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Ohnishi S, Kawano-Kawada M, Yamamoto Y, Akiyama K, Sekito T. A vacuolar membrane protein Vsb1p contributes to the vacuolar compartmentalization of basic amino acids in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:763-769. [PMID: 35289847 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation levels of Arg, Lys, and His in vacuoles of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells were drastically decreased by the disruption of SPAC24H6.11c (vsb1+) gene identified by a homology search with the VSB1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Vsb1p fused with green fluorescent protein particularly localized at vacuolar membranes in S. pombe cells. Overexpression of vsb1+ markedly increased vacuolar levels of basic amino acids; however, overexpression of the vsb1D174A mutant did not affect the levels of these amino acids. These results suggest that the vsb1+ contributes to the accumulation of basic amino acids into the vacuoles of S. pombe, and the aspartate residue in the putative first transmembrane domain conserved among fungal homologs is crucial for the function of Vsb1p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kawano-Kawada
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.,Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.,Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Akiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.,Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sekito
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.,Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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2
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Abstract
We review the mechanisms responsible for amino acid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other fungi. Amino acid homeostasis is essential for cell growth and survival. Hence, the de novo synthesis reactions, metabolic conversions, and transport of amino acids are tightly regulated. Regulation varies from nitrogen pool sensing to control by individual amino acids and takes place at the gene (transcription), protein (posttranslational modification and allostery), and vesicle (trafficking and endocytosis) levels. The pools of amino acids are controlled via import, export, and compartmentalization. In yeast, the majority of the amino acid transporters belong to the APC (amino acid-polyamine-organocation) superfamily, and the proteins couple the uphill transport of amino acids to the electrochemical proton gradient. Although high-resolution structures of yeast amino acid transporters are not available, homology models have been successfully exploited to determine and engineer the catalytic and regulatory functions of the proteins. This has led to a further understanding of the underlying mechanisms of amino acid sensing and subsequent downregulation of transport. Advances in optical microscopy have revealed a new level of regulation of yeast amino acid transporters, which involves membrane domain partitioning. The significance and the interrelationships of the latest discoveries on amino acid homeostasis are put in context.
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Wang D, Wu D, Yang X, Hong J. Transcriptomic analysis of thermotolerant yeastKluyveromyces marxianusin multiple inhibitors tolerance. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14177-14192. [PMID: 35540752 PMCID: PMC9079866 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global transcriptional response ofK. marxianusto multiple inhibitors including acetic acid, phenols, furfural and HMF at 42 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
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4
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Manabe K, Kawano-Kawada M, Ikeda K, Sekito T, Kakinuma Y. Ypq3p-dependent histidine uptake by the vacuolar membrane vesicles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1125-30. [PMID: 26928127 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1141041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The vacuolar membrane proteins Ypq1p, Ypq2p, and Ypq3p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are known as the members of the PQ-loop protein family. We found that the ATP-dependent uptake activities of arginine and histidine by the vacuolar membrane vesicles were decreased by ypq2Δ and ypq3Δ mutations, respectively. YPQ1 and AVT1, which are involved in the vacuolar uptake of lysine/arginine and histidine, respectively, were deleted in addition to ypq2Δ and ypq3Δ. The vacuolar membrane vesicles isolated from the resulting quadruple deletion mutant ypq1Δypq2Δypq3Δavt1Δ completely lost the uptake activity of basic amino acids, and that of histidine, but not lysine and arginine, was evidently enhanced by overexpressing YPQ3 in the mutant. These results suggest that Ypq3p is specifically involved in the vacuolar uptake of histidine in S. cerevisiae. The cellular level of Ypq3p-HA(3) was enhanced by depletion of histidine from culture medium, suggesting that it is regulated by the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Manabe
- a Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Miyuki Kawano-Kawada
- a Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan.,b Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Koichi Ikeda
- a Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Takayuki Sekito
- a Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kakinuma
- a Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
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Liu Q, Ma Y, Zhou X, Furuyashiki T. Constitutive Tor2 Activity Promotes Retention of the Amino Acid Transporter Agp3 at Trans-Golgi/Endosomes in Fission Yeast. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139045. [PMID: 26447710 PMCID: PMC4598100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid transporters are located at specific subcellular compartments, and their localizations are regulated by the extracellular availability of amino acids. In yeast, target of rapamycin (TOR) activation induces the internalization of amino acid transporters located at the plasma membrane. However, whether and how TOR signaling regulates other amino acid transporters located at intracellular compartments remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that in the fission yeast, the TOR inhibitor Torin-1 induces the transfer of several yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-fused intracellular amino acid transporters, including Agp3, Isp5, Aat1, and Put4, from trans-Golgi/endosomes into the vacuoles. By contrast, the localizations of YFP-fused Can1, Fnx1, and Fnx2 transporter proteins were unaffected upon Torin-1 treatment. There are two TOR isoforms in fission yeast, Tor1 and Tor2. Whereas tor1 deletion did not affect the Torin-1-induced transfer of Agp3-YFP, Tor2 inhibition using a temperature-sensitive mutant induced the transfer of Agp3-YFP to the vacuolar lumen, similar to the effects of Torin-1 treatment. Tor2 inhibition also induced the transfer of the YFP-fused Isp5, Aat1, and Put4 transporter proteins to the vacuoles, although only partial transfer of the latter two transporters was observed. Under nitrogen depletion accompanied by reduced Tor2 activity, Agp3-YFP was transferred from the trans-Golgi/endosomes to the plasma membrane and then to the vacuoles, where it was degraded by the vacuolar proteases Isp6 and Psp3. Mutants with constitutively active Tor2 showed delayed transfer of Agp3-YFP to the plasma membrane upon nitrogen depletion. Cells lacking Tsc2, a negative regulator of Tor2, also showed a delay in this process in a Tor2-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that constitutive Tor2 activity is critical for the retention of amino acid transporters at trans-Golgi/endosomes. Moreover, nitrogen depletion suppresses Tor2 activity through Tsc2, thereby promoting the surface expression of these transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Liu
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yan Ma
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Chardwiriyapreecha S, Manabe K, Iwaki T, Kawano-Kawada M, Sekito T, Lunprom S, Akiyama K, Takegawa K, Kakinuma Y. Functional Expression and Characterization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Avt3p as a Vacuolar Amino Acid Exporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130542. [PMID: 26083598 PMCID: PMC4471098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Avt3p and Avt4p mediate the extrusion of several amino acids from the vacuolar lumen into the cytosol. SpAvt3p of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a homologue of these vacuolar amino acid transporters, has been indicated to be involved in spore formation. In this study, we confirmed that GFP-SpAvt3p localized to the vacuolar membrane in S. pombe. The amounts of various amino acids increased significantly in the vacuolar pool of avt3Δ cells, but decreased in that of avt3+-overexpressing avt3Δ cells. These results suggest that SpAvt3p participates in the vacuolar compartmentalization of amino acids in S. pombe. To examine the export activity of SpAvt3p, we expressed the avt3+ gene in S. cerevisiae cells. We found that the heterologously overproduced GFP-SpAvt3p localized to the vacuolar membrane in S. cerevisiae. Using the vacuolar membrane vesicles isolated from avt3+-overexpressing S. cerevisiae cells, we detected the export activities of alanine and tyrosine in an ATP-dependent manner. These activities were inhibited by the addition of a V-ATPase inhibitor, concanamycin A, thereby suggesting that the activity of SpAvt3p is dependent on a proton electrochemical gradient generated by the action of V-ATPase. In addition, the amounts of various amino acids in the vacuolar pools of S. cerevisiae cells were decreased by the overproduction of SpAvt3p, which indicated that SpAvt3p was functional in S. cerevisiae cells. Thus, SpAvt3p is a vacuolar transporter that is involved in the export of amino acids from S. pombe vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soracom Chardwiriyapreecha
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kunio Manabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iwaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kawano-Kawada
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan; Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sekito
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Siriporn Lunprom
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan; Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Koichi Akiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan; Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kakinuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
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7
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Sekito T, Nakamura K, Manabe K, Tone J, Sato Y, Murao N, Kawano-Kawada M, Kakinuma Y. Loss of ATP-dependent lysine uptake in the vacuolar membrane vesicles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ypq1∆ mutant. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:1199-202. [PMID: 25229858 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.918489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ypq1p is a vacuolar membrane protein of the PQ-loop protein family. We found that ATP-dependent uptake activities of amino acids by vacuolar membrane vesicles were impaired by ypq1∆ mutation. Loss of lysine uptake was most remarkable, and the uptake was recovered by overproduction of Ypq1p. Ypq1p is thus involved in transport of amino acids into vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sekito
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Applied Bioresource Science , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Japan
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8
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A Simple and Specific Procedure to Permeabilize the Plasma Membrane ofSchizosaccharomyces pombe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:2090-5. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Functional expression of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Vba2p in the vacuolar membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:1988-90. [PMID: 24018691 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A vacuolar membrane protein, Vba2p of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, is involved in basic amino acid uptake by intact cells. Here we found evidence that Vba2p mediated ATP-dependent lysine uptake by vacuolar membrane vesicles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Vba2p was also responsible for quinidine sensitivity, and the addition of lysine improved cell growth on quinidine-containing media. These findings should be useful for further characterization of Vba2p.
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10
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Tseng HK, Liu CP, Price MS, Jong AY, Chang JC, Toffaletti DL, Betancourt-Quiroz M, Frazzitta AE, Cho WL, Perfect JR. Identification of genes from the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans related to transmigration into the central nervous system. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45083. [PMID: 23028773 PMCID: PMC3447876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A mouse brain transmigration assessment (MBTA) was created to investigate the central nervous system (CNS) pathogenesis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. Methodology/Principal Findings Two cryptococcal mutants were identified from a pool of 109 pre-selected mutants that were signature-tagged with the nourseothricin acetyltransferase (NAT) resistance cassette. These two mutants displayed abnormal transmigration into the central nervous system. One mutant displaying decreased transmigration contains a null mutation in the putative FNX1 gene, whereas the other mutant possessing a null mutation in the putative RUB1 gene exhibited increased transmigration into the brain. Two macrophage adhesion-defective mutants in the pool, 12F1 and 3C9, showed reduced phagocytosis by macrophages, but displayed no defects in CNS entry suggesting that transit within macrophages (the “Trojan horse” model of CNS entry) is not the primary mechanism for C. neoformans migration into the CNS in this MBTA. Conclusions/Significance This research design provides a new strategy for genetic impact studies on how Cryptococcus passes through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the specific isolated mutants in this assay support a transcellular mechanism of CNS entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Kuang Tseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Pan Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael S. Price
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Ambrose Y. Jong
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jui-Chih Chang
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dena L. Toffaletti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Marisol Betancourt-Quiroz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Aubrey E. Frazzitta
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Wen-Long Cho
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WLC); (JRP)
| | - John R. Perfect
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WLC); (JRP)
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11
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Nakase M, Nakase Y, Chardwiriyapreecha S, Kakinuma Y, Matsumoto T, Takegawa K. Intracellular trafficking and ubiquitination of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe amino acid permease Aat1p. Microbiology (Reading) 2012; 158:659-673. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.053389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nakase
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakase
- Department of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6060-8501, Japan
| | - Soracom Chardwiriyapreecha
- Department of Applied Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kakinuma
- Department of Applied Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | | | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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12
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Okumoto S, Pilot G. Amino acid export in plants: a missing link in nitrogen cycling. MOLECULAR PLANT 2011; 4:453-63. [PMID: 21324969 PMCID: PMC3143828 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssr003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The export of nutrients from source organs to parts of the body where they are required (e.g. sink organs) is a fundamental biological process. Export of amino acids, one of the most abundant nitrogen species in plant long-distance transport tissues (i.e. xylem and phloem), is an essential process for the proper distribution of nitrogen in the plant. Physiological studies have detected the presence of multiple amino acid export systems in plant cell membranes. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the molecular identity of amino acid exporters, partially due to the technical difficulties hampering the identification of exporter proteins. In this short review, we will summarize our current knowledge about amino acid export systems in plants. Several studies have described plant amino acid transporters capable of bi-directional, facilitative transport, reminiscent of activities identified by earlier physiological studies. Moreover, recent expansion in the number of available amino acid transporter sequences have revealed evolutionary relationships between amino acid exporters from other organisms with a number of uncharacterized plant proteins, some of which might also function as amino acid exporters. In addition, genes that may regulate export of amino acids have been discovered. Studies of these putative transporter and regulator proteins may help in understanding the elusive molecular mechanisms of amino acid export in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Okumoto
- 549 Latham Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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13
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Atg22p, a vacuolar membrane protein involved in the amino acid compartmentalization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:385-7. [PMID: 21307582 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has a homolog of the budding yeast Atg22p, which is involved in spore formation (Mukaiyama H. et al., Microbiology, 155, 3816-3826 (2009)). GFP-tagged Atg22p in the fission yeast was localized to the vacuolar membrane. Upon disruption of atg22, the amino acid levels of the cellular fraction as well as the vacuolar fraction decreased. The uptake of several amino acids, such as lysine, histidine, and arginine, was impaired in atg22Δ cells. S. pombe Atg22p plays an important role in the compartmentalization of amino acids.
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14
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Vacuolar amino acid transporter Avt5p is responsible for lithium uptake in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:1719-21. [PMID: 20699567 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe was sensitive to salinity; cell growth was stopped by 0.5 M NaCl and by 10 mM LiCl. The avt5+ gene encodes a vacuolar transporter with a broad specificity for amino acids. We found that the avt5Delta mutant became highly tolerant of Li+ and Na+ in growth. Concanamycin A-sensitive Li+ uptake as well as cellular Li+ content was lower in the avt5 mutant, suggesting a role of Avt5p in cellular uptake of toxic Li+.
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15
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Chardwiriyapreecha S, Mukaiyama H, Sekito T, Iwaki T, Takegawa K, Kakinuma Y. Avt5p is required for vacuolar uptake of amino acids in the fission yeastSchizosaccharomycespombe. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2339-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Mukaiyama H, Nakase M, Nakamura T, Kakinuma Y, Takegawa K. Autophagy in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. FEBS Lett 2009; 584:1327-34. [PMID: 20036658 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a non-selective degradation process in eukaryotic cells. The genome sequence of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has revealed that many of the genes required for autophagy are common between the fission yeast and budding yeast, suggesting that the basic machinery of autophagy is conserved between these species. Autophagy in fission yeast is specifically induced by nitrogen starvation based on monitoring a GFP-Atg8p marker. Upon nitrogen starvation, fission yeast cells exit the vegetative cell cycle and initiate sexual differentiation to produce spores. Most of the nitrogen used for de novo protein synthesis during sporulation derives from the autophagic protein degradation system. This review focuses on the recent advances in the role of autophagy in fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mukaiyama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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17
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Mukaiyama H, Kajiwara S, Hosomi A, Giga-Hama Y, Tanaka N, Nakamura T, Takegawa K. Autophagy-deficient Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants undergo partial sporulation during nitrogen starvation. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2009; 155:3816-3826. [PMID: 19778961 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.034389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is triggered when organisms sense radical environmental changes, including nutritional starvation. During autophagy, cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed within autophagosomes and are degraded upon lysosome-vacuole fusion. In this study, we show that processing of GFP-tagged Atg8 can serve as a marker for autophagy in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Using this marker, 13 Atg homologues were also found to be required for autophagy in fission yeast. In budding yeast, autophagy-deficient mutants are known to be sterile, whereas in fission yeast we found that up to 30 % of autophagy-defective cells with amino acid auxotrophy were able to recover sporulation when an excess of required amino acids was supplied. Furthermore, we found that approximately 15 % of the autophagy-defective cells were also able to sporulate when a prototrophic strain was subjected to nitrogen starvation, which suggested that fission yeast may store sufficient intracellular nitrogen to allow partial sporulation under nitrogen-limiting conditions, although the majority of the nitrogen source is supplied by autophagy. Monitoring of the sporulation process revealed that the process was blocked non-specifically at various stages in the atg1Delta and atg12Delta mutants, possibly due to a shortage of amino acids. Taking advantage of this partial sporulation ability of fission yeast, we sought evidence for the existence of a recycling system for nitrogen sources during starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mukaiyama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.,Research Center, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Yokohama 221-8755, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Shiro Kajiwara
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Akira Hosomi
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Yuko Giga-Hama
- Research Center, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Yokohama 221-8755, Japan
| | - Naotaka Tanaka
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Taro Nakamura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Chahomchuen T, Hondo K, Ohsaki M, Sekito T, Kakinuma Y. Evidence for Avt6 as a vacuolar exporter of acidic amino acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2009; 55:409-17. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.55.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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