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Zhu Y, Chen J, Liu H, Zhang W. Photo-cross-linked Hydrogels for Cartilage and Osteochondral Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6567-6585. [PMID: 37956022 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Photo-cross-linked hydrogels, which respond to light and induce structural or morphological transitions, form a microenvironment that mimics the extracellular matrix of native tissue. In the last decades, photo-cross-linked hydrogels have been widely used in cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering due to their good biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, rapid in situ gel-forming ability, and tunable mechanical and degradable properties. In this review, we systemically summarize the different types and physicochemical properties of photo-cross-linked hydrogels (including the materials and photoinitiators) and explore the biological properties modulated through the incorporation of additives, including cells, biomolecules, genes, and nanomaterials, into photo-cross-linked hydrogels. Subsequently, we compile the applications of photo-cross-linked hydrogels with a specific focus on cartilage and osteochondral repair. Finally, current limitations and future perspectives of photo-cross-linked hydrogels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), 310058 Hangzhou, China
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2
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Askari E, Shokrollahi Barough M, Rahmanian M, Mojtabavi N, Sarrami Forooshani R, Seyfoori A, Akbari M. Cancer Immunotherapy Using Bioengineered Micro/Nano Structured Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301174. [PMID: 37612251 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels, a class of materials with a 3D network structure, are widely used in various applications of therapeutic delivery, particularly cancer therapy. Micro and nanogels as miniaturized structures of the bioengineered hydrogels may provide extensive benefits over the common hydrogels in encapsulation and controlled release of small molecular drugs, macromolecular therapeutics, and even cells. Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly developing, and micro/nanostructured hydrogels have gained wide attention regarding their engineered payload release properties that enhance systemic anticancer immunity. Additionally, they are a great candidate due to their local administration properties with a focus on local immune cell manipulation in favor of active and passive immunotherapies. Although applied locally, such micro/nanostructured can also activate systemic antitumor immune responses by releasing nanovaccines safely and effectively inhibiting tumor metastasis and recurrence. However, such hydrogels are mostly used as locally administered carriers to stimulate the immune cells by releasing tumor lysate, drugs, or nanovaccines. In this review, the latest developments in cancer immunotherapy are summarized using micro/nanostructured hydrogels with a particular emphasis on their function depending on the administration route. Moreover, the potential for clinical translation of these hydrogel-based cancer immunotherapies is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esfandyar Askari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Shokrollahi Barough
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahmanian
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Ramin Sarrami Forooshani
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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3
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Brown T, Stanton M, Cros F, Cho S, Kiselyov A. Design and development of microformulations for rapid release of small molecules and oligonucleotides. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106472. [PMID: 37220816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A systemic delivery of therapeutics frequently results in sub-optimal exposure of the targeted locus and undesired side effects. To address these challenges, a platform for local delivery of diverse therapeutics by remotely controlled magnetic micro-robots was introduced. The approach involves micro-formulation of active molecules using hydrogels that exhibit wide range of loading capabilities and predictable release kinetics. This work introduces two specific hydrogels based on thiol-maleimide and PEG-PLA-diacrylate chemistries that afford high, reliable and reproducible loading and release of several model molecules including doxorubicin, 25-mer poly-dT oligonucleotide and a 5.4 kBp GFP DNA plasmid. The described formulations are suitable for micro-dosing using both conventional or remote delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Brown
- Mosaic Biosciences, 2830 Wilderness Pl, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - M Stanton
- Mosaic Biosciences, 2830 Wilderness Pl, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA
| | - F Cros
- Bionaut Labs, Inc., 3767 Overland Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90034, USA
| | - S Cho
- Bionaut Labs, Inc., 3767 Overland Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90034, USA
| | - A Kiselyov
- Bionaut Labs, Inc., 3767 Overland Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90034, USA.
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4
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Galogahi FM, Christie M, Yadav AS, An H, Stratton H, Nguyen NT. Microfluidic encapsulation of DNAs in liquid beads for digital PCR application. Analyst 2023; 148:4064-4071. [PMID: 37469285 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00868a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) hold significant promise for accurately detecting and quantifying pathogens. However, existing droplet-based digital PCR (ddPCR) applications have been relying exclusively on single emulsion droplets. Single emulsion droplets may not be suitable for applications such as identifying the source and pathways of water contamination where the templates must be protected against harsh environmental conditions. In this study, we developed a core-shell particle to serve as a protective framework for DNAs, with potential applications in digital PCR. We employed a high-throughput and facile flow-focusing microfluidic device to generate liquid beads, core-shell particles with liquid cores, which provided precise control over process parameters and consequently particle characteristics. Notably, the interfacial interaction between the core and shell liquids could be adjusted without adding surfactants to either phase. As maintaining stability is essential for ensuring the accuracy of digital PCR (dPCR), we investigated parameters that affect the stability of core-shell droplets, including surfactants in the continuous phase and core density. As a proof of concept, we encapsulated a series of human faecal DNA samples in the core-shell droplets and the subsequent liquid beads. The core-shell particles ensure contamination-free encapsulation of DNA in the core. The volume of the core droplets containing the PCR mixture is only 0.12 nL. Our experimental results indicate that the liquid beads formulated using our technique can amplify the encapsulated DNA and be used for digital PCR without interfering with the fluorescence signal. We successfully demonstrated the ability to detect and quantify DNA under varying concentrations. These findings provide new insights and a step change in digital PCR that could benefit various applications, including the detection and tracking of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Malekpour Galogahi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Melody Christie
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Ajeet Singh Yadav
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Hongjie An
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Helen Stratton
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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5
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Li W, Wu Y, Zhang X, Wu T, Huang K, Wang B, Liao J. Self-healing hydrogels for bone defect repair. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16773-16788. [PMID: 37283866 PMCID: PMC10240173 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01700a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe bone defects can be caused by various factors, such as tumor resection, severe trauma, and infection. However, bone regeneration capacity is limited up to a critical-size defect, and further intervention is required. Currently, the most common clinical method to repair bone defects is bone grafting, where autografts are the "gold standard." However, the disadvantages of autografts, including inflammation, secondary trauma and chronic disease, limit their application. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an attractive strategy for repairing bone defects and has been widely researched. In particular, hydrogels with a three-dimensional network can be used as scaffolds for BTE owing to their hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and large porosity. Self-healing hydrogels respond rapidly, autonomously, and repeatedly to induced damage and can maintain their original properties (i.e., mechanical properties, fluidity, and biocompatibility) following self-healing. This review focuses on self-healing hydrogels and their applications in bone defect repair. Moreover, we discussed the recent progress in this research field. Despite the significant existing research achievements, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to promote clinical research of self-healing hydrogels in bone defect repair and increase the market penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yanting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Tingkui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Kangkang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Beiyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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6
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Pyreddy S, Poddar A, Carraro F, Polash SA, Dekiwadia C, Murdoch B, Nasa Z, Reddy TS, Falcaro P, Shukla R. Targeting telomerase utilizing zeolitic imidazole frameworks as non-viral gene delivery agents across different cancer cell types. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213420. [PMID: 37062125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein coded by the hTERT gene, plays an important role in cellular immortalization and carcinogenesis. hTERT is a suitable target for cancer therapeutics as its activity is highly upregulated in most of cancer cells but absent in normal somatic cells. Here, by employing the two Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), viz. ZIF-C and ZIF-8, based biomineralization we encapsulate Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 plasmid system that targets hTERT gene (CrhTERT) in cancer cells. When comparing the two biocomposites, ZIF-C shows the better loading capacity and cell viability. The loaded plasmid in ZIF-C is highly protected against enzymatic degradation. CrhTERT@ZIF-C is efficiently endocytosed by cancer cells and the subcellular release of CrhTERT leads to telomerase knockdown. The resultant inhibition of hTERT expression decreases cellular proliferation and causing cancer cell death. Furthermore, hTERT knockdown shows a significant reduction in tumour metastasis and alters protein expression. Collectively we show the high potential of ZIF-C-based biocomposites as a promising general tool for gene therapy of different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneela Pyreddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Arpita Poddar
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Victoria 3350, Australia
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Billy Murdoch
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Zeyad Nasa
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - T Srinivasa Reddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Ravi Shukla
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
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7
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Attias Cohen S, Simaan-Yameen H, Fuoco C, Gargioli C, Seliktar D. Injectable hydrogel microspheres for sustained gene delivery of antisense oligonucleotides to restore the expression of dystrophin protein in duchenne muscular dystrophy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Abstract
Hydrogels are important structural and operative components of microfluidic systems, finding diverse utility in biological sample preparation and interrogation. One inherent challenge for integrating hydrogels into microfluidic tools is thermodynamic molecular partitioning, which reduces the in-gel concentration of molecular solutes (e.g., biomolecular regents), as compared to the solute concentration in an applied solution. Consequently, biomolecular reagent access to in-gel scaffolded biological samples (e.g., encapsulated cells, microbial cultures, target analytes) is adversely impacted in hydrogels. Further, biomolecular reagents are typically introduced to the hydrogel via diffusion. This passive process requires long incubation periods compared to active biomolecular delivery techniques. Electrotransfer is an active technique used in Western blots and other gel-based immunoassays that overcomes limitations of size exclusion (increasing the total probe mass delivered into gel) and expedites probe delivery, even in millimeter-thick slab gels. While compatible with conventional slab gels, electrotransfer has not been adapted to thin gels (50-250 μm thick), which are of great interest as components of open microfluidic devices (vs enclosed microchannel-based devices). Mechanically delicate, thin gels are often mounted on rigid support substrates (glass, plastic) that are electrically insulating. Consequently, to adapt electrotransfer to thin-gel devices, we replace rigid insulating support substrates with novel, mechanically robust, yet electrically conductive nanoporous membranes. We describe grafting nanoporous membranes to thin-polyacrylamide-gel layers via silanization, characterize the electrical conductivity of silane-treated nanoporous membranes, and report the dependence of in-gel immunoprobe concentration on transfer duration for passive diffusion and active electrotransfer. Alternative microdevice component layers─including the mechanically robust, electrically conductive nanoporous membranes reported here─provide new functionality for integration into an increasing array of open microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni P Mourdoukoutas
- The UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amy E Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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9
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Synthesis, physical and mechanical properties of amphiphilic hydrogels based on polycaprolactone and polyethylene glycol for bioapplications: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Wang Y, Bruggeman KF, Franks S, Gautam V, Hodgetts SI, Harvey AR, Williams RJ, Nisbet DR. Is Viral Vector Gene Delivery More Effective Using Biomaterials? Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001238. [PMID: 33191667 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery has been extensively investigated for introducing foreign genetic material into cells to promote expression of therapeutic proteins or to silence relevant genes. This approach can regulate genetic or epigenetic disorders, offering an attractive alternative to pharmacological therapy or invasive protein delivery options. However, the exciting potential of viral gene therapy has yet to be fully realized, with a number of clinical trials failing to deliver optimal therapeutic outcomes. Reasons for this include difficulty in achieving localized delivery, and subsequently lower efficacy at the target site, as well as poor or inconsistent transduction efficiency. Thus, ongoing efforts are focused on improving local viral delivery and enhancing its efficiency. Recently, biomaterials have been exploited as an option for more controlled, targeted and programmable gene delivery. There is a growing body of literature demonstrating the efficacy of biomaterials and their potential advantages over other delivery strategies. This review explores current limitations of gene delivery and the progress of biomaterial-mediated gene delivery. The combination of biomaterials and gene vectors holds the potential to surmount major challenges, including the uncontrolled release of viral vectors with random delivery duration, poorly localized viral delivery with associated off-target effects, limited viral tropism, and immune safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Kiara F. Bruggeman
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Stephanie Franks
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Vini Gautam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Stuart I. Hodgetts
- School of Human Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- School of Human Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Richard J. Williams
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT) School of Medicine Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3216 Australia
- Biofab3D St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy 3065 Australia
| | - David R. Nisbet
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Biofab3D St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy 3065 Australia
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11
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Osorno LL, Medina JDR, Maldonado DE, Mosley RJ, Byrne ME. Extended Release of Doxorubicin-Loaded 3DNA Nanocarriers from In-Situ Forming, Self-Assembled Hydrogels. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:447-457. [PMID: 32466697 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, resulting in over 30 million surgeries each year. These cases are expected to double within the next 10 years. About 25% of all patients develop secondary cataracts or posterior capsule opacification (PCO) postsurgery. PCO is a vision impairment disorder that develops from myofibroblasts migration and contraction that deforms the capsule surrounding the lens. Currently, Nd:YAG laser therapy is used to treat PCO; however, laser is not available worldwide and adverse side effects may arise. Thus, there is a considerable unmet need for more efficacious and convenient preventive treatments for PCO. Our work focuses on engineering an innovative, prophylactic sustained release platform for DNA-based nanocarriers to further reduce the incidence of PCO. Methods: Novel, optically clear, self-assembled poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) triblock copolymer hydrogels were used for the sustained release of the DNA-based nanocarriers (3DNA®) loaded with cytotoxic doxorubicin (DOX) and targeted with a monoclonal antibody called G8 (3DNA:DOX:G8), which is specific to cells responsible for PCO. Results: The 29 (w/v)% polymer hydrogels with the 3DNA nanocarriers presented over 80% of light transmittance, soft mechanical properties (<350 Pa), and sustained release for 1 month. Conclusions: In this work, we show for the first time that the hydrophobic PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogels can be used as platforms for sustained delivery of nucleic acid-based nanocarriers. This work demonstrates that polymeric formulations can be used for the extended delivery of ocular therapeutics and other macromolecules to treat a variety of ocular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Osorno
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jamie D R Medina
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Daniel E Maldonado
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Robert J Mosley
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mark E Byrne
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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12
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Harrison TD, Yunyaeva O, Borecki A, Hopkins CC, de Bruyn JR, Ragogna PJ, Gillies ER. Phosphonium Polyelectrolyte Complexes for the Encapsulation and Slow Release of Ionic Cargo. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:152-162. [PMID: 31502452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexation, the combination of anionically and cationically charged polymers through ionic interactions, can be used to form hydrogel networks. These networks can be used to encapsulate and release cargo, but the release of cargo is typically rapid, occurring over a period of hours to a few days and they often exhibit weak, fluid-like mechanical properties. Here we report the preparation and study of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) from sodium hyaluronate (HA) and poly[tris(hydroxypropyl)(4-vinylbenzyl)phosphonium chloride], poly[triphenyl(4-vinylbenzyl)phosphonium chloride], poly[tri(n-butyl)(4-vinylbenzyl)phosphonium chloride], or poly[triethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)phosphonium chloride]. The networks were compacted by ultracentrifugation, then their composition, swelling, rheological, and self-healing properties were studied. Their properties depended on the structure of the phosphonium polymer and the salt concentration, but in general, they exhibited predominantly gel-like behavior with relaxation times greater than 40 s and self-healing over 2-18 h. Anionic molecules, including fluorescein, diclofenac, and adenosine-5'-triphosphate, were encapsulated into the PECs with high loading capacities of up to 16 wt %. Fluorescein and diclofenac were slowly released over 60 days, which was attributed to a combination of hydrophobic and ionic interactions with the dense PEC network. The cytotoxicities of the polymers and their corresponding networks with HA to C2C12 mouse myoblast cells was investigated and found to depend on the structure of the polymer and the properties of the network. Overall, this work demonstrates the utility of polyphosphonium-HA networks for the loading and slow release of ionic drugs and that their physical and biological properties can be readily tuned according to the structure of the phosphonium polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan D Harrison
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Olga Yunyaeva
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Aneta Borecki
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Cameron C Hopkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 3K7
| | - John R de Bruyn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Paul J Ragogna
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Elizabeth R Gillies
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B7.,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , Ontario , Canada N6A 5B9
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13
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Prince DA, Villamagna IJ, Borecki A, Beier F, de Bruyn JR, Hurtig M, Gillies ER. Thermoresponsive and Covalently Cross-Linkable Hydrogels for Intra-Articular Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3498-3507. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Andrew Prince
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ian J. Villamagna
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Aneta Borecki
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Frank Beier
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3B7, Canada
| | - John R. de Bruyn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mark Hurtig
- Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
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14
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Wooster TJ, Acquistapace S, Mettraux C, Donato L, Dekkers BL. Hierarchically structured phase separated biopolymer hydrogels create tailorable delayed burst release during gastrointestinal digestion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:308-319. [PMID: 31212230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The on demand delivery of novel peptide actives, traditional pharmaceuticals, nutrients and/or vitamins is a ever present challenge due to the digestive and metabolic degradation of the active and the delivery vehicle. Biodegradable biopolymer hydrogels have long held promise as candidates for creating tailored release profiles due to the ability to control gel porosity. The present study describes the creation of novel hierarchical biopolymer hydrogels for the controlled release of lipids/lipophilic actives pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and mathematically describes the mechanisms that affect the timing of release. The creation of phase separated protein/polysaccharide core (6.6 wt% gelatin, 40 wt% Oil in water emulsion) shell structures (7 g/L xanthan with 70-140 g/L β-lactoglobulin) altered enzyme mass transport processes. This core shell structure enabled the creation of a tailorable burst release of API during gastrointestinal digestion where there is a delay in the onset of release, without affecting the kinetics of release. The timing of the delay could be readily programmed (with release of between 60 and 240 min) by controlling either the thickness or protein concentration (between 70 g/L and 140 g/L β-lactoglobulin) of the outer mixed biopolymer hydrogel shell (7 g/L xanthan with 70-140 g/L β-lactoglobulin). Enzyme diffusion measurements demonstrated that surface erosion was the main degradation mechanism. A kinetic model was created to describe the delayed burst release behaviour of APIs encapsulated within the core, and successfully predicted the influence of shell thickness and shell protein density on the timing of gastro-intestinal release (in vitro). Our work highlights the creation of a novel family of core-shell hydrogel oral dosage forms capable of programmable delivery of lipids/lipophilic APIs. These findings could have considerable implications for the delivery of peptides, poorly soluble drugs, or the programmed delivery of lipids within the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Wooster
- Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland.
| | - S Acquistapace
- Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland
| | - C Mettraux
- Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland
| | - L Donato
- Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland
| | - B L Dekkers
- Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland
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15
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Pannier AK, Kozisek T, Segura T. Surface- and Hydrogel-Mediated Delivery of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1943:177-197. [PMID: 30838617 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9092-4_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression within a cell population can be directly altered through gene delivery approaches. Traditionally for nonviral delivery, plasmids or siRNA molecules, encoding or targeting the gene of interest, are packaged within nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are then delivered to the media surrounding cells seeded onto tissue culture plastic; this technique is termed bolus delivery. Although bolus delivery is widely utilized to screen for efficient delivery vehicles and to study gene function in vitro, this delivery strategy may not result in efficient gene transfer for all cell types or may not identify those delivery vehicles that will be efficient in vivo. Furthermore, bolus delivery cannot be used in applications where patterning of gene expression is needed. In this chapter, we describe methods that incorporate material surfaces (i.e., surface-mediated delivery) or hydrogel scaffolds (i.e., hydrogel-mediated delivery) to efficiently deliver genes. This chapter includes protocols for surface-mediated DNA delivery focusing on the simplest and most effective methods, which include nonspecific immobilization of DNA complexes (both polymer and lipid vectors) onto serum-coated cell culture polystyrene and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols on gold. Also, protocols for the encapsulation of DNA/cationic polymer nanoparticles into hydrogel scaffolds are described, including methods for the encapsulation of low amounts of DNA (<0.2 μg/μl) and high amounts of DNA (>0.2 μg/μl) since incorporation of high amounts of DNA pose significant challenges due to aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Tyler Kozisek
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Neurology and Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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16
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Joddar B, Garcia E, Casas A, Stewart CM. Development of functionalized multi-walled carbon-nanotube-based alginate hydrogels for enabling biomimetic technologies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32456. [PMID: 27578567 PMCID: PMC5006027 DOI: 10.1038/srep32456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a hydrogel commonly used for cell culture by ionically crosslinking in the presence of divalent Ca(2+) ions. However these alginate gels are mechanically unstable, not permitting their use as scaffolds to engineer robust biological bone, breast, cardiac or tumor tissues. This issue can be addressed via encapsulation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) serving as a reinforcing phase while being dispersed in a continuous phase of alginate. We hypothesized that adding functionalized MWCNT to alginate, would yield composite gels with distinctively different mechanical, physical and biological characteristics in comparison to alginate alone. Resultant MWCNT-alginate gels were porous, and showed significantly less degradation after 14 days compared to alginate alone. In vitro cell-studies showed enhanced HeLa cell adhesion and proliferation on the MWCNT-alginate compared to alginate. The extent of cell proliferation was greater when cultured atop 1 and 3 mg/ml MWCNT-alginate; although all MWCNT-alginates lead to enhanced cell cluster formation compared to alginate alone. Among all the MWCNT-alginates, the 1 mg/ml gels showed significantly greater stiffness compared to all other cases. These results provide an important basis for the development of the MWCNT-alginates as novel substrates for cell culture applications, cell therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binata Joddar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Eduardo Garcia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Atzimba Casas
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Calvin M. Stewart
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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17
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Photoinitiated miniemulsion polymerization in microfluidic chips on automated liquid handling stations: Proof of concept. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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18
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Chen YT, Goudar VS, Wu RG, Hsieh HY, Yang CS, Chang HY, Lee GB, Ho CM, Tseng FG. A UV-sensitive hydrogel based combinatory drug delivery chip (UV gel-Drug Chip) for cancer cocktail drug screening. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosensitive PEGDA hydrogel based platform for high dynamic range testing of combinatorial cocktail drug screening by using FSC method for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ting Chen
- Engineering and System Science Dept
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Ren-Guei Wu
- Engineering and System Science Dept
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hsieh
- Engineering and System Science Dept
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Ho
- Mechanical Engineering Department
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Engineering and System Science Dept
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
- Applied Science Centre
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19
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Nguyen QV, Huynh DP, Park JH, Lee DS. Injectable polymeric hydrogels for the delivery of therapeutic agents: A review. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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20
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Medina SH, Li S, Howard OMZ, Dunlap M, Trivett A, Schneider JP, Oppenheim JJ. Enhanced immunostimulatory effects of DNA-encapsulated peptide hydrogels. Biomaterials 2015; 53:545-53. [PMID: 25890750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA that encodes tumor-specific antigens represents potential immunostimulatory agents. However, rapid enzymatic degradation and fragmentation of DNA during administration can result in limited vector expression and, consequently, poor efficacy. These challenges have necessitated the use of novel strategies for DNA delivery. Herein, we study the ability of cationic self-assembling peptide hydrogels to encapsulate plasmid DNA, and enhance its immunostimulatory potential in vivo. The effect of network charge on the gel's ability to retain the DNA was assessed employing three gel-forming peptides that vary systematically in formal charge. The peptide HLT2, having a formal charge of +5 at neutral pH, was optimal in encapsulating microgram quantities of DNA with little effect on its rheological properties, allowing its effective syringe delivery in vivo. The plasmid, DNA(TA), encapsulated within these gels encodes for a melanoma-specific gp100 antigen fused to the alarmin protein adjuvant HMGN1. Implantation of DNA(TA)-loaded HLT2 gels into mice resulted in an acute inflammatory response with the presence of polymorphonuclear cells, which was followed by infiltrating macrophages. These cellular infiltrates aid in the processing of encapsulated DNA, promoting increased lymphoproliferation and producing an enhanced immune response mediated by CD4+/IFNγ+ expressing Th1 cells, and complemented by the formation of gp100-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Medina
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sandra Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - O M Zack Howard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Micah Dunlap
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Anna Trivett
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Joel P Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Joost J Oppenheim
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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21
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Lee HJ, Sen A, Bae S, Lee JS, Webb K. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/hyaluronic acid semi-interpenetrating network compositions for 3-D cell spreading and migration. Acta Biomater 2015; 14:43-52. [PMID: 25523876 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To serve as artificial matrices for therapeutic cell transplantation, synthetic hydrogels must incorporate mechanisms enabling localized, cell-mediated degradation that allows cell spreading and migration. Previously, we have shown that hybrid semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) composed of hydrolytically degradable poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGdA), acrylate-PEG-GRGDS and native hyaluronic acid (HA) support increased cell spreading relative to fully synthetic networks that is dependent on cellular hyaluronidase activity. This study systematically investigated the effects of PEGdA/HA semi-IPN network composition on 3-D spreading of encapsulated fibroblasts, the underlying changes in gel structure responsible for this activity, and the ability of optimized gel formulations to support long-term cell survival and migration. Fibroblast spreading exhibited a biphasic response to HA concentration, required a minimum HA molecular weight, decreased with increasing PEGdA concentration and was independent of hydrolytic degradation at early time points. Increased gel turbidity was observed in semi-IPNs, but not in copolymerized hydrogels containing methacrylated HA, which did not support cell spreading. This suggests that there is an underlying mechanism of polymerization-induced phase separation that results in HA-enriched defects within the network structure. PEGdA/HA semi-IPNs were also able to support cell spreading at relatively high levels of mechanical properties (∼10kPa elastic modulus) compared to alternative hybrid hydrogels. In order to support long-term cellular remodeling, the degradation rate of the PEGdA component was optimized by preparing blends of three different PEGdA macromers with varying susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation. Optimized semi-IPN formulations supported long-term survival of encapsulated fibroblasts and sustained migration in a gel-within-gel encapsulation model. These results demonstrate that PEGdA/HA semi-IPNs provide dynamic microenvironments that can support 3-D cell survival, spreading and migration for a variety of cell therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Joon Lee
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Atanu Sen
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sooneon Bae
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jeoung Soo Lee
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ken Webb
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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22
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Akash MSH, Rehman K, Chen S. Pluronic F127-Based Thermosensitive Gels for Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins and Peptides. POLYM REV 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2014.927885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Schesny MK, Monaghan M, Bindermann AH, Freund D, Seifert M, Eble JA, Vogel S, Gawaz MP, Hinderer S, Schenke-Layland K. Preserved bioactivity and tunable release of a SDF1-GPVI bi-specific protein using photo-crosslinked PEGda hydrogels. Biomaterials 2014; 35:7180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Komabayashi T, Wadajkar A, Santimano S, Ahn C, Zhu Q, Opperman LA, Bellinger LL, Yang J, Nguyen KT. Preliminary study of light-cured hydrogel for endodontic drug delivery vehicle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:87-92. [PMID: 25048311 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Direct pulp capping is the treatment of an exposed vital pulp with a dental material to facilitate the formation of reparative dentin and maintenance of vital pulp. A bioengineered drug delivery vehicle has the potential to increase the success rate of pulp capping. The aim of this study was to develop an injectable and light-curing drug delivery vehicle for endodontic treatment including direct pulp capping. METHODS Polyethylene glycol-maleate-citrate (PEGMC) hydrogel was synthesized as a drug delivery vehicle that is composed of PEGMC (45% w/v), acrylic acid (AA) (5% w/v), 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) (0.1% w/v), and deionized water. The association between prehydrogel-solution volume and visible light-curing was examined. The cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was tested using L929 cells in a cell culture system. Ca(2+) release from the hydrogel was determined using calcium hydroxide as the incorporated medicine. RESULTS The results showed that the light-curing time for hydrogel is comparable to composite resin. The hydrogel had cell toxicity similar to adhesive systems. Moreover, controlled Ca(2+) release was obtained from the calcium hydroxide incorporated hydrogel. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that hydrogel should be explored further as a promising drug delivery vehicle for vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Komabayashi
- Department of Endodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Aniket Wadajkar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Sonia Santimano
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Chul Ahn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Division of Endodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lynn A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Larry L Bellinger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, USA
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25
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Emdadi L, Luciani CV, Lee SY, Baick IH, Choi KY. Experimental and theoretical study of the reaction locus during the dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate in a nonpolar hydrocarbon solvent at low temperature. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Jang JH, Houchin TL, Shea LD. Gene delivery from polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 1:127-38. [PMID: 16293016 DOI: 10.1586/17434440.1.1.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The combination of gene therapy with tissue engineering offers the potential to direct progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation into functional tissue replacements. Many approaches to engineering tissue replacements feature a polymer scaffold to create and maintain a space, support cell adhesion, and organize tissue formation. Polymer scaffolds, either natural, synthetic, or a combination of the two, have also been adapted to serve as delivery vehicles for viral and nonviral vectors, which can induce the expression of tissue inductive factors. Gene delivery is a versatile approach, capable of targeting any cellular process through localized expression of tissue inductive factors. The design and application of tissue engineering scaffolds for localized gene transfer are reviewed. Scaffolds are designed either to release the vector into the local tissue environment or maintain the vector at the polymer surface, which is regulated by the effective affinity of the vector for the polymer. Polymeric delivery can enhance gene transfer locally, promote and extend transgene expression, avoid vector distribution to distant tissues, and reduce the immune response to the vector. Scaffolds capable of controlled DNA delivery can provide a fundamental tool for directing progenitor cell function, which has applications with the engineering of numerous types of tissue. The utility of this approach will increase with the development of design parameters that correlate release and transgene expression, and with continued research into the biology of tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd E156 Evanston, IL 60208-3120, USA
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27
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Zhu C, Kustra SR, Bettinger CJ. Photocrosslinkable biodegradable elastomers based on cinnamate-functionalized polyesters. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7362-70. [PMID: 23567941 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic biodegradable elastomers are an emerging class of materials that play a critical role in supporting innovations in bioabsorbable medical implants. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of poly(glycerol-co-sebacate)-cinnamate (PGS-CinA), a biodegradable elastomer based on hyperbranched polyesters derivatized with pendant cinnamate groups. PGS-CinA can be prepared via photodimerization in the absence of photoinitiators using monomers that are found in common foods. The resulting network exhibits a Young's modulus of 50.5-152.1kPa and a projected in vitro degradation half-life time between 90 and 140days. PGS-CinA elastomers are intrinsically cell-adherent and support rapid proliferation of fibroblasts. Spreading and proliferation of fibroblasts are loosely governed by the substrate stiffness within the range of Young's moduli in PGS-CinA networks that were prepared. The thermo-mechanical properties, biodegradability and intrinsic support of cell attachment and proliferation suggest that PGS-CinA networks are broadly applicable for use in next generation bioabsorable materials including temporary medical devices and scaffolds for soft tissue engineering.
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28
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Chao D, Rong W, Wei C, Feng-hua M, Ru C, Zhi-yuan Z. DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF RAPIDLY PHOTO-CROSSLINKABLE BIOACTIVE BIODEGRADABLE HYDROGELS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Tibbitt MW, Kloxin AM, Sawicki L, Anseth KS. Mechanical Properties and Degradation of Chain and Step Polymerized Photodegradable Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2013; 46. [PMID: 24496435 PMCID: PMC3652617 DOI: 10.1021/ma302522x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The relationship between polymeric
hydrogel microstructure and
macroscopic properties is of specific interest to the materials science
and polymer science communities for the rational design of materials
for targeted applications. Specifically, research has focused on elucidating
the role of network formation and connectivity on mechanical integrity
and degradation behavior. Here, we compared the mechanical properties
of chain- and step-polymerized, photodegradable hydrogels. Increased
ductility, tensile toughness, and shear strain to yield were observed
in step-polymerized hydrogels, as compared to the chain-polymerized
gels, indicating that increased homogeneity and network cooperativity
in the gel backbone improves mechanical integrity. Furthermore, the
ability to degrade the hydrogels in a controlled fashion with light
was exploited to explore how hydrogel microstructure influences photodegradation
and erosion. Here, the decreased network connectivity at the junction
points in the step-polymerized gels resulted in more rapid erosion.
Finally, a relationship between the reverse gelation threshold and
erosion rate was developed for the general class of photodegradable
hydrogels. In all, these studies further elucidate the relationship
between hydrogel formation and microarchitecture with macroscale behavior
to facilitate the future design of polymer networks and degradable
hydrogels, as well as photoresponsive materials such as cell culture
templates, drug delivery vehicles, responsive coatings, and anisotropic
materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Tibbitt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303 ; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303
| | - April M Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303 ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303
| | - Lisa Sawicki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303 ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303 ; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303
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30
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Abstract
Gene expression within a cell population can be directly altered through gene delivery approaches. Traditionally for nonviral delivery, plasmids or siRNA molecules, encoding or targeting the gene of interest, are packaged within nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are then delivered to the media surrounding cells seeded onto tissue culture plastic; this technique is termed bolus delivery. Although bolus delivery is widely utilized to screen for efficient delivery vehicles and to study gene function in vitro, this delivery strategy may not result in efficient gene transfer for all cell types or may not identify those delivery vehicles that will be efficient in vivo. Furthermore, bolus delivery cannot be used in applications where patterning of gene expression is needed. In this chapter, we describe methods that incorporate material surfaces (i.e., surface-mediated delivery) or hydrogel scaffolds (i.e., hydrogel-mediated delivery) to efficiently deliver genes. This chapter includes protocols for surface-mediated DNA delivery focusing on the simplest and most effective methods, which include nonspecific immobilization of DNA complexes (both polymer and lipid vectors) onto serum-coated cell culture polystyrene and self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on gold. Also, protocols for the encapsulation of DNA/cationic polymer nanoparticles into hydrogel scaffolds are described, including methods for the encapsulation of low amounts of DNA (<0.2 μg/μL) and high amounts of DNA (>0.2 μg/μL) since incorporation of high amounts of DNA poses significant challenges due to aggregation.
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31
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Solaro R, Alderighi M, Barsotti MC, Battisti A, Cifelli M, Losi P, Di Stefano R, Ghezzi L, Tiné MR. Chemical–physical and in vivo evaluations of a self-assembling amphiphilic peptide as an injectable hydrogel scaffold for biomedical applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911512467222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The self-aggregation and gelation of an amphiphilic peptide (C17H35CONH–A4G3ERGD, peptide amphiphile) were studied by light scattering, viscometry, nuclear magnetic resonance diffusometry, and atomic force microscopy. The peptide amphiphile critical aggregation concentration was evaluated to be 16 and 60 µM by light scattering and viscometry, respectively. The observed difference was attributed to the larger sensitivity of the latter technique to the presence of long fibrils. The addition of one equivalent or more of divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) to peptide amphiphile formed dense incoherent hydrogels. Based on the atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation data, both the hydrogel morphology and stiffness were independent of the cation type and peptide amphiphile concentration. However, gel stiffness increased on increasing Ca2+/peptide amphiphile molar ratio while a parallel decrease in the apparent water diffusion rate was observed by nuclear magnetic resonance diffusometry. The dispersions of endothelial progenitor cells in the peptide amphiphile hydrogels were evaluated in vivo on a rat tissue hypoxia model. Significant capillary formation at the injection site was observed by tissue appearance and histological examination, which indicated endothelial progenitor cell/peptide amphiphile hydrogel-enhanced angiogenesis in ischemic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Solaro
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Alderighi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria C Barsotti
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Battisti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Cifelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Losi
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Graft Technology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Massa, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Stefano
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lisa Ghezzi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria R Tiné
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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32
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Design and characterization of microporous hyaluronic acid hydrogels for in vitro gene transfer to mMSCs. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3921-31. [PMID: 22820309 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effective and sustained delivery of DNA locally could increase the applicability of gene therapy in tissue regeneration and therapeutic angiogenesis. One promising approach is to use porous hydrogel scaffolds to encapsulate and deliver nucleotides in the form of nanoparticles to the affected sites. We have designed and characterized microporous (μ-pore) hyaluronic acid hydrogels which allow for effective cell seeding in vitro post-scaffold fabrication and allow for cell spreading and proliferation without requiring high levels of degradation. These factors, coupled with high loading efficiency of DNA polyplexes using a previously developed caged nanoparticle encapsulation (CnE) technique, then allowed for long-term sustained transfection and transgene expression of incorporated mMSCs. In this study, we examined the effect of pore size on gene transfer efficiency and the kinetics of transgene expression. For all investigated pore sizes (30, 60, and 100 μm), encapsulated DNA polyplexes were released steadily, starting by day 4 for up to 10 days. Likewise, transgene expression was sustained over this period, although significant differences between different pore sizes were not observed. Cell viability was also shown to remain high over time, even in the presence of high concentrations of DNA polyplexes. The knowledge acquired through this in vitro model can be utilized to design and better predict scaffold-mediated gene delivery for local gene therapy in an in vivo model where host cells infiltrate the scaffold over time.
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33
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Local delivery of small and large biomolecules in craniomaxillofacial bone. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1152-64. [PMID: 22429663 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Current state of the art reconstruction of bony defects in the craniomaxillofacial (CMF) area involves transplantation of autogenous or allogenous bone grafts. However, the inherent drawbacks of this approach strongly urge clinicians and researchers to explore alternative treatment options. Currently, a wide interest exists in local delivery of biomolecules from synthetic biomaterials for CMF bone regeneration, in which small biomolecules are rapidly emerging in recent years as an interesting adjunct for upgrading the clinical treatment of CMF bone regeneration under compromised healing conditions. This review highlights recent advances in the local delivery small and large biomolecules for the clinical treatment of CMF bone defects. Further, it provides a perspective on the efficacy of biomolecule delivery in CMF bone regeneration by reviewing presently available reports of pre-clinical studies using various animal models.
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McCall J, Anseth KS. Thiol-ene photopolymerizations provide a facile method to encapsulate proteins and maintain their bioactivity. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2410-7. [PMID: 22741550 PMCID: PMC3421966 DOI: 10.1021/bm300671s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photoinitiated polymerization remains a robust method for fabrication of hydrogels, as these reactions allow facile spatial and temporal control of gelation and high compatibility for encapsulation of cells and biologics. The chain-growth reaction of macromolecular monomers, such as acrylated PEG and hyaluronan, is commonly used to form hydrogels, but there is growing interest in step-growth photopolymerizations, such as the thiol-ene "click" reaction, as an alternative. Thiol-ene reactions are not susceptible to oxygen inhibition and rapidly form hydrogels using low initiator concentrations. In this work, we characterize the differences in recovery of bioactive proteins when exposed to similar photoinitiation conditions during thiol-ene versus acrylate polymerizations. Following exposure to chain polymerization of acrylates, lysozyme bioactivity was approximately 50%; after step-growth thiol-ene reaction, lysozyme retained nearly 100% of its prereaction activity. Bioactive protein recovery was enhanced 1000-fold in the presence of a thiol-ene reaction, relative to recovery from solutions containing identical primary radical concentrations, but without the thiol-ene components. When the cytokine TGFβ was encapsulated in PEG hydrogels formed via the thiol-ene reaction, full protein bioactivity was preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua
D. McCall
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and the BioFrontiers
Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80303, United States
| | - Kristi S. Anseth
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering and the BioFrontiers
Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80303, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80303, United States
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35
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Hydrogel macroporosity and the prolongation of transgene expression and the enhancement of angiogenesis. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7412-21. [PMID: 22800542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The utility of hydrogels for regenerative medicine can be improved through localized gene delivery to enhance their bioactivity. However, current systems typically lead to low-level transgene expression located in host tissue surrounding the implant. Herein, we investigated the inclusion of macropores into hydrogels to facilitate cell ingrowth and enhance gene delivery within the macropores in vivo. Macropores were created within PEG hydrogels by gelation around gelatin microspheres, with gelatin subsequently dissolved by incubation at 37 °C. The macropores were interconnected, as evidenced by homogeneous cell seeding in vitro and complete cell infiltration in vivo. Lentivirus loaded within hydrogels following gelation retained its activity relative to the unencapsulated control virus. In vivo, macroporous PEG demonstrated sustained, elevated levels of transgene expression for 6 weeks, while hydrogels without macropores had transient expression. Transduced cells were located throughout the macroporous structure, while non-macroporous PEG hydrogels had transduction only in the adjacent host tissue. Delivery of lentivirus encoding for VEGF increased vascularization relative to the control, with vessels throughout the macropores of the hydrogel. The inclusion of macropores within the hydrogel to enhance cell infiltration enhances transduction and influences tissue development, which has implications for multiple regenerative medicine applications.
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36
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Hydrogels as drug-delivery platforms: physicochemical barriers and solutions. Ther Deliv 2012; 3:775-86. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.12.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of hydrogels, in particular their high biocompatibility and water sorption uptake, make hydrogels very attractive in drug delivery and biomedical devices. These favorable features of hydrogels are compromised by certain structural limitations such as those associated with their low mechanical strength in the swollen state. This review highlights the most important challenges that may seriously affect the practical implementation of hydrogels in clinical practice and the solutions that may be applied to overcome these limitations.
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37
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Zhang B, Jia F, Fleming MQ, Mallapragada SK. Injectable self-assembled block copolymers for sustained gene and drug co-delivery: An in vitro study. Int J Pharm 2012; 427:88-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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38
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Photo-Crosslinked Biodegradable Hydrogels Prepared From Fumaric Acid Monoethyl Ester-Functionalized Oligomers for Protein Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:692-702. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Shepard JA, Stevans AC, Holland S, Wang CE, Shikanov A, Shea LD. Hydrogel design for supporting neurite outgrowth and promoting gene delivery to maximize neurite extension. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 109:830-9. [PMID: 22038654 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels capable of gene delivery provide a combinatorial approach for nerve regeneration, with the hydrogel supporting neurite outgrowth and gene delivery inducing the expression of inductive factors. This report investigates the design of hydrogels that balance the requirements for supporting neurite growth with those requirements for promoting gene delivery. Enzymatically-degradable PEG hydrogels encapsulating dorsal root ganglia explants, fibroblasts, and lipoplexes encoding nerve growth factor were gelled within channels that can physically guide neurite outgrowth. Transfection of fibroblasts increased with increasing concentration of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) cell adhesion sites and decreasing PEG content. The neurite length increased with increasing RGD concentration within 10% PEG hydrogels, yet was maximal within 7.5% PEG hydrogels at intermediate RGD levels. Delivering lipoplexes within the gel produced longer neurites than culture in NGF-supplemented media or co-culture with cells exposed to DNA prior to encapsulation. Hydrogels designed to support neurite outgrowth and deliver gene therapy vectors locally may ultimately be employed to address multiple barriers that limit regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A Shepard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E136, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3120, USA
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40
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Hydrogel-electrospun fiber composite materials for hydrophilic protein release. J Control Release 2011; 158:165-70. [PMID: 22001869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although hydrogels are widely used in controlled-release systems, obtaining extended, uniform drug release with little initial burst has been challenging. However, recently researchers have shown that combining hydrogels with another drug delivery material can dramatically improve release kinetics. Here we describe a novel hydrogel-based composite material that exhibits stable, near-linear, sustained release of a model hydrophilic protein (e.g., bovine albumin serum, BSA) for over two months with a significant reduction in initial burst release (7% vs. 20%). The composite is comprised of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun fiber mats coupled with poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) diacrylate (PEGPCL) hydrogels through photo-polymerization. It is believed that the additional diffusion barrier provided by hydrophobic electrospun fiber mats reduces hydrogel swelling and water penetration rates and increases the diffusion path length, resulting in delayed, more uniform drug release. Further, released proteins remain bioactive as demonstrated by PC12 cell neurite extension in response to released nerve growth factor (NGF). The use of electrospun fiber mats to modulate hydrogel drug release provides a new method to control release kinetics of hydrophilic proteins, reducing burst release and extending the release duration.
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41
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Li CY, Wood DK, Hsu CM, Bhatia SN. DNA-templated assembly of droplet-derived PEG microtissues. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:2967-75. [PMID: 21776518 PMCID: PMC3399244 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20318e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Patterning multiple cell types is a critical step for engineering functional tissues, but few methods provide three-dimensional positioning at the cellular length scale. Here, we present a "bottom-up" approach for fabricating multicellular tissue constructs that utilizes DNA-templated assembly of 3D cell-laden hydrogel microtissues. A flow focusing-generated emulsion of photopolymerizable prepolymer is used to produce 100 μm monodisperse microtissues at a rate of 100 Hz (10(5) h(-1)). Multiple cell types, including suspension and adherently cultured cells, can be encapsulated into the microtissues with high viability (~97%). We then use a DNA coding scheme to self-assemble microtissues "bottom-up" from a template that is defined using "top-down" techniques. The microtissues are derivatized with single-stranded DNA using a biotin-streptavidin linkage to the polymer network, and are assembled by sequence-specific hybridization onto spotted DNA microarrays. Using orthogonal DNA codes, we achieve multiplexed patterning of multiple microtissue types with high binding efficiency and >90% patterning specificity. Finally, we demonstrate the ability to organize multicomponent constructs composed of epithelial and mesenchymal microtissues while preserving each cell type in a 3D microenvironment. The combination of high throughput microtissue generation with scalable surface-templated assembly offers the potential to dissect mechanisms of cell-cell interaction in three dimensions in healthy and diseased states, as well as provides a framework for templated assembly of larger structures for implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheri Y Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
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42
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Novel supramolecular gelation route to in situ entrapment and sustained delivery of plasmid DNA. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 364:566-73. [PMID: 21925676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, cationic block copolymer (F-68-PLL) composed of Pluronic F-68 and poly(L-lysine) segments was first prepared for the binding with plasmid DNA due to the electrostatic interaction between poly(L-lysine) segments and plasmid DNA, and subsequently used to interact with α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) in aqueous system for the supramolecular gelation by the inclusion complexation between Pluronic F-68 segments and α-CD. It was found that such a fabrication process could lead to the in situ entrapment of plasmid DNA into the supramolecular hydrogel matrix under mild conditions. Depending on the amounts of F-68-PLL and α-CD, the resultant hybrid hydrogel was found to have adjustable gelation time and mechanical strength. For the plasmid DNA complexes released from the supramolecular hydrogel, controlled release and sustained gene transfection were confirmed.
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43
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Gojgini S, Tokatlian T, Segura T. Utilizing cell-matrix interactions to modulate gene transfer to stem cells inside hyaluronic acid hydrogels. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1582-91. [PMID: 21823632 DOI: 10.1021/mp200171d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effective delivery of DNA locally would increase the applicability of gene therapy in tissue regeneration, where diseased tissue is to be repaired in situ. One promising approach is to use hydrogel scaffolds to encapsulate and deliver plasmid DNA in the form of nanoparticles to the diseased tissue, so that cells infiltrating the scaffold are transfected to induce regeneration. This study focuses on the design of a DNA nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel scaffold. In particular, this study focuses on understanding how cell-matrix interactions affect gene transfer to adult stem cells cultured inside matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds. HA was cross-linked to form a hydrogel material using a MMP degradable peptide and Michael addition chemistry. Gene transfer inside these hydrogel materials was assessed as a function of polyplex nitrogen to phosphate ratio (N/P = 5 to 12), matrix stiffness (100-1700 Pa), RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) concentration (10-400 μM), and RGD presentation (0.2-4.7 RGDs per HA molecule). All variables were found to affect gene transfer to mouse mensenchymal stem cells culture inside the DNA loaded hydrogels. As expected, higher N/P ratios lead to higher gene transfer efficiency but also higher toxicity; softer hydrogels resulted in higher transgene expression than stiffer hydrogels, and an intermediate RGD concentration and RGD clustering resulted in higher transgene expression. We believe that the knowledge gained through this in vitro model can be utilized to design better scaffold-mediated gene delivery for local gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Gojgini
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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44
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Shepard JA, Wesson PJ, Wang CE, Stevans AC, Holland SJ, Shikanov A, Grzybowski BA, Shea LD. Gene therapy vectors with enhanced transfection based on hydrogels modified with affinity peptides. Biomaterials 2011; 32:5092-9. [PMID: 21514659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative strategies for damaged tissue aim to present biochemical cues that recruit and direct progenitor cell migration and differentiation. Hydrogels capable of localized gene delivery are being developed to provide a support for tissue growth, and as a versatile method to induce the expression of inductive proteins; however, the duration, level, and localization of expression is often insufficient for regeneration. We thus investigated the modification of hydrogels with affinity peptides to enhance vector retention and increase transfection within the matrix. PEG hydrogels were modified with lysine-based repeats (K4, K8), which retained approximately 25% more vector than control peptides. Transfection increased 5- to 15-fold with K8 and K4 respectively, over the RDG control peptide. K8- and K4-modified hydrogels bound similar quantities of vector, yet the vector dissociation rate was reduced for K8, suggesting excessive binding that limited transfection. These hydrogels were subsequently applied to an in vitro co-culture model to induce NGF expression and promote neurite outgrowth. K4-modified hydrogels promoted maximal neurite outgrowth, likely due to retention of both the vector and the NGF. Thus, hydrogels modified with affinity peptides enhanced vector retention and increased gene delivery, and these hydrogels may provide a versatile scaffold for numerous regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A Shepard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E136, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
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45
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Kita K, Dittrich C. Drug delivery vehicles with improved encapsulation efficiency: taking advantage of specific drug–carrier interactions. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:329-42. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.553216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Lei Y, Rahim M, Ng Q, Segura T. Hyaluronic acid and fibrin hydrogels with concentrated DNA/PEI polyplexes for local gene delivery. J Control Release 2011; 153:255-61. [PMID: 21295089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Local delivery of DNA through a hydrogel scaffold would increase the applicability of gene therapy in tissue regeneration and cancer therapy. However, the delivery of DNA/cationic polymer nanoparticles (polyplexes) using hydrogels is challenging due to the aggregation and inactivation of polyplexes during their incorporation into hydrogel scaffolds. We developed a novel process (termed caged nanoparticle encapsulation or CnE) to load concentrated and unaggregated non-viral gene delivery nanoparticles into various hydrogels. Previously, we showed that PEG hydrogels loaded with DNA/PEI polyplexes through this process were able to deliver genes both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that hyaluronic acid and fibrin hydrogels with concentrated and unaggregated polyplexes loaded through CnE were able to deliver genes in vivo as well, demonstrating the universality of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, BH5531, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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47
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48
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Lei Y, Ng QKT, Segura T. Two and three-dimensional gene transfer from enzymatically degradable hydrogel scaffolds. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 73:910-7. [PMID: 20232458 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to genetically modify mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded inside synthetic hydrogel scaffolds would offer an alternative approach to guide MSC differentiation. In this report, we explored gene transfer to MSCs seeded on top or inside matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable hydrogels that were loaded with DNA/poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) polyplexes. DNA/PEI polyplexes were encapsulated inside poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels crosslinked with MMP degradable peptides via Michael Addition chemistry. Gene transfer was visualized and quantified through using a vector encoding for green fluorescent protein and luciferase. We found that gene transfer to MSCs was possible for cells seeded both in two and three dimensions. The amount of luciferase expression was similar for cells seeded in two and three dimensions even though the number of cells in three dimensions is significantly higher, indicating that gene transfer to cells seeded in two dimensions is more efficient than for cells seeded in three dimensions. The use of hydrogel scaffolds that allow cellular infiltration to deliver DNA may result in long-lasting signals in vivo, which are essential for the regeneration of functional tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Lei
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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49
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Rickett TA, Amoozgar Z, Tuchek CA, Park J, Yeo Y, Shi R. Rapidly photo-cross-linkable chitosan hydrogel for peripheral neurosurgeries. Biomacromolecules 2010; 12:57-65. [PMID: 21128673 DOI: 10.1021/bm101004r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Restoring continuity to severed peripheral nerves is crucial to regeneration and enables functional recovery. However, the two most common agents for coaptation, sutures and fibrin glues, have drawbacks such as inflammation, pathogenesis, and dehiscence. Chitosan-based adhesives are a promising alternative, reported to have good cytocompatibility and favorable immunogenicity. A photo-cross-linkable hydrogel based on chitosan is proposed as a new adhesive for peripheral nerve anastomosis. Two Az-chitosans were synthesized by conjugating 4-azidobenzoic acid with low (LMW, 15 kDa) and high (HMW, 50-190 kDa) molecular weight chitosans. These solutions formed a hydrogel in less than 1 min under UV light. The LMW Az-chitosan was more tightly cross-linked than the HMW variant, undergoing significantly less swelling and possessing a higher rheological storage modulus, and both Az-chitosan gels were stiffer than commercial fibrin glue. Severed nerves repaired by Az-chitosan adhesives tolerated longitudinal forces comparable or superior to fibrin glue. Adhesive exposure to intact nerves and neural cell culture showed both Az-chitosans to be nontoxic in the acute (minutes) and chronic (days) time frames. These results demonstrate that Az-chitosan hydrogels are cytocompatible and mechanically suitable for use as bioadhesives in peripheral neurosurgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Rickett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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50
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Park H, Guo X, Temenoff JS, Tabata Y, Caplan AI, Kasper FK, Mikos AG. Effect of swelling ratio of injectable hydrogel composites on chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated rabbit marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Biomacromolecules 2010; 10:541-6. [PMID: 19173557 DOI: 10.1021/bm801197m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An injectable, biodegradable hydrogel composite of oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) and gelatin microparticles (MPs) has been investigated as a cell and growth factor carrier for cartilage tissue engineering applications. In this study, hydrogel composites with different swelling ratios were prepared by cross-linking OPF macromers with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) repeating units of varying molecular weights from 1000 approximately 35000. Rabbit marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MPs loaded with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) were encapsulated in the hydrogel composites to examine the effect of the swelling ratio of the hydrogel composites on the chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated rabbit marrow MSCs both in the presence and in the absence of TGF-beta1. The swelling ratio of the hydrogel composites increased as the PEG molecular weight in the OPF macromers increased. Chondrocyte-specific genes were expressed at higher levels in groups containing TGF-beta1-loaded MPs and varied with the swelling ratio of the hydrogel composites. OPF hydrogel composites with PEG repeating units of molecular weight 35000 and 10000 with TGF-beta1-loaded MPs exhibited a 159 +/- 95- and a 89 +/- 31-fold increase in type II collagen gene expression at day 28, respectively, while OPF hydrogel composites with PEG repeating units of molecular weight 3000 and 1000 with TGF-beta1-loaded MPs showed a 27 +/- 10- and a 17 +/- 7-fold increase in type II collagen gene expression, respectively, as compared to the composites with blank MPs at day 0. The results indicate that chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated rabbit marrow MSCs within OPF hydrogel composites could be affected by their swelling ratio, thus suggesting the potential of OPF composite hydrogels as part of a novel strategy for controlling the differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansoo Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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