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Duffy A, Connolly M, Browne F. Older people's experiences of elder abuse in residential care settings: A scoping review. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:2214-2227. [PMID: 38041574 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse is a global human rights issue, particularly in residential care settings where there is limited understanding of older people's experiences of this phenomenon. This scoping review aims to map and describe the existing literature on this phenomenon. METHODS Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology, further developed by Levac et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute, a systematic search of six databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published from inception to January 2023. Studies were included if they focused on older people's experience of abuse within residential care settings. A comprehensive data extraction process was employed to identify key themes from the included studies. RESULTS The initial search yielded a total of 3701 articles of which eight met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed a range of abusive experiences encountered by older people living in residential care settings, including psychological, physical, financial, neglect and sexual abuse. The common attributes of residents vulnerable to abuse were evident throughout each of the studies. Finally, the theme of organizational neglect was apparent through the absence of effective safeguarding measures in the included studies. The findings revealed the insufficient implementation of safeguarding measures increases the risk of abuse among residents. CONCLUSION This scoping review highlights the limited research on the experiences of older people who have encountered elder abuse in residential care settings. The findings stress the need for further research exploring the complex interplay of factors contributing to elder abuse within aged care settings. The insights gained from this scoping review can inform the development of comprehensive safeguarding strategies to prevent and address elder abuse in residential care settings, promoting the well-being and safety of older people. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This project is a scoping review of the literature; therefore, no patient or public contribution was deemed necessary. WHAT THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTES TO THE WIDER GLOBAL COMMUNITY Most research on elder abuse has been conducted in the community rather than in Residential Care Settings where there is a limited understanding of older people's experiences of abuse within the published literature. The scoping review highlights the presence of inadequate safeguarding strategies in Residential Care Settings within the reviewed studies, providing recommendations for developing and improving safeguarding measures in Residential Care Settings to prevent abuse, neglect, and harm in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Duffy
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Our Lady's Hospice & Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Our Lady's Hospice & Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Freda Browne
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Clyne B, Sharp MK, O' Neill M, Pollock D, Lynch R, Amog K, Ryan M, Smith SM, Mahtani K, Booth A, Godfrey C, Munn Z, Tricco AC. An international modified Delphi process supported updating the web-based "right review" tool. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 170:111333. [PMID: 38522755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The proliferation of evidence synthesis methods makes it challenging for reviewers to select the ''right'' method. This study aimed to update the Right Review tool (a web-based decision support tool that guides users through a series of questions for recommending evidence synthesis methods) and establish a common set of questions for the synthesis of both quantitative and qualitative studies (https://rightreview.knowledgetranslation.net/). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A 2-round modified international electronic modified Delphi was conducted (2022) with researchers, health-care providers, patients, and policy makers. Panel members rated the importance/clarity of the Right Review tool's guiding questions, evidence synthesis type definitions and tool output. High agreement was defined as at least 70% agreement. Any items not reaching high agreement after round 2 were discussed by the international Project Steering Group. RESULTS Twenty-four experts from 9 countries completed round 1, with 12 completing round 2. Of the 46 items presented in round 1, 21 reached high agreement. Twenty-seven items were presented in round 2, with 8 reaching high agreement. The Project Steering Group discussed items not reaching high agreement, including 8 guiding questions, 9 review definitions (predominantly related to qualitative synthesis), and 2 output items. Three items were removed entirely and the remaining 16 revised and edited and/or combined with existing items. The final tool comprises 42 items; 9 guiding questions, 25 evidence synthesis definitions and approaches, and 8 tool outputs. CONCLUSION The freely accessible Right Review tool supports choosing an appropriate review method. The design and clarity of this tool was enhanced by harnessing the Delphi technique to shape ongoing development. The updated tool is expected to be available in Quarter 1, 2025.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Clyne
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Melissa K Sharp
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Danielle Pollock
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Krystle Amog
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mairin Ryan
- Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan M Smith
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kamal Mahtani
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Booth
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Christina Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Munn
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Epidemiology Division and Institute for Health, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Pollock DK, Khalil H, Evans C, Godfrey C, Pieper D, Alexander L, Tricco AC, McInerney P, Peters MDJ, Klugar M, Falavigna M, Stein AT, Qaseem A, de Moraes EB, Saran A, Ding S, Barker TH, Florez ID, Jia RM, Munn Z. The role of scoping reviews in guideline development. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 169:111301. [PMID: 38423402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Kelly Pollock
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Hanan Khalil
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catrin Evans
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christina Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Institute for Health Services and Health System Research, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Brandenburg, Germany; Center for Health Services Research Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- Scottish Centre for Evidence-Based, Multi-Professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Aberdeen, Scotland; School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia McInerney
- The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Micah D J Peters
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (Federal Office), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech Republic: a JBI Centre of Excellence, Czech GRADE Network, Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackého náměstí 4, 128 01 Prague 2, Prague, Czech Republic; Center of Evidence-Based Education and Arts Therapies: A JBI Affiliated Group, Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Education, Olomouc, Olomoucký, Czech Republic
| | - Maicon Falavigna
- National Institute for Health Technology Assessment, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Amir Qaseem
- American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erica Brandão de Moraes
- Department of Nursing Fundamentals and Administration, Nursing School, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; The Brazilian Centre of Evidence-Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ashrita Saran
- Global Development Network, New Delhi, India; The Campbell and Cochrane Equity Methods Group, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandrine Ding
- Department of Radiologic Medical Imaging Technology, HESAV School of Health Sciences (HESAV), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland; Bureau d'Echange des Savoirs pour des praTiques exemplaires de soins (BEST): A JBI Centre of Excellence, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Hugh Barker
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ivan D Florez
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia; School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Clinica Las Americas-AUNA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Romy Menghao Jia
- JBI, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zachary Munn
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Elhamouly Y, Adham MM, Dowidar KML, El Backly RM. Outcome assessment methods of bioactive and biodegradable materials as pulpotomy agents in primary and permanent teeth: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:496. [PMID: 38678210 PMCID: PMC11055312 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulpotomy procedures aiming to preserve and regenerate the dentin-pulp complex have recently increased exponentially due to developments in the field of biomaterials and tissue engineering in primary and permanent teeth. Although the number of studies in this domain has increased, there is still scarcity of evidence in the current literature. OBJECTIVES (1) Report the methods of outcome assessment of pulpotomy clinical trials in both primary and permanent teeth; (2) Identify the various bioactive agents and biodegradable scaffolds used in pulpotomy clinical trials in both primary and permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scoping review of the literature was performed, including a search of primary studies on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest and Clinicaltrials.gov. A search for controlled trials or randomized controlled trials published between 2012 and 2023 involving primary or permanent teeth receiving partial or full pulpotomy procedures using bioactive/regenerative capping materials was performed. RESULTS 127 studies out of 1038 articles fulfilled all the inclusion criteria and were included in the current scoping review. More than 90% of the studies assessed clinical and radiographic outcomes. Histological, microbiological, or inflammatory outcomes were measured in only 9.4% of all included studies. Majority of the studies (67.7%) involved primary teeth. 119 studies used non-degradable bioactive cements, while biodegradable scaffolds were used by 32 studies, natural derivates and plant extracts studies were used in only 7 studies. Between 2012 (4 studies) and 2023 (11 studies), there was a general increase in the number of articles published. India, Egypt, Turkey, and Iran were found to have the highest total number of articles published (28, 28,16 and 10 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Pulpotomy studies in both primary and permanent teeth relied mainly on subjective clinical and radiographic outcome assessment methods and seldom analyzed pulpal inflammatory status objectively. The use of biodegradable scaffolds for pulpotomy treatments has been increasing with an apparent global distribution of most of these studies in low- to middle-income countries. However, the development of a set of predictable outcome measures as well as long-term evidence from well conducted clinical trials for novel pulpotomy dressing materials are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Elhamouly
- Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Canal El Mahmoudia St., Smouha, Alexandria, 21648, Egypt.
| | - May M Adham
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St., Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Karin M L Dowidar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St., Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department and Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St., Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
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Koivunen K, Kaakinen P, Päätalo K, Mattila O, Oikarinen A, Jansson M, Mikkonen K, Pölkki T, Meriläinen M, Kääriäinen M, Holopainen A, Tuomikoski AM, Kanste O. Frontline nurse leaders' competences in evidence-based healthcare: A scoping review. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:1314-1334. [PMID: 38041585 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify evidence on frontline nurse leaders' competences in evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) and the instruments measuring these competences. DESIGN A scoping review. DATA SOURCES The search was conducted in June 2021 and complemented in June 2022. The CINAHL, ProQuest, Medline (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science databases and MedNar along with the Finnish database Medic were searched. REVIEW METHOD The scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs institute methodology for scoping reviews. Titles, abstracts and full-text versions were screened independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion criteria. Deductive-inductive content analysis was used to synthesize data. RESULTS A total of 3211 articles published between 1997 and 2022 were screened, which resulted in the inclusion of 16 articles. Although frontline nurse leaders had a positive attitude towards EBHC, they had a lack of implementing EBHC competence into practice. Part of the instruments were used in the studies, and only one focused especially on leaders. None of instruments systematically covered all segments of EBHC. CONCLUSION There is a limited understanding of frontline nurse leaders' competence in EBHC. It is important to understand the importance of EBHC in healthcare and invest in the development of its competence at all levels of leaders. Frontline nurse leaders' support is essential for direct care nurses to use EBHC to ensure the quality of care and benefits to patients. Leaders must enhance their own EBHC competence to become role models for direct care nurses. It is also essential to develop valid and reliable instruments to measure leaders' competence covering all EBHC segments. The results can be utilized in the assessment and development of frontline nurse leaders' EBHC competence by planning and producing education and other competence development methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Koivunen
- University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Kaakinen
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kati Päätalo
- University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Mattila
- Lapland University of Applied Sciences, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Anne Oikarinen
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miia Jansson
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kristina Mikkonen
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Pölkki
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Meriläinen
- Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Centre (MRC), Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Holopainen
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Nursing Research Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna-Maria Tuomikoski
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Centre (MRC), Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kanste
- The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Garritty C, Hamel C, Trivella M, Gartlehner G, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Devane D, Kamel C, Griebler U, King VJ. Updated recommendations for the Cochrane rapid review methods guidance for rapid reviews of effectiveness. BMJ 2024; 384:e076335. [PMID: 38320771 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Garritty
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- Global Health and Guidelines Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Candyce Hamel
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- Canadian Association of Radiologists, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marialena Trivella
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Gerald Gartlehner
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Declan Devane
- Cochrane Ireland and Evidence Synthesis Ireland, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Chris Kamel
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ursula Griebler
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Valerie J King
- Center for Evidence-based Policy, Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
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Graham Bn Advanced Prac Cmhn N, Whitaker BSocWk Msw PhD L, Smith BSocSci Hons St Class PhD Oam G, Hurley Cmhn PhD J. Trauma-Informed Care in Acute Adult Public Mental Health Settings: A Scoping Study Examining Implementation. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024; 45:217-231. [PMID: 38466388 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2308543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Trauma-informed care (TIC) is not a new concept. Despite TIC being at the forefront of international acute public mental health services policy, and researched since 2006, implementation has been hampered. This paper reports findings from a scoping study examining clinical and lived experience workers experience of TIC in Acute Adult Public Mental Health Services. In this scoping study five databases and grey literature were scanned in 2021 and updated in 2023, to address the question: What is known about TIC concerning the clinical and mental health lived experience workforce in the acute adult public mental health service? Forty-six papers met the inclusion criteria. Analysis revealed commitment in conceptualisation of TIC in mental health policy, requirements for incorporating TIC in acute adult mental health care, and barriers to implementation, including dissonance towards role expectations. The literature calls for investment in implementing TIC, which includes an increased workforce consisting of mental health lived experience workers, clinical staff with TIC knowledge and skills, and specialist TIC experts. Further research is needed to understand more fully the opportunities and barriers to implementing TIC in acute public mental health settings.
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Beauchesne R, Birch P, Elliott AM. Genetic counselling resources in non-english languages: A scoping review. PEC INNOVATION 2023; 2:100135. [PMID: 37214519 PMCID: PMC10194398 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Genetic counselling is essential for individuals seeking genetic or genomic testing. Whereas innovative strategies for GC delivery are being explored to meet the growing demand on the clinical genetics workforce, it is essential to consider the unique needs of culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Methods We conducted a scoping review to examine the extent, range, and gaps in the body of non-English, patient-facing educational resources available for Limited English Proficient (LEP) patients accessing clinical genetics and genomics services. Results The literature search returned 246 unique resources, most available in several languages. Forty-six languages were represented, with Spanish, Russian, and French being the most common. Resources were in various formats and were of varying quality. Conclusions There is a lack of high-quality supplementary genetics education material available in languages other than English, which limits the quality-of-care that LEP families may receive compared to their English-speaking counterparts. Of equal concern is the difficulty in finding existing resources and in determining their quality. Innovation This research highlights the important need for genetics education material that is of good quality in languages other than English and the challenges associated with identifying this material. A central, curated repository, perhaps sponsored by a genetic counselling organization, would be of great benefit to help genetic counsellors meet the needs of their culturally and linguistically diverse patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Beauchesne
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Patricia Birch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - GenCOUNSEL Study
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Veroniki AA, Franco JVA. Exploring advanced methods for network meta-analysis. BMJ Evid Based Med 2023; 28:285-286. [PMID: 37495271 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Areti Angeliki Veroniki
- Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tsandila-Kalakou F, Wiig S, Aase K. Factors contributing to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity with hospital standardization: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:799. [PMID: 37496014 PMCID: PMC10369840 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain factors contribute to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacities towards risks, challenges, and changes such as attitudes, stress, motivation, cognitive capacity, group norms, and teamwork. However, there is limited evidence as to factors that contribute to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity towards hospital standardization. This scoping review aimed to identify and map the factors contributing to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity with hospital standardization. METHODS Scoping review methodology was used. We searched six academic databases to September 2021 for peer-reviewed articles in English. We also reviewed grey literature sources and the reference lists of included studies. Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if they focused on factors influencing how healthcare professionals adapted towards hospital standardization such as guidelines, procedures, and strategies linked to clinical practice. Two researchers conducted a three-stage screening process and extracted data on study characteristics, hospital standardization practices and factors contributing to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity. Study quality was not assessed. RESULTS A total of 57 studies were included. Factors contributing to healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity were identified in numerous standardization practices ranging from hand hygiene and personal protective equipment to clinical guidelines or protocols on for example asthma, pneumonia, antimicrobial prophylaxis, or cancer. The factors were grouped in eight categories: (1) psychological and emotional, (2) cognitive, (3) motivational, (4) knowledge and experience, (5) professional role, (6) risk management, (7) patient and family, and (8) work relationships. This combination of individual and group/social factors decided whether healthcare professionals complied with or adapted hospital standardization efforts. Contextual factors were identified related to guideline system, cultural norms, leadership support, physical environment, time, and workload. CONCLUSION The literature on healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity towards hospital standardization is varied and reflect different reasons for compliance or non-compliance to rules, guidelines, and protocols. The knowledge of individual and group/social factors and the role of contextual factors should be used by hospitals to improve standardization practices through educational efforts, individualised training and motivational support. The influence of patient and family factors on healthcare professionals' adaptive capacity should be investigated. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/ev7az ) https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EV7AZ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Tsandila-Kalakou
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare SHARE, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Siri Wiig
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare SHARE, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Karina Aase
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare SHARE, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
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He W, Li M, Cao L, Liu R, You J, Jing F, Zhang J, Zhang W, Feng M. Introducing value-based healthcare perspectives into hospital performance assessment: A scoping review. J Evid Based Med 2023. [PMID: 37228246 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Value-based healthcare (VBHC) puts patient outcomes at the center of the healthcare process while optimizing the use of hospital resources across multiple stakeholders. This scoping review was conducted to summarize how VBHC had been represented in theory and in practice, how it had been applied to assess hospital performance, and how well it had been ultimately implemented. METHODS For this review, we followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol and searched five major online databases for articles published between January 2006 and July 2022. We included original articles that used the concept of VBHC to conduct performance assessments of healthcare organizations. We extracted and analyzed key concepts and information on the dimensions of VBHC, specific strategies and methods for using VBHC in performance assessment, and the effectiveness of the assessment. RESULTS We identified 48 eligible studies from 7866 articles. Nineteen nonempirical studies focused on the development of a VBHC performance assessment indicator system, and 29 empirical studies reported on the ways and points of introducing VBHC into performance assessment and its effectiveness. Ultimately, we summarized the key dimensions, processes, and effects of performance assessment after introducing VBHC. CONCLUSION Current healthcare performance assessment has begun to focus on implementing VBHC as an integrated strategy, and future work should further clarify the reliability of metrics and their association with evaluation outcomes and consider the effective integration of clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo He
- Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meixuan Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Liujiao Cao
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong You
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyuan Jing
- Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengling Feng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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12
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de Klerk S. Assessment of structural and cross-cultural validity of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire: a scoping review. HAND THERAPY 2023; 28:3-15. [PMID: 37904812 PMCID: PMC10584070 DOI: 10.1177/17589983221140433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) that has been translated and cross-culturally adapted to at least 50 languages. Since the measure was developed in 1996, many researchers have reported on the construct validity (including structural and cross-cultural validity) of this instrument following translation and cross-cultural adaptation. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the methods used for the psychometric evaluation of structural and cross-cultural validity of the DASH questionnaire. Methods The updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews and the PRISMA Extension for scoping reviews checklist was utilised. EBSCOHost (Academic Search Premier, Africa Wide, CINAHL, E-Journals and Medline), PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles (published between 1996-2022) and considered against the eligibility criteria. Results The scoping review collated evidence across 50 articles (37 language versions) of the evaluation of structural and cross-cultural validity of the DASH questionnaire. Three articles conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess structural validity, and none performed Multiple Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) to assess cross-cultural validity. Conclusion The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) taxonomy propose that structural validity is best evaluated through CFA, with prior evidence of dimensionality. Additionally, cross-cultural validity (measurement invariance) is to be evaluated through MGCFA. This review identified that CFA is utilised infrequently and that to date cross-cultural validity has not been appropriately assessed for translations of the DASH questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan de Klerk
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Bougioukas KI, Pamporis K, Vounzoulaki E, Karagiannis T, Haidich AB. Types and associated methodologies of overviews of reviews in health care: a methodological study with published examples. J Clin Epidemiol 2023; 153:13-25. [PMID: 36351511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a descriptive insight into the different types of research questions/objectives and associated methodologies of overviews of reviews, supplemented by representative examples from the health care literature. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We searched in methodological articles for information on types and methodologies used in overviews and we explored the typology of reviews to identify similar types in literature of overviews. We categorized the types of overviews based on the research question/objective and the methodological approach used. Indicative examples for each category were selected from a sample of 2,121 overviews that were retrieved between 2000 and 2022 from MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. RESULTS Based on type of research question, overviews were classified as overviews of reviews of interventions, associations, prediction, diagnostic accuracy, prevalence/incidence, experiences/views, economic evaluation, and measurement properties. Based on the methodological approach, we identified a variety of methods (systematic, living, rapid, scoping, evidence mapping, framework, and methodological) used in overviews. CONCLUSION The proposed classification and examples provide an essential starting point for future theory-building research on typologies and study designs of overviews of reviews. It is important for methodologists to make vigorous effort to create consensus-based methodological and reporting guidelines to cover these diverse types and key methodological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos I Bougioukas
- Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Pamporis
- Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elpida Vounzoulaki
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Thomas Karagiannis
- Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Diabetes Centre, Second Medical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna-Bettina Haidich
- Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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14
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Valk-Draad MP, Bohnet-Joschko S. Nursing Home-Sensitive Hospitalizations and the Relevance of Telemedicine: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12944. [PMID: 36232255 PMCID: PMC9566431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aging of society is increasing the number of hospitalizations of nursing home residents. Telemedicine might help reduce the frequency of these potentially risk-associated hospitalizations. This scoping review looked for evidence of a change in the rate of hospitalization and, if mentioned, any cost savings and/or staff acceptance of the use of telemedicine in a nursing home setting. To identify available evidence, the electronic databases PubMed, Livivo, EBSCO and JSTOR were searched (without time or regional constraints) for comparative primary research studies on this topic in peer-reviewed journals. A total of 1127 articles were retrieved and 923 titles and abstracts were screened, with 16 studies published between 2001 and 2022 being included. Telemedicine consultation reduced the hospitalization of nursing home residents in 14/16 and care costs in 8/11 articles. Staff satisfaction was mentioned positively in five studies. Most studies used telemedicine involving medical diagnostic technologies (10), (electronic) health records (9), specialists (9) and specialized nursing staff (11). Few studies had a higher level of evidence: only one randomized clinical trial was included. There is the need for high credibility studies, using guidelines on protocol and reporting, to better understand the hindering and facilitating factors of telemedicine provision in the healthcare of nursing home residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Valk-Draad
- Chair of Health Care Management and Innovation, Faculty of Management, Economics, and Society, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448 Witten, Germany
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15
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Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Protocol for A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101327. [PMID: 36291263 PMCID: PMC9599430 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening condition associated with high mortality and substantial long-term morbidity. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is a new pathogen that causes a disease with variable clinical manifestations. Although the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with hypercoagulopathy, patients may also present with cerebral hemorrhage, including SAH. The present paper reports a protocol for a scoping review that is aimed to provide a comprehensive report on existing literature by examining data on SAH associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our objective is to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging features of SAH in patients with COVID-19 and to explore the etiology and possible interventions in this pathology. Using appropriate search terms, we will search LitCOVID, the WHO database on COVID-19, and MedRxiv. The inclusion criteria are pre-defined. We will extract the data of eligible studies in standardized forms and will report the results in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We will provide information for clinicians, healthcare providers, and public health specialists.
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16
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Hurley J, Lakeman R, Linsley P, Ramsay M, Mckenna-Lawson S. Utilizing the mental health nursing workforce: A scoping review of mental health nursing clinical roles and identities. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:796-822. [PMID: 35156291 PMCID: PMC9303738 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite rising international needs for mental health practitioners, the mental health nursing workforce is underutilized. This is in part due to limited understandings of their roles, identities, and capabilities. This paper aimed to collate and synthesize published research on the clinical roles of mental health nurses in order to systematically clarify their professional identity and potential. We searched for eligible studies, published between 2001 and 2021, in five electronic databases. Abstracts of retrieved studies were independently screened against exclusion and inclusion criteria (primarily that studies reported on the outcomes associated with mental health nursing roles). Decisions of whether to include studies were through researcher consensus guided by the criteria. The search yielded 324 records, of which 47 were included. Retained papers primarily focused on three themes related to mental health nursing clinical roles and capabilities. Technical roles included those associated with psychotherapy, consumer safety, and diagnosis. Non-technical roles and capabilities were also described. These included emotional intelligence, advanced communication, and reduction of power differentials. Thirdly, the retained papers reported the generative contexts that influenced clinical roles. These included prolonged proximity with consumers with tensions between therapeutic and custodial roles. The results of this scoping review suggest the mental health nurses (MHNs) have a wide scope of technical skills which they employ in clinical practice. These roles are informed by a distinctive cluster of non-technical capabilities to promote the well-being of service users. They are an adaptable and underutilized component of the mental health workforce in a context of escalating unmet needs for expert mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hurley
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Lakeman
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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King VJ, Stevens A, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Kamel C, Garritty C. Paper 2: Performing rapid reviews. Syst Rev 2022; 11:151. [PMID: 35906677 PMCID: PMC9338520 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health policy-makers must often make decisions in compressed time frames and with limited resources. Hence, rapid reviews have become a pragmatic alternative to comprehensive systematic reviews. However, it is important that rapid review methods remain rigorous to support good policy development and decisions. There is currently little evidence about which streamlined steps in a rapid review are less likely to introduce unacceptable levels of uncertainty while still producing a product that remains useful to policy-makers. METHODS This paper summarizes current research describing commonly used methods and practices that are used to conduct rapid reviews and presents key considerations and options to guide methodological choices for a rapid review. RESULTS The most important step for a rapid review is for an experienced research team to have early and ongoing engagement with the people who have requested the review. A clear research protocol, derived from a needs assessment conducted with the requester, serves to focus the review, defines the scope of the rapid review, and guides all subsequent steps. Common recommendations for rapid review methods include tailoring the literature search in terms of databases, dates, and languages. Researchers can consider using a staged search to locate high-quality systematic reviews and then subsequently published primary studies. The approaches used for study screening and selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment should be tailored to the topic, researcher experience, and available resources. Many rapid reviews use a single reviewer for study selection, risk-of-bias assessment, or data abstraction, sometimes with partial or full verification by a second reviewer. Rapid reviews usually use a descriptive synthesis method rather than quantitative meta-analysis. Use of brief report templates and standardized production methods helps to speed final report publication. CONCLUSIONS Researchers conducting rapid reviews need to make transparent methodological choices, informed by stakeholder input, to ensure that rapid reviews meet their intended purpose. Transparency is critical because it is unclear how or how much streamlined methods can bias the conclusions of reviews. There are not yet internationally accepted standards for conducting or reporting rapid reviews. Thus, this article proposes interim guidance for researchers who are increasingly employing these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J. King
- The Center for Evidence-Based Policy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97201 USA
| | - Adrienne Stevens
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Unit Head, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Chris Kamel
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chantelle Garritty
- Global Health & Guidelines Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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18
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Kakemam E, Arab-Zozani M, Raeissi P, Albelbeisi AH. The occurrence, types, reasons, and mitigation strategies of defensive medicine among physicians: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:800. [PMID: 35725449 PMCID: PMC9210603 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Defensive Medicine (DM) concept refers to all medical care provided by physicians without increasing the benefits to the patient, the primary purpose of which is to prevent the risk of litigation. Although several studies have been published investigating the occurrence of DM around the world, no review conducted on DM among physicians. Therefore, this study aims to summarize and map the available evidence on occurrence, types of behaviors, and reasons for practicing of DM among physicians and possible solutions and strategies to reduce DM in the literature. Methods This is a scoping review in which we searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed in December 2021. Our target was original studies of any type that included data on DM among physicians between 2000 and 2021. We followed the JBI guideline for conducting a scoping review and for increasing the rigor of the study. First, the percentage was used to summarize the occurrence of DM, and then, findings related to types of behaviors and reasons for practicing DM and mitigation strategies were analyzed inductively in NVivo 10 in three stages. Results Twenty-seven studies were included in the review. The overall occurrence of DM practice ranged from 6.7 to 99.8%. Two types of DM behaviors including assurance and avoidance behaviors have been identified. The common reasons for practicing DM were categorized into four themes, patient-related reasons, physician-related reasons, organization-related reasons, and society-related reasons. The main strategies to prevent or reduce DM are structured training and education, restoring physician-patient relationships, reform of the health system, and reform of the liability system. Conclusions The vast majority of research studies were conducted in high-income countries, and studies are needed to measure this phenomenon and its consequences in depth in low- and middle-income countries. Various solutions and strategies are needed to reduce defensive behaviors such as structured training and education, restoring physician-patient relationships, reforming the health system, and reforming the liability system. Keywords Defensive medicine, Defensive practice, Medical malpractice, Physicians, Scoping review Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08194-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edris Kakemam
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Pouran Raeissi
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Schmidt S, Guerrero P, Albert C. Advancing Sustainable Development Goals with localised nature-based solutions: Opportunity spaces in the Lahn river landscape, Germany. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114696. [PMID: 35176566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nature-based solutions (NBS) are recognized as promising actions to alleviate societal challenges and achieve the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One scientific challenge to implement NBS in practice is to locate areas suitable for an effective implementation of NBS (opportunity spaces). Opportunity spaces either already host NBS that need to be safeguarded or restored, or provide the socio-ecological conditions for establishing new NBS. Complex methods have been proposed to model potential locations of selected NBS, but they are often too data and resource intensive to be applied in practice for landscape planning. The aim of this article is to put forward a pragmatic method for identifying NBS opportunity spaces that contribute to advance multiple SDGs, and to test its application in a participatory, extended peer-review process in the Lahn river landscape, Germany. Our method includes: (i) synthesizing a generic catalogue of NBS in river landscapes, (ii) estimating the potential of NBS to achieve simultaneously Lahn development goals (LDGs) and SDGs, and (iii) applying key spatial indicators and best available data to explore opportunity spaces for selected NBS. The generic catalogue provides a systematic overview of 650 individual NBS for river landscapes and their respective potentials for addressing LDGs and SDGs. The NBS Renaturalising floodplains through land use changes, Revitalising historic floodplains, and Creating buffer strips are those actions contributing to the greatest number of local SDGs (locally adapted SDGs that include LDGs). Results of the spatial analysis in the Lahn river landscape showed about 4739 ha of areas where NBS were already in place and need to be safeguarded and additional 1323 ha with opportunities for further NBS creation. The proposed method presents a robust and transferable approach that facilitates spatial mapping of NBS to local SDGs for planning practitioners facing time and resource constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmidt
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute of Geography, Universitätsstraße 150, 44805, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Paulina Guerrero
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute of Geography, Universitätsstraße 150, 44805, Bochum, Germany; Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Environmental Planning, Research Group PlanSmart, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Albert
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute of Geography, Universitätsstraße 150, 44805, Bochum, Germany
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20
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Ferreira GE, Zadro J, Liu C, Harris IA, Maher CG. Second opinions for spinal surgery: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:358. [PMID: 35300677 PMCID: PMC8932184 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second opinions have the goal of clarifying uncertainties around diagnosis or management, particularly when healthcare decisions are complex, unpleasant, and carry considerable risks. Second opinions might be particularly useful for people recommended surgery for their back pain as surgery has at best a limited role in the management of back pain. METHODS We conducted a scoping review. Two independent researchers screened PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL and CINAHL from inception to May 6th, 2021. Studies of any design published in any language were eligible provided they described a second opinion intervention for people with spinal pain (low back or neck pain with or without radicular pain) either considering surgery or to whom surgery had been recommended. We assessed the methodological quality with the Downs & Black scale. Outcomes were: i) characteristics of second opinion services for people considering or who have been recommended spinal surgery, ii) agreement between first and second opinions in terms of diagnoses, need for surgery and type of surgery, iii) whether they reduce surgery and improve patient outcomes; and iv) the costs and healthcare use associated with these services. Outcomes were presented descriptively. RESULTS We screened 6341 records, read 27 full-texts, and included 12 studies (all observational; 11 had poor methodological quality; one had fair). Studies described patient, doctor, and insurance-initiated second opinion services. Diagnostic agreement between first and second opinions varied from 53 to 96%. Agreement for need for surgery between first and second opinions ranged from 0 to 83%. Second opinion services may reduce surgery rates in the short-term, but it is unclear whether these reductions are sustained in the long-term or if patients only delay surgery. Second opinion services may reduce costs and healthcare use (e.g. imaging), but might increase others (e.g. injections). CONCLUSIONS Second opinion services typically recommend less surgical treatments compared to first opinions and may reduce surgery rates in the short-term, but it is unclear whether these reductions are sustained in the long-term or if patients only delay surgery. There is a need for high-quality randomised trials to determine the value of second opinion services for reducing spinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni E Ferreira
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown
- NSW
- , Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.
| | - Joshua Zadro
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown
- NSW
- , Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Chang Liu
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown
- NSW
- , Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Ian A Harris
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, Liverpool Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris G Maher
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown
- NSW
- , Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
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Movement Disorders Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Protocol for a Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11040923. [PMID: 35207194 PMCID: PMC8875450 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections are a significant cause of movement disorders. The clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection are variable, with up to one-third of patients developing neurologic complications, including movement disorders. This scoping review will lay out a comprehensive understanding of movement disorders induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aim to investigate the epidemiology, clinical and paraclinical features, interventions, and diagnostic challenges in patients with different types of movement disorders in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We will search three databases applying appropriate search terms. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are pre-defined; the data of eligible studies will be extracted in standardized forms. We will report the results following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We will present information for clinicians and other healthcare professionals, policymakers, and public health researchers. In addition, the results of the present review may assist in the development and confirmation of inclusion criteria and research questions for further systematic review or meta-analysis, with more precise, narrower questions.
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22
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Tricco AC, Zarin W, Clement F, Abou-Setta AM, Curran JA, LeBlanc A, Li LC, Godfrey C, Moffitt P, Moher D, Colquhoun H, Graham ID, Florez ID, Wilhelm L, Isaranuwatchaia W, Mann J, Hamilton M, Srinivasan V, Bornstein S, Straus SE. Introducing the Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR) Evidence Alliance: a partnership between researchers, patients and health system decision-makers to support rapid-learning and responsive health systems in Canada and beyond. Facets (Ott) 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the introductory paper in a collection of four papers on the Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) Evidence Alliance, a pan-Canadian research initiative that was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research in September of 2017. Here, we introduce the SPOR enterprise in Canada, provide a rationale for the creation of the SPOR Evidence Alliance, provide information on the mandate and approach, and describe how the SPOR Evidence Alliance adds to the health research ecosystem in Canada and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
- Queen’s Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 92 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Fiona Clement
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N6, Canada
| | - Ahmed M. Abou-Setta
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 367-753 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Janet A. Curran
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Annie LeBlanc
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, CIUSSS de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC G1J 0A4, Canada
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Linda C Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, 230 – 2238 Yukon Street, Vancouver, BC V5Y 3P2, Canada
| | - Christina Godfrey
- Queen’s Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 92 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Pertice Moffitt
- North Slave Research Centre, Aurora College, Bag 9700, 5004-54th St, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2R3, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Heather Colquhoun
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 500 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Ian D. Graham
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
- Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 711, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ivan D. Florez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
- School of Rehab Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
| | | | - Wanrudee Isaranuwatchaia
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Jackie Mann
- Askatchewan Centre for Patient-Oriented Research, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Marina Hamilton
- Maritime SPOR SUPPORT Unit, 5790 University Avenue, Halifax, NS B3H 1V7, Canada
| | - Vasanthi Srinivasan
- Ontario SPOR SUPPORT Unit, MaRS Centre, West Tower, 405-661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Stephen Bornstein
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Sharon E. Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
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Nóbrega MTC, Bastos RTDRM, Mecenas P, de Toledo IP, Richardson-Lozano R, Altabtbaei K, Flores-Mir C. Aerosol generated by dental procedures: A scoping review. J Evid Based Med 2021; 14:303-312. [PMID: 34936216 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current pandemic has raised awareness of aerosol dispersion in dental offices. This scoping review was conducted to assess the amount and spread of aerosol generated by dental procedures. METHODS This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol and was conducted by searching multiple databases adopting a core search structure for each database. Detailed eligibility criteria were applied. The authors placed no restrictions on study design, year of publication, and study location. The literature search was updated on September 15, 2021. RESULTS A total of 51 papers were included in this scoping review. The risk of bias assessment was not conducted as per guidelines. The majority of studies found microorganisms, bloodstains, splatters of aerosol, and particles in the air part of the search strategy. Publication dates ranged from 1969 to 2021. Data came from different dental settings locations. Several factors were identified that have an effect on the amount and spread of the aerosol and spatter. CONCLUSION Although it is clear that the microbial contamination occurred mainly during aerosol-generating dental procedures, our understanding of the contamination level, spread, and half-life are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Mecenas
- Department of Orthodontics, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Koivu AM, Hunter PJ, Näsänen-Gilmore P, Muthiani Y, Isojärvi J, Pörtfors P, Ashorn U, Ashorn P. Modular literature review: a novel systematic search and review method to support priority setting in health policy and practice. BMC Med Res Methodol 2021; 21:268. [PMID: 34837952 PMCID: PMC8627616 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-021-01463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an unmet need for review methods to support priority-setting, policy-making and strategic planning when a wide variety of interventions from differing disciplines may have the potential to impact a health outcome of interest. This article describes a Modular Literature Review, a novel systematic search and review method that employs systematic search strategies together with a hierarchy-based appraisal and synthesis of the resulting evidence. METHODS We designed the Modular Review to examine the effects of 43 interventions on a health problem of global significance. Using the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study design) framework, we developed a single four-module search template in which population, comparison and outcome modules were the same for each search and the intervention module was different for each of the 43 interventions. A series of literature searches were performed in five databases, followed by screening, extraction and analysis of data. "ES documents", source documents for effect size (ES) estimates, were systematically identified based on a hierarchy of evidence. The evidence was categorised according to the likely effect on the outcome and presented in a standardised format with quantitative effect estimates, meta-analyses and narrative reporting. We compared the Modular Review to other review methods in health research for its strengths and limitations. RESULTS The Modular Review method was used to review the impact of 46 antenatal interventions on four specified birth outcomes within 12 months. A total of 61,279 records were found; 35,244 were screened by title-abstract. Six thousand two hundred seventy-two full articles were reviewed against the inclusion criteria resulting in 365 eligible articles. CONCLUSIONS The Modular Review preserves principles that have traditionally been important to systematic reviews but can address multiple research questions simultaneously. The result is an accessible, reliable answer to the question of "what works?". Thus, it is a well-suited literature review method to support prioritisation, decisions and planning to implement an agenda for health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia J Hunter
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Pieta Näsänen-Gilmore
- Tampere University, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Pia Pörtfors
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Ashorn
- Tampere University, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Per Ashorn
- Tampere University, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
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25
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Exploring the contribution of housing adaptations in supporting everyday life for people with dementia: a scoping review. AGEING & SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x21001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The primary aim of this scoping review was to explore the contribution of housing adaptations to supporting everyday life for people with dementia living at home in the community. The study adopted a scoping review methodology which was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. Four review questions were developed which subsequently informed the inclusion criteria and search terms. Eight databases were searched resulting in 2,339 records, with 13 papers being included in the review. Evidence from the review found that the most common adaptations were recommended and/or implemented to compensate for a person's physical limitations and for safety reasons, rather than adaptations to support activities of daily living for a person with dementia. Support to implement adaptations was provided by a range of professionals coupled with ‘trial and error’ approaches adopted by the person themselves, and these were seen as key enablers. Barriers to implementing and using adaptations were fourfold: (a) access to information, (b) knowing when to make changes, (c) carer resistance, and (d) the unsuitability of the home. It would appear that housing adaptations have a positive impact on both the person with dementia and the carer (where one is present), with some adaptations having a relatively sustained impact and being particularly effective if implemented early in the lived trajectory of dementia.
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Peters MDJ, Marnie C, Colquhoun H, Garritty CM, Hempel S, Horsley T, Langlois EV, Lillie E, O'Brien KK, Tunçalp Ӧ, Wilson MG, Zarin W, Tricco AC. Scoping reviews: reinforcing and advancing the methodology and application. Syst Rev 2021; 10:263. [PMID: 34625095 PMCID: PMC8499488 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to evidence synthesis with a growing suite of methodological guidance and resources to assist review authors with their planning, conduct and reporting. The latest guidance for scoping reviews includes the JBI methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews. This paper provides readers with a brief update regarding ongoing work to enhance and improve the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews as well as information regarding the future steps in scoping review methods development. The purpose of this paper is to provide readers with a concise source of information regarding the difference between scoping reviews and other review types, the reasons for undertaking scoping reviews, and an update on methodological guidance for the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews.Despite available guidance, some publications use the term 'scoping review' without clear consideration of available reporting and methodological tools. Selection of the most appropriate review type for the stated research objectives or questions, standardised use of methodological approaches and terminology in scoping reviews, clarity and consistency of reporting and ensuring that the reporting and presentation of the results clearly addresses the review's objective(s) and question(s) are critical components for improving the rigour of scoping reviews.Rigourous, high-quality scoping reviews should clearly follow up to date methodological guidance and reporting criteria. Stakeholder engagement is one area where further work could occur to enhance integration of consultation with the results of evidence syntheses and to support effective knowledge translation. Scoping review methodology is evolving as a policy and decision-making tool. Ensuring the integrity of scoping reviews by adherence to up-to-date reporting standards is integral to supporting well-informed decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah D J Peters
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Playford Building P4-27, City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia.,Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, 101 Currie St, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia.,The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, 5006, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Casey Marnie
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Playford Building P4-27, City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia
| | - Heather Colquhoun
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Terrence Donnelly Health Sciences Complex, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Toronto, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, St. George Campus, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Chantelle M Garritty
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Susanne Hempel
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA
| | - Tanya Horsley
- Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, 774 Echo Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5N8, Canada
| | - Etienne V Langlois
- Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (PMNCH), World Health Organisation, Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Erin Lillie
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Kelly K O'Brien
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, St. George Campus, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V7, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, St. George Campus, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V7, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, St. George Campus, 155 College Street 4th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Ӧzge Tunçalp
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organisation, Avenue Appia 20, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael G Wilson
- McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.,Department of Health Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.,Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada. .,Epidemiology Division and Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Room 500, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada. .,Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, School of Nursing, Queen's University, 99 University Ave, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Pollock D, Tricco AC, Peters MDJ, McInerney PA, Khalil H, Godfrey CM, Alexander LA, Munn Z. Methodological quality, guidance, and tools in scoping reviews: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 20:1098-1105. [PMID: 34446668 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to identify and report upon evidence (such as guidance) or tools regarding methodological quality or risk of bias of scoping reviews. INTRODUCTION Scoping reviews have gained popularity in recent years but have been criticized for variations in their approaches. This scoping review will examine evidence on the methodological quality of scoping reviews, as well as identify and describe potential tools to inform the development of a tool for appraising the quality of scoping reviews. INCLUSION CRITERIA The scoping review will include all documents reporting on the development, evaluation, or conduct of tools addressing the critical appraisal or risk of bias of scoping reviews. The literature search will seek evidence published from 2005 onwards, corresponding with the publication of Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping reviews. METHODS The search strategy will aim to locate both published and unpublished documents utilizing a three-step search strategy. An initial search of PubMed has identified keyword and MeSH terms. A second search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL will follow. Google and Google Scholar will be searched for difficult-to-locate and unpublished literature. Authors will endeavor to consult with relevant methodologists through the authors' professional networks, social media accounts, and professional newsletters to obtain materials that can be considered for inclusion. Documents will be independently screened, selected, and extracted by two researchers and the data will be presented in tables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Pollock
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Institute for Health, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Kingston, ON, Canada University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A JBI Centre of Excellence, Adelaide, SA, Australia The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Affiliated Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Kingston, ON, Canada School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Great Britain The Scottish Centre for Evidence-based Multi-professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Aberdeen, Great Britain
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Clinical performance of short versus standard dental implants in vertically augmented bone: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6045-6068. [PMID: 34398327 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To answer the question: What do we know so far about the clinical performance of short implants (≤ 7 mm) when compared to standard length implants in vertically augmented bone, as well as which is the overall confidence of the systematic reviews (SRs) about this topic? MATERIALS AND METHODS An overview of SRs was conducted. The searches were performed in six electronic databases and grey literature. SRs about short (≤ 7 mm) versus standard dental implants performance in vertically augmented bone were included. The assessed outcomes were marginal bone loss (MBL), implant survival (IS), prosthetic (PC) and biological complications (BC), costs, surgical time, and patient satisfaction. AMSTAR 2 was used to evaluate the overall confidence of included SRs. RESULTS Thirteen SRs were included. Nine of twelve SRs reported a lower MBL for the short implant group. All the included SRs showed no difference in the IS between groups. A higher rate of BC was reported for standard-length implants in four out of five SRs. No differences regarding PC were reported in four of five SRs. Information related to patient preference, cost, and surgery time were underreported. The confidence evaluation of the SRs was stratified as low for five SRs and critically low for eight SRs. CONCLUSIONS In an overall low-to-very low confidence levels, short implants appear to perform better in the mid-term (up to 5 years) than standard dental implants associated with vertical bone augmentation regarding MBL and BC, but they have a similar performance regarding IS rates and PC. There is an imperative need to improve the methodological quality of SRs, and efforts should focus on conducting RCTs to broaden the knowledge on this topic. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Short implants could represent a viable, simpler, and less invasive treatment when available bone height is limited.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to describe the updated methodological guidance for conducting a JBI scoping review, with a focus on new updates to the approach and development of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (the PRISMA-ScR). INTRODUCTION Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to informing decision-making and research based on the identification and examination of the literature on a given topic or issue. Scoping reviews draw on evidence from any research methodology and may also include evidence from non-research sources, such as policy. In this manner, scoping reviews provide a comprehensive overview to address broader review questions than traditionally more specific systematic reviews of effectiveness or qualitative evidence. The increasing popularity of scoping reviews has been accompanied by the development of a reporting guideline: the PRISMA-ScR. In 2014, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group developed guidance for scoping reviews that received minor updates in 2017 and was most recently updated in 2020. The updates reflect ongoing and substantial developments in approaches to scoping review conduct and reporting. As such, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group recognized the need to revise the guidance to align with the current state of knowledge and reporting standards in evidence synthesis. METHODS Between 2015 and 2020, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group expanded its membership; extensively reviewed the literature; engaged via annual face-to-face meetings, regular teleconferences, and email correspondence; sought advice from methodological experts; facilitated workshops; and presented at scientific conferences. This process led to updated guidance for scoping reviews published in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The updated chapter was endorsed by JBI's International Scientific Committee in 2020. RESULTS The updated JBI guidance for scoping reviews includes additional guidance on several methodological issues, such as when a scoping review is (or is not) appropriate, and how to extract, analyze, and present results, and provides clarification for implications for practice and research. Furthermore, it is aligned with the PRISMA-ScR to ensure consistent reporting. CONCLUSIONS The latest JBI guidance for scoping reviews provides up-to-date guidance that can be used by authors when conducting a scoping review. Furthermore, it aligns with the PRISMA-ScR, which can be used to report the conduct of a scoping review. A series of ongoing and future methodological projects identified by the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group to further refine the methodology are planned.
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Peters MDJ, Marnie C, Tricco AC, Pollock D, Munn Z, Alexander L, McInerney P, Godfrey CM, Khalil H. Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 18:2119-2126. [PMID: 33038124 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1540] [Impact Index Per Article: 513.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to describe the updated methodological guidance for conducting a JBI scoping review, with a focus on new updates to the approach and development of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (the PRISMA-ScR). INTRODUCTION Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to informing decision-making and research based on the identification and examination of the literature on a given topic or issue. Scoping reviews draw on evidence from any research methodology and may also include evidence from non-research sources, such as policy. In this manner, scoping reviews provide a comprehensive overview to address broader review questions than traditionally more specific systematic reviews of effectiveness or qualitative evidence. The increasing popularity of scoping reviews has been accompanied by the development of a reporting guideline: the PRISMA-ScR. In 2014, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group developed guidance for scoping reviews that received minor updates in 2017 and was most recently updated in 2020. The updates reflect ongoing and substantial developments in approaches to scoping review conduct and reporting. As such, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group recognized the need to revise the guidance to align with the current state of knowledge and reporting standards in evidence synthesis. METHODS Between 2015 and 2020, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group expanded its membership; extensively reviewed the literature; engaged via annual face-to-face meetings, regular teleconferences, and email correspondence; sought advice from methodological experts; facilitated workshops; and presented at scientific conferences. This process led to updated guidance for scoping reviews published in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The updated chapter was endorsed by JBI's International Scientific Committee in 2020. RESULTS The updated JBI guidance for scoping reviews includes additional guidance on several methodological issues, such as when a scoping review is (or is not) appropriate, and how to extract, analyze, and present results, and provides clarification for implications for practice and research. Furthermore, it is aligned with the PRISMA-ScR to ensure consistent reporting. CONCLUSIONS The latest JBI guidance for scoping reviews provides up-to-date guidance that can be used by authors when conducting a scoping review. Furthermore, it aligns with the PRISMA-ScR, which can be used to report the conduct of a scoping review. A series of ongoing and future methodological projects identified by the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group to further refine the methodology are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah D J Peters
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A JBI Centre of Excellence Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Casey Marnie
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Management, Policy, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Pollock
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.,The Scottish Centre for Evidence-based Multi-professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Patricia McInerney
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, GT, South Africa.,The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Affiliated Group Johannesburg, GT, South Africa
| | - Christina M Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence Kingston, ON, Canada.,School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Hanan Khalil
- School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,The Queensland Centre of Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Pollock D, Davies EL, Peters MDJ, Tricco AC, Alexander L, McInerney P, Godfrey CM, Khalil H, Munn Z. Undertaking a scoping review: A practical guide for nursing and midwifery students, clinicians, researchers, and academics. J Adv Nurs 2021; 77:2102-2113. [PMID: 33543511 PMCID: PMC8049063 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to discuss the available methodological resources and best-practice guidelines for the development and completion of scoping reviews relevant to nursing and midwifery policy, practice, and research. DESIGN Discussion Paper. DATA SOURCES Scoping reviews that exemplify best practice are explored with reference to the recently updated JBI scoping review guide (2020) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review extension (PRISMA-ScR). IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND MIDWIFERY Scoping reviews are an increasingly common form of evidence synthesis. They are used to address broad research questions and to map evidence from a variety of sources. Scoping reviews are a useful form of evidence synthesis for those in nursing and midwifery and present opportunities for researchers to review a broad array of evidence and resources. However, scoping reviews still need to be conducted with rigour and transparency. CONCLUSION This study provides guidance and advice for researchers and clinicians who are preparing to undertake an evidence synthesis and are considering a scoping review methodology in the field of nursing and midwifery. IMPACT With the increasing popularity of scoping reviews, criticism of the rigour, transparency, and appropriateness of the methodology have been raised across multiple academic and clinical disciplines, including nursing and midwifery. This discussion paper provides a unique contribution by discussing each component of a scoping review, including: developing research questions and objectives; protocol development; developing eligibility criteria and the planned search approach; searching and selecting the evidence; extracting and analysing evidence; presenting results; and summarizing the evidence specifically for the fields of nursing and midwifery. Considerations for when to select this methodology and how to prepare a review for publication are also discussed. This approach is applied to the disciplines of nursing and midwifery to assist nursing and/or midwifery students, clinicians, researchers, and academics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Pollock
- JBIFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Ellen L. Davies
- Adelaide Nursing SchoolFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Micah D. J. Peters
- Adelaide Nursing SchoolFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research CentreClinical & Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
- The Centre for Evidence‐based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A JBI Centre of ExcellenceAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Andrea C. Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's HospitalUnity Health TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Management, Policy, and EvaluationDalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of ExcellenceKingstonONCanada
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- School of Health SciencesRobert Gordon UniversityAberdeenUK
- The Scottish Centre for Evidence‐based Multi‐professional Practice: A JBI Centre of ExcellenceAberdeenUK
| | - Patricia McInerney
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
- The Wits‐JBI Centre for Evidence‐Based Practice: A JBI Affiliated GroupJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Christina M. Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of ExcellenceKingstonONCanada
- School of NursingQueen's UniversityKingstonONCanada
| | - Hanan Khalil
- School of Psychology and Public HealthDepartment of Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVicAustralia
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBIFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
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Parkinson's Disease in Romania: A Scoping Review Protocol. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020251. [PMID: 33671440 PMCID: PMC7922587 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significant cause of disability, with a fast-growing prevalence. This review will summarize the epidemiological and clinical data in Romania and the interventions and diagnostic approaches used in this Eastern European country. This scoping review will primarily follow the recommendations on the scoping review methodology made by the Joanna Briggs Institute. In order to answer our research questions, we will search four databases using appropriate search terms. We will use pre-defined inclusion criteria and the data of eligible studies will be extracted in a standardized form. Results will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The proposed scoping review will map the evidence on PD in Romania through a literature review, focusing on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, interventions, and diagnosis, contributing to PD research advancement. We will provide information for policy-makers, public health specialists, and clinicians.
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Loh SY. Occupational Therapy in Cancer Survivorship—A Toolkit for Stimulating Rapid-Research on the Neglected Domain of “Participation” during COVID-19. Health (London) 2021. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2021.136048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sarkis-Onofre R, Agostini BA. Knowledge synthesis: How to improve the use of evidence from clinical trials? Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 31 Suppl 1:66-74. [PMID: 33147369 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of systematic reviews (SRs) is determined by methodology and reporting quality of primary studies and how the SR is conducted and reported. AIM This study discusses key aspects of clinical trials (CTs) that might affect the value of SRs. DESIGN Narrative review. RESULTS We highlighted the following CT factors that could affect SR value: Defining the purpose of CTs is important because it could directly impact whether an SR question is appropriately answered and formulated; choose the most appropriate intervention to answer a proposed SR question is critical because we can exclude or include different studies, directly influencing selection bias; when conducting SRs, the study's search must be restricted to equal or highly similar comparison groups, allowing suitable comparisons of the outcomes' estimates; in SRs, it may be interesting to explore the effect of the most common definition of the disease used in clinical practice, being useful in evidence-based dentistry and easily translated to daily practitioners; and deficiencies in CT reporting can lead to unusable reports, biased results, and conclusions. CONCLUSION All aspects discussed were found to be important for improving the use of evidence from CTs.
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Nyanchoka L, Tudur-Smith C, Porcher R, Hren D. Key stakeholders' perspectives and experiences with defining, identifying and displaying gaps in health research: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039932. [PMID: 33172944 PMCID: PMC7656956 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mapping the current body of evidence including what is missing helps provide a better understanding of what research is available, ongoing and needed and should be prioritised. Identifying research gaps can inform the design and conduct of health research by providing additional context information about the body of evidence in a given topic area. Despite the commonly used term 'research gap' in scientific literature, little is written on how to find a 'research gap' in the first place. Moreover, there is no clear methodological guidance to identify and display gaps. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore how key stakeholders define research gaps and characterise methods/practices used to identify and display gaps in health research to further advance efforts in this area. DESIGN This was an exploratory qualitative study using semistructured in-depth interviews. The study sample included the following stakeholder groups: researchers, funders, healthcare providers, patients/public and policy-makers. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS Among the 20 interviews conducted (20 participants), a variety of research gap definitions were expressed (ie, five main themes, including gaps in information, knowledge/evidence gaps, uncertainties, quality and patient perspective). We identified three main themes for methods used to identify gaps (primary, secondary and both primary and secondary) and finally six main themes for the methods to display gaps (forest plots, diagrams/illustrations, evidence maps, mega maps, 3IE gap maps and info graphics). CONCLUSION This study provides insights into issues related to defining research gaps and methods used to identify and display gaps in health research from the perspectives of key stakeholders involved in the process. Findings will be used to inform methodological guidance on identifying research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nyanchoka
- Universite de Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Paris, France
| | - Catrin Tudur-Smith
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raphaël Porcher
- Universite de Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Darko Hren
- University of Split Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Split, Croatia
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Conducting high quality scoping reviews-challenges and solutions. J Clin Epidemiol 2020; 130:156-160. [PMID: 33122034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scoping reviews are being increasingly used by researchers. The objective of this article was to outline some challenges and potential solutions to improve the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING The JBI scoping review methodology group consists of 9 experts in the field of scoping reviews. This article summarizes the key issues facing reviewers who conduct scoping reviews and those who use the results from scoping reviews and may engage in consultations during their development. RESULTS Several key issues have been identified for reviewers as challenges in conducting scoping reviews. Challenges may be faced throughout the conduct of the review, from developing the a priori protocol to finalizing the review report for publication and developing implications or recommendations for research, policy, and practice from the results of the review. Challenges to publishing scoping reviews may stem from a lack of understanding of scoping reviews by journal editors, authors, and peer reviewers to extending the conclusion drawn from these reviews to generate recommendations for practice and policy. CONCLUSION By identifying and overcoming challenges to the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews, reviewers may better ensure that scoping reviews are effective in meeting the objectives of scoping reviews.
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Garritty C, Gartlehner G, Nussbaumer-Streit B, King VJ, Hamel C, Kamel C, Affengruber L, Stevens A. Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group offers evidence-informed guidance to conduct rapid reviews. J Clin Epidemiol 2020; 130:13-22. [PMID: 33068715 PMCID: PMC7557165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop methods guidance to support the conduct of rapid reviews (RRs) produced within Cochrane and beyond, in response to requests for timely evidence syntheses for decision-making purposes including urgent health issues of high priority. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Interim recommendations were informed by a scoping review of the underlying evidence, primary methods studies conducted, and a survey sent to 119 representatives from 20 Cochrane entities, who were asked to rate and rank RR methods across stages of review conduct. Discussions among those with expertise in RR methods further informed the list of recommendations with accompanying rationales provided. RESULTS Based on survey results from 63 respondents (53% response rate), 26 RR methods recommendations are presented for which there was a high or moderate level of agreement or scored highest in the absence of such agreement. Where possible, how recommendations align with Cochrane methods guidance for systematic reviews is highlighted. CONCLUSION The Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group offers new, interim guidance to support the conduct of RRs. Because best practice is limited by the lack of currently available evidence for some RR methods shortcuts taken, this guidance will need to be updated as additional abbreviated methods are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Garritty
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Canada; TRIBE Graduate Program, University of Split School of Medicine, Croatia.
| | - Gerald Gartlehner
- Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Krems a.d. Donau, Austria; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Valerie J King
- The Center for Evidence-based Policy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Candyce Hamel
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Canada; TRIBE Graduate Program, University of Split School of Medicine, Croatia
| | | | - Lisa Affengruber
- Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Krems a.d. Donau, Austria
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Mirchev M, Mircheva I, Kerekovska A. The Academic Viewpoint on Patient Data Ownership in the Context of Big Data: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e22214. [PMID: 32808934 PMCID: PMC7463395 DOI: 10.2196/22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ownership of patient information in the context of big data is a relatively new problem, which is not yet fully recognized by the medical academic community. The problem is interdisciplinary, incorporating legal, ethical, medical, and aspects of information and communication technologies, requiring a sophisticated analysis. However, no previous scoping review has mapped existing studies on the subject. OBJECTIVE This study aims to map and assess published studies on patient data ownership in the context of big data as viewed by the academic community. METHODS A scoping review was conducted based on the 5-stage framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley and further developed by Levac, Colquhoun, and O'Brien. The organization and reporting of results of the scoping review were conducted according to PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and its extensions for Scoping Reviews). A systematic and comprehensive search of 4 scientific information databases, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Springer, was performed for studies published between January 2000 and October 2019. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility of the studies and the extracted data. RESULTS The review included 32 eligible articles authored by academicians that correspond to 3 focus areas: problem (ownership), area (health care), and context (big data). Five major aspects were studied: the scientific area of publications, aspects and academicians' perception of ownership in the context of big data, proposed solutions, and practical applications for data ownership issues in the context of big data. The aspects in which publications consider ownership of medical data are not clearly distinguished but can be summarized as ethical, legal, political, and managerial. The ownership of patient data is perceived primarily as a challenge fundamental to conducting medical research, including data sales and sharing, and to a lesser degree as a means of control, problem, threat, and opportunity also in view of medical research. Although numerous solutions falling into 3 categories, technology, law, and policy, were proposed, only 3 real applications were discussed. CONCLUSIONS The issue of ownership of patient information in the context of big data is poorly researched; it is not addressed consistently and in its integrity, and there is no consensus on policy decisions and the necessary legal regulations. Future research should investigate the issue of ownership as a core research question and not as a minor fragment among other topics. More research is needed to increase the body of knowledge regarding the development of adequate policies and relevant legal frameworks in compliance with ethical standards. The combined efforts of multidisciplinary academic teams are needed to overcome existing gaps in the perception of ownership, the aspects of ownership, and the possible solutions to patient data ownership issues in the reality of big data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mirchev
- Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Mircheva
- Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Kerekovska
- Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
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Affengruber L, Wagner G, Waffenschmidt S, Lhachimi SK, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Thaler K, Griebler U, Klerings I, Gartlehner G. Combining abbreviated literature searches with single-reviewer screening: three case studies of rapid reviews. Syst Rev 2020; 9:162. [PMID: 32682442 PMCID: PMC7368980 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decision-makers increasingly request rapid answers to clinical or public health questions. To save time, personnel, and financial resources, rapid reviews streamline the methodological steps of the systematic review process. We aimed to explore the validity of a rapid review approach that combines a substantially abbreviated literature search with a single-reviewer screening of abstracts and full texts using three case studies. METHODS We used a convenience sample of three ongoing Cochrane reviews as reference standards. Two reviews addressed oncological topics and one addressed a public health topic. For each of the three topics, three reviewers screened the literature independently. Our primary outcome was the change in conclusions between the rapid reviews and the respective Cochrane reviews. In case the rapid approach missed studies, we recalculated the meta-analyses for the main outcomes and asked Cochrane review authors if the new body of evidence would change their original conclusion compared with the reference standards. Additionally, we assessed the sensitivity of the rapid review approach compared with the results of the original Cochrane reviews. RESULTS For the two oncological topics (case studies 1 and 2), the three rapid reviews each yielded the same conclusions as the Cochrane reviews. However, the authors would have had less certainty about their conclusion in case study 2. For case study 3, the public health topic, only one of the three rapid reviews led to the same conclusion as the Cochrane review. The other two rapid reviews provided insufficient information for the authors to draw conclusions. Using the rapid review approach, the sensitivity was 100% (3 of 3) for case study 1. For case study 2, the three rapid reviews identified 40% (4 of 10), 50% (5 of 10), and 60% (6 of 10) of the included studies, respectively; for case study 3, the respective numbers were 38% (8 of 21), 43% (9 of 21), and 48% (10 of 21). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of these case studies, a rapid review approach that combines abbreviated literature searches with single-reviewer screening may be feasible for focused clinical questions. For complex public health topics, sensitivity seems to be insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Affengruber
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229 HA Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gernot Wagner
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- Information Management Unit, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG), Im Mediapark 8, 50670 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan K. Lhachimi
- Research Group Evidence-Based Public Health, Leibniz Institute for Epidemiology and Prevention Research (BIPS), Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, Institute for Public Health and Nursing, University of Bremen, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Kylie Thaler
- Medical Department I, Hanusch Krankenhaus der Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse, Heinrich-Collin-Straße 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Griebler
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Irma Klerings
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Gerald Gartlehner
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Cochrane Austria, Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Strasse 30, 3500 Krems, Austria
- RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, PO Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194 USA
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Colquhoun HL, Jesus TS, O'Brien KK, Tricco AC, Chui A, Zarin W, Lillie E, Hitzig SL, Seaton S, Engel L, Rotenberg S, Straus SE. Scoping Review on Rehabilitation Scoping Reviews. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 101:1462-1469. [PMID: 32325163 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the extent, scope, and methodological quality of rehabilitation scoping reviews. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive list of scoping reviews conducted in the broader health field (inception to July 2014), with a further update of that list (up to February 2017) using similar methods, including searching 9 electronic databases. STUDY SELECTION Articles were included if they were scoping reviews within rehabilitation. Established review methods were used including (1) a PubMed filter detecting rehabilitation content and (2) title-and-abstract screening by 2 independent reviewers applied sequentially to articles from the existing list of scoping reviews and to the updated search results. Full-text articles were reviewed by 1 reviewer, with discrepancies resolved by another after pilot screening with > 80% agreement. Remaining discrepancies were resolved by external experts. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers used piloted and standardized data extraction forms. DATA SYNTHESIS We screened 1823 records, including 992 full texts, to identify 251 rehabilitation-related scoping reviews. Rehabilitation scoping reviews had an exponential yearly increase since 2008 (r2=0.89; P<.01). The literature addressed diverse topics (eg, spread over 43 condition groupings); 43% were published in Canada. Examples of methodological limitations included: 39% of reviews did not cite the use of a methodological framework, 96% did not include the appropriate flow diagram, 8% did not report eligibility criteria, and 57% did not report data extraction details. CONCLUSIONS The increasing popularity of scoping reviews in rehabilitation has not been met by high standards in methodological quality. To increase the value of rehabilitation scoping reviews, rehabilitation stakeholders need to use existing methodological standards for the conduct, reporting, and appraisal of scoping reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Colquhoun
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tiago S Jesus
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine and WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Workforce Policy and Planning, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kelly K O'Brien
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adora Chui
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Lillie
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sander L Hitzig
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Seaton
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Engel
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Sharon E Straus
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Płaszewski M, Grantham W, Jespersen E. Mapping the evidence of experiences related to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032865. [PMID: 31753899 PMCID: PMC6886945 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, the diagnosis and management of this condition, may lead to poorer body image and diminished psychosocial functioning. Furthermore, treatment, especially bracing and surgery as well as screening, remain controversial and debated, with an unclear evidence base. Personal experiences in terms of issues such as person-centred care, shared decision making, and patient and public involvement, are contemporarily recognised as highly valued. Nonetheless, people's experiences related to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is an issue underrepresented in current systematic reviews and systematically developed recommendations. There appears a substantial imbalance between a vast amount of biomedical research reports, and sporadic biopsychosocial publications in this field. The objective of this planned scoping review is to explore and map the available evidence from various sources to address a broad question of what is known about experiences of all those touched, directly and indirectly, by the problem of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We based our protocol on the Joanna Briggs Institute's scoping review method, including the Population - Concept - Context framework, to formulate the objectives, research questions, eligibility criteria and conduct characteristics of the study. We will consider any primary study designs, research synthesis reports, as well as narrative reviews and opinion pieces. We will not restrict eligible publications to English language. Search and selection processes will include academic and grey literature searches using multiple electronic databases, search engines and websites, hand searches, and contacting the authors. We will use a customised data charting table and present a narrative synthesis of the results. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Scoping review is a secondary study, aiming at synthesising data from publicly available publications, hence it does not require ethical approval. We will submit the report to a peer-reviewed journal and disseminate it among professionals involved in scoliosis management, guideline and recommendation development, and policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Płaszewski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Grantham
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ejgil Jespersen
- Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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Sutton A, Clowes M, Preston L, Booth A. Meeting the review family: exploring review types and associated information retrieval requirements. Health Info Libr J 2019; 36:202-222. [DOI: 10.1111/hir.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Sutton
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Mark Clowes
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Louise Preston
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Andrew Booth
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR) The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
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Arevalo-Rodriguez I, Moreno-Nunez P, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Steingart KR, González Peña LDM, Buitrago-Garcia D, Kaunelis D, Emparanza JI, Alonso-Coello P, Tricco AC, Zamora J. Rapid reviews of medical tests used many similar methods to systematic reviews but key items were rarely reported: a scoping review. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 116:98-105. [PMID: 31521724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rapid reviews provide an efficient alternative to standard systematic reviews in response to a high priority or urgent need. Although rapid reviews of interventions have been extensively evaluated, little is known about the characteristics of rapid reviews of diagnostic evidence. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We performed a scoping review for rapid reviews of medical tests published from 2013 to 2018. We extracted information on review characteristics and methods used to assess the evidence. RESULTS We identified 191 rapid reviews. All reviews were developed within a short time (less than 12 months) and were relatively concise (less than 10 pages). The reviews involved multiple index tests (44%), multiple outcomes (88%), and several test applications (29%). Well-known methodological tailoring strategies were infrequently used. Although reporting of several key features was limited, we found that, in general, rapid reviews have similar characteristics to broader knowledge syntheses. CONCLUSION Our scoping review is the first to describe the characteristics and methods of rapid reviews of diagnostic evidence. Future research should identify the most appropriate methods for performing rapid reviews of medical tests. Standards for reporting of rapid reviews are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez
- Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paloma Moreno-Nunez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Ramon y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Karen R Steingart
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Del Mar González Peña
- Especialización en Epidemiología Clínica, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Buitrago-Garcia
- Especialización en Epidemiología Clínica, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - David Kaunelis
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Ottawa, Canada
| | - José Ignacio Emparanza
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Donostia, BioDonostia, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pablo Alonso-Coello
- Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano-Servicio de Epidemiología Clínica y Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital. Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality, Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Javier Zamora
- Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
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Revisiones panorámicas. Otra forma de revisión de la literatura. Med Clin (Barc) 2019; 153:165-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Magalhães P, Figueirêdo BB, Vasconcelos A, de Andrade ÉM, Dornelas de Andrade A, Reinaux C. Is transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation an alternative for preventing acquired muscle weakness in the pediatric intensive care unit? A scoping review. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:1108-1116. [PMID: 31134767 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation (TEMS) has been progressively used as add-on therapy to reduce muscle atrophy in adults unable to carry out active mobilization in the intensive care unit (ICU). There are no studies addressing TEMS in the pediatric ICU. Therefore, we decided to develop a scoping review, a type of knowledge synthesis, which unlike systematic review, identify gaps in the literature to aid the planning and commissioning of future research. OBJECTIVE To provide current perspectives on the application of TEMS for combating pediatric intensive care unit acquired weakness (PICUAW). METHODS Online databases were used to identify papers published 2006-2016, from which we selected those used musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory performance as a primary or secondary outcome variable in participants under 18 years. RESULTS The publications reported six clinical trials from 218 outpatients with 9.5 ± 8 years old. There were differences in current modulation and duration of TEMS sessions, with a predominance of high intensity and short duration in which a muscle contraction is triggered. The main use of TEMS was in pediatric neurological disorders. TEMS was more effective when compared with SHAM on spasticity, bone mineral density, disability, and gait. One study regarding spine injury showed improvement in VO2 (P = 0.035) when combined cycling with TEMS. CONCLUSION TEMS was an effective and safe treatment for musculoskeletal impairments and cardiorespiratory performance in children with neurological disorders. Although the physiopathology is different in outpatients, an individualized protocol with TEMS might be promising for preventing PICUAW. Its effectiveness, however, deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Magalhães
- Department of Physical Therapy, Pernambuco University, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Alanna Vasconcelos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Pernambuco University, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cyda Reinaux
- Department of Physical Therapy, Pernambuco University, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Drosatos G, Kaldoudi E. Blockchain Applications in the Biomedical Domain: A Scoping Review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:229-240. [PMID: 30847041 PMCID: PMC6389656 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger technology introduced as the enabling mechanism to support cryptocurrencies. Blockchain solutions are currently being proposed to address diverse problems in different domains. This paper presents a scoping review of the scientific literature to map the current research area of blockchain applications in the biomedical domain. The goal is to identify biomedical problems treated with blockchain technology, the level of maturity of respective approaches, types of biomedical data considered, blockchain features and functionalities exploited and blockchain technology frameworks used. The study follows the PRISMA-ScR methodology. Literature search was conducted on August 2018 and the systematic selection process identified 47 research articles for detailed study. Our findings show that the field is still in its infancy, with the majority of studies in the conceptual or architectural design phase; only one study reports real world demonstration and evaluation. Research is greatly focused on integration, integrity and access control of health records and related patient data. However, other diverse and interesting applications are emerging, addressing medical research, clinical trials, medicines supply chain, and medical insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Drosatos
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupoli 68100, Greece
| | - Eleni Kaldoudi
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupoli 68100, Greece
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Langlois EV, Straus SE, Antony J, King VJ, Tricco AC. Using rapid reviews to strengthen health policy and systems and progress towards universal health coverage. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4:e001178. [PMID: 30899562 PMCID: PMC6407563 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne V Langlois
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jesmin Antony
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Valerie J King
- Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Epidemiology Division, University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
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49
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A scoping review describes methods used to identify, prioritize and display gaps in health research. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 109:99-110. [PMID: 30708176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Different methods to examine research gaps have been described, but there are still no standard methods for identifying, prioritizing, or reporting research gaps. This study aimed to describe the methods used to identify, prioritize, and display gaps in health research. METHODS A scoping review using the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework was carried out. We included all study types describing or reporting on methods to identify, prioritize, and display gaps or priorities in health research. Data synthesis is both quantitative and qualitative. RESULTS Among 1,938 identified documents, 139 articles were selected for analysis; 90 (65%) aimed to identify gaps, 23 (17%) aimed to determine research priorities, and 26 (19%) had both aims. The most frequent methods in the review were aimed at gap identification and involved secondary research, which included knowledge synthesis (80/116 articles, 69%), specifically systematic reviews and scoping reviews (58/80, 73%). Among 49 studies aimed at research prioritization, the most frequent methods were both primary and secondary research, accounting for 24 (49%) reports. Finally, 52 (37%) articles described methods for displaying gaps and/or priorities in health research. CONCLUSION This study provides a mapping of different methods used to identify, prioritize, and display gaps or priorities in health research.
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Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, Moher D, Peters MDJ, Horsley T, Weeks L, Hempel S, Akl EA, Chang C, McGowan J, Stewart L, Hartling L, Aldcroft A, Wilson MG, Garritty C, Lewin S, Godfrey CM, Macdonald MT, Langlois EV, Soares-Weiser K, Moriarty J, Clifford T, Tunçalp Ö, Straus SE. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med 2018; 169:467-473. [PMID: 30178033 DOI: 10.7326/m18-0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13645] [Impact Index Per Article: 2274.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Tricco
- St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C.T., S.E.S.)
| | - Erin Lillie
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (E.L., W.Z.)
| | - Wasifa Zarin
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (E.L., W.Z.)
| | - Kelly K O'Brien
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.K.O., H.C.)
| | | | | | - David Moher
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.M., C.G.)
| | - Micah D J Peters
- University of South Australia and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (M.D.P.)
| | - Tanya Horsley
- Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (T.H.)
| | - Laura Weeks
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.W., T.C.)
| | | | - Elie A Akl
- American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (E.A.A.)
| | - Christine Chang
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland (C.C.)
| | | | | | - Lisa Hartling
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (L.H.)
| | | | | | - Chantelle Garritty
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.M., C.G.)
| | - Simon Lewin
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, and South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa (S.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jo Moriarty
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom (J.M.)
| | - Tammy Clifford
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.W., T.C.)
| | - Özge Tunçalp
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (E.V.L., Ö.T.)
| | - Sharon E Straus
- St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C.T., S.E.S.)
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