger JT, Posadas E, Sandler H, Freedland SJ, Spiegel B, Daskivich TJ. Use of Persuasive Language in Communication of Risk during Prostate Cancer Treatment Consultations. Med Decis Making 2024; 44:320-334. [PMID: 38347686 PMCID: PMC11102816 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x241228612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physician treatment preference may influence how risks are communicated in prostate cancer consultations. We identified persuasive language used when describing cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects in relation to a physician's recommendation for aggressive (surgery/radiation) or nonaggressive (active surveillance/watchful waiting) treatment. METHODS A qualitative analysis was performed on transcribed treatment consultations of 40 men with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer across 10 multidisciplinary providers. Quotes pertaining to cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects were randomized. Coders predicted physician treatment recommendations from isolated blinded quotes. Testing characteristics of consensus predictions against the physician's treatment recommendation were reported. Coders then identified persuasive strategies favoring aggressive/nonaggressive treatment for each quote. Frequencies of persuasive strategies favoring aggressive/nonaggressive treatment were reported. Logistic regression quantified associations between persuasive strategies and physician treatment recommendations. RESULTS A total of 496 quotes about cancer prognosis (n = 127), life expectancy (n = 51), and side effects (n = 318) were identified. The accuracy of predicting treatment recommendation based on individual quotes containing persuasive language (n = 256/496, 52%) was 91%. When favoring aggressive treatment, persuasive language downplayed side effect risks and amplified cancer risk (recurrence, progression, or mortality). Significant predictors (P < 0.05) of aggressive treatment recommendation included favorable side effect interpretation, downplaying side effects, and long time horizon for cancer risk due to longevity. When favoring nonaggressive treatment, persuasive language amplified side effect risks and downplayed cancer risk. Significant predictors of nonaggressive treatment recommendation included unfavorable side effect interpretation, favorable interpretation of cancer risk, and short time horizon for cancer risk due to longevity. CONCLUSIONS Physicians use persuasive language favoring their preferred treatment, regardless of whether their recommendation is appropriate. IMPLICATIONS Clinicians should quantify risk so patients can judge potential harm without solely relying on persuasive language. HIGHLIGHTS Physicians use persuasive language favoring their treatment recommendation when communicating risks of prostate cancer treatment, which may influence a patient's treatment choice.Coders predicted physician treatment recommendations based on isolated, randomized quotes about cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects with 91% accuracy.Qualitative analysis revealed that when favoring nonaggressive treatment, physicians used persuasive language that amplified side effect risks and downplayed cancer risk. When favoring aggressive treatment, physicians did the opposite.Providers should be cognizant of using persuasive strategies and aim to provide quantified assessments of risk that are jointly interpreted with the patient so that patients can make evidence-based conclusions regarding risks without solely relying on persuasive language.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Gale
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael Luu
- Department of Biostatistics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer T. Anger
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Howard Sandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen J. Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Section of Urology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Brennan Spiegel
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Health Services Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Timothy J. Daskivich
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Desmond C, Kaul S, Fleishman A, Korets R, Chang P, Wagner A, Kim SP, Aghdam N, Olumi AF, Gershman B. The association of patient and disease characteristics with the overtreatment of low-risk prostate cancer from 2010 to 2016. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00822-2. [PMID: 38555410 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although active surveillance is the preferred management for low-risk prostate cancer (PCa), some men remain at risk of overtreatment with definitive local therapy. We hypothesized that baseline characteristics may be associated with overtreatment and represent a potential source of health disparities. We therefore examined the associations of patient and disease characteristics with the surgical overtreatment of low-risk PCa. METHODS We identified men aged 45-75 years with cT1 cN0 cM0 prostate adenocarcinoma with biopsy Gleason score 6 and PSA < 10 ng/ml from 2010-2016 in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). We evaluated the associations of baseline characteristics with clinically insignificant PCa (iPCa) at RP (i.e., "overtreatment"), defined as organ-confined (i.e., pT2) Gleason 3 + 3 disease, using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS We identified 36,088 men with low-risk PCa who underwent RP. The unadjusted rate of iPCa decreased during the study period, from 54.7% in 2010 to 40.0% in 2016. In multivariable analyses adjusting for baseline characteristics, older age (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.98), later year of diagnosis (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.57-0.67 for 2016 vs. 2010), Black race (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.91), treatment at an academic/research program (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73-0.91), higher PSA (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.90-0.92), and higher number of positive biopsy cores (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.86-0.88) were independently associated with a lower risk of overtreatment (iPCa) at RP. Conversely, a greater number of biopsy cores sampled (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.02) was independently associated with an increased risk of overtreatment (iPCa) at RP. CONCLUSIONS We observed an ~27% reduction in rates of overtreatment of men with low-risk PCa over the study period. Several patient, disease, and structural characteristics are associated with detection of iPCa at RP and can inform the management of men with low-risk PCa to reduce potential overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumedh Kaul
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron Fleishman
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan Korets
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Chang
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Wagner
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon P Kim
- Division of Urology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nima Aghdam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aria F Olumi
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boris Gershman
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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Sequeira JP, Salta S, Freitas R, López-López R, Díaz-Lagares Á, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Biomarkers for Pre-Treatment Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1363. [PMID: 38611041 PMCID: PMC11011064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancies. Although most cases are not life-threatening, approximately 20% endure an unfavorable outcome. PSA-based screening reduced mortality but at the cost of an increased overdiagnosis/overtreatment of low-risk (lrPCa) and favorable intermediate-risk (firPCa) PCa. PCa risk-groups are usually identified based on serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), the Gleason score, and clinical T stage, which have consistent although variable specificity or subjectivity. Thus, more effective and specific tools for risk assessment are needed, ideally making use of minimally invasive methods such as liquid biopsies. In this systematic review we assessed the clinical potential and analytical performance of liquid biopsy-based biomarkers for pre-treatment risk stratification of PCa patients. METHODS Studies that assessed PCa pre-treatment risk were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and MedLine. PCa risk biomarkers were analyzed, and the studies' quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS The final analysis comprised 24 full-text articles, in which case-control studies predominated, mostly reporting urine-based biomarkers (54.2%) and biomarker quantification by qPCR (41.7%). Categorization into risk groups was heterogeneous, predominantly making use of the Gleason score. CONCLUSION This systematic review unveils the substantial clinical promise of using circulating biomarkers in assessing the risk for prostate cancer patients. However, the standardization of groups, categories, and biomarker validation are mandatory before this technique can be implemented. Circulating biomarkers might represent a viable alternative to currently available tools, obviating the need for tissue biopsies, and allowing for faster and more cost-effective testing, with superior analytical performance, specificity, and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Sequeira
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Salta
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Doctoral Program in Pathology and Molecular Genetics, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Freitas
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Urology & Urology Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rafael López-López
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Díaz-Lagares
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
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Li S, Ye X, Tian H, Ding Z, Cui C, Shi S, Yang Y, Li G, Chen J, Lin Z, Ni Z, Xu J, Dong F. An artificial intelligence model based on transrectal ultrasound images of biopsy needle tract tissues to differentiate prostate cancer. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:228-236. [PMID: 38142286 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) images of biopsy needle tract (BNT) tissues for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and to compare the PCa diagnostic performance of the radiologist model and clinical model. METHODS A total of 1696 2D prostate TRUS images were involved from 142 patients between July 2021 and May 2022. The ResNet50 network model was utilized to train classification models with different input methods: original image (Whole model), BNT (Needle model), and combined image [Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) model]. The training set, validation set, and test set were randomly assigned, then randomized 5-fold cross-validation between the training set and validation set was performed. The diagnostic effectiveness of AI models and image combination was accessed by an independent testing set. Then, the optimal AI model and image combination were selected to compare the diagnostic efficacy with that of senior radiologists and the clinical model. RESULTS In the test set, the area under the curve, specificity, and sensitivity of the FPN model were 0.934, 0.966, and 0.829, respectively; the diagnostic efficacy was improved compared with the Whole and Needle models, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), and was better than that of senior radiologists (area under the curve: 0.667). The FPN model detected more PCa compared with senior physicians (82.9% vs. 55.8%), with a 61.3% decrease in the false-positive rate and a 23.2% increase in overall accuracy (0.887 vs. 0.655). CONCLUSION The proposed FPN model can offer a new method for prostate tissue classification, improve the diagnostic performance, and may be a helpful tool to guide prostate biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, China
| | - Xiuqin Ye
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Hongtian Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Zhimin Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Siyuan Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Guoqiu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Zhipeng Ni
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
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Bagheri H, Mahdavi SR, Geramifar P, Neshasteh-Riz A, Sajadi Rad M, Dadgar H, Arabi H, Zaidi H. An Update on the Role of mpMRI and 68Ga-PSMA PET Imaging in Primary and Recurrent Prostate Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102076. [PMID: 38593599 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to review comparisons of the efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 (prostate-specific membrane antigen) PET/CT and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the detection of prostate cancer among patients undergoing initial staging prior to radical prostatectomy or experiencing recurrent prostate cancer, based on histopathological data. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, and relevant articles were analyzed with various parameters, including year of publication, study design, patient count, age, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) value, Gleason score, standardized uptake value (SUVmax), detection rate, treatment history, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and PI-RADS (prostate imaging reporting and data system) scores. Only studies directly comparing PSMA-PET and mpMRI were considered, while those examining combined accuracy or focusing on either modality alone were excluded. In total, 24 studies comprising 1717 patients were analyzed, with the most common indication for screening being staging, followed by relapse. The findings indicated that 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT effectively diagnosed prostate cancer in patients with suspected or confirmed disease, and both methods exhibited comparable efficacy in identifying lesion-specific information. However, notable heterogeneity was observed, highlighting the necessity for standardization of imaging and histopathology systems to mitigate inter-study variability. Future research should prioritize evaluating the combined diagnostic performance of both modalities to enhance sensitivity and reduce unnecessary biopsies. Overall, the utilization of PSMA-PET and mpMRI in combination holds substantial potential for significantly advancing the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Rabi Mahdavi
- Radiation Biology Research Center and Department of Medical Physics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parham Geramifar
- Department Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Neshasteh-Riz
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sajadi Rad
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibollah Dadgar
- Imam Reza research Center, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging department, RAZAVI Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Arabi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Habib Zaidi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University 6Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; University Research and Innovation Center, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Wang M, Deng R, Wang L, Li M, Zeng T, Na Y, Gu D. Association between 3D membranous urethral parameters and urinary continence recovery after RARP. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:165. [PMID: 38475943 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01758-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether the urinary continence (UC) recovery after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) relates to the membranous urethral length (MUL) and the membranous urethral complex volume (MUV). MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 patients who underwent RARP were enrolled according to the different times of UC recovery and examined using prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgery. The membranous urethral (MU) parameters were measured using the three-Dimensional (3D) model reconstructed by holographic technology, such as total MUV (tMUV), exposed MUV (eMUV), full MUL (fMUL) and exposed MUL (eMUL). Statistical software SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the data and compare the MU parameters and baseline data in different groups. RESULTS Patients with larger tMUV (p = 0.038), eMUV (p = 0.003), longer fMUL (p = 0.025), eMUL (p = 0.044) had better UC after removal of the catheter, and eMUV (OR = 1.002, 95%CI = 1.001-1.004, p = 0.004) was a predictor; the patients with younger age (p = 0.021), lower VPSS score (p = 0.004) and larger eMUV (p = 0.012) and longer eMUL (p = 0.049) had better UC recovery one month after RARP while eMUV (OR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.000-1.003, p = 0.008) and VPSS score (OR = 0.886, 95% CI = 0.806-0.973, p = 0.011) were independent risk factors; The patients with younger age (p = 0.018), larger tMUV (p = 0.029), eMUV (p = 0.016) had better UC recovery three months after RARP. eMUV (OR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.000-1.004, p = 0.042) and age (OR = 0.904, 95% CI = 0.818-0.998, p = 0.046) were independent risk factors. CONCLUSION This clinical study shows that patients with larger MUV and longer MUL can return to UC earlier after surgery. Among that, eMUV is a better predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Wujieping Urology Center, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Na
- Wujieping Urology Center, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Bernal A, Bechler AJ, Mohan K, Rizzino A, Mathew G. The Current Therapeutic Landscape for Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:351. [PMID: 38543137 PMCID: PMC10974045 DOI: 10.3390/ph17030351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2024, there will be an estimated 1,466,718 cases of prostate cancer (PC) diagnosed globally, of which 299,010 cases are estimated to be from the US. The typical clinical approach for PC involves routine screening, diagnosis, and standard lines of treatment. However, not all patients respond to therapy and are subsequently diagnosed with treatment emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). There are currently no approved treatments for this form of aggressive PC. In this review, a compilation of the clinical trials regimen to treat late-stage NEPC using novel targets and/or a combination approach is presented. The novel targets assessed include DLL3, EZH2, B7-H3, Aurora-kinase-A (AURKA), receptor tyrosine kinases, PD-L1, and PD-1. Among these, the trials administering drugs Alisertib or Cabozantinib, which target AURKA or receptor tyrosine kinases, respectively, appear to have promising results. The least effective trials appear to be ones that target the immune checkpoint pathways PD-1/PD-L1. Many promising clinical trials are currently in progress. Consequently, the landscape of successful treatment regimens for NEPC is extremely limited. These trial results and the literature on the topic emphasize the need for new preventative measures, diagnostics, disease specific biomarkers, and a thorough clinical understanding of NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Bernal
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.B.); (A.J.B.); (K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alivia Jane Bechler
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.B.); (A.J.B.); (K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Kabhilan Mohan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.B.); (A.J.B.); (K.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Angie Rizzino
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.B.); (A.J.B.); (K.M.); (A.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| | - Grinu Mathew
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.B.); (A.J.B.); (K.M.); (A.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
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D'Agostino GR, Badalamenti M, Stefanini S, Baldaccini D, Franzese C, Faro LL, Di Cristina L, Vernier V, Reggiori G, Scorsetti M. Long term update on toxicity and survival of a phase II trial of linac-based stereotactic body radiation therapy for low-intermediate risk prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:368-375. [PMID: 38112222 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2016 we published a phase II study exploring safety and efficacy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) delivered with Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Flattening Filter Free (FFF) beams techniques in prostate cancer (PC) patients. We present herein the updated results on late toxicity and long-term survival. METHODS Patients enrolled in the study had a biopsy-confirmed localized PC and the features of a low- or intermediate-risk disease (National Comprehensive Network Criteria). The radiotherapy (RT) schedule consisted of 35 Gy delivered in five fractions every other day. Toxicities were registered according to the common toxicity adverse events v4.0. Biochemical recurrence was defined as an increase of prostate specific antigen after nadir, confirmed at least once. Local recurrence (LR) and distant metastases were detected either with Choline- or PSMA-PET/CT scans. Kaplan-Meier curves for Biochemical Recurrence-Free Survival (BFS), Local Control (LC), Distant Metastasis Free Survival (DMFS) and Cancer Specific Survival, were calculated by using MedCalc. RESULTS Ninety patients were submitted to SBRT between February 2012 and March 2015. Fifty-eight patients (64.5%) had a Gleason Score of 6, while 32 (35.5%) had a Gleason Score of 7. A late grade 1 Genito-Urinary toxicity was observed in 54.5% of patients while a grade 2 in 3.3%. A late Gastro-intestinal grade 1 toxicity was reported in 18.9% of patients, while a grade 2 in 2.2%. Erectile dysfunction was reported by 13% of patients No heavier toxicities were observed. At a median follow-up of 102 months, 5- and 8-year BFS were 93.0% and 84.4% respectively, 5- and 8-year LC were 95.2% and 87.0% respectively, 5- and 8-year DMFS were 95.3% and 88.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This long-term update confirms that SBRT is a valid therapeutic strategy for low-intermediate risk PC. RT with VMAT and FFF warrants optimal results in terms of toxicity and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe R D'Agostino
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Badalamenti
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Stefanini
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Baldaccini
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ciro Franzese
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Faro
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciana Di Cristina
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Vernier
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Reggiori
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Scorsetti
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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Franco PN, Frade-Santos S, García-Baizán A, Paredes-Velázquez L, Aymerich M, Sironi S, Otero-García MM. An MRI assessment of prostate cancer local recurrence using the PI-RR system: diagnostic accuracy, inter-observer reliability among readers with variable experience, and correlation with PSA values. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:1790-1803. [PMID: 37646815 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Prostate Imaging for Recurrence Reporting (PI-RR) system has been recently proposed to promote standardisation in the MR assessment of prostate cancer (PCa) local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT). This study aims to evaluate PI-RR's diagnostic accuracy, assess the inter-observer reliability among readers with variable experience, and correlate imaging results with anatomopathological and laboratory parameters. METHODS Patients who underwent a pelvic MRI for suspicion of PCa local recurrence after RP or RT were retrospectively enrolled (October 2017-February 2020). PI-RR scores were independently assessed for each patient by five readers with variable experience in prostate MRI (two senior and three junior radiologists). Biochemical data and histopathological features were collected. The reference standard was determined through biochemical, imaging, or histopathological follow-up data. Reader's diagnostic performance was assessed using contingency tables. Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to measure inter-observer reliability. RESULTS The final cohort included 120 patients (median age, 72 years [IQR, 62-82]). Recurrence was confirmed in 106 (88.3%) patients. Considering a PI-RR score ≥ 3 as positive for recurrence, minimum and maximum diagnostic values among the readers were as follows: sensitivity 79-86%; specificity 64-86%; positive predictive value 95-98%; negative predictive value 33-46%; accuracy 79-87%. Regardless of reader's level of experience, the inter-observer reliability resulted good or excellent (κ ranges across all readers: 0.52-0.77), and ICC was 0.8. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity, baseline-PSA, and trigger-PSA resulted predictive of local recurrence at imaging. CONCLUSIONS The PI-RR system is an effective tool for MRI evaluation of PCa local recurrence and facilitates uniformity among radiologists. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study confirmed the PI-RR system's good diagnostic accuracy for the MRI evaluation of PCa local recurrences. It showed high reproducibility among readers with variable experience levels, validating it as a promising standardisation tool for assessing patients with biochemical recurrence. KEY POINTS • In this retrospective study, the PI-RR system revealed promising diagnostic performances among five readers with different experience (sensitivity 79-86%; specificity 64-86%; accuracy 79-87%). • The inter-observer reliability among the five readers resulted good or excellent (κ ranges: 0.52-0.77) with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.8. • The PI-RR assessment score may facilitate standardisation and generalizability in the evaluation of prostate cancer local recurrence among radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Niccolò Franco
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain.
- School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sofia Frade-Santos
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alejandra García-Baizán
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - Laura Paredes-Velázquez
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Aymerich
- Diagnostic Imaging Research Group, Radiology Department, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sandro Sironi
- School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
- Department of Radiology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - María Milagros Otero-García
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
- Diagnostic Imaging Research Group, Radiology Department, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
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Baylan B, Ulusoy K, Ekenci B, Kartal IG. Can systemic immune-inflammation index and hematologic parameters aid in decision-making for active surveillance or curative treatment in low-risk prostate cancer? Asian J Surg 2024; 47:1360-1365. [PMID: 38065745 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathologic Gleason Score (GS) upgrading is common in patients with low-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa) who are followed by active surveillance (AS) or undergo radical prostatectomy (RP). This fact raises concerns about inadequate treatment, especially in AS patients. We aimed to analyze the association of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index with GS upgrading. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. Data of the patients who underwent RP for PCa at three different centers between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on GR upgrading status as "upgrading" and "non-upgrading". Among the patients who underwent RP, 77 patients who fully met the criteria for AS were identified. The patients eligible for AS were divided into "non-upgrading" and "upgrading" groups. These groups were compared regarding NLR, PLR, and SII index values. RESULTS Overall, data from 250 patients were reviewed. Among these, 147 had GS upgrading, while 103 had no upgrading. Seventy-seven patients were eligible for AS. Among these patients, 30 had upgrading, while 47 were in the "non-upgrading" group. Our analysis revealed that an NLR of 1.85 and above was associated with a 2.238-fold increase in the risk of GS upgrading (p = 0.009). Also, a PLR of 115.7 and above was affiliated with a 2.992-fold increase in the GS upgrading risk (p < 0.001). The analysis regarding patients who underwent RP but were eligible for AS revealed that an NLR of ≥1.68 was associated with a 3.25-fold risk increase in GS upgrading. On the other hand, a PLR≥134.5 and an SII index≥630.7 were affiliated with a 12.303-fold and 6.562-fold increase in the risk of upgrading (p = 0.019, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION The decision of AS should be carefully reappraised, and treatment methods such as RP or radiotherapy should be considered in patients with high NLR, PLR, or SII index values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Baylan
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye.
| | - Kemal Ulusoy
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye.
| | - Berk Ekenci
- Department of Urology, Health Sciences University Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | - Ibrahim Guven Kartal
- Kutahya Health Scıences Unıversıty Evlıya Çelebı Traınıng and Research Hospıtal Department of Urology, Kutahya, Turkiye.
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Ding G, Tang G, Wang T, Zou Q, Cui Y, Wu J. A comparative analysis of perioperative complications and biochemical recurrence between standard and extended pelvic lymph node dissection in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:1735-1743. [PMID: 38052016 PMCID: PMC10942186 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is commonly performed during radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer staging. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze existing evidence compare perioperative complications associated with standard (sPLND) versus extended PLND templates (ePLND) in RP patients. METHODS A meta-analysis of prospective studies on PLND complications was conducted. Systematic searches were performed on Web of Science, Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until May 2023. Risk ratios (RRs) were estimated using random-effects models in the meta-analysis. The statistical analysis of the data was carried out using Review Manager software. RESULTS Nine studies, including three randomized clinical trial and six prospective studies, with a total of 4962 patients were analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed that patients undergoing ePLND had a higher risk of partial perioperative complications, such as lymphedema ( I2 =28%; RR 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01-0.27; P <0.001) and urinary retention ( I2 =0%; RR 0.30; 95% CI: 0.09-0.94; P =0.04) compared to those undergoing sPLND. However, there were no significant difference was observed in pelvic hematoma ( I2 =0%; RR 1.65; 95% CI: 0.44-6.17; P =0.46), thromboembolic ( I2 =57%; RR 0.91; 95% CI: 0.35-2.38; P =0.85), ureteral injury ( I2 =33%; RR 0.28; 95% CI: 0.05-1.52; P =0.14), intraoperative bowel injury ( I2 =0%; RR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.14-5.27; P =0.88), and lymphocele ( I2 =0%; RR 1.58; 95% CI: 0.54-4.60; P =0.40) between sPLND and ePLND. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in overall perioperative complications ( I2 =85%; RR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.40-1.16; P =0.16). Furthermore, ePLND did not significantly reduce biochemical recurrence ( I2 =68%; RR 0.59; 95% CI: 0.28-1.24; P =0.16) of prostate cancer. CONCLUSION This analysis found no significant differences in overall perioperative complications or biochemical recurrence between sPLND and ePLND, but ePLND may offer enhanced diagnostic advantages by increasing the detection rate of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuanshan Cui
- Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jitao Wu
- Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Wang B, Fu Y, Chen M, Peng S, Marra G, Zhuang J, Zhang S, Guo H, Qiu X. The presence of intraductal carcinoma of prostate is a risk factor for poor pathologic response in men with high-risk prostate cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:67.e9-67.e15. [PMID: 38233262 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential association between the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) on biopsy and pathologic response of primary tumor to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. METHODS Eighty-five patients with high-risk localized/locally advanced prostate cancer (CaP) who were given 6-month neoadjuvant therapies of androgen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel or abiraterone prior to radical prostatectomy in 2 prospective trials were included in this study. The presence of IDC-P in biopsy pathology was rereviewed by 2 experienced pathologists. Favorable pathologic response was defined as pathologic complete response or minimal residual disease <5 mm on whole-mount histopathology. Characteristics of clinical and biopsy pathology variables were included in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors for the prediction of favorable pathologic response on final pathology. RESULTS IDC-P was identified to be present on biopsy pathology of 35 patients (41.2%) while favorable pathologic responses were confirmed in 25 patients (29.4%). Initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (OR 3.592, 95% CI 1.176-10.971, P = 0.025) and the presence of IDC-P on biopsy pathology (OR 3.837, 95% CI 1.234-11.930, P = 0.020) were found to be significantly associated with favorable pathologic response in multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION IDC-P on biopsy pathology was found to be an independent risk factor to predict a poor pathology response of primary CaP to neoadjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengxia Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Giancarlo Marra
- Department of Urology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Junlong Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Patel KS, Singh T, Raghuvanshi K, Sonar S, Chaudhari R. A comparison study of 68gallium-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for locoregional staging of prostate cancer. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2024; 35:36-41. [PMID: 38566885 PMCID: PMC10984629 DOI: 10.1097/us9.0000000000000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men aged 50 years and older and the second cause of cancer death among men. Accurate staging of PCa preoperatively is of high importance for treatment decisions and patient management. Conventional imaging modalities (ultrasound, computed tomography [CT], and magnetic resonance imaging) are inaccurate for the staging of PCa. Newer modality multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) scan show promising results for the staging of PCa. Only fewer studies are available for comparison of these modalities with histopathology as reference. The objective of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of independent 68gallium PSMA (68Ga-PSMA) PET-CT compared with mpMRI for preoperative staging of PCa, using histopathology as the reference standard. Materials and methods From August 2021 to December 2022, 30 patients of biopsy-proven PCa were prospectively enrolled as per eligibility criteria. Preoperatively, 68Ga-PSMA PET scan and mpMRI were done in all the patients. Extracapsular extension (ECE), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and lymph node metastasis (LNM) were investigated separately. Subsequently, the patients underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. Results mpMRI prostate was more sensitive (66.66%) but less specific than PSMA PET-CT (55.55%) for ECE. mpMRI and PSMA PET-CT both had similar sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (87.5%) for SVI. PSMA PET-CT was more sensitive (85.71%) and specific (95.6%) than mpMRI prostate (62.5% and 91.30%, respectively) for LNM. Conclusion PSMA PET-CT is more specific for the detection of ECE and more sensitive and specific for the detection of LNM than mpMRI, and similar for the detection of SVI. mpMRI provides only local staging, while PSMA PET-CT provides information about local, regional, and distal staging. Overall, PSMA PET-CT is superior to mpMRI for locoregional staging of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarun Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruby Hall Clinic
| | | | - Sameer Sonar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruby Hall Clinic
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45
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Gatsos S, Kalogeras N, Dimakopoulos G, Samarinas M, Papakonstantinou A, Petinaki E, Tzortzis V, Gravas S. Infectious complications of transrectal prostate biopsy in patients receiving targeted antibiotic prophylaxis after urethral and rectal swab versus standard prophylaxis: A prospective comparative study. Prostate Int 2024; 12:35-39. [PMID: 38523904 PMCID: PMC10960084 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the role of targeted antibiotic prophylaxis (TAP) after rectal and urethral swab cultures compared to empiric antibiotic prophylaxis (EAP) for the prevention of infectious complications after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx). Methods We conducted a prospective comparative study on 141 patients who underwent TRUS-Bx and were allocated in two groups. The first group (n = 71) received EAP with ciprofloxacin and the second (n = 70) received TAP according to rectal and urethral cultures. Post-biopsy infectious complications rates were compared between the two groups. Fluoroquinolone resistance (FQ-R) in the urethral and rectal swabs was recorded. Baseline characteristics were analyzed to assess their relationship with infectious complications and antibiotic resistance. Results A total of 8 infectious complications were observed, 7 of them in the EAP group (9.85%) and 1 in the TAP group (1.4%). There was a statistically significant difference in febrile UTIs between the two groups (6 vs 0, P = 0.028). FQ-R rate was 4.3% and 12.9% for rectal and urethral samples, respectively. Recent antibiotic exposure was associated with higher post-biopsy infection rates for EAP group and FQ-R rates for TAP group. Conclusion Combination of rectal and urethral swab cultures for TAP was able to detect FQ-R bacteria carriers and was associated with fewer infectious complications compared to EAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Gatsos
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kalogeras
- Department of Urology, Agios Dimitrios General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimakopoulos
- BIOSTATS, Epirus Science and Technology Park, Campus of the University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Efi Petinaki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassilios Tzortzis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Cooley LF, Srivastava A, Shore ND. Updates on Management of Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:284-292. [PMID: 38286895 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (BCR) are a heterogeneous group, whereby a personalized approach to management is critical. Patients with high-risk features such as PSA doubling time (PSADT) ≤ 9-12 months warrant earlier imaging for metastasis detection and consideration for intensified therapy (beyond intermittent androgen deprivation alone) during this phase of BCR-only disease. The BCR phase represents a unique opportunity to impact disease survival and delay metastasis progression. There is compelling evidence from the EMBARK trial that ADT monotherapy is no longer the optimal consideration for high-risk BCR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Folgosa Cooley
- Atlantic Urology Clinics, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
- Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
| | - Abhishek Srivastava
- Atlantic Urology Clinics, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
- Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
| | - Neal D Shore
- Atlantic Urology Clinics, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA.
- Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA.
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Ali I, Rezk M, Hamouda D, Talaat O, Omar Y, Abdel Tawab M, Nasr I. Clinical value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI in primary staging of patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:622-631. [PMID: 38265254 PMCID: PMC11027301 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI in initial staging of intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa). METHODS A total of 46 patients with pathologically verified intermediate and/or HRPCa who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI with dedicated pelvic high-resolution multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) were included. RESULTS PET/MRI showed 100% sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy in detecting seminal vesicle (SV) and rectal invasion, versus 87.5%, 100%, 100% 93.8%, 95.7% and 50%, 100%,100%, 95.5%, and 95.7% for mpMRI respectively. However, PET/MRI had poor SN (40% and 0%) but high SP (94.4% and 100%) in detection of UB and neurovascular bundle (NV) invasion compared to 100% SN and SP for mpMRI. PET/MRI demonstrated stronger TNM staging agreement with the gold standard than mpMRI-WBMRI. It demonstrated concordance with T, N, and M stages in 40, 41, and 36 patients (k 0.84, 0.60, and 0.68, respectively) versus 29, 33, and 31 patients (k 0.54, 0.22, and 0.50) with accurate over all staging of 38/46 patients versus 30/46 patients (K 0.52 versus 0.22). CONCLUSION 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI is a promising imaging modality with high diagnostic accuracy in staging intermediate- and HRPCa; it improves local tumour evaluation and provides precise TNM staging. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI could have high diagnostic accuracy as shown in the current study for staging HRPCa patients that is crucial for treatment selection. We think that our study will contribute to the body of knowledge and improve the literature surrounding the clinical uses of integrated 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ali
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Faculty of medicine street, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rezk
- Radiology Department, National cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
| | - Dalia Hamouda
- Medical Oncology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Omnia Talaat
- Radiation Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
| | - Yehia Omar
- Director of PET/MRI unit, Misr Radiology Cente, Cairo, 11766, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel Tawab
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Alazhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Nasr
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Roberts MJ, Conduit C, Davis ID, Effeney RM, Williams S, Martin JM, Hofman MS, Hruby G, Eapen R, Gianacas C, Papa N, Lourenço RDA, Dhillon HM, Allen R, Fontela A, Kaur B, Emmett L. The Dedicated Imaging Post-Prostatectomy for Enhanced Radiotherapy outcomes (DIPPER) trial protocol: a multicentre, randomised trial of salvage radiotherapy versus surveillance for low-risk biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. BJU Int 2024; 133 Suppl 3:39-47. [PMID: 37604702 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvage radiation therapy (SRT) and surveillance for low-risk prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence have competing risks and benefits. The efficacy of early SRT to the prostate bed with or without pelvic lymph nodes compared to surveillance in patients with PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy and no identifiable recurrent disease evident on prostate specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) is unknown. STUDY DESIGN The Dedicated Imaging Post-Prostatectomy for Enhanced Radiotherapy outcomes (DIPPER) is an open-label, multicentre, randomised Phase II trial. ENDPOINTS The primary endpoint is 3-year event-free survival, with events comprising one of PSA recurrence (PSA ≥0.2 ng/mL higher than baseline), radiological evidence of metastatic disease, or initiation of systemic or other salvage treatments. Secondary endpoints include patient-reported outcomes, treatment patterns, participant perceptions, and cost-effectiveness. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Eligible participants have PSA recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy, defined by serum PSA level of 0.2-0.5 ng/mL, deemed low risk according to modified European Association of Urology biochemical recurrence risk criteria (International Society for Urological Pathology Grade Group ≤2, PSA doubling time >12 months), with no definite/probable recurrent prostate cancer on PSMA-PET/CT. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 participants will be recruited from five Australian centres and randomised 1:1 to SRT or surveillance. Participants will undergo 6-monthly clinical evaluation for up to 36 months. Androgen-deprivation therapy is not permissible. Enrolment commenced May 2023. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN: ACTRN12622001478707).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Roberts
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Qld, Australia
- Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Qld, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Ciara Conduit
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ian D Davis
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Vic., Australia
- Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Rachel M Effeney
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Qld, Australia
- Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Qld, Australia
| | - Scott Williams
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jarad M Martin
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael S Hofman
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging, Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence (ProsTIC), Peter MacCallum Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - George Hruby
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renu Eapen
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
- Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
| | - Chris Gianacas
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan Papa
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Richard De Abreu Lourenço
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ray Allen
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Antoinette Fontela
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Baldeep Kaur
- The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise Emmett
- The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP), Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Theranostics and Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Dalla Volta A, Palumbo C, Zamboni S, Mazziotti G, Triggiani L, Zamparini M, Maffezzoni F, Rinaudo L, Bergamini M, Di Meo N, Caramella I, Valcamonico F, Borghetti P, Guerini A, Farina D, Antonelli A, Simeone C, Berruti A. Heterogeneity in regional changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer patients: potential impact on bone health-the BLADE study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:335-343. [PMID: 37458931 PMCID: PMC10859344 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear whether changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer (PC) patients are uniform or vary in the different body districts and whether regional lean body mass (LBM) and fat body mass (FBM) could have an impact on bone health. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the regional changes in LBM and FBM in PC patients submitted to degarelix; to explore the relationship of regional body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS 29 consecutive non metastatic PC patients enrolled from 2017 to 2019. FBM, LBM and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after 12-month of ADT. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. INTERVENTION All patients underwent degarelix administration. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS T-test or sign test and Pearson or Spearman test for continuous variables were used when indicated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Median percent increase in FBM ranged from + 14.5% in trunk to + 25.4% in the left leg after degarelix. LBM changes varied from + 2% in the trunk to - 4.9% in the right arm. LBM in both arms and legs and their variations after degarelix directly correlated with ALP and inversely correlated with CTX. Lean mass of limbs, trunk and legs significantly correlated with BMD of the hip, lean mass of the trunk significantly correlated with spine BMD. These are post-hoc analysis of a prospective study and this is the main limitation. CONCLUSIONS an heterogeneous change in body composition among body district is observed after ADT and bone turnover is influenced by lean mass and its variation. A supervised physical activity is crucial to maintain general physical performance and preserving bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dalla Volta
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Palumbo
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Zamboni
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Mazziotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Metabolic Bone Diseases and Osteoporosis Section, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - L Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Zamparini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Maffezzoni
- Endocrinology, Manerbio-Leno, ASST Garda, Montichiari, Italy
| | - L Rinaudo
- Tecnologie Avanzate S.r.l., Turin, Italy
| | - M Bergamini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - N Di Meo
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - I Caramella
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Valcamonico
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - P Borghetti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Guerini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Farina
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Antonelli
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
- Urology Unit, AOUI Verona, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Simeone
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - A Berruti
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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Maggio A, Rancati T, Gatti M, Cante D, Avuzzi B, Bianconi C, Badenchini F, Farina B, Ferrari P, Giandini T, Girelli G, Landoni V, Magli A, Moretti E, Petrucci E, Salmoiraghi P, Sanguineti G, Villa E, Waskiewicz JM, Guarneri A, Valdagni R, Fiorino C, Cozzarini C. Quality of Life Longitudinal Evaluation in Prostate Cancer Patients from Radiotherapy Start to 5 Years after IMRT-IGRT. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:839-848. [PMID: 38392056 PMCID: PMC10887595 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to study the evolution of quality of life (QoL) in the first 5 years following Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer (PCa) and to determine possible associations with clinical/treatment data. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients were enrolled in a prospective multicentre observational trial in 2010-2014 and treated with conventional (74-80 Gy, 1.8-2 Gy/fr) or moderately hypofractionated IMRT (65-75.2 Gy, 2.2-2.7 Gy/fr). QoL was evaluated by means of EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline, at radiation therapy (RT) end, and every 6 months up to 5 years after IMRT end. Fourteen QoL dimensions were investigated separately. The longitudinal evaluation of QoL was analysed by means of Analysis of variances (ANOVA) for multiple measures. RESULTS A total of 391 patients with complete sets of questionnaires across 5 years were available. The longitudinal analysis showed a trend toward the significant worsening of QoL at RT end for global health, physical and role functioning, fatigue, appetite loss, diarrhoea, and pain. QoL worsening was recovered within 6 months from RT end, with the only exception being physical functioning. Based on ANOVA, the most impaired time point was RT end. QoL dimension analysis at this time indicated that acute Grade ≥ 2 gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity significantly impacted global health, physical and role functioning, fatigue, appetite loss, diarrhoea, and pain. Acute Grade ≥ 2 genitourinary (GU) toxicity resulted in lower role functioning and higher pain. Prophylactic lymph-nodal irradiation (WPRT) resulted in significantly lower QoL for global health, fatigue, appetite loss, and diarrhoea; lower pain with the use of neoadjuvant/concomitant hormonal therapy; and lower fatigue with the use of an anti-androgen. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study, high radiation IMRT doses delivered for PCa led to a temporary worsening of QoL, which tended to be completely resolved at six months. Such transient worsening was mostly associated with acute GI/GU toxicity, WPRT, and higher prescription doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Maggio
- Istituto di Candiolo-FPO, IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Tiziana Rancati
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (T.R.); (B.A.); (F.B.); (T.G.); (R.V.)
| | - Marco Gatti
- Istituto di Candiolo-FPO, IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Domenico Cante
- Ospedale di Ivrea, A.S.L. TO4, 10015 Ivrea, Italy; (D.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Barbara Avuzzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (T.R.); (B.A.); (F.B.); (T.G.); (R.V.)
| | - Cinzia Bianconi
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy; (C.B.); (C.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Fabio Badenchini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (T.R.); (B.A.); (F.B.); (T.G.); (R.V.)
| | - Bruno Farina
- Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Biella, Italy; (B.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Paolo Ferrari
- Comprensorio Sanitario di Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.); (J.M.W.)
| | - Tommaso Giandini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (T.R.); (B.A.); (F.B.); (T.G.); (R.V.)
| | | | - Valeria Landoni
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Regina Elena, 00144 Roma, Italy; (V.L.); (G.S.)
| | | | | | - Edoardo Petrucci
- Ospedale di Ivrea, A.S.L. TO4, 10015 Ivrea, Italy; (D.C.); (E.P.)
| | | | | | - Elisa Villa
- Cliniche Gavazzeni-Humanitas, 24121 Bergamo, Italy; (P.S.); (E.V.)
| | | | - Alessia Guarneri
- Istituto di Candiolo-FPO, IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Riccardo Valdagni
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (T.R.); (B.A.); (F.B.); (T.G.); (R.V.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorino
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy; (C.B.); (C.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Cesare Cozzarini
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy; (C.B.); (C.F.); (C.C.)
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