1
|
Dias de Oliveira NF, Santi CG, Maruta CW, Miyamoto D, Pereira NV, Sotto MN, da Silva LFF, Aoki V. Increased expression of in situ CD123 and reduced Toll-like receptor 7/9 signalling pathway suggest impaired activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in recurrent erythema multiforme. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38407349 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- N F Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C G Santi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C W Maruta
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D Miyamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N V Pereira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation-56, Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M N Sotto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L F F da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - V Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation-56, Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Min Y, Wei X, Xia X, Wei Z, Li R, Jin J, Liu Z, Hu X, Peng X. Hepatitis B virus infection: An insight into the clinical connection and molecular interaction between hepatitis B virus and host extrahepatic cancer risk. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1141956. [PMID: 36936956 PMCID: PMC10014788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1141956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence is well established. The hepatocyte epithelium carcinogenesis caused by HBV has been investigated and reviewed in depth. Nevertheless, recent findings from preclinical and observational studies suggested that chronic HBV infection is equally important in extrahepatic cancer occurrence and survival, specifically gastrointestinal system-derived cancers. Immune microenvironment changes (immune-suppressive cytokine infiltration), epigenetic modification (N6-methyladenosine), molecular signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt and Wnt), and serum biomarkers such as hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein are potential underlying mechanisms in chronic HBV infection-induced extrahepatic cancers. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize the most recent advances in evaluating the association between chronic HBV infection and extrahepatic cancer risk and explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in the carcinogenesis induction of extrahepatic cancers in chronic HBV conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Min
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Xia
- Research and Development Department Shanghai ETERN Biopharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigong Wei
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruidan Li
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheran Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingchen Peng, ; Xiaolin Hu,
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingchen Peng, ; Xiaolin Hu,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The Interaction of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Prostaglandin E2 Signaling in Carcinogenesis: A Focus on Cervical Cancer Therapeutics. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162528. [PMID: 36010605 PMCID: PMC9406919 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and chronic inflammation are factors associated with the onset and progression of several neoplasias, including cervical cancer. Oncogenic proteins E5, E6, and E7 from HPV are the main drivers of cervical carcinogenesis. In the present article, we review the general mechanisms of HPV-driven cervical carcinogenesis, as well as the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and downstream effectors in this pathology. We also review the evidence on the crosstalk between chronic HPV infection and PGE2 signaling, leading to immune response weakening and cervical cancer development. Finally, the last section updates the current therapeutic and preventive options targeting PGE2-derived inflammation and HPV infection in cervical cancer. These treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prophylactic and therapeutical vaccines, immunomodulators, antivirals, and nanotechnology. Inflammatory signaling pathways are closely related to the carcinogenic nature of the virus, highlighting inflammation as a co-factor for HPV-dependent carcinogenesis. Therefore, blocking inflammatory signaling pathways, modulating immune response against HPV, and targeting the virus represent excellent options for anti-tumoral therapies in cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li R, Zheng Q, Deng Q, Wang Y, Yang H, Shen J, Liu Y, Zhou J. A Dual Functional Drug Delivery System that Combines Photothermal Therapy and Immunotherapy to Treat Tumors. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1449-1457. [PMID: 35388697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main diseases threatening human health. Immunotherapy, in which cancer is treated by activating immune cells and inducing the body's immune response, has rapidly developed. Photothermal therapy (PTT), a new treatment method that ablates tumors by light irradiation, has attracted great attention for its good therapeutic effect and low toxic side effects. In the present study, we combined photothermal and immunotherapy to design a novel nanoparticle delivery system by loading indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists into polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles coated with polyethylene imine (PEI). This delivery system has the advantages of high homogeneity, good stability, excellent biocompatibility, and low toxicity. In vitro antitumor studies showed that the system effectively inhibited the proliferation of mouse breast carcinoma cells and induced cell apoptosis. From the in vivo studies, we found that the system inhibited the growth of mouse breast carcinoma, facilitated the maturation of antigen-presenting cells, promoted T lymphocyte differentiation, and induced the body's immune response. The present study developed a dual functional drug delivery system combining photothermal therapy and immunotherapy to efficiently improve antitumor therapy with potential clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- RuYan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - QingHua Zheng
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - QiuPing Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - HaoDing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - YingHui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - JiaHong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huérfano S, Šroller V, Bruštíková K, Horníková L, Forstová J. The Interplay between Viruses and Host DNA Sensors. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040666. [PMID: 35458396 PMCID: PMC9027975 DOI: 10.3390/v14040666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA virus infections are often lifelong and can cause serious diseases in their hosts. Their recognition by the sensors of the innate immune system represents the front line of host defence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of innate immunity responses is an important prerequisite for the design of effective antivirotics. This review focuses on the present state of knowledge surrounding the mechanisms of viral DNA genome sensing and the main induced pathways of innate immunity responses. The studies that have been performed to date indicate that herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and polyomaviruses are sensed by various DNA sensors. In non-immune cells, STING pathways have been shown to be activated by cGAS, IFI16, DDX41, or DNA-PK. The activation of TLR9 has mainly been described in pDCs and in other immune cells. Importantly, studies on herpesviruses have unveiled novel participants (BRCA1, H2B, or DNA-PK) in the IFI16 sensing pathway. Polyomavirus studies have revealed that, in addition to viral DNA, micronuclei are released into the cytosol due to genotoxic stress. Papillomaviruses, HBV, and HIV have been shown to evade DNA sensing by sophisticated intracellular trafficking, unique cell tropism, and viral or cellular protein actions that prevent or block DNA sensing. Further research is required to fully understand the interplay between viruses and DNA sensors.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rocamonde B, Futsch N, Orii N, Allatif O, Penalva de Oliveira AC, Mahieux R, Casseb J, Dutartre H. Immunoprofiling of fresh HAM/TSP blood samples shows altered innate cell responsiveness. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009940. [PMID: 34767551 PMCID: PMC8631667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human T-cell Leukemia Virus-1 (HTLV-1)-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment, which affects an increasing number of people in Brazil. Immune cells from the adaptive compartment are involved in disease manifestation but whether innate cell functions participate in disease occurrence has not been evaluated. In this study, we analyzed innate cell responses at steady state and after blood cell stimulation using an agonist of the toll-like receptor (TLR)7/8-signaling pathway in blood samples from HTLV-1-infected volunteers, including asymptomatic carriers and HAM/TSP patients. We observed a lower response of IFNα+ DCs and monocytes in HAM/TSP compared to asymptomatic carriers, as a potential consequence of corticosteroid treatments. In contrast, a higher frequency of monocytes producing MIP-1α and pDC producing IL-12 was detected in HAM/TSP blood samples, together with higher IFNγ responsiveness of NK cells, suggesting an increased sensitivity to inflammatory response in HAM/TSP patients compared to asymptomatic carriers. This sustained inflammatory responsiveness could be linked or be at the origin of the neuroinflammatory status in HAM/TSP patients. Therefore, the mechanism underlying this dysregulations could shed light onto the origins of HAM/TSP disease. The infection by the Human T-cell Leukemia Virus-1 (HTLV-1) is quite frequent in Brazil. Between 1–5% of infected individuals develop a devastating neurodegenerative disease (HAM/TSP) as a result of a sustained inflammation in the central nervous system, with no effective treatment. So far, inflammation has been linked to the deregulated activation of T-cells, but the role of innate cells has not been investigated yet. In this work, we aimed to characterize the responsiveness of innate cells, as this immune population is cornerstone of efficient immune response, but also might participate in disease exacerbation found in chronic infection. Our findings suggest an impaired antiviral response and increased inflammatory responsiveness by dendritic cells and monocytes in HAM/TSP patients compared to asymptomatic carriers. This sustained inflammatory responsiveness upon innate cell activation could participate in the establishment of the HAM/TSP disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Rocamonde
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France, Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect
| | - Nicolas Futsch
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France, Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect
| | - Noemia Orii
- Faculdade de Medicina/Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo/Universidade da São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Omran Allatif
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, service BIBS, INSERM U1111—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Renaud Mahieux
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France, Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect
| | - Jorge Casseb
- Faculdade de Medicina/Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo/Universidade da São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélène Dutartre
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France, Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jabłońska A, Jabłonowska E, Studzińska M, Kamerys J, Paradowska E. The TLR9 2848C/T Polymorphism Is Associated with the CMV DNAemia among HIV/CMV Co-Infected Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092360. [PMID: 34572011 PMCID: PMC8470824 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and are essential components of the host’s innate immune response. The aim of this study was to determine the TLR9 genotype frequency and investigate the association between TLR9 polymorphisms and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/CMV co-infected patients. A total of 205 HIV/CMV co-infected adults were screened for the presence of the four TLR9 polymorphisms (−1237T/C, −1486T/C, 1174G/A, and 2848C/T) by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Mutation presented in at least one allele of the TLR9 2848C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was associated with the occurrence of CMV DNAemia among HIV-infected patients with CMV co-infection (p = 0.004). The level of CMV DNA was higher in patients who were homozygous recessive or heterozygous for the 2848C/T polymorphism compared with those who had a wild-type genotype for this polymorphism (p = 0.005). Mutation detected in at least one allele of this SNP was also associated with a lower interferon type β (IFN-β) concentration (p = 0.048), while no relationships between TLR9 −1237T/C, −1486T/C, and 1174G/A SNPs and CMV DNAemia were observed. Our findings suggest that the mutation present in at least one allele of the TLR9 2848C/T SNP may be associated with the active CMV infection in HIV/CMV co-infected subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jabłońska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (M.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Jabłonowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Mirosława Studzińska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (M.S.)
| | - Juliusz Kamerys
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-272-3629
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Labidi-Galy SI, Treilleux I, Goddard-Leon S, Combes JD, Blay JY, Ray-Coquard I, Caux C, Bendriss-Vermare N. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells infiltrating ovarian cancer are associated with poor prognosis. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:380-382. [PMID: 22737622 PMCID: PMC3382863 DOI: 10.4161/onci.18801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two different and complementary approaches (flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry) on two independent cohorts of ovarian cancer patients, we found that accumulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in tumors is associated with early relapse. This deleterious effect of tumor-associated pDC was evident when they are present in cancer epithelium but not in lymphoid aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Intidhar Labidi-Galy
- Université de Lyon; Lyon, France ; Université Lyon 1; ISPB; Lyon, France ; INSERM; U1052; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon; Lyon, France ; Cnrs; UMR5286; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon; Lyon, France ; LabEx DEVweCAN; Lyon, France ; Department of Medical Oncology; Centre Léon Bérard; Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Onodi F, Bonnet-Madin L, Meertens L, Karpf L, Poirot J, Zhang SY, Picard C, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Zhang Q, Le Goff J, Molina JM, Delaugerre C, Casanova JL, Amara A, Soumelis V. SARS-CoV-2 induces human plasmacytoid predendritic cell diversification via UNC93B and IRAK4. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211734. [PMID: 33533916 PMCID: PMC7849819 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have analyzed antiviral immune pathways in late-stage severe COVID-19. However, the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity are poorly understood. Here we have isolated primary SARS-CoV-2 viral strains and studied their interaction with human plasmacytoid predendritic cells (pDCs), a key player in antiviral immunity. We show that pDCs are not productively infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, they efficiently diversified into activated P1-, P2-, and P3-pDC effector subsets in response to viral stimulation. They expressed CD80, CD86, CCR7, and OX40 ligand at levels similar to influenza virus-induced activation. They rapidly produced high levels of interferon-α, interferon-λ1, IL-6, IP-10, and IL-8. All major aspects of SARS-CoV-2-induced pDC activation were inhibited by hydroxychloroquine. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2-induced pDC activation critically depended on IRAK4 and UNC93B1, as established using pDC from genetically deficient patients. Overall, our data indicate that human pDC are efficiently activated by SARS-CoV-2 particles and may thus contribute to type I IFN-dependent immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Onodi
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Bonnet-Madin
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U944, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Meertens
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U944, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Léa Karpf
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Justine Poirot
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Capucine Picard
- Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jérôme Le Goff
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Molina
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U944, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Constance Delaugerre
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U944, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Ali Amara
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U944, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pinto A, Rega A, Crother TR, Sorrentino R. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and their therapeutic activity in cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:726-734. [PMID: 22934264 PMCID: PMC3429576 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade several studies provided evidence that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) infiltrate human neoplasms with poor prognosis. However, the role of tumor-associated pDCs remains controversial. Various studies indicate that pDCs play an immuno-suppressive role and facilitate tumor progression in both animal models and humans. In contrast, others found that the presence of activated tumor-associated pDCs results in tumor regression in mice. Given these findings, understanding pDC function in tumor biology is an important necessity and may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies to fight malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Pinto
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Department (FARMABIOMED); University of Salerno; Fisciano, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Onodi F, Bonnet-Madin L, Meertens L, Karpf L, Poirot J, Zhang SY, Picard C, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Zhang Q, Le Goff J, Molina JM, Delaugerre C, Casanova JL, Amara A, Soumelis V. SARS-CoV-2 induces human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cell diversification via UNC93B and IRAK4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33442685 PMCID: PMC7805442 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.10.197343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have analyzed antiviral immune pathways in late-stage severe COVID-19. However, the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity are poorly understood. Here, we have isolated primary SARS-CoV-2 viral strains, and studied their interaction with human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pDC), a key player in antiviral immunity. We show that pDC are not productively infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, they efficiently diversified into activated P1-, P2-, and P3-pDC effector subsets in response to viral stimulation. They expressed CD80, CD86, CCR7, and OX40 ligand at levels similar to influenza virus-induced activation. They rapidly produced high levels of interferon-α, interferon-λ1, IL-6, IP-10, and IL-8. All major aspects of SARS-CoV-2-induced pDC activation were inhibited by hydroxychloroquine. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2-induced pDC activation critically depended on IRAK4 and UNC93B1, as established using pDC from genetically deficient patients. Overall, our data indicate that human pDC are efficiently activated by SARS-CoV-2 particles and may thus contribute to type I IFN-dependent immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Onodi
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Lucie Bonnet-Madin
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U944 CNRS 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Meertens
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U944 CNRS 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Léa Karpf
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Justine Poirot
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.,Université de Paris; INSERM UMR 1163 Institut Imagine, France EU.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Capucine Picard
- Université de Paris; INSERM UMR 1163 Institut Imagine, France EU.,Study center for primary immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux (AP-HP) de Paris, Paris, France, EU.,Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France, EU
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.,Université de Paris; INSERM UMR 1163 Institut Imagine, France EU.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.,Université de Paris; INSERM UMR 1163 Institut Imagine, France EU.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jérôme Le Goff
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Molina
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U944 CNRS 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Constance Delaugerre
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U944 CNRS 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie et Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.,Université de Paris; INSERM UMR 1163 Institut Imagine, France EU.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France, EU.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali Amara
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U944 CNRS 7212, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, F-75010, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maser IP, Hoves S, Bayer C, Heidkamp G, Nimmerjahn F, Eckmann J, Ries CH. The Tumor Milieu Promotes Functional Human Tumor-Resident Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Humanized Mouse Models. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2082. [PMID: 33013879 PMCID: PMC7507800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Particular interest to harness the innate immune system for cancer immunotherapy is fueled by limitations of immune checkpoint blockade. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are detected in a variety of solid tumors and correlate with poor clinical outcome. Release of type I interferons in response to toll-like-receptor (TLR)7 and TLR9 activation is the pDC hallmark. Mouse and human pDC differ substantially in their biology concerning surface marker expression and cytokine production. Here, we employed humanized mouse models (HIS) to study pDC function. We performed a comprehensive characterization of transgenic, myeloid-enhanced mouse strains (NOG-EXL and NSG-SGM3) expressing human interleukin-3 (hIL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) using identical humanization protocols. Only in HIS-NOG-EXL mice sufficient pDC infiltration was detectable. Therefore, we selected this strain for subsequent tumor studies. We analyzed pDC frequency in peripheral blood and tumors by comparing HIS-NOG-EXL with HIS-NOG mice bearing three different ovarian and breast tumors. Despite the substantially increased pDC numbers in peripheral blood of HIS-NOG-EXL mice, we detected TLR7/8 agonist responsive and thus functional pDCs only in certain tumor models independent of the mouse strain employed. However, HIS-NOG-EXL mice showed in general a superior humanization phenotype characterized by reconstitution of different myeloid subsets, NK cells and B cells producing physiologic IgG levels. Hence, we provide first evidence that the tumor milieu but not genetically introduced cytokines defines intratumoral (i.t.) frequencies of the rare pDC subset. This study provides model systems to investigate in vivo pro- and anti-tumoral human pDC functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona-Petra Maser
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Hoves
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Christa Bayer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Gordon Heidkamp
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- FAU Erlangen, Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Eckmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Carola H Ries
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.,Dr. Carola Ries Consulting, Penzberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Janovec V, Hodek J, Clarova K, Hofman T, Dostalik P, Fronek J, Chlupac J, Chaperot L, Durand S, Baumert TF, Pichova I, Lubyova B, Hirsch I, Weber J. Toll-like receptor dual-acting agonists are potent inducers of PBMC-produced cytokines that inhibit hepatitis B virus production in primary human hepatocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12767. [PMID: 32728070 PMCID: PMC7392756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant interferon-α (IFN-α) treatment functionally cures chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in some individuals and suppresses virus replication in hepatocytes infected in vitro. We studied the antiviral effect of conditioned media (CM) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 7, 8 and 9. We found that CM from PBMCs stimulated with dual-acting TLR7/8 (R848) and TLR2/7 (CL413) agonists were more potent drivers of inhibition of HBe and HBs antigen secretion from HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes (PHH) than CM from PBMCs stimulated with single-acting TLR7 (CL264) or TLR9 (CpG-B) agonists. Inhibition of HBV in PHH did not correlate with the quantity of PBMC-produced IFN-α, but it was a complex function of multiple secreted cytokines. More importantly, we found that the CM that efficiently inhibited HBV production in freshly isolated PHH via various cytokine repertoires and mechanisms did not reduce covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA levels. We confirmed our data with a cell culture model based on HepG2-NTCP cells and the plasmacytoid dendritic cell line GEN2.2. Collectively, our data show the importance of dual-acting TLR agonists inducing broad cytokine repertoires. The development of poly-specific TLR agonists provides novel opportunities towards functional HBV cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Janovec
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25150, Vestec, Czech Republic.,IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hodek
- IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Clarova
- IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Hofman
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25150, Vestec, Czech Republic.,IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dostalik
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25150, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Fronek
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Anatomy, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Chlupac
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Anatomy, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- CNRS UMR5309, Inserm U1209, CHU Grenoble Alpes, IAB, EFS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Durand
- Inserm, Institut de Recherche Sur Les Maladies Virales Et Hepatiques UMRS 1110, Universite de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Inserm, Institut de Recherche Sur Les Maladies Virales Et Hepatiques UMRS 1110, Universite de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Pole Hepato-Digestif, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Iva Pichova
- IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Lubyova
- IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Hirsch
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 25150, Vestec, Czech Republic. .,IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Weber
- IOCB & Gilead Research Center, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang Y, Zhu X, Han R, Zhou Q, Cheng H. Expressionof langerhans cell and plasmacytoid dendritic cell markers, and toll-like receptor 7/9 signaling pathway proteins in verruca vulgaris lesions. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19214. [PMID: 32080113 PMCID: PMC7034720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play an important role in the cutaneous immune response to viral infection. Verruca vulgaris (VV) is a chronic benign disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.To investigate the possible roles of LCs, pDCs and toll-like receptor (TLR)7/9 signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of VV, we detected the expression of CD1a, CD2AP, CD123, TLR7/9, IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) in VV lesions.The expression of CD1a, CD2AP, CD123, TLR7/9, IRF7, and IRAK1 in 20 VV lesions was tested by immunohistochemistry. The density and number of stained cells were compared between VV lesions and the perilesional normal skin.The density and number of CD1a-, CD2AP-, CD123-, TLR9-, and IRAK1-positive cells in the papillary layer of VV lesions were significantly higher than those in the perilesional normal skin (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the density and positive rate of CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and of TLR7 and IRF7 cells in the dermis between VV lesions and the perilesional normal skin at the edge (P > .05).In VV, the number of LCs increases only in the dermis, indicating that LC's antigen-presenting function might not be inhibited. The increased number of pDCs in VV lesions suggests that HPV infection may recruit the pDCs to the virus-infected epithelium. We speculate that the TLR7/9 downstream signaling pathway is not fully activated in VV, leading to difficulty of HPV removal and the relapse of HPV-infected lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Arora S, Ahmad S, Irshad R, Goyal Y, Rafat S, Siddiqui N, Dev K, Husain M, Ali S, Mohan A, Syed MA. TLRs in pulmonary diseases. Life Sci 2019; 233:116671. [PMID: 31336122 PMCID: PMC7094289 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise a clan of proteins involved in identification and triggering a suitable response against pathogenic attacks. As lung is steadily exposed to multiple infectious agents, antigens and host-derived danger signals, the inhabiting stromal and myeloid cells of the lung express an aggregate of TLRs which perceive the endogenously derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) along with pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger the TLR-associated signalling events involved in host defence. Thus, they form an imperative component of host defence activation in case of microbial infections as well as non-infectious pulmonary disorders such as interstitial lung disease, acute lung injury and airways disease, such as COPD and asthma. They also play an equally important role in lung cancer. Targeting the TLR signalling network would pave ways to the design of more reliable and effective vaccines against infectious agents and control deadly infections, desensitize allergens and reduce inflammation. Moreover, TLR agonists may act as adjuvants by increasing the efficiency of cancer vaccines, thereby contributing their role in treatment of lung cancer too. Overall, TLRs present a compelling and expeditiously bolstered area of research and addressing their signalling events would be of significant use in pulmonary diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Arora
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shaniya Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rasha Irshad
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Yamini Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sahar Rafat
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Neha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mohammad Husain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shakir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Żeromski J, Kaczmarek M, Boruczkowski M, Kierepa A, Kowala-Piaskowska A, Mozer-Lisewska I. Significance and Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Malignancy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2019; 67:133-141. [PMID: 30976817 PMCID: PMC6509067 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-019-00540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are members of innate immunity, playing pivotal role in several immunological reactions. They are known to act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. They are expressed on several normal cell types but have been shown with increasing frequency on/in tumor cells. Significance of this phenomenon is largely unknown, but it has been shown by several authors that they, predominantly Toll-like receptors (TLRs), act in the interest of tumor, by promotion of its growth and spreading. Preparation of artificial of TLRs ligands (agonists) paved the way to use them as a therapeutic agents for cancer, so far in a limited scale. Agonists may be combined with conventional anti-cancer modalities with apparently promising results. PRRs recognizing nucleic acids such as RIG-1 like receptors (sensing RNA) and STING (sensing DNA) constitute a novel promising approach for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/drug effects
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- DNA/immunology
- DNA/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Ligands
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA/immunology
- RNA/metabolism
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/agonists
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Żeromski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Boruczkowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Kierepa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arleta Kowala-Piaskowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Mozer-Lisewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chihab H, Zaidane I, Elhabazi A, Jadid FZ, El Fihri R, Elmessaoudi-Idrissi M, Chair M, Badre W, Tahiri M, Pineau P, Chemin I, Ezzikouri S, Benjelloun S. Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms and Hepatitis B virus clearance in Moroccan chronic carriers. Gene 2018; 687:212-218. [PMID: 30453064 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against viral infections. The failure of this system may result, in an attenuated immune response against HBV. Recent research has focused on the possibility of targeting the defects in TLR9 pathway as a novel approach for anti-HBV treatment. Our study aimed to assess the impact of both TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 polymorphisms on spontaneous HBV clearance in Moroccan chronic HBV carriers. METHODS In this study, 239 individuals chronically infected with HBV (CHB) and 133 subjects who spontaneously resolved the infection (SRB) were genotyped using a Taqman allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Remarkably, we observed a dosage effect of both SNPs on viral loads; with a significant increase of circulating HBV DNA within AA, AG to GG rs5743836 genotypes, whereas the inverse phenomenon was noticed within rs187084 genotypes. There were no consistent association between TLR9 polymorphisms and spontaneous clearance of HBV, however, a significant association was observed between rs187084 AA genotype and HBV progression to advanced liver disease. Further studies on larger populations might be necessary to understand the modulating effect of TLR9 polymorphisms on HBV loads that remain a viral factor of paramount importance to predict HCC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Chihab
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Imane Zaidane
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Elhabazi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Fatima-Zahra Jadid
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Raouia El Fihri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Chair
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Faculté de médecine de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Tahiri
- Faculté de médecine de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pascal Pineau
- Unité "Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse", INSERM U993, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soumaya Benjelloun
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chiang CLL, Kandalaft LE. In vivo cancer vaccination: Which dendritic cells to target and how? Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 71:88-101. [PMID: 30390423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has been revolutionized with the use of immune checkpoint blockade antibodies such as anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Significant clinical benefits are observed in different cancer types with these treatments. While considerable efforts are made in augmenting tumor-specific T cell responses with these therapies, other immunotherapies that actively stimulate endogenous anti-tumor T cells and generating long-term memory have received less attention. Given the high cost of cancer immunotherapies especially with chimeric antigen receptor T cells, not many patients will have access to such treatments. The next-generation of cancer immunotherapy could entail in vivo cancer vaccination to activate both the innate and adaptive anti-tumor responses. This could potentially be achieved via in vivo targeting of dendritic cells which are an indispensable link between the innate and adaptive immunities. Dendritic cells highly expressed toll-like receptors for recognizing and eliminating pathogens. Synthetic toll-like receptors agonists could be synthesized at a low cost and have shown promise in preclinical and clinical trials. As different subsets of human dendritic cells exist in the immune system, activation with different toll-like receptor agonists could exert profound effects on the quality and magnitude of anti-tumor T cell responses. Here, we reviewed the different subsets of human dendritic cells. Using published preclinical and clinical cancers studies available on PubMed, we discussed the use of clinically approved and emerging toll-like receptor agonists to activate dendritic cells in vivo for cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we searched www.clinicaltrials.gov and summarized the active cancer trials evaluating toll-like receptor agonists as an adjuvant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lai-Lai Chiang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland; Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Smilow Translational Research Center 8th Floor, 186B, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tout I, Gomes M, Ainouze M, Marotel M, Pecoul T, Durantel D, Vaccarella S, Dubois B, Loustaud-Ratti V, Walzer T, Alain S, Chemin I, Hasan U. Hepatitis B Virus Blocks the CRE/CREB Complex and Prevents TLR9 Transcription and Function in Human B Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:2331-2344. [PMID: 30185518 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective B cell responses such as cytokine secretion, proliferation, and Ab-specific responses are essential to clear hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, HBV alters numerous immune pathways to persist in the host. B cell activity depends on activation of the innate sensor TLR9 by viral or bacterial DNA motifs. How HBV can deregulate B cell functions remains unknown. In this study, we show that HBV can enter and decrease TLR9 expression in human primary B cells. Using PBMCs from human blood donors, we show that TLR9 expression was reduced in all peripheral B cells subsets exposed to HBV. B cell function mediated by TLR9, but not TLR7, such as proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines secretion, were abrogated in the presence of HBV; however, global Ig secretion was not downregulated. Mechanistically, we show, using human myeloma B cell line RPMI 8226, that the surface Ag hepatitis B surface Ag was responsible for TLR9 dysfunction. hepatitis B surface Ag suppressed the phosphorylation and thus the activation of the transcription factor CREB, preventing TLR9 promoter activity. Finally, we corroborated our in vitro findings in a cohort of chronic HBV carriers and found that TLR9 expression and function were significantly suppressed. The effect of HBV on TLR9 activity in B cells gives insights into oncoviral immune escape strategies, providing knowledge to develop novel immunotherapeutic approaches in chronic HBV-carrier patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issam Tout
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| | - Melissa Gomes
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Michelle Ainouze
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| | - Marie Marotel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| | - Timothee Pecoul
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| | - David Durantel
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, 69373 Lyon, France; and
| | | | - Bertrand Dubois
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, 69373 Lyon, France; and
| | | | - Thierry Walzer
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Alain
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, 69373 Lyon, France; and
| | - Uzma Hasan
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, 69007 Lyon, France;
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Lyon, France
- CNRS, UMR5308, 69100 Lyon, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Han N, Zhang Z, Jv H, Hu J, Ruan M, Zhang C. Culture supernatants of oral cancer cells induce impaired IFN-α production of pDCs partly through the down-regulation of TLR-9 expression. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93:141-148. [PMID: 29913322 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate whether tumor-derived supernatants down-regulate the immune function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in oral cancer and the potential molecular mechanisms of this effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry were used to detect tumor-infiltrating and peripheral blood pDCs. MTS and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the immune response of CD4+ T cells. Real-time PCR and ELISA assays were used to identify TLR-7 and TLR-9 expression, IFN-α production and tumor-secreted soluble cytokines. RESULTS The proportion of pDCs (0.121%±0.043%) was significantly higher in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples than in normal tissue (0.023%±0.016%) (P = 0.021). TLR9 mRNA was significantly lower in tumor-infiltrating pDCs and positively correlated to low IFN-α production (r = 0.956; P<0.01). The supernatant of oral cancer cells negatively regulated TLR9 mRNA expression and the subsequent IFN-α production of pDCs, which inhibited the immune response of CD4+ T cells. The neutralizing antibodies blocking assay showed that the specific inhibitory effect of pDC functionality was associated with the soluble fraction of the oral cancer environment, which is mainly mediated by IL-10 and TGF-β cooperation. CONCLUSION Tumor-derived supernatants may impair the function of tumor-infiltrating pDCs, which subsequently decreases the immune response of CD4+ T cells in human oral cancer through TGF-β- and IL-10- dependent mechanisms. Careful manipulation of these impaired pDCs may help develop an important alternative immunotherapy for the treatment of oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Han
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Reaearch Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Fengcheng Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China
| | - Zun Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Houyu Jv
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Reaearch Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jingzhou Hu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Reaearch Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Min Ruan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Reaearch Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Fengcheng Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China.
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Reaearch Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Font-Haro A, Janovec V, Hofman T, Machala L, Jilich D, Melkova Z, Weber J, Trejbalova K, Hirsch I. Expression of TIM-3 on Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells as a Predictive Biomarker of Decline in HIV-1 RNA Level during ART. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040154. [PMID: 29597250 PMCID: PMC5923448 DOI: 10.3390/v10040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depletion and functional impairment of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are characteristic attributes of HIV-1-infection. The mechanism of dysfunction of pDCs is unclear. Here, we studied the development of phenotype of pDCs in a cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals monitored before the initiation and during a 9-month follow up with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Using polychromatic flow cytometry, we detected significantly higher pDC-surface expression of the HIV-1 receptor CD4, regulatory receptor BDCA-2, Fcγ receptor CD32, pDC dysfunction marker TIM-3, and the marker of killer pDC, TRAIL, in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals before initiation of ART when compared to healthy donors. After 9 months of ART, all of these markers approached but did not reach the expression levels observed in healthy donors. We found that the rate of decline in HIV-1 RNA level over the first 3 months of ART negatively correlated with the expression of TIM-3 on pDCs. We conclude that immunogenic phenotype of pDCs is not significantly restored after sustained suppression of HIV-1 RNA level in ART-treated patients and that the level of the TIM-3 expressed on pDCs in treatment naïve patients could be a predictive marker of the rate of decline in the HIV-1 RNA level during ART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Font-Haro
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Faculty of Sciences, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, IOCB & Gilead Research Center, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Vaclav Janovec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Faculty of Sciences, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, IOCB & Gilead Research Center, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Hofman
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Faculty of Sciences, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Machala
- The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Hospital Na Bulovce, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - David Jilich
- The First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Hospital Na Bulovce, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Zora Melkova
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Charles University, The First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, IOCB & Gilead Research Center, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Trejbalova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Hirsch
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Charles University, Faculty of Sciences, BIOCEV, 25242 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, IOCB & Gilead Research Center, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Interaction between Toll-Like Receptor 9-CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides and Hepatitis B Virus Virions Leads to Entry Inhibition in Hepatocytes and Reduction of Alpha Interferon Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.01741-17. [PMID: 29439958 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01741-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-CpG oligonucleotides could inhibit the establishment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in hepatocytes. Our aim was to uncover the underlying mechanisms of this inhibition. HepaRG cells, RPMI-B lymphoblastoma cells, and primary plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exposed to HBV and TLR9 ligands/agonists in various configurations were used. We observed an inhibition of HBV infection upon TLR9 stimulations only when agonist was applied during inoculation. This inhibition was independent of interleukin-6 (IL-6)/interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) production as well as of TLR9 expression in hepatocytes. We further demonstrated an entry inhibition mechanism by showing a noncovalent binding of TLR9 agonist to HBV particles. Besides inhibiting HBV entry into hepatocytes, this biophysical interaction between HBV virions and TLR9 agonist was responsible for a reduction of alpha interferon (IFN-α) expression by pDCs. Interestingly, subviral particles composed of only HBsAg were able to genuinely inhibit the TLR9 pathway, without titrating TLR9 ligands. To conclude, our data suggest that synthetic TLR9-CpG oligonucleotides can strongly inhibit HBV entry by "coating" HBV virions and thereby preventing their interaction with cellular receptor. This titration effect of TLR9 agonist is also artifactually responsible for the inhibition of TLR9 engagement in pDCs, whereas a genuine inhibition of this innate pathway was confirmed with HBsAg subviral particles.
Collapse
|
23
|
Janovec V, Aouar B, Font-Haro A, Hofman T, Trejbalova K, Weber J, Chaperot L, Plumas J, Olive D, Dubreuil P, Nunès JA, Stranska R, Hirsch I. The MEK1/2-ERK Pathway Inhibits Type I IFN Production in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535732 PMCID: PMC5835309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the crosslinking of regulatory receptors (RRs), such as blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA-2) (CD303) or ILT7 (CD85g), of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) efficiently suppresses the production of type I interferons (IFN-I, α/β/ω) and other cytokines in response to toll-like receptor 7 and 9 (TLR7/9) ligands. The exact mechanism of how this B cell receptor (BCR)-like signaling blocks TLR7/9-mediated IFN-I production is unknown. Here, we stimulated BCR-like signaling by ligation of RRs with BDCA-2 and ILT7 mAbs, hepatitis C virus particles, or BST2 expressing cells. We compared BCR-like signaling in proliferating pDC cell line GEN2.2 and in primary pDCs from healthy donors, and addressed the question of whether pharmacological targeting of BCR-like signaling can antagonize RR-induced pDC inhibition. To this end, we tested the TLR9-mediated production of IFN-I and proinflammatory cytokines in pDCs exposed to a panel of inhibitors of signaling molecules involved in BCR-like, MAPK, NF-ĸB, and calcium signaling pathways. We found that MEK1/2 inhibitors, PD0325901 and U0126 potentiated TLR9-mediated production of IFN-I in GEN2.2 cells. More importantly, MEK1/2 inhibitors significantly increased the TLR9-mediated IFN-I production blocked in both GEN2.2 cells and primary pDCs upon stimulation of BCR-like or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. Triggering of BCR-like and PKC signaling in pDCs resulted in an upregulation of the expression and phoshorylation of c-FOS, a downstream gene product of the MEK1/2-ERK pathway. We found that the total level of c-FOS was higher in proliferating GEN2.2 cells than in the resting primary pDCs. The PD0325901-facilitated restoration of the TLR9-mediated IFN-I production correlated with the abrogation of MEK1/2-ERK-c-FOS signaling. These results indicate that the MEK1/2-ERK pathway inhibits TLR9-mediated type I IFN production in pDCs and that pharmacological targeting of MEK1/2-ERK signaling could be a strategy to overcome immunotolerance of pDCs and re-establish their immunogenic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Janovec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | - Besma Aouar
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Albert Font-Haro
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Hofman
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Katerina Trejbalova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Joel Plumas
- INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Ruzena Stranska
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Ivan Hirsch
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia.,Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Morale MG, da Silva Abjaude W, Silva AM, Villa LL, Boccardo E. HPV-transformed cells exhibit altered HMGB1-TLR4/MyD88-SARM1 signaling axis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3476. [PMID: 29472602 PMCID: PMC5823898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types is the main risk factor for the development of cervical cancer precursor lesions. HPV persistence and tumor development is usually characterized by innate immune system evasion. Alterations in Toll-like receptors (TLR) expression and activation may be important for the control of HPV infections and could play a role in the progression of lesions and tumors. In the present study, we analyzed the mRNA expression of 84 genes involved in TLR signaling pathways. We observed that 80% of the differentially expressed genes were downregulated in cervical cancer cell lines relative to normal keratinocytes. Major alterations were detected in genes coding for several proteins of the TLR signaling axis, including TLR adaptor molecules and genes associated with MAPK pathway, NFκB activation and antiviral immune response. In particular, we observed major alterations in the HMGB1-TLR4 signaling axis. Functional analysis also showed that HMGB1 expression is important for the proliferative and tumorigenic potential of cervical cancer cell lines. Taken together, these data indicate that alterations in TLR signaling pathways may play a role in the oncogenic potential of cells expressing HPV oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Galliote Morale
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre of Translational Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walason da Silva Abjaude
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Montenegro Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lina Villa
- Centre of Translational Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enrique Boccardo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bendriss-Vermare N, Gourdin N, Vey N, Faget J, Sisirak V, Labidi-Galy I, Le Mercier I, Goutagny N, Puisieux I, Ménétrier-Caux C, Caux C. Plasmacytoid DC/Regulatory T Cell Interactions at the Center of an Immunosuppressive Network in Breast and Ovarian Tumors. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
26
|
Liao Y, Jiang J, Liang B, Wei F, Huang J, Pan P, Su J, Zhou B, Zang N, Ye L, Liang H. Opiate use inhibits TLR9 signaling pathway in vivo: possible role in pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13071. [PMID: 29026137 PMCID: PMC5638828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of opiate use promoting HIV-1 infection is not fully understood. TLR9 is expressed in many immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, which can recognize viruses and viral products and consequently induce the production of antiviral factors and initiate immune responses. Previous studies have shown that chronic viral infections can overcome and impair TLR9 pathway. We aimed to explore whether opiate use enhances HIV infection through inhibition of TLR9 pathway via a population-based study. A total of 200 subjects were enrolled and divided into four groups as follows: Opiate+ HIV+ (50), Opiate- HIV+ (50), Opiate+ HIV- (50), and healthy control (Opiate- HIV-, 50). All HIV-infected subjects did not receive antiretroviral therapy while they were enrolled in the study. The results showed that opiate use was associated with higher viral load and lower CD4+ T cell count. Opiate use alone led to lower expression of TLR9, IRF7, and IFN-α at the protein level in PBMCs. Combined with HIV-1 infection, opiate use resulted in lower expression of MyD88, ISG56, and MxA. In addition, morphine treatment promoted HIV-1 replication in macrophages via inhibition of TLR9 pathway. Our data reveal that opiate use plays a cofactor role in pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection through inhibition of TLR9 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bingyu Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fumei Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peijiang Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinming Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Zang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment & Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bank vole immunoheterogeneity may limit Nephropatia Epidemica emergence in a French non-endemic region. Parasitology 2017; 145:393-407. [PMID: 28931451 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017001548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ecoevolutionary processes affecting hosts, vectors and pathogens are important drivers of zoonotic disease emergence. In this study, we focused on nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) whose natural reservoir is the bank vole, Myodes glareolus. We questioned the possibility of NE emergence in a French region that is considered to be NE-free but that is adjacent to a NE-endemic region. We first confirmed the epidemiology of these two regions and we demonstrated the absence of spatial barriers that could have limited dispersal, and consequently, the spread of PUUV into the NE-free region. We next tested whether regional immunoheterogeneity could impact PUUV chances to circulate and persist in the NE-free region. We showed that bank voles from the NE-free region were sensitive to experimental PUUV infection. We observed high levels of immunoheterogeneity between individuals and also between regions. Antiviral gene expression (Tnf and Mx2) reached higher levels in bank voles from the NE-free region. During experimental infections, anti-PUUV antibody production was higher in bank voles from the NE-endemic region. These results indicated a lower susceptibility to PUUV for bank voles from this NE-free region, which might limit PUUV persistence and therefore, the risk of NE.
Collapse
|
28
|
Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK. Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection. Mol Immunol 2017; 90:64-73. [PMID: 28704708 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity consists of several kinds of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), which participate in the recognition of pathogens and consequently activation of innate immune system against pathogens. Recently, several investigations reported that PRRs may also play key roles in the induction/stimulation of immune system related complications in microbial infections. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), as the main cause of viral hepatitis in human, can induce several clinical forms of hepatitis B and also might be associated with hepatic complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on the important roles of PRRs in the eradication of microbial infections including viral infections and their related complications, it appears that the molecules may be a main part of immune responses against viral infections including HBV and participate in the HBV related complications. Thus, this review article has brought together information regarding the roles of PRRs in immunity against HBV and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nosratabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zare-Bidaki
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Vahid Mohammadi Shahrokhi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Moreno Ayala MA, Gottardo MF, Gori MS, Nicola Candia AJ, Caruso C, De Laurentiis A, Imsen M, Klein S, Bal de Kier Joffé E, Salamone G, Castro MG, Seilicovich A, Candolfi M. Dual activation of Toll-like receptors 7 and 9 impairs the efficacy of antitumor vaccines in murine models of metastatic breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:1713-1732. [PMID: 28432455 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since combination of Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands could boost antitumor immunity, we evaluated the efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines upon dual activation of TLR9 and TLR7 in breast cancer models. METHODS DCs were generated from mouse bone marrow or peripheral blood from healthy human donors and stimulated with CpG1826 (mouse TLR9 agonist), CpG2006 or IMT504 (human TLR9 agonists) and R848 (TLR7 agonist). Efficacy of antitumor vaccines was evaluated in BALB/c mice bearing metastatic mammary adenocarcinomas. RESULTS CpG-DCs improved the survival of tumor-bearing mice, reduced the development of lung metastases and generated immunological memory. However, dual activation of TLRs impaired the efficacy of DC vaccines. In vitro, we found that R848 inhibited CpG-mediated maturation of murine DCs. A positive feedback loop in TLR9 mRNA expression was observed upon CpG stimulation that was inhibited in the presence of R848. Impaired activation of NF-κB was detected when TLR9 and TLR7 were simultaneously activated. Blockade of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and indoleamine-pyrrole-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) improved the activation of CpG-DCs. When we evaluated the effect of combined activation of TLR9 and TLR7 in human DCs, we found that R848 induced robust DC activation that was inhibited by TLR9 agonists. CONCLUSIONS These observations provide insight in the biology of TLR9 and TLR7 crosstalk and suggest caution in the selection of agonists for multiple TLR stimulation. Blockade of NOS and IDO could improve the maturation of antitumor DC vaccines. R848 could prove a useful adjuvant for DC vaccines in human patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariela A Moreno Ayala
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gottardo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Gori
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Javier Nicola Candia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Caruso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea De Laurentiis
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO-CONICET/UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Fisiología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Imsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Slobodanka Klein
- Área Investigación, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisa Bal de Kier Joffé
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Área Investigación, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Salamone
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adriana Seilicovich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, piso 10, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Klauber TC, Laursen JM, Zucker D, Brix S, Jensen SS, Andresen TL. Delivery of TLR7 agonist to monocytes and dendritic cells by DCIR targeted liposomes induces robust production of anti-cancer cytokines. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:367-377. [PMID: 28153581 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immune escape is today recognized as an important cancer hallmark and is therefore a major focus area in cancer therapy. Monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), which are central to creating a robust anti-tumor immune response and establishing an anti-tumorigenic microenvironment, are directly targeted by the tumor escape mechanisms to develop immunosuppressive phenotypes. Providing activated monocytes and DCs to the tumor tissue is therefore an attractive way to break the tumor-derived immune suppression and reinstate cancer immune surveillance. To activate monocytes and DCs with high efficiency, we have investigated an immunotherapeutic Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist delivery system comprising liposomes targeted to the dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR). We formulated the immune stimulating TLR7 agonist TMX-202 in the liposomes and examined the targeting of the liposomes as well as their immune activating potential in blood-derived monocytes, myeloid DCs (mDCs), and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Monocytes and mDCs were targeted with high specificity over lymphocytes, and exhibited potent TLR7-specific secretion of the anti-cancer cytokines IL-12p70, IFN-α 2a, and IFN-γ. This delivery system could be a way to improve cancer treatment either in the form of a vaccine with co-formulated antigen or as an immunotherapeutic vector to boost monocyte and DC activity in combination with other treatment protocols such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cancer immunotherapy is a powerful new tool in the oncologist's therapeutic arsenal, with our increased knowledge of anti-tumor immunity providing many new targets for intervention. Monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) are attractive targets for enhancing the anti-tumor immune response, but systemic delivery of immunomodulators has proven to be associated with a high risk of fatal adverse events due to the systemic activation of the immune system. We address this important obstacle by targeting the delivery of an immunomodulator, a Toll-like receptor agonist, to DCs and monocytes in the bloodstream. We thus focus the activation, potentially avoiding the above-mentioned adverse effects, and demonstrate greatly increased ability of the agonist to induce secretion of anti-cancer cytokines.
Collapse
|
31
|
Hirsch I, Janovec V, Stranska R, Bendriss-Vermare N. Cross Talk between Inhibitory Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation Motif-Signaling and Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Macrophages and Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:394. [PMID: 28439271 PMCID: PMC5383719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune cells sense microbial infection and self-ligands by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and regulatory receptors (RRs), associated with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). Rapid activation and concerted action of PRRs signaling and feedback inhibitory mechanisms must be engaged to ensure the host defense functions and to prevent cytotoxicity associated with excessive activation. ITAM-associated RRs can generate stimulatory or, paradoxically, inhibitory signals. The network of ITAM-associated RR, together with TLR-signaling pathways, are responsible for immunogenic or tolerogenic responses of macrophages and dendritic cells to their microenvironment. In macrophages, TLR4 signaling is inhibited by low-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated receptors, while high-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated receptors results in potentiation of TLR4 signaling together with resistance to extracellular cytokine microenvironment signals. In contrast to macrophages, TLR7/9 signaling in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) is inhibited by high-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated RR, while low-avidity ligation does not show any effect. Surprisingly, interference of ITAM-associated receptor signaling with TLR pathways has not been reported in conventional dendritic cells. Here, we present an overview of molecular mechanisms acting at the crossroads of TLR and ITAM-signaling pathways and address the question of how the high-avidity engagement of the ITAM-associated receptors in pDCs inhibits TLR7/9 signaling. Cellular context and spatiotemporal engagement of ITAM- and TLR-signaling pathways are responsible for different outcomes of macrophage versus pDC activation. While the cross-regulation of cytokine and TLR signaling, together with antigen presentation, are the principal functions of ITAM-associated RR in macrophages, the major role of these receptors in pDCs seems to be related to inhibition of cytokine production and reestablishment of a tolerogenic state following pDC activation. Pharmacologic targeting of TLR and ITAM signaling could be an attractive new therapeutic approach for treatment of chronic infections, cancer, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases related to pDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hirsch
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Cancer Research Center Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France.,Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Vaclav Janovec
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruzena Stranska
- Cancer Research Center Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France.,Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li F, Li X, Zou GZ, Gao YF, Ye J. Association between TLR7 copy number variations and hepatitis B virus infection outcome in Chinese. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:1602-1607. [PMID: 28321161 PMCID: PMC5340812 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i9.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore whether copy number variations (CNVs) of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) are associated with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
METHODS This study included 623 patients (495 males and 128 females) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) and 300 patients (135 females and 165 males) with acute hepatitis B virus infection (AHB) as controls. All CHB patients were further categorized according to disease progression after HBV infection (CHB, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma). Copy numbers of the TLR7 gene were measured using the AccuCopy method. χ2 tests were used to evaluate the association between TLR7 CNVs and infection type. P values, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects of risk.
RESULTS Among male patients, there were significant differences between the AHB group and CHB group in the distribution of TLR7 CNVs. Low copy number of TLR7 was significantly associated with chronic HBV infection (OR = 0.329, 95%CI: 0.229-0.473, P < 0.001). Difference in TLR7 copy number was also found between AHB and CHB female patients, with low copy number again associated with an increased risk of chronic HBV infection (OR = 0.292, 95%CI: 0.173-0.492, P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in TLR7 copy number among the three types of chronic HBV infection (CHB, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma). In addition, there was no association between TLR7 copy number and titer of the HBV e antigen.
CONCLUSION Low TLR7 copy number is a risk factor for chronic HBV infection but is not associated with later stages of disease progression.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fehri E, Ennaifer E, Ardhaoui M, Ouerhani K, Laassili T, Bel Haj Rhouma R, Guizani I, Boubaker S. Expression of Toll-like receptor 9 increases with progression of cervical neoplasia in Tunisian women--a comparative analysis of condyloma, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 15:6145-50. [PMID: 25124588 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.6145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed in immune and tumor cells and recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Cervical cancer (CC) is directly linked to a persistent infection with high risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) and could be associated with alteration of TLRs expression. TLR9 plays a key role in the recognition of DNA viruses and better understanding of this signaling pathway in CC could lead to the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches. The present study was undertaken to determine the level of TLR9 expression in cervical neoplasias from Tunisian women with 53 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens, including 22 samples of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC), 18 of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 7 of condyloma and 6 normal cervical tissues as control cases. Quantification of TLR9 expression was based on scoring four degrees of extent and intensity of immunostaining in squamous epithelial cells. TLR9 expression gradually increased from CIN1 (80% weak intensity) to CIN2 (83.3% moderate), CIN3 (57.1% strong) and ICC (100% very strong). It was absent in normal cervical tissue and weak in 71.4% of condyloma. The mean scores of TLR9 expression were compared using the Kruskall-Wallis test and there was a statistical significance between normal tissue and condyloma as well as between condyloma, CINs and ICC. These results suggest that TLR9 may play a role in progression of cervical neoplasia in Tunisian patients and could represent a useful biomarker for malignant transformation of cervical squamous cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emna Fehri
- HPV Unit Research. Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology Applied to Infectious Diseases, le Belvedere, Tunis, Tunisia E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tout I, Marotel M, Chemin I, Hasan U. HBV and the importance of TLR9 on B cell responses. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2017.3.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
35
|
Ward H, Tang L, Poonia B, Kottilil S. Treatment of hepatitis B virus: an update. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1581-1597. [PMID: 27855500 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a global health concern as it affects over 240 million people worldwide and an estimated 686,000 people die annually as a result of complications of the disease. With the development of newer antiviral drugs, viral suppression of HBV is achievable, however elimination of HBV from infected individuals (functional cure) remains an issue. Due to persistence of HBV DNA (cccDNA) in infected cells, chronically infected patients who discontinue therapy prior to HBsAg loss or seroconversion are likely to relapse. Several novel therapeutic strategies are being researched and studied in clinical trials. Here we review these novel strategies to achieve sustained cure or elimination of HBV. These strategies include the targeting of the host or viral factors required for viral persistence as well as therapeutic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haley Ward
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lydia Tang
- Division of Clinical Care & Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Bhawna Poonia
- Division of Clinical Care & Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Shyam Kottilil
- Division of Clinical Care & Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Han L, He H, Qu X, Liu Y, He S, Zheng X, He F, Bai H, Bo X. The relationships among host transcriptional responses reveal distinct signatures underlying viral infection-disease associations. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:653-65. [PMID: 26699092 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00657k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Genome-scale DNA microarrays and computational biology facilitate new understanding of viral infections at the system level. Recent years have witnessed a major shift from microorganism-centric toward host-oriented characterization and categorization of viral infections and infection related diseases. We established host transcriptional response (HTR) relationships among 23 different types of human viral pathogens based on calculating HTR similarities using computational integration of 587 public available gene expression profiles. We further identified five virus clusters that show consensus internal HTRs and defined cluster signatures using common dysregulated genes. Individual cluster signature genes were distinguished from one another, and functional analysis revealed common and specific host cellular bioprocesses and signaling pathways involved in confronting viral infections. Through literature investigation and support from epidemiological studies, these were confirmed to be important gene factors associating viral infections with cluster-common and cluster-specific non-infectious human disease(s). Our analyses were the first to feature differential HTRs to viral infections as clusters, and they present a new perspective for understanding infection-disease associations and the underlying pathogeneses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Neuroimmunopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China and Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Haochen He
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinyan Qu
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Song He
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchu He
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China. and No. 451 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochen Bo
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wei X, Li XZ, Zheng X, Jia P, Wang J, Yang X, Yu L, Shi X, Tong G, Liu H. Toll-like receptors and interferon associated immune factors responses to spring viraemia of carp virus infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:568-576. [PMID: 27263115 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) toll-like receptors (TLRs), antiviral agent interferon (IFN) and the effector IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) play a fundamental role in the innate immune response against viruses among all vertebrate classes. Common carp is a host for spring viraemia of carp virus (Rhabdovirus carpio, SVCV), which belong to Rhabdoviridae family. The present in-vivo experiment was conducted to investigate the expression of these innate immune factors in early phase as well as during recovery of SVCV infection by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A less lethal SVCV infection was generated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and was sampled at 3, 6, 12 h post infection (hpi), 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days post infection (dpi). At 3 hpi, the SVCV N gene was detected in all three fish and all three fish showed a relative fold increase of TLR2, TLR3 and TLR7, IFNa1, ISG15 and Vig1. Viral copies rapidly increased at 12 hpi then remained high until 5 dpi. When viral copy numbers were high, a higher expression of immune genes TLR2, TLR3, TLR7, IFNa1, IFNa2, IFNa1S, IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF7, interleukin 1β (IL1β), IL6, IL10, ADAR, ISG15, Mx1, PKR and Vig1 were observed. Viral copies were gradually reduced in 5 to 10 dpi fish, and also the immune response was considerably reduced but remained elevated. A high degree of correlation was observed between immune genes and viral copy number in each of the sampled fish at 12 hpi. The quick and prolonged elevated expression of the immune genes indicates their crucial role in survival of host against SVCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxian Wei
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiao Zheng Li
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaocong Zheng
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Xianle Yang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Li Yu
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Guixiang Tong
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sepehri Z, Kiani Z, Alavian SM, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. The link between TLR7 signaling and hepatitis B virus infection. Life Sci 2016; 158:63-9. [PMID: 27373425 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in recognition and induction of appropriate immune responses against viral infections, including hepatitis B. TLR7 detects intracellular viral single strand RNA which leads to the activation of several pro-inflammatory transcription factors via the MYD88 dependent pathway. Patients with prolonged infectious forms of hepatitis B, including active and inactive chronic forms, are unable to clear HBV from hepatocytes completely. It is believed that the differences in genetic and immunological parameters of the patients and clearance subjects, who successfully clear HBV infections, are the main factors responsible for allowing the long term infections to persist. It appears that defective expression of TLR7 may result in impaired immune responses against HBV. The aim of this review is to address the recent information regarding the crucial roles played by TLR7 in hepatitis B infection and also the main mechanisms used by HBV to escape from recognition by TLR7 in prolonged HBV infected patients. Considering that chronic hepatitis B infection is not yet curable, it could be possible to activate TLR7-related immunological pathways as a therapy directed towards persistent HBV infection. Hence, another aim of this study is to present recent developments of TLR7 agonists as a therapeutic strategy for chronic hepatitis B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sepehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zohre Kiani
- Zabol Medicinal Plant Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran; Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Baqiyatollah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatollah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Derek Kennedy
- School of Natural Sciences, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Aouar B, Kovarova D, Letard S, Font-Haro A, Florentin J, Weber J, Durantel D, Chaperot L, Plumas J, Trejbalova K, Hejnar J, Nunès JA, Olive D, Dubreuil P, Hirsch I, Stranska R. Dual Role of the Tyrosine Kinase Syk in Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156063. [PMID: 27258042 PMCID: PMC4892542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosslinking of regulatory immunoreceptors (RR), such as BDCA-2 (CD303) or ILT7 (CD85g), of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) efficiently suppresses production of type-I interferon (IFN)-α/β and other cytokines in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9 ligands. This cytokine-inhibitory pathway is mediated by spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) associated with the ITAM-containing adapter of RR. Here we demonstrate by pharmacological targeting of Syk that in addition to the negative regulation of TLR7/9 signaling via RR, Syk also positively regulates the TLR7/9 pathway in human pDCs. Novel highly specific Syk inhibitor AB8779 suppressed IFN-α, TNF-α and IL-6 production induced by TLR7/9 agonists in primary pDCs and in the pDC cell line GEN2.2. Triggering of TLR9 or RR signaling induced a differential kinetics of phosphorylation at Y352 and Y525/526 of Syk and a differential sensitivity to AB8779. Consistent with the different roles of Syk in TLR7/9 and RR signaling, a concentration of AB8779 insufficient to block TLR7/9 signaling still released the block of IFN-α production triggered via the RR pathway, including that induced by hepatitis B and C viruses. Thus, pharmacological targeting of Syk partially restored the main pDC function—IFN-α production. Opposing roles of Syk in TLR7/9 and RR pathways may regulate the innate immune response to weaken inflammation reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Besma Aouar
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Denisa Kovarova
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastien Letard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
- AB Science, Paris, France
| | - Albert Font-Haro
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan Florentin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Jan Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Durantel
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- UJF, INSERM U823, University Grenoble Alpes, EFS Rhone-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel Plumas
- UJF, INSERM U823, University Grenoble Alpes, EFS Rhone-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Katerina Trejbalova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Hejnar
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jacques A. Nunès
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Ivan Hirsch
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (RS); (IH)
| | - Ruzena Stranska
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (RS); (IH)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chang BW, Kaung A, Robbins L, Tran TT. Hepatitis B: Working Towards a Cure. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2016; 17:35. [PMID: 26275560 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-015-0460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
First-line oral therapies for hepatitis B are effective at viral suppression, and treatment can lead to biochemical improvement and histologic regression. Unfortunately, recommended endpoints of treatment such as HBeAg loss and seroconversion may not be durable, with high rates of seroreversion, requiring monitoring, and unfortunately, low rates of HBsAg loss/seroconversion. Additionally, meeting these endpoints requires years or even indefinite administration, leading to concerns regarding cost, side effects, and high rates of nonadherence. This article will review defined endpoints of therapy and their durability, the risks of long-term therapy, and the evolving new therapies aimed at a viral cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca W Chang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
New insights into the biological mechanisms involved in modulating periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss are paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies for periodontitis. The neutrophil adhesion cascade for transmigration in response to infection or inflammation is a key paradigm in immunity. Developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) is one of several newly identified endogenous inhibitors of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Del-1 competes with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on endothelial cells for binding to the LFA-1 integrin on neutrophils, thereby regulating neutrophil recruitment and local inflammation. In animal periodontitis models, Del-1 deficiency resulted in severe inflammation and alveolar bone loss, but local treatment with recombinant Del-1 prevented neutrophil infiltration and bone loss. The expression of Del-1 is inhibited by the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17. Nucleic-acid-receptor-mediated inflammatory responses may be important in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Bacterial nucleic acids released during inflammation are detected by host microbial DNA sensors, e.g., Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR-9), leading to the activation of pro- and/or anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. DNA from periodontitis-associated bacteria induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human macrophage-like cells through the TLR-9 and NF-κB signaling pathways, but had less effect on human osteoblasts. Inhibition of TLR-9 signaling in human macrophages reduced cytokine production in response to P. gingivalis DNA. Differential expression of a polymorphic site in the TLR-9 gene promoter region and increased TLR-9 gene and protein expression were reported in chronic periodontitis. Further research to confirm that periodontal bacterial DNA contributes to destructive inflammation in vivo could provide alternative therapeutic targets to control periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Hajishengallis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Dental School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS. Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure. Hepatology 2015; 62:1893-908. [PMID: 26239691 PMCID: PMC4681668 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global pathogen, infecting more than 240 million people worldwide. While treatment for HBV has improved, HBV patients often require lifelong therapies and cure is still a challenging goal. Recent advances in technologies and pharmaceutical sciences have heralded a new horizon of innovative therapeutic approaches that are bringing us closer to the possibility of a functional cure of chronic HBV infection. In this article, we review the current state of science in HBV therapy and highlight new and exciting therapeutic strategies spurred by recent scientific advances. Some of these therapies have already entered into clinical phase, and we will likely see more of them moving along the development pipeline. CONCLUSION With growing interest in developing and efforts to develop more effective therapies for HBV, the challenging goal of a cure may be well within reach in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Jake Liang
- Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD. USA
| | | | - Brian J. McMahon
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, AK. USA
| | - Marc G. Ghany
- Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD. USA
| | - Stephan Urban
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology and German Center for Infection Diseases (DZIF), Univ Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ju-Tao Guo
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA. USA
| | | | - Fabien Zoulim
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Dept of Medicine, Philadelphia VAMC & University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Anna S. Lok
- Div of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pacini L, Savini C, Ghittoni R, Saidj D, Lamartine J, Hasan UA, Accardi R, Tommasino M. Downregulation of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Expression by Beta Human Papillomavirus 38 and Implications for Cell Cycle Control. J Virol 2015; 89:11396-405. [PMID: 26339055 PMCID: PMC4645680 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02151-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against infections. Many oncogenic viruses can deregulate several immune-related pathways to guarantee the persistence of the infection. Here, we show that the cutaneous human papillomavirus 38 (HPV38) E6 and E7 oncoproteins suppress the expression of the double-stranded DNA sensor Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in human foreskin keratinocytes (HFK), a key mediator of the antiviral innate immune host response. In particular, HPV38 E7 induces TLR9 mRNA downregulation by promoting accumulation of ΔNp73α, an antagonist of p53 and p73. Inhibition of ΔNp73α expression by antisense oligonucleotide in HPV38 E6/E7 HFK strongly rescues mRNA levels of TLR9, highlighting a key role of ΔNp73α in this event. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that ΔNp73α is part of a negative transcriptional regulatory complex with IκB kinase beta (IKKβ) that binds to a NF-κB responsive element within the TLR9 promoter. In addition, the Polycomb protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), responsible for gene expression silencing, is also recruited into the complex, leading to histone 3 trimethylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) in the same region of the TLR9 promoter. Ectopic expression of TLR9 in HPV38 E6/E7 cells resulted in an accumulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21(WAF1) and p27(Kip1), decreased CDK2-associated kinase activity, and inhibition of cellular proliferation. In summary, our data show that HPV38, similarly to other viruses with well-known oncogenic activity, can downregulate TLR9 expression. In addition, they highlight a new role for TLR9 in cell cycle regulation. IMPORTANCE The mucosal high-risk HPV types have been clearly associated with human carcinogenesis. Emerging lines of evidence suggest the involvement of certain cutaneous HPV types in development of skin squamous cell carcinoma, although this association is still under debate. Oncogenic viruses have evolved different strategies to hijack the host immune system in order to guarantee the persistence of the infection. Their capability to evade the immune system is as important as their ability to promote cellular transformation. Therefore, understanding the viral mechanisms involved in viral persistence is a valid tool to evaluate their potential role in human carcinogenesis. Here, we show that E6 and E7 oncoproteins from the cutaneous HPV38 downregulate the expression of the double-stranded DNA sensor TLR9 of innate immunity. We also present evidence that the HPV38-mediated downregulation of TLR9 expression, in addition to its potential impact on the innate immune response, is linked to cell cycle deregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pacini
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Claudia Savini
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Djamel Saidj
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jerome Lamartine
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaires, CNRS UMR5534 et Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Uzma A Hasan
- Oncoviruses and Innate Immunity, INSERM U851, INSERM-I2V, UMS34444/US8, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Rosita Accardi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shahrakyvahed A, Sanchooli J, Sanadgol N, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. TLR9: an important molecule in the fight against hepatitis B virus. Postgrad Med J 2015; 90:396-401. [PMID: 24942353 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2013-132309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent infectious agent that can induce severe liver disease. Patients infected with long-term HBV, including chronic, asymptomatic and occult forms, cannot clear HBV from infected hepatocytes completely. It is not clear why some people can clear the infection while others cannot. Furthermore, the main mechanisms responsible for progression of the infections are not fully understood. It has been hypothesised that differences in genetic and immunological parameters between patients and subjects who successfully clear HBV infections are responsible for inducing the long-term forms of the infection. Previous investigations showed that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in immune responses, especially innate immunity, against viral infections, including hepatitis B. TLR9 detects intracellular viral dsDNA, which results in the activation of an immune response against HBV. However, defects in this system may result in an attenuated response ultimately leading to long-term HBV infections. Targeting the defects in TLR9 or reactivating the downstream pathways that are normally switched on by TLR9 in response to HBV infection is a new approach to the treatment of long-term HBV infection. However, the pathways and defects seen in patients with long-term HBV need to be thoroughly explored before therapeutics can be applied in the clinical setting. Furthermore, the apparently multigenic nature of long-term HBV infection suggests that treatment of patients may need to be personalised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Shahrakyvahed
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Javad Sanchooli
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Derek Kennedy
- School of Natural Sciences, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sawant A, Ponnazhagan S. Role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer bone dissemination. Oncoimmunology 2014; 2:e22983. [PMID: 23526329 PMCID: PMC3601166 DOI: 10.4161/onci.22983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) have been observed as breast cancer disseminates to the bone. The selective depletion of pDC in mice led to a total abrogation of bone metastasis as well as to an increase in TH1 antitumor response, suggesting that pDC may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Sawant
- Department of Pathology; The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Alexander SPH, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Spedding M, Peters JA, Harmar AJ. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14: catalytic receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:1676-705. [PMID: 24528241 PMCID: PMC3892291 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. The full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12444/full. Catalytic receptors are one of the seven major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, transporters and enzymes. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. A new landscape format has easy to use tables comparing related targets. It is a condensed version of material contemporary to late 2013, which is presented in greater detail and constantly updated on the website www.guidetopharmacology.org, superseding data presented in previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in conjunction with NC-IUPHAR and provides the official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate. It consolidates information previously curated and displayed separately in IUPHAR-DB and the Guide to Receptors and Channels, providing a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P H Alexander
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ilmarinen T, Hagström J, Haglund C, Auvinen E, Leivo I, Pitkäranta A, Aaltonen LM. Low expression of nuclear Toll-like receptor 4 in laryngeal papillomas transforming into squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 151:785-90. [PMID: 25205638 DOI: 10.1177/0194599814549730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The malignant transformation rate of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), a disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), has varied significantly. Cells of the human immune system express toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize particles from viruses and bacteria; TLRs are also present on tumor cells, and down-regulation of TLRs has been shown during the progression of HPV-associated neoplasia. The aim of this study was to determine the malignant transformation rate of laryngeal papillomas (LPs) and analyze the potential of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 immunoexpression as indicators of the increased cancer risk. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. SETTING Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We reviewed all patients with RRP treated for LPs between 1975 and 2011. Data from the Finnish Cancer Registry confirmed the number of patients diagnosed with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Laryngeal tissue specimens from patients developing LSCC were subjected to TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 immunohistochemistry. Nine patients with RRP without malignant transformation and 19 patients with LSCC without a pre-existing LP served as controls. RESULTS Nine of 324 patients (2.8%) with RRP developed LSCC. The intensity of nuclear staining of TLR4 was significantly lower in LPs transforming into LSCC than in LPs without malignant transformation. The expression of cytoplasmic TLR4 in LSCC correlated with tumor grade and T stage. Cytoplasmic TLR9 expression was significantly lower in LPs than in LSCC. CONCLUSION The expression of TLR4 may serve as a predictive marker of malignant transformation in LPs. High immunoexpression of cytoplasmic TLR4 in LSCC was associated with a more aggressive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taru Ilmarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eeva Auvinen
- Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Pitkäranta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena-Maija Aaltonen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Aranda F, Vacchelli E, Obrist F, Eggermont A, Galon J, Sautès-Fridman C, Cremer I, Henrik ter Meulen J, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch: Toll-like receptor agonists in oncological indications. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e29179. [PMID: 25083332 PMCID: PMC4091055 DOI: 10.4161/onci.29179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an evolutionarily conserved group of enzymatically inactive, single membrane-spanning proteins that recognize a wide panel of exogenous and endogenous danger signals. Besides constituting a crucial component of the innate immune response to bacterial and viral pathogens, TLRs appear to play a major role in anticancer immunosurveillance. In line with this notion, several natural and synthetic TLR ligands have been intensively investigated for their ability to boost tumor-targeting immune responses elicited by a variety of immunotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic interventions. Three of these agents are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or equivalent regulatory agencies for use in cancer patients: the so-called bacillus Calmette-Guérin, monophosphoryl lipid A, and imiquimod. However, the number of clinical trials testing the therapeutic potential of both FDA-approved and experimental TLR agonists in cancer patients is stably decreasing, suggesting that drug developers and oncologists are refocusing their interest on alternative immunostimulatory agents. Here, we summarize recent findings on the use of TLR agonists in cancer patients and discuss how the clinical evaluation of FDA-approved and experimental TLR ligands has evolved since the publication of our first Trial Watch dealing with this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Aranda
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Paris, France
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Paris, France
| | - Florine Obrist
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Paris, France
| | | | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | | | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1015; CICBT507; Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, UMRS1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; Villejuif, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Chronic HBV infection is a major public health concern affecting over 240 million people worldwide. Although suppression of HBV replication is achieved in the majority of patients with currently available newer antivirals, discontinuation of therapy prior to hepatitis B surface antigen loss or seroconversion is associated with relapse of HBV in the majority of cases. Thus, new therapeutic modalities are needed to achieve eradication of the virus from chronically infected patients in the absence of therapy. The basis of HBV persistence includes viral and host factors. Here, we review novel strategies to achieve sustained cure or elimination of HBV. The novel approaches include targeting the viral and or host factors required for viral persistence, and novel immune-based therapies, including therapeutic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rama Kapoor
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.) Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA ; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shyam Kottilil
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, NIH, Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sriram U, Xu J, Chain RW, Varghese L, Chakhtoura M, Bennett HL, Zoltick PW, Gallucci S. IL-4 suppresses the responses to TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation and increases the permissiveness to retroviral infection of murine conventional dendritic cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87668. [PMID: 24489947 PMCID: PMC3906189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Th2-inducing pathological conditions such as parasitic diseases increase susceptibility to viral infections through yet unclear mechanisms. We have previously reported that IL-4, a pivotal Th2 cytokine, suppresses the response of murine bone-marrow-derived conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and splenic DCs to Type I interferons (IFNs). Here, we analyzed cDC responses to TLR7 and TLR9 ligands, R848 and CpGs, respectively. We found that IL-4 suppressed the gene expression of IFNβ and IFN-responsive genes (IRGs) upon TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation. IL-4 also inhibited IFN-dependent MHC Class I expression and amplification of IFN signaling pathways triggered upon TLR stimulation, as indicated by the suppression of IRF7 and STAT2. Moreover, IL-4 suppressed TLR7- and TLR9-induced cDC production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-12p70 and IL-6 by inhibiting IFN-dependent and NFκB-dependent responses. IL-4 similarly suppressed TLR responses in splenic DCs. IL-4 inhibition of IRGs and pro-inflammatory cytokine production upon TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation was STAT6-dependent, since DCs from STAT6-KO mice were resistant to the IL-4 suppression. Analysis of SOCS molecules (SOCS1, −2 and −3) showed that IL-4 induces SOCS1 and SOCS2 in a STAT6 dependent manner and suggest that IL-4 suppression could be mediated by SOCS molecules, in particular SOCS2. IL-4 also decreased the IFN response and increased permissiveness to viral infection of cDCs exposed to a HIV-based lentivirus. Our results indicate that IL-4 modulates and counteracts pro-inflammatory stimulation induced by TLR7 and TLR9 and it may negatively affect responses against viruses and intracellular parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Sriram
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (US); (SG)
| | - Jun Xu
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Chain
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Linda Varghese
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marita Chakhtoura
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Heather L. Bennett
- Joseph Stokes, Jr. Research Institute, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Philip W. Zoltick
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Center for Fetal Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stefania Gallucci
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (US); (SG)
| |
Collapse
|