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Rosser F. Outdoor Air Pollution and Pediatric Respiratory Disease. Clin Chest Med 2024; 45:531-541. [PMID: 39069319 PMCID: PMC11286236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is ubiquitous, and no safe level of exposure has been identified for the most common air pollutants such as ozone and particle pollution. Children are uniquely more susceptible to the harms of outdoor air pollution, which can cause and exacerbate respiratory disease. Although challenging to identify the effects of outdoor air pollution on individual patients, understanding the basics of outdoor air pollution is essential for pediatric respiratory health care providers. This review covers basic information regarding outdoor air pollution, unique considerations for children, mechanisms for increased susceptibility, and association with incident and exacerbation of respiratory disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Rosser
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
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Chang-Chien J, Huang JL, Tsai HJ, Wang SL, Kuo ML, Yao TC. Vitamin D ameliorates particulate matter induced mitochondrial damages and calcium dyshomeostasis in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2024; 25:321. [PMID: 39174953 PMCID: PMC11342659 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria is prone to oxidative damage by endogenous and exogenous sources of free radicals, including particulate matter (PM). Given the role of mitochondria in inflammatory disorders, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we hypothesized that supplementation of vitamin D may play a protective role in PM-induced mitochondrial oxidative damages of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. METHODS BEAS-2B cells were pretreated with 1,25(OH)2D3, an active form of vitamin D, for 1 h prior to 24-hour exposure to PM (SRM-1648a). Oxidative stress was measured by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial functions including mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP levels, and mitochondrial DNA copy number were analyzed. Additionally, mitochondrial ultrastructure was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Intracellular and mitochondrial calcium concentration changes were assessed using flow cytometry based on the expression of Fluo-4 AM and Rhod-2 AM, respectively. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and MCP-1, were quantified using ELISA. The expression levels of antioxidants, including SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSH, and NADPH, were determined. RESULTS Our findings first showed that 24-hour exposure to PM led to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from mitochondria. PM-induced mitochondrial oxidation resulted in intracellular calcium accumulation, particularly within mitochondria, and alterations in mitochondrial morphology and functions. These changes included loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity, disarrayed cristae, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reduced ATP production, and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Consequently, PM-induced mitochondrial damage triggered the release of certain inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and MCP-1. Similar to the actions of mitochondrial ROS inhibitor MitoTEMPO, 1,25(OH)2D3 conferred protective effects on mtDNA alterations, mitochondrial damages, calcium dyshomeostasis, thereby decreasing the release of certain inflammatory cytokines. We found that greater cellular level of 1,25(OH)2D3 upregulated the expression of enzymatic (SOD1, SOD2, and CAT) and non-enzymatic (GSH and NADPH) antioxidants to modulate cellular redox homeostasis. CONCLUSION Our study provides new evidence that 1,25(OH)2D3 acts as an antioxidant, enhancing BEAS-2B antioxidant responses to regulate mitochondrial ROS homeostasis and mitochondrial function, thereby enhancing epithelial defense against air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Chang-Chien
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- College of Life Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ling Wang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wenhua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Luo J, Mao D, Lei X, Liu C, Zhang S, Yao Q, Li J, Zhang J, Yu X, Tian Y. Effect modification by maternal vitamin D status in the association between prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and neurodevelopment in 2-year-old children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108563. [PMID: 38461776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women in the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) of China faced dual threats of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and vitamin D (VD) insufficiency, potentially impacting offspring neurodevelopment. However, little is known about whether maternal VD status modifies PFAS-related neurodevelopment effect. OBJECTIVES To explore the modifying role of maternal VD status in the effect of prenatal PFAS exposure on childhood neurodevelopment. METHODS We included 746 mother-child pairs from the SBC. Ten PFAS congeners and VD levels were measured in maternal blood samples collected during the first and second trimester respectively. At 2 years of age, toddlers underwent neurodevelopment assessments using Bayley-III Scales. Multivariate linear, logistic regression, and weighted quantile sum approach were used to estimate associations of Bayley-III scores with individual and mixture PFAS. We stratified participants into VD sufficient and insufficient groups and further balanced PFAS differences between these groups by matching all PFAS levels. We fitted the same statistical models in each VD group before and after matching. RESULTS Nearly half (46.5 %) of pregnant women were VD insufficient (<30 ng/mL). In the overall population, PFAS exposure was associated with lower language scores and an increased risk for neurodevelopmental delay, but higher cognitive scores. However, adverse associations with PFAS were mainly observed in the VD sufficient group, while the VD insufficient group showed positive cognitive score associations. Higher PFAS concentrations were found in the VD sufficient group compared to the VD insufficient group. Post-matching, adverse associations in the VD sufficient group were nullified, whereas in the VD insufficient group, positive associations disappeared and adverse associations becoming more pronounced. CONCLUSION In this Chinese birth cohort, high prenatal PFAS exposure and low maternal VD levels collectively heighten the risk of adverse childhood neurodevelopment. However, disentangling PFAS and VD interrelationships is crucial to avoid paradoxical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092 Shanghai, PR China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dandan Mao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Lei
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shanyu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qian Yao
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, 200433 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200127 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Ying Tian
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200092 Shanghai, PR China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, PR China.
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Ge D, Chen Q, Xie X, Li Q, Yang Y. Unveiling the potent effect of vitamin D: harnessing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways as molecular targets to alleviate urban particulate matter-induced asthma inflammation. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:55. [PMID: 38273268 PMCID: PMC10809564 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common allergic disease characterized by an inflammatory response in the airways. Mechanismly, urban particulate matter (PM) is the most widely air pollutant associated with increased asthma morbidity and airway inflammation. Current research found that vitamin D is an essential vitamin with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other medical efficacy. Inadequate or deficient vitamin D often leads to the pathogenesis and stability of asthma. NGF exacerbates airway inflammation in asthma by promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation and inducing the Th2 immune response. Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway can exert a protective effect on the inflammatory response in bronchial asthma. However, the specific mechanism of this pathway in PM-involved asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells remains unclear. METHODS Mice were sensitized and challenged with Ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthma model. They were then exposed to either PM, vitamin D or a combination of both, and inflammatory responses were observed. Including, acetylcholine stimulation at different concentrations measured airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were collected for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Nerve growth factor (NGF) analysis. Additionally, lung tissues underwent histopathological examination to observe alveolar structure and inflammatory cell infiltration. Specific ELISA kits were utilized to determine the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Nerve growth factor (NGF). Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways were examined by western blot analysis. Meanwhile, we constructed a cell system with low HO-1 expression by lentiviral transfection of airway smooth muscle cells. The changes of Nrf2, HO-1, and NGF were observed after the treatment of OVA, PM, and Vit D were given. RESULTS The in vivo results showed that vitamin D significantly alleviated pathological changes in lung tissue of PM-exposed mice models. Mechanismly, vitamin D decreased substantial inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, as well as the number of inflammatory cells in BALF. Furthermore, vitamin D reduced the heightened inflammatory factors including of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NGF caused by PM exposure, and triggered the activity of nucleus Nrf2 and HO-1 in PM-exposed asthmatic mice. Notably, knockdown HO-1 weakens the Vitamin D- mediated inhibition to pollution toxicity in asthma. Importantly, in vitro experiments on OVA-stimulated mice airway smooth muscle cells, the results showed that OVA and PM, respectively, reduced Nrf2/HO-1 and increased NGF's expression, while vitamin D reversed the process. And in the HO-1 knockdown cell line of Lenti-si-HO-1 ASMCs, OVA and PM reduced Nrf2's expression, while HO-1 and NGF's expression were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The above results demastrate that vitamin D downregulated the inflammatory response and the expression of NGF by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in airway smooth muscle cells, thereby showing potent anti-inflammatory activity in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Qihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yungang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China.
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Zajac D, Wojciechowski P. The Role of Vitamins in the Pathogenesis of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108574. [PMID: 37239921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamins play a crucial role in the proper functioning of organisms. Disturbances of their levels, seen as deficiency or excess, enhance the development of various diseases, including those of the cardiovascular, immune, or respiratory systems. The present paper aims to summarize the role of vitamins in one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system, asthma. This narrative review describes the influence of vitamins on asthma and its main symptoms such as bronchial hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and airway remodeling, as well as the correlation between vitamin intake and levels and the risk of asthma in both pre- and postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Zajac
- Department of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Wojciechowski
- Department of Respiration Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland
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Louis LM, Buckley JP, Kuiper JR, Meeker JD, Hansel NN, McCormack MC, Diette G, Quirós-Alcalá L. Exposures to Organophosphate Esters and Respiratory Morbidity among School-Aged Children with Asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6435-6443. [PMID: 37040548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are an emerging class of chemicals used in a variety of consumer products as flame retardants, plasticizers, and additives. While prior epidemiologic studies suggest that OPEs may impact respiratory health, results remain inconclusive. We examined associations between urinary biomarkers of OPEs and symptoms of respiratory morbidity in a panel study of 147 predominantly Black school-aged children with asthma living in Baltimore City, Maryland. The study consisted of up to four seasonal, week-long, in-home visits where urine samples and self-reported asthma symptoms were collected on days 4 and 7 (nsamples = 438). We quantified concentrations of nine urinary OPE biomarkers: bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEtp), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), di-n-butyl phosphate (DBuP), di-benzyl phosphate (DBzP), di-o-cresylphosphate (DOCP), di-p-cresylphosphate (DPCP), di-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP), and 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo benzoic acid (TBBA). We estimated prevalence odds ratios (POR) of respiratory morbidity symptoms using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for our repeated measure design. We assessed BDCIPP and DPHP as continuous (log2) concentrations and dichotomized exposure of BCEtP, DBuP, and DPCP (detect vs non-detect) based on their lower detection frequencies. We adjusted models for season, visit day, age, gender, caregiver education, health insurance type, exposure to household smoking, atopy, and PM2.5. Higher DPHP concentrations were significantly associated with odds of daytime symptoms (POR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04-1.53; p = 0.02) where daytime symptoms consisted of trouble breathing due to asthma, reporting bother caused by asthma, and/or limitation in activities due to asthma. DBuP detection was associated with use of rescue medication on the day of sample collection (POR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.05-5.29; p = 0.04). We also observed several consistent, albeit non-significant (p > 0.05), positive associations for BCEtP and DPCP and respiratory morbidity measures. This is the first study to evaluate the relationship between OPE biomarkers and respiratory morbidity symptoms in children with asthma, and findings suggest that further studies are warranted to confirm whether these associations are causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M Louis
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jordan R Kuiper
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Meredith C McCormack
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Gregory Diette
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Knihtilä HM, Huang M, Prince N, Stubbs BJ, Carey VJ, Laranjo N, Mirzakhani H, Zeiger RS, Bacharier LB, O'Connor GT, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Lasky-Su J. Maternal vitamin D status modifies the effects of early life tobacco exposure on child lung function. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:556-564. [PMID: 36400177 PMCID: PMC9905288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies suggest that vitamin D may modify the effects of environmental exposures; however, none have investigated gestational vitamin D and cumulative tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) throughout pregnancy and early life. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of early life TSE on child lung function and the modulatory effects of gestational vitamin D on this association. METHODS The VDAART (Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial) recruited nonsmoking pregnant women and followed the mother-child pairs to age 6 years. TSE was assessed with questionnaires and plasma cotinine measurements in the mothers (10-18 and 32-38 gestational weeks) and children (1, 3, and 6 years). Cumulative TSE was calculated from the repeated cotinine measurements. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured at 10-18 and 32-38 gestational weeks. Lung function was assessed at 6 years with spirometry and impulse oscillometry. RESULTS Of the 476 mother-child pairs, 205 (43%) had increased cotinine levels at ≥1 time point. Cumulative TSE was associated with decreased FEV1 (β = -0.043 L, P = .018) and increased respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5; β = 0.060 kPa/L/s, P = .002). This association persisted in subjects with insufficient (<30 ng/mL) 25(OH)D levels throughout pregnancy (β = 0.077 kPa/L/s, P = .016 for R5) but not among those with sufficient levels throughout pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Cumulative TSE from pregnancy to childhood is associated with dose- and duration-dependent decreases in child lung function at 6 years even in the absence of reported maternal smoking. Gestational vitamin D may modulate this effect and have therapeutic potential for minimizing the adverse effect of TSE on lung throughout early life. RANDOMIZED TRIAL Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Childhood Asthma (VDAART); clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00920621.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M Knihtilä
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.
| | - Mengna Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Nicole Prince
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Benjamin J Stubbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Departments of Allergy Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California Region, San Diego, Calif; Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California Region, San Diego and Pasadena, Calif
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - George T O'Connor
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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8
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Li JM, Yang HY, Wu SH, Dharmage SC, Jalaludin B, Knibbs LD, Bloom MS, Guo Y, Morawska L, Heinrich J, Steve Hung Lam Y, Lin LZ, Zeng XW, Yang BY, Chen GB, Liu RQ, Dong GH, Hu LW. The associations of particulate matter short-term exposure and serum lipids are modified by vitamin D status: A panel study of young healthy adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120686. [PMID: 36400145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated to the adverse change in blood lipids. Vitamin D is beneficial to lipid metabolism, but whether vitamin D levels modifies the impact of air pollutants on lipids is unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate if vitamin D modifies the associations of PM and serum lipids in young healthy people. From December 2017 to January 2018, a panel study with five once weekly follow-ups was conducted on 88 healthy adults aged 21.09 (1.08) (mean (SD)) years on average in Guangzhou, China. We measured serum lipids, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (440 blood samples in total), mass concentrations of particulate matter with diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤1.0 μm (PM1.0), and ≤0.5 μm (PM0.5), and number concentrations of particulate matter with diameters ≤0.2 μm (PN0.2) and ≤0.1 μm (PN0.1) at each follow-up. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to assess the interaction of vitamin D and size-fractionated PM short-term exposure on four lipid metrics. We found the interactions between 25(OH)D and size-fractionated PM exposure on blood lipids in different lags (lag 3 days and 4 days). An interquartile range increase in PM2.5, PM1.0, PM0.5 were significantly associated with increments of 12.30%, 12.99%, and 13.66% in triglycerides (TGs) at lag 4 days at vitamin D levels <15 ng/mL group, respectively. Similar results were found for PN0.2, PN0.1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). All the associations between size-fractionated PM and blood lipids were found null statistically significant in vitamin D levels ≥15 ng/mL group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Min Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Han-Yu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Si-Han Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Centre for Research, Evidence Management and Surveillance, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW, 2037, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine Sydney, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Lidia Morawska
- Queensland University of Technology, International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, German Center for Lung Research, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Yim Steve Hung Lam
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gong-Bo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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9
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Kim HJ, Kim HS, Kim S, Hwang J, Lee H, Park B, Kim B. Effects of vitamin D on associations between air pollution and mental health outcomes in Korean adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). J Affect Disord 2023; 320:390-396. [PMID: 36183827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that low individual vitamin D levels enhance adverse effects associated with air pollution on mental health conditions. The aim of this study was to identify associations between ambient air pollution exposure, mental health, and serum vitamin D status in the general population of South Korea. METHODS We included national representative data for 29,373 adults in the final analysis. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations to assess vitamin D status for each participant. We assessed mental health factors (i.e., perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation), and analyzed associations between these factors and individuals' annual average exposures to air pollutants, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide (CO). RESULTS Using an adjusted model, we found PM10 affected mental health outcomes, such as perceived stress (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-1.09), depression symptoms (OR = 1.12; 95 % CI = 1.06-1.18), and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.11; 95 % CI = 1.05-1.17). Effects of the pollutants NO2 and CO were significant only in the group with perceived stress and depressive symptoms. PM10 and NO2 exposures were significantly associated with increased odds of adverse mental health in participants with vitamin D deficiency. LIMITATIONS Since the cross-sectional design of KNHANES data, it is not possible to evaluate the causal relationship between air pollution exposure, vitamin D status and mental health. CONCLUSIONS This study results suggest that associations between ambient air pollution and mental health outcomes were stronger in participants with vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Hwang
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungmi Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Loftus CT, Szpiro AA, Workman T, Wallace ER, Hazlehurst MF, Day DB, Ni Y, Carroll KN, Adgent MA, Moore PE, Barrett ES, Nguyen RHN, Kannan K, Robinson M, Masterson EE, Tylavsky FA, Bush NR, LeWinn KZ, Sathyanarayana S, Karr CJ. Maternal exposure to urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in pregnancy and childhood asthma in a pooled multi-cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107494. [PMID: 36279735 PMCID: PMC9810359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) may increase risk of pediatric asthma, but existing human studies are limited. OBJECTIVES We estimated associations between gestational PAHs and pediatric asthma in a diverse US sample and evaluated effect modification by child sex, maternal asthma, and prenatal vitamin D status. METHODS We pooled two prospective pregnancy cohorts in the ECHO PATHWAYS Consortium, CANDLE and TIDES, for an analytic sample of N = 1296 mother-child dyads. Mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs) were measured in mid-pregnancy urine. Mothers completed the International Study on Allergies and Asthma in Childhood survey at child age 4-6 years. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to estimate relative risk of current wheeze, current asthma, ever asthma, and strict asthma associated with each metabolite, adjusted for potential confounders. We used interaction models to assess effect modification. We explored associations between OH-PAH mixtures and outcomes using logistic weighted quantile sum regression augmented by a permutation test to control Type 1 errors. RESULTS The sociodemographically diverse sample spanned five cities. Mean (SD) child age at assessment was 4.4 (0.4) years. While there was little evidence that either individual OH-PAHs or mixtures were associated with outcomes, we observed effect modification by child sex for most pairs of OH-PAHs and outcomes, with adverse associations specific to females. For example, a 2-fold increase in 2-hydroxy-phenanthrene was associated with current asthma in females but not males (RRfemale = 1.29 [95 % CI: 1.09, 1.52], RRmale = 0.95 [95 % CI: 0.79, 1.13]; pinteraction = 0.004). There was no consistent evidence of modification by vitamin D status or maternal asthma. DISCUSSION This analysis, the largest cohort study of gestational PAH exposure and childhood asthma to date, suggests adverse associations for females only. These preliminary findings are consistent with hypothesized endocrine disruption properties of PAHs, which may lead to sexually dimorphic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tomomi Workman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erin R Wallace
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marnie F Hazlehurst
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Drew B Day
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yu Ni
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ruby H N Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Morgan Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Erin E Masterson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frances A Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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11
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Du Z, Hu J, Lin L, Liang Q, Sun M, Sun Z, Duan J. Melatonin alleviates PM 2.5 -induced glucose metabolism disorder and lipidome alteration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12823. [PMID: 35986482 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) was associated with an increased incidence of liver metabolic disease. Melatonin has been shown to prevent liver glucolipid metabolism disorders. However, whether melatonin could rescue PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic abnormalities remains uncertain. This study was to evaluate the mitigating effect of melatonin on PM2.5 -accelerated hepatic glucose metabolism imbalance in vivo and in vitro. Schiff periodic acid shiff staining and other results showed that PM2.5 led to a decrease in hepatic glycogen reserve and an increase in glucose content, which was effectively alleviated by melatonin. Targeted lipidomics is used to identify lipid biomarkers associated with this process, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids. In addition, gene microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of ApoE-/- mice liver suggested that PM2.5 activated the miR-200a-3p and inhibited DNAJB9, and the targeting relationship was verified by luciferase reports for the first time. Further investigation demonstrated that DNAJB9 might motivate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, thus altering the protein expression of GSK3B, FOXO1, and PCK2. Meanwhile, melatonin effectively inhibited miR-200a-3p and glucose metabolism disorder. Knockout of miR-200a-3p in L02 cells revealed that miR-200a-3p is indispensable in the damage of PM2.5 and the therapeutic effect of melatonin. In summary, melatonin alleviated PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic dysregulation by regulating ER stress via miR-200a-3p/DNAJB9 signaling pathway. Our data provide a prospective targeted therapy for air pollution-related liver metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Reyes-Angel J, Kaviany P, Rastogi D, Forno E. Obesity-related asthma in children and adolescents. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2022; 6:713-724. [PMID: 35988550 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence of an obesity-related asthma phenotype. Compared to children of healthy weight, children with obesity are at higher risk of asthma. Children with obesity who have asthma have greater severity and poorer control of their asthma symptoms, more frequent asthma exacerbations, and overall lower asthma-related quality of life than children with asthma who have a healthy weight. In this Review, we examine some of the latest evidence on the characteristics of this phenotype and its main underlying mechanisms, including genetics and genomics, changes in airway mechanics and lung function, sex hormone differences, alterations in immune responses, systemic and airway inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and modifications in the microbiome. We also review current recommendations for the treatment of these children, including in the management of their asthma, and current evidence for weight loss interventions. We then discuss initial evidence for potential novel therapeutic approaches, such as dietary modifications and supplements, antidiabetic medications, and statins. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps and future directions to improve our understanding of asthma in children with obesity, and to improve outcomes in these susceptible children. We highlight important needs, such as designing paediatric-specific studies, implementing large multicentric trials with standardised interventions and outcomes, and including racial and ethnic groups along with other under-represented populations that are particularly affected by obesity and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Reyes-Angel
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Pediatric Asthma Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Parisa Kaviany
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deepa Rastogi
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Pediatric Asthma Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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13
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Li Q, Zhou Q, Zhang G, Tian X, Li Y, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Luo Z. Vitamin D Supplementation and Allergic Diseases during Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:3947. [PMID: 36235600 PMCID: PMC9571357 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of vitamin D (VitD) supplementation on children with allergic diseases. MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, and three Chinese databases were searched up to 15 August 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a VitD supplementation versus a placebo for children with allergic diseases were included. Thirty-two RCTs with 2347 participants were included. VitD supplementation did not reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations in children compared with placebo overall (risk ratio (RR) = 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65 to 1.08, p = 0.18), but reduced the risk of asthma exacerbation in children with baseline serum 25(OH)D of <10 ng/mL compared with placebo (RR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.83, p = 0.009). VitD supplementation significantly reduced Scoring Atopic Dermatitis or the Eczema Area and Severity Index scores in children with atopic dermatitis compared with placebo (standard mean difference = −0.5, 95% CI: −0.87 to −0.12, p = 0.009). VitD supplementation also reduced the symptom-medication score in children with allergic rhinitis compared with placebo (mean (standard deviation): 43.7 (3.3) vs. 57.8 (4.4), p = 0.001). In conclusion, VitD supplementation did not reduce asthma exacerbation risk in children overall but may reduce asthma exacerbation risk in children with serum 25(OH)D concentration < 10 ng/mL. VitD supplementation reduces the severity of atopic dermatitis and symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xiaoyin Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Research Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Chinese GRADE Centre, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Lanzhou University, An Affiliate of the Cochrane China Network, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Chevidence Lab of Child and Adolescent Health, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400010, China
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14
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Wong M, Forno E, Celedón JC. Asthma interactions between obesity and other risk factors. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 129:301-306. [PMID: 35500862 PMCID: PMC10825856 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and critically discuss published evidence on interactions between obesity and selected risk factors on asthma in children and adults, and to discuss potential future directions in this field. DATA SOURCES National Library of Medicine (via PubMed) STUDY SELECTION: A literature search was conducted for human studies on obesity and selected interactions (with sex, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, indoor and outdoor pollutants, depression, anxiety, and diet) on asthma. Studies that were published in English and contained a full text were considered for inclusion in this review. RESULTS Current evidence supports interactions between obesity and outdoor and indoor air pollutants (including second-hand smoke [SHS]) on enhancing asthma risk, although there are sparse data on the specific pollutants underlying such interactions. Limited evidence also suggests that obesity may modify the effects of depression or anxiety on asthma, whereas little is known about potential interactions between obesity and sex-hormone levels or dietary patterns. CONCLUSION Well-designed observational prospective studies (eg, for pollutants and sex hormones) and randomized clinical trials (eg, for the treatment of depression) should help establish the impact of modifying coexisting exposures to reduce the harmful effects of obesity on asthma. Such studies should be designed to have a sample size that is large enough to allow adequate testing of interactions between obesity and risk factors that are identified a priori and thus, well characterized, using objective measures and biomarkers (eg, urinary or serum cotinine for SHS, epigenetic marks of specific environmental exposures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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15
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Louis LM, Quirós-Alcalá L, Kuiper JR, Diette G, Hansel NN, McCormack MC, Meeker JD, Buckley JP. Variability and predictors of urinary organophosphate ester concentrations among school-aged children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113192. [PMID: 35346652 PMCID: PMC9232954 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPE) are flame retardants and plasticizers used in a wide range of consumer products. Despite their widespread use, few studies have characterized pediatric exposures. We assessed variability and predictors of OPE exposures in a cohort panel study of 179 predominantly Black school-aged children with asthma in Baltimore City, MD. The study design included up to four seasonal week-long in-home study visits with urine sample collection on days 4 and 7 of each visit (nsamples = 618). We quantified concentrations of 9 urinary OPE biomarkers: bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEtp), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), di-benzyl phosphate (DBuP), di-benzyl phosphate, di-o-cresylphosphate, di-p-cresylphosphate (DPCP), di-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP), 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo benzoic acid. We assessed potential predictors of exposure, including demographic factors, household characteristics, and cleaning behaviors. We calculated Spearman/tetrachoric correlations and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to examine within-week and seasonal intra-individual variability, respectively. We assessed OPE predictors using linear models for continuous log2 concentrations (BDCPP and DPHP) and logistic models for odds of detection (BCEtP, DBuP, DPCP), with generalized estimating equations to account for repeated measures. For all OPEs, we observed moderate within-week correlations (rs: 0.31-0.63) and weak to moderate seasonal reliability (ICC: 0.18-0.38). BDCPP and DPHP concentrations were higher in the summer compared to other seasons. DPHP concentrations were lower among males than females (%diff: -53.5%; 95% CI: -62.7, -42.0) and among participants spending >12 h/day indoors compared to ≤12 h (%diff: -20.7%; 95% CI: -32.2, -7.3). BDCPP concentrations were lower among children aged 8-10 years compared to 5-7 years (%diff: -39.1%; 95% CI: -55.9, -15.9) and higher among children riding in a vehicle on the day of sample collection compared to those who had not (%diff: 28.5%; 95% CI: 3.4, 59.8). This study is the first to characterize within-week and seasonal variability and identify predictors of OPE biomarkers among Black school-aged children, a historically understudied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M Louis
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jordan R Kuiper
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregory Diette
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meredith C McCormack
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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16
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Shi X, Zheng Y, Cui H, Zhang Y, Jiang M. Exposure to outdoor and indoor air pollution and risk of overweight and obesity across different life periods: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113893. [PMID: 35917711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the highly evolved industrialization and modernization, air quality has deteriorated in most countries. As reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is now considered as one of the major threats to global health and a principal risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. Meanwhile, the increasing worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity is attracting more public attentions. Recently, accumulating epidemiological studies have provided evidence that overweight and obesity may be partially attributable to environmental exposure to air pollution. This review summarizes the epidemiological evidence for the correlation between exposure to various outdoor and indoor air pollutants (mainly particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) and overweight and obesity outcomes in recent years. Moreover, it discusses the multiple effects of air pollution during exposure periods throughout life and sex differences in populations. This review also describes the potential mechanism underlying the increased risk of obesity caused by air pollution, including inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic imbalance, intestinal flora disorders and epigenetic modifications. Finally, this review proposes macro- and micro-measures to prevent the negative effects of air pollution exposure on the obesity prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Shi
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiwen Cui
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Menghui Jiang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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17
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Melatonin Alleviates PM 2.5-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in ApoE -/- Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8688643. [PMID: 35720187 PMCID: PMC9200552 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8688643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with the risk of developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Melatonin is the main secreted product of the pineal gland and has been reported to prevent hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. However, it remains uncertain whether melatonin could protect against PM2.5-induced MAFLD. Methods and Results The purpose of our study was to investigate the mitigating effects of melatonin on hepatic fatty degeneration accelerated by PM2.5 in vivo and in vitro. Histopathological analysis and ultrastructural images showed that PM2.5 induced hepatic steatosis and lipid vacuolation in ApoE−/− mice, which could be effectively alleviated by melatonin administration. Increased ROS production and decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes were detected in the PM2.5-treated group, whereas melatonin showed recovery effects after PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in both the liver and L02 cells. Further investigation revealed that PM2.5 induced oxidative stress to activate PTP1B, which in turn had a positive feedback regulation effect on ROS release. When a PTP1B inhibitor or melatonin was administered, SP1/SREBP-1 signalling was effectively suppressed, while Nrf2/Keap1 signalling was activated in the PM2.5-treated groups. Conclusion Our study is the first to show that melatonin alleviates the disturbance of PM2.5-triggered hepatic steatosis and liver damage by regulating the ROS-mediated PTP1B and Nrf2 signalling pathways in ApoE−/− mice. These results suggest that melatonin administration might be a prospective therapy for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD associated with air pollution.
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Association between Diet Quality and Adolescent Wheezing: Effect Modification by Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:1328-1337. [PMID: 35263245 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202107-837oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Protective effects of a high quality diet on respiratory health, particularly among youths exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), are unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess if a higher quality diet is associated with improved respiratory symptoms and lung function among adolescents, and if these associations are modified by ETS exposure. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study on 7,026 nonsmoking adolescents of the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 score (HEI-2010), categorized into quintiles. ETS exposure was measured using serum cotinine, dichotomized as high (>2.99 ng/ml) or low (≤2.99 ng/ml). Outcomes included the presence of wheezing and cough symptoms in the past 12 months, and in a sub-group, spirometric lung function. Survey-design adjusted logistic and linear models evaluated associations between diet and 1) respiratory symptoms and 2) lung function, respectively, and assessed the interaction between HEI-2010 and serum cotinine. RESULTS While there were no significant associations between diet quality and respiratory symptoms, there was a significant interaction between HEI-2010 and serum cotinine on wheezing (pint = 0.011). In models stratified by serum cotinine, adolescents with high serum cotinine and the healthiest diet (5th quintile HEI-2010) experienced lower wheezing odds (OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.02-0.61), compared to those with the poorest diet (1st quintile HEI-2010). In contrast, among adolescents with low serum cotinine, there were no significant differences in any respiratory symptoms between those with the highest, compared to the lowest diet quality. Of the sub-group with spirometry data (n = 3,166), there was a trend towards better lung function with improving diet quality, although this did not achieve statistical significance. There was no effect modification by ETS exposure on the relationship between diet quality and lung function. CONCLUSIONS Consuming a higher quality diet was associated with lower wheezing odds in adolescents with substantial ETS exposure. While longitudinal studies are needed, public health interventions to improve diet quality in vulnerable, environmentally-exposed populations merit consideration.
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Wu M, Xie J, Zhou Z, Wang L, Hu Y, Sun Y, Wang Y, Tian Y. Fine particulate matter, vitamin D, physical activity, and major depressive disorder in elderly adults: Results from UK Biobank. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:233-238. [PMID: 34879260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the association between PM2.5 exposure and major depressive disorder, and to examine whether vitamin D and physical activity could attenuate the impact of PM2.5 on major depressive disorder. METHODS 39168 elderly adults (age≥60 years) who had valid estimates on exposure of PM2.5 in 2010 and data on major depressive disorder were extracted from the UK Biobank. Major depressive disorder was assessed by lifetime experience of mild, moderate, and severe major depression with validated instruments. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between PM2.5 exposure and major depressive disorder. RESULTS A total of 9079 participants had major depressive disorder, with a prevalence of 23.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of major depressive disorder was 1.096 (1.023, 1.175) for participants in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of PM2.5. The correlation of PM2.5 with major depressive disorder generally increased with the decreasing levels of vitamin D. For instance, in participants with the highest quartile of PM2.5, the corresponding ORs were 1.141 (0.951, 1.369), 1.232 (1.027, 1.478), 1.286 (1.072, 1.543), and 1.390 (1.159, 1.667) for those who had adequate, desirable, insufficient, and deficient levels of vitamin D, respectively. Additionally, significant modification effects of physical activity on the relationship between PM2.5 and major depressive disorder were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that high levels of vitamin D and physical activity may attenuate the relationship between PM2.5 and major depressive disorder among elderly adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Center for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Rd, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Air Quality Index and Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations for Childhood Asthma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:1139-1148. [DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202105-539oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pediatric Obesity-Related Asthma: The Role of Nutrition and Nutrients in Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113708. [PMID: 34835964 PMCID: PMC8620690 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity rates have dramatically risen in numerous countries worldwide. Obesity is likely a factor in increased asthma risk, which is already one of the most widespread chronic respiratory pathologies. The pathogenic mechanism of asthma risk has still not yet been fully elucidated. Moreover, the role of obesity-related inflammation and pulmonary overreaction to environmental triggers, which ultimately result in asthma-like symptoms, and the importance of dietary characteristics is well recognized. Diet is an important adjustable element in the asthma development. Food-specific composition of the diet, in particular fat, sugar, and low-quality nutrients, is likely to promote the chronic inflammatory state seen in asthmatic patients with obesity. An unbalanced diet or supplementation as a way to control asthma more efficiently has been described. A personalized dietary intervention may improve respiratory symptoms and signs and therapeutic response. In this narrative review, we presented and discussed more recent literature on asthma associated with obesity among children, focusing on the risk of asthma among children with obesity, asthma as a result of obesity focusing on the role of adipose tissue as a mediator of systemic and local airway inflammation implicated in asthma regulation, and the impact of nutrition and nutrients in the development and treatment of asthma. Appropriate early nutritional intervention could possibly be critical in preventing and managing asthma associated with obesity among children.
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Park HJ, Lee HY, Suh CH, Kim HC, Kim HC, Park YJ, Lee SW. The Effect of Particulate Matter Reduction by Indoor Air Filter Use on Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021; 13:719-732. [PMID: 34486257 PMCID: PMC8419638 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2021.13.5.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a key public health issue, but effective intervention has not yet been established. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis has been conducted to assess the relationship between the use of air filters, one of the most commonly studied interventions, and respiratory outcomes in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. METHODS We systematically reviewed intervention studies on PM using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to September 2019. Studies that included data on PM concentration changes and respiratory symptoms or lung function in patients with respiratory diseases were eligible for inclusion. Effect estimates were quantified separately using the random-effects model. RESULTS Six studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Air filter use reduced indoor PM2.5 by 11.45 µg/m3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.88, 16.01 µg/m3). Air filter use was not associated with improvements in respiratory symptoms in 5 of the 6 studies or significant changes in the predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (mean change, -1.77%; 95% CI, -8.25%, 4.71%). Air filter use was associated with improved peak expiratory flow rate by 5.86 (95% CI, 3.5, 8.19 of standardized difference). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this systematic review suggest that air filters may reduce indoor PM and increase peak expiratory rate in asthmatic patients. However, most studies showed no significant effects of air filters on respiratory symptoms or FEV1. Further studies in regions with high-density PM may provide additional information on this issue. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42020156258.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Young Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee DW, Han CW, Hong YC, Oh JM, Bae HJ, Kim S, Lim YH. Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and incident asthma among elderly adults. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129619. [PMID: 33465612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Although an association of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with asthma incidence has been assumed, there is insufficient evidence regarding the effect of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on incident asthma among elderly adults. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and incident asthma among elderly adults in South Korea. METHODS Adults ≥65 years of age (n = 1,220,645) who did not visit hospitals for asthma during a washout period (between 2008 and 2010) were followed up until 2016 using data from the National Health Insurance System in South Korea. Incident asthma was defined as the number of patients with a primary diagnostic code of asthma who visited hospitals more than twice. We linked the health data with district-level PM2.5 concentrations and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident asthma after adjusting for potential confounders in time-varying Cox proportional hazard models. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Over 5,942,256 person-years, 54,522 patients developed asthma, with an incidence of 9.2 cases/1000 person-years. A 10 μg/m3 increase in the 36-month mean PM2.5 concentration was significantly associated with a 9% increase in incident asthma (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14). This association was found to be robust for different definitions of incident asthma and washout periods. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with the incidence of asthma in elderly adults. This finding provides evidence of an association between PM2.5 and adult-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Oh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Bae
- Korea Environment Institute, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Soontae Kim
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Grant T, Brigham EP, McCormack MC. Childhood Origins of Adult Lung Disease as Opportunities for Prevention. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 8:849-858. [PMID: 32147138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal and childhood exposures have been shown to impact lung development, lung function trajectory, and incidence and prevalence of respiratory disease. Early life may serve as a window of susceptibility to such exposures, with the potential to influence lifelong respiratory health. Risk factors encountered in early life with potentially durable impact on lung health include prematurity, respiratory viral illness, allergen sensitization and exposure, tobacco use and exposure, indoor and outdoor pollution, diet, and obesity. These exposures vary in the extent to which they are modifiable, and interventions aimed at reducing harmful exposures range from individual-level behavior modification to policy initiatives implemented to promote population health. For many exposures, including tobacco-related exposures, multilevel interventions are needed. Future research is needed to provide insight as to early-life interventions to promote optimal lung growth and prevent development of chronic respiratory disease. Clinicians should play an active role, assisting individual patients in avoiding known detrimental exposures including maternal smoking during pregnancy and initiation of active smoking. Clinicians can be empowered by evidence to support policies promoting reduction of population-level risk factors, such as restriction on electronic cigarette sales and legislation to uphold air quality standards, to encourage attainment of maximal lung function and reduce risk of chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torie Grant
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Emily P Brigham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Meredith C McCormack
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
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Alwarith J, Kahleova H, Crosby L, Brooks A, Brandon L, Levin SM, Barnard ND. The role of nutrition in asthma prevention and treatment. Nutr Rev 2021; 78:928-938. [PMID: 32167552 PMCID: PMC7550896 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. Prevalence has continued to rise in recent decades as Western dietary patterns have become more pervasive. Evidence suggests that diets emphasizing the consumption of plant-based foods might protect against asthma development and improve asthma symptoms through their effects on systemic inflammation, oxidation, and microbial composition. Additionally, increased fruit and vegetable intake, reduced animal product consumption, and weight management might mediate cytokine release, free radical damage, and immune responses involved in the development and course of asthma. The specific aim of this review paper is to examine the current literature on the associations between dietary factors and asthma risk and control in children and adults. Clinical trials examining the mechanism(s) by which dietary factors influence asthma outcomes are necessary to identify the potential use of nutritional therapy in the prevention and management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Alwarith
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hana Kahleova
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lee Crosby
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexa Brooks
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Susan M Levin
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Neal D Barnard
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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Grasemann H, Holguin F. Oxidative stress and obesity-related asthma. Paediatr Respir Rev 2021; 37:18-21. [PMID: 32660723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an asthma comorbidity associated with poor control, increased exacerbation risk and reduced response to inhaled and systemic corticosteroids. It affects children and adults differentially. In those with early onset asthma, it associated with increased eosinophilic inflammation, whereas in late onset, it correlates with lower nitric oxide (NO) and predominantly non-T2 inflammation. There are probably multiple pathways by which obesity impacts asthma; airway and systemic oxidative stress has been proposed as a mechanism that could potentially explain the obesity mediated increased comorbidity and poor response to treatment. More likely than not, oxidative stress is an epiphenomenon of a very diverse set of processes driven by complex changes in airway and systemic metabolism. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical, metabolic, pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects of oxidative stress in patients with obesity and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Grasemann
- Hospital for Sick Children, Respiratory Medicine, University of Toronto. Toronto, Canada
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care. University of Colorado. Denver, CO, United States.
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O'Sullivan BP, James L, Majure JM, Bickel S, Phan LT, Serrano Gonzalez M, Staples H, Tam-Williams J, Lang J, Snowden J. Obesity-related asthma in children: A role for vitamin D. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:354-361. [PMID: 32930511 PMCID: PMC8341445 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Excess adipose tissue predisposes to an enhanced inflammatory state and can contribute to the pathogenesis and severity of asthma. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory properties and low-serum levels are seen in children with asthma and in children with obesity. Here we review the intersection of asthma, obesity, and hypovitaminosis D in children. Supplementation with vitamin D has been proposed as a simple, safe, and inexpensive adjunctive therapy in a number of disease states. However, little research has examined the pharmacokinetics of vitamin D and its therapeutic potential in children who suffer from obesity-related asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P O'Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Laura James
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joseph M Majure
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Scott Bickel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ly-Thao Phan
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Health System, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Monica Serrano Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Heather Staples
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jade Tam-Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas School of Medicine and Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Jason Lang
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Snowden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Yang SI, Lee SH, Lee SY, Kim HC, Kim HB, Kim JH, Lim H, Park MJ, Cho HJ, Yoon J, Jung S, Yang HJ, Ahn K, Kim KW, Shin YH, Suh DI, Won HS, Lee MY, Kim SH, Choi SJ, Kwon JY, Jun JK, Hong SJ. Prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and vitamin D-associated early persistent atopic dermatitis via placental methylation. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:665-673.e1. [PMID: 32971247 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of prenatal particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ranging from 0.1 μm to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and vitamin D on atopic dermatitis (AD) phenotypes have not been evaluated. DNA methylation and cord blood (CB) vitamin D could represent a plausible link between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and AD in an offspring. OBJECTIVE To determine the critical windows of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on the AD phenotypes, if vitamin D modulated these effects, and if placental DNA methylation mediated these effects on AD in offspring. METHODS Mother-child pairs were enrolled from the birth cohort of the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA) study. PM2.5 was estimated by land-use regression models, and CB vitamin D was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. AD was identified by the parental report of a physician's diagnosis. We defined the following 4 AD phenotypes according to onset age (by the age of 2 years) and persistence (by the age of 3 years): early-onset transient and persistent, late onset, and never. Logistic regression analysis and Bayesian distributed lag interaction model were used. DNA methylation microarray was analyzed using an Infinium Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, California) in placenta. RESULTS PM2.5 exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy, especially during 6 to 7 weeks of gestation, was associated with early-onset persistent AD. This effect increased in children with low CB vitamin D, especially in those with PM2.5 exposure during 3 to 7 weeks of gestation. AHRR (cg16371648), DPP10 (cg19211931), and HLADRB1 (cg10632894) were hypomethylated in children with AD with high PM2.5 and low CB vitamin D. CONCLUSION Higher PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy and low CB vitamin D affected early-onset persistent AD, and the most sensitive window was 6 to 7 weeks of gestation. Placental DNA methylation mediated this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeun Lim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jee Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Won
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Young Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Morris NH, Elneil S, Morris D, Ellis P, Arulkumaran S. Occupational risk prevention, education and support in black, Asian and ethnic minority health worker in the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF PATIENT SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2516043520946650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The onset of the COVID-19 in the UK has resulted in an inordinate amount of deaths affecting Black, Asian and Ethnic Minority (BAME) healthcare workers. The occupational risk to this group is thought to be a contributory factor, but other factors include race, genetics, medical co-morbidities, socio-economic status, and access to personal protection equipment. Why COVID-19 appears to be more deadly in BAME members remains unknown, but the UK government is investigating this now. It does appear that certain factors may worsen the disease process in BAME members, but which ones are pertinent to prevention remain to be determined, until a vaccine is available. Thus, the onus should rest on risk prevention, education, and support for all. Some of the safety strategies that may be instituted to help guide those in the workplace include education, treating potential therapeutic targets and ensuring protection in the working environment. The consideration of a compensation scheme, for families of healthcare workers that have suffered because of COVID-19, would go some way to support the recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sohier Elneil
- UCL Institute for Women’s HealthUniversity College London Hospital, London, UK
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30
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Suboptimal Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Is Associated with a History of Recent Disease Exacerbation in Pediatric Patients with Bronchial Asthma or Asthma-Suggestive Recurrent Wheezing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186545. [PMID: 32916790 PMCID: PMC7558096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Even though vitamin D is widely acknowledged as having a potential immunomodulatory role in asthma, its exact beneficial mechanisms are yet to be clarified. An optimal serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-VitD) level in pediatric asthma patients might not rely solely on the effect of dose-dependent vitamin D3 intake, but might also be influenced by factors related to insufficient asthma control. We aimed to survey the prevalence of serum 25-OH-VitD deficiency and analyze whether suboptimal levels were associated with asthma severity factors. The current cross-sectional study enrolled 131 pediatric asthma or asthma-suggestive recurrent wheezing patients, for whom serum 25-OH-VitD, IgE, and eosinophil count were assessed. The prevalence of suboptimal serum 25-OH-VitD was 58.8%. A suboptimal vitamin D status was associated with asthma exacerbation in the previous month (p = 0.02). Even under seasonal oral vitamin D3 supplementation, patients with a positive history of asthma attack in the previous four weeks presented significantly lower serum 25-OH-VitD concentrations, compared to their peers with no disease exacerbation. In conclusion, sequential measurements of serum 25-OH-VitD might prove useful for future studies evaluating the dynamic changes in vitamin D3 status in regard to asthma, especially in symptomatic patients.
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31
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Zhou S, Han M, Ren Y, Yang X, Duan L, Zeng Y, Li J. Dibutyl phthalate aggravated asthma-like symptoms through oxidative stress and increasing calcitonin gene-related peptide release. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 199:110740. [PMID: 32446102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most ubiquitous phthalate esters found in everyday products, and is receiving increased attention as an immunologic adjuvant. However, information regarding DBP-aggravated allergic asthma is still limited. This study used a mouse model sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) to determine any adverse effects of DBP on allergic asthma. Our results reveal that allergic asthmatic mice exposed to DBP for an extended period had a significant increase in inflammatory cell infiltration; a significant increase in levels of serum immunoglobulin and T helper 2 cell (Th2) and T helper 17 cell (Th17) cytokines in lung tissue; and significant changes in lung histology and AHR, all of which are typical asthmatic symptoms. The levels of oxidative stress and levels of the neuropeptide, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), were also elevated after DBP exposure. Interestingly, blocking oxidative stress by administering melatonin (MT) not only reduced oxidative stress and CGRP levels, but also ameliorated the asthmatic symptoms. Collectively, these results show that DBP exacerbates asthma-like pathologies by increasing the expression of CGRP mediated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyu Zhou
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Man Han
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Yaolin Ren
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Liju Duan
- School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, 430079, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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32
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In asthma, there is an increasing focus on personalizing treatment by targeting treatable traits. Ethnicity has effects on many biological and behavioural traits, and so is an important consideration when personalizing asthma care. This review has particular relevance in light of current patterns of international migration, which are leading to unprecedented levels of ethnic heterogeneity in many geographic regions. RECENT FINDINGS This review examines the effect of ethnicity on three key domains - biological traits, behavioural traits and health system behaviour. Ethnicity influences asthma biology by affecting biomarker reference ranges, response to drug therapy and asthma phenotypes. Ethnicity impacts behavioural traits through its effects on psychosocial well being, adherence and asthma self-management. Ethnic minorities are often disadvantaged with regards to healthcare access and healthcare interactions. SUMMARY Concerted action is needed to address current issues around behavioural traits and healthcare behaviour, which are influenced by ethnicity. More research is required to understand the impact of ethnicity on asthma biology, especially the interplay between genetic and environmental influences on asthma, and the differential response to asthma therapies.
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Forno E, Litonjua AA. Pollution, Obesity, Vitamin D, or Why Is Asthma So Complicated-and Interesting. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 7:1823-1824. [PMID: 31279465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester and Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY.
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34
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Sullivan K, Thakur N. Structural and Social Determinants of Health in Asthma in Developed Economies: a Scoping Review of Literature Published Between 2014 and 2019. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2020; 20:5. [PMID: 32030507 PMCID: PMC7005090 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-0899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Using the WHO Conceptual Framework for Action on the Social Determinants of Health, this review provides a discussion of recent epidemiologic, mechanistic, and intervention studies of structural and social determinants of health and asthma outcomes covering the period from 2014 to 2019. RECENT FINDINGS A majority of studies and interventions to date focus on the intermediary determinants of health (e.g., housing), which as the name suggests, exist between the patient and the upstream structural determinants of health (e.g., housing policy). Race/ethnicity remains a profound social driver of asthma disparities with cumulative risk from many overlapping determinants. A growing number of studies on asthma are beginning to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that connect social determinants to human disease. Several effective interventions have been developed, though a need for large-scale policy research and innovation remains. Strong evidence supports the key role of the structural determinants, which generate social stratification and inequity, in the development and progression of asthma; yet, interventions in this realm are challenging to develop and therefore infrequent. Proximal, intermediary determinants have provided a natural starting point for interventions, though structural interventions have the most potential for major impact on asthma outcomes. Further research to investigate the interactive effect of multiple determinants, as well as intervention studies, specifically those that are cross-sector and propose innovative strategies to target structural determinants, are needed to address asthma morbidities, and more importantly, close the asthma disparity gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Neeta Thakur
- Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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35
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Schatz M, Sicherer SH, Khan DA, Zeiger RS. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 2019 Highlights. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:912-936. [PMID: 31980411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article provides highlights of the clinically impactful original studies and reviews published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice in 2019 on the subjects of anaphylaxis, asthma, dermatitis, drug allergy, food allergy, immunodeficiency, immunotherapy, rhinitis/sinusitis, and urticaria/angioedema/mast cell disorders. Within each topic, practical aspects of diagnosis and management are emphasized. Treatments discussed include lifestyle modifications, allergen avoidance therapy, positive and negative effects of pharmacologic therapy, and various forms of immunologic and desensitization management. We designed this review to help readers consolidate and use this extensive and practical knowledge for the benefit of their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schatz
- Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Scott H Sicherer
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - David A Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, Calif; Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, Calif
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36
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The Role and Potential Pathogenic Mechanism of Particulate Matter in Childhood Asthma: A Review and Perspective. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8254909. [PMID: 32411804 PMCID: PMC7201641 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8254909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma, the most common chronic respiratory disease in children, affects numerous people worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to high levels of particulate matter (PM), either acutely or chronically, is associated with the exacerbation and incidence of pediatric asthma. However, the detailed pathogenic mechanisms by which PM contributes to the incidence of asthma remain largely unknown. In this short review, we summarize studies of relationships between PM and pediatric asthma and recent advances on the fundamental mechanisms of PM-related asthma, with emphases on cell death regulation and immune system responses. We further discuss the inadequacy of current studies and give a perspective on the prevention strategies for pediatric asthma.
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37
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Pulvirenti G, Parisi GF, Manti S, Licari A, del Giudice MM, Salpietro C, Marseglia GL, Leonardi S. The Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D in Respiratory Diseases. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573398x15666191114144230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
:
The growing interest in the new role of vitamin D, particularly as an immunomodulatory
factor, has spurred basic research and the development of clinical trials to better understand the
influence of supplementation on various diseases. Vitamin D is an important nutrient factor in human
health due to its role in calcium metabolism regulation, cellular growth, differentiation and its
fundamental discovered activity in immune functions. It has influenced different diseases,
particularly inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, through immune response regulation,
modulating innate and adaptive immunity.
:
The aim of this review was to explore the role of vitamin D in the main respiratory diseases in
children such as asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis and recurrent respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Pulvirenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fabio Parisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Manti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Amelia Licari
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leonardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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38
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Stevens EL, Rosser F, Forno E, Peden D, Celedón JC. Can the effects of outdoor air pollution on asthma be mitigated? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2016-2018.e1. [PMID: 31029773 PMCID: PMC10838022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Stevens
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Franziska Rosser
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - David Peden
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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