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Balcı T, Çakır Biçer N, Gazeteci Tekin H, Edem P. Evaluation of the Effect of Parenting Style and Parental Mealtime Actions on the Eating Behavior of Children with Epilepsy. Nutrients 2024; 16:1384. [PMID: 38732630 PMCID: PMC11085228 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the interaction of parenting style, parents' mealtime behaviors, and children's eating behavior in the presence of chronic disease is limited. This study aimed to investigate the impact of parenting style and parental mealtime actions on the eating behavior of children with epilepsy. METHODS Thirty-one children with epilepsy, thirty-one healthy children (aged 4-9 years), and their parents were included. The Multidimensional Assessment of Parenting Scale (MAPS), Parent Mealtime Action Scale, Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 were applied. The MAPS, HEI-2015 scores, and body mass index for age Z scores were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). In the epilepsy group, the food approach behavior score was higher, and positive correlations were noted between broadband negative parenting and food approach behavior, and the HEI-2015 score and broadband positive parenting (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that broadband negative parenting and snack modeling increased the food approach behavior in the epilepsy group. Owing to the chronic disease, the effects of parent-child interaction on the child's eating behavior in the epilepsy group differed from those of healthy children reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tutku Balcı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Nihan Çakır Biçer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Içerenköy Mahallesi Kayisdagi Caddesi No. 32, 34752 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Gazeteci Tekin
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Bakircay University, 35665 Menemen, Izmir, Turkey; (H.G.T.); (P.E.)
| | - Pınar Edem
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Bakircay University, 35665 Menemen, Izmir, Turkey; (H.G.T.); (P.E.)
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Zhang J, Wang X, Zhu P, Huang X, Cao X, Li J. Exploring the relationships between pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and nutritional intake: a real-world investigation in Shandong, China. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17099. [PMID: 38529313 PMCID: PMC10962341 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between gestational weight gain (GWG), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and prenatal diet quality in pregnant women from Shandong, China. We analyzed a sample of 532 early-stage pregnant women registered at an outpatient clinic. Diet quality was evaluated using the Chinese Healthy Dietary Index for Pregnancy (CHDI-P), encompassing three dimensions: diversity, adequacy, and limitation, with an overall score out of 100. Dietary intake was documented via 24-h dietary recalls spanning three consecutive days and subsequently translated to a CHDI-P score. At the time of enrollment, BMI was measured on-site and classified as underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5-24.9), overweight (25.0-29.9), and obese (≥30.0). Pregnant women were also categorized into inadequate, adequate, and excessive weight gain groups based on their GWG. We employed a Tukey-adjusted generalized linear model to compare the CHDI-P scores between the pre-pregnancy BMI groups and GWG groups. The results revealed that the underweight group had significantly higher total scores and limitation total scores on the CHDI-P (p < 0.001). Conversely, the overweight and obese groups were more susceptible to suboptimal dietary quality. Notably, the inadequate weight gain group displayed significantly elevated food adequacy scores compared to the other two groups (p < 0.05). This indicates that greater GWGs do not necessarily align with principles of adequate nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoge Huang
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xingru Cao
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
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Caspi CE, Gombi-Vaca MF, Barsness CB, Gordon N, Canterbury M, Peterson HH, Wolfson J, Pratt R. A Cluster-Randomized Evaluation of the SuperShelf Intervention in Choice-Based Food Pantries. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:100-110. [PMID: 37857305 PMCID: PMC10831215 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions in food pantry settings have the potential to improve health among clients at risk of diet-related disease. PURPOSE This study evaluates whether a cluster-randomized, behavioral intervention in food pantries resulted in improved client outcomes. METHODS Sixteen Minnesota food pantries were randomized to an intervention (n = 8) or control condition (n = 8). The intervention offered pantries technical assistance to improve healthy food supply and implement behavioral economics strategies to promote healthy food selection. A convenience sample of adult clients were enrolled (paired sample, 158 intervention, 159 control) and followed for 1 year. Additional clients were enrolled at follow-up to assess food selection (follow-up sample, 85 intervention, 102 control). Analysis was limited to data from 11 pantries (5 intervention, 6 control) due to COVID-19. Outcome measures included Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) total and subcomponent scores for 24-hr dietary recalls and client cart selections, and Life's Simple 7 (LS7) total and subcomponent scores. Multilevel mixed-effects models tested whether client outcomes differed by intervention condition. RESULTS In adjusted models, there were no statistically significant differences by intervention condition in HEI-2015 or LS7 scores. Clients in intervention food pantries had improved Refined Grain subcomponent scores (p = .004); clients in control pantries had worsened Saturated Fat subcomponents scores (p = .019) and improved physical activity scores (p = .007). CONCLUSIONS The intervention did not result in improved diet quality or cardiovascular health as measured by HEI-2015 or LS7. Coordinated efforts across settings are needed to address health risks facing this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Caspi
- University of Connecticut, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA
- University of Connecticut, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Maria F Gombi-Vaca
- University of Connecticut, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Christina Bliss Barsness
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nora Gordon
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Julian Wolfson
- University of Minnesota, Division of Biostatistics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rebekah Pratt
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Shams-White MM, Pannucci TE, Lerman JL, Herrick KA, Zimmer M, Meyers Mathieu K, Stoody EE, Reedy J. Healthy Eating Index-2020: Review and Update Process to Reflect the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2020-2025. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1280-1288. [PMID: 37201748 PMCID: PMC10524328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to share the process for reviewing, updating, and developing the most recent version of the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) for ages 2 and older, following the release of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), 2020-2025. The overall review process included: 1) gathering information from the updated DGA, experts, and federal stakeholders; 2) considering substantive changes and needs for new development, keeping in mind the HEI's key features and guiding principles, the US Department of Agriculture's Dietary Patterns that serve as the foundation for the HEI, and scoring considerations; and 3) completing evaluation analyses, including the examination of content validity. The review process led to the development of the HEI-2020; a separate HEI-Toddlers-2020 was developed for ages 12 through 23 months. The 13 components and scoring standards of the HEI-2020 fully align with the HEI-2015, although the index was renamed to clarify that it aligned with the most recent 2020-2025 DGA. As the evidence informing the DGA continues to evolve, various aspects of the HEI may need to evolve in the future as well. Further methodological research is encouraged to add to the scientific evidence base on dietary patterns, to examine needs specific to each life stage, and to model optimal trajectories of healthy dietary patterns over the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa M Shams-White
- US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.
| | | | - Jennifer L Lerman
- US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kirsten A Herrick
- US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Meghan Zimmer
- US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Eve E Stoody
- US Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Alexandria, VA
| | - Jill Reedy
- US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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Venkatesh KK, Walker DM, Yee LM, Wu J, Garner J, McNeil B, Haas DM, Mercer B, Reddy UM, Silver R, Wapner R, Saade G, Parry S, Simhan H, Lindsay K, Grobman WA. Association of Living in a Food Desert and Poor Periconceptional Diet Quality in a Cohort of Nulliparous Pregnant Individuals. J Nutr 2023; 153:2432-2441. [PMID: 37364682 PMCID: PMC10447609 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poor diet can result from adverse social determinants of health and increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess, using data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be prospective cohort, whether nulliparous pregnant individuals who lived in a food desert were more likely to experience poorer periconceptional diet quality compared with those who did not live in a food desert. METHODS The exposure was living in a food desert based on a spatial overview of food access indicators by income and supermarket access per the Food Access Research Atlas. The outcome was periconceptional diet quality per the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010, analyzed by quartile (Q) from the highest or best (Q4, reference) to the lowest or worst dietary quality (Q1); and secondarily, nonadherence (yes or no) to 12 key aspects of dietary quality. RESULTS Among 7,956 assessed individuals, 24.9% lived in a food desert. The mean HEI-2010 score was 61.1 of 100 (SD: 12.5). Poorer periconceptional dietary quality was more common among those who lived in a food desert compared with those who did not live in a food desert (Q4: 19.8%, Q3: 23.6%, Q2: 26.5%, and Q1: 30.0% vs. Q4: 26.8%, Q3: 25.8%, Q2: 24.5%, and Q1: 22.9%; overall P < 0.001). Individuals living in a food desert were more likely to report a diet in lower quartiles of the HEI-2010 (i.e., poorer dietary quality) (aOR: 1.34 per quartile; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.49). They were more likely to be nonadherent to recommended standards for 5 adequacy components of the HEI-2010, including fruit, total vegetables, greens and beans, seafood and plant proteins, and fatty acids, and less likely to report excess intake of empty calories. CONCLUSIONS Nulliparous pregnant individuals living in a food desert were more likely to experience poorer periconceptional diet quality compared with those who did not live in a food desert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik K Venkatesh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Daniel M Walker
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lynn M Yee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jiqiang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Garner
- John Glenn College of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - David M Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brian Mercer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Uma M Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Silver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - George Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Samuel Parry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hyagriv Simhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsbugh, PA, United States
| | - Karen Lindsay
- UCI Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, Susan & Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Irvine; School of Medicine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - William A Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Age-Related Cataract in American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2005-2008. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010098. [PMID: 36615757 PMCID: PMC9823857 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), a healthy eating pattern proposed by Dietary Guidelines for Americans, is proven to be protective against various diseases. However, whether it is associated with age-related cataracts is unknown. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study included 6395 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the cycles from 2005 to 2008. HEI-2015 was calculated from 24-h dietary recall interviews, ranging from 0 to 100, and higher HEI-2015 represents better diet quality. Age-related cataract was generated from the questionnaire. The association between HEI-2015 and cataract was assessed with logistic regression models. Propensity score weighting, restricted cubic spline, and subgroup analysis were conducted to further explore the relationship. RESULTS 6395 participants were included in the study, with a mean [standard deviation (SD)] age of 48.7 (15.3) years and 3115 (48.7%) being male. HEI-2015 was negatively associated with cataracts after adjusting all covariates included, both as a continuous variable [odds ratio (OR): 0.991, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.984-0.997, p = 0.006] and quartiles with the highest quartile compared to the lowest (OR: 0.739, 95% CI: 0.559-0.980, p = 0.035). After propensity score weighting, the association remained significant. Restricted cubic spline revealed no non-linear relationship (p for non-linearity 0.085). Subgroup analysis showed that there were no interaction effects. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the healthy eating pattern, HEI-2015, was associated with a lower risk of age-related cataracts.
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Hill AB, Kaur R, Sundermeir SM, Kasprzak C, Winkler M, John S, Dombrowski RD, Bode B, Gittelsohn J. Refining the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS) for Healthy Community Stores: Adaptations to Capture Alternative Food Retailers and Align with Dietary Guidelines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912875. [PMID: 36232175 PMCID: PMC9566451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate consumption of healthy food is an ongoing public health issue in the United States. Food availability measures of supply versus consumption of healthy foods are disconnected in many studies. There is a need for an objective assessment of the food environment in order to assess how the food supply aligns with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Data were collected as part of the Healthy Community Stores Case Study Project, including a refined Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Healthy Community Stores (NEMS-HCS) and an updated Healthy Food Availability Index that aligns with the Healthy Eating Index (HFAHEI). This paper will focus on the NEMS-HCS development process, findings, and HFAHEI application. All food items were more likely to be found at grocery stores rather than corner stores. Food pricing was often above the Consumer Price Index averages for six food items. The NEMS-HCS assessment better aligned with the HEI because it included a wider variety of meats, frozen fruits and vegetables, and an increased selection of whole grains. HFAHEI scoring was inclusive of non-traditional and alternative community stores with a health focus, making it suitable for use at the local level, especially in neighborhoods where supermarkets and large chain stores are less common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B. Hill
- Detroit Food Map Initiative and Department of Urban Studies and Planning, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ravneet Kaur
- Division of Health Research and Evaluation, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Samantha M. Sundermeir
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christina Kasprzak
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Megan Winkler
- Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sara John
- Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Rachael D. Dombrowski
- Departments of Public Health and Kinesiology, College of Education, Health and Human Services, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Bree Bode
- Division of Kinesiology, Heath and Sport Studies, College of Education, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Dhurandhar NV, Petersen KS, Webster C. Key Causes and Contributors of Obesity: A Perspective. Nurs Clin North Am 2021; 56:449-464. [PMID: 34749887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a disease with several potential causes and contributors. This article provides a focused overview of key known causes of obesity and factors that contribute to obesity. Obesity ultimately results from impaired energy storage mechanisms, such as dysregulation of hunger, satiety, digestion, fat storage, and metabolic rate. In addition, myriad contributors promote its expression, including dietary factors, sleep quality and duration, psychological health and well-being, and tobacco cessation, among others. This article concludes with a discussion of the clinical relevance of causes and contributors in obesity prevention and treatment, which is paramount to providing effective, individualized clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil V Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Avenue, P.O. Box 41270, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Avenue, P.O. Box 41270, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Chelsi Webster
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Avenue, P.O. Box 41270, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Conrad Z, Blackstone NT. Identifying the links between consumer food waste, nutrition, and environmental sustainability: a narrative review. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:301-314. [PMID: 32585005 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging research demonstrates unexpected relationships between food waste, nutrition, and environmental sustainability that should be considered when developing waste reduction strategies. In this narrative review, we synthesize these linkages and the evidence related to drivers of food waste and reduction strategies at the consumer level in the United States. Higher diet quality is associated with greater food waste, which results in significant quantities of wasted resources (e.g., energy, fertilizer) and greenhouse gas emissions. Food waste also represents waste of micronutrients that could otherwise theoretically fill nutritional gaps for millions of people. To make progress on these multiple fronts simultaneously, nutrition professionals must expand beyond their traditional purview, into more interdisciplinary arenas that make connections with food waste and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Conrad
- Department of Health Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicole Tichenor Blackstone
- Division of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Reinhardt SL, Boehm R, Blackstone NT, El-Abbadi NH, McNally Brandow JS, Taylor SF, DeLonge MS. Systematic Review of Dietary Patterns and Sustainability in the United States. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1016-1031. [PMID: 32167128 PMCID: PMC7360461 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving awareness and accessibility of healthy diets are key challenges for health professionals and policymakers alike. While the US government has been assessing and encouraging nutritious diets via the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) since 1980, the long-term sustainability, and thus availability, of those diets has received less attention. The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) examined the evidence on sustainable diets for the first time, but this topic was not included within the scope of work for the 2020 DGAC. The objective of this study was to systematically review the evidence on US dietary patterns and sustainability outcomes published from 2015 to 2019 replicating the 2015 DGAC methodology. The 22 studies meeting inclusion criteria reveal a rapid expansion of research on US dietary patterns and sustainability, including 8 studies comparing the sustainability of DGA-compliant dietary patterns with current US diets. Our results challenge prior findings that diets adhering to national dietary guidelines are more sustainable than current average diets and indicate that the Healthy US-style dietary pattern recommended by the DGA may lead to similar or increased greenhouse gas emissions, energy use, and water use compared with the current US diet. However, consistent with previous research, studies meeting inclusion criteria generally support the conclusion that, among healthy dietary patterns, those higher in plant-based foods and lower in animal-based foods would be beneficial for environmental sustainability. Additional research is needed to further evaluate ways to improve food system sustainability through both dietary shifts and agricultural practices in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Reinhardt
- Food and Environment Program, The Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca Boehm
- Food and Environment Program, The Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nicole Tichenor Blackstone
- Division of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naglaa H El-Abbadi
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Salima F Taylor
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia S DeLonge
- Food and Environment Program, The Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC, USA
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Ringling KM, Marquart LF. Intersection of Diet, Health, and Environment: Land Grant Universities' Role in Creating Platforms for Sustainable Food Systems. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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12
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Hook CJ, Rose Markus H. Health in the United States: Are Appeals to Choice and Personal Responsibility Making Americans Sick? PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2020; 15:643-664. [DOI: 10.1177/1745691619896252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The United States suffers high rates of preventable lifestyle disease despite widespread calls for people to take responsibility for their health. The United States also stands out in its rejection of government action to guide industry practices and consumer choices. Why? We examine how deeply rooted cultural narratives about “free choice” and “personal responsibility” infuse policymaking, advertising, media, social norms, and individual attitudes about health in the United States. We argue that these narratives contribute to ill health in the United States: They encourage stress and worry over health, blame and stigmatization of the unhealthy, widened health disparities, and the failure to adopt policies that could save lives. Psychologists can play a major role in expanding narratives about health so that they include the role of personal choice and responsibility but also reflect current science about the physical, social, and cultural drivers of health. These broader narratives can be used to promote a more comprehensive understanding of health and to better inform the design, communication, and implementation of effective health-supportive policies.
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13
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Lawless M, Shriver LH, Wideman L, Dollar JM, Calkins SD, Keane SP, Shanahan L. Associations between eating behaviors, diet quality and body mass index among adolescents. Eat Behav 2020; 36:101339. [PMID: 31759280 PMCID: PMC8256835 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some eating behaviors are associated with negative nutrition-related outcomes in adults, but research is lacking in adolescent samples. The current study examined whether dietary restraint moderates the relationship between disinhibition and weight outcomes and overall diet quality in a community sample of 16-year old adolescents. METHODS Participants were recruited from a longitudinal study examining self-regulation and cardiometabolic risk. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from questionnaires and laboratory visits when participants were approximately 16 years old (n = 178). Disinhibition and restraint were assessed using two subscales of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Diet quality was determined using Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores that were calculated using dietary data from 24-h dietary recalls. Two separate hierarchical linear regression analyses tested whether restraint moderated the associations of disinhibition with BMI-for-age percentile and HEI-2010 scores. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, restraint moderated the association between disinhibition and HEI-2010 scores (β = -0.21, p = 0.03). There was a main effect for disinhibition on BMI-for-age percentiles (β = 0.58, p = 0.02), but this relationship was not moderated by the level of restraint. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between disinhibition and overall diet quality differed among adolescents according to level of dietary restraint. Although disinhibition independently predicted weight status, the level of restraint had no influence on this association. Future studies should examine restraint in relation to energy intake and weight concerns to better understand how it influences weight and dietary outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Lawless
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Nutrition, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Lenka H Shriver
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Nutrition, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Laurie Wideman
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Kinesiology, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Jessica M Dollar
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Susan D Calkins
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Susan P Keane
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Psychology, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
| | - Lilly Shanahan
- University of Zurich, Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland.
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14
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Parker HW, Tovar A, McCurdy K, Vadiveloo M. Associations between pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and prenatal diet quality in a national sample. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224034. [PMID: 31626677 PMCID: PMC6799919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This secondary analysis explored the association between gestational weight gain, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and prenatal diet quality in a United States national sample. The sample comprised 1322 pregnant women in the longitudinal Infant Feeding Practices Study II with Diet History Questionnaire data. Diet quality in the third trimester was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy. Self-reported pre-pregnancy BMI (categorized as underweight<18.5, normal weight 18.5–24.9, overweight 25.0–29.9, and obese≥30.0) and total gestational weight gain were used to categorize adherence to the Institute of Medicine’s recommendations as inadequate, adequate, or excessive weight gain. Diet quality in pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain groups were compared using Tukey-adjusted generalized linear models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, Women, Infants, and Children participation, parity, and energy intake. Due to missing gestational weight gain data, sensitivity analyses with multiply imputed data were conducted. Women were on average 28.9 years old and of higher socioeconomic status (40% college graduates) and mostly non-Hispanic White (84%), and the mean Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy score was 61.2 (of 130). Both pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were inversely associated with diet quality scores (p<0.01). The interaction between pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain was significant (p = 0.04), therefore gestational weight gain models were stratified by BMI group. In stratified adjusted models, gestational weight gain was differently associated with diet quality scores (p<0.05) among women with underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. The relationship between gestational weight gain and prenatal diet quality depended on pre-pregnancy BMI. For example, within women with normal weight, higher diet quality was observed in the adequate gestational weight gain group. Interventions to broadly improve prenatal diet quality are needed, however, resources can be used to target women with higher pre-pregnancy BMIs and women with inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley W. Parker
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Karen McCurdy
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Krebs-Smith SM, Pannucci TE, Subar AF, Kirkpatrick SI, Lerman JL, Tooze JA, Wilson MM, Reedy J. Update of the Healthy Eating Index: HEI-2015. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 118:1591-1602. [PMID: 30146071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1118] [Impact Index Per Article: 223.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure for assessing whether a set of foods aligns with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). An updated HEI is released to correspond to each new edition of the DGA, and this article introduces the latest version, which reflects the 2015-2020 DGA. The HEI-2015 components are the same as in the HEI-2010, except Saturated Fat and Added Sugars replace Empty Calories, with the result being 13 components. The 2015-2020 DGA include explicit recommendations to limit intakes of both Added Sugars and Saturated Fats to <10% of energy. HEI-2015 does not account for excessive energy from alcohol within a separate component, but continues to account for all energy from alcohol within total energy (the denominator for most components). All other components remain the same as for HEI-2010, except for a change in the allocation of legumes. Previous versions of the HEI accounted for legumes in either the two vegetable or the two protein foods components, whereas HEI-2015 counts legumes toward all four components. Weighting approaches are similar to those of previous versions, and scoring standards were maintained, refined, or developed to increase consistency across components; better ensure face validity; follow precedent; cover a range of intakes; and, when applicable, ensure the DGA level corresponds to a score >7 out of 10. HEI-2015 component scores can be examined collectively using radar graphs to reveal a pattern of diet quality and summed to represent overall diet quality.
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16
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Kirkpatrick SI, Reedy J, Krebs-Smith SM, Pannucci TE, Subar AF, Wilson MM, Lerman JL, Tooze JA. Applications of the Healthy Eating Index for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Intervention Research: Considerations and Caveats. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 118:1603-1621. [PMID: 30146072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality that can be used to examine alignment of dietary patterns with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The HEI is made up of multiple adequacy and moderation components, most of which are expressed relative to energy intake (ie, as densities) for the purpose of calculating scores. Due to these characteristics and the complexity of dietary intake data more broadly, calculating and using HEI scores can involve unique statistical considerations and, depending on the particular application, intensive computational methods. The objective of this article is to review potential applications of the HEI, including those relevant to surveillance, epidemiology, and intervention research, and to summarize available guidance for appropriate analysis and interpretation. Steps in calculating HEI scores are reviewed and statistical methods described. Consideration of salient issues in the calculation and interpretation of scores can help researchers avoid common pitfalls and reviewers ensure that articles reporting on the use of the HEI include sufficient details such that the work is comprehensible and replicable, with the overall goal of contributing to knowledge on dietary patterns and health among Americans.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The majority of groceries purchased by US households are industrially processed, yet it is unclear how processing level influences diet quality. We sought to determine if processing level is associated with diet quality of grocery purchases. DESIGN We analysed grocery purchasing data from the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey 2012-2013. Household grocery purchases were categorized by the NOVA framework as minimally processed, processed culinary ingredients, processed foods or ultra-processed foods. The energy share of each processing level (percentage of energy; %E) and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) component and total scores were calculated for each household's purchases. The association between %E from processed foods and ultra-processed foods, respectively, and HEI-2015 total score was determined by multivariable linear regression. Foods purchased by households with the highest v. lowest ultra-processed food purchases and HEI-2015 total score <40 v. ≥60 were compared using linear regression. SETTING USA. PARTICIPANTS Nationally representative sample of 3961 households. RESULTS Processed foods and ultra-processed foods provided 9·2 (se 0·3) % and 55·8 (se 0·6) % of purchased energy, respectively. Mean HEI-2015 score was 54·7 (se 0·4). Substituting 10 %E from minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients for ultra-processed foods decreased total HEI-2015 score by 1·8 points (β = -1·8; 95 % CI -2·0, -1·5). Processed food purchases were not associated with diet quality. Among households with high ultra-processed food purchases, those with HEI-2015 score <40 purchased less minimally processed plant-foods than households with HEI-2015 score ≥60. CONCLUSIONS Increasing purchases of minimally processed foods, decreasing purchases of ultra-processed foods and selecting healthier foods at each processing level may improve diet quality.
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18
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Vadiveloo M, Perraud E, Parker HW, Juul F, Parekh N. Geographic Differences in the Dietary Quality of Food Purchases among Participants in the Nationally Representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS). Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061233. [PMID: 31151225 PMCID: PMC6627193 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective grocery transactions may reflect diet, but it is unclear whether the diet quality of grocery purchases mirrors geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in diet-related diseases. This cross-sectional analysis of 3961 households in the nationally representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey evaluated geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in grocery purchase quality. Respondents self-reported demographics and recorded purchases over 7 days; the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 assessed diet quality. Survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted regression determined whether there were geographic and racial/ethnic differences in HEI-15 scores. Respondents were, on average, 50.6 years, non-Hispanic white (NHW) (70.3%), female (70.2%), and had attended some college (57.8%). HEI-15 scores differed across geographic region (p < 0.05), with the highest scores in the West (57.0 ± 0.8) and lowest scores in the South (53.1 ± 0.8), and there was effect modification by race/ethnicity (p-interaction = 0.02). Regionally, there were diet disparities among NHW and non-Hispanic black (NHB) households; NHWs in the South had HEI-15 scores 3.2 points lower than NHWs in the West (p = 0.003). Southern NHB households had HEI-15 scores 8.1 points lower than Western NHB households (p = 0.013). Racial/ethnic disparities in total HEI-15 by region existed in the Midwest and South, where Hispanic households in the Midwest and South had significantly lower diet quality than NHW households. Heterogeneous disparities in the diet quality of grocery purchases by region and race/ethnicity necessitate tailored approaches to reduce diet-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Elie Perraud
- AgroParis Tech., 75231 Paris, Ile-de-France, France.
| | - Haley W Parker
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Filippa Juul
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA.
| | - Niyati Parekh
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA.
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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19
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Barnhill A, Palmer A, Weston CM, Brownell KD, Clancy K, Economos CD, Gittelsohn J, Hammond RA, Kumanyika S, Bennett WL. Grappling With Complex Food Systems to Reduce Obesity: A US Public Health Challenge. Public Health Rep 2019; 133:44S-53S. [PMID: 30426872 PMCID: PMC6243440 DOI: 10.1177/0033354918802793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite 2 decades of effort by the public health community to combat obesity, obesity rates in the United States continue to rise. This lack of progress raises fundamental questions about the adequacy of our current approaches. Although the causes of population-wide obesity are multifactorial, attention to food systems as potential drivers of obesity has been prominent. However, the relationships between broader food systems and obesity are not always well understood. Our efforts to address obesity can be advanced and improved by the use of systems approaches that consider outcomes of the interconnected global food system, including undernutrition, climate change, the environmental sustainability of agriculture, and other social and economic concerns. By implementing innovative local and state programs, taking new approaches to overcome political obstacles to effect policy, and reconceptualizing research needs, we can improve obesity prevention efforts that target the food systems, maximize positive outcomes, and minimize adverse consequences. We recommend strengthening innovative local policies and programs, particularly those that involve community members in identifying problems and potential solutions and that embrace a broad set of goals beyond making eating patterns healthier. We also recommend undertaking interdisciplinary research projects that go beyond testing targeted interventions in specific populations and aim to build an understanding of the broader social, political, and economic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Barnhill
- 1 Global Food Ethics and Policy Program, Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anne Palmer
- 2 Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Christine M Weston
- 3 Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly D Brownell
- 4 World Food Policy Center, Duke University Sanford School of Public Policy, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kate Clancy
- 2 Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Christina D Economos
- 5 Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- 6 Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ross A Hammond
- 7 Center on Social Dynamics & Policy, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
- 8 Department of Public Health and Social Policy, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shiriki Kumanyika
- 9 Department of Community Health & Prevention, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wendy L Bennett
- 10 Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 11 Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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20
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Dulin-Keita A, Quintilliani LM, Buscemi J, Bell BM, Gans KM, Yaroch AL. Society of Behavioral Medicine position statement: increase funding for fruits and vegetables production in The Farm Bill reauthorization. Transl Behav Med 2019; 9:391-394. [PMID: 29669063 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/iby041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) recommends that Congress increase funding for fruit and vegetable production and intake in The Farm Bill reauthorization. Analysis of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's databases indicates that the availability of fruits and vegetables in the food supply is at half or less than half of what is needed to meet federal dietary recommendations for Americans. Based on the extant literature, SBM supports including funding allocations for fruit and vegetable production, including fruits and vegetables in commodity programs, providing additional insurance subsidies for producing fruits and vegetables, and maintaining or increasing funding for initiatives that promote fruit and vegetable intake. To avoid some of the unintended consequences of increasing support for fruit and vegetable production, new insurance products should be developed in collaboration with groups representing fruit and vegetable producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilah Dulin-Keita
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Joanna Buscemi
- Department of Psychology, Depaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brooke M Bell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim M Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Amy L Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE, USA
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21
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Hibbs-Shipp SK, Boles RE, Johnson SL, McCloskey ML, Hobbs S, Bellows LL. Development of a Quality Score for the Home Food Environment Using the Home-IDEA2 and the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020372. [PMID: 30759760 PMCID: PMC6412482 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The home food environment (HFE) is an important factor in the development of food preferences and habits in young children, and the availability of foods within the home reflects dietary intake in both adults and children. Therefore, it is important to consider the holistic quality of the HFE. The purpose of this study was to apply the Healthy Eating Index (HEI; a measure of diet quality in conformance to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans) algorithm to the Home-IDEA2, a valid and reliable food inventory checklist, to develop a Home-IDEA2 HEI Score. After an initial score was developed, it was psychometrically tested for content, criterion, and construct validity. Content validity testing resulted in 104 foods being retained. Internal criterion testing demonstrated that 42 foods (40%) changed component scores by >5%; however, no single food changed a total Home-IDEA2 HEI score by >5%. Testing of hypothetical HFEs resulted in a range of scores in the expected directions, establishing sensitivity to varied HFEs. This study resulted in a validated methodology to assess the overall quality of the HFE, thus contributing a novel approach for examining home food environments. Future research can test interventions modifying the HFE quality to improve individual dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Hibbs-Shipp
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Richard E Boles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Susan L Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Morgan L McCloskey
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Savannah Hobbs
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Laura L Bellows
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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22
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Jilcott Pitts SB, Wu Q, Truesdale KP, Haynes-Maslow L, McGuirt JT, Ammerman A, Bell R, Laska MN. One-Year Follow-Up Examination of the Impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program on Healthy Food Availability, Purchases, and Consumption. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2681. [PMID: 30487427 PMCID: PMC6313329 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We examined the short-term impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program (HFSRP), a legislatively appropriated bill providing funding up to $25,000 to small food retailers for equipment to stock and promote healthier foods, on store-level availability and purchase of healthy foods and beverages, as well as customer dietary patterns, one year post-policy implementation. We evaluated healthy food availability using a validated audit tool, purchases using customer bag-checks, and diet using self-reported questionnaires and skin carotenoid levels, assessed via Veggie Meter™, a non-invasive tool to objectively measure fruit and vegetable consumption. Difference-in-difference analyses were used to examine changes in HFSRP stores versus control stores after 1 year. There were statistically significant improvements in healthy food supply scores (availability), with the Healthy Food Supply HFS score being -0.44 points lower in control stores and 3.13 points higher in HFSRP stores pre/post HFSRP (p = 0.04). However, there were no statistically significant changes in purchases or self-reported consumption or skin carotenoids among customers in HFSRP versus control stores. Additional time or other supports for retailers (e.g., marketing and promotional materials) may be needed for HFSRP implementation to influence purchase and consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Kimberly P Truesdale
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Lindsey Haynes-Maslow
- Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Jared T McGuirt
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
| | - Alice Ammerman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Ronny Bell
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Melissa N Laska
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
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23
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Kirkpatrick SI. Examining the Quality of Foods and Beverages Across the Food Stream. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 119:35-38. [PMID: 30413341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Au LE, Gurzo K, Paolicelli C, Whaley SE, Weinfield NS, Ritchie LD. Diet Quality of US Infants and Toddlers 7-24 Months Old in the WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2. J Nutr 2018; 148:1786-1793. [PMID: 30383276 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the important implications of childhood dietary intakes on lifelong eating habits and health, data are lacking on the diet quality of low-income infants and toddlers. Objective The objective of this study was to characterize diet quality in low-income US infants and toddlers. Methods A national observational study was conducted of 7- to 12-mo-old (n = 1261), 13-mo-old (n = 2515), and 24-mo-old (n = 2179) children enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) prenatally/at birth from 2013 to 2016. The study used a 24-h dietary recall and survey questions. For 7- to 12-mo-olds, an adapted Complementary Feeding Utility Index (CFUI) was used, and for 13- and 24-mo-olds, the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated for CFUI and HEI-2015 scores. Results For 7- to 12-mo-olds, the CFUI score (mean ± SE) was 0.56 ± 0.003 (range: 0.34-0.90, maximum possible 1.0). Most children met CFUI standards for exposure to iron-rich cereal (86.7%), and low exposure to energy-dense nutrient-poor foods (72.2%) and teas/broths (67.5%). Conversely, at 7-12 mo of age, exposure was low for vegetables (7.0%), fruits (14.4%), any sugary drinks (14.0%), and 12-mo breastfeeding duration (23.8%). At 13 and 24 mo of age, the HEI-2015 total score (maximum possible 100), on average, was 64.0. At both 13 and 24 mo of age, participants achieved, on average, maximal HEI-2015 component scores for total and whole fruits and dairy; however, scores for total vegetables, greens and beans, whole grains, seafood and plant proteins, fatty acids, and saturated fats were relatively low. Scores for refined grains, sodium, and added sugar were lower at 24 than at 13 mo of age, representing higher consumption, on average, over time. Conclusions Although findings demonstrate that young children are doing well on some dietary components, there is room for improvement, especially as children age. Findings may be used to inform the Pregnancy and Birth to 24-mo (P/B-24) Project. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02031978.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Au
- Nutrition Policy Institute, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA
| | - Klara Gurzo
- Nutrition Policy Institute, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA
| | - Courtney Paolicelli
- Office of Policy Support, Food and Nutrition Service, US Department of Agriculture, Alexandria, VA
| | | | | | - Lorrene D Ritchie
- Nutrition Policy Institute, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA
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25
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Reedy J, Subar AF. 90th Anniversary Commentary: Diet Quality Indexes in Nutritional Epidemiology Inform Dietary Guidance and Public Health. J Nutr 2018; 148:1695-1697. [PMID: 30281123 PMCID: PMC6454533 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jill Reedy
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amy F Subar
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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26
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hunger relief agencies have a limited capacity to monitor the nutritional quality of their food. Validated measures of food environments, such as the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), are challenging to use due to their time intensity and requirement for precise nutrient information. A previous study used out-of-sample predictions to demonstrate that an alternative measure correlated well with the HEI-2010. The present study revised the Food Assortment Scoring Tool (FAST) to facilitate implementation and tested the tool's performance in a real-world food pantry setting. DESIGN We developed a FAST measure with thirteen scored categories and thirty-one sub-categories. FAST scores were generated by sorting and weighing foods in categories, multiplying each category's weight share by a healthfulness parameter and summing the categories (range 0-100). FAST was implemented by recording all food products moved over five days. Researchers collected FAST and HEI-2010 scores for food availability and foods selected by clients, to calculate correlations. SETTING Five food pantries in greater Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. SUBJECTS Food carts of sixty food pantry clients. RESULTS The thirteen-category FAST correlated well with the HEI-2010 in prediction models (r = 0·68). FAST scores averaged 61·5 for food products moved, 63·8 for availability and 62·5 for client carts. As implemented in the real world, FAST demonstrated good correlation with the HEI-2010 (r = 0·66). CONCLUSIONS The FAST is a flexible, valid tool to monitor the nutritional quality of food in pantries. Future studies are needed to test its use in monitoring improvements in food pantry nutritional quality over time.
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27
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Kong A, Schiffer L, Antonic M, Braunschweig C, Odoms-Young A, Fitzgibbon M. The relationship between home- and individual-level diet quality among African American and Hispanic/Latino households with young children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:5. [PMID: 29334994 PMCID: PMC5769425 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The quality of most Americans’ diets is far from optimal. Given that many Americans consume a significant portion of calories in the home, intervening in this setting could be beneficial. However, the relationship between the home food environment and diet quality is not well understood. This study examined the relationship between diet quality at the individual level with home-level diet quality using an index that measures compliance with federal dietary guidance. Methods This was a cross sectional study that enrolled 97 African American and Hispanic/Latino low-income parent-child dyads. Diet quality at the individual level was assessed through two 24-h dietary recalls collected for parents and children, respectively. Diet quality at the home level was assessed with two home food inventories conducted in participants’ homes. Diet quality scores at the home and individual levels were computed by applying the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) to these data. Linear models adjusted for potential confounding factors were used to examine the relationship between diet quality at the home and individual levels. Results Total HEI-2010 scores from parents and children’s diets were positively associated with HEI-2010 scores based on home food inventories (parent diet: β: 0.36, 95% CI: 012–0.60; child diet: 0.38 95% CI: 013–0.62). Positive associations were also observed between individual level and home level subcomponent HEI-2010 scores for total fruit (parent: 0.55 95% CI: 0.16–0.94; child: 0.49 95% CI: 0.03–0.94), whole fruit (parent only: 0.41 95% CI: 0.07–0.74), greens and beans (parent only: 0.39 95% CI: 0.05–0.74), and whole grain (children only: 0.33 95% CI: 0.04–0.63). Conclusion This study demonstrated that individual level diet quality was positively associated with home-level diet quality. Findings from this study can help us to address modifiable targets of intervention in the home to improve diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Kong
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.
| | - Linda Schiffer
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1835 W Polk St. Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Mirjana Antonic
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1835 W Polk St. Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Carol Braunschweig
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Angela Odoms-Young
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Marian Fitzgibbon
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.,University of Illinois Cancer Center, 914 S. Wood St. MC 700, Chicago, IL, 601612, USA
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Mercado CI, Cogswell ME, Perrine CG, Gillespie C. Diet Quality Associated with Total Sodium Intake among US Adults Aged ≥18 Years-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1164. [PMID: 29068397 PMCID: PMC5707636 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet quality or macronutrient composition of total daily sodium intake (dNa) <2300 mg/day in the United States (US) is unknown. Using data from 2011-2014 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), we examined 24-h dietary recalls (n = 10,142) from adults aged ≥18 years and investigated how diet composition and quality are associated with dNa. Diet quality was assessed using components of macronutrients and Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). Associations were tested using linear regression analysis adjusted for total energy (kcal), age, gender, and race/ethnicity. One-day dNa in the lower quartiles were more likely reported among women, older adults (≥65 years old), and lower quartiles of total energy (kcal) (p-values ≤ 0.001). With increasing dNa, there was an increase in the mean protein, fiber, and total fat densities, while total carbohydrates densities decreased. As dNa increased, meat protein, refined grains, dairy, and total vegetables, greens and beans densities increased; while total fruit and whole fruit densities decreased. Modified HEI-2010 total score (total score without sodium component) increased as dNa increased (adjusted coefficient: 0.11, 95% confidence interval = 0.07, 0.15). Although diet quality, based on modified HEI-2010 total score, increased on days with greater dNa, there is much room for improvement with mean diet quality of about half of the optimal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla I Mercado
- Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Mary E Cogswell
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Cria G Perrine
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Cathleen Gillespie
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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Characterizing trends in fruit and vegetable intake in the USA by self-report and by supply-and-disappearance data: 2001-2014. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:3045-3050. [PMID: 28929985 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017002385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the comparability of fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake data in the USA from 2001 to 2014 between data acquired from two national data collection programmes. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. Linear regression models estimated trends in daily per capita intake of total F&V. Pooled differences in intake of individual F&V (n 109) were examined by processing form (fresh, frozen, canned, dried and juice). SETTING What We Eat in America (WWEIA, 2001-2014) and Loss-Adjusted Food Availability data series (LAFA, 2001-2014). RESULTS No temporal trends were observed in daily per capita intake of total F&V from 2001 to 2014 using WWEIA and LAFA. Modest differences between WWEIA and LAFA were observed in mean pooled intake of most individual F&V. CONCLUSIONS WWEIA and LAFA produced similar estimates of F&V intake. However, WWEIA may be best suited for monitoring intake at the national level because it allows for the identification of individual F&V in foods with multiple ingredients, and it is structured for sub-population analysis and covariate control. LAFA does retain advantages for other research protocols, specifically by providing the only nationally representative estimates of food losses at various points in the food system, which makes it useful for examining the adequacy of the food supply at the agricultural, retail and consumer levels.
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Dietary gap assessment: an approach for evaluating whether a country's food supply can support healthy diets at the population level. Public Health Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28633691 PMCID: PMC5582405 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017001173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary diversity, and in particular consumption of nutrient-rich foods including fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans and animal-source foods, is linked to greater nutrient adequacy. We developed a 'dietary gap assessment' to evaluate the degree to which a nation's food supply could support healthy diets at the population level. Design/Setting In the absence of global food-based dietary guidelines, we selected the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet as an example because there is evidence it prevents diet-related chronic disease and supports adequate micronutrient intakes. We used the DASH guidelines to shape a hypothetical 'healthy' diet for the test country of Cameroon. Food availability was estimated using FAO Food Balance Sheet data on country-level food supply. For each of the seven food groups in the 'healthy' diet, we calculated the difference between the estimated national supply (in kcal, edible portion only) and the target amounts. RESULTS In Cameroon, dairy and other animal-source foods were not adequately available to meet healthy diet recommendations: the deficit was -365 kcal (-1527 kJ)/capita per d for dairy products and -185 kcal (-774 kJ)/capita per d for meat, poultry, fish and eggs. Adequacy of fruits and vegetables depended on food group categorization. When tubers and plantains were categorized as vegetables and fruits, respectively, supply nearly met recommendations. Categorizing tubers and plantains as starchy staples resulted in pronounced supply shortfalls: -109 kcal (-457 kJ)/capita per d for fruits and -94 kcal (-393 kJ)/capita per d for vegetables. CONCLUSIONS The dietary gap assessment illustrates an approach for better understanding how food supply patterns need to change to achieve healthier dietary patterns.
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Caspi CE, Lenk K, Pelletier JE, Barnes TL, Harnack L, Erickson DJ, Laska MN. Association between store food environment and customer purchases in small grocery stores, gas-marts, pharmacies and dollar stores. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:76. [PMID: 28583131 PMCID: PMC5460502 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Purchases at small/non-traditional food stores tend to have poor nutritional quality, and have been associated with poor health outcomes, including increased obesity risk The purpose of this study was to examine whether customers who shop at small/non-traditional food stores with more health promoting features make healthier purchases. Methods In a cross-sectional design, data collectors assessed store features in a sample of 99 small and non-traditional food stores not participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN in 2014. Customer intercept interviews (n = 594) collected purchase data from a bag check and demographics from a survey. Store measures included fruit/vegetable and whole grain availability, an overall Healthy Food Supply Score (HFSS), healthy food advertisements and in-store placement, and shelf space of key items. Customer nutritional measures were analyzed using Nutrient Databases System for Research (NDSR), and included the purchase of ≥1 serving of fruits/vegetables; ≥1 serving of whole grains; and overall Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) score for foods/beverages purchased. Associations between store and customer measures were estimated in multilevel linear and logistic regression models, controlling for customer characteristics and store type. Results Few customers purchased fruits and vegetables (8%) or whole grains (8%). In fully adjusted models, purchase HEI-2010 scores were associated with fruit/vegetable shelf space (p = 0.002) and the ratio of shelf space devoted to healthy vs. less healthy items (p = 0.0002). Offering ≥14 varieties of fruit/vegetables was associated with produce purchases (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.2–12.3), as was having produce visible from the store entrance (OR 2.3 95% CI 1.0 to 5.8), but whole grain availability measures were not associated with whole grain purchases. Conclusions Strategies addressing both customer demand and the availability of healthy food may be necessary to improve customer purchases. Trial registration ClinialTrials.gov: NCT02774330. Registered May 4, 2016 (retrospectively registered). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0531-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Caspi
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Program in Health Disparities Research, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
| | - Kathleen Lenk
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Suite 300, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Jennifer E Pelletier
- Statewide Health Improvement Program, Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, MN, 55164, USA
| | - Timothy L Barnes
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Suite 300, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Lisa Harnack
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Suite 300, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Darin J Erickson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Suite 300, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Melissa N Laska
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Suite 300, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
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Koksal E, Karacil Ermumcu MS, Mortas H. Description of the healthy eating indices-based diet quality in Turkish adults: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:12. [PMID: 29165107 PMCID: PMC5664443 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to describe the dietary status of Turkish adults using two different versions of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). METHODS In this cross sectional study, 494 healthy participants (311 females) with randomly selected and living in Ankara were included between September 2013 and March 2014. A questionnaire was completed and anthropometric measurements (weight and height) were performed. The 24-h dietary recall of individuals was collected. Diet quality was measured through HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores. RESULTS The mean age, body mass index (BMI), HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores of individuals were 32.9 ± 10.8 years; 25.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2; 56.1 ± 13.9 and 41.5 ± 13.7 points, respectively. Significant differences were found between mean HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores (p < 0.05). The individual's whose diet quality needs to be improved according to mean HEI-2005 score, had poorer diet based on mean HEI-2010 scores. The highest mean HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores were stated in female, in subjects had low education levels, aged 51 years or older and in overweight groups (p <0.05). Both versions of healthy eating indices were correlated positively with BMI and age CONCLUSION: Diet qualities of the individuals are associated with age, gender, education and BMI. Although the components and scores in HEI-2010 version were changed from the version of HEI-2005, the changes may encourage healthy choices of some food group. HEI-2010 gives more attention to food quality than HEI-2005. Thus, in the present study it was concluded that HEI-2010 provided more precise results about diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Koksal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Hande Mortas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Food and beverage purchases in corner stores, gas-marts, pharmacies and dollar stores. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:2587-2597. [PMID: 27641618 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about customer purchases of foods and beverages from small and non-traditional food retailers (i.e. corner stores, gas-marts, dollar stores and pharmacies). The present study aimed to: (i) describe customer characteristics, shopping frequency and reasons for shopping at small and non-traditional food retailers; and (ii) describe food/beverage purchases and their nutritional quality, including differences across store type. DESIGN Data were collected through customer intercept interviews. Nutritional quality of food/beverage purchases was analysed; a Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) score for purchases was created by aggregating participant purchases at each store. SETTING Small and non-traditional food stores that were not WIC-authorized in Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN, USA. SUBJECTS Customers (n 661) from 105 food retailers. RESULTS Among participants, 29 % shopped at the store at least once daily; an additional 44 % shopped there at least once weekly. Most participants (74 %) cited convenient location as the primary draw to the store. Customers purchased a median of 2262 kJ (540 kcal), which varied by store type (P=0·04). The amount of added sugar far surpassed national dietary recommendations. At dollar stores, participants purchased a median of 5302 kJ (1266 kcal) for a median value of $US 2·89. Sugar-sweetened beverages were the most common purchase. The mean HEI-2010 score across all stores was 36·4. CONCLUSIONS Small and non-traditional food stores contribute to the urban food environment. Given the poor nutritional quality of purchases, findings support the need for interventions that address customer decision making in these stores.
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Grannon KY, Hoolihan C, Wang Q, Warren C, King RP, Nanney MS. Comparing the Application of the Healthy Eating Index–2005 and the Healthy Eating Index–2010 in the Food Shelf Setting. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2016.1175398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y. Grannon
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Courtney Hoolihan
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- The Emily Program, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cael Warren
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert P. King
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marilyn S. Nanney
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the feasibility of applying the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) to the hunger relief setting, specifically by assessing the nutritional quality of foods ordered by food shelves (front-line food provider) from food banks (warehouse of foods). DESIGN This Healthy FOOD (Feedback On Ordering Decisions) observational study used electronic invoices detailing orders made by 269 food shelves in 2013 and analysed in 2015 from two large Minnesota, USA food banks to generate HEI-2010 scores. Initial development and processing procedures are described. RESULTS The average total HEI-2010 score for the 269 food shelves was 62·7 out of 100 with a range from 28 to 82. Mean component scores for total protein foods, total vegetables, fatty acids, and seafood and plant proteins were the highest. Mean component score for whole grains was the lowest followed by dairy, total fruits, refined grains and sodium. Food shelves located in micropolitan areas and the largest food shelves had the highest HEI-2010 scores. Town/rural and smaller food shelves had the lowest scores. Monthly and seasonal differences in scores were detected. Limitations to this approach are identified. CONCLUSIONS Calculating HEI-2010 for food shelves using electronic invoice data is novel and feasible, albeit with limitations. HEI-2010 scores for 2013 identify room for improvement in nearly all food shelves, especially the smallest agencies. The utility of providing HEI-2010 scores to decision makers in the hunger relief setting is an issue requiring urgent study.
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Santos PVFD, Sales CH, Vieira DAS, de Mello Fontanelli M, Marchioni DM, Fisberg RM. Family income per capita, age, and smoking status are predictors of low fiber intake in residents of São Paulo, Brazil. Nutr Res 2016; 36:478-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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McGill CR, Birkett A, Fulgonii Iii VL. Healthy Eating Index-2010 and food groups consumed by US adults who meet or exceed fiber intake recommendations NHANES 2001-2010. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:29977. [PMID: 27098562 PMCID: PMC4838991 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.29977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proportion of the US adult population who meet fiber intake recommendations is very low. Information about food groups consumed and diet quality for the adults who consume recommended amounts of fiber are scarce. Objective To examine food groups consumed and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores for US adults meeting the fiber adequate intake (AI) based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data 2001–2010. Design A secondary analysis of NHANES data from 2001 to 2010. Participants included adults aged 19 and older (n=24,807) with complete day 1 dietary records. Variables measured were food group sources of fiber and HEI-2010 scores. Sample-weighted data were used to calculate least square means (LSM)±standard error of the mean (SEM) by fiber intake quartile along with HEI-2010 scores. Significance was set at P<0.05. Results Major fiber food sources for US adults meeting the AI were grain products, vegetables, legumes, and fruits. The top grain products consumed were grain mixtures, ready-to-eat (RTE) cereals, and breads/rolls. The mean HEI-2010 score for adults meeting the AI for fiber was significantly (P<0.001) higher compared with all adult participants. The mean HEI-2010 score increased with increasing fiber intake in both groups. Conclusions Adults who meet the AI for fiber have a higher quality diet. Fiber may be an important dietary component that predicts diet quality.
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Abstract
AbstractObesity in young adults is an increasing health problem in Australia and many other countries. Evidence-based information is needed to guide interventions that reduce the obesity-promoting elements in tertiary-education environments. In a food environmental audit survey, 252 outlets were audited across seven institutions: three universities and four technical and further education institutions campuses. A scoring instrument called the food environment-quality index was developed and used to assess all food outlets on these campuses. Information was collated on the availability, accessibility and promotion of foods and beverages and a composite score (maximum score=148; higher score indicates healthier outlets) was calculated. Each outlet and the overall campus were ranked into tertiles based on their ‘healthiness’. Differences in median scores for each outcome measure were compared between institutions and outlet types using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Scheffe’s testing, χ2 tests, Kruskal–Wallis H test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Binomial logistic regressions were used to compare the proportion of healthy v. unhealthy food categories across different types of outlets. Overall, the most frequently available items were sugar-sweetened beverages (20 % of all food/drink items) followed by chocolates (12 %), high-energy (>600 kJ/serve) foods (10 %), chips (10 %) and confectionery (10 %). Healthy food and beverages were observed to be less available, accessible and promoted than unhealthy options. The median score across all outlets was 72 (interquartile range=7). Tertiary-education food environments are dominated by high-energy, nutrient-poor foods and beverages. Interventions to decrease availability, accessibility and promotion of unhealthy foods are needed.
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Wilson MM, Reedy J, Krebs-Smith SM. American Diet Quality: Where It Is, Where It Is Heading, and What It Could Be. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:302-310.e1. [PMID: 26612769 PMCID: PMC4733413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet quality is critically important to the prevention of many types of chronic disease. The federal government provides recommendations for optimal diet quality through the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and sets benchmarks for progress toward these recommendations through the Healthy People objectives. OBJECTIVE This analysis estimated recent trends in American diet quality and compared those trends to the quality of diets that would meet the Healthy People 2020 objectives and the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans in order to measure progress toward our national nutrition goals. DESIGN This analysis used 24-hour recall data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, between the years of 1999-2000 and 2011-2012, to determine mean intakes of various dietary components for the US population over time. Mean intakes were estimated using the population ratio method, and diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). RESULTS The mean HEI-2010 total score for the US population has increased from 49 in 1999-2000 to 59 in 2011-2012; continuing on that trajectory, it would reach a score of 65 by 2019-2020. A diet that meets the Healthy People 2020 objectives would receive a score of 74 and, by definition, a diet that meets the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans would receive a score of 100. Trends in HEI-2010 component scores vary; all HEI-2010 component scores except sodium have increased over time. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality is improving over time, but not quickly enough to meet all of the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Whole fruit and empty calories are the only HEI-2010 components on track to meet their respective Healthy People 2020 targets. Furthermore, the country falls short of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans by a large margin in nearly every component of diet quality assessed by the HEI-2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M. Wilson
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, National Cancer Institute. 9609 Medical Center Dr., MSC 9762. Rockville, MD 20850-9762
| | - Jill Reedy
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, National Cancer Institute. 9609 Medical Center Dr., MSC 9762. Rockville, MD 20850-9762
| | - Susan M. Krebs-Smith
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, National Cancer Institute. 9609 Medical Center Dr., MSC 9762. Rockville, MD 20850-9762
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Diet Quality of Items Advertised in Supermarket Sales Circulars Compared to Diets of the US Population, as Assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2010. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015; 116:115-122.e1. [PMID: 26508588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supermarkets use sales circulars to highlight specific foods, usually at reduced prices. Resulting purchases help form the set of available foods within households from which individuals and families make choices about what to eat. OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to determine how closely foods featured in weekly supermarket sales circulars conform to dietary guidance and how diet quality compares with that of the US population's intakes. DESIGN Food and beverage items (n=9,149) in 52 weekly sales circulars from a small Midwestern grocery chain in 2009 were coded to obtain food group and nutrient and energy content. Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) total and component scores were calculated using algorithms developed by the National Cancer Institute. HEI-2010 scores for the US population aged 2+ years were estimated using data from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. HEI-2010 scores of circulars and population intakes were compared using Student's t tests. RESULTS Mean total (42.8 of 100) HEI-2010 scores of circulars were lower than that of the US population (55.4; P<0.001). Among individual components, Total Protein Foods was the only one for which 100% of the maximum score was met by both circulars and the population. The scores were also similar between the circulars and population for Whole Grains (22%; P=0.81) and Seafood and Plant Proteins (70% to 74%; P=0.33). Circular scores were lower than those of the population for Total and Whole Fruits, Total Vegetables and Greens and Beans, Dairy, Sodium, and Empty Calories (P<0.001); they were higher only for Fatty Acids (P=0.006) and Refined Grains (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS HEI-2010 total scores for these sales circulars were even lower than US population scores, which have been shown repeatedly to reflect low diet quality. Supermarkets could support improvements in consumer diets by weekly featuring foods that are more in concordance with food and nutrient recommendations.
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Zizza CA. Policies and politics of the US food supply. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 115:27-30. [PMID: 25454152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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