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Castillo-Aleman YM, Lumame S, Castelo C, Mir R, Ventura-Carmenate Y, Al-Kaabi FM. Recurrent clumping in the extracorporeal photopheresis circuit using acid citrate dextrose solution A. J Clin Apher 2024; 39:e22117. [PMID: 38661254 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yandy Marx Castillo-Aleman
- Department of Immunology, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Apheresis Unit, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shinnette Lumame
- Apheresis Unit, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charisma Castelo
- Apheresis Unit, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ruqqia Mir
- Department of Neurology, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yendry Ventura-Carmenate
- Department of Immunology, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Apheresis Unit, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center (ADSCC), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Bertgen L, Bökenkamp JE, Schneckmann T, Koch C, Räschle M, Storchová Z, Herrmann JM. Distinct types of intramitochondrial protein aggregates protect mitochondria against proteotoxic stress. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114018. [PMID: 38551959 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria consist of hundreds of proteins, most of which are inaccessible to the proteasomal quality control system of the cytosol. How cells stabilize the mitochondrial proteome during challenging conditions remains poorly understood. Here, we show that mitochondria form spatially defined protein aggregates as a stress-protecting mechanism. Two different types of intramitochondrial protein aggregates can be distinguished. The mitoribosomal protein Var1 (uS3m) undergoes a stress-induced transition from a soluble, chaperone-stabilized protein that is prevalent under benign conditions to an insoluble, aggregated form upon acute stress. The formation of Var1 bodies stabilizes mitochondrial proteostasis, presumably by sequestration of aggregation-prone proteins. The AAA chaperone Hsp78 is part of a second type of intramitochondrial aggregate that transiently sequesters proteins and promotes their folding or Pim1-mediated degradation. Thus, mitochondrial proteins actively control the formation of distinct types of intramitochondrial protein aggregates, which cooperate to stabilize the mitochondrial proteome during proteotoxic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Bertgen
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Bökenkamp
- Molecular Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 24, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tim Schneckmann
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Christian Koch
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Markus Räschle
- Molecular Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 24, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Zuzana Storchová
- Molecular Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 24, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Johannes M Herrmann
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, RPTU, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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3
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Tong H, Yang T, Xu S, Li X, Liu L, Zhou G, Yang S, Yin S, Li XJ, Li S. Huntington's Disease: Complex Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3845. [PMID: 38612657 PMCID: PMC11011923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) arises from the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene (HTT), resulting in the production of the mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT) with a polyglutamine stretch in its N-terminus. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying HD are complex and not yet fully elucidated. However, mHTT forms aggregates and accumulates abnormally in neuronal nuclei and processes, leading to disruptions in multiple cellular functions. Although there is currently no effective curative treatment for HD, significant progress has been made in developing various therapeutic strategies to treat HD. In addition to drugs targeting the neuronal toxicity of mHTT, gene therapy approaches that aim to reduce the expression of the mutant HTT gene hold great promise for effective HD therapy. This review provides an overview of current HD treatments, discusses different therapeutic strategies, and aims to facilitate future therapeutic advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (H.T.); (T.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (G.Z.); (S.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (H.T.); (T.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (L.L.); (G.Z.); (S.Y.); (S.Y.)
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4
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Klausser R, Kopp J, Prada Brichtova E, Gisperg F, Elshazly M, Spadiut O. Corrigendum: State-of-the-art and novel approaches to mild solubilization of inclusion bodies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1392514. [PMID: 38532877 PMCID: PMC10964480 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1392514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249196.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klausser
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Kopp
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Prada Brichtova
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gisperg
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohamed Elshazly
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Liao S, Zhang Y, Han X, Wang T, Wang X, Yan Q, Li Q, Qi Y, Zhang Z. A sequence-based model for identifying proteins undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation/forming fibril aggregates via machine learning. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4927. [PMID: 38380794 PMCID: PMC10880426 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and the solid aggregate (also referred to as amyloid aggregates) formation of proteins, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their associations with various physiological and pathological processes in living organisms. The systematic investigation of the differences and connections between proteins undergoing LLPS and those forming amyloid fibrils at the sequence level has not yet been explored. In this research, we aim to address this gap by comparing the two types of proteins across 36 features using collected data available currently. The statistical comparison results indicate that, 24 of the selected 36 features exhibit significant difference between the two protein groups. A LLPS-Fibrils binary classification model built on these 24 features using random forest reveals that the fraction of intrinsically disordered residues (FIDR ) is identified as the most crucial feature. While, in the further three-class LLPS-Fibrils-Background classification model built on the same screened features, the composition of cysteine and that of leucine show more significant contributions than others. Through feature ablation analysis, we finally constructed a model FLFB (Feature-based LLPS-Fibrils-Background protein predictor) using six refined features, with an average area under the receiver operating characteristics of 0.83. This work indicates using sequence features and a machine learning model, proteins undergoing LLPS or forming amyloid fibrils can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Liao
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujun Zhang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinchen Han
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tinglan Wang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qinglin Yan
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qian Li
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yifei Qi
- School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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6
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Olsén E, García Rodríguez B, Skärberg F, Parkkila P, Volpe G, Höök F, Sundås Midtvedt D. Dual-Angle Interferometric Scattering Microscopy for Optical Multiparametric Particle Characterization. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1874-1881. [PMID: 38295760 PMCID: PMC10870763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Traditional single-nanoparticle sizing using optical microscopy techniques assesses size via the diffusion constant, which requires suspended particles to be in a medium of known viscosity. However, these assumptions are typically not fulfilled in complex natural sample environments. Here, we introduce dual-angle interferometric scattering microscopy (DAISY), enabling optical quantification of both size and polarizability of individual nanoparticles (radius <170 nm) without requiring a priori information regarding the surrounding media or super-resolution imaging. DAISY achieves this by combining the information contained in concurrently measured forward and backward scattering images through twilight off-axis holography and interferometric scattering (iSCAT). Going beyond particle size and polarizability, single-particle morphology can be deduced from the fact that the hydrodynamic radius relates to the outer particle radius, while the scattering-based size estimate depends on the internal mass distribution of the particles. We demonstrate this by differentiating biomolecular fractal aggregates from spherical particles in fetal bovine serum at the single-particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Olsén
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Skärberg
- Department
of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petteri Parkkila
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Department
of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Siddiqui H, Jasiak A, Doub JB. Do All Prosthetic Joint Infection Clinical Isolates Form Aggregates in Synovial Fluid That Are Resistant to Antibiotic Agents? Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2024; 25:71-76. [PMID: 38150525 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are associated with substantial morbidity because conventional antibiotic agents lack activity to bacteria in biofilms that necessitates prosthetic removal to attempt definitive cure. However, these are complex infections that go beyond biofilms and bacteria can be present in various other different states such as synovial fluid aggregates. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to assess the propensity of historically preserved PJI clinical isolates to form synovial fluid aggregates and if aggregation occurred then what is proclivity to be tolerant to high doses of antibiotic agents. Patients and Methods: Historically preserved chronic PJI clinical isolates from 2021 were evaluated for their ability to form synovial fluid aggregates under static and dynamic conditions in 24-microwell plates. Tolerance to vancomycin, gentamicin, or amphotericin was conducted by adding high concentrations of these antibiotic agents to synovial fluid microbial aggregates. Results: All clinical isolates formed synovial fluid aggregates under dynamic conditions, which with the use of scanning electron microscopy showed dense collections of bacteria with synovial fluid polymers. However, under static conditions only Staphylococcus aureus formed aggregates. Importantly, all the microbes in these aggregates were tolerant to high concentrations of antibiotic agents. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that synovial fluid aggregation occurred with all bacterial and fungal species assessed. Therefore, the findings here have important clinical ramifications given the extent that this phenomenon occurs across microbial species and the propensity for the microbes in these aggregates to be tolerant to antibiotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamda Siddiqui
- The Doub Laboratory of Translational Bacterial Research, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam Jasiak
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James B Doub
- The Doub Laboratory of Translational Bacterial Research, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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8
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Kennedy K, Leahy M, Laing ME. Penile melanoma diagnosis aided by in vivo confocal microscopy. JAAD Case Rep 2024; 44:30-33. [PMID: 38292567 PMCID: PMC10824698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaija Kennedy
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, University College Dublin
| | - Marion Leahy
- University Hospital Galway, National University of Ireland Galway
| | - Mary E. Laing
- University Hospital Galway, National University of Ireland Galway
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Hachlica N, Stefańska M, Mach M, Kowalska M, Wydro P, Domagała A, Kessler J, Zając G, Kaczor A. Organization of Carotenoid Aggregates in Membranes Studied Selectively using Resonance Raman Optical Activity. Small 2024:e2306707. [PMID: 38247201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In living organisms, carotenoids are incorporated in biomembranes, remarkably modulating their mechanical characteristics, fluidity, and permeability. Significant resonance enhancement of Raman optical activity (ROA) signals of carotenoid chiral aggregates makes resonance ROA (RROA), a highly selective tool to study exclusively carotenoid assemblies in model membranes. Hence, RROA is combined with electronic circular dichroism (ECD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), molecular dynamics, and quantum-chemical calculations to shed new light on the carotenoid aggregation in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes. Using representative members of the carotenoid family: apolar α-carotene and more polar fucoxanthin and zeaxanthin, the authors demonstrate that the stability of carotenoid aggregates is directly linked with their orientation in membranes and the monomer structures inside the assemblies. In particular, polyene chain distortion of α-carotene molecules is an important feature of J-aggregates that show increased orientational freedom and stability inside liposomes compared to H-assemblies of more polar xanthophylls. In light of these results, RROA emerges as a new tool to study active compounds and drugs embedded in membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Hachlica
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, S. Łojasiewicza 11, Krakow, 30-348, Poland
| | - Marta Stefańska
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, 4056, Switzerland
| | - Marzena Mach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
| | - Pawel Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Domagała
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, S. Łojasiewicza 11, Krakow, 30-348, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzyńskiego 14, Krakow, 30-348, Poland
| | - Jiři Kessler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namestı 2, Prague, 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Grzegorz Zając
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzyńskiego 14, Krakow, 30-348, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow, 30-387, Poland
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Fukui Y, Shirakawa H, Kaneko S, Nagayasu K. Wild-Type DCTN1 Suppresses the Aggregation of DCTN1 Mutants Associated with Perry Disease. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:253-258. [PMID: 38267040 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Perry disease, a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by parkinsonism, depression or apathy, unexpected weight loss, and central hypoventilation. Genetic analyses have revealed a strong association between point mutations in the dynactin I gene (DCTN1) coding p150glued and Perry disease. Although previous reports have suggested a critical role of p150glued aggregation in Perry disease pathology, whether and how p150glued mutations affect protein aggregation is not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the intracellular distribution of the p150glued mutants in HEK293T cells. We further assessed the effect of co-overexpression of the wild-type p150glued protein with mutants on the formation of mutant aggregates. Notably, overexpression of p150glued mutants identified in healthy controls, which is also associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, showed a thread-like cytoplasmic distribution, similar to the wild-type p150glued. In contrast, p150glued mutants in Perry disease and motor neuron disease caused aggregation. In addition, the co-overexpression of the wild-type protein with p150glued mutants in Perry disease suppressed aggregate formation. In contrast, the p150glued aggregation of motor neuron disease mutants was less affected by the wild-type p150glued. Further investigation of the mechanism of aggregate formation, contents of the aggregates, and biological mechanisms of Perry disease could help develop novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Fukui
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Hisashi Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuki Nagayasu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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Lőrincz EB, Herczeg M, Houser J, Rievajová M, Kuki Á, Malinovská L, Naesens L, Wimmerová M, Borbás A, Herczegh P, Bereczki I. Amphiphilic Sialic Acid Derivatives as Potential Dual-Specific Inhibitors of Influenza Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17268. [PMID: 38139095 PMCID: PMC10743929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the shadow of SARS-CoV-2, influenza seems to be an innocent virus, although new zoonotic influenza viruses evolved by mutations may lead to severe pandemics. According to WHO, there is an urgent need for better antiviral drugs. Blocking viral hemagglutinin with multivalent N-acetylneuraminic acid derivatives is a promising approach to prevent influenza infection. Moreover, dual inhibition of both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase may result in a more powerful effect. Since both viral glycoproteins can bind to neuraminic acid, we have prepared three series of amphiphilic self-assembling 2-thio-neuraminic acid derivatives constituting aggregates in aqueous medium to take advantage of their multivalent effect. One of the series was prepared by the azide-alkyne click reaction, and the other two by the thio-click reaction to yield neuraminic acid derivatives containing lipophilic tails of different sizes and an enzymatically stable thioglycosidic bond. Two of the three bis-octyl derivatives produced proved to be active against influenza viruses, while all three octyl derivatives bound to hemagglutinin and neuraminidase from H1N1 and H3N2 influenza types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Boglárka Lőrincz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.L.); (M.H.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mihály Herczeg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.L.); (M.H.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Josef Houser
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.M.); (M.W.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rievajová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Ákos Kuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Lenka Malinovská
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.M.); (M.W.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Michaela Wimmerová
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.M.); (M.W.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.L.); (M.H.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
- National Laboratory of Virology, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- HUN-REN–UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pál Herczegh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.L.); (M.H.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Ilona Bereczki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.B.L.); (M.H.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
- National Laboratory of Virology, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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12
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Schiano G, Lake J, Mariniello M, Schaeffer C, Harvent M, Rampoldi L, Olinger E, Devuyst O. Allelic effects on uromodulin aggregates drive autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e18242. [PMID: 37885358 PMCID: PMC10701617 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the uromodulin (UMOD) gene cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD), one of the most common monogenic kidney diseases. The unknown impact of the allelic and gene dosage effects and fate of mutant uromodulin leaves open the gap between postulated gain-of-function mutations, end-organ damage and disease progression in ADTKD. Based on two prevalent missense UMOD mutations with divergent disease progression, we generated UmodC171Y and UmodR186S knock-in mice that showed strong allelic and gene dosage effects on uromodulin aggregates and activation of ER stress and unfolded protein and immune responses, leading to variable kidney damage. Deletion of the wild-type Umod allele in heterozygous UmodR186S mice increased the formation of uromodulin aggregates and ER stress. Studies in kidney tubular cells confirmed differences in uromodulin aggregates, with activation of mutation-specific quality control and clearance mechanisms. Enhancement of autophagy by starvation and mTORC1 inhibition decreased uromodulin aggregates. These studies substantiate the role of toxic aggregates as driving progression of ADTKD-UMOD, relevant for therapeutic strategies to improve clearance of mutant uromodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Schiano
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jennifer Lake
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Marta Mariniello
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Céline Schaeffer
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Marianne Harvent
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Eric Olinger
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Center for Human GeneticsCliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
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13
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Li D, Shi H, Qi Q, Chang B, Jiang Y, Qian K, Guan X, Kang P, Ma N, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Shi X, Qu C, Wu Y, Chen W, Chen H, Li B, Chen L, Li Z, Ma S, Xu L, Zhang Y, Tian J, Hu Z, Jia W, Cheng Z. Clinically Translatable Solid-State Dye for NIR-II Imaging of Medical Devices. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303491. [PMID: 37946702 PMCID: PMC10754084 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Medical devices are commonly implanted underneath the skin, but how to real-time noninvasively monitor their migration, integrity, and biodegradation in human body is still a formidable challenge. Here, the study demonstrates that benzyl violet 4B (BV-4B), a main component in the FDA-approved surgical suture, is found to produce fluorescence signal in the first near-infrared window (NIR-I, 700-900 nm) in polar solutions, whereas BV-4B self-assembles into highly crystalline aggregates upon a formation of ultrasmall nanodots and can emit strong fluorescence in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) with a dramatic bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum of ≈200 nm. Intriguingly, BV-4B-involved suture knots underneath the skin can be facilely monitored during the whole degradation process in vivo, and the rupture of the customized BV-4B-coated silicone catheter is noninvasively diagnosed by NIR-II imaging. Furthermore, BV-4B suspended in embolization glue achieves hybrid fluorescence-guided surgery (hybrid FGS) for arteriovenous malformation. As a proof-of-concept study, the solid-state BV-4B is successfully used for NIR-II imaging of surgical sutures in operations of patients. Overall, as a clinically translatable solid-state dye, BV-4B can be applied for in vivo monitoring the fate of medical devices by NIR-II imaging.
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14
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Abatti PP, Decarli NO, Gogoc S, Data P, Bechtold IH, Westphal E, Gallardo H. Shedding Light on Highly Emissive 1,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Derivatives: Synthesis and Aggregate-Dependent Emission. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300539. [PMID: 37801036 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Three tetraaryl-1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivatives containing different number of long alkoxy chains (2, 4 and 6) were synthesized, characterized and applied in Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). The compounds showed good emission properties with Photoluminescence Quantum Yields (PLQYs) higher than 80 % in solution and 50 % in solid state (thin film). The solvatochromism results revealed a pronounced vibronic emission in methylcyclohexane and toluene, characterized by two distinct sharp emission peaks and a small redshift in the following order: methylcyclohexane>toluene>dichloromethane>tetrahydrofuran>acetonitrile. Also, the compounds formed aggregates with redshifted emission, which can be attributed to excimer formation. This phenomenon was observed in solutions containing 90 % water and with the concentration variation in methylcyclohexane (MCH). Compounds with a greater number of peripheral chains showed the capacity to keep hexagonal columnar organization in films after fast cooling from liquid state. OLEDs fabricated with these compounds showed turn-on voltages lower than 4.0 V, with luminance higher than 1400 cd m-2 , electroluminescence spectra with Full Width at Half Maximum lower than 70 nm and maximum External Quantum Efficiency between 7.2 % and 4.3 %. Overall, this shows that the 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole moiety is promising for applications where luminescence is paramount, as in organic light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Pazini Abatti
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima CP 476, CEP, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Nícolas Oliveira Decarli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Księdza Marcina Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Szymon Gogoc
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Księdza Marcina Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Data
- Department of Molecular Physics, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego Łódź, 116, 90-543, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ivan H Bechtold
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima CP 476, CEP, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Eduard Westphal
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima CP 476, CEP, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
| | - Hugo Gallardo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima CP 476, CEP, 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
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15
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Luo W, Blanchard J, Xue Y, Taleb A. The Influence of TiO 2 Nanoparticles Morphologies on the Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2636. [PMID: 37836277 PMCID: PMC10574753 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Anode materials based on the TiO2 nanoparticles of different morphologies were prepared using the hydrothermal method and characterized by various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and N2 absorption. The TiO2 nanoparticles prepared were used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and their electrochemical properties were tested using discharging/charging measurements. The results showed that the initial morphology of the nanoparticles plays a minor role in battery performance after the first few cycles and that better capacity was achieved for TiO2 nanobelt morphology. The sharp drop in the specific capacity of LIB during their first cycles is examined by considering changes in the morphology of TiO2 particles and their porosity properties in terms of size and connectivity. The performance of TiO2 anode materials has also been assessed by considering their phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpo Luo
- Chimie ParisTech—CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Juliette Blanchard
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris, France;
| | - Yanpeng Xue
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Abdelhafed Taleb
- Chimie ParisTech—CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France;
- Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris, France
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16
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Yang Z, Zhou J. [Optimization and application of caprylic acid precipitation in the purification of monoclonal antibody]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:3757-3771. [PMID: 37805852 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.220882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
In response to the market demand for therapeutic antibodies, the upstream cell culture scale and expression titer of antibodies have been significantly improved, while the production efficiency of downstream purification process is relatively fall behind, and the downstream processing capacity has become a bottleneck limiting antibody production throughput. Using monoclonal antibody mab-X as experimental material, we optimized the caprylic acid (CA) precipitation process conditions of cell culture fluid and low pH virus inactivation pool, and studied two applications of using CA treatment to remove aggregates and to inactivate virus. Based on the lab scale study, we carried out a 500 L scale-up study, where CA was added to the low pH virus inactivation pool for precipitation, and the product quality and yield before and after precipitation were detected and compared. We found that CA precipitation significantly reduced HCP residuals and aggregates both before and after protein A affinity chromatography. In the aggregate spike study, CA precipitation removed about 15% of the aggregates. A virus reduction study showed complete clearance of a model retrovirus during CA precipitation of protein A purified antibody. In the scale-up study, the depth filtration harvesting, affinity chromatography, low pH virus inactivation, CA precipitation and depth filtration, and cation exchange chromatography successively carried out. The mixing time and stirring speed in the CA precipitation process significantly affected the CA precipitation effect. After CA precipitation, the HCP residue in the low pH virus inactivation solution decreased 895 times. After precipitation, the product purity and HCP residual meet the quality criteria of monoclonal antibodies. CA precipitation can reduce the chromatography step in the conventional purification process. In conclusion, CA precipitation in the downstream process can simplify the conventional purification process, fully meet the purification quality criterion of mab-X, and improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. The results of this study may promote the application of CA precipitation in the purification of monoclonal antibodies, and provide a reference for solving the bottleneck of the current purification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
- Innovent Biologics, Inc., Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Lichtenberg M, Coenye T, Parsek MR, Bjarnsholt T, Jakobsen TH. What's in a name? Characteristics of clinical biofilms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad050. [PMID: 37656883 PMCID: PMC10503651 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro biofilms are communities of microbes with unique features compared to individual cells. Biofilms are commonly characterized by physical traits like size, adhesion, and a matrix made of extracellular substances. They display distinct phenotypic features, such as metabolic activity and antibiotic tolerance. However, the relative importance of these traits depends on the environment and bacterial species. Various mechanisms enable biofilm-associated bacteria to withstand antibiotics, including physical barriers, physiological adaptations, and changes in gene expression. Gene expression profiles in biofilms differ from individual cells but, there is little consensus among studies and so far, a 'biofilm signature transcriptome' has not been recognized. Additionally, the spatial and temporal variability within biofilms varies greatly depending on the system or environment. Despite all these variable conditions, which produce very diverse structures, they are all noted as biofilms. We discuss that clinical biofilms may differ from those grown in laboratories and found in the environment and discuss whether the characteristics that are commonly used to define and characterize biofilms have been shown in infectious biofilms. We emphasize that there is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the specific traits that are used to define bacteria in infections as clinical biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Lichtenberg
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthew R Parsek
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1705 NE Pacific St., WA 98195 Seattle, United States
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Ole Maaløes vej 26, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Xie R, Wang Y, Tong F, Yang W, Lei T, Du Y, Wang X, Yang Z, Gong T, Shevtsov M, Gao H. Hsp70-Targeting and Size-Tunable Nanoparticles Combine with PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Glioma. Small 2023; 19:e2300570. [PMID: 37222118 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Invasive glioma usually disrupts the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), making the delivery of nanodrugs across the BBB possible, but sufficient targeting ability is still avidly needed to improve drug accumulation in glioma. Membrane-bound heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is expressed on the membrane of glioma cells rather than adjacent normal cells, therefore it can serve as a specific glioma target. Meanwhile, prolonging the retention in tumors is important for active-targeting nanoparticles to overcome receptor-binding barriers. Herein, the Hsp70-targeting and acid-triggered self-assembled gold nanoparticles (D-A-DA/TPP) are proposed to realize selective delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to glioma. In the weakly acidic glioma matrix, D-A-DA/TPP formed aggregates to prolong retention, improve receptor-binding efficiency and facilitate acid-responsive DOX release. DOX accumulation in glioma induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) to promote antigen presentation. Meanwhile, combination with the PD-1 checkpoint blockade further activate T cells and provokes robust anti-tumor immunity. The results showed that D-A-DA/TPP can induce more glioma apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo studies indicated D-A-DA/TPP plus PD-1 checkpoint blockade significantly improved median survival time. This study offeres a potential nanocarrier combining size-tunable strategy with active targeting ability to increase drug enrichment in glioma and synergizes with PD-1 checkpoint blockade to achieve chemo-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufan Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
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19
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Sun Q, Gong J, Sun Y, Song Y, Liu C, Xu B. The Spontaneous Vesicle-Micelle Transition in a Catanionic Surfactant System: A Chemical Trapping Study. Molecules 2023; 28:6062. [PMID: 37630313 PMCID: PMC10457922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Typically, the formation of vesicles requires the addition of salts or other additives to surfactant micelles. However, in the case of catanionic surfactants, unilamellar vesicles can spontaneously form upon dilution of the micellar solutions. Our study explores the intriguing spontaneous vesicle-to-micelle transition in catanionic surfactant systems, specifically cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium octylsulfonate (SOS). To gain insights into the changes occurring at the interface, we employ a chemical trapping method to characterize variations in the molarities of sulfonate headgroups, water, and bromide ions during the transition. Our findings reveal the formation of ion pairs between the cationic component of CTAB and the anionic component of SOS, leading to tight interfacial packing in CTAB/SOS solutions. This interfacial packing promotes vesicle formation at low surfactant concentrations. Due to the significant difference in critical micelle concentration (cmc) between CTAB and SOS, an increase in the stoichiometric surfactant concentration results in a substantial rise in the SOS-to-CTAB ratio within the interfacial region. This enrichment of SOS in the aggregates triggers the transition from vesicles to micelles. Overall, our study may shed new light on the design of morphologies in catanionic and other surfactant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Changyao Liu
- Department of Daily Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; (Q.S.); (J.G.); (Y.S.); (Y.S.); (B.X.)
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20
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Gram H, Theologidis V, Boesen T, Jensen PH. Sarkosyl differentially solubilizes patient-derived alpha-synuclein fibril strains. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1177556. [PMID: 37621995 PMCID: PMC10445646 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1177556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Insoluble α-synuclein (αSyn) filaments in brain tissue are a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Multiple system atrophy (MSA), and for structural studies, they have for decades been extracted using the detergent sarkosyl. We asked if PD and MSA patient-derived αSyn filament strains display different stability to sarkosyl extraction as this may confound our interpretation of the landscape of structural strains present in patients' tissue. We compared the stability of cerebrospinal fluid-derived strains from four PD and four MSA patients using sedimentation and immunoassays and tested the seeding competence and strain-specific characteristics of the sarkosyl-soluble fractions using a seed amplification assay (SAA) and Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence. We demonstrate that filaments from PD are less resistant to sarkosyl than from MSA after they have been subjected to freezing and sonication. An enhanced release of monomers from PD filaments was the major difference between PD and MSA, but the sarkosyl-soluble fraction released from both PD and MSA filaments contained aggregates that displayed aggregate-specific epitopes and seeding activity with preserved disease-specific strain characteristics. Our results demonstrate that sarkosyl differentially destabilizes patient derived αSyn filament strains, which may compromise our ability to fully appreciate the landscape of αSyn filament currently being uncovered by high resolution cryoEM analyses. This should motivate an effort to develop more gentle extraction protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hjalte Gram
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Theologidis
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Boesen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Jensen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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21
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Guan WL, Jiang LL, Yin XF, Hu HY. PABPN1 aggregation is driven by Ala expansion and poly(A)-RNA binding, leading to CFIm25 sequestration that impairs alternative polyadenylation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105019. [PMID: 37422193 PMCID: PMC10403730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1) is an RNA-binding protein localized in nuclear speckles, while its alanine (Ala)-expanded variants accumulate as intranuclear aggregates in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. The factors that drive PABPN1 aggregation and its cellular consequences remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the roles of Ala stretch and poly(A) RNA in the phase transition of PABPN1 using biochemical and molecular cell biology methods. We have revealed that the Ala stretch controls its mobility in nuclear speckles, and Ala expansion leads to aggregation from the dynamic speckles. Poly(A) nucleotide is essential to the early-stage condensation that thereby facilitates speckle formation and transition to solid-like aggregates. Moreover, the PABPN1 aggregates can sequester CFIm25, a component of the pre-mRNA 3'-UTR processing complex, in an mRNA-dependent manner and consequently impair the function of CFIm25 in alternative polyadenylation. In conclusion, our study elucidates a molecular mechanism underlying PABPN1 aggregation and sequestration, which will be beneficial for understanding PABPN1 proteinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Soni H, Lako I, Placidi M, Cramer SM. Implications of AAV affinity column reuse and vector stability on product quality attributes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023. [PMID: 37485847 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the implications of AAV9 capsid design and column reuse on AAV9 vector product quality were assessed with POROS CaptureSelect (PCS) AAVX and AAV9 resins using sf9 insect cell-derived model AAV9 vectors with varying viral protein (VP) ratios. Chromatographic experiments with purified drug substance AAV9 model feeds indicated consistent vector elution profiles, independent of adeno-associated virus (AAV) VP ratio, or cycle number. In contrast, the presence of process impurities in the clarified lysate feeds resulted in clear changes in the elution patterns. This included increased aggregate content in the vector eluates over multiple cycles as well as clear differences in the performance of these affinity resin systems. The AAV9-serotype specific PCS AAV9 column, with lower vector elution pH, resulted in higher aggregate content over multiple cycles as compared to the serotype-independent PCS AAVX column. Further, the results with vectors of varying VP ratio indicated that while one vector type eluate displayed higher aggregation in both affinity columns over column reuse, the eluate with the other vector type did not exhibit changes in the aggregation profile. Interestingly, vector aggregates in the affinity eluates also contained double-stranded DNA impurities and histone proteins, with similar trends to the aggregate levels. This behavior upon column reuse indicates that these host cell impurities are likely carried over to subsequent runs due to incomplete clean-in-place (CIP). These results indicate that feed impurities, affinity resin characteristics, elution pH, column CIP, and vector stability can impact the reusability of AAV affinity columns and product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal Soni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Ira Lako
- Voyager Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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23
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Klausser R, Kopp J, Prada Brichtova E, Gisperg F, Elshazly M, Spadiut O. State-of-the-art and novel approaches to mild solubilization of inclusion bodies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1249196. [PMID: 37545893 PMCID: PMC10399460 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the twenty-first century, the view on inclusion bodies (IBs) has shifted from undesired by-products towards a targeted production strategy for recombinant proteins. Inclusion bodies can easily be separated from the crude extract after cell lysis and contain the product in high purity. However, additional solubilization and refolding steps are required in the processing of IBs to recover the native protein. These unit operations remain a highly empirical field of research in which processes are developed on a case-by-case basis using elaborate screening strategies. It has been shown that a reduction in denaturant concentration during protein solubilization can increase the subsequent refolding yield due to the preservation of correctly folded protein structures. Therefore, many novel solubilization techniques have been developed in the pursuit of mild solubilization conditions that avoid total protein denaturation. In this respect, ionic liquids have been investigated as promising agents, being able to solubilize amyloid-like aggregates and stabilize correctly folded protein structures at the same time. This review briefly summarizes the state-of-the-art of mild solubilization of IBs and highlights some challenges that prevent these novel techniques from being yet adopted in industry. We suggest mechanistic models based on the thermodynamics of protein unfolding with the aid of molecular dynamics simulations as a possible approach to solve these challenges in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klausser
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Kopp
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Prada Brichtova
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gisperg
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohamed Elshazly
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory IB Processing 4.0, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Vazquez‐Calvo C, Kohler V, Höög JL, Büttner S, Ott M. Newly imported proteins in mitochondria are particularly sensitive to aggregation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e13985. [PMID: 37171464 PMCID: PMC10909475 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM A functional proteome is essential for life and maintained by protein quality control (PQC) systems in the cytosol and organelles. Protein aggregation is an indicator of a decline of PQC linked to aging and disease. Mitochondrial PQC is critical to maintain mitochondrial function and thus cellular fitness. How mitochondria handle aggregated proteins is not well understood. Here we tested how the metabolic status impacts on formation and clearance of aggregates within yeast mitochondria and assessed which proteins are particularly sensitive to denaturation. METHODS Confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, immunoblotting and genetics were applied to assess mitochondrial aggregate handling in response to heat shock and ethanol using the mitochondrial disaggregase Hsp78 as a marker for protein aggregates. RESULTS We show that aggregates formed upon heat or ethanol stress with different dynamics depending on the metabolic state. While fermenting cells displayed numerous small aggregates that coalesced into one large foci that was resistant to clearance, respiring cells showed less aggregates and cleared these aggregates more efficiently. Acute inhibition of mitochondrial translation had no effect, while preventing protein import into mitochondria by inhibition of cytosolic translation prevented aggregate formation. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data show that the metabolic state of the cells impacts the dynamics of aggregate formation and clearance, and that mainly newly imported and not yet assembled proteins are prone to form aggregates. Because mitochondrial functionality is crucial for cellular metabolism, these results highlight the importance of efficient protein biogenesis to maintain the mitochondrial proteome operational during metabolic adaptations and cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Vazquez‐Calvo
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Verena Kohler
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Johanna L. Höög
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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25
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Herman CE, Min L, Choe LH, Maurer RW, Xu X, Ghose S, Lee KH, Lenhoff AM. Analytical characterization of host-cell-protein-rich aggregates in monoclonal antibody solutions. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3343. [PMID: 37020359 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Host-cell proteins (HCPs) and high molecular weight (HMW) species have historically been treated as independent classes of impurities in the downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but recent indications suggest that they may be partially linked. We have explored this connection with a shotgun proteomic analysis of HMW impurities that were isolated from harvest cell culture fluid (HCCF) and protein A eluate using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). As part of the proteomic analysis, a cross-digest study was performed in which samples were analyzed using both the standard and native digest techniques to enable a fair comparison between bioprocess pools. This comparison reveals that the HCP profiles of HCCF and protein A eluate overlap substantially more than previous work has suggested, because hundreds of HCPs are conserved in aggregates that may be up to ~50 nm in hydrodynamic radius and that persist through the protein A capture step. Quantitative SWATH proteomics suggests that the majority of the protein A eluate's HCP mass is found in such aggregates, and this is corroborated by ELISA measurements on SEC fractions. The SWATH data also show that intra-aggregate concentrations of individual HCPs are positively correlated between aggregates that were isolated from HCCF and protein A eluate, and species that have generally been considered difficult to remove tend to be more concentrated than their counterparts. These observations support prior hypotheses regarding aggregate-mediated HCP persistence through protein A chromatography and highlight the importance of this persistence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase E Herman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Lie Min
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Leila H Choe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Ronald W Maurer
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Massachusetts, 01434, Devens, USA
| | - Xuankuo Xu
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Massachusetts, 01434, Devens, USA
| | - Sanchayita Ghose
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Massachusetts, 01434, Devens, USA
| | - Kelvin H Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
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Chekli Y, Stevick RJ, Kornobis E, Briolat V, Ghigo JM, Beloin C. Escherichia coli Aggregates Mediated by Native or Synthetic Adhesins Exhibit Both Core and Adhesin-Specific Transcriptional Responses. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0069023. [PMID: 37039668 PMCID: PMC10269875 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00690-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can rapidly tune their physiology and metabolism to adapt to environmental fluctuations. In particular, they can adapt their lifestyle to the close proximity of other bacteria or the presence of different surfaces. However, whether these interactions trigger transcriptomic responses is poorly understood. We used a specific setup of E. coli strains expressing native or synthetic adhesins mediating bacterial aggregation to study the transcriptomic changes of aggregated compared to nonaggregated bacteria. Our results show that, following aggregation, bacteria exhibit a core response independent of the adhesin type, with differential expression of 56.9% of the coding genome, including genes involved in stress response and anaerobic lifestyle. Moreover, when aggregates were formed via a naturally expressed E. coli adhesin (antigen 43), the transcriptomic response of the bacteria was more exaggerated than that of aggregates formed via a synthetic adhesin. This suggests that the response to aggregation induced by native E. coli adhesins could have been finely tuned during bacterial evolution. Our study therefore provides insights into the effect of self-interaction in bacteria and allows a better understanding of why bacterial aggregates exhibit increased stress tolerance. IMPORTANCE The formation of bacterial aggregates has an important role in both clinical and ecological contexts. Although these structures have been previously shown to be more resistant to stressful conditions, the genetic basis of this stress tolerance associated with the aggregate lifestyle is poorly understood. Surface sensing mediated by different adhesins can result in various changes in bacterial physiology. However, whether adhesin-adhesin interactions, as well as the type of adhesin mediating aggregation, affect bacterial cell physiology is unknown. By sequencing the transcriptomes of aggregated and nonaggregated cells expressing native or synthetic adhesins, we characterized the effects of aggregation and adhesin type on E. coli physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankel Chekli
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Rebecca J. Stevick
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Kornobis
- Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique-Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
- Plate-forme Technologique Biomics—Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Briolat
- Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique-Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
- Plate-forme Technologique Biomics—Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ghigo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Beloin
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
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Yao Q, Mascarenhas Dos Santos AC, Zhang H, Mañas A, Hussaini A, Kim U, Xu C, Basheer S, Tasaki S, Xiang J. Unconventional Source of Neurotoxic Protein Aggregation from Organelle Off-Target Bax∆2 in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:970. [PMID: 37371550 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregates are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Extensive studies have focused on β-amyloid plaques and Tau tangles. Here, we illustrate a novel source of protein aggregates in AD neurons from organelle off-target proteins. Bax is a mitochondrial pore-forming pro-death protein. What happens to Bax if it fails to target mitochondria? We previously showed that a mitochondrial target-deficient alternatively spliced variant, Bax∆2, formed large cytosolic protein aggregates and triggered caspase 8-mediated cell death. Bax∆2 protein levels were low in most normal organs and the proteins were quickly degraded in cancer. Here, we found that 85% of AD patients had Bax∆2 required alternative splicing. Increased Bax∆2 proteins were mostly accumulated in neurons of AD-susceptible brain regions. Intracellularly, Bax∆2 aggregates distributed independently of Tau tangles. Interestingly, Bax∆2 aggregates triggered the formation of stress granules (SGs), a large protein-RNA complex involved in AD pathogenesis. Although the functional domains required for aggregation and cell death are the same as in cancer cells, Bax∆2 relied on SGs, not caspase 8, for neuronal cell death. These results imply that the aggregation of organelle off-target proteins, such as Bax∆2, broadens the scope of traditional AD pathogenic proteins that contribute to the neuronal stress responses and AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yao
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | | | - Huaiyuan Zhang
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Adriana Mañas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22381 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ammarah Hussaini
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Ujin Kim
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Congtai Xu
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Sana Basheer
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Shinya Tasaki
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jialing Xiang
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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Taha M, Arnaud T, Lightly TJ, Peters D, Wang L, Chen W, Cook BWM, Theriault SS, Abdelbary H. Combining bacteriophage and vancomycin is efficacious against MRSA biofilm-like aggregates formed in synovial fluid. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1134912. [PMID: 37359001 PMCID: PMC10289194 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1134912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biofilm formation is a major clinical challenge contributing to treatment failure of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Lytic bacteriophages (phages) can target biofilm associated bacteria at localized sites of infection. The aim of this study is to investigate whether combination therapy of phage and vancomycin is capable of clearing Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-like aggregates formed in human synovial fluid. Methods In this study, S. aureus BP043, a PJI clinical isolate was utilized. This strain is a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) biofilm-former. Phage Remus, known to infect S. aureus, was selected for the treatment protocol. BP043 was grown as aggregates in human synovial fluid. The characterization of S. aureus aggregates was assessed for structure and size using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flow cytometry, respectively. Moreover, the formed aggregates were subsequently treated in vitro with: (a) phage Remus [∼108 plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml], (b) vancomycin (500 μg/ml), or (c) phage Remus (∼108 PFU/ml) followed by vancomycin (500 μg/ml), for 48 h. Bacterial survival was quantified by enumeration [colony-forming units (CFU)/ml]. The efficacy of phage and vancomycin against BP043 aggregates was assessed in vivo as individual treatments and in combination. The in vivo model utilized Galleria mellonella larvae which were infected with BP043 aggregates pre-formed in synovial fluid. Results Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and flow cytometry data demonstrated the ability of human synovial fluid to promote formation of S. aureus aggregates. Treatment with Remus resulted in significant reduction in viable S. aureus residing within the synovial fluid aggregates compared to the aggregates that did not receive Remus (p < 0.0001). Remus was more efficient in eliminating viable bacteria within the aggregates compared to vancomycin (p < 0.0001). Combination treatment of Remus followed by vancomycin was more efficacious in reducing bacterial load compared to using either Remus or vancomycin alone (p = 0.0023, p < 0.0001, respectively). When tested in vivo, this combination treatment also resulted in the highest survival rate (37%) 96 h post-treatment, compared to untreated larvae (3%; p < 0.0001). Conclusion We demonstrate that combining phage Remus and vancomycin led to synergistic interaction against MRSA biofilm-like aggregates in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Taha
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tia Arnaud
- Cytophage Technologies Inc., Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Danielle Peters
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Cell Biology and Image Acquisition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | | | - Steven S. Theriault
- Cytophage Technologies Inc., Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hesham Abdelbary
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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29
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Liang Z, Nilsson M, Kragh KN, Hedal I, Alcàcer-Almansa J, Kiilerich RO, Andersen JB, Tolker-Nielsen T. The role of individual exopolysaccharides in antibiotic tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa aggregates. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1187708. [PMID: 37333638 PMCID: PMC10272609 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1187708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is involved in chronic infections of cystic fibrosis lungs and chronic wounds. In these infections the bacteria are present as aggregates suspended in host secretions. During the course of the infections there is a selection for mutants that overproduce exopolysaccharides, suggesting that the exopolysaccharides play a role in the persistence and antibiotic tolerance of the aggregated bacteria. Here, we investigated the role of individual P. aeruginosa exopolysaccharides in aggregate-associated antibiotic tolerance. We employed an aggregate-based antibiotic tolerance assay on a set of P. aeruginosa strains that were genetically engineered to over-produce a single, none, or all of the three exopolysaccharides Pel, Psl, and alginate. The antibiotic tolerance assays were conducted with the clinically relevant antibiotics tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and meropenem. Our study suggests that alginate plays a role in the tolerance of P. aeruginosa aggregates toward tobramycin and meropenem, but not ciprofloxacin. However, contrary to previous studies we did not observe a role for Psl or Pel in the tolerance of P. aeruginosa aggregates toward tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liang
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Nilsson
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Nørskov Kragh
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Hedal
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Júlia Alcàcer-Almansa
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bacterial Infections: Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rikke Overgaard Kiilerich
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Bo Andersen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Morishima K, Inoue R, Sugiyama M. Derivation of the small-angle scattering profile of a target biomacromolecule from a profile deteriorated by aggregates. AUC-SAS. J Appl Crystallogr 2023; 56:624-632. [PMID: 37284265 PMCID: PMC10241049 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576723002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregates cause a fatal problem in the structural analysis of a biomacro-mol-ecule in solution using small-angle X-ray or neutron scattering (SAS): they deteriorate the scattering profile of the target molecule and lead to an incorrect structure. Recently, an integrated method of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) and SAS, abbreviated AUC-SAS, was developed as a new approach to overcome this problem. However, the original version of AUC-SAS does not offer a correct scattering profile of the target molecule when the weight fraction of aggregates is higher than ca 10%. In this study, the obstacle point in the original AUC-SAS approach is identified. The improved AUC-SAS method is then applicable to a solution with a relatively larger weight fraction of aggregates (≤20%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Morishima
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashironishi, Kumatori, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Rintaro Inoue
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashironishi, Kumatori, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sugiyama
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashironishi, Kumatori, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
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Vallabhaneni H, Shah T, Shah P, Hursh DA. Suspension culture on microcarriers and as aggregates enables expansion and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Cytotherapy 2023:S1465-3249(23)00933-7. [PMID: 37256241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold a great promise for promoting regenerative medical therapies due to their ability to generate multiple mature cell types and for their high expansion potential. However, cell therapies require large numbers of cells to achieve desired therapeutic effects, and traditional two-dimensional static culture methods cannot meet the required production demand for cellular therapies. One solution to this problem is scaling up expansion of PSCs in bioreactors using culture strategies such as growing cells on microcarriers or as aggregates in suspension culture. METHODS In this study, we directly compared PSC expansion and quality parameters in microcarrier- and aggregate-cultures grown in single-use vertical-wheel bioreactors. RESULTS We showed comparable expansion of cells on microcarriers and as aggregates by day 6 with a cell density reaching 2.2 × 106 cells/mL and 1.8 × 106 cells/mL and a fold-expansion of 22- and 18-fold, respectively. PSCs cultured on microcarriers and as aggregates were comparable with parallel two-dimensional cultures and with each other in terms of pluripotency marker expression and retention of other pluripotency characteristics as well as differentiation potential into three germ layers, neural precursor cells and cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our study did not demonstrate a clear advantage between the two three-dimensional methods for the quality parameters assessed. This analysis adds support to the use of bioreactor systems for large scale expansion of PSCs, demonstrating that the cells retain key characteristics of PSCs and differentiation potential in suspension culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Vallabhaneni
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissue and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
| | - Tanvi Shah
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissue and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Parthiv Shah
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissue and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Deborah A Hursh
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissue and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
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Sauna ZE, Jawa V, Balu-Iyer S, Chirmule N. Understanding preclinical and clinical immunogenicity risks in novel biotherapeutics development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151888. [PMID: 37251396 PMCID: PMC10213690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogenicity continues to pose a challenge in the development of biotherapeutics like conventional therapeutic-proteins and monoclonal antibodies as well as emerging modalities such as gene-therapy components, gene editing, and CAR T cells. The approval of any therapeutic is based on a benefit-risk evaluation. Most biotherapeutics address serious medical conditions where the standard of care has a poor outcome. Consequently, even if immunogenicity limits the utility of the therapeutic in a sub-set of patients, the benefit-risk assessment skews in favor of approval. Some cases resulted in the discontinuation of biotherapeutics due to immunogenicity during drug development processes, This special issue presents a platform for review articles offering a critical assessment of accumulated knowledge as well as novel findings related to nonclinical risks that extend our understanding of the immunogenicity of biotherapeutics. Some of the studies in this collection leveraged assays and methodologies refined over decades to support more clinically relevant biological samples. Others have applied rapidly advancing methodologies in pathway-specific analyses to immunogenicity. Similarly, the reviews address urgent issues such as the rapidly emerging cell and gene therapies which hold immense promise but could have limited reach as a significant number of the patient population could potentially not benefit due to immunogenicity. In addition to summarizing the work presented in this special issue we have endeavored to identify areas where additional studies are required to understand the risks of immunogenicity and develop appropriate mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuben E. Sauna
- Hemostasis Branch, Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Vibha Jawa
- Disposition and Bioanalysis, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Sathy Balu-Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. The disease, characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric impairments, is caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Despite the discovery of the mutation in 1993, no disease-modifying treatments are yet available. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in HD is therefore crucial for the development of novel treatments. Emerging research has found that HD might be classified as a secondary tauopathy, with the presence of tau insoluble aggregates in late HD. Increased total tau protein levels have been observed in both HD patients and animal models of HD. Tau hyperphosphorylation, the main feature of tau pathology, has also been investigated and our own published results suggest that the protein phosphorylation machinery is dysregulated in the early stages of HD in R6/1 transgenic mice, primarily in the cortex and striatum. Protein phosphorylation, catalysed by kinases, regulates numerous cellular mechanisms and has been shown to be dysregulated in other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. While it is still unclear how the mutation in the huntingtin gene leads to tau dysregulation in HD, several hypotheses have been explored. Evidence suggests that the mutant huntingtin does not directly interact with tau, but instead interacts with tau kinases, phosphatases, and proteins involved in tau alternative splicing, which could result in tau dysregulation as observed in HD. Altogether, there is increasing evidence that tau is undergoing pathological changes in HD and may be a good therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaline Mees
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rebecca Nisbet
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anthony Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Zyryanov GV, Kopchuk DS, Kovalev IS, Santra S, Majee A, Ranu BC. Pillararenes as Promising Carriers for Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065167. [PMID: 36982244 PMCID: PMC10049520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in 2008 by N. Ogoshi and co-authors, pillararenes (PAs) have become popular hosts for molecular recognition and supramolecular chemistry, as well as other practical applications. The most useful property of these fascinating macrocycles is their ability to accommodate reversibly guest molecules of various kinds, including drugs or drug-like molecules, in their highly ordered rigid cavity. The last two features of pillararenes are widely used in various pillararene-based molecular devices and machines, stimuli-responsive supramolecular/host-guest systems, porous/nonporous materials, organic-inorganic hybrid systems, catalysis, and, finally, drug delivery systems. In this review, the most representative and important results on using pillararenes for drug delivery systems for the last decade are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory V Zyryanov
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Street, 620219 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kopchuk
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Street, 620219 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor S Kovalev
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Street, 620219 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sougata Santra
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Adinath Majee
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Brindaban C Ranu
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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van de Langerijt TM, O'Mahony JA, Crowley SV. Structural, Binding and Functional Properties of Milk Protein-Polyphenol Systems: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36903537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols (PP) are linked to health benefits (e.g., prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease and obesity), which are mainly attributed to their antioxidant activity. During digestion, PP are oxidised to a significant degree reducing their bio-functionality. In recent years, the potential of various milk protein systems, including β-casein micelles, β-lactoglobulin aggregates, blood serum albumin aggregates, native casein micelles and re-assembled casein micelles, to bind and protect PP have been investigated. These studies have yet to be systematically reviewed. The functional properties of the milk protein-PP systems depend on the type and concentration of both PP and protein, as well as the structure of the resultant complexes, with environmental and processing factors also having an influence. Milk protein systems protect PP from degradation during digestion, resulting in a higher bioaccessibility and bioavailability, which improve the functional properties of PP upon consumption. This review compares different milk protein systems in terms of physicochemical properties, PP binding performance and ability to enhance the bio-functional properties of PP. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview on the structural, binding, and functional properties of milk protein-polyphenol systems. It is concluded that milk protein complexes function effectively as delivery systems for PP, protecting PP from oxidation during digestion.
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Saporito-Magriña C, Facio ML, Lopez-Montañana L, Pagano G, Repetto MG. Copper-induced aggregation of IgG: a potential driving force for the formation of circulating protein aggregates. Metallomics 2023; 15:7017846. [PMID: 36722151 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a highly reactive element involved in a myriad of biological reactions. Thus, while essential for mammalian cells, its concentrations must be kept in check in order to avoid toxicity. This metal participates in redox reactions and may exacerbate oxidative stress in aerobic organisms. Nonetheless, the actual driving force of copper-induced cell death is yet unknown. Likely, free copper ions may target different biomolecules that are crucial for the proper functioning of an organism. In this work, we show that free copper induces protein aggregation in serum. The wide set of proteins present in these biological samples are not equally prone to copper-induced aggregation and some, such as albumin, are highly resistant, whereas γ-globulins are highly sensitive. The identity of the proteins in the aggregates becomes fairly homogeneous as metal concentrations go as low as 20 μM. The identification of the proteins by mass spectrometry indicates a preponderance of IgG and a minor presence of other different proteins. Therefore, free copper in blood may contribute to the formation of circulating protein aggregates with a core of IgG. This may impact health not only due to the activity of aggregated IgG but also due to the many proteins co-aggregated. Understanding whether the γ-globulin core and the heterogeneous subgroup of proteins elicit differential responses in the organisms requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Saporito-Magriña
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
| | - María Laura Facio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Laboratorio de Proteínas, Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Lila Lopez-Montañana
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Pagano
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Marisa Gabriela Repetto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires 1113AAD, Argentina
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Diao H, Lu Y, Ling Y, Shen Y, Yu J, Ma K. Self-Assembly of Peptide: Structure, Function, and Advanced Application in Biomedicine. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:640-651. [PMID: 36788692 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230213152259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of peptides is very popular in biomedical fields. Peptide-based assemblies have been used as an ideal candidate for drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, and antibacterial/anticancer agents. The morphology and structure of peptide self-assembly can be changed by altering the molecular structure and the self-assembly conditions. Engineering peptide assemblies present great potential in medical fields. In this review, the structure and function of peptide self-assembly were described. And the advances of peptide-based self-assembly were highlighted in biomedical applications, such as drug packaging and delivery, tissue engineering, antibacterial agents, siRNA targeted delivery and vaccines. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of the self-assembly of polypeptides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Diao
- School of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yunhua Lu
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Applications Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of System Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Yingjie Shen
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Applications Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Jingmou Yu
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Applications Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of System Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Kun Ma
- School of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
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Zhu M, Zeng L, Li Z, Wang C, Wu L, Jiang X. Revealing the Nanoarchitectonics of Amyloid β-Aggregation on Two-Dimensional Biomimetic Membranes by Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202200253. [PMID: 36744594 PMCID: PMC9906390 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vivo folding of amyloid β (Aβ) is influenced by many factors among which biomembrane interfaces play an important role. Here, using surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the adsorption, structure, and morphology of Aβ42 aggregating on different two-dimensional interfaces were investigated. Results show that interfaces facilitate the aggregation of Aβ42 and are conducive to the formation of homogeneous aggregates, while the aggregates vary on different interfaces. On hydrophobic interfaces, strong hydrophobic interactions with the C-terminus of Aβ42 result in the formation of small oligomers with a small proportion of the β-sheet structure. On hydrophilic interfaces, hydrogen-bonding interactions and electrostatic interactions promote the formation of large aggregate particles with β-sheet structure. The hydration repulsion plays an important role in the interaction of Aβ42 with interfaces. These findings help to understand the nature of Aβ42 adsorption and aggregation on the biomembrane interface and the origin of heterogeneity and polymorphism of Aβ42 aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
| | - Zihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Lie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
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Samperi M, Vittorio S, De Luca L, Romeo A, Monsù Scolaro L. Interaction of Aggregated Cationic Porphyrins with Human Serum Albumin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of an equilibrium mixture of monomeric and aggregated cationic trans-5,15-bis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-10,15-bis-diphenylporphine (t-H2Pagg) chloride salt with human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated through UV/Vis absorption, fluorescence emission, circular dichroism and resonant light scattering techniques. The spectroscopic evidence reveals that both the monomeric t-H2Pagg and its aggregates bind instantaneously to HSA, leading to the formation of a tight adduct in which the porphyrin is encapsulated within the protein scaffold (S430) and to clusters of aggregated porphyrins in electrostatic interaction with the charged biomolecules. These latter species eventually interconvert into the final S430 species following pseudo-first-order kinetics. Molecular docking simulations have been performed to get some insights into the nature of the final adduct. Analogously to hemin bound to HSA, the obtained model supports favorable interactions of the porphyrin in the same 1B subdomain of the protein. Hydrophobic and van der Waals energy terms are the main contributions to the calculated ΔGbind value of -117.24 kcal/mol.
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40
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Abstract
Understanding the nature of organic matter flux in the ocean remains a major goal of oceanography because it impacts some of the most important processes in the ocean. Sinking particles are important for carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and its movement to the deep ocean. They also feed life below the ocean's productive surface and sustain life in the deep sea, in addition to depositing organic matter on the seafloor. However, the magnitude of all of these processes is dependent on the transformation of sinking particles during their journey through the water column. This review focuses on the movement of organic matter from the surface ocean to the deep sea via the biological carbon pump and examines the processes that prevent this downward movement-namely, attenuation via microbial colonization and zooplankton feeding. It also discusses how the depth-specific interactions among microbes, zooplankton, and aggregates determine carbon export as well as nutrient recycling, which in turn impact ocean production and Earth's climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten H Iversen
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany;
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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41
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Piasecki P, Wiatr K, Ruszkowski M, Marczak Ł, Trottier Y, Figiel M. Impaired interactions of ataxin-3 with protein complexes reveals their specific structure and functions in SCA3 Ki150 model. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1122308. [PMID: 37033372 PMCID: PMC10080164 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1122308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3/MJD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by CAG expansion in mutant ATXN3 gene. The resulting PolyQ tract in mutant ataxin-3 protein is toxic to neurons and currently no effective treatment exists. Function of both normal and mutant ataxin-3 is pleiotropic by their interactions and the influence on protein level. Our new preclinical Ki150 model with over 150 CAG/Q in ataxin-3 has robust aggregates indicating the presence of a process that enhances the interaction between proteins. Interactions in large complexes may resemble the real-life inclusion interactions and was never examined before for mutant and normal ataxin-3 and in homozygous mouse model with long polyQ tract. We fractionated ataxin-3-positive large complexes and independently we pulled-down ataxin-3 from brain lysates, and both were followed by proteomics. Among others, mutant ataxin-3 abnormally interacted with subunits of large complexes such as Cct5 and 6, Tcp1, and Camk2a and Camk2b. Surprisingly, the complexes exhibit circular molecular structure which may be linked to the process of aggregates formation where annular aggregates are intermediate stage to fibrils which may indicate novel ataxin-3 mode of interactions. The protein complexes were involved in transport of mitochondria in axons which was confirmed by altered motility of mitochondria along SCA3 Ki150 neurites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piasecki
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kalina Wiatr
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Milosz Ruszkowski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Yvon Trottier
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Maciej Figiel
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Maciej Figiel,
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Lee HS, Na YJ, Kim CH, Shin JY. Multifaceted Excited State Dynamics of Coumarin Dyes Anchored on Al 2O 3 Film. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010111. [PMID: 36615303 PMCID: PMC9821847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The co-facially stacked dyes on semiconductor films serve as an alternative model to elucidate the photo-driven exciton dynamics occurring in a molecular assembly. In this study, we report the unique emission properties of coumarin dye adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor film, measured by ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence. When a rigid coumarin derivative, 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (OHCCA), is anchored on the Al2O3 film, the dye manifests dual emissions from the two lowest excited states. Various anchoring modes of a carboxylic acid group on the Al2O3 surface are invoked to account for the unusual emission process. Additionally, we identified characteristic transition dipole interactions in the well-stacked dye aggregates, which leads to discernible excitonic splitting in the electronic transitions. Femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence reveals that the excimer formation in the aggregate occurs with the time constant of 550 fs. Picosecond time-resolved emission spectra confirm the subsequent structural relaxations of the nascent excimer. The enhanced transition dipole via the electronic coupling between OHCCA and metal oxide can be responsible for the dual emission and the ultrafast excimer formation.
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Ramos Y, Sansone S, Hwang SM, Sandoval TA, Zhu M, Zhang G, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Morales DK. Remodeling of the Enterococcal Cell Envelope during Surface Penetration Promotes Intrinsic Resistance to Stress. mBio 2022; 13:e0229422. [PMID: 36354750 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02294-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a normal commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT). However, upon disruption of gut homeostasis, this nonmotile bacterium can egress from its natural niche and spread to distal organs. While this translocation process can lead to life-threatening systemic infections, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Our prior work showed that E. faecalis migration across diverse surfaces requires the formation of matrix-covered multicellular aggregates and the synthesis of exopolysaccharides, but how enterococcal cells are reprogrammed during this process is unknown. Whether surface penetration endows E. faecalis with adaptive advantages is also uncertain. Here, we report that surface penetration promotes the generation of a metabolically and phenotypically distinct E. faecalis population with an enhanced capacity to endure various forms of extracellular stress. Surface-invading enterococci demonstrated major ultrastructural alterations in their cell envelope characterized by increased membrane glycolipid content. These changes were accompanied by marked induction of specific transcriptional programs enhancing cell envelope biogenesis and glycolipid metabolism. Notably, the surface-invading population demonstrated superior tolerance to membrane-damaging antimicrobials, including daptomycin and β-defensins produced by epithelial cells. Genetic mutations impairing glycolipid biosynthesis sensitized E. faecalis to envelope stressors and reduced the ability of this bacterium to penetrate semisolid surfaces and translocate through human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Our study reveals that surface penetration induces distinct transcriptional, metabolic, and ultrastructural changes that equip E. faecalis with enhanced capacity to resist external stressors and thrive in its surrounding environment. IMPORTANCE Enterococcus faecalis inhabits the GIT of multiple organisms, where its establishment could be mediated by the formation of biofilm-like aggregates. In susceptible individuals, this bacterium can overgrow and breach intestinal barriers, a process that may lead to lethal systemic infections. While the formation of multicellular aggregates promotes E. faecalis migration across surfaces, little is known about the metabolic and physiological states of the enterococci encased in these surface-penetrating structures. The present study reveals that E. faecalis cells capable of migrating through semisolid surfaces genetically reprogram their metabolism toward increased cell envelope and glycolipid biogenesis, which confers superior tolerance to membrane-damaging agents. E. faecalis's success as a pathobiont depends on its antimicrobial resistance, as well as on its rapid adaptability to overcome multiple environmental challenges. Thus, targeting adaptive genetic and/or metabolic pathways induced during E. faecalis surface penetration may be useful to better confront infections by this bacterium in the clinic.
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Zhao J, Han M, Wu Q, Mao X, Zhang J, Lu Z. Effect of Oxidative Modification by Peroxyl Radical on the Characterization and Identification of Oxidative Aggregates and In Vitro Digestion Products of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protein Isolates. Foods 2022; 11. [PMID: 36553844 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Walnut protein is a key plant protein resource due to its high nutritional value, but walnuts are prone to oxidation during storage and processing. This article explored the oxidative modification and digestion mechanism of walnut protein isolates by peroxyl radical and obtained new findings. SDS-PAGE and spectral analysis were used to identify structural changes in the protein after oxidative modification, and LC-MS/MS was used to identify the digestion products. The findings demonstrated that as the AAPH concentration increased, protein carbonyl content increased from 2.36 to 5.12 nmol/mg, while free sulfhydryl content, free amino content, and surface hydrophobicity decreased from 4.30 nmol/mg, 1.47 μmol/mg, and 167.92 to 1.72 nmol/mg, 1.13 μmol/mg, and 40.93 nmol/mg, respectively. Furthermore, the result of Tricine-SDS-PAGE in vitro digestion revealed that protein oxidation could cause gastric digestion resistance and a tendency for intestinal digestion promotion. Carbonyl content increased dramatically during the early stages of gastric digestion and again after 90 min of intestine digestion, and LC-MS/MS identified the last digestive products of the stomach and intestine as essential seed storage proteins. Oxidation causes walnut proteins to form aggregates, which are then re-oxidized during digestion, and proper oxidative modification may benefit intestinal digestion.
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Wang K, Shi Y, Li Z. Colorful Luminescence of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Induced by Molecular Weight. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245372. [PMID: 36559738 PMCID: PMC9785289 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their distinctive intrinsic advantages, the nanoaggregates of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are fascinating and attractive for various luminescence applications. Generally, the emission luminescence of CPEs is determined by the conjugated backbone structure, i.e., different conjugated backbones of CPEs produce emission luminescence with different emission wavelength bands. Here, we polymerized the bis(boronic ester) of benzothiadiazole and an alkyl sulfonate sodium-substituted dibromobenzothiatriazole to provide PBTBTz-SO3Na with different molecular weights via controlling the ratio of the monomer and the catalyst. Theoretically, the CPEs with the same molecular structure usually display similar photoelectronic performances. However, the resulting PBTBTz-SO3Na reveal a similar light absorption property, but different luminescence. The higher molecular weight is, the stronger the fluorescence intensity of PBTBTz-SO3Na that occurs. PBTBTz-SO3Na with different molecular weights have different colors of luminescence. It is well known that the molecular aggregates often led to weaker luminescent properties for most of the conjugated polymers. However, PBTBTz-SO3Na exhibits a higher molecular weight with an increasing molecular chain aggregation, i.e., the nanoaggregates of PBTBTz-SO3Na are beneficial to emission luminescence. This work provides a new possible chemical design of CPEs with a controllable, variable luminescence for further optoelectronics and biomedicine applications.
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Alqahtani FK. A Sustainable Alternative for Green Structural Lightweight Concrete: Performance Evaluation. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8621. [PMID: 36500119 PMCID: PMC9739976 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of structural lightweight concrete in the construction industry is on the rise in the last few decades mainly because of the higher strength per unit density, as it reduces the total deal load of the structural elements as compared with normal strength concrete. In addition, the environmental concerns of the concrete industry have gained supreme importance in recent times, demanding vital and effectual steps. In this regard, the current study was carried out to formulate an alternative approach for producing a sustainable lightweight structural concrete. The study followed two stages: initially, the selection of optimized manmade plastic aggregates based on trial concrete mixes, and finally, to gauge the physical-, mechanical- and durability related properties of the concretes integrating optimized manmade aggregate series at different replacement fractions. As a result of the first phase: two aggregate series out of eight were selected based on the compressive strength and durability properties of their concretes. In the next stage, all the properties for the optimized aggregate concrete were analyzed in terms of compressive strength. It was noted that the physical, mechanical and chloride penetration resistances have generally displayed a decreasing trend, with an increase in the manmade plastic aggregate replacement fractions as compared with reference lightweight concrete. However, the two aggregates, i.e., 70% DS-30% LLDPE and 50% QF-50% PET at the replacement fractions of 25% and 100%, were found to be the best two contenders that fulfilled the criteria for structural lightweight concrete, i.e., ASTMC330/C330M-14, and were proposed for structural lightweight purposes with low and relatively high strength and chloride resistance-based durability requirements, respectively. In addition, the brittleness ratios and structural efficiency parameters for the concretes of the 70% DS-30% LLDPE and 50% QF-50% PET also supplemented the aforementioned findings. Overall, this study presents a sustainable approach for the effective utilization of plastic waste for producing structural lightweight concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad K Alqahtani
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Christiansen SN, Østergaard M, Slot O, Fana V, Terslev L. Retrospective longitudinal assessment of ultrasound gout lesions using the OMERACT semi-quantitative scoring system. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4711-4721. [PMID: 35298610 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the responsiveness of gout-specific US lesions representing urate deposition in patients receiving treat-to-target urate-lowering therapy using a binary and the OMERACT-defined semi-quantitative scoring systems; (ii) to determine the most responsive US measure for urate deposition and the optimal joint/tendon set for monitoring this. METHODS US (28 joints, 14 tendons) was performed in microscopically verified gout patients initiating/increasing urate-lowering therapy and repeated after 6 and 12 months. Static images/videos of pathologies were stored and scored binarily and semi-quantitatively for tophus, double contour sign (DC) and aggregates. Lesion scores were calculated at patient level, as were combined crystal sum scores. Responsiveness of lesions-scored binarily and semi-quantitatively-was calculated at both patient and joint/tendon levels. RESULTS Sixty-three patients underwent longitudinal evaluation. The static images/videos assessed retrospectively showed statistically significant decreases in tophus and DC, when scored binarily and semi-quantitatively, whereas aggregates were almost unchanged during follow-up. The responsiveness of the semi-quantitative tophus and DC sum scores were markedly higher than when using binary scoring. The most responsive measure for urate deposition was a combined semi-quantitative tophus-DC-sum score. A feasible joint/tendon set for monitoring included knee and first-second MTP joints and peroneus and distal patella tendons (all bilateral), representing the most prevalent and responsive sites. CONCLUSION The OMERACT consensus-based semi-quantitative US gout scoring system showed longitudinal validity with both tophus and DC being highly responsive to treatment when assessed in static images/videos. A responsive US measure for urate deposition and a feasible joint/tendon set for monitoring were proposed and may prove valuable in future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nysom Christiansen
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre for Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup
| | - Mikkel Østergaard
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre for Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Slot
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre for Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup
| | - Viktoria Fana
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre for Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup
| | - Lene Terslev
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre for Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gilmore BF, McDougald D, Beloin C. Editorial: Insights in biofilms: 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1093692. [PMID: 36506017 PMCID: PMC9727399 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1093692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F. Gilmore
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Biofilm Research Group, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Diane McDougald
- Australian Institute for Microbiology & Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christophe Beloin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, UMR CNRS 6047, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Christophe Beloin,
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Lassen LB, Thomsen MS, Basso E, Füchtbauer EM, Füchtbauer A, Outeiro TF, Jensen PH, Moos T. Mutation of Tyrosine Sites in the Human Alpha-Synuclein Gene Induces Neurotoxicity in Transgenic Mice with Soluble Alpha-Synuclein Oligomer Formation. Cells 2022; 11. [PMID: 36429099 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of α-synuclein with tyrosine mutated to phenylalanine at position 125 leads to a severe phenotype with motor impairment and neuropathology in Drosophila. Here, we hypothesized that tyrosine mutations would similarly lead to impaired motor performance with neuropathology in a rodent model. In transgenic mice (ASO), tyrosines at positions 125, 133, and 136 in human α-synuclein were mutated to phenylalanine and cloned into a Thy1.2 expression vector, which was used to create transgenic mouse lines on a mixed genetic background TgN(Thy-1-SNCA-YF)4Emfu (YF). The YF mice had a decreased lifespan and displayed a dramatic motor phenotype with paralysis of both hind- and forelegs. Post-translational modification of α-synuclein due to phosphorylation of serine 129 is often seen in inclusions in the brains of patients with α-synucleinopathies. We observed a slight but significant increase in phosphorylation of serine 129 in the cytosol in YF mice compared to age-matched human α-synuclein transgenic mice (ASO). Conversely, significantly decreased phosphorylation of serine 129 was seen in synaptosomes of YF mice that also contained higher amounts of soluble oligomers. YF mice deposited full-length α-synuclein aggregates in neurons widespread in the CNS with the main occurrence in the forebrain structures of the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, and limbic structures. Full-length α-synuclein labeling was also prominent in many nuclear regions of the brain stem, deep cerebellar nuclei, and cerebellar cortex. The study shows that the substitution of tyrosines to phenylalanine in α-synuclein at positions 125, 133, and 136 leads to severe toxicity in vivo. An insignificant change upon tyrosine substitution suggests that the phosphorylation of serine 129 is not the cause of the toxicity.
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Taranu BO, Fagadar-Cosma E. The pH Influence on the Water-Splitting Electrocatalytic Activity of Graphite Electrodes Modified with Symmetrically Substituted Metalloporphyrins. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3788. [PMID: 36364562 PMCID: PMC9656975 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen, considered to be an alternative fuel to traditional fossil fuels, can be generated by splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen via the use of electrical energy, in a process whose efficiency depends directly on the employed catalytic material. The current study takes part in the relentless search for suitable and low-cost catalysts relevant to the water-splitting field by investigating the electrocatalytic properties of the O2 and H2 evolution reactions (OER and HER) of two metalloporphyrins: Zn(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)-porphyrin and Co(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)-porphyrin. The TEM/STEM characterisation of the porphyrin samples obtained using different organic solvents revealed several types of self-assembled aggregates. The HER and OER experiments performed on porphyrin-modified graphite electrodes in media with different pH values revealed the most electrocatalytically active specimens. For the OER, this specimen was the electrode manufactured with one layer of Co-porphyrin applied from dimethylsulfoxide, exhibiting an overpotential of 0.51 V at i = 10 mA/cm2 and a Tafel slope of 0.27 V/dec. For the HER, it was the sample obtained by drop casting one layer of Zn-porphyrin from N,N-dimethylformamide that displayed a HER overpotential of 0.52 V at i = -10 mA/cm2 and a Tafel slope of 0.15 V/dec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Ovidiu Taranu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. A. Paunescu Podeanu Street No. 144, 300569 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugenia Fagadar-Cosma
- Institute of Chemistry “Coriolan Dragulescu”, Mihai Viteazu Ave. 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
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