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Kumar H, Dhalaria R, Guleria S, Cimler R, Sharma R, Siddiqui SA, Valko M, Nepovimova E, Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Kumar V, Pathera AK, Verma N, Kaur T, Manickam S, Alomar SY, Kuča K. Anti-oxidant potential of plants and probiotic spp. in alleviating oxidative stress induced by H 2O 2. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115022. [PMID: 37336149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a metabolic by-product. ROS molecules trigger oxidative stress as a feedback response that significantly initiates biological processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. Furthermore, extensive research has revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important ROS entity and plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell signalling, and apoptosis. However, excessive production of H2O2 has been shown to disrupt biomolecules and cell organelles, leading to an inflammatory response and contributing to the development of health complications such as collagen deposition, aging, liver fibrosis, sepsis, ulcerative colitis, etc. Extracts of different plant species, phytochemicals, and Lactobacillus sp (probiotic) have been reported for their anti-oxidant potential. In this view, the researchers have gained significant interest in exploring the potential plants spp., their phytochemicals, and the potential of Lactobacillus sp. strains that exhibit anti-oxidant properties and health benefits. Thus, the current review focuses on comprehending the information related to the formation of H2O2, the factors influencing it, and their pathophysiology imposed on human health. Moreover, this review also discussed the anti-oxidant potential and role of different extract of plants, Lactobacillus sp. and their fermented products in curbing H2O2‑induced oxidative stress in both in-vitro and in-vivo models via boosting the anti-oxidative activity, inhibiting of important enzyme release and downregulation of cytochrome c, cleaved caspases-3, - 8, and - 9 expression. In particular, this knowledge will assist R&D sections in biopharmaceutical and food industries in developing herbal medicine and probiotics-based or derived food products that can effectively alleviate oxidative stress issues induced by H2O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rajni Dhalaria
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India
| | - Richard Cimler
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany.
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 81237, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Narinder Verma
- School of Management and Liberal Arts, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
| | - Suliman Y Alomar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Comparison of Different Clinical Chemotherapeutical Agents’ Toxicity and Cell Response on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192942. [PMID: 36230904 PMCID: PMC9563435 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or fibroblasts are one of the most abundant cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME) exerting various anti- and pro-apoptotic effects during tumorigenesis, invasion, and drug treatment. Despite the recently discovered importance of MSCs in tumor progression and therapy, the response of these cells to chemotherapeutics compared to cancer cells is rarely investigated. A widely accepted view is that these naive MSCs have higher drug tolerance than cancer cells due to a significantly lower proliferation rate. Here, we examine the differences and similarities in the sensitivity of MSCs and cancer cells to nine diverse chemotherapy agents and show that, although MSCs have a slower cell cycle, these cells are still sensitive to various drugs. Surprisingly, MSCs showed similar sensitivity to a panel of compounds, however, suffered fewer DNA double-stranded breaks, did not enter into a senescent state, and was virtually incapable of apoptosis. Our results suggest that MSCs and cancer cells have different cell fates after drug treatment, and this could influence therapy outcome. These findings could help design drug combinations targeting both MSCs and cancer cells in the TME.
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Morsy S, Mansour MF, Abdo M, El‐Wazir Y. Can mobilization of bone marrow stem cells be an alternative regenerative therapy to stem cell injection in a rat model of chronic kidney disease? Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15448. [PMID: 36065849 PMCID: PMC9446404 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a priority health problem affecting 36% of Egyptians. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have multidifferentiation capacity and the ability to restore several types of cells including damaged renal cells. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is known to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to the peripheral circulation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of endogenous CD34+ cells mobilization and exogenous ADMSCs administration in the treatment of a rat model of adriamycin (ADR)-induced CKD. A total of 48 male albino rats of the local strain (200 ± 50 g) were equally divided into four groups: control negative, ADR (control positive), ADMSCs group, and G-CSF group. Six rats from each group were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the other 6 after 12 weeks. Renal function was assessed frequently by measuring serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24-h urinary protein level, and hemoglobin level throughout the study. Oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant (TAO) were measured on day 28. CD-34+ cell percentage was measured on day 9. After the sacrification of the rats, kidneys were removed for histopathological assessment. Results revealed that both ADMSCs and G-CSF significantly improved serum creatinine, albumin, urea, 24-h urinary protein level, and histopathological damage score, with the G-CSF-treated group showing better improvement in 24-h urinary protein level, serum albumin, and histopathological damage score compared with ADMSCs-treated group. The G-CSF group also had significantly higher levels of CD34+ cells. Oxidative stress markers (MDA and TAO) levels were significantly improved with both therapies. We conclude that mobilization of endogenous hematopoietic stem cells by G-CSF is more effective than exogenously injected ADMSCs in protecting the kidneys against AD-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Morsy
- Physiology Department, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Mona F. Mansour
- Physiology Department, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Physiology Department, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Yasser El‐Wazir
- Physiology Department, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
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Papaccio F, D′Arino A, Caputo S, Bellei B. Focus on the Contribution of Oxidative Stress in Skin Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1121. [PMID: 35740018 PMCID: PMC9220264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is one of the most evident signs of human aging. Modification of the skin during the life span is characterized by fine lines and wrinkling, loss of elasticity and volume, laxity, rough-textured appearance, and pallor. In contrast, photoaged skin is associated with uneven pigmentation (age spot) and is markedly wrinkled. At the cellular and molecular level, it consists of multiple interconnected processes based on biochemical reactions, genetic programs, and occurrence of external stimulation. The principal cellular perturbation in the skin driving senescence is the alteration of oxidative balance. In chronological aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly through cellular oxidative metabolism during adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation from glucose and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas in extrinsic aging, loss of redox equilibrium is caused by environmental factors, such as ultraviolet radiation, pollution, cigarette smoking, and inadequate nutrition. During the aging process, oxidative stress is attributed to both augmented ROS production and reduced levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic protectors. Apart from the evident appearance of structural change, throughout aging, the skin gradually loses its natural functional characteristics and regenerative potential. With aging, the skin immune system also undergoes functional senescence manifested as a reduced ability to counteract infections and augmented frequency of autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. This review proposes an update on the role of oxidative stress in the appearance of the clinical manifestation of skin aging, as well as of the molecular mechanisms that underline this natural phenomenon sometimes accelerated by external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (S.C.)
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Khalil Alyahya H, Subash-Babu P, Mohammad Salamatullah A, Hayat K, Albader N, Alkaltham MS, Ahmed MA, Arzoo S, Bourhia M. Quantification of Chlorogenic Acid and Vanillin from Coffee Peel Extract and its Effect on α-Amylase Activity, Immunoregulation, Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, and Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression Levels in H 2O 2-Induced Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:760242. [PMID: 34795590 PMCID: PMC8593645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polyphenols and flavonoid-rich foods help in arresting reactive oxygen species development and protecting DNA from oxidative damage. Coffee peel (CP) preparations are consumed as beverages, and their total polyphenol or flavonoid content and their effect on oxidative stress-induced human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are poorly understood. Method: We prepared hot water extracts of CP (CPE) and quantified the amount of total polyphenol and flavonoid using HPLC analysis. In addition, CPE have been studied for their α-amylase inhibitory effect and beneficial effects in oxidative stress-induced hMSCs. Results: The obtained results show that the availability of chlorogenic acid, vanillin, and salicylic acid levels in CPE is more favorable for enhancing cell growth, nuclear integrity, and mitochondrial efficiency which is confirmed by propidium iodide staining and JC-1 staining. CPE treatment to hMSCs for 48 h reduced oxidative stress by decreasing mRNA expression levels of LPO and NOX-4 and in increasing antioxidant CYP1A, GSH, GSK-3β, and GPX mRNA expressions. Decreased pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, NF-κβ, IL-1β, TLR-4) and increased tumor suppressor genes (except Bcl-2) such as Cdkn2A, p53 expressions have been observed. Conclusions: The availability of CGA in CPs effectively reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased tumor suppressor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Khalil Alyahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Albader
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Asif Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaista Arzoo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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Subash-Babu P, Al-Saran N, M Alshammari G, Naif Al-Harbi L, Hussain Alhussain M, Shamlan G, Abdulaziz AlSedairy S, Abdullah Alshatwi A. Evaluation of Biosafety, Antiobesity, and Endothelial Cells Proliferation Potential of Basil Seed Extract Loaded Organic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:722258. [PMID: 34671255 PMCID: PMC8521050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.722258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to synthesize solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance liposome-assisted intracellular uptake of basil seed active components in adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to attain increased bioavailability. To obtain solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNp), the water phase containing basil seed extract (BSE) was encapsulated with lipid matrix containing chia seed phospholipids using homogenization and cold ultra-sonication method. The physicochemical characterization of BSE loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BSE-SLNp) has been analyzed using Zetasizer, FT-IR, and TEM. The BSE-SLNp showed an average diameter of 20-110 nm on the day of preparation and it remains the same after 60 days of storage. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the BSE-SLNp did not produce toxicity in hMSCs, preadipocytes, or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) until the tested higher dose up to 64 μg/ml. During effective dose determination, 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp confirmed non-toxic and enhanced metabolic function in hMSCs, preadipocytes, and HUVECs. Biosafety assay confirmed normal nuclear morphology in PI staining and high mitochondrial membrane potential in JC-1 assay within 48 h in hMSCs. The maturing adipocyte treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp significantly increased the mitochondrial efficiency and fatty acid beta-oxidation (PPARγC1α, UCP-1, and PRDM-16) related gene expression levels. Oxidative stress induced HUVECs treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp potentially enhanced antioxidant capacity, cell growth, and microtubule development within 48 h H2O2 induced oxidative stressed HUVECs have shown 39.8% viable cells, but treatment with BSE-SLNp has shown 99% of viable cells within 48 h confirmed by Annexin-V assay. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased to 89.4% confirmed by JC-1 assay. The observed DNA integrity, cell viability was confirmed by increased antioxidant and tumor suppressor-related gene expression levels. VEGF expression has been significantly increased and pro-inflammation-related mRNA levels were decreased in BSE-SLNp treated cells. In conclusion, enhanced adipocyte fatty acid oxidation is directly associated with decreased adipocytokine secretion which arrests obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, suppressing vascular cell oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation supports vascular cell proliferation and arrests ageing-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al-Saran
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hussain Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Q, Yu J, Chen Q, Yan H, Du H, Luo W. Regulation of pathophysiological and tissue regenerative functions of MSCs mediated via the WNT signaling pathway (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:648. [PMID: 34278470 PMCID: PMC8299209 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues have remarkable natural capabilities to regenerate for the purpose of physiological turnover and repair of damage. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their unique self-renewal ability, pluripotency, homing potential, paracrine effects and immunomodulation. Advanced research of the unique properties of MSCs have opened up new horizons for tissue regenerative therapies. However, certain drawbacks of the application of MSCs, such as the low survival rate of transplanted MSCs, unsatisfactory efficiency and even failure to regenerate under an unbalanced microenvironment, are concerning with regards to their wider therapeutic applications. The activity of stem cells is mainly regulated by the anatomical niche; where they are placed during their clinical and therapeutic applications. Crosstalk between various niche signals maintains MSCs in homeostasis, in which the WNT signaling pathway plays vital roles. Several external or internal stimuli have been reported to interrupt the normal bioactivity of stem cells. The irreversible tissue loss that occurs during infection at the site of tissue grafting suggests an inhibitory effect mediated by microbial infections within MSC niches. In addition, MSC-seeded tissue engineering success is difficult in various tissues, when sites of injury are under the effects of a severe infection despite the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. In the present review, the current understanding of the way in which WNT signaling regulates MSC activity modification under physiological and pathological conditions was summarized. An effort was also made to illustrate parts of the underlying mechanism, including the inflammatory factors and their interactions with the regulatory WNT signaling pathway, aiming to promote the clinical translation of MSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, P.R. China
| | - Qiuqiu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Honghai Yan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiang Du
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of General Dentistry, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Sun H, Zhang W, Zhang L, Li H, Huang X, Yang J, Ye Z. SENP3-Mediated PPARγ2 DeSUMOylation in BM-MSCs Potentiates Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis by Promoting Adipogenesis and Weakening Osteogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693079. [PMID: 34249943 PMCID: PMC8266396 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the most common secondary osteoporosis and reduced bone formation was the main pathological change in GIOP. Our previous studies have shown that there was an imbalance between adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in GIOP BM-MSCs and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) played a vital role in this disorders. Here, we reported that there was an increase in ROS level and SENP3 expression in Dex-induced osteoporotic BM-MSCs, and enhanced adipogenesis and weakened osteogenesis in osteoporotic BM-MSCs might be caused by upregulated SENP3. Then we found that SENP3 de-SUMOylated PPARγ2 on K107 site to potentiate adipogenesis and weaken osteogenesis. These results may provide new strategy and target in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangxiang Sun
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Denu RA, Hematti P. Optimization of oxidative stress for mesenchymal stromal/stem cell engraftment, function and longevity. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:193-200. [PMID: 33677063 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that possess great potential as a cellular therapeutic based on their ability to differentiate to different lineages and to modulate immune responses. However, their potential is limited by their low tissue abundance, and thus the need for robust ex vivo expansion prior to their application. This creates its own issues, namely replicative senescence, which could lead to reduced MSC functionality and negatively impact their engraftment. Ex vivo expansion and MSC aging are associated with greater oxidative stress. Therefore, there is great need to identify strategies to reduce oxidative stress in MSCs. This review summarizes the achievements made to date in addressing oxidative stress in MSCs and speculates about interesting avenues of future investigation to solve this critical problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Denu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Dolp R, Eylert G, Auger C, Aijaz A, Chen YA, Amini-Nik S, Parousis A, Datu AK, Jeschke MG. Biological characteristics of stem cells derived from burned skin-a comparative study with umbilical cord stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:137. [PMID: 33597003 PMCID: PMC7888080 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burned human skin, which is routinely excised and discarded, contains viable mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (burn-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells; BD-MSCs). These cells show promising potential to enable and aid wound regeneration. However, little is known about their cell characteristics and biological function. OBJECTIVES This study had two aims: first, to assess critical and cellular characteristics of BD-MSCs and, second, to compare those results with multipotent well-characterized MSCs from Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cords (umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, UC-MSCs). METHODS BD- and UC-MSCs were compared using immunophenotyping, multi-lineage differentiation, seahorse analysis for glycolytic and mitochondrial function, immune surface markers, and cell secretion profile assays. RESULTS When compared to UC-MSCs, BD-MSCs demonstrated a lower mesenchymal differentiation capacity and altered inflammatory cytokine secretomes at baseline and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharides. No significant differences were found in population doubling time, colony formation, cell proliferation cell cycle, production of reactive oxygen species, glycolytic and mitochondrial function, and in the expression of major histocompatibility complex I and II and toll-like receptor (TLR). IMPORTANCE, TRANSLATION This study reveals valuable insights about MSCs obtained from burned skin and show comparable cellular characteristics with UC-MSCs, highlighting their potentials in cell therapy and skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Dolp
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gertraud Eylert
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Saeid Amini-Nik
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (LMP), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- SGS Harrison Research Laboratories, SGS North America, New York Metropolitan Area, Union, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Marc G Jeschke
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Immunology, Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Canada.
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Abu-Shahba N, Mahmoud M, Abdel-Rasheed M, Darwish Y, AbdelKhaliq A, Mohammed E, ElHefnawi M, Azmy O. Immunomodulatory and Antioxidative potentials of adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from breast versus abdominal tissue: a comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 9:18. [PMID: 33020894 PMCID: PMC7536259 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00056-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered ideal candidates for both research and cellular therapy due to ease of access, large yield, feasibility, and efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. Unlike the subcutaneous abdominal fat depot, breast ASCs features are still not well recognized, limiting their possible therapeutic use. ASCs were found to exert immunomodulatory and antioxidative activities for maintaining homeostasis and functionality of diseased/damaged tissues. This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory and antioxidative potentials of breast versus abdominal isolated ASCs to find out which anatomical site provides ASCs with better immunoregulatory and oxidative stress resistance capabilities. METHODS ASCs were isolated from abdominal and breast tissues. Gene expression analysis was conducted for a panel of immunomodulatory and antioxidative genes, as well as adipokines and proliferation genes. Flow cytometric analysis of a group of immunomodulatory surface proteins was also performed. Finally, the significantly expressed genes have undergone protein-protein interaction and functional enrichment in silico analyses. RESULTS Our results revealed similar morphological and phenotypic characteristics for both breast and abdominal ASCs. However, a significant elevation in the expression of two potent immunosuppressive genes, IL-10 and IDO as well as the expression of the multifaceted immunomodulatory adipokine, visfatin, was detected in breast versus abdominal ASCs. Moreover, a significant overexpression of the antioxidative genes, GPX1, SIRT5, and STAT3 and the proliferation marker, Ki67, was also observed in breast ASCs relative to abdominal ones. In silico analysis showed that both of the differentially upregulated immunomodulatory and antioxidative mediators integratively involved in multiple biological processes and pathways indicating their functional association. CONCLUSION Breast ASCs possess superior immunomodulatory and antioxidative capabilities over abdominal ASCs. Our findings shed light on the possible therapeutic applications of breast ASCs in immune-related and oxidative stress-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Abu-Shahba
- Stem Cell Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. .,Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mazen Abdel-Rasheed
- Stem Cell Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Reproductive Health Research, Medical Research Division. National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Darwish
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad AbdelKhaliq
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohammed
- Stem Cell Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud ElHefnawi
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemoinformatics Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Azmy
- Stem Cell Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Reproductive Health Research, Medical Research Division. National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Das M, Mayilsamy K, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: progress and prospects. Rev Neurosci 2020; 30:839-855. [PMID: 31203262 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of injury-related mortality and morbidity in the USA and around the world. The survivors may suffer from cognitive and memory deficits, vision and hearing loss, movement disorders, and different psychological problems. The primary insult causes neuronal damage and activates astrocytes and microglia which evokes immune responses causing further damage to the brain. Clinical trials of drugs to recover the neuronal loss are not very successful. Regenerative approaches for TBI using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem promising. Results of preclinical research have shown that transplantation of MSCs reduced secondary neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, promoted neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and improved functional outcome in the experimental animals. The functional improvement is not necessarily related to cell engraftment; rather, immunomodulation by molecular factors secreted by MSCs is responsible for the beneficial effects of this therapy. However, MSC therapy has a few drawbacks including tumor formation, which can be avoided by the use of MSC-derived exosomes. This review has focused on the research works published in the field of regenerative therapy using MSCs after TBI and its future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Das
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Karthick Mayilsamy
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Shyam S Mohapatra
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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13
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Richardson LS, Taylor RN, Menon R. Reversible EMT and MET mediate amnion remodeling during pregnancy and labor. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/618/eaay1486. [PMID: 32047115 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aay1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The amnion is remodeled during pregnancy to protect the growing fetus it contains, and it is particularly dynamic just before and during labor. By combining ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and Western blotting analyses, we found that human and mouse amnion membranes during labor were subject to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway responding to oxidative stress. Primary human amnion epithelial cell cultures established from amnion membranes from nonlaboring, cesarean section deliveries exhibited EMT after exposure to oxidative stress, and the pregnancy maintenance hormone progesterone (P4) reversed this process. Oxidative stress or transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulated EMT in a manner that depended on TGF-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 1 (TAB1) and p38 MAPK. P4 stimulated the reverse transition, MET, in primary human amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) through progesterone receptor membrane component 2 (PGRMC2) and c-MYC. Our results indicate that amnion membrane cells dynamically transition between epithelial and mesenchymal states to maintain amnion integrity and repair membrane damage, as well as in response to inflammation and mechanical damage to protect the fetus until parturition. An irreversible EMT and the accumulation of AMCs characterize the amnion membranes at parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
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14
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Burtenshaw D, Kitching M, Redmond EM, Megson IL, Cahill PA. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Intimal Thickening, and Subclinical Atherosclerotic Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:89. [PMID: 31428618 PMCID: PMC6688526 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriosclerosis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Central to this process is the development of subclinical non-atherosclerotic intimal lesions before the appearance of pathologic intimal thickening and advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Intimal thickening is associated with several risk factors, including oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines and lipid. The main ROS producing systems in-vivo are reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX). ROS effects are context specific. Exogenous ROS induces apoptosis and senescence, whereas intracellular ROS promotes stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration. Lineage tracing studies using murine models of subclinical atherosclerosis have revealed the contributory role of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), resident vascular stem cells, circulating bone-marrow progenitors and endothelial cells that undergo endothelial-mesenchymal-transition (EndMT). This review will address the putative physiological and patho-physiological roles of ROS in controlling vascular cell fate and ROS contribution to vascular regeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Burtenshaw
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Eileen M Redmond
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ian L Megson
- Centre for Health Science, UHI Institute of Health Research and Innovation, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Cahill
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Keratinocyte stem cells are more resistant to UVA radiation than their direct progeny. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203863. [PMID: 30208100 PMCID: PMC6135485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermis undergoes constant renewal during its lifetime. This is possible due to a special population of keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) located at the basal layer. These cells are surrounded by their direct progeny, keratinocyte progenitors or transient amplifying cells (TAs), which arise from cell division. Skin is exposed every day to sun radiation; in particular, UVA radiation penetrates through the epidermis and induces damage to KSCs and TAs. Although keratinocytes in the basal layer are the most likely skin carcinomas and/or photoaging cells of origin, surprisingly few studies have addressed the specific responses of these cells to UV radiation. In this study, we showed for the first time that keratinocyte stem cells were more resistant to UVA irradiation than their direct progeny, transient amplifying cells. Using both the MTT assay and clonogenic assay, we found that KSCs were more photo-resistant compared to TAs after exposure to different doses of UVA (from 0 to 50 J/cm2). Moreover, KSCs had a greater ability to reconstruct human epidermis (RHE) after UVA exposure compared with TAs. Finally, investigations of DNA repair using the comet assay showed that DNA single-strand breaks and thymine dimers were repaired quicker and more efficiently in KSCs compared with TAs. In a previous work, we showed that the same stem cell population was more resistant to ionizing radiation, another carcinogenic agent. Collectively, our results combined with other observations demonstrate that keratinocyte stem cells, which are responsible for epidermal renewal throughout life, are equipped with an efficient arsenal against several genotoxic agents. Our future work will try to identify the factors or signaling pathways that are responsible for this differential photo-sensitivity and DNA repair capacity between KSCs and TAs.
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16
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Campanati A, Orciani M, Sorgentoni G, Consales V, Mattioli Belmonte M, Di Primio R, Offidani A. Indirect co-cultures of healthy mesenchymal stem cells restore the physiological phenotypical profile of psoriatic mesenchymal stem cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 193:234-240. [PMID: 29676778 PMCID: PMC6046490 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis microenvironment, characterized by an imbalance between T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th17 and Th2 cytokines and also influences the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) phenotypical profile. MSCs from healthy donors (H-MSCs) can exert a strong paracrine effect by secreting active soluble factors, able to modulate the inflammation in the microenvironment. To evaluate the influence of H-MSCs on MSCs from psoriatic patients (PsO-MSCs), H-MSCs and PsO-MSCs were isolated and characterized. Indirect co-culture of H-MSCs with PsO-MSCs was performed; effects on proliferation and expression of cytokines linked to Th1/Th17 and Th2 pathways were assayed before and after co-culture. The results show that before co-culture, proliferation of PsO-MSCs was significantly higher than H-MSCs (P < 0·05) and the levels of secreted cytokines confirmed the imbalance of Th1/Th17 versus the Th2 axis. After co-culture of H-MSCs with PsO-MSCs, healthy MSCs seem to exert a 'positive' influence on PsO-MSCs, driving the inflammatory phenotypical profile of PsO-MSCs towards a physiological pattern. The proliferation rate decreased towards values nearer to those observed in H-MSCs and the secretion of the cytokines that mostly identified the inflammatory microenvironment that characterized psoriasis, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is significantly lower in co-cultured PsO-MSCs than in individually cultured PSO-MSCs (P at least < 0·05). In conclusion, our preliminary results seem to provide an intriguing molecular explanation for the ever-increasing evidence of therapeutic efficacy of allogeneic MSCs infusion in psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Campanati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Dermatological ClinicUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - M. Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, HistologyUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - G. Sorgentoni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, HistologyUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - V. Consales
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Dermatological ClinicUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - M. Mattioli Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, HistologyUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - R. Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, HistologyUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
| | - A. Offidani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Dermatological ClinicUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
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17
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Dhoke NR, Geesala R, Das A. Low Oxidative Stress-Mediated Proliferation Via JNK-FOXO3a-Catalase Signaling in Transplanted Adult Stem Cells Promotes Wound Tissue Regeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1047-1065. [PMID: 28826225 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Stem cells exposed to pathological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at wound sites fail to regenerate tissue. The molecular mechanism underlying differential levels of ROS-mediated regulation of stem cells remains elusive. This study elucidates the mechanistic role of catalase at 10 μM H2O2-induced proliferation of mouse bone marrow stromal (BMSC) and hematopoietic (HSPC) stem/progenitor cells. Results: BMSCs and HSPCs depicted an increased growth rate and colony formation, in the presence of 10 μM but not 100 μM concentration of H2O2, an effect that was perturbed by Vit. C. Mechanistically, JNK activation-FOXO3a nuclear translocation and binding of FOXO3a to catalase promoter at 10 μM H2O2 led to an increased expression and activity of anti-oxidant gene, catalase. This was followed by an increased proliferative phenotype via the AKT-dependent pathway that was perturbed in the presence of catalase-inhibitor, 3-aminotriazole due to an increased ROS-mediated inactivation of AKT. Preclinically, 10 μM H2O2-mediated preconditioning of BMSCs/HSPCs transplantation accelerated wound closure, enhanced catalase expression, and decreased ROS levels at the wound site. Transplantation of male donor cells into female recipient mice or GFP-labeled BMSCs or HSPCs depicted an increased engraftment and proliferation in preconditioned cell transplanted groups as compared with the wound control. Wound healing occurred via keratinocyte generation and vascularization in preconditioned BMSCs, whereas only neo-vascularization occurred in the preconditioned HSPCs transplanted groups. Innovation and Conclusion: Our study suggests a distinct role of catalase that protects BMSCs and HSPCs from low ROS and promotes proliferation. Transplantation of preconditioned stem cells enhanced wound tissue regeneration with a better antioxidant defense mechanism-as a therapeutic approach in stem cell transplantation-mediated tissue regeneration. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1047-1065.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha R Dhoke
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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18
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3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Enhances the Level of Reduced Glutathione via the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway in Human Keratinocytes. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090291. [PMID: 28926995 PMCID: PMC5618430 DOI: 10.3390/md15090291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A natural bromophenol found in seaweeds, 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB), has been shown to possess antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which BDB protects skin cells subjected to oxidative stress. The effect of BDB on the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione-related enzymes and the cell survival of human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) was investigated. BDB treatment increased the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione synthesizing enzymes and enhanced the production of reduced glutathione in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, BDB activated NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted its localization into the nucleus by phosphorylating its up-stream signaling proteins, extracellular signal–regulated kinase and protein kinase B. Thus, BDB increased the production of reduced glutathione and established cellular protection against oxidative stress via an Nrf2-mediated pathway.
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19
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Xian D, Gao X, Xiong X, Xu J, Yang L, Pan L, Zhong J. Photoprotection against UV-induced damage by skin-derived precursors in hairless mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 175:73-82. [PMID: 28865317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin photodamage is associated with UV-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the inactivation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs), a population of dermal stem cells, are considered to be involved in wound repair and skin regeneration through the activation of Nrf2. However, no reports concentrate on the treatment of skin photodamage with SKPs. OBJECTIVE To investigate the photoprotective role of SKPs against UV-induced damage in mice. METHODS Fifty Balb/c hairless mice were divided into five groups (n=10), namely, normal (no intervention), model, prevention, treatment, and control groups. The latter four groups were dorsally exposed to UVA+UVB irradiation over a 2-week period. Mice in the prevention group received weekly SKP injections for 2weeks the day before irradiation. Mice in the treatment and Hanks groups received a two-time injection of SKPs and Hanks, respectively, after irradiation. One week after final intervention, skin appearance, pathological alterations, and oxidative indicators were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical analysis, and western blotting. RESULTS After irradiation, lesions were observed on the dorsal skin of mice, including erythema, edema, scales, and wrinkles; however, these were significantly ameliorated by subcutaneous SKP injection. Hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and spongiosis in the epidermis, as well as dermal papillae edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, were observed in both model and control groups; however, these conditions resolved with either pretreatment or posttreatment with SKPs. In addition, SKPs increased Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and gluthathione expression, while decreasing levels of ROS, MDA, and H2O2. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SKPs have a photoprotective role against UV-induced damage in mice, which may be associated with their ability to scavenge photo-oxidative insults and activate Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehai Xian
- Department of Neurobiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lingyu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jianqiao Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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20
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Deldar Y, Zarghami F, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Dadashpour M, Zarghami N. Antioxidant effects of chrysin-loaded electrospun nanofibrous mats on proliferation and stemness preservation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2017; 18:475-487. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-017-9654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Dadashpour M, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Mohammadi SA, Zarghami N, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Alizadeh E, Jafar Maleki M, Firouzi-Amandi A, Nouri M. Watercress-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds enhance proliferation and stemness preservation of human adipose-derived stem cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:819-830. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1345925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jafar Maleki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akram Firouzi-Amandi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Orciani M, Campanati A, Caffarini M, Ganzetti G, Consales V, Lucarini G, Offidani A, Di Primio R. T helper (Th)1, Th17 and Th2 imbalance in mesenchymal stem cells of adult patients with atopic dermatitis: at the origin of the problem. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1569-1576. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Orciani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences - Histology; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - A. Campanati
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - M. Caffarini
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences - Histology; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - G. Ganzetti
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - V. Consales
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - G. Lucarini
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences - Histology; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - A. Offidani
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - R. Di Primio
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences - Histology; Marche Polytechnic University; Via Tronto 10/A 60126 Ancona Italy
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23
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Orciani M, Sorgentoni G, Olivieri F, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Di Benedetto G, Di Primio R. Inflammation by Breast Implants and Adenocarcinoma: Not Always a Bad Company. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 17:286-292. [PMID: 28188107 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and tumor are now an inseparable binomial. Inflammation may also derive by the use of breast implants followed by the formation of a periprosthetic capsule. It is known that tumor cells, in an inflamed microenvironment, can profit by the paracrine effect exerted also by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here we evaluated the role of inflammation on the immunobiology of MSCs before and after cocultures with cells derived from breast adenocarcinoma. METHODS MSCs derived from both inflamed (I-MSCs) and control (C-MSCs) tissues were isolated and cocultured with MCF7 cells derived from breast adenocarcinoma. Before and after cocultures, the proliferation rate of MCF7 cells and the expression/secretion of cytokines related to inflammation were tested. RESULTS Before cocultures, higher levels of cytokine related to chronic inflammation were detected in I-MSCs than in C-MSCs. After cocultures with MCF7, C- and I-MSCs show a variation in cytokine production. In detail, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β and G-CSF were decreased, whereas IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ, and IL-17 were oversecreted. Proliferation of MCF7 was significantly increased after cocultures with I-MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation at the site of origin of MSCs affects their immunobiology. Even if tumor cells increased their proliferation rate after cocultures with I-MSCs, the analysis of the cytokines, known to play a role in the interference of tumor cells with the host immune system, absolves completely the breast implants from the insult to enforce the risk of adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Sorgentoni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Pathology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Benedetto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Campanati A, Orciani M, Ganzetti G, Consales V, Di Primio R, Offidani A. The effect of etanercept on vascular endothelial growth factor production by cutaneous mesenchymal stem cells from patients with psoriasis. J Int Med Res 2016; 44:6-9. [PMID: 27683131 PMCID: PMC5536541 DOI: 10.1177/0300060515593229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate prospectively the effect of etanercept (a tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-α inhibitor) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from patients with psoriasis. METHODS MSCs from lesional and perilesional skin were isolated, cultured and characterized. VEGF production was evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks' etanercept treatment. RESULTS Etanercept treatment resulted in significant reductions in VEGF production compared with baseline in both lesional MSCs (256.42 ± 3.07 pg/ml per 106 cells at baseline vs 27.66 ± 2.03 pg/ml per 106 cells after treatment) and perilesional MSCs (235.03 ± 2.52 pg/ml per 106 cells vs 41.65 ± 4.72 pg/ml per 106 cells). CONCLUSIONS Etanercept reduces the production of VEGF in MSCs, which may modulate angiogenesis and contributes towards preventing the start of the "psoriatic march".
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Campanati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Dermatological Clinic, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Histology, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Ganzetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Dermatological Clinic, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Veronica Consales
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Dermatological Clinic, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Histology, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences - Histology, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
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25
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Rueppell O, Aumer D, Moritz RF. Ties between ageing plasticity and reproductive physiology in honey bees (Apis mellifera) reveal a positive relation between fecundity and longevity as consequence of advanced social evolution. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 16:64-68. [PMID: 27720052 PMCID: PMC5094365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are the best studied model of ageing among the social insects. As in other social insects, the reproductive queen far outlives her non-reproductive workers despite developing from the same genome in the same colony environment. Thus, the different social roles of the two female castes are critical for the profound phenotypic plasticity. In several special cases, such as the reproductive workers of Apis mellifera capensis, within-caste plasticity enables further studies of the fecundity-longevity syndrome in honey bees. At present, molecular evidence suggests that a reorganization of physiological control pathways may facilitate longevity of reproductive individuals. However, the social role and social environment of the different colony members are also very important and one of the key future questions is how much social facilitation versus internal regulation is responsible for the positive association between fecundity and longevity in honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav Rueppell
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Biology, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Denise Aumer
- Institut für Biologie, Martin Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Robin Fa Moritz
- Institut für Biologie, Martin Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
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Effects of Oxidative Stress on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2989076. [PMID: 27413419 PMCID: PMC4928004 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2989076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells present in most fetal and adult tissues. Ex vivo culture-expanded MSCs are being investigated for tissue repair and immune modulation, but their full clinical potential is far from realization. Here we review the role of oxidative stress in MSC biology, as their longevity and functions are affected by oxidative stress. In general, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibit MSC proliferation, increase senescence, enhance adipogenic but reduce osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit MSC immunomodulation. Furthermore, aging, senescence, and oxidative stress reduce their ex vivo expansion, which is critical for their clinical applications. Modulation of sirtuin expression and activity may represent a method to reduce oxidative stress in MSCs. These findings have important implications in the clinical utility of MSCs for degenerative and immunological based conditions. Further study of oxidative stress in MSCs is imperative in order to enhance MSC ex vivo expansion and in vivo engraftment, function, and longevity.
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27
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Dicarlo M, Bianchi N, Ferretti C, Orciani M, Di Primio R, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Evidence Supporting a Paracrine Effect of IGF-1/VEGF on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Commitment. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 201:333-41. [PMID: 27179123 DOI: 10.1159/000445346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing of skeletal defects is strictly dependent on osteogenesis and efficient vascularization of engineered scaffolds. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are both involved in these processes. The in vitro administration of IGF-1 in association with VEGF is able to modulate the osteoblastic or endothelial commitment of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different origins (e.g. periosteum and skin). In the present study, in order to deepen a possible paracrine effect of IGF-1 and VEGF on periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) and skin-derived MSCs (S-MSCs), a Transwell coculture approach was used. We explored the genes involved in endothelial and osteoblastic differentiation, those modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathways as well as genes implicated in stemness (i.e. Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog). Periosteal cells, which are typically committed toward osteoblastogenesis, are driven in the direction of endothelial gene expression when influenced by S-MSCs. The latter, once influenced by PDPCs, lose their endothelial commitment and increase the expression of osteoblast-associated genes. PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways seem to be markedly involved in this behavior. Our results evidence that paracrine signals between MSCs may differently modulate their commitment in a bone microenvironment, opening stimulating viewpoints for skeletal tissue engineering strategies coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Dicarlo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Universitx00E0; Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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28
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Comparison of the Biological Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Skin. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3658798. [PMID: 27239202 PMCID: PMC4863123 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3658798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit high proliferation and self-renewal capabilities and are critical for tissue repair and regeneration during ontogenesis. They also play a role in immunomodulation. MSCs can be isolated from a variety of tissues and have many potential applications in the clinical setting. However, MSCs of different origins may possess different biological characteristics. In this study, we performed a comprehensive comparison of MSCs isolated from bone marrow and skin (BMMSCs and SMSCs, resp.), including analysis of the skin sampling area, separation method, culture conditions, primary and passage culture times, cell surface markers, multipotency, cytokine secretion, gene expression, and fibroblast-like features. The results showed that the MSCs from both sources had similar cell morphologies, surface markers, and differentiation capacities. However, the two cell types exhibited major differences in growth characteristics; the primary culture time of BMMSCs was significantly shorter than that of SMSCs, whereas the growth rate of BMMSCs was lower than that of SMSCs after passaging. Moreover, differences in gene expression and cytokine secretion profiles were observed. For example, secretion of proliferative cytokines was significantly higher for SMSCs than for BMMSCs. Our findings provide insights into the different biological functions of both cell types.
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29
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Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Skin Aging: The Role of DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Epidermal Stem Cell Damage Mediated Skin Aging. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7370642. [PMID: 27148370 PMCID: PMC4842382 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7370642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest human organ. Skin continually reconstructs itself to ensure its viability, integrity, and ability to provide protection for the body. Some areas of skin are continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stressors that can inflict direct and indirect damage to skin cell DNA. Skin homeostasis is maintained by mesenchymal stem cells in inner layer dermis and epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in the outer layer epidermis. Reduction of skin stem cell number and function has been linked to impaired skin homeostasis (e.g., skin premature aging and skin cancers). Skin stem cells, with self-renewal capability and multipotency, are frequently affected by environment. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR), a major cause of stem cell DNA damage, can contribute to depletion of stem cells (ESCs and mesenchymal stem cells) and damage of stem cell niche, eventually leading to photoinduced skin aging. In this review, we discuss the role of UV-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in the skin stem cell aging in order to gain insights into the pathogenesis and develop a way to reduce photoaging of skin cells.
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MSCs and inflammation: new insights into the potential association between ALCL and breast implants. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 156:65-72. [PMID: 26956974 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3745-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Possible association between anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and breast implants has been suggested. In this context, formation of the periprosthetic capsule has been reported as a cause of inflammation, which plays a key role in tumor onset. Tumors take advantage of inflammation to influence and interfere with the host immune response by secreting multiple factors, and their onset and survival is in turn affected by the paracrine effects from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we tried to clarify how inflammation can modify the immunobiology and the exerted paracrine effect of MSCs. MSCs derived from both inflamed (I-MSCs) and control (C-MSCs) tissues were isolated and co-cultured with an ALCL cell line. Proliferation rate and the expression of selected cytokines were tested. I-MSCs secrete higher levels of cytokine related to chronic inflammation than C-MSCs. After co-cultures with KI-JK cells, C- and I-MSCs show the same variation in the cytokine expression, with an increase of IL2, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, TNF-α, TGF-β, and G-CSF. Proliferation of ALCL cells was not influenced by co-cultures. Our results state that (i) inflamed microenvironment affects the immunobiology of MSCs modifying the profile of the expressed cytokines, and (ii) the paracrine effects exerted by MSCs on ALCL cells are not influenced by inflammation. Moreover, it seems that ALCL cells are able to manipulate MSCs' immunoregulatory properties to evade the host immune control. Nevertheless, this ability is not associated with inflammation and the question about BIA-ALCL is not proved by our experiments.
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Lazzarini R, Sorgentoni G, Caffarini M, Sayeed MA, Olivieri F, Di Primio R, Orciani M. New miRNAs network in human mesenchymal stem cells derived from skin and amniotic fluid. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 29:523-8. [PMID: 26684628 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015610228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), isolated from different adult sources, have great appeal for therapeutic applications due to their simple isolation, extensive expansion potential, and high differentiative potential.In our previous studies we isolated MSCs form amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) and skin (S-MSCs) and characterized them according to their phenotype, pluripotency, and mRNA/microRNAs (miRNAs) profiling using Card A from Life Technologies.Here, we enlarge the profiling of AF-MCSs and S-MSCs to the more recently discovered miRNAs (Card B by Life Technologies) to identify the miRNAs putative target genes and the relative signaling pathways. Card B, in fact, contains miRNAs whose role and target are not yet elucidated.The expression of the analyzed miRNAs is changing between S-MSCs and AF-MSCs, indicating that these two types of MSCs show differences potentially related to their source. Interestingly, the pathways targeted by the miRNAS deriving from Card B are the same found during the analysis of miRNAs from Card A.This result confirms the key role played by WNT and TGF-β pathways in stem cell fate, underlining as other miRNAs partially ignored up to now deserve to be reconsidered. In addition, this analysis allows including Adherens junction pathways among the mechanisms finely regulated in stem cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lazzarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Sorgentoni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Caffarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M A Sayeed
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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De Giglio E, Bonifacio MA, Cometa S, Vona D, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Dicarlo M, Ceci E, Fino V, Cicco SR, Farinola GM. Exploiting a new glycerol-based copolymer as a route to wound healing: Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibility assessment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:600-11. [PMID: 26461426 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of biocompatible materials based on naturally derived monomers plays a key role in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this paper we describe the synthesis of a new low molecular weight copolymer, based on glycerol and l-tartaric acid, useful to develop biocompatible dermal patches with drug delivery properties. The copolymer's chemical composition was assessed by FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), (1)H NMR ((1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), while its molecular weight distribution was estimated by SEC (size exclusion chromatography). Copolymer thermal properties were studied by TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). Biological evaluations by MTT assay and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) observations performed with murine fibroblasts and human keratinocytes (HaCaT) revealed a good compatibility of the proposed copolymer. Ciprofloxacin was selected as model drug and its release was evaluated by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), showing that the new copolymer supplied promising results as drug delivery system for wound healing applications. Furthermore, investigations on Skin-Mesenchymal stem cells (S-MSCs) behaviour and gene expression showed that the copolymer and its combination with ciprofloxacin did not affect their stemness. In this regard, the fabrication of dermal patches with new, low cost materials for local treatment of skin infections represents an attractive strategy in order to bypass the worrying side effects of systemic antibiotic therapy. Overall, the performed physico-chemical characterization, drug release test and biological evaluations showed that this new copolymer could be a promising tool for the in situ delivery of bioactive molecules during skin lesions treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - M A Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S Cometa
- Jaber Innovation srl, via Calcutta 8, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - D Vona
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - M Dicarlo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - E Ceci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Str. Prov. per Casamassima Km 3, ValenzanoBari, Italy
| | - V Fino
- Synchimia srl, Spin-off of University of Bari Aldo-Moro, Via Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S R Cicco
- CNR-ICCOM Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G M Farinola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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33
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Isolation and characterization of progenitor mesenchymal cells in human pituitary tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 22:9-16. [PMID: 25525036 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) theory suggests that genetic alterations in stem cells are the direct cause for cancer. The evidence for a CSC population that results in pituitary tumors is poor. Some studies report the isolation of CSCs, but a deep characterization of the stemness of these cells is lacking. Here, we report the isolation and detailed characterization of progenitor mesenchymal cells (PMCs) from both growth hormone-secreting (GH(+)) and non-secreting (NS) pituitary adenomas, determining the immunophenotype, the expression of genes related to stemness or to pituitary hormone cell types, and the differentiative potential towards osteo-, chondro- and adipogenic lineages. Finally, the expression of CD133, known as a marker for CSCs in other tumors, was analyzed. Isolated cells, both from GH(+) and NS tumors, satisfy all the criteria for the identification of PMCs and express known stem cell markers (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, NANOG), but do not express markers of pituitary hormone cell types (PITX2, PROP1, PIT1). Finally, PMCs express CD133. We demonstrated that pituitary tumors contain a stem cell population that can generate cell types characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells, and express CD133, which is associated with CSCs in other tumors.
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Ferretti C, Vozzi G, Falconi M, Orciani M, Gesi M, Di Primio R, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Role of IGF1 and IGF1/VEGF on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone Healing: Two Sources and Two Fates. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2473-82. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Ferretti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Faculty of Engineering, Research Centre “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Gesi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Characterization and profiling of immunomodulatory genes in resident mesenchymal stem cells reflect the Th1-Th17/Th2 imbalance of psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res 2014; 306:915-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-014-1493-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Alekseenko LL, Zemelko VI, Domnina AP, Lyublinskaya OG, Zenin VV, Pugovkina NA, Kozhukharova IV, Borodkina AV, Grinchuk TM, Fridlyanskaya II, Nikolsky NN. Sublethal heat shock induces premature senescence rather than apoptosis in human mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:355-66. [PMID: 24078383 PMCID: PMC3982025 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells in adult organism are responsible for cell turnover and tissue regeneration. The study of stem cell stress response contributes to our knowledge on the mechanisms of damaged tissue repair. Previously, we demonstrated that sublethal heat shock (HS) induced apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells. This study aimed to investigate HS response of human adult stem cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultivated in vitro were challenged with sublethal HS. It was found that sublethal HS did not affect the cell viability assessed by annexin V/propidium staining. However, MSCs subjected to severe HS exhibited features of stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS): irreversible cell cycle arrest, altered morphology, increased expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, and induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein. High level of Hsp70 accumulation induced by sublethal HS did not return to the basal level, at least, after 72 h of the cell recovery when most cells exhibited SIPS hallmarks. MSCs survived sublethal HS, and resumed proliferation sustained the properties of parental MSCs: diploid karyotype, replicative senescence, expression of the cell surface markers, and capacity for multilineage differentiation. Our results showed for the first time that in human MSCs, sublethal HS induced premature senescence rather than apoptosis or necrosis. MSC progeny that survived sublethal HS manifested stem cell properties of the parental cells: limited replicative life span and multilineage capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alisa P. Domnina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Valery V. Zenin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Maciel E, Neves BM, Santinha D, Reis A, Domingues P, Teresa Cruz M, Pitt AR, Spickett CM, Domingues MRM. Detection of phosphatidylserine with a modified polar head group in human keratinocytes exposed to the radical generator AAPH. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 548:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Expression of neural markers by undifferentiated mesenchymal-like stem cells from different sources. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:987678. [PMID: 24741639 PMCID: PMC3987801 DOI: 10.1155/2014/987678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous expression of neural markers, already demonstrated in bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has been considered as evidence of the MSCs' predisposition to differentiate toward neural lineages, supporting their use in stem cell-based therapy for neural repair. In this study we have evaluated, by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry experiments, the expression of neural markers in undifferentiated MSCs from different sources: human adipose stem cells (hASCs), human skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hS-MSCs), human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs,) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Our results demonstrate that the neuronal markers βIII-tubulin and NeuN, unlike other evaluated markers, are spontaneously expressed by a very high percentage of undifferentiated hASCs, hS-MSCs, hPDLSCs, and hDPSCs. Conversely, the neural progenitor marker nestin is expressed only by a high percentage of undifferentiated hPDLSCs and hDPSCs. Our results suggest that the expression of βIII-tubulin and NeuN could be a common feature of stem cells and not exclusive to neuronal cells. This could result in a reassessment of the use of βIII-tubulin and NeuN as the only evidence proving neuronal differentiation. Further studies will be necessary to elucidate the relevance of the spontaneous expression of these markers in stem cells.
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The response of breast cancer cells to mesenchymal stem cells: a possible role of inflammation by breast implants. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 132:899e-910e. [PMID: 24281636 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000434401.98939.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast implants are widely used and at times might cause inflammation as a foreign body, followed by fibrous capsule formation around the implant. In cancer, the inflamed stroma is essential for preservation of the tumor. Mesenchymal stem cells can be recruited to sites of inflammation, and their role in cancer development is debated. The authors assessed the effects of inflammation caused by breast implants' effects on tumor. METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the fibrous capsules of women who underwent a second operation after 1 year (presenting inflammation) or after 20 years (not presenting inflammation) since initial surgery. After characterization, cells were co-cultured with MCF7, a breast cancer cell line. The expression of genes involved in oncogenesis, proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was investigated, followed by Western blot analyses. RESULTS After co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells from the inflamed capsule, MCF7 induced a dose- and time-dependent increase in proliferation. Polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed a dysregulation of genes involved in oncogenesis, proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. The subsequent evaluation by Western blot did not confirm these results, showing only a modest decrease in the expression of E-cadherin after co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells (both derived from inflamed or control capsules). CONCLUSION These data indicate that inflammation caused by breast implants partially affects proliferation of MCF7 but does not influence key mechanisms of tumor development.
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mRNAs and miRNAs profiling of mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic fluid and skin: the double face of the coin. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:121-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Orciani M, Di Primio R. Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells: isolation, culture, and characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 989:275-83. [PMID: 23483402 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-330-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The increasing interest about stem cell research is linked to the promise of developing such treatments for many life-threatening, debilitating diseases and for cell replacement therapies. Among the various human tissues, skin represents a source characterized by great accessibility and availability with noninvasive procedures and without risks of oncogenesis after their transplantation. In this aim, the identification of suitable protocols for the isolation, characterization, and long-term storage has a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Orciani
- Dipartamento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Campanati A, Orciani M, Gorbi S, Regoli F, Di Primio R, Offidani A. Effect of biologic therapies targeting tumour necrosis factor-α on cutaneous mesenchymal stem cells in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:68-76. [PMID: 22356229 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10900.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a Th1 immune-mediated, inflammatory disease, in which skin lesions appear many years before the related metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities, according to the theory of the 'psoriatic march'. Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are directly implicated in determining both skin lesions and systemic involvement in psoriasis. Reactive oxygen species actively promote the secretion of inflammatory Th1 cytokines directly involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of VEGF expression and production, nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS expression, and the antioxidant response of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), both before and after 12 weeks of treatment with the TNF-α inhibitors adalimumab or etanercept. METHODS Biochemical, morphological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed in MSCs isolated from nonlesional, perilesional and lesional skin of patients with psoriasis, before and after treatment. RESULTS The treatments were able to reduce the expression and production of VEGF, the expression of iNOS and the production of NO in MSCs of patients with psoriasis. TNF-α inhibitors also reduced the oxidative damage in MSC membrane and proteins, several antioxidant systems responded to treatments with a general inhibition of activities (glutathione S-transferase and catalase) and these effects were also supported by a general decrease of total oxyradical scavenging capacity towards hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α inhibitors are able to change the physiopathological pathway of psoriasis, and our results suggest their therapeutic effects already take place at the level of MSCs, which probably represent the cells primarily involved in the 'psoriatic march'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Campanati
- Dermatological Clinic, Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Ko E, Lee KY, Hwang DS. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells undergo cellular senescence in response to oxidative stress. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:1877-86. [PMID: 22066510 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are therapeutically attractive for tissue regeneration and repair, we examined the physiological responses of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) to genotoxic stress. We found that that sublethal doses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ionizing radiation cause DNA damage and reduce DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in hUCB-MSCs, resulting in cellular senescence. In contrast, these physiological changes were limited in human fibroblast and cancer cells. Our data show that reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes, which may occur due to low gene expression levels, cause hUCB-MSCs to undergo cellular senescence in response to oxidative stress and ionizing radiation. Resistance of hUCB-MSCs to oxidative stresses was restored by increasing the intracellular antioxidant activity in hUCB-MSCs via exogenous addition of antioxidants. Therefore, the proliferation and fate of hUCB-MSCs can be controlled by exposure to oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Olsson MG, Allhorn M, Larsson J, Cederlund M, Lundqvist K, Schmidtchen A, Sørensen OE, Mörgelin M, Akerström B. Up-regulation of A1M/α1-microglobulin in skin by heme and reactive oxygen species gives protection from oxidative damage. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27505. [PMID: 22096585 PMCID: PMC3214066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During bleeding the skin is subjected to oxidative insults from free heme and radicals, generated from extracellular hemoglobin. The lipocalin α1-microglobulin (A1M) was recently shown to have reductase properties, reducing heme-proteins and other substrates, and to scavenge heme and radicals. We investigated the expression and localization of A1M in skin and the possible role of A1M in the protection of skin tissue from damage induced by heme and reactive oxygen species. Skin explants, keratinocyte cultures and purified collagen I were exposed to heme, reactive oxygen species, and/or A1M and investigated by biochemical methods and electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that A1M is localized ubiquitously in the dermal and epidermal layers, and that the A1M-gene is expressed in keratinocytes and up-regulated after exposure to heme and reactive oxygen species. A1M inhibited the heme- and reactive oxygen species-induced ultrastructural damage, up-regulation of antioxidation and cell cycle regulatory genes, and protein carbonyl formation in skin and keratinocytes. Finally, A1M bound to purified collagen I (Kd = 0.96×10−6 M) and could inhibit and repair the destruction of collagen fibrils by heme and reactive oxygen species. The results suggest that A1M may have a physiological role in protection of skin cells and matrix against oxidative damage following bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus G Olsson
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Orciani M, Campanati A, Salvolini E, Lucarini G, Di Benedetto G, Offidani A, Di Primio R. The mesenchymal stem cell profile in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2011; 165:585-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ruetze M, Dunckelmann K, Schade A, Reuschlein K, Mielke H, Weise JM, Gallinat S, Wenck H, Knott A. Damage at the root of cell renewal--UV sensitivity of human epidermal stem cells. J Dermatol Sci 2011; 64:16-22. [PMID: 21862292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermis harbors adult stem cells that reside in the basal layer and ensure the continuous maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Various studies imply that stem cells generally possess specific defense mechanisms against several forms of exogenous stress factors. As sun exposition is the most prevalent impact on human skin, this feature would be of particular importance in terms of sensitivity to UV-induced DNA damage. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether human epidermal stem cells are susceptible to UV-induced DNA damage and subsequent functional impairment. METHODS A method to isolate human epidermal stem cells from suction blister epidermis was established and validated. Volunteers were treated with solar-simulated irradiation on test areas of the forearm and stem cells were isolated from suction blister material of this region. DNA damage was analyzed by staining for cyclobutane thymidine dimers. The functional consequences of UV-induced damages were assessed by colony forming efficiency assays and gene expression analyses. RESULTS Compared to an unirradiated control, stem cells isolated from areas that were exposed to solar-simulated radiation showed significantly more DNA lesions. Although the number of stem cells was not reduced by this treatment, a functional impairment of stem cells could be shown by reduced colony forming efficiency and altered gene expression of stem cell markers. CONCLUSIONS Despite their essential role in skin maintenance, epidermal stem cells are sensitive to physiological doses of UV irradiation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ruetze
- Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Unnastr. 48, 20253 Hamburg, Germany
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