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Gaurav V, Mehta N, Gupta S. "Immunopeeling" Using Imiquimod for Xeroderma Pigmentosum. Indian Dermatol Online J 2024; 15:673-674. [PMID: 39050050 PMCID: PMC11265752 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_446_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gaurav
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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2
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Bhat L, Bhat SR, Ramakrishnan A, Amirthalingam M. Brilaroxazine lipogel displays antipsoriatic activity in imiquimod-induced mouse model. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13606. [PMID: 38363081 PMCID: PMC10870799 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine (D) and serotonin (5-HT) pathways contribute to psoriasis pathobiology. Disruptions incite increased inflammatory mediators, keratinocyte activation and deterioration, and worsening symptoms. Brilaroxazine (RP5063), which displays potent high binding affinity to D2/3/4 and 5-HT1A/2A/2B/7 receptors and a moderate affinity to serotonin transporter (SERT), may affect the underlying psoriasis pathology. METHODS An imiquimod-induced psoriatic mouse model (BALB/c) evaluated brilaroxazine's activity in a topical liposomal-aqueous gel (Lipogel) formulation. Two of the three groups (n = 6 per) underwent induction with 5% imiquimod, and one group received topical brilaroxazine Lipogel (Days 1-11). Assessments included (1) Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores (Days 1-12), skin histology for Baker score based on H&E stained tissue (Day 12), and serum blood collection for serum cytokine analysis (Day 12). One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett's t-test evaluated significance (p < 0.05). RESULTS Imiquimod-induced animal Baker scores were higher versus Sham non-induced control's results (p < 0.001). Brilaroxazine Lipogel had significantly (p = 0.003) lower Baker scores versus the induced Psoriasis group. Brilaroxazine PASI scores were lower (p = 0.03) versus the induced Psoriasis group (Days 3-12), with the greatest effect in the last 3 days. The induced Psoriasis group showed higher Ki-67 and TGF-β levels versus non-induced Sham controls (p = 0.001). The brilaroxazine Lipogel group displayed lower levels of these cytokines versus the induced Psoriasis group, Ki-67 (p = 0.001) and TGF-β (p = 0.008), and no difference in TNF-α levels versus Sham non-induced controls. CONCLUSION Brilaroxazine Lipogel displayed significant activity in imiquimod-induced psoriatic animals, offering a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Fischer B, Kübelbeck T, Kolb A, Ringen J, Waisman A, Wittmann M, Karbach S, Kölsch SM, Kramer D. IL-17A-driven psoriasis is critically dependent on IL-36 signaling. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256133. [PMID: 38162658 PMCID: PMC10754973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is an autoinflammatory and autoimmune skin disease, affecting 1-3% of the population worldwide. Previously, high levels of IL-36 family cytokines were found in psoriatic skin lesions, thereby contributing to keratinocyte hyperproliferation and infiltration of immune cells such as neutrophils. While treatment with anti-IL36 receptor (IL36R) antibodies was recently approved for generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), it remains unclear, if targeting the IL36R might also inhibit plaque psoriasis. Here we show that antibody-mediated inhibition of IL36R is sufficient to suppress imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation and represses the disease's development in a model that depends on IL-17A overexpression in the skin. Importantly, treatment with anti-IL36R antibodies inhibited skin inflammation and attenuated psoriasis-associated, systemic inflammation. This is possibly due to a widespread effect of IL36R inhibition, which not only suppresses pro-inflammatory gene expression in keratinocytes, but also the activation of other immune cells such as T-cells or dendritic cells. In conclusion, we propose that inhibition of the IL-36 signaling pathway might constitute an attractive, alternative approach for treating IL-17A-driven psoriasis and psoriasis-linked comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Kübelbeck
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia Kolb
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Ringen
- Center for Cardiology- Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Miriam Wittmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Center for Cardiology- Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) – Partner Site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Marcus Kölsch
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Medical Affairs, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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4
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Guo X, He C, Xin S, Gao H, Wang B, Liu X, Zhang S, Gong F, Yu X, Pan L, Sun F, Xu J. Current perspective on biological properties of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and dysfunction in gut. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1005. [PMID: 37773693 PMCID: PMC10510335 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a subtype of DC, possess unique developmental, morphological, and functional traits that have sparked much debate over the years whether they should be categorized as DCs. The digestive system has the greatest mucosal tissue overall, and the pDC therein is responsible for shaping the adaptive and innate immunity of the gastrointestinal tract, resisting pathogen invasion through generating type I interferons, presenting antigens, and participating in immunological responses. Therefore, its alleged importance in the gut has received a lot of attention in recent years, and a fresh functional overview is still required. Here, we summarize the current understanding of mouse and human pDCs, ranging from their formation and different qualities compared with related cell types to their functional characteristics in intestinal disorders, including colon cancer, infections, autoimmune diseases, and intestinal graft-versus-host disease. The purpose of this review is to convey our insights, demonstrate the limits of existing research, and lay a theoretical foundation for the rational development and use of pDCs in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing An Zhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Boya Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fengrong Gong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Luming Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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5
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Parab S, Doshi G. The Experimental Animal Models in Psoriasis Research: A Comprehensive Review. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109897. [PMID: 36822099 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory skin condition mediated by T cells. It differs from other inflammatory conditions by causing significant alterations in epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation that are both complicated and prominent. The lack of an appropriate animal model has significantly hindered studies into the pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis since animals other than humans typically do not exhibit the complex phenotypic features of human psoriasis. A variety of methods, including spontaneous mutations, drug-induced mutations, genetically engineered animals, xenotransplantation models, and immunological reconstitution approaches, have all been employed to study specific characteristics in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Although some of these approaches have been used for more than 50 years and far more models have been introduced recently, they have surprisingly not yet undergone detailed validation. Despite their limitations, these models have shown a connection between keratinocyte hyperplasia, vascular hyperplasia, and a cell-mediated immune response in the skin. The xenotransplantation of diseased or unaffected human skin onto immune-compromised recipients has also significantly aided psoriasis research. This technique has been used in a variety of ways to investigate the function of T lymphocytes and other cells, including preclinical therapeutic studies. The design of pertinent in vivo and in vitro psoriasis models is currently of utmost concern and a crucial step toward its cure. This article outlines the general approach in the development of psoriasis-related animal models, aspects of some specific models, along with their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi Parab
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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6
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Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus Extract Ameliorates Psoriasis-like Skin Inflammation via Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathways in a Murine Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235094. [PMID: 36501124 PMCID: PMC9736163 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat's beard (Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus) is a traditional medicinal plant, widely used in Chinese and Korean traditional medicine because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer activity. However, its effect on skin inflammatory diseases like psoriasis is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potency of A. dioicus extract (ADE) in in vitro and in vivo psoriasis models. ADE treatment significantly attenuated skin inflammation and improved skin integrity in imiquimod-treated mice by suppressing keratinocyte hyperproliferation, inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, and downregulating the expression of psoriatic markers. Further, ADE treatment suppressed protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) and Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling in HaCaT cells. Overall, the application of ADE relieves psoriasis-like skin inflammation possibly by regulating the Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, making it an effective alternative for psoriasis therapy.
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7
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Costa S, Bevilacqua D, Caveggion E, Gasperini S, Zenaro E, Pettinella F, Donini M, Dusi S, Constantin G, Lonardi S, Vermi W, De Sanctis F, Ugel S, Cestari T, Abram CL, Lowell CA, Rodegher P, Tagliaro F, Girolomoni G, Cassatella MA, Scapini P. Neutrophils inhibit γδ T cell functions in the imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049079. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic skin disease associated with deregulated interplays between immune cells and keratinocytes. Neutrophil accumulation in the skin is a histological feature that characterizes psoriasis. However, the role of neutrophils in psoriasis onset and development remains poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, we utilized the model of psoriasiform dermatitis, caused by the repeated topical application of an imiquimod containing cream, in neutrophil-depleted mice or in mice carrying impairment in neutrophil functions, including p47phox -/- mice (lacking a cytosolic subunit of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - NADPH - oxidase) and Sykfl/fl MRP8-cre+ mice (carrying the specific deletion of the Syk kinase in neutrophils only), to elucidate the specific contribution of neutrophils to psoriasis development.ResultsBy analyzing disease development/progression in neutrophil-depleted mice, we now report that neutrophils act as negative modulators of disease propagation and exacerbation by inhibiting gammadelta T cell effector functions via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We also report that Syk functions as a crucial molecule in determining the outcome of neutrophil and γδ T cell interactions. Accordingly, we uncover that a selective impairment of Syk-dependent signaling in neutrophils is sufficient to reproduce the enhancement of skin inflammation and γδ T cell infiltration observed in neutrophil-depleted mice.ConclusionsOverall, our findings add new insights into the specific contribution of neutrophils to disease progression in the IMQ-induced mouse model of psoriasis, namely as negative regulatory cells.
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8
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Numata T, Harada K, Nakae S. Roles of Mast Cells in Cutaneous Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923495. [PMID: 35874756 PMCID: PMC9298983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are present in all vascularized tissues of the body. They are especially abundant in tissues that are in frequent contact with the surrounding environment and act as potential sources of inflammatory and/or regulatory mediators during development of various infections and diseases. Mature mast cells’ cytoplasm contains numerous granules that store a variety of chemical mediators, cytokines, proteoglycans, and proteases. Mast cells are activated via various cell surface receptors, including FcϵRI, toll-like receptors (TLR), Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), and cytokine receptors. IgE-mediated mast cell activation results in release of histamine and other contents of their granules into the extracellular environment, contributing to host defense against pathogens. TLRs, play a crucial role in host defense against various types of pathogens by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. On the other hand, excessive/inappropriate mast cell activation can cause various disorders. Here, we review the published literature regarding the known and potential inflammatory and regulatory roles of mast cells in cutaneous inflammation, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and contact dermatitis GVHD, as well as in host defense against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Numata
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Harada
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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9
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Meng Y, Ma J, Yao C, Ye Z, Ding H, Liu C, Li J, Li G, He Y, Li J, Yin Z, Wu L, Zhou H, Shen N. The NCF1 variant aggravates autoimmunity by facilitating the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:153619. [PMID: 35788118 PMCID: PMC9374378 DOI: 10.1172/jci153619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a professional type I IFN producer that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, both genetic regulation of the function of pDCs and their relationships with autoimmunity are largely undetermined. Here, we investigated the causality of the neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) missense variant, which is one of the most significant associated risk variants for lupus, and found that the substitution of arginine (R) for histidine (H) at position 90 in the NCF1 protein (NCF1 p.R90H) led to excessive activation of pDCs. A mechanism study demonstrated that p.R90H reduced the affinity of NCF1 for phospholipids, thereby impairing endosomal localization of NCF1. As NCF1 is a subunit of the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex, this impairment led to an acidified endosomal pH and facilitated downstream TLR signaling. Consistently, the homozygous knockin mice manifested aggravated lupus progression in a pDC-dependent lupus model. More important, pharmaceutical intervention revealed that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) could antagonize the detrimental function of NCF1 p.R90H in the lupus model and systemic lupus erythematosus samples, supporting the idea that NCF1 p.R90H could be identified as a genetic biomarker for HCQ application. Therefore, our study provides insights into the genetic control of pDC function and a paradigm for applying genetic variants to improve targeted therapy for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyang Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihua Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuke He
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Lo SM, Hwang YS, Liu CL, Shen CN, Hong WH, Yang WC, Lee MH, Shen CR. Inhibiting TLR7 Expression in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Suppresses Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:736261. [PMID: 35069523 PMCID: PMC8766412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.736261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a model of human uveitis, is an organ-specific, T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Autoreactive T cells can penetrate the blood-retinal barrier, which is a physical defense composed of tight junction-linked retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cells serve as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the eye since they express MHC class I and II and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Although previous studies have shown that supplementation with TLR agonists exacerbates uveitis, little is known about how TLR signaling in the RPE contributes to the development of uveitis. In this study, we isolated the RPE from EAU mice, which were induced by active immunization (aEAU) or adoptive transfer of antigen-specific T cells (tEAU). The expression of TLRs on RPE was determined, and both aEAU and tEAU mice exhibited induced tlr7 expression. The TLR7 agonist R848 was shown to induce aggressive disease progression, along with significantly elevated levels of the uveopathogenic cytokine IL-17. Furthermore, not only IL-17 but also R848 appeared to enhance the inflammatory response and to impair the barrier function of the RPE, indicating that TLR7 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of EAU by affecting the behaviors of the RPE and consequently allowing the infiltration of autoreactive T cells intraocularly. Finally, local application of shRNA against TLR7 delivered by recombinant AAV effectively inhibited disease severity and reduced IFN-γ and IL-17. Our findings highlight an immunomodulatory role of RPE TLR7 in EAU development and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Lo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Biochemical Technology R&D Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Hong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Yang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hua Lee
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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11
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Gao L, Zhang L, Wang HL, Tian XQ, Liu WL, Hao Y. Identification of immune-related genes in atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and psoriasis: A bioinformatics analysis. DERMATOL SIN 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ds.ds_26_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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NF-κB1 Contributes to Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation by Inducing Vγ4 +Vδ4 +γδT17 Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1639-1649.e5. [PMID: 34774872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified NF-κB1 as a new disease susceptibility gene for psoriasis. Although accumulating evidence has shown the importance of NF-κB signaling in various cell types in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, it remains unclear how NF-κB1 contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In this study, we examined psoriasis-like skin diseases induced by topical administration of imiquimod in Nf-κb1‒deficient (Nf-κb1-/-) mice and littermate wild-type (WT) mice. Compared with WT mice, Nf-κb1-/- mice exhibited attenuated skin inflammation. The numbers of Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT17 cells, which cause skin inflammation in this model, were significantly reduced in the skin and draining lymph nodes in imiquimod-treated Nf-κb1-/- mice. Nf-κb1 is preferentially phosphorylated in Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT17 cells in WT mice. In vitro proliferation of Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT17 cells but not conventional CD4+ T cells was significantly impaired in Nf-κb1-/- mice compared with that in WT mice. RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that the expression of E2 factor target genes was decreased in Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT cells by the absence of NF-κB1. Consistently, the cell cycle progression of Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT cells was reduced in Nf-κb1-/- mice compared with that in WT mice. These results suggest that Nf-κb1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation by promoting the proliferation of Vγ4+Vδ4+γδT17 cells.
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13
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Cho SK, Chong BF. SnapshotDx Quiz: October 2021. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Garzorz-Stark N, Eyerich K. IFN-1s: Sentinels Shaping Distinct Immune Responses in Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:14-15. [PMID: 34565563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
IFN-1s are early sentinels of potential danger in skin. Two interconnected axes exist: plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) secreting IFN-α in response to single strand RNA or DNA and keratinocytes secreting IFN-κ after stimulation with double strand RNA or other IFNs. Both IFN-α and IFN-κ induce macrophages and DC subpopulations to secrete master regulators of cytotoxicity or wound healing, the latter related to psoriasis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Garzorz-Stark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Speth P, Jargosch M, Seiringer P, Schwamborn K, Bauer T, Scheerer C, Protzer U, Schmidt-Weber C, Biedermann T, Eyerich S, Garzorz-Stark N. Immunocompromised Patients with Therapy-Refractory Chronic Skin Diseases Show Reactivation of Latent Epstein‒Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus Infection. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:549-558.e6. [PMID: 34480891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of latent Epstein‒Barr virus (EBV) and/or Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a dreaded complication in immunocompromised patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Evidence is sparse on whether subclinical reactivation of viral infection may also be of clinical relevance in dermatological patients. We screened patients (N = 206) suffering from chronic skin diseases for subclinical reactivation of EBV and CMV infection. We found that immunocompromised patients with therapy-refractory chronic skin diseases showed higher rates of subclinical reactivation of CMV and EBV infection (6.7% vs. 0% for EBV and 16.7% vs. 5.6% for CMV) and a higher prevalence of virus-specific DNA in skin tissue (30.8% vs. 0% for EBV and 21.4% vs. 0% for CMV) than nonimmunocompromised patients with chronic skin diseases. T cells isolated from lesional skin exhibited up to 14-fold increased proliferation with production of T helper type 1 and T helper type 17 cytokines on stimulation with viral proteins, providing evidence for possible aggravation of the underlying skin diseases by viral infection. Improvement of skin lesions in patients with reactivation of CMV infection (n = 4) was observed on antiviral treatment. Our data suggest that subclinical reactivation of EBV and/or CMV infection is an under-recognized condition in the dermatological patient population with chronic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Speth
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manja Jargosch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Seiringer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University/Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cora Scheerer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University/Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie Garzorz-Stark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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16
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Myeloperoxidase Inhibition Ameliorates Plaque Psoriasis in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091338. [PMID: 34572970 PMCID: PMC8472607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a common inflammatory condition of the skin characterized by red, flaking lesions. Current therapies for plaque psoriasis target many facets of the autoimmune response, but there is an incomplete understanding of how oxidative damage produced by enzymes such as myeloperoxidase contributes to skin pathology. In this study, we used the Aldara (Imiquimod) cream model of plaque psoriasis in mice to assess myeloperoxidase inhibition for treating psoriatic skin lesions. To assess skin inflammation severity, an innovative mouse psoriasis scoring system was developed. We found that myeloperoxidase inhibition ameliorated psoriasis severity when administered either systemically or topically. The findings of this study support the role of oxidative damage in plaque psoriasis pathology and present potential new therapeutic avenues for further exploration.
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17
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Keratinocytes Regulate the Threshold of Inflammation by Inhibiting T Cell Effector Functions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071606. [PMID: 34206914 PMCID: PMC8306889 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst the importance of keratinocytes as a first-line defense has been widely investigated, little is known about their interactions with non-resident immune cells. In this study, the impact of human keratinocytes on T cell effector functions was analyzed in an antigen-specific in vitro model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nickel sulfate. Keratinocytes partially inhibited T cell proliferation and cytokine production. This effect was dependent on the keratinocyte/T cell ratio and was partially reversible by increasing the number of autologous dendritic cells. The inhibition of T cell proliferation by keratinocytes was independent of the T cell subtype and antigen presentation by different professional antigen-presenting cells. Autologous and heterologous keratinocytes showed comparable effects, while the fixation of keratinocytes with paraformaldehyde abrogated the immunosuppressive effect. The separation of keratinocytes and T cells by a transwell chamber, as well as a cell-free keratinocyte supernatant, inhibited T cell effector functions to the same amount as directly co-cultured keratinocytes, thus proving that soluble factor/s account for the observed suppressive effects. In conclusion, keratinocytes critically control the threshold of inflammatory processes in the skin by inhibiting T cell proliferation and cytokine production.
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18
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Sun Y, Zhou L, Chen W, Zhang L, Zeng H, Sun Y, Long J, Yuan D. Immune metabolism: a bridge of dendritic cells function. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 41:313-325. [PMID: 33792460 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1897124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of researches have shown that cell metabolism regulates cell function. Dendritic cells (DCs), a professional antigen presenting cells, connect innate and adaptive immune responses. The preference of DCs for sugar or lipid affects its phenotypes and functions. In many diseases such as atherosclerosis (AS), diabetes mellitus and tumor, altered glucose or lipid level in microenvironment makes DCs exert ineffective or opposite immune roles, which accelerates the development of these diseases. In this article, we review the metabolism pathways of glucose and cholesterol in DCs, and the effects of metabolic changes on the phenotype and function of DCs. In addition, we discuss the effects of changes in glucose and lipid levels on DCs in the context of different diseases for better understanding the relationship between DCs and diseases. The immune metabolism of DCs may be a potential intervention link to treat metabolic-related immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Long
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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19
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Therapeutic Benefit in Allergic Dermatitis Derived from the Inhibitory Effect of Byakkokaninjinto on the Migration of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9532475. [PMID: 33149758 PMCID: PMC7603581 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9532475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are well known to be essential immunocytes involved in innate and adaptive immunity. DCs are classified as conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Recently, the accumulation of pDCs in inflamed tissues and lymphoid tissues has been considered to be a possible contributing factor in the development of immunological diseases, but little is known about the pathophysiological roles of pDCs in immunological diseases. To date, many studies have demonstrated that many kinds of Kampo formulas can regulate immunological reactions in human immune diseases. Thus, we screened Kampo formulas to identify an agent that inhibits pDC migration. Furthermore, we investigated the therapeutic effects of these formulas on a murine DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis model. Bone marrow-derived pDCs (BMpDCs) were derived from the bone marrow cells of BALB/c mice in a culture medium with Flt3 ligand. The effects of Kampo formulas on BMpDC migration were evaluated by assessing the number, velocity, and directionality of BMpDCs chemotaxing toward the more concentrated side of a chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) gradient. The Kampo formulas that exerted inhibitory effects on pDC migration were orally administered to DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis model mice. Byakkokaninjinto reduced the number of migrated BMpDCs and suppressed the velocity and directionality of BMpDC migration in a chemotaxis assay. Gypsum Fibrosum and Ginseng Radix, which are components of byakkokaninjinto, obviously suppressed the velocity of BMpDC migration. Furthermore, Gypsum Fibrosum significantly suppressed the directionality of BMpDC migration. In DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis model mice, byakkokaninjinto markedly abrogated ear swelling in late-phase allergic reactions. In conclusions, byakkokaninjinto, which has an inhibitory effect on pDC migration, was able to prevent the occurrence of allergic contact dermatitis, suggesting that pDCs were involved in the onset of allergic contact dermatitis in the mouse model. Therefore, byakkokaninjinto is anticipated to be a therapeutic agent for disorders related to pDC migration.
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20
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Avcilar H, Eken A. Could imiquimod (Aldara 5% cream) or other TLR7 agonists be used in the treatment of COVID-19? Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110202. [PMID: 33254510 PMCID: PMC7434307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 is critical in recognition of single strand RNA viruses, including SARS CoV-2, and generation of anti-viral immunity. Coronaviruses evolved strategies to dampen the host immunity. Herein, we discuss the potential use of TLR7 agonists in the early stages of COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Avcilar
- Erciyes University, Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Eken
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
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21
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Brar KK. A review of contact dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 126:32-39. [PMID: 33091591 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To familiarize the reader with the mechanisms and causes of contact dermatitis. DATA SOURCES Recent research articles, relevant review articles, and case series/reports in English from PubMed database, mostly from 2010 onwards. STUDY SELECTIONS Most data were in the form of retrospective studies. Efforts were made to include clinical trials; however, for newer allergens and data on biologics, case series and case reports were included. Older studies regarding the mechanism were included if they were of particular importance. RESULTS An understanding of this review should enable the reader to approach the patient with unknown dermatitis with a better understanding of the cause and management. CONCLUSION Clinical suspicion for relevant allergens combined with the interpretation of patch tests are important in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwaljit K Brar
- Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.
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22
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Liu Y, Cook C, Sedgewick AJ, Zhang S, Fassett MS, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Harirchian P, Kashem SW, Hanakawa S, Leistico JR, North JP, Taylor MA, Zhang W, Man MQ, Charruyer A, Beliakova-Bethell N, Benz SC, Ghadially R, Mauro TM, Kaplan DH, Kabashima K, Choi J, Song JS, Cho RJ, Cheng JB. Single-Cell Profiling Reveals Divergent, Globally Patterned Immune Responses in Murine Skin Inflammation. iScience 2020; 23:101582. [PMID: 33205009 PMCID: PMC7648132 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response heterogeneity has impeded high-resolution dissection of diverse immune cell populations during activation. We characterize mouse cutaneous immune cells by single-cell RNA sequencing, after inducing inflammation using imiquimod and oxazolone dermatitis models. We identify 13 CD45+ subpopulations, which broadly represent most functionally characterized immune cell types. Oxazolone pervasively upregulates Jak2/Stat3 expression across T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Oxazolone also induces Il4/Il13 expression in newly infiltrating basophils, and Il4ra and Ccl24, most prominently in APCs. In contrast, imiquimod broadly upregulates Il17/Il22 and Ccl4/Ccl5. A comparative analysis of single-cell inflammatory transcriptional responses reveals that APC response to oxazolone is tightly restricted by cell identity, whereas imiquimod enforces shared programs on multiple APC populations in parallel. These global molecular patterns not only contrast immune responses on a systems level but also suggest that the mechanisms of new sources of inflammation can eventually be deduced by comparison to known signatures. Oxazolone pervasively upregulates Jak2/Stat3 expression across T cells and APCs Il4/Il13 induction in skin by oxazolone is dominated by infiltrating basophils Imiquimod broadly increases Il17/Il22 and Ccl4/Ccl5, extending to non-T cells Oxazolone induces more highly compartmentalized immune cell responses than imiquimod
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, ShaanXi, China
| | - Christopher Cook
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shuyi Zhang
- Department of Physics, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Marlys S. Fassett
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Roberto R. Ricardo-Gonzalez
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paymann Harirchian
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sakeen W. Kashem
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sho Hanakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob R. Leistico
- Department of Physics, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey P. North
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Charruyer
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nadejda Beliakova-Bethell
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0679, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Ruby Ghadially
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Theodora M. Mauro
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Kaplan
- Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaehyuk Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jun S. Song
- Department of Physics, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Raymond J. Cho
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Jeffrey B. Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Corresponding author
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23
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Kisipan ML, Ojoo RO, Kanui TI, Abelson KSP. Imiquimod does not elicit inflammatory responses in the skin of the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber). BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:416. [PMID: 32891181 PMCID: PMC7487461 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) has recently attracted interest in biomedical research due to its exceptional longevity, cancer resistance and tolerance to potentially harmful conditions or stimuli. Given its unique attributes, this study was designed to characterize inflammatory skin reactions of this animal to topical application of imiquimod, a toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonist that triggers psoriasis-like skin reaction. Results Imiquimod did not cause the expected psoriasis-like skin changes. There was no epidermal thickening and a straight epidermo-dermal boundary was maintained. There was no parakeratosis and the granular layer of epidermis was well formed. In the dermis, there was no leukocyte infiltration. This points to an exceptional nature of inflammatory/immune responses of this animal, but the mechanism could not be explained by our results. Naked mole rat could be a valuable negative model for studying psoriasis and other inflammatory skin conditions but as a prerequisite, there is need for further investigations to establish the mechanisms behind its lack of response to imiquimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosiany Letura Kisipan
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Egerton University, Egerton, P.O. Box 536, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya. .,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rodi Omondi Ojoo
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Titus I Kanui
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, 90200, Kenya
| | - Klas S P Abelson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Gudjonsson JE, Kabashima K, Eyerich K. Mechanisms of skin autoimmunity: Cellular and soluble immune components of the skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:8-16. [PMID: 32631499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are driven by either T cells or antibodies reacting specifically to 1 or more self-antigens. Although a number of self-antigens associated with skin diseases have been identified, the causative antigen(s) remains unknown in the great majority of skin diseases suspected to be autoimmune driven. Model diseases such as pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and more recently psoriasis have added greatly to our understanding of skin autoimmunity. Depending on the dominant T- or B-cell phenotype, skin autoimmune diseases usually follow 1 of 6 immune response patterns: lichenoid, eczematous, bullous, psoriatic, fibrogenic, or granulomatous. Usually, skin autoimmunity develops as a consequence of several events-an altered microbiome, inherited dysfunctional immunity, antigens activating innate immunity, epigenetic modifications, sex predisposition, and impact of antigens either as neoantigen or through molecular mimicry. This review summarizes currently known antigens of skin autoimmune diseases and discusses mechanisms of skin autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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25
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Schön MP, Manzke V, Erpenbeck L. Animal models of psoriasis-highlights and drawbacks. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:439-455. [PMID: 32560971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research into the pathophysiology of psoriasis remains challenging, because this disease does not occur naturally in laboratory animals. However, specific aspects of its complex immune-pathology can be illuminated through transgenic, knockout, xenotransplantation, immunological reconstitution, drug-induced, or spontaneous mutation models in rodents. Although some of these approaches have already been pursued for more than 5 decades and even more models have been described in recent times, they have surprisingly not yet been systematically validated. As a consequence, researchers regularly examine specific aspects that only partially reflect the complex overall picture of the human disease. Nonetheless, animal models are of great utility to investigate inflammatory mediators, the communication between cells of the innate and the adaptive immune systems, the role of resident cells as well as new therapies. Of note, various manipulations in experimental animals resulted in rather similar phenotypes. These were called "psoriasiform", "psoriasis-like" or even "psoriasis" usually on the basis of some similarities with the human disorder. Xenotransplantation of human skin onto immunocompromised animals can overcome this limitation only in part. In this review, we elucidate approaches for the generation of animal models of psoriasis and assess their strengths and limitations with a certain focus on more recently developed models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Veit Manzke
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Erpenbeck
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Wang Y, Li P, Zhang L, Fu J, Di T, Li N, Meng Y, Guo J, Zhao J. Stress aggravates and prolongs imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like epidermal hyperplasis and IL-1β/IL-23p40 production. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:267-281. [PMID: 32421901 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0320-363rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic multifactorial inflammatory skin disease with both genetic and environmental components. A number of studies have suggested that psoriasis episodes are often preceded by stressful life events. Nevertheless, the underline mechanisms of stress in psoriasis remain unexplored. To address this question, we established an emotional stress mouse model induced by empty bottle stimulation, and applied imiquimod (IMQ), a ligand of TLR7/8 and effective potent immune activator, on the dorsal skin to induce psoriasis-like lesions. We found that empty bottles induced emotional stress exaggerated and prolonged psoriasiform dermatitis, which appeared as more prominent epidermal hyperplasia in the emotional stress mice compared with the control mice. Higher mRNA expression of Il-1β, Il-17a, and Il-22, as well as higher secretion of IL-1β, IL-12p40, IL-17, and IL-22 were observed in the skin lesion of emotional stress mice. The emotional stress condition and IMQ treatment synergistically led to higher expression levels of neurotransmitters and their receptors in the skin, especially substance P (SP), we also found that SP could stimulate DCs to secrete more IL-23p40 in vitro. In addition, NK-1R antagonist partially abrogated enhanced epidermal thickness and the level of neurotransmitters in emotional stress mice. Taken together, these results indicate that stress exacerbates and prolongs psoriasiform dermatitis in mice by up-regulating IL-1β and IL-23p40, which were related to local DCs stimulated by abnormal SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Di
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ningfei Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Meng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Jianning Guo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinic and Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis, Dongcheng, Beijing, P. R. China
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Eyerich S, Metz M, Bossios A, Eyerich K. New biological treatments for asthma and skin allergies. Allergy 2020; 75:546-560. [PMID: 31444793 DOI: 10.1111/all.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergies are typically endemic, complex and heterogeneous diseases with a high impact at quality of life. Mechanistically, type 2 immune responses involving eosinophil and basophil granulocytes, mast cells and humoral factors such as IgE are key drivers of allergic diseases. Fighting allergic diseases knows three strategies: prevention, symptomatic and causative therapy. While remarkable progress was made in understanding molecular events in allergies as a prerequisite for effective prevention and desensitization, this review article focuses on the most efficient symptomatic treatments-that is using more and more specific antibodies neutralizing particular immune pathways. We highlight and classify recent and upcoming developments in the three prototype chronic allergic diseases allergic asthma, chronic spontaneous urticaria and atopic eczema. In all three examples, biologics such as dupilumab or omalizumab become reliable and efficient therapeutic options. Finally, we give an outlook how a diagnostic and therapeutic workflow might look like in the near future for these three major burdens of society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Helmholtz Center and Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Martin Metz
- Dermatological Allergology Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
| | - Apostolos Bossios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, and Department of Medicine, Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Allergy Research Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
- Unit of Dermatology and Venerology Department of Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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28
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Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, Al-Harbi NO, El-Sherbeeny AM, Alasmari AF, Alanazi WA, Alasmari F, Ibrahim KE, Al-Harbi MM, Bakheet SA, Attia SM. Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor suppresses imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in mice through regulation of IL-23/IL-17A in innate immune cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106215. [PMID: 31982823 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an unchecked chronic inflammation characterized by thick, erythematous, and scaly plaques on the skin. The role of innate immune cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is well documented. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) has been reported to execute important signaling functions in innate immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) and gamma delta T cells. However, whether inhibition of BTK would lead to modulation of innate immune function in the context of psoriatic inflammation remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the effect of selective BTK inhibitor, PCI-32765 on inflammatory signaling in CD11c + DCs and gamma delta T cells in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis-like inflammation. Our results show that IMQ treatment led to induction of p-BTK expression along with concomitant increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-23, TNF-α) in CD11c + DCs in the skin. Preventive treatment with BTK inhibitor led to significant reversal in IMQ-induced inflammatory changes in CD11c + DCs of skin. Further, there was a significant decrease in dermal IL-17A levels and IL-17A + γδ + T cells after treatment with BTK inhibitor. Furthermore, short treatment of back skin with IMQ led to upregulated expression of p-BTK along with inflammatory cytokines in CD11c + DCs (IL-23, TNF-α) and IL-17A in γδ + T cells which were reversed by BTK inhibitor. Overall, our study proposes that BTK signaling serves a crucial signaling function in innate immune cells in the context of psoriatic inflammation in mice. Therefore, BTK might be a promising therapeutic target to treat psoriatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M El-Sherbeeny
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Review-Current Concepts in Inflammatory Skin Diseases Evolved by Transcriptome Analysis: In-Depth Analysis of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030699. [PMID: 31973112 PMCID: PMC7037913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, high-throughput assessment of gene expression in patient tissues using microarray technology or RNA-Seq took center stage in clinical research. Insights into the diversity and frequency of transcripts in healthy and diseased conditions provide valuable information on the cellular status in the respective tissues. Growing with the technique, the bioinformatic analysis toolkit reveals biologically relevant pathways which assist in understanding basic pathophysiological mechanisms. Conventional classification systems of inflammatory skin diseases rely on descriptive assessments by pathologists. In contrast to this, molecular profiling may uncover previously unknown disease classifying features. Thereby, treatments and prognostics of patients may be improved. Furthermore, disease models in basic research in comparison to the human disease can be directly validated. The aim of this article is not only to provide the reader with information on the opportunities of these techniques, but to outline potential pitfalls and technical limitations as well. Major published findings are briefly discussed to provide a broad overview on the current findings in transcriptomics in inflammatory skin diseases.
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30
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Zhou Y, Han D, Follansbee T, Wu X, Yu S, Wang B, Shi Z, Domocos DT, Carstens M, Carstens E, Hwang ST. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) positively regulates imiquimod-induced, psoriasiform dermal inflammation in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4819-4828. [PMID: 31111624 PMCID: PMC6584593 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a membrane protein ion channel, is known to mediate itch and pain in skin. The function of TRPA1, however, in psoriasiform dermatitis (PsD) is uncertain. Herein, we found that expression of TRPA1 is highly up-regulated in human psoriatic lesional skin. To study the role of TRPA1 in PsD, we assessed Psoriasis Severity Index (PSI) scores, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin thickness and pathology, and examined dermal inflammatory infiltrates, Th17-related genes and itch-related genes in c57BL/6 as wild-type (WT) and TRPA1 gene knockout (KO) mice following daily application of topical IMQ cream for 5 days. Compared with WT mice, clinical scores, skin thickness change and TEWL scores were similar on day 3, but were significantly decreased on day 5 in IMQ-treated TRPA1 KO mice (vs WT mice), suggesting reduced inflammation and skin barrier defects. Additionally, the relative area of epidermal Munro's microabscesses and mRNA levels of neutrophil inducible chemokines (S100A8, S100A9 and CXCL1) were decreased in the treated skin of TRPA1 KO mice, suggesting that neutrophil recruitment was impaired in the KO mice. Furthermore, mast cells, CD31+ blood vascular cells, CD45+ leukocytes and CD3+ T cells were all reduced in the treated skin of TRPA1 KO mice. Lastly, mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 were decreased in TRPA1 KO mice. In summary, these results suggest a key role for TRPA1 in psoriasiform inflammation and raising its potential as a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Taylor Follansbee
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sebastian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenrui Shi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Dan T Domocos
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Mirela Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Earl Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Samuel T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
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Garzorz-Stark N, Eyerich K. Psoriasis Pathogenesis: Keratinocytes Are Back in the Spotlight. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:995-996. [PMID: 31010530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a T helper type 17-mediated immune disease. Initial triggers that lead to T helper type 17 production and inflammatory cell recruitment into skin are being delineated. Autoantigens that stimulate T helper type 17 cells are also being identified. A new and important piece of the puzzle indicates that keratinocytes not only amplify inflammation, but that they are essential for a full-blown IL-17-mediated psoriatic phenotype in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Garzorz-Stark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Munich, Germany.
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Al-Hage J, Akel R, Kurban M, Abbas O. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. Ann Dermatol 2019; 31:87-90. [PMID: 33911547 PMCID: PMC7992716 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2019.31.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Al-Hage
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Randa Akel
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ossama Abbas
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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33
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Fekete T, Sütö MI, Bencze D, Mázló A, Szabo A, Biro T, Bacsi A, Pazmandi K. Human Plasmacytoid and Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Display Distinct Metabolic Profile Upon RIG-I Activation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3070. [PMID: 30622542 PMCID: PMC6308321 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances reveal that metabolic reprogramming is required for adequate antiviral responses of dendritic cells (DCs) that possess the capacity to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. Several reports indicate that Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation of DCs is accompanied by a rapid induction of glycolysis; however, the metabolic requirements of retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) activation have not defined either in conventional DCs (cDCs) or in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) that are the major producers of type I interferons (IFN) upon viral infections. To sense viruses and trigger an early type I IFN response, pDCs rely on endosomal TLRs, whereas cDCs employ cytosolic RIG-I, which is constitutively present in their cytoplasm. We previously found that RIG-I is upregulated in pDCs upon endosomal TLR activation and contributes to the late phase of type I IFN responses. Here we report that TLR9-driven activation of human pDCs leads to a metabolic transition to glycolysis supporting the production of type I IFNs, whereas RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses of pDCs do not require glycolysis and rather rely on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity. In particular, TLR9-activated pDCs show increased extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), lactate production, and upregulation of key glycolytic genes indicating an elevation in glycolytic flux. Furthermore, administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of glycolysis, significantly impairs the TLR9-induced secretion of type I IFNs by human pDCs. In contrast, RIG-I stimulation of pDCs does not result in any alterations of ECAR, and type I IFN production is not inhibited but rather promoted by 2-DG treatment. Moreover, pDCs activated via TLR9 but not RIG-I in the presence of 2-DG are impaired in their capacity to prime allogeneic naïve CD8+ T cell proliferation. Interestingly, human monocyte-derived DCs (moDC) triggered via RIG-I show a commitment to glycolysis to promote type I IFN production and T cell priming in contrast to pDCs. Our findings reveal for the first time, that pDCs display a unique metabolic profile; TLR9-driven but not RIG-I-mediated activation of pDCs requires glycolytic reprogramming. Nevertheless, the metabolic signature of RIG-I-stimulated moDCs is characterized by glycolysis suggesting that RIG-I-induced metabolic alterations are rather cell type-specific and not receptor-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mate I. Sütö
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dora Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamas Biro
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bacsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pazmandi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Human and computational models of atopic dermatitis: A review and perspectives by an expert panel of the International Eczema Council. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:36-45. [PMID: 30414395 PMCID: PMC6626639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent disease worldwide and is associated with systemic comorbidities representing a significant burden on patients, their families, and society. Therapeutic options for AD remain limited, in part because of a lack of well-characterized animal models. There has been increasing interest in developing experimental approaches to study the pathogenesis of human AD in vivo, in vitro, and in silico to better define pathophysiologic mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers that predict therapeutic response. This review critically appraises a range of models, including genetic mutations relevant to AD, experimental challenge of human skin in vivo, tissue culture models, integration of “omics” data sets, and development of predictive computational models. Although no one individual model recapitulates the complex AD pathophysiology, our review highlights insights gained into key elements of cutaneous biology, molecular pathways, and therapeutic target identification through each approach. Recent developments in computational analysis, including application of machine learning and a systems approach to data integration and predictive modeling, highlight the applicability of these methods to AD subclassification (endotyping), therapy development, and precision medicine. Such predictive modeling will highlight knowledge gaps, further inform refinement of biological models, and support new experimental and systems approaches to AD. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019;143:36–45.)
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35
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Hsu PY, Yang HJ, Yang TH, Su CC. 5-hydroxytryptophan attenuates imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis probably through inhibition of IL-17A production and keratinocyte activation. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1273-1279. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yang Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Changhua Christian Hospital; Changhua Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Yang
- Department of Dermatology; Changhua Christian Hospital; Changhua Taiwan
| | - Tao-Hsiang Yang
- Environmental and Precision Medicine Laboratory; Changhua Christian Hospital; Changhua Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Su
- Department of Internal Medicine; Changhua Christian Hospital; Changhua Taiwan
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36
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Gallais Sérézal I, Hoffer E, Ignatov B, Martini E, Zitti B, Ehrström M, Eidsmo L. A skewed pool of resident T cells triggers psoriasis-associated tissue responses in never-lesional skin from patients with psoriasis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1444-1454. [PMID: 30268387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resident T cells are implicated in the maintenance and recurrence of psoriatic lesions. Whether skin that has not yet experienced psoriasis in patients with established disease harbors pathogenic T cells is less investigated. OBJECTIVE We sought to analyze the composition of resident T cells and T cell-driven tissue responses in skin never affected by psoriasis from patients with mild disease. METHODS Never-lesional skin from patients with psoriasis (NLP) was collected from those with mild disease. T-cell profiles were assessed by using confocal imaging and flow cytometry. Tissue responses to T-cell stimulation were measured by using multiplex and NanoString technology. RESULTS T-cell activation ex vivo triggered psoriasiform and type I interferon tissue responses in NLP psoriasis. Accordingly, keratinocytes from NLP responded to IFN-γ stimulation with myxovirus 1 (MX1) expression and IFN-α release. Additionally, CCR6-expressing resident T cells poised to produce IFN-γ and IL-17 were enriched in epidermis from NLP, whereas dermal tissue responses and T-cell compositions were similar to those in healthy skin. Finally, keratinocytes from NLP exposed to IL-17 and skin explants exposed to common fungal antigens responded with upregulation of the CCR6 ligand CCL20. CONCLUSION Epidermal resident T cells capable of triggering psoriasiform tissue responses accumulate in epidermis from NLP. Our global analysis of NLP reveals that microbial interplay with genetically predisposed keratinocytes might shape the local pool of resident T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irène Gallais Sérézal
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Dermatology, New Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Hoffer
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Dermatology, New Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Borislav Ignatov
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Dermatology, New Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Martini
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Dermatology, New Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Zitti
- Centre for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ehrström
- Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liv Eidsmo
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Dermatology, New Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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37
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Albanesi C, Madonna S, Gisondi P, Girolomoni G. The Interplay Between Keratinocytes and Immune Cells in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1549. [PMID: 30034395 PMCID: PMC6043636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease resulting from genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. To date, several immunopathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis have been elucidated, and, in the current model, the cross talk between autoreactive T cells and resident keratinocytes generates inflammatory and immune circuits responsible for the initiation, progression, and persistence of the disease. Several autoantigens derived from keratinocytes (i.e., LL37 cathelecidin/nucleic acid complexes, newly generated lipid antigens) have been identified, which may trigger initial activation of T cells, particularly IL-17-producing T cells, T helper (Th)1 and Th22 cells. Hence, lymphokines released in skin lesions are pivotal for keratinocyte activation and production of inflammatory molecules, which in turn lead to amplification of the local immune responses. Intrinsic genetic alterations of keratinocytes in the activation of signal transduction pathways dependent on T-cell-derived cytokines are also fundamental. The current review emphasizes the aberrant interplay of immune cells and skin-resident keratinocytes in establishing and sustaining inflammatory and immune responses in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Albanesi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI), IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI), IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Gisondi
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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van der Kolk T, Assil S, Rijneveld R, Klaassen ES, Feiss G, Florencia E, Prens EP, Burggraaf J, Moerland M, Rissmann R, van Doorn MBA. Comprehensive, Multimodal Characterization of an Imiquimod-Induced Human Skin Inflammation Model for Drug Development. Clin Transl Sci 2018; 11:607-615. [PMID: 29768709 PMCID: PMC6226121 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is often used as a topical challenge agent to provoke local skin inflammation. The objective of this study was to develop and refine a rapid, temporary, and reversible human skin inflammation model with IMQ for application in clinical drug development. A randomized, vehicle‐controlled, open‐label, dose‐ranging study was conducted in 16 healthy male subjects. IMQ (5 mg) was applied once daily for 72 hours under occlusion to intact skin (n = 8) or tape stripped (TS) skin (n = 8). Although IMQ alone induced limited effects, TS+IMQ treatment showed larger responses in several domains, including erythema and perfusion (P < 0.0001), mRNA expression of inflammatory markers (P < 0.01), and inflammatory cell influx compared with vehicle. In conclusion, a rapid, human IMQ skin inflammation challenge model was successfully developed with a clear benefit of TS prior to IMQ application. Future interaction studies will enable proof‐of‐pharmacology of novel compounds targeting the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salma Assil
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Gary Feiss
- Cutanea Life Science, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin Florencia
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Errol P Prens
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, El-Sherbeeny AM, Al-Harbi NO, Bakheet SA, Attia SM. Systemic inflammation in asocial BTBR T + tf/J mice predisposes them to increased psoriatic inflammation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:8-17. [PMID: 29287831 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Autistic Spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by defects in communication skills leading to restricted sociability. ASD has immense dysregulation in immune responses which is thought to affect neuronal system and thus behavior. ASD patients and BTBR T+ tf/J (BTBR) autistic mice have increased systemic inflammation due to dysfunction in innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent studies suggest that ASD patients are associated with several co-morbid autoimmune disorders including psoriasis. However underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon have not been explored. In this study, we used imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic inflammation in social C57BL/6 (C57) mice and asocial BTBR mice to investigate whether systemic inflammation in BTBR is associated with increased susceptibility to psoriatic inflammation. Our data shows that BTBR mice have increased expression of TLR7/IL-6/IL-23 in systemic DCs but not in skin as compared to C57 mice at baseline. This leads to much greater psoriatic inflammation in BTBR mice upon IMQ application than C57 mice. Consequently, BTBR mice also have higher Th17 related immune responses in the skin and systemic compartment. Overall our study suggests that systemic innate (TLR7/IL-23/IL-6 in DCs) and adaptive (Th17 related signaling) immune responses are heightened in BTBR mice at baseline which predisposes them for greater psoriatic inflammation than C57 mice upon IMQ application. This could be one of the reasons for increased psoriatic inflammation in patients with ASD. Therapies that aim to decrease immune activation may not only benefit ASD-associated neurobehavioral abnormalities but also comorbid disorders such as psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M El-Sherbeeny
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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