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Olbrich K, Setkowicz Z, Kawon K, Czyzycki M, Janik-Olchawa N, Carlomagno I, Aquilanti G, Chwiej J. Vibrational spectroscopy methods for investigation of the animal models of glioblastoma multiforme. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123230. [PMID: 37586277 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor among adults. It is highly lethal disease, as only 25% of patients survive longer than 1 year and only 5% more than 5 years from the diagnosis. To search for the new, more effective methods of treatment, the understanding of mechanisms underlying the process of tumorigenesis is needed. The new light on this problem may be shed by the analysis of biochemical anomalies of tissues affected by tumor growth. Therefore, in the present work, we applied the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman microspectroscopy to evaluate changes in the distribution and structure of biomolecules appearing in the rat brain as a result of glioblastoma development. In turn, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy was utilized to determine the elemental anomalies appearing in the nervous tissue. To achieve the assumed goals of the study animal models of GBM were used. The rats were subjected to the intracranial implantation of glioma cells with different degree of invasiveness. For spectroscopic investigation brain slices taken from the area of cancer cells administration were used. The obtained results revealed, among others, the decrease content of lipids and compounds containing carbonyl groups, compositional and structural changes of proteins as well as abnormalities in the distribution of low atomic number elements within the region of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Olbrich
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kawon
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Czyzycki
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Natalia Janik-Olchawa
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Rugiel M, Setkowicz-Janeczko Z, Kosiek W, Rauk Z, Kawon K, Chwiej J. Does Ketogenic Diet Used in Pregnancy Affect the Nervous System Development in Offspring?─FTIR Microspectroscopy Study. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:2775-2791. [PMID: 37471579 PMCID: PMC10401638 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-seizure medications used during pregnancy may have transient or long-lasting impact on the nervous system of the offspring. Therefore, there is a great need to search for alternative therapies for pregnant women suffering from seizures. One of the solutions may be the use of the ketogenic diet (KD), which has been successfully applied as a treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in children and adults. However, the risks associated with the use of this dietary therapy during pregnancy are unknown and more investigation in this area is needed. To shed some light on this problem, we attempted to determine the potential abnormalities in brain biomolecular composition that may occur in the offspring after the prenatal exposure to KD. To achieve this, the female Wistar rats were, during pregnancy, fed with either ketogenic or standard laboratory diet, and for further studies, their male offspring at 2, 6, or 14 days of age were used. Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy was applied for topographic and quantitative analysis of main biological macromolecules (proteins, lipids, compounds containing phosphate and carbonyl groups, and cholesterol) in brain samples. Performed chemical mapping and further semi-quantitative and statistical analysis showed that the use of the KD during pregnancy, in general, does not lead to the brain biochemical anomalies in 2 and 6 days old rats. The exception from this rule was increased relative (comparing to proteins) content of compounds containing phosphate groups in white matter and cortex of 2 days old rats exposed prenatally to KD. Greater number of abnormalities was found in brains of the 14 days old offspring of KD-fed mothers. They included the increase of the relative level of compounds containing carbonyl groups (in cortex as well as multiform and molecular cells of the hippocampal formation) as well as the decrease of the relative content of lipids and their structural changes (in white matter). What is more, the surface of the internal capsule (structure of the white matter) determined for this age group was smaller in animals subjected to prenatal KD exposure. The observed changes seem to arise from the elevated exposition to ketone bodies during a fetus life and the disturbance of lipid metabolism after prenatal exposure to the KD. These changes may be also associated with the processes of compensation of mother organism, which slowly began to make up for the deficiencies in carbohydrates postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Rugiel
- Faculty
of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Kosiek
- Institute
of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian
University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Rauk
- Institute
of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian
University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Kamil Kawon
- Faculty
of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty
of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow 30-059, Poland
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3
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Rugiel MM, Setkowicz ZK, Drozdz AK, Janeczko KJ, Kutorasińska J, Chwiej JG. The Use of Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy for the Determination of Biochemical Anomalies of the Hippocampal Formation Characteristic for the Kindling Model of Seizures. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:4564-4579. [PMID: 34817152 PMCID: PMC8678993 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
The animal models
of seizures and/or epilepsy are widely used to
identify the pathomechanisms of the disease as well as to look for
and test the new antiseizure therapies. The understanding of the mechanisms
of action of new drugs and evaluation of their safety in animals require
previous knowledge concerning the biomolecular anomalies characteristic
for the particular model. Among different models of seizures, one
of the most widely used is the kindling model that was also applied
in our study. To examine the influence of multiple transauricular
electroshocks on the biochemical composition of rat hippocampal formation,
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectrosopy was utilized.
The chemical mapping of the main absorption bands and their ratios
allowed us to detect significant anomalies in both the distribution
and structure of main biomolecules for electrically stimulated rats.
They included an increased relative content of proteins with β-sheet
conformation (an increased ratio of the absorbance at the wavenumbers
of 1635 and 1658 cm–1), a decreased level of cholesterol
and/or its esters and compounds containing phosphate groups (a diminished
intensity of the massif of 1360–1480 cm–1 and the band at 1240 cm–1), as well as increased
accumulation of carbohydrates and the compounds containing carbonyl
groups (increased intensity of the bands at 1080 and 1740 cm–1, respectively). The observed biomolecular abnormalities seem to
be the consequence of lipid peroxidation promoted by reactive oxygen
species as well as the mobilization of glucose that resulted from
the increased demand to energy during postelectroshock seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena M. Rugiel
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Zuzanna K. Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Golebia 24, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Agnieszka K. Drozdz
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Institute of Biological Sciences, Akademicka 19, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Janeczko
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Golebia 24, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Justyna Kutorasińska
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Joanna G. Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
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Kawon K, Setkowicz Z, Drozdz A, Janeczko K, Chwiej J. The methods of vibrational microspectroscopy reveals long-term biochemical anomalies within the region of mechanical injury within the rat brain. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120214. [PMID: 34325168 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), meaning functional or structural brain damage which appear as a result of the application of the external physical force, constitutes the main cause of death and disability of individuals and a great socioeconomic problem. To search for the new therapeutic strategies for TBI, better knowledge about posttraumatic pathological changes occurring in the brain is necessary. Therefore in the present paper the Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy and Raman microscopy were used to examine local and remote biochemical changes occurring in the rat brain as a result of focal cortex injury. The site of the injury and the dorsal part of the hippocampal formation together with the above situated cortex and white matter were the subject of the study. The topographic and quantitative biochemical analysis followed with the statistical study using principal component analysis showed significant biomolecular anomalies within the lesion site but not in the area of the dorsal hippocampal formation and in the above situated white matter and cortex. The observed intralesional anomalies included significantly decreased accumulation of lipids and their structural changes within the place of injury. Also the levels of compounds containing phosphate and carbonyl groups were lower within the lesion site comparing to the surrounding cortex. The opposite relation was, in turn, found for the bands characteristic to proteins and cholesterol/cholesterol esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kawon
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Drozdz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Janeczko
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland.
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Perez-Berna AJ, Benseny-Cases N, Rodríguez MJ, Valcarcel R, Carrascosa JL, Gastaminza P, Pereiro E. Monitoring reversion of hepatitis C virus-induced cellular alterations by direct-acting antivirals using cryo soft X-ray tomography and infrared microscopy. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1365-1377. [PMID: 34726165 PMCID: PMC8561738 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321009955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped RNA virus. One of the hallmarks of HCV infection is a rearrangement of the host cell membranes, known as the `membranous web'. Full-field cryo soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT) in the water-window energy range (284-543 eV) was performed on the MISTRAL beamline to investigate, in whole unstained cells, the morphology of the membranous rearrangements induced in HCV replicon-harbouring cells in conditions close to the living physiological state. All morphological alterations could be reverted by a combination of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, which are clinically approved antivirals (direct-acting antivirals; DAAs) for HCV infection. Correlatively combining cryo-SXT and 2D synchrotron-based infrared microscopy provides critical information on the chemical nature of specific infection-related structures, which allows specific patterns of the infection process or the DAA-mediated healing process to be distinguished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J. Perez-Berna
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2–26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Nuria Benseny-Cases
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2–26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - María José Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Valcarcel
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2–26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - José L. Carrascosa
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Gastaminza
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2–26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
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6
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Drozdz A, Matusiak K, Setkowicz Z, Ciarach M, Janeczko K, Sandt C, Borondics F, Horak D, Babic M, Chwiej J. FTIR microspectroscopy revealed biochemical changes in liver and kidneys as a result of exposure to low dose of iron oxide nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118355. [PMID: 32344375 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have biomedical and biotechnological applications in magnetic imaging, drug-delivery, magnetic separation and purification. The biocompatibility of such particles may be improved by covering them with coating. In presented paper the biochemical anomalies of liver and kidney occurring in animals exposed to d-mannitol-coated iron(III) oxide nanoparticles (M-IONPs) were examined with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. The dose of IONPs used in the study was significantly lower than those used so far in other research. Liver and kidney tissue sections were analysed by chemical mapping of infrared absorption bands originating from proteins, lipids, compounds containing phosphate groups, cholesterol and cholesterol esters. Changes in content and/or structure of the selected biomolecules were evaluated by comparison of the results obtained for animals treated with M-IONPs with those from control group. Biochemical analysis of liver samples demonstrated a few M-IONPs induced anomalies in the organ, mostly concerning the relative content of the selected compounds. The biomolecular changes, following exposition to nanoparticles, were much more intense within the kidney tissue. Biochemical aberrations found in the organ samples indicated at increase of tissue density, anomalies in fatty acids structure as well as changes in relative content of lipids and proteins. The simultaneous accumulation of lipids, phosphate groups as well as cholesterol and cholesterol esters in kidneys of rats exposed to IONPs may indicate that the particles stimulated formation of lipid droplets within the organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Drozdz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Ciarach
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Janeczko
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Daniel Horak
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Babic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
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7
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Barraza-Garza G, Pérez-León JA, Castillo-Michel H, de la Rosa LA, Martinez-Martinez A, Cotte M, Alvarez-Parrilla E. Antioxidant effect of phenolic compounds (PC) at different concentrations in IEC-6 cells: A spectroscopic analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 227:117570. [PMID: 31669938 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PC) have been proposed as natural antioxidant agents that protect cells against oxidative stress-related diseases. Nonetheless, their low bioavailability forecasts controversy about mechanisms on their in vivo scavenging activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been proposed that PC reduce directly ROS concentration. An alternative or complementary action of PC could be the activation of the cell's antioxidant pathway, involving the regulation of gene expression, like that initiated by the Nrf2 transcription factor. To date there is not enough experimental data to support or discard this possibility. In the present study, we evaluated the use of several PC to prevent peroxidation of macromolecules and to elicit the activation of the Nrf2 transcription factor in H2O2-stresed IEC-6 enterocytic cell line. Synchrotron microspectroscopy demonstrated that PC compounds protected proteins, lipids and nucleic acids against oxidation induced by H2O2. Immunofluorescence results showed that treatment with quercetin (Qc), catechin (Cat) and capsaicin (Cap) induced the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, at the same level as did H2O2 treatment, thus mimicking the action of the endogenous cell response to peroxidation. Even though the detailed mechanism still needs to be elucidated, we demonstrated the activation of Nrf2 by PCs in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Barraza-Garza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Juárez, Mexico
| | - J A Pérez-León
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Juárez, Mexico
| | - H Castillo-Michel
- X-ray and Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline ID21, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - L A de la Rosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Juárez, Mexico
| | - A Martinez-Martinez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Juárez, Mexico
| | - M Cotte
- X-ray and Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline ID21, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - E Alvarez-Parrilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, 32310, Juárez, Mexico.
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8
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Hackett MJ, Hollings A, Majimbi M, Brook E, Cochran B, Giles C, Lam V, Nesbit M, Rye KA, Mamo JCL, Takechi R. Multimodal Imaging Analyses of Brain Hippocampal Formation Reveal Reduced Cu and Lipid Content and Increased Lactate Content in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2533-2540. [PMID: 30855947 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is reported to increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. While the brain homeostasis of metals and lipids is pivotal to maintaining energy metabolism and redox homeostasis for healthy brain function, no studies have reported hippocampal metal and biochemical changes in NIDDM. Therefore, we here utilized direct spectroscopic imaging to reveal the elemental distribution within the hippocampal subregions of an established murine model of NIDDM, db/db mice. In 26-week-old insulin resistant db/db mice, X-ray fluorescence microscopy revealed that the Cu content within the dentate gyrus and CA3 was significantly greater than that of the age-matched nondiabetic control mice. In addition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis indicated a significant increase in the abundance of lactate within the corpus callosum (CC), dentate gyrus, CA1, and CA3 regions of diabetic db/db mice compared to that of the control, indicating altered energy metabolism. FTIR analysis also showed a significant decrease in the level of lipid methylene and ester within the CC of db/db mice. Furthermore, immunomicroscopy analyses demonstrated the increase in the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and peri-vascular extravasation of IgG, indicating astrogliosis and blood-brain barrier dysfunction, respectively. These data suggest that astrogliosis-induced alterations in the supply of Cu, lipids, and energy substrates may be involved in the mechanisms of NIDDM-associated cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ashley Hollings
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Maimuna Majimbi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Emily Brook
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Blake Cochran
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Virginie Lam
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Michael Nesbit
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - John C. L. Mamo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ryusuke Takechi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
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9
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Chwiej JG, Ciesielka SW, Skoczen AK, Janeczko KJ, Sandt C, Planeta KL, Setkowicz ZK. Biochemical Changes Indicate Developmental Stage in the Hippocampal Formation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:628-635. [PMID: 30375847 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature showing how age of humans or animals influences the IR absorption spectra recorded in different brain regions is very poor. A very limited number of studies used FTIR microspectroscopy for analysis of the aging process, however there is lack of data concerning the biomolecular changes occurring in the course of postnatal development of the central nervous system. Therefore, in this paper the topographic and semiquantitative biochemical changes occurring within the rat hippocampus during postnatal development were examined. To achieve the goal of the study, three groups of normal male rats differing in age were investigated. These were 6, 30, and 60 day old animals, and the chosen ages correspond to the neonatal period, childhood, and early adulthood in humans, respectively. Already, preliminary topographic analysis identified a number of significant changes in the accumulation of biomolecules within the hippocampal formation occurring during brain development. Such observation was confirmed by further semiquantitative analysis of intensities of selected absorption bands or ratios of their intensities. The detailed examinations were done for four hippocampal cellular layers (multiform, molecular, pyramidal, and granular layers), and the results showed that the accumulation of most biomolecules, including both saturated and unsaturated lipids as well as compounds containing phosphate and carbonyl groups, was significantly higher in adulthood comparing to the neonatal period. What is more, the increases in their levels were observed mostly between 6th and 30th days of animals' life. The unsaturation level of lipids did not change during postnatal development, although the differences in unsaturated and saturated lipids contents were noticed between examined animal groups. Significant differences in relative secondary structure of proteins were found between young adult rats and animals in neonatal period for which the relative level of proteins with β-type secondary structure was the highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna G. Chwiej
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Stanislaw W. Ciesielka
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Agnieszka K. Skoczen
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Janeczko
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | | | - Karolina L. Planeta
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Zuzanna K. Setkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Krakow 30-387, Poland
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10
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Fimognari N, Hollings A, Lam V, Tidy RJ, Kewish CM, Albrecht MA, Takechi R, Mamo JCL, Hackett MJ. Biospectroscopic Imaging Provides Evidence of Hippocampal Zn Deficiency and Decreased Lipid Unsaturation in an Accelerated Aging Mouse Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2774-2785. [PMID: 29901988 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Western society is facing a health epidemic due to the increasing incidence of dementia in aging populations, and there are still few effective diagnostic methods, minimal treatment options, and no cure. Aging is the greatest risk factor for memory loss that occurs during the natural aging process, as well as being the greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. Greater understanding of the biochemical pathways that drive a healthy aging brain toward dementia (pathological aging or Alzheimer's disease), is required to accelerate the development of improved diagnostics and therapies. Unfortunately, many animal models of dementia model chronic amyloid precursor protein overexpression, which although highly relevant to mechanisms of amyloidosis and familial Alzheimer's disease, does not model well dementia during the natural aging process. A promising animal model reported to model mechanisms of accelerated natural aging and memory impairments, is the senescence accelerated murine prone strain 8 (SAMP8), which has been adopted by many research group to study the biochemical transitions that occur during brain aging. A limitation to traditional methods of biochemical characterization is that many important biochemical and elemental markers (lipid saturation, lactate, transition metals) cannot be imaged at meso- or microspatial resolution. Therefore, in this investigation, we report the first multimodal biospectroscopic characterization of the SAMP8 model, and have identified important biochemical and elemental alterations, and colocalizations, between 4 month old SAMP8 mice and the relevant control (SAMR1) mice. Specifically, we demonstrate direct evidence of Zn deficiency within specific subregions of the hippocampal CA3 sector, which colocalize with decreased lipid unsaturation. Our findings also revealed colocalization of decreased lipid unsaturation and increased lactate in the corpus callosum white matter, adjacent to the hippocampus. Such findings may have important implication for future research aimed at elucidating specific biochemical pathways for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Fimognari
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ashley Hollings
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Virginie Lam
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rebecca J. Tidy
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Cameron M. Kewish
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Albrecht
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ryu Takechi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - John C. L. Mamo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia
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11
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Benseny-Cases N, Álvarez-Marimon E, Castillo-Michel H, Cotte M, Falcon C, Cladera J. Synchrotron-Based Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (μFTIR) Study on the Effect of Alzheimer’s Aβ Amorphous and Fibrillar Aggregates on PC12 Cells. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2772-2779. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Benseny-Cases
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2−26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Álvarez-Marimon
- Unitat
de Biofísica, Departament de Bioquímica i de Biologia Molecular, Facultat
de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hiram Castillo-Michel
- ID21, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Cotte
- ID21, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d’Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Carlos Falcon
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2−26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Cladera
- Unitat
de Biofísica, Departament de Bioquímica i de Biologia Molecular, Facultat
de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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12
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Schreiver I, Hesse B, Seim C, Castillo-Michel H, Villanova J, Laux P, Dreiack N, Penning R, Tucoulou R, Cotte M, Luch A. Synchrotron-based ν-XRF mapping and μ-FTIR microscopy enable to look into the fate and effects of tattoo pigments in human skin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11395. [PMID: 28900193 PMCID: PMC5595966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of tattoos provoked safety concerns with respect to particle distribution and effects inside the human body. We used skin and lymphatic tissues from human corpses to address local biokinetics by means of synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques at both the micro (μ) and nano (ν) scale. Additional advanced mass spectrometry-based methodology enabled to demonstrate simultaneous transport of organic pigments, heavy metals and titanium dioxide from skin to regional lymph nodes. Among these compounds, organic pigments displayed the broadest size range with smallest species preferentially reaching the lymph nodes. Using synchrotron μ-FTIR analysis we were also able to detect ultrastructural changes of the tissue adjacent to tattoo particles through altered amide I α-helix to β-sheet protein ratios and elevated lipid contents. Altogether we report strong evidence for both migration and long-term deposition of toxic elements and tattoo pigments as well as for conformational alterations of biomolecules that likely contribute to cutaneous inflammation and other adversities upon tattooing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Schreiver
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Christian Seim
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Department of X-ray Spectrometry, Abbestrasse 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, Institute for Optics and Atomic Physics, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julie Villanova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Peter Laux
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Dreiack
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Randolf Penning
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Remi Tucoulou
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Marine Cotte
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Hackett MJ, Sylvain NJ, Hou H, Caine S, Alaverdashvili M, Pushie MJ, Kelly ME. Concurrent Glycogen and Lactate Imaging with FTIR Spectroscopy To Spatially Localize Metabolic Parameters of the Glial Response Following Brain Ischemia. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10949-10956. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- Nanochemistry
Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Nicole J. Sylvain
- Department
of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Suite B419 Health
Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Huishu Hou
- Department
of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Suite B419 Health
Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Sally Caine
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins
Road, Suite B221 Health Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mariam Alaverdashvili
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins
Road, Suite B221 Health Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Michael J. Pushie
- Department
of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Suite B419 Health
Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Michael E. Kelly
- Department
of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Suite B419 Health
Sciences Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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14
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Caine S, Hackett MJ, Hou H, Kumar S, Maley J, Ivanishvili Z, Suen B, Szmigielski A, Jiang Z, Sylvain NJ, Nichol H, Kelly ME. A novel multi-modal platform to image molecular and elemental alterations in ischemic stroke. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 91:132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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15
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Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Study the Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds in Isolated Rat Enterocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9245150. [PMID: 27213031 PMCID: PMC4861801 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9245150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of different polyphenols, catechin (Cat), quercetin (Qc) (flavonoids), gallic acid (GA), caffeic acid (CfA), chlorogenic acid (ChA) (phenolic acids), and capsaicin (Cap), against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was evaluated in rat enterocytes using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIRM), and results were compared to standard lipid peroxidation techniques: conjugated dienes (CD) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). Analysis of ATR-FTIR and FTIRM spectral data allowed the simultaneous evaluation of the effects of H2O2 and polyphenols on lipid and protein oxidation. All polyphenols showed a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in enterocytes, when administered before or after H2O2. Cat and capsaicin showed the highest protective effect, while phenolic acids had weaker effects and Qc presented a mild prooxidative effect (IR spectral profile of biomolecules between control and H2O2-treated cells) according to FTIR analyses. These results demonstrated the viability to use infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant effect of molecules in cell systems assays.
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16
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Sandt C, Nadaradjane C, Richards R, Dumas P, Sée V. Use of infrared microspectroscopy to elucidate a specific chemical signature associated with hypoxia levels found in glioblastoma. Analyst 2016; 141:870-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Detection of the chemical signature associated with hypoxia in single glioblastoma cells by synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Sandt
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Céline Nadaradjane
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
- Department of Biochemistry
| | - Rosalie Richards
- Department of Biochemistry
- Institute of Integrative Biology
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
| | - Paul Dumas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Violaine Sée
- Department of Biochemistry
- Institute of Integrative Biology
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
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17
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Hackett MJ, Smith SE, Caine S, Nichol H, George GN, Pickering IJ, Paterson PG. Novel bio-spectroscopic imaging reveals disturbed protein homeostasis and thiol redox with protein aggregation prior to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron death induced by global brain ischemia in the rat. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:806-18. [PMID: 26454085 PMCID: PMC5509437 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Global brain ischemia resulting from cardiac arrest and cardiac surgery can lead to permanent brain damage and mental impairment. A clinical hallmark of global brain ischemia is delayed neurodegeneration, particularly within the CA1 subsector of the hippocampus. Unfortunately, the biochemical mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, hindering optimization of current therapies (i.e., therapeutic hypothermia) or development of new therapies. A major limitation to elucidating the mechanisms that contribute to neurodegeneration and understanding how these are influenced by potential therapies is the inability to relate biochemical markers to alterations in the morphology of individual neurons. Although immunocytochemistry allows imaging of numerous biochemical markers at the sub-cellular level, it is not a direct chemical imaging technique and requires successful "tagging" of the desired analyte. Consequently, important biochemical parameters, particularly those that manifest from oxidative damage to biological molecules, such as aggregated protein levels, have been notoriously difficult to image at the cellular or sub-cellular level. It has been hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during ischemia and reperfusion facilitate protein aggregation, impairing neuronal protein homeostasis (i.e., decreasing protein synthesis) that in turn promotes neurodegeneration. Despite indirect evidence for this theory, direct measurements of morphology and ROS induced biochemical damage, such as increased protein aggregates and decreased protein synthesis, within the same neuron is lacking, due to the unavailability of a suitable imaging method. Our experimental approach has incorporated routine histology with novel wide-field synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared imaging (FTIRI) of the same neurons, ex vivo within brain tissue sections. The results demonstrate for the first time that increased protein aggregation and decreased levels of total protein occur in the same CA1 pyramidal neurons 1 day after global ischemia. Further, analysis of serial tissue sections using X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the sulfur K-edge has revealed that CA1 pyramidal neurons have increased disulfide levels, a direct indicator of oxidative stress, at this time point. These changes at 1 day after ischemia precede a massive increase in aggregated protein and disulfide levels concomitant with loss of neuron integrity 2 days after ischemia. Therefore, this study has provided direct support for a correlative mechanistic link in both spatial and temporal domains between oxidative stress, protein aggregation and altered protein homeostasis prior to irreparable neuron damage following global ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Hackett
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Shari E Smith
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Sally Caine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Helen Nichol
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Phyllis G Paterson
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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18
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Hackett MJ, Aitken JB, El-Assaad F, McQuillan JA, Carter EA, Ball HJ, Tobin MJ, Paterson D, de Jonge MD, Siegele R, Cohen DD, Vogt S, Grau GE, Hunt NH, Lay PA. Mechanisms of murine cerebral malaria: Multimodal imaging of altered cerebral metabolism and protein oxidation at hemorrhage sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500911. [PMID: 26824064 PMCID: PMC4730848 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using a multimodal biospectroscopic approach, we settle several long-standing controversies over the molecular mechanisms that lead to brain damage in cerebral malaria, which is a major health concern in developing countries because of high levels of mortality and permanent brain damage. Our results provide the first conclusive evidence that important components of the pathology of cerebral malaria include peroxidative stress and protein oxidation within cerebellar gray matter, which are colocalized with elevated nonheme iron at the site of microhemorrhage. Such information could not be obtained previously from routine imaging methods, such as electron microscopy, fluorescence, and optical microscopy in combination with immunocytochemistry, or from bulk assays, where the level of spatial information is restricted to the minimum size of tissue that can be dissected. We describe the novel combination of chemical probe-free, multimodal imaging to quantify molecular markers of disturbed energy metabolism and peroxidative stress, which were used to provide new insights into understanding the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. In addition to these mechanistic insights, the approach described acts as a template for the future use of multimodal biospectroscopy for understanding the molecular processes involved in a range of clinically important acute and chronic (neurodegenerative) brain diseases to improve treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jade B. Aitken
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Fatima El-Assaad
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - James A. McQuillan
- Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Carter
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Helen J. Ball
- Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Mark J. Tobin
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David Paterson
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Martin D. de Jonge
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Rainer Siegele
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - David D. Cohen
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Georges E. Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Nicholas H. Hunt
- Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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19
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Chwiej J, Skoczen A, Matusiak K, Janeczko K, Patulska A, Sandt C, Simon R, Ciarach M, Setkowicz Z. The influence of the ketogenic diet on the elemental and biochemical compositions of the hippocampal formation. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 49:40-6. [PMID: 25986320 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that dietary therapies, mainly the ketogenic diet, may be highly effective in the reduction of epileptic seizures. All of them share the common characteristic of restricting carbohydrate intake to shift the predominant caloric source of the diet to fat. Catabolism of fats results in the production of ketone bodies which become alternate energy substrates to glucose. Although many mechanisms by which ketone bodies yield its anticonvulsant effect are proposed, the relationships between the brain metabolism of the ketone bodies and their neuroprotective and antiepileptogenic action still remain to be discerned. In the study, X-ray fluorescence microscopy and FTIR microspectroscopy were used to follow ketogenic diet-induced changes in the elemental and biochemical compositions of rat hippocampal formation tissue. The use of synchrotron sources of X-rays and infrared allowed us to examine changes in the accumulation and distribution of selected elements (P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Se) and biomolecules (proteins, lipids, ketone bodies, etc.) with the micrometer spatial resolution. The comparison of rats fed with the ketogenic diet and rats fed with the standard laboratory diet showed changes in the hippocampal accumulation of P, K, Ca, and Zn. The relations obtained for Ca (increased level in CA3, DG, and its internal area) and Zn (decreased areal density in CA3 and DG) were analogous to those that we previously observed for rats in the acute phase of pilocarpine-induced seizures. Biochemical analysis of tissues taken from ketogenic diet-fed rats demonstrated increased intensity of absorption band occurring at 1740 cm(-1), which was probably the result of elevated accumulation of ketone bodies. Moreover, higher absolute and relative (3012 cm(-1)/2924 cm(-1), 3012 cm(-1)/lipid massif, and 3012 cm(-1)/amide I) intensity of the 3012-cm(-1) band resulting from increased unsaturated fatty acids content was found after the treatment with the high-fat diet. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Status Epilepticus".
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Chwiej
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Skoczen
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Janeczko
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology, Department of Neuroanatomy, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Patulska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Rolf Simon
- Institut fur Synchrotronstrahlung, Research Centre Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Ciarach
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology, Department of Neuroanatomy, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology, Department of Neuroanatomy, Krakow, Poland
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20
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Hackett MJ, DeSouza M, Caine S, Bewer B, Nichol H, Paterson PG, Colbourne F. A new method to image heme-Fe, total Fe, and aggregated protein levels after intracerebral hemorrhage. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:761-70. [PMID: 25695130 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating stroke that results in high mortality and significant disability in survivors. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms of this injury are not yet fully understood. After the primary (mechanical) trauma, secondary degenerative events contribute to ongoing cell death in the peri-hematoma region. Oxidative stress is thought to be a key reason for this delayed injury, which is likely due to free-Fe-catalyzed free radical reactions. Unfortunately, this is difficult to prove with conventional biochemical assays that fail to differentiate between alterations that occur within the hematoma and peri-hematoma zone. This is a critical limitation, as the hematoma contains tissue severely damaged by the initial hemorrhage and is unsalvageable, whereas the peri-hematoma region is less damaged but at risk from secondary degenerative events. Such events include oxidative stress mediated by free Fe presumed to originate from hemoglobin breakdown. Therefore, minimizing the damage caused by oxidative stress following hemoglobin breakdown and Fe release is a major therapeutic target. However, the extent to which free Fe contributes to the pathogenesis of ICH remains unknown. This investigation used a novel imaging approach that employed resonance Raman spectroscopic mapping of hemoglobin, X-ray fluorescence microscopic mapping of total Fe, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging of aggregated protein following ICH in rats. This multimodal spectroscopic approach was used to accurately define the hematoma/peri-hematoma boundary and quantify the Fe concentration and the relative aggregated protein content, as a marker of oxidative stress, within each region. The results revealed total Fe is substantially increased in the hematoma (0.90 μg cm(-2)), and a subtle but significant increase in Fe that is not in the chemical form of hemoglobin is present within the peri-hematoma zone (0.32 μg cm(-2)) within 1 day of ICH, relative to sham animals (0.22 μg cm(-2)). Levels of aggregated protein were significantly increased within both the hematoma (integrated band area 0.10 AU) and peri-hematoma zone (integrated band area 0.10 AU) relative to sham animals (integrated band area 0.056 AU), but no significant difference in aggregated protein content was observed between the hematoma and peri-hematoma zone. This result suggests that the chemical form of Fe and its ability to generate free radicals is likely to be a more critical predictor of tissue damage than the total Fe content of the tissue. Furthermore, this article describes a novel approach to colocalize nonheme Fe and aggregated protein in the peri-hematoma zone following ICH, a significant methodological advancement for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Mauren DeSouza
- Department
of Psychology and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
- Stress,
Memory and Behaviour Lab, Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Sally Caine
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107
Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Brian Bewer
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Helen Nichol
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107
Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Phyllis G. Paterson
- College of
Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, D Wing Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins
Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Frederick Colbourne
- Department
of Psychology and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
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Hackett MJ, Britz CJ, Paterson PG, Nichol H, Pickering IJ, George GN. In situ biospectroscopic investigation of rapid ischemic and postmortem induced biochemical alterations in the rat brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:226-38. [PMID: 25350866 PMCID: PMC4372066 DOI: 10.1021/cn500157j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
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Rapid advances in
imaging technologies have pushed novel spectroscopic
modalities such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the sulfur K-edge to the
forefront of direct in situ investigation of brain biochemistry. However,
few studies have examined the extent to which sample preparation artifacts
confound results. Previous investigations using traditional analyses,
such as tissue dissection, homogenization, and biochemical assay,
conducted extensive research to identify biochemical alterations that
occur ex vivo during sample preparation. In particular, altered metabolism
and oxidative stress may be caused by animal death. These processes
were a concern for studies using biochemical assays, and protocols
were developed to minimize their occurrence. In this investigation,
a similar approach was taken to identify the biochemical alterations
that are detectable by two in situ spectroscopic methods (FTIR, XAS)
that occur as a consequence of ischemic conditions created during
humane animal killing. FTIR and XAS are well suited to study markers
of altered metabolism such as lactate and creatine (FTIR) and markers
of oxidative stress such as aggregated proteins (FTIR) and altered
thiol redox (XAS). The results are in accordance with previous investigations
using biochemical assays and demonstrate that the time between animal
death and tissue dissection results in ischemic conditions that alter
brain metabolism and initiate oxidative stress. Therefore, future
in situ biospectroscopic investigations utilizing FTIR and XAS must
take into consideration that brain tissue dissected from a healthy
animal does not truly reflect the in vivo condition, but rather reflects
a state of mild ischemia. If studies require the levels of metabolites
(lactate, creatine) and markers of oxidative stress (thiol redox)
to be preserved as close as possible to the in vivo condition, then
rapid freezing of brain tissue via decapitation into liquid nitrogen,
followed by chiseling the brain out at dry ice temperatures is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Carter J. Britz
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107
Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Phyllis G. Paterson
- College
of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, D Wing Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Helen Nichol
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107
Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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22
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Chwiej J, Skoczen A, Janeczko K, Kutorasinska J, Matusiak K, Figiel H, Dumas P, Sandt C, Setkowicz Z. The biochemical changes in hippocampal formation occurring in normal and seizure experiencing rats as a result of a ketogenic diet. Analyst 2015; 140:2190-204. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01857e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ketogenic diet-induced biochemical changes occurring in normal and epileptic hippocampal formations were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Chwiej
- AGH-University of Science and Technology
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
- Krakow
- Poland
| | - Agnieszka Skoczen
- AGH-University of Science and Technology
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
- Krakow
- Poland
| | | | - Justyna Kutorasinska
- AGH-University of Science and Technology
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
- Krakow
- Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- AGH-University of Science and Technology
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
- Krakow
- Poland
| | - Henryk Figiel
- AGH-University of Science and Technology
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
- Krakow
- Poland
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23
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Benseny-Cases N, Klementieva O, Cotte M, Ferrer I, Cladera J. Microspectroscopy (μFTIR) reveals co-localization of lipid oxidation and amyloid plaques in human Alzheimer disease brains. Anal Chem 2014; 86:12047-54. [PMID: 25415602 DOI: 10.1021/ac502667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid peptides are the main component of one of the characteristic pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD): senile plaques. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, amyloid peptides may play a central role in the sequence of events that leads to neurodegeneration. However, there are other factors, such as oxidative stress, that may be crucial for the development of the disease. In the present paper, we show that it is possible, by using Fourier tranform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, to co-localize amyloid deposits and lipid peroxidation in tissue slides from patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Plaques and lipids can be analyzed in the same sample, making use of the characteristic infrared bands for peptide aggregation and lipid oxidation. The results show that, in samples from patients diagnosed with AD, the plaques and their immediate surroundings are always characterized by the presence of oxidized lipids. As for samples from non-AD individuals, those without amyloid plaques show a lower level of lipid oxidation than AD individuals. However, it is known that plaques can be detected in the brains of some non-AD individuals. Our results show that, in such cases, the lipid in the plaques and their surroundings display oxidation levels that are similar to those of tissues with no plaques. These results point to lipid oxidation as a possible key factor in the path that goes from showing the typical neurophatological hallmarks to suffering from dementia. In this process, the oxidative power of the amyloid peptide, possibly in the form of nonfibrillar aggregates, could play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Benseny-Cases
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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24
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Turker S, Severcan M, Ilbay G, Severcan F. Epileptic seizures induce structural and functional alterations on brain tissue membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:3088-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Pushie MJ, Pickering I, Korbas M, Hackett MJ, George GN. Elemental and chemically specific X-ray fluorescence imaging of biological systems. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8499-541. [PMID: 25102317 PMCID: PMC4160287 DOI: 10.1021/cr4007297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Jake Pushie
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Ingrid
J. Pickering
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology
Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Canadian
Light Source Inc., 44
Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University
of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology
Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
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26
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Staniszewska E, Malek K, Baranska M. Rapid approach to analyze biochemical variation in rat organs by ATR FTIR spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 118:981-986. [PMID: 24161861 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ATR FTIR spectra were collected from rat tissue homogenates (myocardium, brain, liver, lung, intestine, and kidney) to analyze their biochemical content. Based on the second derivative of an average spectral profile it was possible to assign bands e.g. to triglycerides and cholesterol esters, proteins, phosphate macromolecules (DNA, RNA, phospholipids, phosphorylated proteins) and others (glycogen, lactate). Peaks in the region of 1600-1700 cm(-1) related to amide I mode revealed the secondary structure of proteins. The collected spectra do not characterize morphological structure of the investigated tissues but show their different composition. The comparison of spectral information gathered from FTIR spectra of the homogenates and those obtained previously from FTIR imaging of the tissue sections implicates that the presented here approach can be successfully employed in the investigations of biochemical variation in animal tissues. Moreover, it can be used in the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies to correlate the overall biochemical status of the tissue with the pathological changes it has undergone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Staniszewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
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27
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Hackett MJ, Borondics F, Brown D, Hirschmugl C, Smith SE, Paterson PG, Nichol H, Pickering IJ, George GN. Subcellular biochemical investigation of purkinje neurons using synchrotron radiation fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging with a focal plane array detector. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1071-80. [PMID: 23638613 DOI: 10.1021/cn4000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupling Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with focal plane array detectors at synchrotron radiation sources (SR-FTIR-FPA) has provided a rapid method to simultaneously image numerous biochemical markers in situ at diffraction limited resolution. Since cells and nuclei are well resolved at this spatial resolution, a direct comparison can be made between FTIR functional group images and the histology of the same section. To allow histological analysis of the same section analyzed with infrared imaging, unfixed air-dried tissue sections are typically fixed (after infrared spectroscopic analysis is completed) via immersion fixation. This post fixation process is essential to allow histological staining of the tissue section. Although immersion fixation is a common practice in this filed, the initial rehydration of the dehydrated unfixed tissue can result in distortion of subcellular morphology and confound correlation between infrared images and histology. In this study, vapor fixation, a common choice in other research fields where postfixation of unfixed tissue sections is required, was employed in place of immersion fixation post spectroscopic analysis. This method provided more accurate histology with reduced distortions as the dehydrated tissue section is fixed in vapor rather than during rehydration in an aqueous fixation medium. With this approach, accurate correlation between infrared images and histology of the same section revealed that Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum are rich in cytosolic proteins and not depleted as once thought. In addition, we provide the first direct evidence of intracellular lactate within Purkinje neurons. This highlights the significant potential for future applications of SR-FTIR-FPA imaging to investigate cellular lactate under conditions of altered metabolic demand such as increased brain activity and hypoxia or ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N5E2, Canada
| | | | - Devin Brown
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N5E5, Canada
| | - Carol Hirschmugl
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Shari E. Smith
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewn S7N5C9, Canada
| | - Phyllis G. Paterson
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewn S7N5C9, Canada
| | - Helen Nichol
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N5E2, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N5E2, Canada
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28
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Sandt C, Frederick J, Dumas P. Profiling pluripotent stem cells and organelles using synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:60-72. [PMID: 23125135 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
FTIR micro-spectroscopy is a sensitive, non-destructive and label-free method offering diffraction-limited resolution with high signal-to-noise ratios when combined with a synchrotron radiation source. The vibrational signature of individual cells was used to validate an alternative strategy for reprogramming induced pluripotent stem cells generated from amniocytes. The iPSC lines PB09 and PB10, were reprogrammed from the same amniocyte cell line using respectively the Oct54, Sox2, Lin28, and Nanog and the Oct4 and Sox2 transcription factor cocktail. We show that cells reprogrammed by the two different sets of transfection factors have similar spectral signatures after reprogramming, except for a small subpopulation of cells in one of the cell lines. Mapping HeLa cells at subcellular resolution, we show that the Golgi apparatus, the cytoplasm and the nucleus have a specific spectral signature. The CH(3):CH(2) ratio is the highest in the nucleus and the lowest in the Golgi apparatus/endoplasmic reticulum, in agreement with the membrane composition of these organelles. This is confirmed by specific staining of the organelles with fluorescent dyes. Subcellular differentiation of cell compartments is also demonstrated in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Sandt
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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29
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Liu J, Qi Z, Huang Q, Wei X, Ke Z, Fang Y, Tian Y, Yu Z. Study of energetic-particle-irradiation induced biological effect on Rhizopus oryzae through synchrotron-FTIR micro-spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Hackett MJ, Lee J, El-Assaad F, McQuillan JA, Carter EA, Grau GE, Hunt NH, Lay PA. FTIR imaging of brain tissue reveals crystalline creatine deposits are an ex vivo marker of localized ischemia during murine cerebral malaria: general implications for disease neurochemistry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012; 3:1017-24. [PMID: 23259037 DOI: 10.1021/cn300093g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphocreatine is a major cellular source of high energy phosphates, which is crucial to maintain cell viability under conditions of impaired metabolic states, such as decreased oxygen and energy availability (i.e., ischemia). Many methods exist for the bulk analysis of phosphocreatine and its dephosphorylated product creatine; however, no method exists to image the distribution of creatine or phosphocreatine at the cellular level. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has revealed the ex vivo development of creatine microdeposits in situ in the brain region most affected by the disease, the cerebellum of cerebral malaria (CM) diseased mice; however, such deposits were also observed at significantly lower levels in the brains of control mice and mice with severe malaria. In addition, the number of deposits was observed to increase in a time-dependent manner during dehydration post tissue cutting. This challenges the hypotheses in recent reports of FTIR spectroscopic imaging where creatine microdeposits found in situ within thin sections from epileptic, Alzheimer's (AD), and amlyoid lateral sclerosis (ALS) diseased brains were proposed to be disease specific markers and/or postulated to contribute to the brain pathogenesis. As such, a detailed investigation was undertaken, which has established that the creatine microdeposits exist as the highly soluble HCl salt or zwitterion and are an ex-vivo tissue processing artifact and, hence, have no effect on disease pathogenesis. They occur as a result of creatine crystallization during dehydration (i.e., air-drying) of thin sections of brain tissue. As ischemia and decreased aerobic (oxidative metabolism) are common to many brain disorders, regions of elevated creatine-to-phosphocreatine ratio are likely to promote crystal formation during tissue dehydration (due to the lower water solubility of creatine relative to phosphocreatine). The results of this study have demonstrated that although the deposits do not occur in vivo, and do not directly play any role in disease pathogenesis, increased levels of creatine deposits within air-dried tissue sections serve as a highly valuable marker for the identification of tissue regions with an altered metabolic status. In this study, the location of crystalline creatine deposits were used to identify whether an altered metabolic state exists within the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellum during CM, which complements the recent discovery of decreased oxygen availability in the brain during this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joonsup Lee
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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31
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Sharma M, Crosbie JC, Puskar L, Rogers PAW. Microbeam-irradiated tumour tissue possesses a different infrared absorbance profile compared to broad beam and sham-irradiated tissue. Int J Radiat Biol 2012; 89:79-87. [PMID: 22892032 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2012.721052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate biochemical changes in mouse tumour tissue following Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) and Broad Beam (BB) irradiation using synchrotron Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy was carried out on mouse tumour sections previously irradiated with BB (11, 22 or 44 Gy), MRT (560 Gy in-beam, 25 μm wide, 200 μm peak separation) or sham-irradiation (0 Gy) from mice culled 4 hours post-irradiation. RESULTS MRT and BB-irradiated tumour sections showed clear chemical shifts in spectral bands corresponding to functional group vibrations in protein (1654-1630 cm(-1)), lipid (~1470, 1463 cm(-1)) and nucleic acid (1130-1050 cm(-1)). MRT peak and valley regions showed virtually identical absorbance patterns in protein and lipid regions. However, we observed chemical shifts corresponding to the nucleic acid region (1120-1050 cm(-1)) between the peak and valley dose regions. Chemical maps produced from integrating absorbance bands of interest over the scanned tumour area did not reveal any microbeam paths. CONCLUSIONS The lack of difference between MRT peak and valley irradiated areas suggests a holistic tissue response to MRT that occurs within 4 h, and might be the first evidence for a mechanism by which MRT kills the whole tumour despite only a small percentage receiving peak irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sharma
- University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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32
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Quercetin protects against cadmium-induced biochemical and structural changes in rat liver revealed by FT-IR spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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33
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Biological applications of synchrotron radiation infrared spectromicroscopy. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1390-404. [PMID: 22401782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Extremely brilliant infrared (IR) beams provided by synchrotron radiation sources are now routinely used in many facilities with available commercial spectrometers coupled to IR microscopes. Using these intense non-thermal sources, a brilliance two or three order of magnitude higher than a conventional source is achievable through small pinholes (<10 μm) with a high signal to-noise ratio. IR spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate biological systems and offers many new imaging opportunities. The field of infrared biological imaging covers a wide range of fundamental issues and applied researches such as cell imaging or tissue imaging. Molecular maps with a spatial resolution down to the diffraction limit may be now obtained with a synchrotron radiation IR source also on thick samples. Moreover, changes of the protein structure are detectable in an IR spectrum and cellular molecular markers can be identified and used to recognize a pathological status of a tissue. Molecular structure and functions are strongly correlated and this aspect is particularly relevant for imaging. We will show that the brilliance of synchrotron radiation IR sources may enhance the sensitivity of a molecular signal obtained from small biosamples, e.g., a single cell, containing extremely small amounts of organic matter. We will also show that SR IR sources allow to study chemical composition and to identify the distribution of organic molecules in cells at submicron resolution is possible with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the recent availability of two-dimensional IR detectors promises to push forward imaging capabilities in the time domain. Indeed, with a high current synchrotron radiation facility and a Focal Plane Array the chemical imaging of individual cells can be obtained in a few minutes. Within this framework important results are expected in the next years using synchrotron radiation and Free Electron Laser (FEL) sources for spectro-microscopy and spectral-imaging, alone or in combination with Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy methods to study the molecular composition and dynamic changes in samples of biomedical interest at micrometric and submicrometric scales, respectively.
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34
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Synchrotron FTIR Microspectroscopy Study of the Striatum in 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/176937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, synchrotron-based Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy is used to analyze the biochemical composition of the striatal neurons in normal and Parkinson's disease (PD) rat brain tissues. The rat model of Parkinson's disease is established by destroying the nigrostriatal pathway with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The detailed spectral analyses show the significant changes of cellular compositions such as lipids, and proteins in the striatal neurons of 6-OHDA-lesioned PD rats with respect to control neurons. As a result, the intensities of spectral absorption assigned to lipid of the striatal neurons in PD rats are higher than in control animals. Furthermore, the unsaturation levels of phospholipids decrease in PD neurons with respect to control neurons, indicating a high level of lipid peroxidation. The analysis of protein secondary structure shows the significantly higher ratio ofβ-sheet in PD neurons compared to that of control neurons, suggesting that the abnormal protein structure occurs before their morphological appearances in the striatal neurons. These findings suggest that the biochemical changes in neurons could be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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35
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Synchrotron radiation Fourier-transform infrared and Raman microspectroscopy study showing an increased frequency of creatine inclusions in the rat hippocampal formation following pilocarpine-induced seizures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:2267-74. [PMID: 22038587 PMCID: PMC3281206 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, synchrotron radiation Fourier-transform infrared (SRFTIR) and Raman microspectroscopies were used to evaluate a possible role of creatine in the pathogenesis and progress of pilocarpine-evoked seizures and seizure-induced neurodegenerative changes in the rat hippocampal tissue. The main goal of this study was to identify creatine deposits within the examined brain area, to analyze their frequency in epileptic animals and naive controls and to examine correlations between the number of inclusions in the hippocampal formation of epileptic rats and the quantitative parameters describing animal behavior during 6-h observation period after pilocarpine injection. The presence of creatine in the brain tissue was confirmed based on the vibrational bands specific for this compound in the infrared and Raman spectra. These were the bands occurring at the wavenumbers around 2800, 1621, 1398, and 1304 cm(-1) in IR spectra and around 1056, 908 and 834 cm(-1) in the Raman spectra. Creatine was detected in eight of ten analyzed epileptic samples and in only one of six controls under the study. The number of deposits in epileptic animals varied from 1 to 100 and a relative majority of inclusions were detected in the area of the Dentate Gyrus and in the multiform hippocampal layer. Moreover, the number of creatine inclusions was positively correlated with the total time of seizure activity.
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