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Jagaraj CJ, Shadfar S, Kashani SA, Saravanabavan S, Farzana F, Atkin JD. Molecular hallmarks of ageing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:111. [PMID: 38430277 PMCID: PMC10908642 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, severely debilitating and rapidly progressing disorder affecting motor neurons in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord. Unfortunately, there are few effective treatments, thus there remains a critical need to find novel interventions that can mitigate against its effects. Whilst the aetiology of ALS remains unclear, ageing is the major risk factor. Ageing is a slowly progressive process marked by functional decline of an organism over its lifespan. However, it remains unclear how ageing promotes the risk of ALS. At the molecular and cellular level there are specific hallmarks characteristic of normal ageing. These hallmarks are highly inter-related and overlap significantly with each other. Moreover, whilst ageing is a normal process, there are striking similarities at the molecular level between these factors and neurodegeneration in ALS. Nine ageing hallmarks were originally proposed: genomic instability, loss of telomeres, senescence, epigenetic modifications, dysregulated nutrient sensing, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered inter-cellular communication. However, these were recently (2023) expanded to include dysregulation of autophagy, inflammation and dysbiosis. Hence, given the latest updates to these hallmarks, and their close association to disease processes in ALS, a new examination of their relationship to pathophysiology is warranted. In this review, we describe possible mechanisms by which normal ageing impacts on neurodegenerative mechanisms implicated in ALS, and new therapeutic interventions that may arise from this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Jones Jagaraj
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sina Shadfar
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sara Assar Kashani
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sayanthooran Saravanabavan
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fabiha Farzana
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Julie D Atkin
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Zhang X, Zhai Y, Zhang D, Che C, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhang X, Zhao L. RNAseq analysis of the drug jian-yan-ling (JYL) using both in vivo and in vitro models. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16143. [PMID: 37251843 PMCID: PMC10213199 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Jian-yan-ling (JYL) is a drug used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for the treatment of tumors after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, to effectively alleviate leukocytopenia. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the function of JYL remain unclear. Aim of the study This study aimed to explore the RNA changes and potential biological processes related to the anti-aging or life-extending effects of JYL treatments. Materials and methods In vivo treatments were performed using Canton-S Drosophila corresponding to three groups: control, low-concentration (low-conc.), and high-concentration (high-conc.) groups. The low-conc. And the high-conc. Groups were treated with 4 mg/mL JYL and 8 mg/mL JYL, respectively. Thirty Drosophila eggs were placed in each vial, and the third instar larvae and adults 7 and 21 days post-eclosion were collected for RNA sequencing, irrespective of the gender.In vitro treatments were conducted using humanized immune cell lines HL60 and Jurkat, which were divided into 3 groups: control (0 μg/mL JYL), low-concentration (40 μg/mL JYL), and high-concentration (80 μg/mL JYL). The cells were collected after 48 h of each JYL drug treatment. Both the Drosophila and cell samples were analyzed using RNA sequencing. Results The in vivo experiments revealed 74 upregulated genes in the low-concentration group, and CG13078 was a commonly downregulated differential gene, which is involved in ascorbate iron reductase activity. Further analysis of the co-expression map identified the key genes: regulatory particle non-ATPase (RPN), regulatory particle triple-A ATPase (RPT), and tripeptidyl-peptidase II (TPP II). For the in vitro experiments, 19 co-differential genes were compared between different concentrations of the HL 60 cell line, of which three genes were upregulated: LOC107987457 (phostensin-like gene), HSPA1A (heat shock protein family A member 1 A), and H2AC19 (H2A clustered histone 19). In the HL 60 cell line, JYL activated proteasome-related functions. In the Jurkat cell line, there were no common differential genes despite the presence of a dosage-dependent trend. Conclusions The RNA-seq results showed that the traditional Chinese medicine JYL has longevity and anti-aging effects, indicating that further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yunliang Zhai
- Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Chang Che
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Yayun Zhang
- Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Quan Li
- Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Lingrui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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He L, Jin X, Liu H. Complement Heat Tolerance as a Marker of Protein Fragility and Its Clinical Significance. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:68-74. [PMID: 36680748 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish a complement tolerance test (CTT) as a marker of protein fragility and discuss its clinical significance. Total complement activity (TCA) of serum was measured using a self-hemolysis colorimetric method. Human O-erythrocytes and rabbit anti-human O-erythrocyte antibodies were used to replace sheep erythrocytes and the corresponding hemolysin for the hemolysis test, respectively. The antigen-antibody specific binding activated the classical pathway of complement, generating a membrane attack complex, and the red blood cells rupture. A CTT was established to measure complement heat tolerance according to the sensitivity of complement proteins to temperature, which was calculated according to differences in TCA at different temperatures. The smaller the CTT the stronger the complement resistance to heat. The method was applied to the detection of diabetic patients and healthy controls. The mean value of CTT (mean) = 0.063 ± 0.003 with a coefficient of variation of 4.8% for the same specimen tested for complementary thermal resistance on 5 consecutive days, which is a good stability of the assay. Application of CTT on samples from patients with different ages revealed significantly higher mean CTT values for elderly patients (≥60-years old) relative to those for younger patients (20-40-years old) (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean CTT values for diabetic patients were significantly higher than those for healthy patients (p < 0.001). We successfully established a method that uses complement thermal resistance as a marker of protein fragility, with the results demonstrating the ability of the CTT identify age- and disease-related variations in patient samples and its potential efficacy for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan He
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaojun Jin
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G. Hallmarks of aging: An expanding universe. Cell 2023; 186:243-278. [PMID: 36599349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 860] [Impact Index Per Article: 860.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging is driven by hallmarks fulfilling the following three premises: (1) their age-associated manifestation, (2) the acceleration of aging by experimentally accentuating them, and (3) the opportunity to decelerate, stop, or reverse aging by therapeutic interventions on them. We propose the following twelve hallmarks of aging: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, disabled macroautophagy, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. These hallmarks are interconnected among each other, as well as to the recently proposed hallmarks of health, which include organizational features of spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis, and adequate responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria A Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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Yang Y, Lu M, Xu Y, Qian J, Le G, Xie Y. Dietary Methionine via Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production Capacity Contributed to a Potential Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15225-15243. [PMID: 36413479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-methionine diets induce impaired learning and memory function, dementia-like neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's disease, while low-methionine diets improve learning and memory function. We speculated that variations in intestinal microbiota may mediate these diametrically opposed effects; thus, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. The ICR mice were fed either a low-methionine diet (LM, 0.17% methionine), normal methionine diet (NM, 0.86% methionine), or high-methionine diet (HM, 2.58% methionine) for 11 weeks. We found that HM diets damaged nonspatial recognition memory, working memory, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. LM diets improved nonspatial recognition memory and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and ameliorated anxiety-like behavior, but the differences did not reach a significant level. Moreover, HM diets significantly decreased the abundance of putative short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Roseburia, Blautia, Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium) and serotonin-producing bacteria (Turicibacter) and significantly increased the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria Escherichia-Shigella. Of note, LM diets reversed the results. Consequently, the SCFA and serotonin levels were significantly decreased with HM diets and significantly increased with LM diets. Furthermore, HM diets induced hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation and selectively downregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression, whereas LM diets selectively upregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression. In conclusion, dietary methionine via dose-dependent inhibition of SCFA production capacity contributed to a potential risk of cognitive dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Manman Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuncong Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Fan X, Fan Z, Yang Z, Huang T, Tong Y, Yang D, Mao X, Yang M. Flavonoids-Natural Gifts to Promote Health and Longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042176. [PMID: 35216290 PMCID: PMC8879655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging of mammals is accompanied by the progressive atrophy of tissues and organs and the accumulation of random damage to macromolecular DNA, protein, and lipids. Flavonoids have excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids can delay aging and prolong a healthy lifespan by eliminating senescent cells, inhibiting senescence-related secretion phenotypes (SASPs), and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. However, only a few systematic studies have described flavonoids in clinical treatment for anti-aging, which needs to be explored further. This review first highlights the association between aging and macromolecular damage. Then, we discuss advances in the role of flavonoid molecules in prolonging the health span and lifespan of organisms. This study may provide crucial information for drug design and developmental and clinical applications based on flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziqiang Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Ziyue Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Tiantian Huang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Yingdong Tong
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xueping Mao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.F.); (Z.F.); (Z.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.T.); (D.Y.); (X.M.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence:
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Tivendale ND, Fenske R, Duncan O, Millar AH. In vivo homopropargylglycine incorporation enables sampling, isolation and characterization of nascent proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1260-1276. [PMID: 34152049 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Determining which proteins are actively synthesized at a given point in time and extracting a representative sample for analysis is important to understand plant responses. Here we show that the methionine (Met) analogue homopropargylglycine (HPG) enables Bio-Orthogonal Non-Canonical Amino acid Tagging (BONCAT) of a small sample of the proteins being synthesized in Arabidopsis plants or cell cultures, facilitating their click-chemistry enrichment for analysis. The sites of HPG incorporation could be confirmed by peptide mass spectrometry at Met sites throughout protein amino acid sequences and correlation with independent studies of protein labelling with 15 N verified the data. We provide evidence that HPG-based BONCAT tags a better sample of nascent plant proteins than azidohomoalanine (AHA)-based BONCAT in Arabidopsis and show that the AHA induction of Met metabolism and greater inhibition of cell growth rate than HPG probably limits AHA incorporation at Met sites in Arabidopsis. We show HPG-based BONCAT provides a verifiable method for sampling, which plant proteins are being synthesized at a given time point and enriches a small portion of new protein molecules from the bulk protein pool for identification, quantitation and subsequent biochemical analysis. Enriched nascent polypeptides samples were found to contain significantly fewer common post-translationally modified residues than the same proteins from whole plant extracts, providing evidence for age-related accumulation of post-translational modifications in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Tivendale
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ricarda Fenske
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Owen Duncan
- Western Australian Proteomics, The University Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Western Australian Proteomics, The University Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Sharma C, Kim SR. Linking Oxidative Stress and Proteinopathy in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081231. [PMID: 34439479 PMCID: PMC8388980 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinopathy and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are the principal features observed in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain, contribute to neuronal toxicity. β-amyloid and tau are the primary proteins responsible for the proteinopathy (amyloidopathy and tauopathy, respectively) in AD, which depends on ROS production; these aggregates can also generate ROS. These mechanisms work in concert and reinforce each other to drive the pathology observed in the aging brain, which primarily involves oxidative stress (OS). This, in turn, triggers neurodegeneration due to the subsequent loss of synapses and neurons. Understanding these interactions may thus aid in the identification of potential neuroprotective therapies that could be clinically useful. Here, we review the role of β-amyloid and tau in the activation of ROS production. We then further discuss how free radicals can influence structural changes in key toxic intermediates and describe the putative mechanisms by which OS and oligomers cause neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Sharma
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-7362; Fax: +82-53-943-2762
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Implication of Dietary Iron-Chelating Bioactive Compounds in Molecular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Ageing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030491. [PMID: 33800975 PMCID: PMC8003849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the prevailing perceptions regarding the ageing of cells and organisms is the intracellular gradual accumulation of oxidatively damaged macromolecules, leading to the decline of cell and organ function (free radical theory of ageing). This chemically undefined material known as "lipofuscin," "ceroid," or "age pigment" is mainly formed through unregulated and nonspecific oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules that are induced by highly reactive free radicals. A necessary precondition for reactive free radical generation and lipofuscin formation is the intracellular availability of ferrous iron (Fe2+) ("labile iron"), catalyzing the conversion of weak oxidants such as peroxides, to extremely reactive ones like hydroxyl (HO•) or alcoxyl (RO•) radicals. If the oxidized materials remain unrepaired for extended periods of time, they can be further oxidized to generate ultimate over-oxidized products that are unable to be repaired, degraded, or exocytosed by the relevant cellular systems. Additionally, over-oxidized materials might inactivate cellular protection and repair mechanisms, thus allowing for futile cycles of increasingly rapid lipofuscin accumulation. In this review paper, we present evidence that the modulation of the labile iron pool distribution by nutritional or pharmacological means represents a hitherto unappreciated target for hampering lipofuscin accumulation and cellular ageing.
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Yu G, Hyun S. Proteostasis-associated aging: lessons from a Drosophila model. Genes Genomics 2020; 43:1-9. [PMID: 33111208 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-01012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As cells age, they lose their ability to properly fold proteins, maintain protein folding, and eliminate misfolded proteins, which leads to the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates and loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Loss of proteostasis can accelerate aging and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Mechanisms exist to prevent the detrimental effects of abnormal proteins that incorporate chaperones, autophagy, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved across various species. Therefore, the effect of impaired proteostasis on aging has been studied using model organisms that are appropriate for aging studies. In this review, we focus on the relationship between proteostasis and aging, and factors that affect proteostasis in Drosophila. The manipulation of proteostasis can alter lifespan, modulate neurotoxicity, and delay the onset of neurodegeneration, indicating that proteostasis may be a novel pharmacological target for the development of treatments for various age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garbin Yu
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 156-756, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogang Hyun
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 156-756, Seoul, South Korea.
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Arriagada-Petersen C, Fernandez P, Gomez M, Ravello N, Palomo I, Fuentes E, Ávila F. Effect of advanced glycation end products on platelet activation and aggregation: a comparative study of the role of glyoxal and methylglyoxal. Platelets 2020; 32:507-515. [PMID: 32449466 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1767770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) arising from dietary intake have been associated with numerous chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases. The interaction between platelets and AGEs has been proposed to play a role in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of the interaction between platelets and Maillard reaction products generated from glyoxal (Gly) or methylglyoxal (MG) are poorly understood. In this work, the effects of AGEs generated by the reaction between Gly or MG with Lys or bovine serum albumin (BSA) on platelet activation and aggregation were assessed. AGEs were generated incubating Gly or MG with Lys or BSA during 5 hours or 14 days, respectively. AGEs generation were characterized by kinetic studies and by amino acid analysis. Human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was incubated with different concentrations of AGEs from Lys-MG or Lys-Gly and BSA-MG or BSA-Gly. Platelet activation was determined quantifying the expression of CD62 (P-selectin) in PRP exposed to different AGEs concentrations. It was found that Lys-MG and Lys-Gly induced an increase in P-selectin expression (p < .05), being 33.9% higher for Lys-MG when compared to Lys-Gly. Platelets incubated in the presence of BSA-MG and BSA-Gly did not show an increase in the P-selectin expression. Platelet aggregation was significantly higher for the mixture Lys-MG (in all the range of concentrations evaluated), whereas for Lys-Gly it was only significant the highest concentration (Lys 168 µM/Gly 168 µM). It was observed a significant increase in platelet aggregation induced by ADP for samples BSA-Gly. AGEs formed with MG-Lys induce a higher activation and aggregation of platelets when compared to those formed from Gly-Lys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Fernandez
- Escuela De Nutrición Y Dietética, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Maira Gomez
- Escuela De Nutrición Y Dietética, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Natalia Ravello
- Escuela De Nutrición Y Dietética, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Felipe Ávila
- Escuela De Nutrición Y Dietética, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
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Comprehensive analysis of posttranslational protein modifications in aging of subcellular compartments. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7596. [PMID: 32371922 PMCID: PMC7200742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic and non-enzymatic posttranslational protein modifications by oxidation, glycation and acylation are key regulatory mechanisms in hallmarks of aging like inflammation, altered epigenetics and decline in proteostasis. In this study a mouse cohort was used to monitor changes of posttranslational modifications in the aging process. A protocol for the extraction of histones, cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins from mouse liver was developed and validated. In total, 6 lysine acylation structures, 7 advanced glycation endproducts, 6 oxidative stress markers, and citrullination were quantitated in proteins of subcellular compartments using HPLC-MS/MS. Methionine sulfoxide, acetylation, formylation, and citrullination were the most abundant modifications. Histone proteins were extraordinary high modified and non-enzymatic modifications accumulated in all subcellular compartments during the aging process. Compared to acetylation of histone proteins which gave between 350 and 305 µmol/mol leucine equivalents in young and old animals, modifications like acylation, glycation, and citrullination raised to 43%, 20%, and 18% of acetylation, respectively. On the other hand there was an age related increase of selected oxidative stress markers by up to 150%. The data and patterns measured in this study are mandatory for further studies and will strongly facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms in aging.
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13
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Grune T. Oxidized protein aggregates: Formation and biological effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 150:120-124. [PMID: 32097679 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of protein aggregates has a long history. While in the first decades until the 80ies of the 20th century only the observation of the presence of such aggregates was reported, later the biochemistry of the formation and the biological effects of theses aggregates were described. This review focusses on the complexity of the biological effects of protein aggregates and its potential role in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785, Berlin, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
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14
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Papaevgeniou N, Hoehn A, Tur JA, Klotz LO, Grune T, Chondrogianni N. Sugar-derived AGEs accelerate pharyngeal pumping rate and increase the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1056-1067. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1661403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Papaevgeniou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Nutrigenomics Section, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Hoehn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München, Germany
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lars-Oliver Klotz
- Nutrigenomics Section, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
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15
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Oxidative Stress and Advanced Lipoxidation and Glycation End Products (ALEs and AGEs) in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3085756. [PMID: 31485289 PMCID: PMC6710759 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3085756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a consequence of the use of oxygen in aerobic respiration by living organisms and is denoted as a persistent condition of an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the endogenous antioxidant system (AOS) to detoxify them. The oxidative stress theory has been confirmed in many animal studies, which demonstrated that the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and biomolecular stability and integrity is crucial for cellular longevity and successful aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network, alteration in the activities of transcription factors such as Nrf2 and NF-κB, and disturbances in the protein quality control machinery that includes molecular chaperones, ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy/lysosome pathway have been observed during aging and age-related chronic diseases. The accumulation of ROS under oxidative stress conditions results in the induction of lipid peroxidation and glycoxidation reactions, which leads to the elevated endogenous production of reactive aldehydes and their derivatives such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MG), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) giving rise to advanced lipoxidation and glycation end products (ALEs and AGEs, respectively). Both ALEs and AGEs play key roles in cellular response to oxidative stress stimuli through the regulation of a variety of cell signaling pathways. However, elevated ALE and AGE production leads to protein cross-linking and aggregation resulting in an alteration in cell signaling and functioning which causes cell damage and death. This is implicated in aging and various age-related chronic pathologies such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. In the present review, we discuss experimental data evidencing the impairment in cellular functions caused by AGE/ALE accumulation under oxidative stress conditions. We focused on the implications of ALEs/AGEs in aging and age-related diseases to demonstrate that the identification of cellular dysfunctions involved in disease initiation and progression can serve as a basis for the discovery of relevant therapeutic agents.
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16
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Tsakiri EN, Gumeni S, Vougas K, Pendin D, Papassideri I, Daga A, Gorgoulis V, Juhász G, Scorrano L, Trougakos IP. Proteasome dysfunction induces excessive proteome instability and loss of mitostasis that can be mitigated by enhancing mitochondrial fusion or autophagy. Autophagy 2019; 15:1757-1773. [PMID: 31002009 PMCID: PMC6735541 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1596477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is central to proteostasis network (PN) functionality and proteome quality control. Yet, the functional implication of the UPP in tissue homeodynamics at the whole organism level and its potential cross-talk with other proteostatic or mitostatic modules are not well understood. We show here that knock down (KD) of proteasome subunits in Drosophila flies, induced, for most subunits, developmental lethality. Ubiquitous or tissue specific proteasome dysfunction triggered systemic proteome instability and activation of PN modules, including macroautophagy/autophagy, molecular chaperones and the antioxidant cncC (the fly ortholog of NFE2L2/Nrf2) pathway. Also, proteasome KD increased genomic instability, altered metabolic pathways and severely disrupted mitochondrial functionality, triggering a cncC-dependent upregulation of mitostatic genes and enhanced rates of mitophagy. Whereas, overexpression of key regulators of antioxidant responses (e.g., cncC or foxo) could not suppress the deleterious effects of proteasome dysfunction; these were alleviated in both larvae and adult flies by modulating mitochondrial dynamics towards increased fusion or by enhancing autophagy. Our findings reveal the extensive functional wiring of genomic, proteostatic and mitostatic modules in higher metazoans. Also, they support the notion that age-related increase of proteotoxic stress due to decreased UPP activity deregulates all aspects of cellular functionality being thus a driving force for most age-related diseases. Abbreviations: ALP: autophagy-lysosome pathway; ARE: antioxidant response element; Atg8a: autophagy-related 8a; ATPsynβ: ATP synthase, β subunit; C-L: caspase-like proteasomal activity; cncC: cap-n-collar isoform-C; CT-L: chymotrypsin-like proteasomal activity; Drp1: dynamin related protein 1; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; foxo: forkhead box, sub-group O; GLU: glucose; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GLY: glycogen; Hsf: heat shock factor; Hsp: Heat shock protein; Keap1: kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; Marf: mitochondrial assembly regulatory factor; NFE2L2/Nrf2: nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2; Opa1: optic atrophy 1; PN: proteostasis network; RNAi: RNA interference; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ref(2)P: refractory to sigma P; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SdhA: succinate dehydrogenase, subunit A; T-L: trypsin-like proteasomal activity; TREH: trehalose; UAS: upstream activation sequence; Ub: ubiquitin; UPR: unfolded protein response; UPP: ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni N Tsakiri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vougas
- Genomics and Proteomics Research Units, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Diana Pendin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Issidora Papassideri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Andrea Daga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea , Lecco , Italy
| | - Vassilis Gorgoulis
- Genomics and Proteomics Research Units, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary and Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Dulbecco-Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biology, University of Padua , Padova , Italy
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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17
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Fernando R, Drescher C, Nowotny K, Grune T, Castro JP. Impaired proteostasis during skeletal muscle aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 132:58-66. [PMID: 30194981 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex phenomenon that has detrimental effects on tissue homeostasis. The skeletal muscle is one of the earliest tissues to be affected and to manifest age-related changes such as functional impairment and the loss of mass. Common to these alterations and to most of tissues during aging is the disruption of the proteostasis network by detrimental changes in the ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosomal system (ALS). In fact, during aging the accumulation of protein aggregates, a process mainly driven by increased levels of oxidative stress, has been observed, clearly demonstrating UPS and ALS dysregulation. Since the UPS and ALS are the two most important pathways for the removal of misfolded and aggregated proteins and also of damaged organelles, we provide here an overview on the current knowledge regarding the connection between the loss of proteostasis and skeletal muscle functional impairment and also how redox regulation can play a role during aging. Therefore, this review serves for a better understanding of skeletal muscle aging in regard to the loss of proteostasis and how redox regulation can impact its function and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernando
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Cathleen Drescher
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kerstin Nowotny
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Department for Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Portugal; Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), Aging and Stress Group, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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18
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Csongová M, Gurecká R, Koborová I, Celec P, Domonkos E, Uličná O, Somoza V, Šebeková K. The effects of a maternal advanced glycation end product-rich diet on somatic features, reflex ontogeny and metabolic parameters of offspring mice. Food Funct 2018; 9:3432-3446. [PMID: 29877548 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00183a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to a Western type diet during pregnancy might predispose the offspring to manifestation of metabolic and behavioral disturbances in later life. The Western type diet contains large amounts of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In humans and experimental rodents, the intake of an AGE-rich diet (AGE-RD) negatively affected glucose homeostasis, and initiated the production of reactive oxygen species. Rats consuming the AGE-RD presented changes in behavior. It remains unclear whether maternal intake of the AGE-RD might affect developmental plasticity in offspring. We examined early somatic (weight, incisor eruption, ear unfolding, and eye opening) and neuromotor development, oxidative status, insulin sensitivity (HOMA index) and locomotor activity assessed in PhenoTyper cages in the offspring of mice fed during pregnancy with either the AGE-RD (25% bread crusts/75% control chow) or control chow. Until weaning, the somatic development of offspring did not differ between the two dietary groups. The AGE-RD offspring manifested physiological reflexes (auditory startle, eye lid, ear twitch and righting reflexes) earlier. As young adults, the male offspring of the AGE-RD dams were heavier and less insulin sensitive compared with their control counterparts. The AGE-RD offspring showed higher locomotor activity during the active phase. Our data indicate that the maternal AGE-RD during pregnancy might accelerate the maturation of reflexes in offspring, predispose the male progeny to weight gain and affect their glucose homeostasis. These effects manifest without the direct consumption of the AGE-RD by offspring. Further work is needed to determine the mechanisms by which the maternal AGE-RD affects neurobehavioral pathways in offspring, as well as sex differences in adverse metabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Csongová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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19
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Merigliano C, Mascolo E, Burla R, Saggio I, Vernì F. The Relationship Between Vitamin B6, Diabetes and Cancer. Front Genet 2018; 9:388. [PMID: 30271425 PMCID: PMC6146109 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, works as cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions and it behaves as antioxidant molecule. PLP deficiency has been associated to many human pathologies including cancer and diabetes and the mechanism behind this connection is now becoming clearer. Inadequate intake of this vitamin increases the risk of many cancers; furthermore, PLP deprivation impairs insulin secretion in rats, whereas PLP supplementation prevents diabetic complications and improves gestational diabetes. Growing evidence shows that diabetes and cancer are correlated not only because they share same risk factors but also because diabetic patients have a higher risk of developing tumors, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we will explore data obtained in Drosophila revealing the existence of a connection between vitamin B6, DNA damage and diabetes, as flies in the past decade turned out to be a promising model also for metabolic diseases including diabetes. We will focus on recent studies that revealed a specific role for PLP in maintaining chromosome integrity and glucose homeostasis, and we will show that these aspects are correlated. In addition, we will discuss recent data identifying PLP as a putative linking factor between diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Merigliano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Mascolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Burla
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Structural Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin," Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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20
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Targeting Protein Quality Control Mechanisms by Natural Products to Promote Healthy Ageing. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051219. [PMID: 29783751 PMCID: PMC6100286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal ageing is associated with increased chance of morbidity or mortality and it is driven by diverse molecular pathways that are affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The progression of ageing correlates with the gradual accumulation of stressors and damaged biomolecules due to the time-dependent decline of stress resistance and functional capacity, which eventually compromise cellular homeodynamics. As protein machines carry out the majority of cellular functions, proteome quality control is critical for cellular functionality and is carried out through the curating activity of the proteostasis network (PN). Key components of the PN are the two main degradation machineries, namely the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways along with several stress-responsive pathways, such as that of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which mobilises cytoprotective genomic responses against oxidative and/or xenobiotic damage. Reportedly, genetic or dietary interventions that activate components of the PN delay ageing in evolutionarily diverse organisms. Natural products (extracts or pure compounds) represent an extraordinary inventory of highly diverse structural scaffolds that offer promising activities towards meeting the challenge of increasing healthspan and/or delaying ageing (e.g., spermidine, quercetin or sulforaphane). Herein, we review those natural compounds that have been found to activate proteostatic and/or anti-stress cellular responses and hence have the potential to delay cellular senescence and/or in vivo ageing.
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Novel Natural Products for Healthy Ageing from the Mediterranean Diet and Food Plants of Other Global Sources-The MediHealth Project. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051097. [PMID: 29734769 PMCID: PMC6099974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a rapid increase in the percentage of elderly people in Europe. Consequently, the prevalence of age-related diseases will also significantly increase. Therefore, the main goal of MediHealth, an international research project, is to introduce a novel approach for the discovery of active agents of food plants from the Mediterranean diet and other global sources that promote healthy ageing. To achieve this goal, a series of plants from the Mediterranean diet and food plants from other origins are carefully selected and subjected to in silico, cell-based, in vivo (fly and mouse models), and metabolism analyses. Advanced analytical techniques complement the bio-evaluation process for the efficient isolation and identification of the bioactive plant constituents. Furthermore, pharmacological profiling of bioactive natural products, as well as the identification and synthesis of their metabolites, is carried out. Finally, optimization studies are performed in order to proceed to the development of innovative nutraceuticals, dietary supplements or herbal medicinal products. The project is based on an exchange of researchers between nine universities and four companies from European and non-European countries, exploiting the existing complementary multidisciplinary expertise. Herein, the unique and novel approach of this interdisciplinary project is presented.
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22
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Molecular responses to therapeutic proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma patients are donor-, cell type- and drug-dependent. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17797-17809. [PMID: 29707147 PMCID: PMC5915155 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome is central to proteostasis network functionality and its over-activation represents a hallmark of advanced tumors; thus, its selective inhibition provides a strategy for the development of novel antitumor therapies. In support, proteasome inhibitors, e.g. Bortezomib or Carfilzomib have demonstrated clinical efficacy against hematological cancers. Herein, we studied proteasome regulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and erythrocytes isolated from healthy donors or from Multiple Myeloma patients treated with Bortezomib or Carfilzomib. In healthy donors we found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells express higher, as compared to erythrocytes, basal proteasome activities, as well as that proteasome activities decline during aging. Studies in cells isolated from Multiple Myeloma patients treated with proteasome inhibitors revealed that in most (but, interestingly enough, not all) patients, proteasome activities decline in both cell types during therapy. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, most proteostatic genes expression patterns showed a positive correlation during therapy indicating that proteostasis network modules likely respond to proteasome inhibition as a functional unit. Finally, the expression levels of antioxidant, chaperone and aggresomes removal/autophagy genes were found to inversely associate with patients' survival. Our studies will support a more personalized therapeutic approach in hematological malignancies treated with proteasome inhibitors.
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Press M, Jung T, König J, Grune T, Höhn A. Protein aggregates and proteostasis in aging: Amylin and β-cell function. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 177:46-54. [PMID: 29580826 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasomal-system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosomal-system (ALS) are both highly susceptible for disturbances leading to the accumulation of cellular damage. A decline of protein degradation during aging results in the formation of oxidatively damaged and aggregated proteins finally resulting in failure of cellular functionality. Besides protein aggregation in response to oxidative damage, amyloids are a different type of protein aggregates able to distract proteostasis and interfere with cellular functionality. Amyloids are clearly linked to the pathogenesis of age-related degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Human amylin is one of the peptides forming fibrils in β-sheet conformation finally leading to amyloid formation. In contrast to rodent amylin, human amylin is prone to form amyloidogenic aggregates, proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes by impairing β-cell functionality. Since aggregates such as lipofuscin and β-amyloid are known to impair proteostasis, it is likely to assume similar effects for human amylin. In this review, we focus on the effects of IAPP on UPS and ALS and their role in amylin degradation, since both systems play a crucial role in maintaining proteome balance thereby influencing, at least in part, cellular fate and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Press
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jeannette König
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Annika Höhn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany.
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Abstract
Progressive loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging that is marked by declines in various components of proteostasis machinery, including: autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated degradation, protein synthesis, and others. While declines in proteostasis have historically been observed as changes in these processes, or as bulk changes in the proteome, recent advances in proteomic methodologies have enabled the comprehensive measurement of turnover directly at the level of individual proteins in vivo. These methods, which utilize a combination of stable-isotope labeling, mass spectrometry, and specialized software analysis, have now been applied to various studies of aging and longevity. Here we review the role of proteostasis in aging and longevity, with a focus on the proteomic methods available to conduct protein turnover in aging models and the insights these studies have provided thus far.
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25
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High-Fructose Consumption Impairs the Redox System and Protein Quality Control in the Brain of Syrian Hamsters: Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7973-7986. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Isami F, West BJ, Nakajima S, Yamagishi SI. Association of advanced glycation end products, evaluated by skin autofluorescence, with lifestyle habits in a general Japanese population. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:1043-1051. [PMID: 29322837 PMCID: PMC5972252 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517736914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) occurs during normal aging but markedly accelerates in people with diabetes. AGEs may play a role in various age-related disorders. Several studies have demonstrated that skin autofluorescence (SAF) reflects accumulated tissue levels of AGEs. However, very few studies have investigated SAF in the general population. The purpose of the present study was to more thoroughly evaluate the potential association among SAF, chronological age, and lifestyle habits in the general population. Methods A large cross-sectional survey of 10,946 Japanese volunteers aged 20 to 79 years was conducted. Volunteers completed a self-administered questionnaire and underwent SAF measurement on their dominant forearms. The associations of SAF with age and lifestyle habits were analyzed using a multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results Age was independently correlated with SAF. Lifestyle habits such as physical activity, nonsmoking, adequate sleep, low mental stress level, eating breakfast, and abstaining from sugary food were each independently associated with lower SAF. Conclusions SAF was associated with age and healthy lifestyle habits in this general Japanese population. The present study suggests that SAF measurement is a convenient tool for evaluating habitual lifestyle behaviors and may have potential for preventative health education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett J West
- 2 Research and Development, Morinda Inc., American Fork, UT, USA
| | - Sanae Nakajima
- 3 Department of Language and Literature, Kyoritsu Women's Junior College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- 4 Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Milder degenerative effects of Carfilzomib vs. Bortezomib in the Drosophila model: a link to clinical adverse events. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17802. [PMID: 29259189 PMCID: PMC5736585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors, e.g. Bortezomib (BTZ) and Carfilzomib (CFZ), have demonstrated clinical efficacy against haematological cancers. Interestingly, several adverse effects are less common, compared to BTZ, in patients treated with CFZ. As the molecular details of these observations remain not well understood we assayed the pathophysiological effects of CFZ vs. BTZ in the Drosophila experimental model. Mass Spectrometry analyses showed that neither CFZ nor BTZ are hydrolysed in flies’ tissues, while at doses inducing similar inhibition of the rate limiting for protein breakdown chymotrypsin-like (CT-L) proteasomal activity, CFZ treatment resulted in less intense increase of oxidative stress or activation of antioxidant and proteostatic modules. Also, despite comparable cardiotoxicity likely due to disrupted mitochondrial function, CFZ did not affect developmental processes, showed minimal neuromuscular defects and reduced to a lesser extent flies’ healthspan. Studies in flies, human cancer cell lines and blood cells isolated from Multiple Myeloma patients treated with CFZ or BTZ revealed, that the increased BTZ toxicity likely relates to partial co-inhibition of the caspase-like (C-L) proteasomal activity Supportively, co-treating flies with CFZ and a C-L selective proteasome inhibitor exacerbated CFZ-mediated toxicity. Our findings provide a reasonable explanation for the differential adverse effects of CFZ and BTZ in the clinic.
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Tsakiri EN, Gaboriaud-Kolar N, Iliaki KK, Tchoumtchoua J, Papanagnou ED, Chatzigeorgiou S, Tallas KD, Mikros E, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis AL, Trougakos IP. The Indirubin Derivative 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-Oxime Activates Proteostatic Modules, Reprograms Cellular Bioenergetic Pathways, and Exerts Antiaging Effects. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1027-1047. [PMID: 28253732 PMCID: PMC5651956 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Organismal aging can be delayed by mutations that either activate stress responses or reduce the nutrient-sensing pathway signaling; thus, by using Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo experimental screening platform, we searched for compounds that modulate these pathways. RESULTS We noted that oral administration of the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (Gsk-3) inhibitor 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6BIO) in Drosophila flies extended healthy life span. 6BIO is not metabolized in fly tissues, modulated bioenergetic pathways, decreased lipid and glucose tissue load, activated antioxidant and proteostatic modules, and enhanced resistance to stressors. Mechanistically, we found that the effects on the stress-responsive pathways were largely dependent on the activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf-2). Genetic inhibition of Gsk-3 largely phenocopied the 6BIO-mediated effects, while high levels of Gsk-3 expression and/or kinase activity suppressed proteostatic modules and reduced flies' longevity; these effects were partially rescued by 6BIO. Also, 6BIO was found to partially reduce the 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (Pdpk1) activity, a major effector of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 cell signaling pathways. INNOVATION 6BIO exerts the unique property of increasing stress tolerance and in parallel partially suppressing the nutrient-sensing pathway signaling. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the 6BIO scaffold can be used for the development of novel antiaging compounds. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1027-1047.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni N Tsakiri
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Nicolas Gaboriaud-Kolar
- 2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi K Iliaki
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Job Tchoumtchoua
- 2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Chatzigeorgiou
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos D Tallas
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- 2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- 2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
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Proteome Stability as a Key Factor of Genome Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102036. [PMID: 28937603 PMCID: PMC5666718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is constantly produced by both endogenous and exogenous factors; DNA lesions then trigger the so-called DNA damaged response (DDR). This is a highly synchronized pathway that involves recognition, signaling and repair of the damage. Failure to eliminate DNA lesions is associated with genome instability, a driving force in tumorigenesis. Proteins carry out the vast majority of cellular functions and thus proteome quality control (PQC) is critical for the maintenance of cellular functionality. PQC is assured by the proteostasis network (PN), which under conditions of proteome instability address the triage decision of protein fold, hold, or degrade. Key components of the PN are the protein synthesis modules, the molecular chaperones and the two main degradation machineries, namely the autophagy-lysosome and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways; also, part of the PN are a number of stress-responsive cellular sensors including (among others) heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nevertheless, the lifestyle- and/or ageing-associated gradual accumulation of stressors results in increasingly damaged and unstable proteome due to accumulation of misfolded proteins and/or protein aggregates. This outcome may then increase genomic instability due to reduced fidelity in processes like DNA replication or repair leading to various age-related diseases including cancer. Herein, we review the role of proteostatic machineries in nuclear genome integrity and stability, as well as on DDR responses.
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Chatzigeorgiou S, Thai QD, Tchoumtchoua J, Tallas K, Tsakiri EN, Papassideri I, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis AL, Trougakos IP. Isolation of natural products with anti-ageing activity from the fruits of Platanus orientalis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 33:53-61. [PMID: 28887920 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is defined as the time-dependent decline of functional capacity and stress resistance resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Reportedly, these effects can be delayed by mild genetic or pharmacological activation of the main modules of the proteostasis network. STUDY DESIGN-METHODS By employing advanced phytochemical methods we isolated natural products from the fruits of Platanus orientalis and studied (via a bio-guided approach) their effects in Drosophila flies, as well as in normal human fibroblasts. RESULTS We report herein that dietary administration in Drosophila flies of a phenolics-enriched methanol extract from the fruits of Platanus orientalis exerted antioxidant effects; activated proteostatic mechanisms and mildly extended flies' longevity. We then isolated the two major compounds of the extract, namely Platanoside and Tiliroside and found that enrichment of the total extract with these compounds decreased oxidative stress and (in the case of the Tiliroside enriched extract) activated proteostatic mechanisms. Administration of purified Tiliroside in flies activated proteostatic genes, enhanced proteasome and lysosomal-cathepsin activities and decreased tissues' oxidative load; moreover, it delayed the rate of age-related decrease in flies' locomotion activity and increased flies' longevity. Notably, Tiliroside also activated proteasome in normal human fibroblasts and delayed progression of cellular senescence indicating that it may also impact on human cells rate of senescence. CONCLUSION Our presented findings highlight the potential anti-ageing activity of naturals products derived from the fruits of P. orientalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Quoc Dang Thai
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Job Tchoumtchoua
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tallas
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Eleni N Tsakiri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Issidora Papassideri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece.
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31
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Prasad C, Davis KE, Imrhan V, Juma S, Vijayagopal P. Advanced Glycation End Products and Risks for Chronic Diseases: Intervening Through Lifestyle Modification. Am J Lifestyle Med 2017; 13:384-404. [PMID: 31285723 DOI: 10.1177/1559827617708991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a family of compounds of diverse chemical nature that are the products of nonenzymatic reactions between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. AGEs bind to one or more of their multiple receptors (RAGE) found on a variety of cell types and elicit an array of biologic responses. In this review, we have summarized the data on the nature of AGEs and issues associated with their measurements, their receptors, and changes in their expression under different physiologic and disease states. Last, we have used this information to prescribe lifestyle choices to modulate AGE-RAGE cycle for better health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Prasad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas (CP, VI, SJ, PV).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (KED)
| | - Kathleen E Davis
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas (CP, VI, SJ, PV).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (KED)
| | - Victorine Imrhan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas (CP, VI, SJ, PV).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (KED)
| | - Shanil Juma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas (CP, VI, SJ, PV).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (KED)
| | - Parakat Vijayagopal
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas (CP, VI, SJ, PV).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (KED)
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Höhn A, Weber D, Jung T, Ott C, Hugo M, Kochlik B, Kehm R, König J, Grune T, Castro JP. Happily (n)ever after: Aging in the context of oxidative stress, proteostasis loss and cellular senescence. Redox Biol 2016; 11:482-501. [PMID: 28086196 PMCID: PMC5228102 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex phenomenon and its impact is becoming more relevant due to the rising life expectancy and because aging itself is the basis for the development of age-related diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes. Recent years of scientific research have brought up different theories that attempt to explain the aging process. So far, there is no single theory that fully explains all facets of aging. The damage accumulation theory is one of the most accepted theories due to the large body of evidence found over the years. Damage accumulation is thought to be driven, among others, by oxidative stress. This condition results in an excess attack of oxidants on biomolecules, which lead to damage accumulation over time and contribute to the functional involution of cells, tissues and organisms. If oxidative stress persists, cellular senescence is a likely outcome and an important hallmark of aging. Therefore, it becomes crucial to understand how senescent cells function and how they contribute to the aging process. This review will cover cellular senescence features related to the protein pool such as morphological and molecular hallmarks, how oxidative stress promotes protein modifications, how senescent cells cope with them by proteostasis mechanisms, including antioxidant enzymes and proteolytic systems. We will also highlight the nutritional status of senescent cells and aged organisms (including human clinical studies) by exploring trace elements and micronutrients and on their importance to develop strategies that might increase both, life and health span and postpone aging onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Hugo
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bastian Kochlik
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Richard Kehm
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jeannette König
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Portugal; Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), Aging and Stress Group, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Subnormothermic Perfusion in the Isolated Rat Liver Preserves the Antioxidant Glutathione and Enhances the Function of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9324692. [PMID: 27800122 PMCID: PMC5075307 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9324692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of oxidative stress is suggested to be one of the main mechanisms to explain the benefits of subnormothermic perfusion against ischemic liver damage. In this study we investigated the early cellular mechanisms induced in isolated rat livers after 15 min perfusion at temperatures ranging from normothermia (37°C) to subnormothermia (26°C and 22°C). Subnormothermic perfusion was found to maintain hepatic viability. Perfusion at 22°C raised reduced glutathione levels and the activity of glutathione reductase; however, lipid and protein oxidation still occurred as determined by malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts, and advanced oxidation protein products. In livers perfused at 22°C the lysosomal and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) were both activated. The 26S chymotrypsin-like (β5) proteasome activity was significantly increased in the 26°C (46%) and 22°C (42%) groups. The increased proteasome activity may be due to increased Rpt6 Ser120 phosphorylation, which is known to enhance 26S proteasome activity. Together, our results indicate that the early events produced by subnormothermic perfusion in the liver can induce oxidative stress concomitantly with antioxidant glutathione preservation and enhanced function of the lysosomal and UPS systems. Thus, a brief hypothermia could trigger antioxidant mechanisms and may be functioning as a preconditioning stimulus.
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Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Effect of glycation inhibitors on aging and age-related diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 160:1-18. [PMID: 27671971 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vast evidence supports the view that glycation of proteins is one of the main factors contributing to aging and is an important element of etiopathology of age-related diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, cataract and neurodegenerative diseases. Counteracting glycation can therefore be a means of increasing both the lifespan and healthspan. In this review, accumulation of glycation products during aging is presented, pathophysiological effects of glycation are discussed and ways of attenuation of the effects of glycation are described, concentrating on prevention of glycation. The effects of glycation and glycation inhibitors on the course of selected age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and cataract are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-604 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-604 Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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35
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Vidoni C, Follo C, Savino M, Melone MAB, Isidoro C. The Role of Cathepsin D in the Pathogenesis of Human Neurodegenerative Disorders. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:845-70. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vidoni
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro,”; Novara Italy
| | - Carlo Follo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro,”; Novara Italy
| | - Miriam Savino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro,”; Novara Italy
| | - Mariarosa A. B. Melone
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinic and Experimental Medicine and Surgery; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
- InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro,”; Novara Italy
- InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
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36
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Bozaykut P, Ozer NK, Karademir B. Nrf2 silencing to inhibit proteolytic defense induced by hyperthermia in HT22 cells. Redox Biol 2016; 8:323-32. [PMID: 26966891 PMCID: PMC4789349 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 pathway has been known to be protective against cancer progression however recent studies have revealed that the antioxidant activity of Nrf2 contributes to chemotherapy resistance. For many years, hyperthermia has been used as an additional therapy to increase the efficiency of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Besides the positive effects of hyperthermia during treatment procedure, thermotolerance has been found to develop against heat treatment. Although the involved molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified, heat shock proteins (HSP) and proteasome activity are known to be involved in the acquisition of thermotolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of combining hyperthermia with Nrf2 silencing to inhibit molecular mechanisms leading to induction of defense mechanisms in transcription level. Following heat treatment of HT22 cells, HSP70 and the proteasome levels and as well as proteasome activity were found to be elevated in the nucleus. Our results demonstrated that Nrf2 silencing reduced defense mechanisms against heat treatment both in antioxidant and proteolytic manner and Nrf2 may be a potential target for therapeutic approach in order to improve the beneficial effects of hyperthermia in cancer therapy. Hyperthermia increases HSP70, β5 levels and Proteasome activity in the nucleus. Nrf2 pathway contributes to thermotolerance by HO-1 and GSTα. Nrf2 contributes to thermotolerance via proteasome and HSP related degradation. Nrf2 Inhibition may be a useful approach to overcome the thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinur Bozaykut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical Biochemistry, International School of Medicine, Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul Medico University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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37
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Cross Talk of Proteostasis and Mitostasis in Cellular Homeodynamics, Ageing, and Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4587691. [PMID: 26977249 PMCID: PMC4763003 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4587691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that provide essential metabolic functions and represent the major bioenergetic hub of eukaryotic cell. Therefore, maintenance of mitochondria activity is necessary for the proper cellular function and survival. To this end, several mechanisms that act at different levels and time points have been developed to ensure mitochondria quality control. An interconnected highly integrated system of mitochondrial and cytosolic chaperones and proteases along with the fission/fusion machinery represents the surveillance scaffold of mitostasis. Moreover, nonreversible mitochondrial damage targets the organelle to a specific autophagic removal, namely, mitophagy. Beyond the organelle dynamics, the constant interaction with the ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) has become an emerging aspect of healthy mitochondria. Dysfunction of mitochondria and UPS increases with age and correlates with many age-related diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the functional cross talk of proteostasis and mitostasis in cellular homeodynamics and the impairment of mitochondrial quality control during ageing, cancer, and neurodegeneration.
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38
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Sklirou AD, Ralli M, Dominguez M, Papassideri I, Skaltsounis AL, Trougakos IP. Hexapeptide-11 is a novel modulator of the proteostasis network in human diploid fibroblasts. Redox Biol 2015; 5:205-215. [PMID: 25974626 PMCID: PMC4434199 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that several natural products (e.g. crude extracts or purified compounds) have been found to activate cell antioxidant responses and/or delay cellular senescence the effect(s) of small peptides on cell viability and/or modulation of protective mechanisms (e.g. the proteostasis network) remain largely elusive. We have thus studied a hexapeptide (Hexapeptide-11) of structure Phe-Val-Ala-Pro-Phe-Pro (FVAPFP) originally isolated from yeast extracts and later synthesized by solid state synthesis to high purity. We show herein that Hexapeptide-11 exhibits no significant toxicity in normal human diploid lung or skin fibroblasts. Exposure of fibroblasts to Hexapeptide-11 promoted dose and time-dependent activation of proteasome, autophagy, chaperones and antioxidant responses related genes. Moreover, it promoted increased nuclear accumulation of Nrf2; higher expression levels of proteasomal protein subunits and increased proteasome peptidase activities. In line with these findings we noted that Hexapeptide-11 conferred significant protection in fibroblasts against oxidative-stress-mediated premature cellular senescence, while at in vivo skin deformation assays in human subjects it improved skin elasticity. Finally, Hexapeptide-11 was found to induce the activity of extracellular MMPs and it also suppressed cell migration. Our presented findings indicate that Hexapeptide-11 is a promising anti-ageing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilia D Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Marianna Ralli
- Korres S.A. Natural Products, 57th Athens-Lamia National Road, 32011 Inofyta, Greece
| | | | - Issidora Papassideri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
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Zabuga OG, Koliada AK, Kukharskyy VM, Bazhynova AI, Vaiserman AM. [THE EFFECT OF DIETARY RESTRICTION DURING DEVELOPMENT OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER ON THE ACTIVITY OF ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM ENZYMES]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 61:114-8. [PMID: 27025052 DOI: 10.15407/fz61.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the previous study we demonstrated that dietary restriction only at the development stage of Drosophila melanogaster may impact the life span of adult flies. It was important that we didn't use qualitative (restriction of proteins or other macro- or microelements) and not a calorie restriction as well, but quantitative dietary restriction that was the proportional reduction of all food components in the larval medium. In the situations when the larvae were reared in the medium types, that contained protein and carbohydrate components in concentrations of 90-10% of food components compared to the standard one (100%), the males were characterised with the significant increase in the maximum life span. The average life span was also increased, but only in those male individuals that developed in the medium types, that contained 50% and 60% of food components compared to controls. Such an effect we haven't detected in the female flies. To study the biochemical changes associated with the physiological effects we have determined the activity of the antioxidant enzymes--superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. In the male flies the 50% dietary restriction implemented during the development has led to the significant increase in a SOD and catalase activity. Also the flies of both sexes reared in the medium with the 50% of food components have been characterised with the reduction in the accumulation of glycation end products. According to these results, we suggest that the changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes may play a role in the increase of the flies life span caused by the dietary restriction during the development.
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The amazing ubiquitin-proteasome system: structural components and implication in aging. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 314:171-237. [PMID: 25619718 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteome quality control (PQC) is critical for the maintenance of cellular functionality and it is assured by the curating activity of the proteostasis network (PN). PN is constituted of several complex protein machines that under conditions of proteome instability aim to, firstly identify, and then, either rescue or degrade nonnative polypeptides. Central to the PN functionality is the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) which is composed from the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the proteasome; the latter is a sophisticated multi-subunit molecular machine that functions in a bimodal way as it degrades both short-lived ubiquitinated normal proteins and nonfunctional polypeptides. UPS is also involved in PQC of the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria and it also interacts with the other main cellular degradation axis, namely the autophagy-lysosome system. UPS functionality is optimum in the young organism but it is gradually compromised during aging resulting in increasing proteotoxic stress; these effects correlate not only with aging but also with most age-related diseases. Herein, we present a synopsis of the UPS components and of their functional alterations during cellular senescence or in vivo aging. We propose that mild UPS activation in the young organism will, likely, promote antiaging effects and/or suppress age-related diseases.
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Miura E, Hasegawa T, Konno M, Suzuki M, Sugeno N, Fujikake N, Geisler S, Tabuchi M, Oshima R, Kikuchi A, Baba T, Wada K, Nagai Y, Takeda A, Aoki M. VPS35 dysfunction impairs lysosomal degradation of α-synuclein and exacerbates neurotoxicity in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 71:1-13. [PMID: 25107340 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) have been linked to familial Parkinson's disease (PD). VPS35, a component of the retromer, mediates the retrograde transport of cargo from the endosome to the trans-Golgi network. Here we showed that retromer depletion increases the lysosomal turnover of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor, thereby affecting the trafficking of cathepsin D (CTSD), a lysosome protease involved in α-synuclein (αSYN) degradation. VPS35 knockdown perturbed the maturation step of CTSD in parallel with the accumulation of αSYN in the lysosomes. Furthermore, we found that the knockdown of Drosophila VPS35 not only induced the accumulation of the detergent-insoluble αSYN species in the brain but also exacerbated both locomotor impairments and mild compound eye disorganization and interommatidial bristle loss in flies expressing human αSYN. These findings indicate that the retromer may play a crucial role in αSYN degradation by modulating the maturation of CTSD and might thereby contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Miura
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Konno
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira 187-8502, Japan
| | - Mari Suzuki
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira 187-8502, Japan
| | - Naoto Sugeno
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Fujikake
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira 187-8502, Japan
| | - Sven Geisler
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenetics, Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mitsuaki Tabuchi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Ryuji Oshima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akio Kikuchi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toru Baba
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira 187-8502, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takeda
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Sendai-Nishitaga Hospital, Sendai 982-8555, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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Hellwig M, Henle T. Backen, Altern, Diabetes: eine kurze Geschichte der Maillard-Reaktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hellwig M, Henle T. Baking, ageing, diabetes: a short history of the Maillard reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10316-29. [PMID: 25044982 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of reducing carbohydrates with amino compounds described in 1912 by Louis-Camille Maillard is responsible for the aroma, taste, and appearance of thermally processed food. The discovery that non-enzymatic conversions also occur in organisms led to intensive investigation of the pathophysiological significance of the Maillard reaction in diabetes and ageing processes. Dietary Maillard products are discussed as "glycotoxins" and thus as a nutritional risk, but also increasingly with regard to positive effects in the human body. In this Review we give an overview of the most important discoveries in Maillard research since it was first described and show that the complex reaction, even after over one hundred years, has lost none of its interdisciplinary actuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hellwig
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden (Germany) http://www.chm.tu-dresden.de/lc1
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Höhn A, Jung T, Grune T. Pathophysiological importance of aggregated damaged proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 71:70-89. [PMID: 24632383 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed continuously in the organism even under physiological conditions. If the level of ROS in cells exceeds the cellular defense capacity, components such as RNA/DNA, lipids, and proteins are damaged and modified, thus affecting the functionality of organelles as well. Proteins are especially prominent targets of various modifications such as oxidation, glycation, or conjugation with products of lipid peroxidation, leading to the alteration of their biological function, nonspecific interactions, and the production of high-molecular-weight protein aggregates. To ensure the maintenance of cellular functions, two proteolytic systems are responsible for the removal of oxidized and modified proteins, especially the proteasome and organelles, mainly the autophagy-lysosomal systems. Furthermore, increased protein oxidation and oxidation-dependent impairment of proteolytic systems lead to an accumulation of oxidized proteins and finally to the formation of nondegradable protein aggregates. Accordingly, the cellular homeostasis cannot be maintained and the cellular metabolism is negatively affected. Here we address the current knowledge of protein aggregation during oxidative stress, aging, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Abstract
Cells use an exquisite network of mechanisms to maintain the integrity and functionality of their protein components. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), these networks of protein homeostasis--referred to as proteostasis--regulate protein synthesis, folding and degradation via the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. The UPR pathway has two components: the adaptive UPR pathway, which predominantly maintains the ER function or ER proteostasis, and the apoptotic UPR pathway, which eliminates dysfunctional cells that have been subject to long-term or severe ER stress. Dysregulation of the UPR pathway often occurs in glomerular or tubulointerstitial cells under a pathogenic microenvironment, such as oxidative stress, glycative stress or hypoxia. A defective UPR is highly deleterious to renal cell function and viability and is thereby implicated in the pathophysiology of various kidney diseases. Accumulating evidence provides a link between the UPR pathway and mitochondrial structure and function, indicating the important role of ER proteostasis in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Restoration of normal proteostasis, therefore, holds promise in protecting the kidney from pathogenic stresses as well as ageing. This Review is focused on the role of the ER stress and UPR pathway in the maintenance of ER proteostasis, and highlights the involvement of the derangement of ER proteostasis and ER stress in various pathogenic stress signals in the kidney.
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Niforou K, Cheimonidou C, Trougakos IP. Molecular chaperones and proteostasis regulation during redox imbalance. Redox Biol 2014; 2:323-32. [PMID: 24563850 PMCID: PMC3926111 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radicals originate from both exogenous environmental sources and as by-products of the respiratory chain and cellular oxygen metabolism. Sustained accumulation of free radicals, beyond a physiological level, induces oxidative stress that is harmful for the cellular homeodynamics as it promotes the oxidative damage and stochastic modification of all cellular biomolecules including proteins. In relation to proteome stability and maintenance, the increased concentration of oxidants disrupts the functionality of cellular protein machines resulting eventually in proteotoxic stress and the deregulation of the proteostasis (homeostasis of the proteome) network (PN). PN curates the proteome in the various cellular compartments and the extracellular milieu by modulating protein synthesis and protein machines assembly, protein recycling and stress responses, as well as refolding or degradation of damaged proteins. Molecular chaperones are key players of the PN since they facilitate folding of nascent polypeptides, as well as holding, folding, and/or degradation of unfolded, misfolded, or non-native proteins. Therefore, the expression and the activity of the molecular chaperones are tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational level at organismal states of increased oxidative and, consequently, proteotoxic stress, including ageing and various age-related diseases (e.g. degenerative diseases and cancer). In the current review we present a synopsis of the various classes of intra- and extracellular chaperones, the effects of oxidants on cellular homeodynamics and diseases and the redox regulation of chaperones. Free radicals originate from various sources and at physiological concentrations are essential for the modulation of cell signalling pathways. Abnormally high levels of free radicals induce oxidative stress and damage all cellular biomolecules, including proteins. Molecular chaperones facilitate folding of nascent polypeptides, as well as holding, folding, and/or degradation of damaged proteins. The expression and the activity of chaperones during oxidative stress are regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational level.
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Key Words
- AGEs, Advanced Glycation End Products
- ALS, Autophagy Lysosome System
- AP-1, Activator Protein-1
- CLU, apolipoprotein J/Clusterin
- Chaperones
- Diseases
- EPMs, Enzymatic Protein Modifications
- ER, Endoplasmic Reticulum
- ERAD, ER-Associated protein Degradation
- Free radicals
- GPx7, Glutathione Peroxidase 7
- GRP78, Glucose Regulated Protein of 78 kDa
- HSF1, Heat Shock transcription Factor-1
- HSP, Heat Shock Protein
- Hb, Haemoglobin
- Keap1, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
- NADH, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
- NEPMs, Non-Enzymatic Protein Modifications
- NOS, Nitric Oxide Synthase
- NOx, NAD(P)H Oxidase
- Nrf2, NF-E2-related factor 2
- Oxidative stress
- PDI, Protein Disulfide Isomerase
- PDR, Proteome Damage Responses
- PN, Proteostasis Network
- Proteome
- RNS, Reactive Nitrogen Species
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- Redox signalling
- UPR, Unfolded Protein Response
- UPS, Ubiquitin Proteasome System
- α(2)M, α(2)-Macroglobulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Niforou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Christina Cheimonidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15784, Greece
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