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Zhao YQ, Ren YF, Li BB, Wei C, Yu B. The mysterious association between adiponectin and endometriosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396616. [PMID: 38813109 PMCID: PMC11133721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a pleiotropic cytokine predominantly derived from adipose tissue. In addition to its role in regulating energy metabolism, adiponectin may also be related to estrogen-dependent diseases, and many studies have confirmed its involvement in mediating diverse biological processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, all of which are related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although many researchers have reported low levels of adiponectin in patients with endometriosis and suggested that it may serve as a protective factor against the development of the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to provide an up-to-date summary of the roles of adiponectin and its downstream cytokines and signaling pathways in the aforementioned biological processes. Further systematic studies on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of adiponectin may provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of endometriosis as well as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing-Bing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
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2
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Farhangnia P, Noormohammadi M, Delbandi AA. Vitamin D and reproductive disorders: a comprehensive review with a focus on endometriosis. Reprod Health 2024; 21:61. [PMID: 38698459 PMCID: PMC11064344 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that was initially known only for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels and maintaining bone health. However, it was later discovered that many organs express vitamin D metabolizing enzymes and have a ligand for vitamin D, which regulates the expression of an extensive assortment of genes. As a result, vitamin D is indispensable for the proper function of organs, and its deficiency is believed to be a critical factor in symptoms and disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The significance of vitamin D in reproductive tissues was recognized later, and studies have revealed its crucial role in male and female fertility, as well as proper reproductive function during pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for infertility, gonadal cancers, pregnancy complications, polycystic ovary syndrome, and endometriosis. However, data investigating the association between vitamin D levels and reproductive disorders, including endometriosis, have encountered inconsistencies. Therefore, the present study aims to review existing research on the effect of vitamin D on proper reproductive function, and the role of deficiency in reproductive diseases and specifically focuses on endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Farhangnia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Noormohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Zeldin J, Sandler DP, Ogunsina K, O’Brien KM. Association of Fibroids, Endometriosis, and Gynecologic Surgeries with Breast Cancer Incidence and Hormone Receptor Subtypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:576-585. [PMID: 38260971 PMCID: PMC10990796 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroids and endometriosis are sex hormone-mediated and exhibit cancer-like behavior. Breast cancer may be more common in women who have had these conditions, but the literature is conflicting and does not always address factors like hysterectomy/oophorectomy status, race/ethnicity, menopause, and hormone receptor subtypes. METHODS Data are from the Sister Study, a cohort of 50,884 U.S. women enrolled in 2003 to 2009 and followed through 2020. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposures and covariates assessed the relationship of fibroids or endometriosis with breast cancer. Logistic regression examined the association with estrogen receptor (ER) status among cases. RESULTS Fibroids (19,932 cases) were positively associated with breast cancer [fully adjusted HR: 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.14], notably among Black participants (HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.07-1.69) and women who had a hysterectomy (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05-1.31). Endometriosis (3,970 cases) was not associated with breast cancer (HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.91-1.08). Among 4,419 breast cancer cases, fibroids were positively associated with ER+ subtypes (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10-1.65), while endometriosis was negatively associated with ER+ subtypes (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61-1.01). CONCLUSIONS We observed a modest positive association between fibroids and breast cancer, particularly ER+ breast cancer. No relationship with endometriosis and breast cancer incidence was found. IMPACT Fibroids, even in those with a family history of breast cancer, might modify breast cancer risk stratification tools. Future studies should further assess this link and interrogate shared risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Zeldin
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Kemi Ogunsina
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Katie M. O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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Nothnick WB, Cui W, Falcone T, Graham A. Prefoldin-5 Expression Is Elevated in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometriotic Epithelium and Modulates Endometriotic Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Migration In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2390. [PMID: 38397067 PMCID: PMC10888559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common disease among women of reproductive age in which endometrial tissue grows in ectopic localizations, primarily within the pelvic cavity. These ectopic "lesions" grow as well as migrate and invade underlying tissues. Despite the prevalence of the disease, an understanding of factors that contribute to these cellular attributes remains poorly understood. Prefoldin-5 (PFDN5) has been associated with both aberrant cell proliferation and migration, but a potential role in endometriosis is unknown. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine PFDN5 expression in endometriotic tissue. PFDN5 mRNA and protein were examined in ectopic (lesion) and eutopic endometrial tissue from women with endometriosis and in eutopic endometrium from those without endometriosis using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively, while function of PFDN5 in vitro was evaluated using cell count and migration assays. PFDN5 mRNA and protein were expressed in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue, predominantly in the glandular epithelium, but not in endometrium from control subjects. Expression of both mRNA and protein was variable among endometriotic eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue but showed an overall net increase. Knockdown of PFDN5 by siRNA transfection of endometriotic epithelial 12Z cells was associated with reduced cell proliferation/survival and migration. PFDN5 is expressed in eutopic and ectopic glandular epithelium and may play a role in proliferation and migration of these cells contributing to disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren B. Nothnick
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Institute for Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute for Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Tommaso Falcone
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility—Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Amanda Graham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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5
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Lu R, Zhu J, Li X, Zeng C, Huang Y, Peng C, Zhou Y, Xue Q. ERβ-activated LINC01018 promotes endometriosis development by regulating the CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 pathway. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00004-3. [PMID: 38224945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis refers to as an estrogen-dependent disease. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ), the main estrogen receptor subtype which is encoded by the estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) gene, can mediate the action of estrogen in endometriosis. Although selective estrogen receptor modulators can target the ERβ, they are not specific due to the wide distribution of ERβ. Recently, long noncoding RNAs have been implicated in endometriosis. Therefore, we aim to explore and validate the downstream regulatory mechanism of ERβ, and to investigate the potential role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 1018 (LINC01018) as a nonhormonal treatment for endometriosis. Our study demonstrates that the expression levels of ESR2 and LINC01018 are increased in ectopic endometrial tissues and reveals a significant positive correlation between the ESR2 and LINC01018 expression. Mechanistically, ERβ directly binds to an estrogen response element located in the LINC01018 promoter region and activates LINC01018 transcription. Functionally, ERβ can regulate the CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 pathway and promote ectopic endometrial stromal cell proliferation via LINC01018 in vitro. Consistent with these findings, the knockdown of LINC01018 inhibits endometriotic lesion proliferation in vivo. In summary, our study demonstrates that the ERβ/LINC01018/CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 signaling axis regulates endometriosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihui Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yingfang Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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Artemova D, Vishnyakova P, Gantsova E, Elchaninov A, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. The prospects of cell therapy for endometriosis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:955-967. [PMID: 36964451 PMCID: PMC10239410 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the physiological region. Despite the fact that this disease is common, laparoscopic surgery is currently the gold standard in the treatment of endometriosis. In this regard, it is necessary to develop new effective methods of minimally invasive therapy for endometriosis. One of the promising areas in the treatment of endometriosis is cell therapy. Cellular therapy is a vast branch of therapeutic methods with various agents. Potential cell therapies for endometriosis may be based on the principle of targeting aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease: suppression of estrogen receptor activity, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and a decrease in the content of stem cells in endometriosis foci. In addition, immune cells such as NK cells and macrophages may be promising agents for cell therapy of endometriosis. Standing apart in the methods of cell therapy is the replacement therapy of endometriosis. Thus, many studies in the field of the pathogenesis of endometriosis can shed light not only on the causes of the disease and may contribute to the development of new methods for personalized cell therapy of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Artemova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Gantsova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Rashidi N, Arefi S, Sadri M, Delbandi AA. Effect of active vitamin D on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in endometriotic stromal cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 46:436-445. [PMID: 36588053 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells (ESC) in endometriotic patients? DESIGN ESC isolated from 10 women with endometriosis and 10 healthy controls were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. The proliferation of control endometrial stromal cells (CESC), eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EuESC) and ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EESC) was analysed 72 h after the treatment using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry were used to determine the cell cycle distribution in ESC. Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining was used to evaluate apoptosis in ESC. RESULTS In the presence of oestrogen, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment inhibited the proliferation of ESC from all three origins (P = 0.009 for CESC, P = 0.005 for EuESC and P < 0.001 for EESC). The percentage of S phase cells in EESC was higher than in EuESC and CESC (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively). The percentage of S phase cells in EuESC was higher than in CESC (P = 0.005). The percentage of G1 phase cells in EESC was lower than that of EuESC and CESC (P = 0.003 and P = 0.002, respectively) and the percentage of G1 phase cells in EuESC was lower than that of CESC (P = 0.007). Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited cell cycle regardless of cell type (P = 0.002 in EESC, P = 0.001 in EuESC and P = 0.014 in CESC), but in the absence of oestrogen, inhibited cell cycle only in EuESC (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Although 1,25(OH)2D3 increased apoptotic and necrotic cells and decreased live cells in the EuESC and EESC, it did not affect apoptosis in CESC and only increased necrotic cells. These findings indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 potentially has a growth-inhibiting and pro-apoptotic effect on ESC from endometriotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesa Rashidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Arefi
- Bahman Hospital Infertility Center, Tehran, Iran; Genetics and In Vitro Assisted Reproductive (GIVAR) Center, Erfan Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Peterson R, Minchella P, Cui W, Graham A, Nothnick WB. RPLP1 Is Up-Regulated in Human Adenomyosis and Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Epithelial Cells and Is Essential for Cell Survival and Migration In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2690. [PMID: 36769010 PMCID: PMC9917350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenomyosis is defined as the development of endometrial epithelial glands and stroma within the myometrial layer of the uterus. These "ectopic" lesions share many cellular characteristics with endometriotic epithelial cells as well as endometrial adenocarcinoma cells, including enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion and progesterone resistance. We recently reported that the 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1, RPLP1, is up-regulated in endometriotic epithelial cells and lesion tissue where it plays a role in cell survival. To evaluate if a similar pattern of expression and function for RPLP1 exists in adenomyosis and endometrial cancer, we examined RPLP1 expression in adenomyosis and endometrial cancer tissue specimens and assessed its function in vitro using well-characterized cell lines. A total of 12 control endometrial biopsies and 20 eutopic endometrial and matched adenomyosis biopsies as well as 103 endometrial adenocarcinoma biopsies were evaluated for RPLP1 localization by immunohistochemistry. Endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines, Ishikawa, HEC1A, HEC1B and AN3 were evaluated for RPLP1 protein and transcript expression, while in vitro function was evaluated by knocking down RPLP1 expression and assessing cell survival and migration. RPLP1 protein was up-regulated in eutopic epithelia as well as in adenomyosis lesions compared to eutopic endometria from control subjects. RPLP1 was also significantly up-regulated in endometrial adenocarcinoma tissue. Knockdown of RPLP1 in endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines was associated with reduced cell survival and migration. RPLP1 expression is up-regulated in eutopic and ectopic adenomyotic epithelia as well as in the epithelia of endometrial cancer specimens. In vitro studies support an essential role for RPLP1 in mediating cell survival and migration, processes which are all involved in pathophysiology associated with both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Peterson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Paige Minchella
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Institute for Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Amanda Graham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Warren B. Nothnick
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Institute for Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Lih Yuan T, Sulaiman N, Nur Azurah AG, Maarof M, Rabiatul Adawiyah Razali, Yazid MD. Oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometriosis: Aetiology of vaginal agenesis in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:937988. [PMID: 36582359 PMCID: PMC9793092 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.937988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue forms and grows outside the uterus due to oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract. Factors that suppress this event could become potential therapeutic agents against disease occurrence and progression. However, an overview of these studies is still lacking. This review assessed the impact of a number factors on oestrogen-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the emergence of several diseases in the female reproductive tract, primarily endometriosis. The association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome was also investigated. Oestrogen, Wnt4 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were chosen as keywords in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science searches performed on 28th June 2021. Study selection was refined to cancer-irrelevant, English, original articles published between years 2011-2021. The full-text assessment was carried out for topic-related articles after title and abstract screening. Included studies were summarised and assessed for their risk of bias using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. In this review, 10 articles investigating oestrogen and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract were summarised and classified into two groups: seven studies under 'factor'-modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and three studies under 'factor'-manipulated oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The current evidence proposes that epithelial-mesenchymal transition is one of the prime causes of reproductive-related disease. This event could be mediated by distinct stimuli, specifically oestrogen and Wnt4 aberration. The results of this review suggest that oestrogen and Wnt4 participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vaginal epithelial cells in MRKH syndrome, adopting from the theories of endometriosis development, which could therefore serve as a foundation for novel target treatment, specifically related to vaginal epithelialisation, to ensure better surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Too Lih Yuan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Sulaiman
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Rabiatul Adawiyah Razali
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Muhammad Dain Yazid,
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10
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Li Y, Hung SW, Zhang R, Man GCW, Zhang T, Chung JPW, Fang L, Wang CC. Melatonin in Endometriosis: Mechanistic Understanding and Clinical Insight. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194087. [PMID: 36235740 PMCID: PMC9572886 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the development of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Pathophysiology of this disease includes abnormal hormone profiles, cell survival, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, immunology, and inflammation. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that is synthesized and released primarily at night from the mammalian pineal gland. Increasing evidence has revealed that melatonin can be synthesized and secreted from multiple extra-pineal tissues where it regulates immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis locally. Melatonin receptors are expressed in the uterus, and the therapeutic effects of melatonin on endometriosis and other reproductive disorders have been reported. In this review, key information related to the metabolism of melatonin and its biological effects is summarized. Furthermore, the latest in vitro and in vivo findings are highlighted to evaluate the pleiotropic functions of melatonin, as well as to summarize its physiological and pathological effects and treatment potential in endometriosis. Moreover, the pharmacological and therapeutic benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on reproductive system-related disease are discussed to support the potential of melatonin supplements toward the development of endometriosis. More clinical trials are needed to confirm its therapeutic effects and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sze-Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Gene Chi-Wai Man
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui-Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chi-Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Promotes Human Endometrial Cell Proliferation through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8796093. [PMID: 36082157 PMCID: PMC9448603 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8796093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivant are among the promising treatments for intrauterine adhesion (IUA); they have been reported to repair the endometrial injury by proliferating endometrial cells. However, the signal pathways involved are not clear. This study investigated the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (hUCMSC-CM) in relieving IUA to find out whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling was involved, and if so, to determine the possible ligands. Methods After endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) were treated with hUCMSC-CM, their proliferation and migration were measured by the CCK8 assay and the scratch assay. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was measured by Western blots, fluorescent staining, and T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) luciferase. A Wnt inhibitor (XAV393) was used to inhibit the proliferation effect of hUCMSC-CM in EECs. Wnt5a expression in hUCMSC was measured by Western blots and fluorescent staining, and Wnt5a in hUCMSC-CM was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to further clarify the mechanism. Results As shown by the CCK8 assay, hUCMSC-CM promoted proliferation and migration of EECs. The expression of β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1 increased in EECs after being treated with hUCMSC-CM. Moreover, hUCMSC-CM was found to promote β-catenin delivery into nuclei by Western blot and fluorescent staining; meanwhile, the inhibitor (XAV393) could restrain this process and inhibit the effect of hUCMSC-CM on EEC proliferation. Wnt5a was detected in hUCMSCs and hUCMSC-CM, which might be a potential therapeutic target. Conclusion This study demonstrated that hUCMSC-CM promoted human endometrial cell proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and Wnt5a might be a potential activator. This would be one of the activating signal pathways in the MSC-related treatment of IUA.
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Sex Steroid Receptors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis: Insights from Laboratory Studies to Clinical Trials. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071705. [PMID: 35885010 PMCID: PMC9312843 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are reproductive disorders that may cause infertility. The pathology of both diseases has been suggested to be associated with sex steroid hormone receptors, including oestrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PRs) and androgen receptors (ARs). Therefore, with this review, we aim to provide an update on the available knowledge of these receptors and how their interactions contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS and endometriosis. One of the main PCOS-related medical conditions is abnormal folliculogenesis, which is associated with the downregulation of ER and AR expression in the ovaries. In addition, metabolic disorders in PCOS are caused by dysregulation of sex steroid hormone receptor expression. Furthermore, endometriosis is related to the upregulation of ER and the downregulation of PR expression. These receptors may serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCOS-related disorders and endometriosis, considering their pathophysiological roles. Receptor agonists may be applied to increase the expression of a specific receptor and treat endometriosis or metabolic disorders. In contrast, receptor antagonist functions to reduce receptor expression and can be used to treat endometriosis and induce ovulation. Understanding PCOS and the pathological roles of endometriosis sex steroid receptors is crucial for developing potential therapeutic strategies to treat infertility in both conditions. Therefore, research should be continued to fill the knowledge gap regarding the subject.
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13
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Chen P, Li B, Ou-Yang L. Role of estrogen receptors in health and disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:839005. [PMID: 36060947 PMCID: PMC9433670 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.839005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate multiple complex physiological processes in humans. Abnormal ER signaling may result in various disorders, including reproductive system-related disorders (endometriosis, and breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer), bone-related abnormalities, lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disease, urogenital tract disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cutaneous melanoma. ER alpha (ERα), ER beta (ERβ), and novel G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) have been identified as the most prominent ERs. This review provides an overview of ERα, ERβ, and GPER1, as well as their functions in health and disease. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications and challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Li
- *Correspondence: Bo Li, libo‐‐
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14
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Duijndam B, Goudriaan A, van den Hoorn T, van der Stel W, Le Dévédec S, Bouwman P, van der Laan JW, van de Water B. Physiologically Relevant Estrogen Receptor Alpha Pathway Reporters for Single-Cell Imaging-Based Carcinogenic Hazard Assessment of Estrogenic Compounds. Toxicol Sci 2021; 181:187-198. [PMID: 33769548 PMCID: PMC8163057 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family of ligand-inducible transcription factors and regulates gene networks in biological processes such as cell growth and proliferation. Disruption of these networks by chemical compounds with estrogenic activity can result in adverse outcomes such as unscheduled cell proliferation, ultimately culminating in tumor formation. To distinguish disruptive activation from normal physiological responses, it is essential to quantify relationships between different key events leading to a particular adverse outcome. For this purpose, we established fluorescent protein MCF7 reporter cell lines for ERα-induced proliferation by bacterial artificial chromosome-based tagging of 3 ERα target genes: GREB1, PGR, and TFF1. These target genes are inducible by the non-genotoxic carcinogen and ERα agonist 17β-estradiol in an ERα-dependent manner and are essential for ERα-dependent cell-cycle progression and proliferation. The 3 GFP reporter cell lines were characterized in detail and showed different activation dynamics upon exposure to 17β-estradiol. In addition, they demonstrated specific activation in response to other established reference estrogenic compounds of different potencies, with similar sensitivities as validated OECD test methods. This study shows that these fluorescent reporter cell lines can be used to monitor the spatial and temporal dynamics of ERα pathway activation at the single-cell level for more mechanistic insight, thereby allowing a detailed assessment of the potential carcinogenic activity of estrogenic compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Duijndam
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands.,Section on Pharmacology, Toxicology and Kinetics, Medicines Evaluation Board, Utrecht 3531AH, The Netherlands
| | - Annabel Goudriaan
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke van den Hoorn
- Section on Pharmacology, Toxicology and Kinetics, Medicines Evaluation Board, Utrecht 3531AH, The Netherlands
| | - Wanda van der Stel
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Le Dévédec
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Bouwman
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem van der Laan
- Section on Pharmacology, Toxicology and Kinetics, Medicines Evaluation Board, Utrecht 3531AH, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery & Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, The Netherlands
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15
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Adenomyosis is associated with specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1H-NMR) serum metabolic profiles. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:243-254. [PMID: 33849709 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the adenomyosis phenotype affects the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based serum metabolic profile of patients. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING University hospital-based research center. PATIENTS Seventy-seven patients who underwent laparoscopy for a benign gynecologic condition. INTERVENTIONS Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and collection of a venous peripheral blood sample were performed during the preoperative workup. The women were allocated to the adenomyosis group (n = 32), or the control group (n = 45). The adenomyosis group was further subdivided into two groups: diffuse adenomyosis of the inner myometrium (n = 14) and focal adenomyosis of the outer myometrium (n = 18). Other adenomyosis phenotypes were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Metabolomic profiling based on 1H-NMR spectroscopy in combination with statistical approaches. RESULTS The serum metabolic profiles of the patients with adenomyosis indicated lower concentrations of 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamate, and serine compared with controls. Conversely, the concentrations of proline, choline, citrate, 2-hydroxybutyrate, and creatinine were higher in the adenomyosis group. The focal adenomyosis of the outer myometrium and the diffuse adenomyosis phenotypes also each exhibited a specific metabolic profile. CONCLUSION Serum metabolic changes were detected in women with features of adenomyosis compared with their disease-free counterparts, and a number of specific metabolic pathways appear to be engaged according to the adenomyosis phenotype. The metabolites with altered levels are particularly involved in immune activation as well as cell proliferation and cell migration. Nevertheless, this study did find evidence of a correlation between metabolite levels and symptoms thought to be related to adenomyosis. Further studies are required to determine the clinical significance of these differences in metabolic profiles.
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16
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Chen P, Mamillapalli R, Habata S, Taylor HS. Endometriosis Cell Proliferation Induced by Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:426-434. [PMID: 32812213 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder that affects 10% of reproductive-aged women and causes pelvic pain and infertility. Bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDCs) are known to engraft endometriosis in association with lesion growth; however, they do not undergo significant clonal expansion. The indirect effects of BMDCs on endometriosis growth and cell proliferation are not well characterized. Here, we demonstrate that BMDCs' co-culture increased endometrial stromal cell proliferation. In vitro studies using endometrial cells showed that BMDCs increased cell proliferation and activation of CDK1 in both an endometriosis cell line and primary endometrial stromal cells from women with endometriosis, however not in normal endometrial cells. In vivo studies using a mouse model of endometriosis showed increased CDK1+ expression associated with engrafted GFP + BMDCs. These results suggest that endometrial cell proliferation is induced by stem cell-derived trophic factors leading to the growth of endometriotic lesions. Targeting the specific signaling molecules secreted by BMDC may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for controlling cell proliferation in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Ramanaiah Mamillapalli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Shutaro Habata
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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17
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Alali Z, Graham A, Swan K, Flyckt R, Falcone T, Cui W, Yang X, Christianson J, Nothnick WB. 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1 (RPLP1) is elevated in human endometriotic tissue and in a murine model of endometriosis and is essential for endometriotic epithelial cell survival in vitro. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:53-64. [PMID: 31899515 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a female disease which is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue and is dependent on estrogen for its survival in these ectopic locations. Expression of the ribosomal protein large P1 (RPLP1) is associated with cell proliferation and invasion in several pathologies, but a role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis has not been explored. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and function of RPLP1 with respect to endometriosis pathophysiology. RPLP1 protein was localised by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in eutopic and ectopic tissue from 28 subjects with confirmed endometriosis and from 20 women without signs or symptoms of the disease, while transcript levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR in 77 endometriotic lesions and 55 matched eutopic endometrial biopsies, and protein expression was evaluated using western blotting in 20 of these matched samples. To evaluate the mechanism for enhanced lesion expression of RPLP1, an experimental murine model of endometriosis was used and RPLP1 expression was localized using IHC. In vitro studies using an endometriosis cell line coupled with shRNA knockdown was used to demonstrate its role in cell survival. Expression of RPLP1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in ectopic lesion tissue compared to paired eutopic endometrium and immunohistochemical localisation revealed predominant localisation to epithelial cells. This pattern of lesion RPLP1 was recapitulated in mice with experimentally induced endometriosis. Stable knockdown of RPLP1 protein resulted in a significant decrease in cell survival in vitro. These studies reveal that RPLP1 is associated with cell proliferation and/or survival and may play a role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Alali
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Amanda Graham
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Kimberly Swan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Center for Reproductive Sciences and Institute for Reproductive and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Rebecca Flyckt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Tommaso Falcone
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Cleveland Clinic London, SW1E 6QT, UK
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Julie Christianson
- Center for Reproductive Sciences and Institute for Reproductive and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Warren B Nothnick
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.,Center for Reproductive Sciences and Institute for Reproductive and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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A Systematic Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identifies Shared Genetic Origin of Endometriosis and Associated Phenotypes. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11010024. [PMID: 33401535 PMCID: PMC7824623 DOI: 10.3390/life11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, one of the most common gynecological disorders, is a complex disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue in extra-uterine locations and is a cause of pelvic pain and infertility. Evidence from observational studies indicate that endometriosis usually appears together with several other phenotypes. These include a list of autoimmune diseases, most of them more prevalent in women, anthropometric traits associated with leanness in the adulthood, as well as female reproductive traits, including altered hormone levels and those associated with a prolonged exposure to menstruation. However, the biological mechanisms underlying their co-morbidity remains unknown. To explore whether those phenotypes and endometriosis share a common genetic origin, we performed a systematic Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) analysis using public GWAS data. Our results suggest potential common genetic roots between endometriosis and female anthropometric and reproductive traits. Particularly, our data suggests that reduced weight and BMI might be mediating the genetic susceptibility to suffer endometriosis. Furthermore, data on female reproductive traits strongly suggest that genetic variants that predispose to a more frequent exposure to menstruation, through earlier age at menarche and shorter menstrual cycles, might also increase the risk to suffer from endometriosis.
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19
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Pereira M, Matuszewska K, Jamieson C, Petrik J. Characterizing Endocrine Status, Tumor Hypoxia and Immunogenicity for Therapy Success in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:772349. [PMID: 34867818 PMCID: PMC8635771 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.772349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is predominantly diagnosed at advanced stages which creates significant therapeutic challenges. As a result, the 5-year survival rate is low. Within ovarian cancer, significant tumor heterogeneity exists, and the tumor microenvironment is diverse. Tumor heterogeneity leads to diversity in therapy response within the tumor, which can lead to resistance or recurrence. Advancements in therapy development and tumor profiling have initiated a shift from a "one-size-fits-all" approach towards precision patient-based therapies. Here, we review aspects of ovarian tumor heterogeneity that facilitate tumorigenesis and contribute to treatment failure. These tumor characteristics should be considered when designing novel therapies or characterizing mechanisms of treatment resistance. Individual patients vary considerably in terms of age, fertility and contraceptive use which innately affects the endocrine milieu in the ovary. Similarly, individual tumors differ significantly in their immune profile, which can impact the efficacy of immunotherapies. Tumor size, presence of malignant ascites and vascular density further alters the tumor microenvironment, creating areas of significant hypoxia that is notorious for increasing tumorigenesis, resistance to standard of care therapies and promoting stemness and metastases. We further expand on strategies aimed at improving oxygenation status in tumors to dampen downstream effects of hypoxia and set the stage for better response to therapy.
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20
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Gupta S, Gupta P. Etiopathogenesis, Challenges and Remedies Associated With Female Genital Tuberculosis: Potential Role of Nuclear Receptors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:02161. [PMID: 33178178 PMCID: PMC7593808 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is recognized mainly as a secondary manifestation of a primary tuberculosis (TB) infection in the lungs contributing to a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. The TB bacilli upon reactivation maneuver from the primary site disseminating to other organs. Diagnosis and treatment of EPTB remains challenging due to the abstruse positioning of the infected organs and the associated invasiveness of sample acquisition as well as misdiagnosis, associated comorbidities, and the inadequacy of biomarkers. Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) represents the most perilous form of EPTB leading to poor uterine receptivity (UR), recurrent implantation failure and infertility in females. Although the number of TB cases is reducing, FGTB cases are not getting enough attention because of a lack of clinical awareness, nonspecific symptoms, and inappropriate diagnostic measures. This review provides an overview for EPTB, particularly FGTB diagnostics and treatment challenges. We emphasize the need for new therapeutics and highlight the need for the exaction of biomarkers as a point of care diagnostic. Nuclear receptors have reported role in maintaining UR, immune modulation, and TB modulation; therefore, we postulate their role as a therapeutic drug target and biomarker that should be explored in FGTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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21
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The Genetic Background of Endometriosis: Can ESR2 and CYP19A1 Genes Be a Potential Risk Factor for Its Development? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218235. [PMID: 33153202 PMCID: PMC7663510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial foci, localized beyond their primary site, i.e., the uterine cavity. The etiology of this disease is rather complex. Its development is supported by hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors. During recent years, particular attention has been focused on the genetic mechanisms that may be of particular significance for the increased incidence rates of endometriosis. According to most recent studies, ESR2 and CYP19A1 genes may account for the potential risk factors of infertility associated with endometriosis. The paper presents a thorough review of the latest reports and data concerning the genetic background of the risk for endometriosis development.
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22
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Cardoso JV, Perini JA, Machado DE, Pinto R, Medeiros R. Systematic review of genome-wide association studies on susceptibility to endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 255:74-82. [PMID: 33113402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a complex and heterogeneous disease in which extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as genetics, provide to the disease development. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies may be essential to recognize genetic variants associated with the endometriosis risk. However, in the current literature there are some conflicting results between these studies. The aim of the present study was to undertake a systematic review about endometriosis GWA studies, to describe the disease-associated genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to try to understand the endometriosis etiopathogenesis, besides to discuss possible bias of conflicting results among these studies. This study is a systematic review of GWA studies in endometriosis published until December 31th, 2019 by PubMed database, considering the following descriptors: endometriosis and ("polymorphism" or "SNP" or "genetic polymorphism" or "variants" or "locus") and ("GWA" or "Genome-wide" or "Genome wide" or "Genetic association study"). The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (STROBE and PRISMA) to enable better quality of case-control and meta-analysis studies, respectively. Of the 88 articles found, only 15 were eligible. All articles had appropriate quality evaluated by STROBE and PRISMA checklists (77% and 81%, respectively). Overall, 35,022 endometriosis cases and 181,760 controls were analyzed. The number of participants in each study was quite different (171 to 17,045 for the cases and 308 to 150,021 for the controls), with a predominance of European ethnicity. Most endometriosis cases (86%) were diagnosed by surgery, while selection of the control group was different among studies. About 47% performed only one stage (discovery stage) and 53% performed both the discovery and replication analyses. Eleven genes/SNPs were associated with endometriosis risk in more than one article (chromosome 1, 2, 6, 7, 9 and 12; WNT4, GREB1, FN1, IL1A, ETAA1, RND3, ID4, NFE2L3, CDKN2B-AS1 and VEZT). SNPs were localized in intergenic and intronic regions, their risk allele frequencies varied among the studies and their results were conflicting. In summary, WNT4 rs7521902, GREB1 rs13394619, FN1 rs1250248, IL1A rs6542095 and VEZT rs10859871 variants are highlighted due to high frequency and pathways and function that each gene influences in the development of endometriosis. However, the replication and validation of these variants in different populations are necessary for a better understanding of the endometriosis etiopathogenesis, in order to optimize the diagnosis and improve the efficiency of clinical treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Vilarinho Cardoso
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Molecular Oncology Group-CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology Group-CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
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Collins EE, Hargrove JS, Delomas TA, Narum SR. Distribution of genetic variation underlying adult migration timing in steelhead of the Columbia River basin. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9486-9502. [PMID: 32953077 PMCID: PMC7487220 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish migrations are energetically costly, especially when moving between freshwater and saltwater, but are a viable strategy for Pacific salmon and trout (Oncorhynchus spp.) due to the advantageous resources available at various life stages. Anadromous steelhead (O. mykiss) migrate vast distances and exhibit variation for adult migration phenotypes that have a genetic basis at candidate genes known as greb1L and rock1. We examined the distribution of genetic variation at 13 candidate markers spanning greb1L, intergenic, and rock1 regions versus 226 neutral markers for 113 populations (n = 9,471) of steelhead from inland and coastal lineages in the Columbia River. Patterns of population structure with neutral markers reflected genetic similarity by geographic region as demonstrated in previous studies, but candidate markers clustered populations by genetic variation associated with adult migration timing. Mature alleles for late migration had the highest frequency overall in steelhead populations throughout the Columbia River, with only 9 of 113 populations that had a higher frequency of premature alleles for early migration. While a single haplotype block was evident for the coastal lineage, we identified multiple haplotype blocks for the inland lineage. The inland lineage had one haplotype block that corresponded to candidate markers within the greb1L gene and immediately upstream in the intergenic region, and the second block only contained candidate markers from the intergenic region. Haplotype frequencies had similar patterns of geographic distribution as single markers, but there were distinct differences in frequency between the two haplotype blocks for the inland lineage. This may represent multiple recombination events that differed between lineages where phenotypic differences exist between freshwater entry versus arrival timing as indicated by Micheletti et al. (2018a). Redundancy analyses were used to model environmental effects on allelic frequencies of candidate markers, and significant variables were migration distance, temperature, isothermality, and annual precipitation. This study improves our understanding of the spatial distribution of genetic variation underlying adult migration timing in steelhead as well as associated environmental factors and has direct conservation and management implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John S. Hargrove
- Eagle Fish Genetics LabPacific States Marine Fisheries CommissionEagleIDUSA
| | - Thomas A. Delomas
- Eagle Fish Genetics LabPacific States Marine Fisheries CommissionEagleIDUSA
| | - Shawn R. Narum
- Columbia River Inter‐Tribal Fish CommissionHagermanIDUSA
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24
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Mouse model for endometriosis is characterized by proliferation and inflammation but not epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sanchez-Fernandez A, Roncero-Martin R, Moran JM, Lavado-García J, Puerto-Parejo LM, Lopez-Espuela F, Aliaga I, Pedrera-Canal M. Nursing Genetic Research: New Insights Linking Breast Cancer Genetics and Bone Density. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8020172. [PMID: 32549322 PMCID: PMC7349482 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursing research is expected to provide options for the primary prevention of disease and health promotion, regardless of pathology or disease. Nurses have the skills to develop and lead research that addresses the relationship between genetic factors and health. Increasing genetic knowledge and research capacity through interdisciplinary cooperation as well as the development of research resources, will accelerate the rate at which nurses contribute to the knowledge about genetics and health. There are currently different fields in which knowledge can be expanded by research developed from the nursing field. Here, we present an emerging field of research in which it is hypothesized that genetics may affect bone metabolism. Better insight of genetic factors that are contributing to metabolic bone diseases would allow for focused nursing care and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Roncero-Martin
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Jose M. Moran
- Departamento de Estomatología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-927-257450
| | - Jesus Lavado-García
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Luis Manuel Puerto-Parejo
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Fidel Lopez-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Ignacio Aliaga
- Departamento de Estomatología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Pedrera-Canal
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
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Chantalat E, Valera MC, Vaysse C, Noirrit E, Rusidze M, Weyl A, Vergriete K, Buscail E, Lluel P, Fontaine C, Arnal JF, Lenfant F. Estrogen Receptors and Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082815. [PMID: 32316608 PMCID: PMC7215544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a frequent and chronic inflammatory disease with impacts on reproduction, health and quality of life. This disorder is highly estrogen-dependent and the purpose of hormonal treatments is to decrease the endogenous ovarian production of estrogens. High estrogen production is a consistently observed endocrine feature of endometriosis. mRNA and protein levels of estrogen receptors (ER) are different between a normal healthy endometrium and ectopic/eutopic endometrial lesions: endometriotic stromal cells express extraordinarily higher ERβ and significantly lower ERα levels compared with endometrial stromal cells. Aberrant epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation in endometriotic cells is associated with the pathogenesis and development of endometriosis. Although there is a large body of data regarding ERs in endometriosis, our understanding of the roles of ERα and ERβ in the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains incomplete. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the links between endometriosis, ERs and the recent advances of treatment strategies based on ERs modulation. We will also attempt to summarize the current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of ERs and how this could pave the way to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Chantalat
- IUCT Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse, France
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Valera
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Emmanuelle Noirrit
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | - Mariam Rusidze
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Etienne Buscail
- Department of Visceral Surgery, CHU Rangueil, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Coralie Fontaine
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, CEDEX 04, 31 432 Toulouse, France
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Case-control study to develop and validate a questionnaire for the secondary prevention of endometriosis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230828. [PMID: 32226031 PMCID: PMC7105104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis is a debilitating gynecologic disease characterized by the implantation of endometrial tissue in ectopic locations, with signs of severe and chronic inflammation. The new knowledge on endometriosis has highlighted the value of secondary prevention through the early diagnosis and treatment of lesions to reduce serious consequences, first of all, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, as a tool to precociously identify women with endometriosis, to prevent the progression of symptoms. Method We reviewed the literature and selected risk factors, symptoms, and phenotypic traits of the women affected by endometriosis to create the questionnaire divided into 8 modules, with 47 questions. A total of 151 women completed the questionnaires: 51 patients who have endometriosis (the cases) and 100 matched women without endometriosis (the controls). After data collection, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Results We retained four of the significant variables from a step-down logistic regression, namely chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia with VAS≥3, painful defecation, and acne, to develop a final “predictive” logistic model achieving 90.2% sensitivity and 75% specificity. Conclusion Our pilot study demonstrated that the questionnaire provides a powerful tool for the secondary prevention of endometriosis.
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Mishra A, Galvankar M, Singh N, Modi D. Spatial and temporal changes in the expression of steroid hormone receptors in mouse model of endometriosis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:1069-1081. [PMID: 32152908 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis is recognized as a steroid hormone-dependent disorder. However, controversies exist regarding the status of the steroid hormone receptor expression in endometriotic tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine the ontogeny of cellular changes in the expression of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), and progesterone receptors (PRs) in endometriosis using a mouse model. METHODS We used the autologous uterine tissue transfer mouse model and studied the mRNA and protein expression of ERα, ERβ, GPER1, and PR in ectopic lesions at 2, 4, and 8 weeks of induction of endometriosis. RESULT As compared to endometrium of controls, in the ectopic endometrium, ERα is reduced while ERβ was elevated in stromal cells; however, Gper1 and PR levels are reduced in both stromal and epithelial cells in a time-specific manner. There is a high inter-animal variation in the levels of these receptors in ectopic endometrium as compared to controls; the levels also varied by almost 100-fold within the same lesion resulting in "micro-heterogeneity." The expression of all these receptors also deferred between two lesions from the same animal. CONCLUSION In the endometriotic tissue, there is extensive inter-animal and intra-lesion heterogeneity in the expression of ERα, ERβ, GPER1, and PR. These changes are not due to the influence of the peritoneal environment but appear to be tissue intrinsic. We propose that the variable outcomes in hormonal therapy for endometriosis could be possibly due to heterogeneity in the expression of steroid hormone receptors in the ectopic endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mishra
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Mosami Galvankar
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Gerkowicz SA, Curtis SW, Knight AK, Cobb DO, Spencer JB, Conneely KN, Terrell ML, Marcus M, Smith AK. Endometriosis, endocrine disrupters, and epigenetics: an investigation into the complex interplay in women with polybrominated biphenyl exposure and endometriosis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:427-436. [PMID: 32026200 PMCID: PMC7056781 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have been shown to affect multiple biologic processes especially steroid-hormone processes. We sought to determine differences in DNA methylation exists between women with and without endometriosis following exposure to polybrominated biphenyl (PBB). METHODS Cross-sectional study of 305 females in the Michigan PBB Registry. DNA was extracted, and DNA methylation was interrogated using the MethylationEPIC BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, California). Demographic data was analyzed using Chi-squared and T tests. Linear regressions were performed for each cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site, modeling the logit transformation of the β value as a linear function of the presence of endometriosis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted controlling for estradiol levels and menopausal status. Replication study performed evaluating for any association between CpGs reported in the literature and our findings. RESULTS In total, 39,877 CpGs nominally associated with endometriosis (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age and cellular heterogeneity, although none remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (FDR < 0.05). Pathway analysis of these CpGs showed enrichment in 68 biologic pathways involved in various endocrine, immunologic, oncologic, and cell regulation processes as well as embryologic reproductive tract development and function (FoxO, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling). We identified 42,261 CpG sites in the literature reported to be associated with endometriosis; 2012 of these CpG sites were also significant in our cohort. CONCLUSION We found 39,877 CpG sites that nominally associated with endometriosis (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age and cellular heterogeneity; however, none remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (FDR < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina A Gerkowicz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah W Curtis
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Anna K Knight
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dawayland O Cobb
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jessica B Spencer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Metrecia L Terrell
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Alica K Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Karamian A, Nazarian H, Ziai SA, Zarnani AH, Salehpour S, Paktinat S, Novin MG. Pyrvinium pamoate inhibits proliferation and invasion of human endometriotic stromal cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:662-672. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119896612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue in other pelvic organs. This gynecologic problem occurs in 35–50% of women with pain and infertility. Endometriotic cells share some characteristics such as proliferation, migration, and invasion with tumor cells. Pyrvinium pamoate, an anthelmintic drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration, could inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its anticancer effects were examined by several researchers. In this study, 12 ectopic and eutopic endometrial biopsies from females with ovarian endometrioma and 12 endometrial biopsies from nonendometriotic females were obtained. Ectopic (EESCs), eutopic (EuESCs), and control (CESCs) endometrial stromal cells were isolated. Then, the effect of pyrvinium pamoate on the proliferation and invasiveness of in vitro cultured cells was evaluated. The proliferation of CESCs, EuESCs, and EESCs was significantly decreased after treatment with pyrvinium pamoate. In addition, treatment with pyrvinium pamoate significantly inhibited the invasiveness of CESCs, EuESCs, and EESCs compared to nontreated groups. The results of the present research showed that pyrvinium pamoate inhibits the proliferation and invasion of human endometriotic stromal cells in vitro, further investigations on the therapeutic potential of this compound in endometriosis are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karamian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Nazarian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - SA Ziai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A-H Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Salehpour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Paktinat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MG Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Marquardt RM, Kim TH, Shin JH, Jeong JW. Progesterone and Estrogen Signaling in the Endometrium: What Goes Wrong in Endometriosis? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3822. [PMID: 31387263 PMCID: PMC6695957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the healthy endometrium, progesterone and estrogen signaling coordinate in a tightly regulated, dynamic interplay to drive a normal menstrual cycle and promote an embryo-receptive state to allow implantation during the window of receptivity. It is well-established that progesterone and estrogen act primarily through their cognate receptors to set off cascades of signaling pathways and enact large-scale gene expression programs. In endometriosis, when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterine cavity, progesterone and estrogen signaling are disrupted, commonly resulting in progesterone resistance and estrogen dominance. This hormone imbalance leads to heightened inflammation and may also increase the pelvic pain of the disease and decrease endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms governing progesterone and estrogen signaling supporting endometrial function and how they become dysregulated in endometriosis. Understanding how these mechanisms contribute to the pelvic pain and infertility associated with endometriosis will open new avenues of targeted medical therapies to give relief to the millions of women suffering its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Marquardt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jung-Ho Shin
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 08318, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
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Pisarska MD, Chan JL, Lawrenson K, Gonzalez TL, Wang ET. Genetics and Epigenetics of Infertility and Treatments on Outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1871-1886. [PMID: 30561694 PMCID: PMC6463256 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Infertility affects 10% of the reproductive-age population. Even the most successful treatments such as assisted reproductive technologies still result in failed implantation. In addition, adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with infertility have been attributed to these fertility treatments owing to the presumed epigenetic modifications of in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo development. However, the diagnosis of infertility has been associated with adverse outcomes, and the etiologies leading to infertility have been associated with adverse pregnancy and long-term outcomes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We have comprehensively summarized the data available through observational, experimental, cohort, and randomized studies to better define the effect of the underlying infertility diagnosis vs the epigenetics of infertility treatments on treatment success and overall outcomes. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Most female infertility results from polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and unexplained infertility, with some cases resulting from a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype or underlying endometriosis. In addition to failed implantation, defective implantation can lead to problems with placentation that leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes, affecting both mother and fetus. CONCLUSION Current research, although limited, has suggested that genetics and epigenetics of infertility diagnosis affects disease and overall outcomes. In addition, other fertility treatments, which also lead to adverse outcomes, are aiding in the identification of factors, including the supraphysiologic hormonal environment, that might affect the overall success and healthy outcomes for mother and child. Further studies, including genome-wide association studies, epigenomics studies, and experimental studies, are needed to better identify the factors leading to these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta D Pisarska
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jessica L Chan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tania L Gonzalez
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Matalliotaki C, Matalliotakis M, Rahmioglu N, Mavromatidis G, Matalliotakis I, Koumantakis G, Zondervan K, Spandidos DA, Goulielmos GN, Zervou MI. Role of FN1 and GREB1 gene polymorphisms in endometriosis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:111-116. [PMID: 31115525 PMCID: PMC6580018 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a complex gynecological disorder, affecting up to 10% of women of childbearing age, characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue at ectopic positions generally within the peritoneum. It is a heritable condition influenced by multiple genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, with an overall heritability estimated at approximately 50%. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of rs1250248 and rs11674184 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mapping to fibronectin 1 (FN1) and growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) genetic loci, respectively, with the risk of endometriosis. A total of 166 women with endometriosis (stages I–IV) who were hospitalized for the condition, diagnosed by laparoscopic intervention and histologically confirmed, and 168 normal controls were recruited and genotyped. Genotyping of the rs1250248 and rs11674184 SNPs was performed with TaqMan primer/probe sets. A significant association was detected with the A allele, as well as the AA and AG genotypes of rs1250248 (FN1) in patients with endometriosis, as well as in patients with stage I and II of the disease only. The rs11674184 SNP of the GREB1 gene was not found to be associated with an increased susceptibility to endometriosis either for all patients (stages I–IV) or for subgroups of stage I and II or III and IV of the disease only. Our results demonstrated a genetic association between the rs1250248 (FN1) SNP and endometriosis at both the genotypic and allelic level. However, although rs11674184 of GREB1 constitutes one of the most consistently associated SNPs with endometriosis in European ancestry populations, it was not found to be associated with endometriosis in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charoula Matalliotaki
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Matalliotakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nilufer Rahmioglu
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK
| | - George Mavromatidis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Matalliotakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Venizeleio and Pananio General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Krina Zondervan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria I Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Croce S, Lesluyes T, Delespaul L, Bonhomme B, Pérot G, Velasco V, Mayeur L, Rebier F, Ben Rejeb H, Guyon F, McCluggage WG, Floquet A, Querleu D, Chakiba C, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Mery E, Arnould L, Averous G, Soubeyran I, Le Guellec S, Chibon F. GREB1-CTNNB1 fusion transcript detected by RNA-sequencing in a uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT): A novel CTNNB1 rearrangement. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:155-163. [PMID: 30350331 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of CTNNB1 have been implicated in tumorigenesis in many organs. However, tumors harboring a CTNNB1 translocation are extremely rare and this translocation has never been reported in a uterine mesenchymal neoplasm. We report a novel translocation t(2;3)(p25;p22) involving the GREB1 (intron 8) and CTNNB1 (exon 3) in a uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT), which exhibited extrauterine metastasis. The translocation detected by RNA-sequencing was validated by RT-PCR, and resulted in nuclear expression of β-catenin. Juxtapositioning with GREB1, which is overexpressed in response to estrogens, resulted in overexpression of a truncated and hypophosphorylated nuclear β-catenin in the primary and recurrent tumors. This accumulation of nuclear β-catenin results in a constitutive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway with a major oncogenic effect. The CTNNB1 gene fusion, promoted by an estrogen-responsive gene (GREB1), could be a potential driver of tumorigenesis in this case and a therapeutic target with adapted inhibitors. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry performed on 11 additional UTROSCTs showed no CTNNB1 fusion transcript or nuclear β-catenin immunoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Croce
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tom Lesluyes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, INSERM U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Oncosarc, INSERM UMR1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucile Delespaul
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Oncosarc, INSERM UMR1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin Bonhomme
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gaëlle Pérot
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Velasco
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laetitia Mayeur
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Flora Rebier
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Houda Ben Rejeb
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Guyon
- Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - W Glenn McCluggage
- Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Floquet
- Department of Oncology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Denis Querleu
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Surgery, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Chakiba
- Department of Oncology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Eliane Mery
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Department of Pathology, Centre JF Leclerc, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | | | - Isabelle Soubeyran
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Le Guellec
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Oncosarc, INSERM UMR1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Chibon
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Oncosarc, INSERM UMR1037, Toulouse, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
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35
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Park S, Lim W, Bazer FW, Whang KY, Song G. Quercetin inhibits proliferation of endometriosis regulating cyclin D1 and its target microRNAs in vitro and in vivo. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 63:87-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Veskimäe K, Scaravilli M, Niininen W, Karvonen H, Jaatinen S, Nykter M, Visakorpi T, Mäenpää J, Ungureanu D, Staff S. Expression Analysis of Platinum Sensitive and Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patient Samples Reveals New Candidates for Targeted Therapies. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:1160-1170. [PMID: 30056367 PMCID: PMC6079561 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic malignancies. Identification of new biomarkers is highly needed due to its late diagnosis and high recurrence rate. The objective of this study was to identify mechanisms of therapy resistance and potential biomarkers by analyzing mRNA and protein expression from samples derived from patients with platinum-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer (total cohort n = 53). The data revealed new candidates for targeted therapies, such as GREB1 and ROR2. We showed that the development of platinum resistance correlated with upregulation of ROR2, whereas GREB1 was downregulated. Moreover, we demonstrated that high levels of ROR2 in platinum-resistant samples were associated with upregulation of Wnt5a, STAT3 and NF-kB levels, suggesting that a crosstalk between the non-canonical Wnt5a-ROR2 and STAT3/NF-kB signaling pathways. Upregulation of ROR2, Wnt5a, STAT3 and NF-kB was further detected in a platinum-resistant cell-line model. The results of the present study provided insight into molecular mechanisms associated with platinum resistance that could be further investigated to improve treatment strategies in this clinically challenging gynecological cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Veskimäe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
| | - M Scaravilli
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - W Niininen
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - H Karvonen
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Jaatinen
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Nykter
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - T Visakorpi
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Mäenpää
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - D Ungureanu
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Staff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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37
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Guo S. Cancer driver mutations in endometriosis: Variations on the major theme of fibrogenesis. Reprod Med Biol 2018; 17:369-397. [PMID: 30377392 PMCID: PMC6194252 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One recent study reports cancer driver mutations in deep endometriosis, but its biological/clinical significance remains unclear. Since the natural history of endometriosis is essentially gradual progression toward fibrosis, it is thus hypothesized that the six driver genes reported to be mutated in endometriosis (the RP set) may play important roles in fibrogenesis but not necessarily malignant transformation. METHODS Extensive PubMed search to see whether RP and another set of driver genes not yet reported (NR) to be mutated in endometriosis have any roles in fibrogenesis. All studies reporting on the role of fibrogenesis of the genes in both RP and NR sets were retrieved and evaluated in this review. RESULTS All six RP genes were involved in various aspects of fibrogenesis as compared with only three NR genes. These nine genes can be anchored in networks linking with their upstream and downstream genes that are known to be aberrantly expressed in endometriosis, piecing together seemingly unrelated findings. CONCLUSIONS Given that somatic driver mutations can and do occur frequently in physiologically normal tissues, it is argued that these mutations in endometriosis are not necessarily synonymous with malignancy or premalignancy, but the result of enormous pressure for fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun‐Wei Guo
- Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine‐Related DiseasesShanghaiChina
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38
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Ding M, Liu Y, Li J, Yao L, Liao X, Xie H, Yang K, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Huang W, Cai Z. Oestrogen promotes tumorigenesis of bladder cancer by inducing the enhancer RNA-eGREB1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5919-5927. [PMID: 30252203 PMCID: PMC6237589 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, studies have shown that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) can be transcribed from enhancers. Increasing evidence has revealed that eRNAs play critical roles in the development of various cancers. Oestrogen‐associated eRNAs are closely related to breast cancer. In view of the gender differences in bladder cancer (BCa), we suppose that oestrogen‐associated eRNAs are also involved in tumorigenesis of BCa. In our study, we first demonstrated that eGREB1 derived from the enhancer of an oestrogen‐responsive gene—GREB1 was up‐regulated in BCa tissues, and the expression level of eGREB1 is positively associated with the histological grade and TNM stage of BCa. Knockdown of eGREB1 by CRISPR‐Cas13a could inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induce apoptosis in BCa cells T24 and 5637. Besides, we exhibited the promoting effect of oestrogen on BCa cells. What's more, down‐regulation of eGREB1 could improve the malignant biological characteristics of BCa cells induced by oestrogen. In conclusion, our data indicated that eGREB1 plays oncogenic role and oestrogen may promote the occurrence and progression of BCa by inducing eGREB1 production. Our findings provide new insights into the prevention of BCa and develop a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Ding
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianfa Li
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhui Liao
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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39
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Cheng M, Michalski S, Kommagani R. Role for Growth Regulation by Estrogen in Breast Cancer 1 (GREB1) in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092543. [PMID: 30154312 PMCID: PMC6163654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones play important roles in the onset and progression of several cancers, such as breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. Although drugs targeting sex hormone function are useful in treating cancer, tumors often develop resistance. Thus, we need to define the downstream effectors of sex hormones in order to develop new treatment strategies for these cancers. Recent studies unearthed one potential mediator of steroid hormone action in tumors: growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1). GREB1 is an early estrogen-responsive gene, and its expression is correlated with estrogen levels in breast cancer patients. Additionally, GREB1 responds to androgen in prostate cancer cells, and can stimulate the proliferation of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer cells. Recent studies have shown that GREB1 also responds to progesterone in human endometrial cells, suggesting that GREB1 is a pan steroid-responsive gene. This mini-review examines evidence that GREB1 participates in several hormone-dependent cancers and could be targeted to treat these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Stephanie Michalski
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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40
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Yang HL, Chang KK, Mei J, Zhou WJ, Liu LB, Yao L, Meng Y, Wang MY, Ha SY, Lai ZZ, Ye JF, Li DJ, Li MQ. Estrogen restricts the apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells by promoting TSLP secretion. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4410-4416. [PMID: 30152851 PMCID: PMC6172381 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is a female hormone‑ dependent disease with controversial reports of its etiology and pathogenesis. Apoptosis is particularly important in the human endometrium due to the dynamic cycles of proliferation and shedding. Estrogen possessed antiapoptotic effects on endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), which appears to be exacerbated in women with EMS; however, the underlying mechanism of the antiapoptotic effects of estrogen on ESC remains unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether estrogen regulates the apoptosis of ESCs via thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and the associated mechanism. An ELISA was conducted to detect TSLP content in the ESC culture medium treated with estrogen. Subsequently, the early apoptotic rate and expression of B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl‑2) of ESCs were analyzed by flow cytometry in the presence of recombinant human TSLP, anti‑human TSLP neutralizing antibody or estrogen. In the present study, it was reported that ESCs exhibited basal TSLP secretion in the absence of estrogen as reported in previous studies, and that estrogen promoted TSLP secretion of ESCs in a dose‑dependent manner. The results demonstrated that estrogen suppressed the apoptosis of ESCs associated with the promotion of Bcl‑2 expression, which may be partly reversed by inhibiting TSLP. Therefore, the findings of the present study revealed a novel mechanism of estrogen‑dependent apoptotic suppression of ESCs associated with TSLP secretion and Bcl‑2 regulation. Endogenous and estrogen‑induced endometrial TSLP may promote the initiation and development of EMS via the inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Kai Chang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Li-Bing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Li Yao
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yi Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yao Ha
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Lai
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Feng Ye
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Da-Jin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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41
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Expression Analysis of Platinum Sensitive and Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patient Samples Reveals New Candidates for Targeted Therapies. Transl Oncol 2018. [PMID: 30056367 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.07.010] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic malignancies. Identification of new biomarkers is highly needed due to its late diagnosis and high recurrence rate. The objective of this study was to identify mechanisms of therapy resistance and potential biomarkers by analyzing mRNA and protein expression from samples derived from patients with platinum-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer (total cohort n = 53). The data revealed new candidates for targeted therapies, such as GREB1 and ROR2. We showed that the development of platinum resistance correlated with upregulation of ROR2, whereas GREB1 was downregulated. Moreover, we demonstrated that high levels of ROR2 in platinum-resistant samples were associated with upregulation of Wnt5a, STAT3 and NF-kB levels, suggesting that a crosstalk between the non-canonical Wnt5a-ROR2 and STAT3/NF-kB signaling pathways. Upregulation of ROR2, Wnt5a, STAT3 and NF-kB was further detected in a platinum-resistant cell-line model. The results of the present study provided insight into molecular mechanisms associated with platinum resistance that could be further investigated to improve treatment strategies in this clinically challenging gynecological cancer.
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42
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Abstract
Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of tissue outside the uterus that resembles endometrium, mainly on pelvic organs and tissues. It affects ~5-10% of women in their reproductive years - translating to 176 million women worldwide - and is associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Diagnosis is reliably established only through surgical visualization with histological verification, although ovarian endometrioma and deep nodular forms of disease can be detected through ultrasonography and MRI. Retrograde menstruation is regarded as an important origin of the endometrial deposits, but other factors are involved, including a favourable endocrine and metabolic environment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and altered immunity and inflammatory responses in genetically susceptible women. Current treatments are dictated by the primary indication (infertility or pelvic pain) and are limited to surgery and hormonal treatments and analgesics with many adverse effects that rarely provide long-term relief. Endometriosis substantially affects the quality of life of women and their families and imposes costs on society similar to those of other chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Future research must focus on understanding the pathogenesis, identifying disease subtypes, developing non-invasive diagnostic methods and targeting non-hormonal treatments that are acceptable to women who wish to conceive.
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43
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Hodgkinson K, Forrest LA, Vuong N, Garson K, Djordjevic B, Vanderhyden BC. GREB1 is an estrogen receptor-regulated tumour promoter that is frequently expressed in ovarian cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:5873-5886. [PMID: 29973689 PMCID: PMC6212416 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Estrogenic hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of developing ovarian cancer, and estrogen promotes tumour initiation and growth in mouse models of this disease. GREB1 (Growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1) is an ESR1 (estrogen receptor 1)-upregulated protein which may mediate estrogen action. GREB1 knockdown prevents hormone-driven proliferation of several breast and prostate cancer cell lines and prolongs survival of mice engrafted with ovarian cancer cells, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we explored GREB1 function in ovarian cancer. GREB1 overexpression in ovarian cancer cell lines increased cell proliferation and migration and promoted a mesenchymal morphology associated with increased Col1a2, which encodes a collagen I subunit. GREB1 knockdown inhibited proliferation and promoted an epithelial morphology associated with decreased Col1a2. In human tissues, GREB1 was expressed in all ESR1-expressing tissues throughout the normal female reproductive tract, in addition to several tissues that did not show ESR1 expression. In a TMA of ovarian cancer cases, GREB1 was expressed in 75–85% of serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and clear cell carcinomas. Serous, endometrioid, and mucinous ovarian cancers were almost always positive for either ESR1 or GREB1, suggesting a possible reliance on signalling through ESR1 and/or GREB1. Targeting GREB1 may inhibit tumour-promoting pathways both downstream and independent of ESR1 and is therefore a possible treatment strategy worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Hodgkinson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Laura A Forrest
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nhung Vuong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth Garson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bojana Djordjevic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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44
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Cho YJ, Lee JE, Park MJ, O'Malley BW, Han SJ. Bufalin suppresses endometriosis progression by inducing pyroptosis and apoptosis. J Endocrinol 2018; 237:255-269. [PMID: 29636364 PMCID: PMC5943165 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-1 isoform/estrogen receptor (ER)-β axis has an essential role in endometriosis progression. In this context, therefore, bufalin was employed as a 'tool compound' to evaluate inhibitors of SRC in alternative endometriosis treatment. Bufalin effectively suppressed the growth of primary human endometrial stroma cells isolated from endometriosis patients compared to women without endometriosis and immortalized human endometrial epithelial and stromal cells expressing the SRC-1 isoform compared to their parental cells in vitroIn vivo, compared to the vehicle, bufalin treatment significantly suppressed the growth of endometriotic lesions in mice with surgically induced endometriosis because bufalin disrupted the functional axis of SRC-1 isoform/ERβ by increasing SRC-1 isoform protein stability, hyperactivating the transcriptional activity of the SRC-1 isoform and degrading the ERβ protein by proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 2 in endometriotic lesions. Bufalin treatment elevated the apoptosis signaling in epithelial cells of endometriotic lesions. In stromal cells of endometriotic lesions, bufalin treatment increased the levels of pyroptosis markers (caspase 1 and the active form of interleukin 1β) and reduced proliferation. In addition, bufalin treatment increased the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum-stress (ERS) markers (PKR-like ER kinase, protein disulfide isomerase and binding immunoglobulin) in endometriotic lesions. Collectively, the bufalin-induced disruption of the SRC-1 isoform/ERβ axis might induce apoptosis, pyroptosis and ERS signaling in endometriotic lesions, causing the suppression of endometriosis. Therefore, future generations of SRC-modulators could be employed as an alternative medical approach for endometriosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jean Cho
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dong-A University, College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeun E Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mi Jin Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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45
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Camden AJ, Szwarc MM, Chadchan SB, DeMayo FJ, O'Malley BW, Lydon JP, Kommagani R. Growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) is a novel progesterone-responsive gene required for human endometrial stromal decidualization. Mol Hum Reprod 2018; 23:646-653. [PMID: 28911214 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is Growth Regulation by Estrogen in Breast Cancer 1 (GREB1) required for progesterone-driven endometrial stromal cell decidualization? SUMMARY ANSWER GREB1 is a novel progesterone-responsive gene required for progesterone-driven human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Successful establishment of pregnancy requires HESCs to transform from fibroblastic to epithelioid cells in a process called decidualization. This process depends on the hormone progesterone, but the molecular mechanisms by which it occurs have not been determined. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Primary and transformed HESCs in which GREB1 expression was knocked down were decidualized in culture for up to 6 days. Wild-type and progesterone receptor (PR) knockout mice were treated with progesterone, and their uteri were assessed for levels of GREB1 expression. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Analysis of previous data included data mining of expression profile data sets and in silico transcription factor-binding analysis. Endometrial biopsies obtained from healthy women of reproductive age during the proliferative phase (Days 8-12) of their menstrual cycle were used for isolating HESCs. Experiments were carried out with early passage (no more than four passages) HESCs isolated from at least three subjects. Transcript levels of decidualization markers prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) were detected by quantitative RT-PCR as readouts for HESC decidualization. Cells were also imaged by phase-contrast microscopy. To assess the requirement for GREB1, PR and SRC-2, cells were transfected with specifically targeted small interfering RNAs. Results are shown as mean and SE from three replicates of one representative patient-derived primary endometrial cell line. Experiments were also conducted with transformed HESCs. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Progesterone treatment of mice and transformed HESCs led to an ~5-fold (5.6 ± 0.81, P < 0.05, and 5.2 ± 0.26, P < 0.01, respectively) increase in GREB1 transcript levels. This increase was significantly reduced in the uteri of PR knock-out mice (P < 0.01), in HESCs treated with the PR antagonist RU486 (P < 0.01), or in HESCs in which PR expression was knocked down (P < 0.05). When GREB1 expression was knocked down, progesterone-driven decidualization markers in both immortalized and primary HESCs was significantly reduced (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Finally, GREB1 knock down signficantly reduced expression of the PR target genes WNT4 and FOXOA1 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). LARGE SCALE DATA This study used the Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although in vitro cell culture studies indicate that GREB1 is required for endoemtrial decidualization, the in vivo role of GREB1 in endometrial function and dysfunction should be assessed by using knock-out mouse models. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Identification and functional analysis of GREB1 as a key molecular mediator of decidualization may lead to improved diagnosis and clinical management of women with peri-implantation loss due to inadequate endometrial decidualization. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was funded in part by: a National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) grant (R00 HD080742) and Washington University School of Medicine start-up funds to R.K., an NIH/NICHD grant (RO1 HD-07857) to B.W.O.M., and a NIH/NICHD grant (R01 HD-042311) to J.P.L. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Camden
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maria M Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sangappa B Chadchan
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Kiani K, Movahedin M, Malekafzali H, Mirfasihi F, Sadati SN, Moini A, Ostad SN, Aflatoonian R. Effect of the estrus cycle stage on the establishment of murine endometriosis lesions. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.16.5.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Li N, Zhang L, Li Q, Du Y, Liu H, Liu Y, Xiong W. Notch activity mediates oestrogen-induced stromal cell invasion in endometriosis. Reproduction 2018; 157:371-381. [PMID: 30753135 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oestrogen has been reported to control the invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. Notch signalling, a master regulator of cell invasion in tumours, is regulated by oestrogen in other diseases and hyperactivated in endometriotic stromal cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that an interaction between Notch signalling and oestrogen may exist in the regulation of endometrial stromal cell invasion, which is essential for the development of endometriosis. Western blot analysis of tissues showed that the expression levels of Notch components (JAG1 and NOTCH1) and Notch activity were markedly higher in ectopic endometria than in their eutopic and normal counterparts. Primary stromal cells obtained from normal endometria cultured with oestrogen presented significant increases in the expression of Notch components and Notch activity, the cytoplasmic and nuclear accumulation of NOTCH1 intracellular domain, the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor and cell invasiveness. Knockdown ofNOTCH1markedly alleviated oestrogen-induced matrix metallopeptidase 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cell invasion. ICI (an oestrogen receptor α antagonist) also blocked these oestrogenic effects. Oestrogen-responsive elements were found in the promoters ofNOTCH1andJAG1. A luciferase reporter analysis revealed that oestrogen regulated the expression of Notch components via oestrogen receptor alpha, which is bound to oestrogen-responsive elements in theJAG1andNOTCH1promoters. Collectively, our findings indicate that oestrogen engages in crosstalk with Notch signalling to regulate cell invasion in endometriosis via the activation of oestrogen receptor alpha and the enhancement of Notch activity. Notch signalling blockade may therefore be a novel therapeutic target for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hengwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Patel BG, Lenk EE, Lebovic DI, Shu Y, Yu J, Taylor RN. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: Interaction between Endocrine and inflammatory pathways. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2018; 50:50-60. [PMID: 29576469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite an estimated prevalence of 11% in women and plausible historical descriptions dating back to the 17th century, the etiology of endometriosis remains poorly understood. Classical theories of the histological origins of endometriosis are reviewed below. Clinical presentations are variable, and signs and symptoms do not correlate well with the extent of disease. In this summary, we have attempted to synthesize the growing evidence that hormonal and immune factors conspire to activate a local inflammatory microenvironment that encourages endometriosis to persist and elaborate mediators of its two cardinal symptoms: pain and infertility. Surprisingly, in the search for novel therapeutics for medical treatment of endometriosis, some compounds appear to have dual pharmacological functions, simultaneously modifying the endocrine and immune system facets of this complex gynecologic syndrome. We predict that these lead drugs will provide more therapeutic choices for patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bansari G Patel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Emily E Lenk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Dan I Lebovic
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55435, USA
| | - Yimin Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Molecular Medicine and Translational Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Dorostghoal M, Ghaffari HOA, Marmazi F, Keikhah N. Overexpression of Endometrial Estrogen Receptor-Alpha in The Window of Implantation in Women with Unexplained Infertility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2018; 12:37-42. [PMID: 29334205 PMCID: PMC5767930 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Failure in the endometrial receptivity may account for a significant number of infertility cases including unexplained infertility in women. Reduction in the endometrial estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) expression during implantation may be a critical event that coincides with the expression of specific genes and the formation of a receptive endometrium. The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of ER-α in the mid-secretory phase in the endometrium of women with unexplained infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study was carried out on randomly selected fertile (n=10) and infertile (n=16) women whose source of infertility remained unexplained. We evaluated the expression of ER-α and glycodelin- A (GdA) through mRNA level measurement with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the endometrium of fertile women and patients suffering from unexplained infertility and fertile women. Endometrial biopsies of each subject were collected during a single menstrual cycle 7 days after the peak of luteinizing hormone (LH+7). RESULTS Endometrial expression level of ER-α was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the patients with unexplained infertility compared to the control. Significantly (P<0.05) lower levels of GdA expression were seen in women with unexplained infertility. A statistically non-significant negative correlation was observed between ER-α and GdA mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that reduction in the endometrial GdA expression is associated with elevated expression of ER-α in mid-luteal phase. Disruption in the endometrial ER-α expression, which leads to defects in uterine receptivity, may contribute to unexplained infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Dorostghoal
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Hamid-O-Allah Ghaffari
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Marmazi
- Department of Gynecology, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Narjes Keikhah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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50
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Capobianco A, Cottone L, Monno A, Manfredi AA, Rovere-Querini P. The peritoneum: healing, immunity, and diseases. J Pathol 2017; 243:137-147. [PMID: 28722107 DOI: 10.1002/path.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The peritoneum defines a confined microenvironment, which is stable under normal conditions, but is exposed to the damaging effect of infections, surgical injuries, and other neoplastic and non-neoplastic events. Its response to damage includes the recruitment, proliferation, and activation of a variety of haematopoietic and stromal cells. In physiological conditions, effective responses to injuries are organized; inflammatory triggers are eliminated; inflammation quickly abates; and the normal tissue architecture is restored. However, if inflammatory triggers are not cleared, fibrosis or scarring occurs and impaired tissue function ultimately leads to organ failure. Autoimmune serositis is characterized by the persistence of self-antigens and a relapsing clinical pattern. Peritoneal carcinomatosis and endometriosis are characterized by the persistence of cancer cells or ectopic endometrial cells in the peritoneal cavity. Some of the molecular signals orchestrating the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the peritoneum have been identified in the last few years. Alternative activation of peritoneal macrophages was shown to guide angiogenesis and fibrosis, and could represent a novel target for molecular intervention. This review summarizes current knowledge of the alterations to the immune response in the peritoneal environment, highlighting the ambiguous role played by persistently activated reparative macrophages in the pathogenesis of common human diseases. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Capobianco
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Cottone
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy.,University College London, Genetics and Cell Biology of Sarcoma Group, London, UK
| | - Antonella Monno
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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