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Testa S, Haabeth OAW, Blake TR, Del Castillo TJ, Czerwinski DK, Rajapaksa R, Wender PA, Waymouth RM, Levy R. Fingolimod-Conjugated Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters Efficiently and Specifically Deliver mRNA to Lymphocytes In Vivo and In Vitro. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2976-2988. [PMID: 35748182 PMCID: PMC10199726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Charge-altering releasable transporters (CARTs) are a class of oligonucleotide delivery vehicles shown to be effective for delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we exploited the chemical versatility of the CART synthesis to generate CARTs containing the small-molecule drug fingolimod (FTY720) as a strategy to increase mRNA delivery and expression in lymphocytes through a specific ligand-receptor interaction. Fingolimod is an FDA-approved small-molecule drug that, upon in vivo phosphorylation, binds to the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), which is highly expressed on lymphocytes. Compared to its non-fingolimod-conjugated analogue, the fingolimod-conjugated CART achieved superior transfection of activated human and murine T and B lymphocytes in vitro. The higher transfection of the fingolimod-conjugated CARTs was lost when cells were exposed to a free fingolimod before transfection. In vivo, the fingolimod-conjugated CART showed increased mRNA delivery to marginal zone B cells and NK cells in the spleen, relative to CARTs lacking fingolimod. Moreover, fingolimod-CART-mediated mRNA delivery induces peripheral blood T-cell depletion similar to free fingolimod. Thus, we show that functionalization of CARTs with a pharmacologically validated small molecule can increase transfection of a cellular population of interest while conferring some of the targeting properties of the conjugated small molecule to the CARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Testa
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ole A W Haabeth
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Timothy R Blake
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Trevor J Del Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Debra K Czerwinski
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ranjani Rajapaksa
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ronald Levy
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Ci T, Zhang W, Qiao Y, Li H, Zang J, Li H, Feng N, Gu Z. Delivery strategies in treatments of leukemia. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2121-2144. [PMID: 35188506 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00755f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is a hematological malignancy associated with the uncontrolled proliferation of mutant progenitors, suppressing the production of normal blood cells. Current treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, still lead to unsatisfactory results with a 5 year survival rate of only 30-50%. The poor prognosis is related to both disease relapse and treatment-associated toxicity. Delivery strategies can improve the in vivo pharmacokinetics of drugs, navigating the therapeutics to target cells or the tumor microenvironment and reversing drug resistance, which maximizes tumor elimination and alleviates systematic adverse effects. This review discusses available FDA-approved anti-leukemia drugs and therapies with a focus on the advances in the development of anti-leukemia drug delivery systems. Additionally, challenges in clinical translation of the delivery strategies and future research opportunities in leukemia treatment are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Ci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yingyu Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Huangjuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Jing Zang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hongjun Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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3
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Liu X, Dong S, Dong M, Li Y, Sun Z, Zhang X, Wang Y, Teng L, Wang D. Transferrin-conjugated liposomes loaded with carnosic acid inhibit liver cancer growth by inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:121034. [PMID: 34425193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have proven that carnosic acid (CA) induces apoptosis of liver cancer cells. However, the poor chemical properties of CA limit its in vivo anti-cancer effects. In this study, CA was loaded into liposomes (LP-CA), and LP-CA was further conjugated with transferrin (Tf-LP-CA) to overcome the shortcomings of poor solubility and absorption at the lesion site. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, compared with CA and LP-CA, more Tf-LP-CA was absorbed by liver cancer cells, which induced higher levels of apoptosis and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential more effectively. In HepG2- and SMMC-7721-xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-CA inhibited tumor growth with no cytotoxicity to the liver, spleen, or kidney. Furthermore, compared with CA and LP-CA, Tf-LP-CA targeted the tumor site more effectively, enhanced the expressions of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and Caspase-3 and -9, and regulated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) family members in the tumor tissues. Tf-LP-CA was taken up by tumor cells and targeted at tumor tissues, ensuring the precise delivery of CA, which further promoted mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis in the liver cancer cells. These results provide evidence for the clinical application of the Tf-LP-based CA drug delivery system for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Shiyan Dong
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Mingyuan Dong
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zhen Sun
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yingwu Wang
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Lesheng Teng
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Shcool of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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4
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Yang A, Sun Z, Liu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Qiu Y, Zhang X. Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress. Front Oncol 2021; 11:727605. [PMID: 34513705 PMCID: PMC8427311 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.727605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is one of the most malignant human cancers, with few treatments and a poor prognosis. Erianin (ERN) is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been reported to have numerous excellent effects against liver cancer in experimental systems. However, its application in vivo has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and numerous off-target effects. This study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ERN by developing novel ERN-loaded tumor-targeting nanoparticles. Results In this study, ERN was loaded into liposomes by ethanol injection (LP-ERN), and the resulting LP-ERN nanoparticles were treated with transferrin to form Tf-LP-ERN to improve the solubility and enhance the tumor-targeting of ERN. LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles had smooth surfaces and a uniform particle size, with particle diameters of 62.60 nm and 88.63 nm, respectively. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, Tf-LP-ERN induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potentials and increased ERN uptake more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN. In xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-ERN inhibited tumor growth, but had a minimal effect on body weight and organ morphology. In addition, Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles targeted tumors more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles, and in tumor tissues Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles promoted the cleavage PARP-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increased the expression levels of Bax, Bad, PUMA, and reduced the expression level of Bcl-2. Moreover, in the spleen of heterotopic tumor model BALB/c mice, ERN, LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD-1 and SOD-2, but reduced the expression levels of P-IKKα+β and P-NF-κB, with Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles being most effective in this regard. Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles also regulated the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL11 in serum. Conclusion Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-liver cancer activity in vivo and in vitro by inducing cellular apoptosis, exhibiting immunoregulatory actions, and targeting tumor tissues, and did so more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles. These results suggest that the clinical utility of a Tf-conjugated LP ERN-delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer warrants exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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5
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Yang A, Sun Z, Liu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Qiu Y, Zhang X. Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress. Front Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.727605
expr 862146617 + 836050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLiver cancer is one of the most malignant human cancers, with few treatments and a poor prognosis. Erianin (ERN) is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been reported to have numerous excellent effects against liver cancer in experimental systems. However, its application in vivo has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and numerous off-target effects. This study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ERN by developing novel ERN-loaded tumor-targeting nanoparticles.ResultsIn this study, ERN was loaded into liposomes by ethanol injection (LP-ERN), and the resulting LP-ERN nanoparticles were treated with transferrin to form Tf-LP-ERN to improve the solubility and enhance the tumor-targeting of ERN. LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles had smooth surfaces and a uniform particle size, with particle diameters of 62.60 nm and 88.63 nm, respectively. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, Tf-LP-ERN induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potentials and increased ERN uptake more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN. In xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-ERN inhibited tumor growth, but had a minimal effect on body weight and organ morphology. In addition, Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles targeted tumors more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles, and in tumor tissues Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles promoted the cleavage PARP-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increased the expression levels of Bax, Bad, PUMA, and reduced the expression level of Bcl-2. Moreover, in the spleen of heterotopic tumor model BALB/c mice, ERN, LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD-1 and SOD-2, but reduced the expression levels of P-IKKα+β and P-NF-κB, with Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles being most effective in this regard. Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles also regulated the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL11 in serum.ConclusionTf-LP-ERN nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-liver cancer activity in vivo and in vitro by inducing cellular apoptosis, exhibiting immunoregulatory actions, and targeting tumor tissues, and did so more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles. These results suggest that the clinical utility of a Tf-conjugated LP ERN-delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer warrants exploration.
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6
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Scheeren LE, Nogueira-Librelotto DR, Mathes D, Pillat MM, Macedo LB, Mitjans M, Vinardell MP, Rolim CMB. Multifunctional PLGA nanoparticles combining transferrin-targetability and pH-stimuli sensitivity enhanced doxorubicin intracellular delivery and in vitro antineoplastic activity in MDR tumor cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 75:105192. [PMID: 33984456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery aims to enhance cellular uptake and improve therapeutic outcome with higher disease specificity. The expression of transferrin receptor (TfR) is upregulated on tumor cells, which make the protein Tf and its receptor vastly relevant when applied to targeting strategies. Here, we proposed Tf-decorated pH-sensitive PLGA nanoparticles containing the chemosensitizer poloxamer as a carrier for doxorubicin delivery to tumor cells (Tf-DOX-PLGA-NPs), aiming at alleviating multidrug resistance (MDR). We performed a range of in vitro studies to assess whether targeted NPs have the ability to improve DOX antitumor potential on resistant NCI/ADR-RES cells. All evaluations of the Tf-decorated NPs were performed comparatively to the nontargeted counterparts, aiming to evidence the real role of NP surface functionalization, along with the benefits of pH-sensitivity and poloxamer, in the improvement of antiproliferative activity and reversal of MDR. Tf-DOX-PLGA-NPs induced higher number of apoptotic events and ROS generation, along with cell cycle arrest. Moreover, they were efficiently internalized by NCI/ADR-RES cells, increasing DOX intracellular accumulation, which supports the greater cell killing ability of these targeted NPs with respect to MDR cells. Altogether, these findings supported the effectiveness of the Tf-surface modification of DOX-PLGA-NPs for an improved antiproliferative activity. Therefore, our pH-responsive Tf-inspired NPs are a promising smart drug delivery system to overcome MDR effect at some extent, enhancing the efficacy of DOX antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís E Scheeren
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniele R Nogueira-Librelotto
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Mathes
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Micheli M Pillat
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia B Macedo
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Montserrat Mitjans
- Departament de Bioquimica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pilar Vinardell
- Departament de Bioquimica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clarice M B Rolim
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Hussein Kamareddine M, Ghosn Y, Tawk A, Elia C, Alam W, Makdessi J, Farhat S. Organic Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems and Their Potential Role in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819879902. [PMID: 31865865 PMCID: PMC6928535 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819879902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that occurs more prominently in the older population, with a peak incidence at ages 45 to 85 years and a median age at diagnosis of 65 years. This disease comprises roughly 15% of all leukemias in adults. It is a clonal stem cell disorder of myeloid cells characterized by the presence of t(9;22) chromosomal translocation, also known as the Philadelphia chromosome, or its byproducts BCR-ABL fusion protein/messenger RNA, leading to the expression of a protein with enhanced tyrosine kinase activity. This fusion protein has become the main therapeutic target in chronic myeloid leukemia therapy, with imatinib displaying superior antileukemic effects, placing it at the forefront of current treatment protocols and displaying great efficacy. Alternatively, nanomedicine and employing nanoparticles as drug delivery systems may represent new approaches in future anticancer therapy. This review focuses primarily on the use of organic nanoparticles aimed at chronic myeloid leukemia therapy in both in vitro and in vivo settings, by going through a thorough survey of published literature. After a brief introduction on the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia, a description of conventional, first- and second-line, treatment modalities of chronic myeloid leukemia is presented. Finally, some of the general applications of nanostrategies in medicine are presented, with a detailed focus on organic nanocarriers and their constituents used in chronic myeloid leukemia treatment from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Youssef Ghosn
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Antonios Tawk
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Carlos Elia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Walid Alam
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Makdessi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Said Farhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Achrafieh-Beirut, Lebanon
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Reinišová L, Hermanová S, Pumera M. Micro/nanomachines: what is needed for them to become a real force in cancer therapy? NANOSCALE 2019; 11:6519-6532. [PMID: 30632584 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Conventional drug delivery systems face several issues in medical applications, such as cyto/genotoxicity and off-targeting. These issues are particularly significant for cancer therapeutics because many of the currently used systems are toxic in their free form. Self-propelled autonomous micro/nanomachines offer promising alternative drug delivery systems based on high cargo loading, fast autonomous movement, precise targeting and the on-demand release of therapeutics in vivo. With this unique set of properties, it is not surprising that they are receiving considerable research attention. However, much less is reported about the drawbacks that hinder their systemic in vivo application. In this review, a biomedical perspective is used to assess micro/nanomotor-based anticancer drug delivery systems reported to date. Advantages along with present issues are highlighted and recommendations which need to be considered to develop an effective biocompatible micro/nanomotor-based delivery system for cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Reinišová
- Department of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
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Bi Y, Lee RJ, Wang X, Sun Y, Wang M, Li L, Li C, Xie J, Teng L. Liposomal codelivery of an SN38 prodrug and a survivin siRNA for tumor therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5811-5822. [PMID: 30323583 PMCID: PMC6177376 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s173279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose A liposome-based siRNA–drug combination was evaluated as a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the curative effect. Methods A topoisomerase inhibitor SN38 prodrug was combined with a survivin siRNA through codelivery using transferrin (Tf)-L-SN38/P/siRNA. In this combination, SN38 was conjugated to the cell penetrating peptide TAT through a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker to synthesize TAT-PEG-SN38. The amphiphilic TAT-PEG-SN38 was used as an ingredient of liposomes to improve the cellular uptake. Protamine was added to form an electrostatic complex with siRNA in the core of the liposomes. Tf was introduced to enable tumor cell targeting of liposomes (Tf-L-SN38/P/siRNA). Results Tf-L-SN38/P/siRNA exhibited a particle size of 148 nm and a ζ-potential of +7.8 mV. The cellular uptake and antitumor activity were dependent on Tf receptor targeting, TAT-PEG-SN38, and siRNA codelivery. Tf-L-SN38/P/siRNA was shown to be considerably more effective than liposomes carrying individual components. This combination induced potent tumor inhibition (76.8%) in HeLa cell xenograft tumor-bearing nude mice. Conclusion These data indicated that Tf-L-SN38/P/siRNA was an effective system for codelivery of SN38 and a survivin siRNA and that its therapeutic potential deserved further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Robert J Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ; .,Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yating Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Mengqiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Lianlian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Chenliang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Jing Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, ;
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10
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Cheng X, Yu D, Cheng G, Yung BC, Liu Y, Li H, Kang C, Fang X, Tian S, Zhou X, Liu Q, Lee RJ. T7 Peptide-Conjugated Lipid Nanoparticles for Dual Modulation of Bcl-2 and Akt-1 in Lung and Cervical Carcinomas. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4722-4732. [PMID: 30138565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Expression of Bcl-2 and Akt-1 has been associated with human cancer. G3139 and RX-0201, targeting Bcl-2 and Akt-1, respectively, are antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that have shown limited efficacy in clinical trials. Herein, we report a combination of newly designed ASOs based on these agents and was delivered by tumor cell-targeting lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). A "Gapmer" design strategy was applied to these ASOs with the addition of 2'-O-methyl modifications on the nucleotides at 5' and 3' ends. A dual-channel syringe pump-based system was developed for the synthesis of the LNPs. ASO-LNPs composed of DODMA, egg PC, cholesterol, T7-PEG-DSPE, and PEG-DMG at a molar ratio of 35:39.5:20:0.5:5 and carrying either individual ASOs or co-loaded ASO combinations (Co-ASOs) were synthesized and evaluated in both KB and A549 cancer cells and in an A549 murine xenograft model to determine their antitumor effects and biological activities. The ASO-LNPs exhibited excellent colloidal stability and high ASO encapsulation efficiency with relatively small mean particle sizes and moderately positive zeta potentials. Transferrin receptor-targeting T7-conjugated LNPs showed enhanced cellular uptake compared to nontargeted LNPs. In addition, both T7-conjugated Co-ASOs-LNPs and non-T7-conjugated Co-ASOs-LNPs at a molar ratio of (G3139-GAP to RX-0201-GAP at 1:2) showed efficient downregulation of both Bcl-2 and Akt-1 in both A549 and KB cells. Furthermore, T7-conjugated Co-ASOs-LNPs (Co-ASOs-LNPs) produced superior antitumor activity, prolonged the overall survival time, and demonstrated tumor targeting activity in an A549 xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daorui Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science , Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China
| | - Guang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanjing , China.,Luye Sike Pharma, Nanjing Hightech Industrial Development Zone, Nanjing , China
| | - Bryant C Yung
- The WhiteOak Group, LLC., Washington , D.C. 20006 , United States
| | | | | | - Chen Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Xingyue Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science , Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China
| | - Shuhong Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science , Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China
| | - Xiaoju Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P.R. China
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science , Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China
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Zhang Y, Sun T, Jiang C. Biomacromolecules as carriers in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:34-50. [PMID: 29872621 PMCID: PMC5985630 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biomacromolecules have attracted increased attention as carriers in biomedicine in recent years because of their inherent biochemical and biophysical properties including renewability, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, long blood circulation time and targeting ability. Recent advances in our understanding of the biological functions of natural-origin biomacromolecules and the progress in the study of biological drug carriers indicate that such carriers may have advantages over synthetic material-based carriers in terms of half-life, stability, safety and ease of manufacture. In this review, we give a brief introduction to the biochemical properties of the widely used biomacromolecule-based carriers such as albumin, lipoproteins and polysaccharides. Then examples from the clinic and in recent laboratory development are summarized. Finally the current challenges and future prospects of present biological carriers are discussed.
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Key Words
- ABD, albumin binding domain
- ACM, aclacinomycin
- ACS, absorbable collagen sponge
- ADH, adipic dihydrazide
- ART, artemisinin
- ASF, Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin
- ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid
- ATS, artesunate
- BCEC, brain capillary endothelial cells
- BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein-2
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- BSF, Bombyx mori silk fibroin
- Biomacromolecule
- CC-HAM, core-crosslinked polymeric micelle based hyaluronic acid
- CD, cyclodextrin
- CD-NPs, amphiphilic MMA–tBA β-CD star copolymers that are capable of forming nanoparticles
- CD-g-CS, chitosan grafted with β-cyclodextrin
- CD/BP, cyclodextrin–bisphosphonate complexes
- CIA, collagen-induced arthritis
- CM, collagen matrices
- CMD-ChNP, carboxylmethyl dextran chitosan nanoparticle
- DHA, dihydroartesunate
- DOXO-EMCH, (6-maleimidocaproyl)hydrazone derivative of doxorubicin
- DOX–TRF, doxorubincin–transferrin conjugate
- DTX-HPLGA, HA coated PLGA nanoparticulate docetaxel
- Drug delivery
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial mesenchymal transition
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- FcRn, neonatal Fc receptor
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- GC-DOX, glycol–chitosan–doxorubicin conjugate
- GDNF, glial-derived neurotrophic factor
- GO, grapheme oxide
- GSH, glutathione
- Gd, gadolinium
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HA-CA, catechol-modified hyaluronic acid
- HCF, heparin-conjugated fibrin
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HEK, human embryonic kidney
- HSA, human serum albumin
- IDL, intermediate density lipoprotein
- INF, interferon
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- LDLR, low density lipoprotein receptor
- LDV, leucine–aspartic acid–valine
- LMWH, low molecular weight heparin
- MSA, mouse serum albumin
- MTX–HSA, methotrexate–albumin conjugate
- NIR, near-infrared
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- OP-Gel-NS, oxidized pectin-gelatin-nanosliver
- PEC, polyelectrolyte
- PTX, paclitaxel
- Polysaccharide
- Protein
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RGD, Arg–Gly–Asp peptide
- SF, silk fibroin
- SF-CSNP, silk fibroin modified chitosan nanoparticle
- SFNP, silk fibroin nanoparticle
- SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine
- TRAIL, tumor-necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- Tf, transferrin
- TfR, transferrin receptor
- Tissue engineering
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VLDL, very low density lipoprotein
- pDNA, plasmid DNA
- rHDL, recombinant HDL
- rhEGF-2/HA, recombinant human fibroblast growth factor type 2 in a hyaluronic acid carrier
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wang M, Lee RJ, Bi Y, Li L, Yan G, Lu J, Meng Q, Teng L, Xie J. Transferrin-conjugated liposomes loaded with novel dihydroquinoline derivatives as potential anticancer agents. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186821. [PMID: 29088257 PMCID: PMC5663382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 1,2-dihydroquinoline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity in HeLa, Hep G2 and 6HEK-293T cell lines. EEDQ2 was identified as a promising anti-cancer agent with low IC50 in HeLa (18.55μg/ml) and Hep G2 (14.53μg/ml) cells. For improving the antitumor activity and tumor selectivity of EEDQ2, we prepared transferrin (Tf)-modified liposomes (LPs) to deliver EEDQ2. When HeLa and Hep G2 cells were treated with LP-delivered EEDQ2, the ROS level was significantly enhanced, and mitochondrial membrane potential was reversed. Tf-LPs improved cell uptake of EEDQ2 by about 3.7 times compared with non-targeted LPs. These data suggest that Tf-LPs delivering EEDQ2 is a promising strategy to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiao Wang
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Robert J. Lee
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ye Bi
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lianlian Li
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guodong Yan
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qingfan Meng
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lesheng Teng
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (JX)
| | - Jing Xie
- Jilin University, College of Life Science, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (JX)
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13
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Gaber M, Medhat W, Hany M, Saher N, Fang JY, Elzoghby A. Protein-lipid nanohybrids as emerging platforms for drug and gene delivery: Challenges and outcomes. J Control Release 2017; 254:75-91. [PMID: 28365294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have been long used to deliver a vast range of drugs and bioactives owing to their ability to demonstrate novel physical, chemical, and/or biological properties. An exponential growth has spurred in research and development of these nanocarriers which led to the evolution of a great number of diverse nanosystems including liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), micelles, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), metallic NPs, and carbon nanotubes. Among them, lipid-based nanocarriers have made the largest progress whether commercially or under development. Despite this progress, these lipid-based nanocarriers suffer from several limitations that led to the development of many protein-coated lipid nanocarriers. To less extent, protein-based nanocarriers suffer from limitations that led to the fabrication of some lipid bilayer enveloping protein nanocarriers. This review discusses in-depth some limitations associated with the lipid-based or protein-based nanocarriers and the fruitful outcomes brought by protein-lipid hybridization. Also discussed are the various hybridization techniques utilized to formulate these protein-lipid nanohybrids and the mechanisms involved in the drug loading process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gaber
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Waseem Medhat
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Mark Hany
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Saher
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Ahmed Elzoghby
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
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14
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Dube B, Pandey A, Joshi G, Sawant K. Hydrophobically modified polyethylenimine-based ternary complexes for targeting brain tumor: stability, in vitro and in vivo studies. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1685-1698. [PMID: 28278583 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1282497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic modification of low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI 2 kDa) by cholic acid (ChA) was done to obtain PEI2-ChA. The nanoplexes of PEI2-ChA with gWIZ-GFP demonstrated increase transfection efficiency (∼27%) in NT8e cell lines. The cell-cycle analysis of NT8e cells (p53 mutant) treated with transferrin containing nanoplexes showed increased apoptosis of cells. In vitro protein expression revealed expression of exogenous p53 protein. In vivo imaging of mice showed localized signal for GFP protein in brain region. The tumors of mice treated with transferrin containing nanoplexes of PEI2-ChA were ∼5 times smaller in size than the tumor of untreated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahmanand Dube
- a Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , The M.S. University of Baroda , Kalabhavan, Vadodara , India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- a Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , The M.S. University of Baroda , Kalabhavan, Vadodara , India
| | - Ganesh Joshi
- b Genetic Engineering Lab , ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre , Kharghar, Navi Mumbai , India
| | - Krutika Sawant
- a Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , The M.S. University of Baroda , Kalabhavan, Vadodara , India
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15
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Use of Ferritin-Based Metal-Encapsulated Nanocarriers as Anticancer Agents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Tushir-Singh J. Antibody-siRNA conjugates: drugging the undruggable for anti-leukemic therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:325-338. [PMID: 27977315 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1273344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Generating effective RNAi-based therapies with the potential to achieve leukemia remission remains critical unmet need. Despite a growing number of leukemia clinical trials, tissue specific delivery of therapeutic siRNA is a major roadblock in translating its clinical potential. The most recent reports in the antibody-siRNA-conjugates (ARCs) field add new dimensions to leukemic therapy, where a covalently ligated therapeutic antisense-RNA with the potential to repress the oncogenic transcript is selectively delivered into the cancer cells. Despite ARC localization to leukemic cells due to high affinity antigen-antibody interactions, multiple challenges exist to unlock the therapeutic potential of siRNA targeting. Areas covered: This review focuses on antibody and siRNA-based therapies for leukemia as well as potential antibody engineering-based strategies to generate an optimal ARC platform. Expert opinion: In vitro and clinical results have revealed that non-targeted delivery and inefficient cellular internalization of therapeutic siRNA are major contributing factors for the lack of efficacy in leukemia patients. Rational antibody design and selective protein engineering with the potential to neutralize siRNA charge, stabilize ARC complex, restrict off-targeted delivery, optimize endosomal escape, and extend serum half-life will generate clinically relevant leukemic therapies that are safe, selective, and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogender Tushir-Singh
- a Laboratory of Novel Biologics, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics , University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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Vibin M, Vinayakan R, Fernandez FB, John A, Abraham A. A Novel Fluorescent Quantum Dot Probe for the Rapid Diagnostic High Contrast Imaging of Tumor in Mice. J Fluoresc 2016; 27:669-677. [PMID: 27921209 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple probe - antibody conjugated silica over coated cadmium selenide quantum dots (QD-Ab probe) for efficient and rapid diagnostic in vivo imaging of tumors is developed. Compared to unconjugated quantum dots (QD), these probes underwent efficient cellular internalization and tumor targeting behavior, retaining bright emission under in vivo cancer models. Silica over coated cadmium selenide quantum dots were conjugated with Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody to detect the over expression of EGFR in cancer models. The in vitro cellular internalization efficiency of QD and QD-Ab probe in cultured stem cells (RADMSCs) and cancer cells (HeLa) were assessed by ICP-OES and cLSM. Results demonstrated a greater internalization efficiency of CdSe-Silica QD-Ab probe than CdSe-Silica QDs. For in vivo imaging solid tumor bearing mice was subjected to tail vein injection of QD and QD-Ab probe. After the specific time interval of injection, mice were anesthetized and subjected into Xenogen IVIS®200 imaging system, followed by ex vivo imaging. Subsequently, ultrathin sections of tumor were imaged by using cLSM. Both in vivo and ex vivo imaging results confirmed the tumor-targeted imaging efficiency of QD-Ab probes compared to unconjugated QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vibin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Albert's College, Mahatma Gandhi University, Ernakulam, Kochi, 682018, Kerala, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - R Vinayakan
- Department of Chemistry, SVR NSS College Vazhoor, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, 686505, Kerala, India
| | - F B Fernandez
- TEM Laboratory, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Thiruvananthapuram, 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Annie John
- TEM Laboratory, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Thiruvananthapuram, 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Annie Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India.
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18
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Cheng X, Liu Q, Li H, Kang C, Liu Y, Guo T, Shang K, Yan C, Cheng G, Lee RJ. Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with an Antisense Oligonucleotide Gapmer Against Bcl-2 for Treatment of Lung Cancer. Pharm Res 2016; 34:310-320. [PMID: 27896589 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic gene that is frequently overexpressed in human cancers. G3139 is an antisense oligonucleotide against bcl-2 that has shown limited efficacy in clinical trials. Here, we report the synthesis of a new antisense oligonucleotide containing additional chemical modifications and its delivery using nanoparticles. METHODS An oligonucleotide G3139-GAP was synthesized, which has 2'-O-methyl nucleotides at the 5' and 3' ends based on a "gapmer" design. Furthermore, G3139-GAP was incorporated into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) composed of DOTAP/egg PC/cholesterol/Tween 80. The LNP-loaded G3139-GAP was evaluated in A549 lung cancer cells both in vitro and in a murine xenograft model for biological activity and therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS The LNPs showed excellent colloidal and serum stability, and high encapsulation efficiency for G3139-GAP. They have a mean particle diameter and zeta potential of 134 nm and 9.59 mV, respectively. G3139-GAP-LNPs efficiently downregulated bcl-2 expression in A549 cells, as shown by 40% and 83% reduction in mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Furthermore, G3139-GAP-LNPs were shown to inhibit tumor growth, prolong survival, and downregulate tumor bcl-2 expression in an A549 murine xenograft tumor model. These data indicate that G3139-GAP-LNPs have excellent anti-tumor efficacy and warrant further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Hong Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Chen Kang
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Tianqi Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Ke Shang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Chengyun Yan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanjing, 210061, Jiangsu, China. .,Nanjing Hightech Industrial Development Zone, 28 Gaoxin Road, Nanjing, 210061, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. .,Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
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Transferrin functionalized chitosan-PEG nanoparticles for targeted delivery of paclitaxel to cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:363-370. [PMID: 27632697 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to utilize the stealth property of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) and active targeting function of transferrin (Tf) by transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis to promote drug delivery to cancer cells. Paclitaxel (PTX) loaded nanoparticles (PTX-NP) were prepared by solvent evaporation method; PEGylation was carried out by coupling amine group present on the surface of NPs with hydroxyl group present on the PEG (NP-PEG). Tf conjugation was carried out by coupling carboxylic group present on the surface of ligand and hydroxyl group present on the PEG (NP-PEG-Tf). The uptake of NP-PEG-Tf into cancer cells was found to be higher as compared to non-targeted NPs. Compared with free PTX, PTX-NPs and PTX-NPs-PEG, the PTX-NPs-PEG-Tf demonstrated higher cytotoxicity to human Non-Small Cell Lung cancer cell lines (HOP-62), higher intracellular uptake especially in nuclei and lower hemolytic toxicity. Tf conjugated NPs showed increased retention time in the lungs as well as in blood. These findings indicate that Tf conjugated PEGylated nanoparticles are promising nanoconstructs for the delivery of anti-cancer drugs to cancer cells.
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20
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Rahman M, Kumar V, Beg S, Sharma G, Katare OP, Anwar F. Emergence of liposome as targeted magic bullet for inflammatory disorders: current state of the art. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 44:1597-608. [PMID: 26758815 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1129617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are considered to be highly dreadful ones responsible for higher mortality in the developed countries. This includes cancer, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The tremendous strides in the area of drug development to find newer molecules like non-steroidal and steroidal agents and immunosuppressant agents delivered by conventional formulation. These therapy have enhances the life expectancy of patient, but it provide the therapeutic benefits only to a limited extent. Recent advancement in liposomes based nanomedicines has led to the possibility of improves the efficacy and safety of the pharmacotherapy of inflammatory disorders. Of late, liposomes have been highly explored as one of the promising systems for delivering numerous anti-inflammatory drugs for attaining enhanced therapeutic outcomes. Over the conventional carriers, liposomal systems have numerous drug delivery merits including advantages in both passive and active targeting of drug molecules to the inflammatory lesions. The current review article, therefore, endeavors to provide a bird's eye view account on the success of liposome-based therapeutic systems in the management of dreadful inflammatory disorders along with updated knowledge to pharmaceutical scientists in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfoozur Rahman
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- c Liposome Research Laboratory, UIPS, Panjab University , Chandigarh , Mumbai , India
| | - Om Prakash Katare
- c Liposome Research Laboratory, UIPS, Panjab University , Chandigarh , Mumbai , India
| | - Firoz Anwar
- d Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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21
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Duong AD, Collier MA, Bachelder EM, Wyslouzil BE, Ainslie KM. One Step Encapsulation of Small Molecule Drugs in Liposomes via Electrospray-Remote Loading. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:92-9. [PMID: 26568143 PMCID: PMC10372480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Resiquimod is a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist that has previously been used as a vaccine adjuvant, as a topical treatment of viral lesions and skin cancer, and as an antiviral treatment. We report on the combined application of remote loading and electrospray to produce liposomal resiquimod, with the broader goals of improving drug encapsulation efficiency and scalability of liposome production methods. Drug loading in liposomes increased from less than 1% to greater that 3% by mass when remote loading was used, whether the liposomes were generated by thin-film hydration or electrospray methods. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) determined mean vesicle diameters of 137 ± 11 nm and 103 ± 4 for the thin-film and electrospray methods, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed spherical vesicles with sizes consistent with the DLS measurements. In vitro drug release profiles found that most of the drug remained within the liposomes at both pH 5.5 and 7.4. The in vitro bioactivity of the liposomal drug was also demonstrated by the increase in nitrite production when RAW macrophages were exposed to the drug. Our findings indicate that the remotely loaded liposomes formed via the scalable electrospray method have characteristics comparable to those produced via conventional batch methods. The methods discussed here are not limited to the enhanced delivery of resiquimod. Rather, they should be readily adaptable to other compounds compatible with remote loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Duong
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Michael A Collier
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Barbra E Wyslouzil
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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22
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Ding Y, Sun D, Wang GL, Yang HG, Xu HF, Chen JH, Xie Y, Wang ZQ. An efficient PEGylated liposomal nanocarrier containing cell-penetrating peptide and pH-sensitive hydrazone bond for enhancing tumor-targeted drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6199-214. [PMID: 26491292 PMCID: PMC4598226 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as small molecular transporters with abilities of cell penetrating, internalization, and endosomal escape have potential prospect in drug delivery systems. However, a bottleneck hampering their application is the poor specificity for cells. By utilizing the function of hydration shell of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and acid sensitivity of hydrazone bond, we constructed a kind of CPP-modified pH-sensitive PEGylated liposomes (CPPL) to improve the selectivity of these peptides for tumor targeting. In CPPL, CPP was directly attached to liposome surfaces via coupling with stearate (STR) to avoid the hindrance of PEG as a linker on the penetrating efficiency of CPP. A PEG derivative by conjugating PEG with STR via acid-degradable hydrazone bond (PEG2000-Hz-STR, PHS) was synthesized. High-performance liquid chromatography and flow cytometry demonstrated that PHS was stable at normal neutral conditions and PEG could be completely cleaved from liposome surface to expose CPP under acidic environments in tumor. An optimal CPP density on liposomes was screened to guaranty a maximum targeting efficiency on tumor cells as well as not being captured by normal cells that consequently lead to a long circulation in blood. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated, in 4 mol% CPP of lipid modified system, that CPP exerted higher efficiency on internalizing the liposomes into targeted subcellular compartments while remaining inactive and free from opsonins at a maximum extent in systemic circulation. The 4% CPPL as a drug delivery system will have great potential in the clinical application of anticancer drugs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Ling Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ge Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University Geauga, Burton, OH, USA
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Yang X, Yang S, Chai H, Yang Z, Lee RJ, Liao W, Teng L. A Novel Isoquinoline Derivative Anticancer Agent and Its Targeted Delivery to Tumor Cells Using Transferrin-Conjugated Liposomes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136649. [PMID: 26309138 PMCID: PMC4550422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have screened 11 isoquinoline derivatives and α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthi-azol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay in HeLa and HEK-293T cells. Compound 2 was identified as potential anticancer agent. To further improve its therapeutic potential, this agent was incorporated into transferrin (Tf)-conjugated liposomes (LPs) for targeted delivery to tumor cells. We have demonstrated Tf-LP-Compound 2 have superior antitumor activity compared to non-targeted controls and the free drug. These data show Tf-LP-Compound 2 to be a promising agent that warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Chai
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Lee
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Weiwei Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (WL)
| | - Lesheng Teng
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (WL)
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24
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Firempong CK, Cao X, Tong S, Yu J, Xu X. Prospects for multitarget lipid-raft-coated silica beads: a remarkable online biomaterial for discovering multitarget antitumor lead compounds. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of lipid raft biomaterial with multiple cancer-related receptors for screening novel multitarget antitumour lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Kesse Firempong
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
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25
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Progress in RNAi-mediated Molecular Therapy of Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 4:e240. [DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Guo Y, Wang L, Lv P, Zhang P. Transferrin-conjugated doxorubicin-loaded lipid-coated nanoparticles for the targeting and therapy of lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:1065-1072. [PMID: 25663858 PMCID: PMC4315058 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a targetable vector was developed for the targeted delivery of anticancer agents, consisting of lipid-coated poly D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (PLGA-NP) that were modified with transferrin (TF). Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a model drug for lung cancer therapy. The use of these NPs combined the advantages and avoided the disadvantages exhibited individually by liposomes and polymeric NPs during drug delivery. The lipid coating of the polymeric core was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The physicochemical characteristics of transferrin-conjugated lipid-coated NPs (TF-LP), including the particle size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro DOX release, were also evaluated. The cellular uptake investigation in the present study found that TF-LP was more efficiently endocytosed by the A549 cells, than LP and PLGA-NPs. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effect exhibited by DOX-loaded TF-LPs on A549 cells and the inhibition of tumor spheroid growth was stronger compared with the effect of DOX-loaded lipid-coated PLGA-NPs and PLGA-NPs. In the in vivo component of the present study, TF-LP demonstrated the best inhibitory effect on tumor growth in the A549 tumor-bearing mice. It was concluded that TF-LP may be an efficient targeted drug-delivery system for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Guo
- Department of Nursing, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Peng Lv
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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27
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Qin L, Wang CZ, Fan HJ, Zhang CJ, Zhang HW, Lv MH, Cui SDE. A dual-targeting liposome conjugated with transferrin and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide for glioma-targeting therapy. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2000-2006. [PMID: 25289086 PMCID: PMC4186501 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of a brain glioma remains one of the most difficult challenges in oncology. In the present study a delivery system was developed for targeted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the brain cancer cells. A cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide and transferrin (TF) were utilized as targeting ligands. Cyclic RGD peptides are specific targeting ligands of cancer cells and TFs are ligands that specifically target the BBB and cancer cells. Liposome (LP) was used to conjugate the cyclic RGD and TFs to establish the brain glioma cascade delivery system (RGD/TF-LP). The LPs were prepared by the thin film hydration method and physicochemical characterization was conducted. In vitro cell uptake and three-dimensional tumor spheroid penetration studies demonstrated that the system could target endothelial and tumor cells, as well as penetrate the tumor cells to reach the core of the tumor spheroids. The results of the in vivo imaging further demonstrated that the RGD/TF-LP provided the highest brain distribution. As a result, the paclitaxel-loaded RGD/TF-LP presents the best antiproliferative activity against C6 cells and tumor spheroids. In conclusion, the RGD/TF-LP may precisely target brain glioma, which may be valuable for glioma imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Zheng Wang
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Jie Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chong-Jian Zhang
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Min-Hao Lv
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Shu-DE Cui
- Department of Breast, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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28
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Kapse-Mistry S, Govender T, Srivastava R, Yergeri M. Nanodrug delivery in reversing multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:159. [PMID: 25071577 PMCID: PMC4090910 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different mechanisms in cancer cells become resistant to one or more chemotherapeutics is known as multidrug resistance (MDR) which hinders chemotherapy efficacy. Potential factors for MDR includes enhanced drug detoxification, decreased drug uptake, increased intracellular nucleophiles levels, enhanced repair of drug induced DNA damage, overexpression of drug transporter such as P-glycoprotein(P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP1, MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Currently nanoassemblies such as polymeric/solid lipid/inorganic/metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, dendrimers, liposomes, micelles has emerged as an innovative, effective, and promising platforms for treatment of drug resistant cancer cells. Nanocarriers have potential to improve drug therapeutic index, ability for multifunctionality, divert ABC-transporter mediated drug efflux mechanism and selective targeting to tumor cells, cancer stem cells, tumor initiating cells, or cancer microenvironment. Selective nanocarrier targeting to tumor overcomes dose-limiting side effects, lack of selectivity, tissue toxicity, limited drug access to tumor tissues, high drug doses, and emergence of multiple drug resistance with conventional or combination chemotherapy. Current review highlights various nanodrug delivery systems to overcome mechanism of MDR by neutralizing, evading, or exploiting the drug efflux pumps and those independent of drug efflux pump mechanism by silencing Bcl-2 and HIF1α gene expressions by siRNA and miRNA, modulating ceramide levels and targeting NF-κB. “Theragnostics” combining a cytotoxic agent, targeting moiety, chemosensitizing agent, and diagnostic imaging aid are highlighted as effective and innovative systems for tumor localization and overcoming MDR. Physical approaches such as combination of drug with thermal/ultrasound/photodynamic therapies to overcome MDR are focused. The review focuses on newer drug delivery systems developed to overcome MDR in cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Kapse-Mistry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai Mumbai, India
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban, South Africa
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai, India
| | - Mayur Yergeri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai Mumbai, India
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29
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Chiu SJ, Wang SY, Chou HC, Liu YL, Hu TM. Versatile synthesis of thiol- and amine-bifunctionalized silica nanoparticles based on the ouzo effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:7676-7686. [PMID: 24927298 DOI: 10.1021/la501571u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report a novel, nanoprecipitation-based method for preparing silica nanoparticles with thiol and amine cofunctionalization. (3-Mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) were used as the organosilane precursors, which were subjected to acid-catalyzed polycondensation in an organic phase containing a water-miscible solvent (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide). A pale colloidal solution could be immediately formed when the preincubated organic phase was directly injected into water. The initial composition ratio between MPTMS and APTMS is an important factor governing the formation of nanoparticles. Specifically, large, unstable micrometer-sized particles were formed for preparation using MPTMS as the sole silane source. In contrast, when APTMS was used alone, no particles could be formed. By reducing the fraction of APTMS (or increasing that of MPTMS) in the initial mixture of organosilanes, the formation of nanometer-sized particles occurred at a critical fraction of APTMS (i.e., 25%). Remarkably, a tiny fraction (e.g., 1%) of APTMS was sufficient to produce stable nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 200 nm. Other factors that would also affect particle formation were determined. Moreover, an interesting temperature effect on particle formation was observed. The TEM micrographs show spherical nanospheres with mean sizes of 130-150 nm in diameter. The solid-state (29)Si NMR spectra demonstrate that the hybrid silica materials contain fully and partially condensed silicon structures. The bifunctionalized silica nanoparticles have positive zeta potentials whose magnitudes are positively correlated with the amount of APTMS. The total thiol content, however, is negatively correlated with the amount of APTMS. The cationic nanoparticles can bind an antisense oligonucleotide in a composition-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Jiuan Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan ROC
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30
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Gomes-da-Silva LC, Simões S, Moreira JN. Challenging the future of siRNA therapeutics against cancer: the crucial role of nanotechnology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1417-38. [PMID: 24221135 PMCID: PMC11113222 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The identification of numerous deregulated signaling pathways on cancer cells and supportive stromal cells has revealed several molecular targets whose downregulation can elicit significant benefits for cancer treatment. In this respect, gene downregulation can be efficiently achieved by exploiting the RNA interference mechanism, particularly by the delivery of chemical synthesized small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which have the ability to mediate, in a specific manner, the degradation of any mRNA with complementary nucleotide sequence. However, several concerns regarding off-target effects and immune stimulation have been raised. Depending on their sequence, siRNAs can trigger an innate immune response, which might mediate undesirable side effects that ultimately compromise their clinical utility. This is a very relevant effect that will be discussed in the present manuscript. Moreover, the major drawback in the translation of siRNAs into the clinical practice is undoubtedly their inability to accumulate in tumor sites, particularly in organs other than the liver. In fact, upon systemic administration, owing to siRNAs physico-chemical features, they are rapidly cleared from the blood stream. Therefore, the development of a proper drug delivery system is of utmost importance. In this review, some of the latest advances on different nanotechnological platforms for siRNA delivery under clinical evaluation will be discussed. Along with this, targeting approaches towards cancer and/or endothelial cells will also be addressed, as these are some of the most promising strategies to enhance specific tumor accumulation while avoiding healthy tissues. Finally, clinical information on ongoing studies in patients with advanced solid tumors will be also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Catarina Gomes-da-Silva
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Simões
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Nuno Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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31
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Tortorella S, Karagiannis TC. Transferrin Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis: A Useful Target for Cancer Therapy. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:291-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Noble GT, Stefanick JF, Ashley JD, Kiziltepe T, Bilgicer B. Ligand-targeted liposome design: challenges and fundamental considerations. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 32:32-45. [PMID: 24210498 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine, particularly liposomal drug delivery, has expanded considerably over the past few decades, and several liposomal drugs are already providing improved clinical outcomes. Liposomes have now progressed beyond simple, inert drug carriers and can be designed to be highly responsive in vivo, with active targeting, increased stealth, and controlled drug-release properties. Ligand-targeted liposomes (LTLs) have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of cancer. However, these highly engineered liposomes generate new problems, such as accelerated clearance from circulation, compromised targeting owing to non-specific serum protein binding, and hindered tumor penetration. This article highlights recent challenges facing LTL strategies and describes the advanced design elements used to circumvent them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin T Noble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jared F Stefanick
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jonathan D Ashley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Tanyel Kiziltepe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Basar Bilgicer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Center for Rare & Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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33
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Tros de Ilarduya C, Düzgüneş N. Delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids via transferrin and transferrin receptors: lipoplexes and other carriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1583-91. [PMID: 24050263 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.837447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The overexpression of transferrin (Tf) receptors on cancer cells renders them a useful target for the delivery of small-molecule drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics to these cells. This approach could alleviate the non-target effects of the drugs. AREAS COVERED The function of the Tf receptor, the development of Tf-lipid-DNA complexes (Tf lipoplexes), therapeutic use of lipoplexes and polymer-DNA complexes (poylplexes), and the therapeutic use of Tf-lipoplexes and anti-Tf-receptor antibody-lipoplexes are outlined. The literature search for this review was based primarily on the terms 'lipoplexes,' 'lipopolyplexes' 'transferrin,' 'transferrin receptor,' and 'gene therapy.' However, the review was not intended to be comprehensive. EXPERT OPINION Complexes of Tf with cationic liposomes and nucleic acids, or liposomes with covalently attached Tf or anti-transferrin receptor antibodies have been used for the delivery of therapeutic genes, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, and short interfering RNA. Although such targeted nonviral delivery vehicles may benefit from further enhancement of their efficacy, current achievements at the cell culture and animal model level should be translated into clinical applications, restricted initially to localized delivery into accessible tissues to avoid potential systemic side-effects and non-target delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , Pamplona , Spain
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Tang J, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Qin Y, Yin Y, Yuan W, Yang Y, Xie Y, Zhang Z, He Q. Synergistic targeted delivery of payload into tumor cells by dual-ligand liposomes co-modified with cholesterol anchored transferrin and TAT. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:31-40. [PMID: 23850793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was mainly focused on developing a dual-ligand liposomal delivery system to enhance both targeting specificity and cellular uptake. The specific ligand transferrin (TF) and the cationic cell-penetrating peptide TAT were connected with cholesterol via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer to prepare the dual-ligand liposomes (TAT/TF-PEG-LP). Then the in vitro cellular uptake by three kinds of cells that possessed different expressing levels of transferrin receptor (TFR) and the in vivo delivery efficiency were evaluated. Compared to the single-ligand TAT or TF modified liposomes (TAT-PEG-LP or TF-PEG-LP), TAT/TF-PEG-LP exhibited the enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity via the synergistic effect of both ligands in vitro. The ex vivo fluorescence imaging of tumors, the qualitative observation of tumor frozen section and the quantitative determination of cellular uptake in tumor tissues altogether showed the in vivo delivery efficiency of TAT/TF-PEG-LP was higher than that of other liposomes. In conclusion, the dual-ligand liposomes co-modified with TF and TAT possessed a strong capability for synergistic targeted delivery of payload into tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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35
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Expedition of liposomes to intracellular targets in solid tumors after intravenous administration. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-013-0064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Sen K, Mandal M. Second generation liposomal cancer therapeutics: transition from laboratory to clinic. Int J Pharm 2013; 448:28-43. [PMID: 23500602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent innovations and developments in nanotechnology have revolutionized cancer therapeutics. Engineered nanomaterials are the current workhorses in the emerging field of cancer nano-therapeutics. Lipid vesicles bearing anti-tumor drugs have turned out to be a clinically feasible and promising nano-therapeutic approach to treat cancer. Efficient entrapment of therapeutics, biocompatibility, biodegradability, low systemic toxicity, low immunogenicity and ability to bypass multidrug resistance mechanisms has made liposomes a versatile drug/gene delivery system in cancer chemotherapy. The present review attempts to explore the recent key advances in liposomal research and the vast arsenal of liposomal formulations currently being utilized in treatment and diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacoli Sen
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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37
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Lee S, Kim J, Shim G, Kim S, Han SE, Kim K, Kwon IC, Choi Y, Kim YB, Kim CW, Oh YK. Tetraiodothyroacetic acid-tagged liposomes for enhanced delivery of anticancer drug to tumor tissue via integrin receptor. J Control Release 2012; 164:213-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Feldborg LN, Jølck RI, Andresen TL. Quantitative Evaluation of Bioorthogonal Chemistries for Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2444-50. [DOI: 10.1021/bc3005057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lise N. Feldborg
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rasmus I. Jølck
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- DTU Nanotech,
Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423 2800
Lyngby, Denmark
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39
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Luo LZ, Jin HW, Huang HQ. Transferrin-cisplatin specifically deliver cisplatin to HepG2 cells in vitro and enhance cisplatin cytotoxicity. J Proteomics 2012; 77:237-50. [PMID: 22986151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a major broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent, however, its dose-dependent side effects limit the administration of large doses. Presently, developing a drug targeted delivery system is suggested as one of the most promising approaches to minimize the side effects of cisplatin. Here, we found that each human serum transferrin (HTf) has the potential to bind with over 22 cisplatins, and the complex of apo-HTf-cisplatin can specifically deliver cisplatin to HepG2 cells (human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) in vitro, and facilitate HepG2 cells to apoptosis. Moreover, proteomics methods revealed that the abundances of 23 proteins in HepG2 cells were remarkably altered in response to cisplatin/apo-HTf-cisplatin exposure, and Realtime-PCR revealed that a number of important genes related to chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity and chemotherapeutic resistance are differentially transcribed between the HepG2 cells of cisplatin exposed and HTf-cisplatin exposed. The pathway analysis of the differentially expressed proteins and gene transcriptions indicated that those regulated proteins and gene transcriptions are involved in apoptosis regulation, transcription, cell cycle control, protein biosynthesis, energy metabolism, signal transduction, protein binding and other functions. It indicated that the cisplatin toxicity in HepG2 cell is diverse, the transport process has an effect on the cisplatin cytotoxicity, and the mechanism of the apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by apo-HTf-cisplatin is different from that of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Zhong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Santos H, Bimbo L, Das Neves J, Sarmento B, INEB. Nanoparticulate targeted drug delivery using peptides and proteins. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012. [DOI: 10.1533/9780857096449.2.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligand targeted therapy (LTT) is a powerful pharmaceutical strategy to achieve selective drug delivery to pathological cells, for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, with the advantage of limited side effects and toxicity. This active drug targeting approach is based on the discovery that there are receptors overexpressed on pathological cells, compared to their expression in normal tissues. PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to review recently published data on LTT with applications, both in the field of cancer therapy and other diseases. Moreover, data on LTT exploiting receptors overexpressed at cytoplasmatic level are also reviewed. METHODS Data were deduced from Medline (PubMed) and SciFinder and their selections were made with preference to papers where the most relevant receptors were involved. RESULTS Several groups have reported improved delivery of targeted nanocarriers, as compared to nontargeted ones, to pathological cells. LTT offers several advantages, but there are also limitations in the development of this strategy. Moreover, LTT have shown encouraging results in in vitro and in animal models in vivo; hence their clinical potential awaits investigation. CONCLUSION Recent studies highlight that the ligand density plays an important role in targeting efficacy. Furthermore, LTT applications in diseases different from cancer and those exploiting receptors overexpressed at cytoplasmatic level are growing.
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Daniels TR, Bernabeu E, Rodríguez JA, Patel S, Kozman M, Chiappetta DA, Holler E, Ljubimova JY, Helguera G, Penichet ML. The transferrin receptor and the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents against cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:291-317. [PMID: 21851850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional cancer therapy can be successful in destroying tumors, but can also cause dangerous side effects. Therefore, many targeted therapies are in development. The transferrin receptor (TfR) functions in cellular iron uptake through its interaction with transferrin. This receptor is an attractive molecule for the targeted therapy of cancer since it is upregulated on the surface of many cancer types and is efficiently internalized. This receptor can be targeted in two ways: 1) for the delivery of therapeutic molecules into malignant cells or 2) to block the natural function of the receptor leading directly to cancer cell death. SCOPE OF REVIEW In the present article we discuss the strategies used to target the TfR for the delivery of therapeutic agents into cancer cells. We provide a summary of the vast types of anti-cancer drugs that have been delivered into cancer cells employing a variety of receptor binding molecules including Tf, anti-TfR antibodies, or TfR-binding peptides alone or in combination with carrier molecules including nanoparticles and viruses. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Targeting the TfR has been shown to be effective in delivering many different therapeutic agents and causing cytotoxic effects in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The extensive use of TfR for targeted therapy attests to the versatility of targeting this receptor for therapeutic purposes against malignant cells. More advances in this area are expected to further improve the therapeutic potential of targeting the TfR for cancer therapy leading to an increase in the number of clinical trials of molecules targeting this receptor. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Transferrins: molecular mechanisms of iron transport and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy R Daniels
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Xu S, Liu Y, Tai HC, Zhu J, Ding H, Lee RJ. Synthesis of transferrin (Tf) conjugated liposomes via Staudinger ligation. Int J Pharm 2010; 404:205-10. [PMID: 21056642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Staudinger ligation was evaluated as a strategy for synthesizing receptor targeted liposomes. First, an activated lipid derivative was synthesized by reacting dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and 2-(diphenylphosphino) terephthalic acid 1-methyl 4-penta-fluorophenyldiester. Second, transferrin (Tf) was activated with p-azidophenyl isothiocyanate. Third, liposomes containing the activated lipid were prepared and then coupled to the activated Tf via the Staudinger reaction. These liposomes were evaluated in KB cells for cellular uptake and cytotoxicity, and in mice for pharmacokinetic properties. Tf-derivatized liposomes encapsulating calcein prepared by this conjugation method effectively targeted Tf receptor expressing KB cells. In addition, the Tf-targeted liposomes entrapping doxorubicin showed greatly enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity relative to non-targeted control liposomes. Pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that these liposomes retained long circulating properties relative to the free drug. In summary, Staudinger ligation is an effective method for the synthesis of receptor targeted liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Wang S, Zhang X, Yu B, Lee RJ, Lee LJ. Targeted nanoparticles enhanced flow electroporation of antisense oligonucleotides in leukemia cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:778-83. [PMID: 20630739 PMCID: PMC3369826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Liposome nanoparticles (LNs) with a targeting ligand were used in a semi-continuous flow electroporation (SFE) device to enhance in vitro delivery of exogenous oligonucleotides (ODN). Nanoparticles comprising transferrin-targeted lipoplex encapsulating ODN G3139 were mixed with K562 cells (a chronic myeloid leukemia cell line) and incubated for half an hour to accomplish nanoparticle binding. The mixture was then flowed through a SFE channel where electric pulses were given. Better ODN delivery efficiency was achieved with an increase of ∼24% to the case in combination of non-targeted LNs and SFE, and ∼60% to the case using targeted LNs alone, respectively. The MTS assay results confirmed cell viability greater than 75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnian Wang
- Chemical Engineering Program, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272
| | - Xulang Zhang
- NSF Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymer Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
| | - Bo Yu
- NSF Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymer Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University
| | - Robert J. Lee
- NSF Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymer Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University
| | - L. James Lee
- NSF Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymer Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University
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Mendonça LS, Moreira JN, de Lima MCP, Simões S. Co-encapsulation of anti-BCR-ABL siRNA and imatinib mesylate in transferrin receptor-targeted sterically stabilized liposomes for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 107:884-93. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mendonça LS, Firmino F, Moreira JN, Pedroso de Lima MC, Simões S. Transferrin receptor-targeted liposomes encapsulating anti-BCR-ABL siRNA or asODN for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:157-68. [PMID: 20000596 DOI: 10.1021/bc9004365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed at the development and application of transferrin receptor (TrfR)-targeted sterically stabilized liposomes encapsulating anti-BCR-ABL siRNA or asODN. Transferrin was coupled to the surface of liposomes encapsulating siRNA or asODN through the postinsertion method. Cell association and internalization were assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, respectively. BCR-ABL mRNA and Bcr-Abl protein levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell viability was assessed using the resazurin reduction method. The amount of coupled transferrin and the size and stability over time of the liposomes were very satisfactory and reproducible. The siRNA encapsulation yield was dependent on the concentration of the encapsulation buffer used (20 or 300 mM), as opposed to asODN encapsulation yield which was high for both concentrations tested. Cell association and internalization studies were performed in leukemia cell lines treated with liposomes coupled to Trf (Trf-liposomes) or albumin (BSA-liposomes) or with nontargeted liposomes (NT-liposomes) encapsulating fluorescently labeled siRNA (Cy3-siRNA). These experiments clearly indicated that BSA- and NT-liposomes have no ability to promote the delivery of the encapsulated nucleic acids and that the Trf-liposomes deliver the nucleic acids by a Trf receptor-dependent mechanism. The Trf-liposomes encapsulating siRNA or asODN promote sequence-specific down-regulation of the BCR-ABL mRNA, although a certain extent of nonspecific sequence effects at the protein and cell viability level were observed. Overall, our results indicate that Trf-liposomes encapsulating gene silencing tools allow combining molecular and cellular targeting, which is a valuable approach for cancer treatment.
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Jin Y, Liu S, Yu B, Golan S, Koh CG, Yang J, Huynh L, Yang X, Pang J, Muthusamy N, Chan KK, Byrd JC, Talmon Y, Lee LJ, Lee RJ, Marcucci G. Targeted delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide by transferrin conjugated pH-sensitive lipopolyplex nanoparticles: a novel oligonucleotide-based therapeutic strategy in acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:196-206. [PMID: 19852511 DOI: 10.1021/mp900205r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic use of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) that hybridize to and downregulate target mRNAs encoding proteins that contribute to malignant transformation has a sound rationale, but has had an overall limited clinical success in cancer due to insufficient intracellular delivery. Here we report a development of formulations capable of promoting targeted delivery and enhanced pharmacologic activity of ODNs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and patient primary cells. In this study, transferrin (Tf) conjugated pH-sensitive lipopolyplex nanoparticles (LPs) were prepared to deliver GTI-2040, an antisense ODN against the R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase that has been shown to contribute to chemoresistance in AML. LPs had an average particle size around 110 nm and a moderately positive zeta potential at approximately 10 mV. The ODN encapsulation efficiency of LPs was >90%. These nanoparticles could release ODNs at acidic endosomal pH and facilitate the cytoplasmic delivery of ODNs after endocytosis. In addition, Tf-mediated targeted delivery of GTI-2040 was achieved. R2 downregulation at both mRNA and protein levels was improved by 8-fold in Kasumi-1 cells and 2- to 20-fold in AML patient primary cells treated with GTI-2040-Tf-LPs, compared to free GTI-2040 treatment. Moreover, Tf-LPs were more effective than nontargeted LPs, with 10 to 100% improvement at various concentrations in Kasumi-1 cells and an average of 45% improvement at 3 microM concentration in AML patient primary cells. Treatment with 1 microM GTI-2040-Tf-LPs sensitized AML cells to the chemotherapy agent cytarabine, by decreasing its IC(50) value from 47.69 nM to 9.05 nM. This study suggests that the combination of pH sensitive LP formulation and Tf mediated targeting is a promising strategy for antisense ODN delivery in leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Weecharangsan W, Yu B, Zheng Y, Liu S, Pang JX, Lee LJ, Marcucci G, Lee RJ. Efficient delivery of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide g3139 by human serum albumin-coated liposomes. Mol Pharm 2010; 6:1848-55. [PMID: 19725564 DOI: 10.1021/mp900150g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA)-coated liposomal formulations were synthesized and evaluated for the delivery of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) G3139 in KB human oral carcinoma cells. Liposomes composed of dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium bromide/egg phosphatidylcholine/alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (58:40:2 molar ratio) complexed with G3139 and coated with HSA were investigated for Bcl-2 downregulating activity. Cellular uptake of HSA-coated liposome-ODN complexes was more efficient than the uncoated liposome-ODN complexes. Treatment of the cells with HSA-coated liposome-ODN complexes resulted in efficient Bcl-2 mRNA downregulation that was approximately 3-fold greater than with uncoated liposomes (p < 0.05) and 6-fold greater than with free ODN. The transfection efficiency of liposome-ODN complexes coated with HSA was dependent on the concentration of HSA used and on the contents of alpha-helix and beta-strand in HSA. HSA-coated liposomes are effective delivery vehicles for antisense ODN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlop Weecharangsan
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Zheng Y, Yu B, Weecharangsan W, Piao L, Darby M, Mao Y, Koynova R, Yang X, Li H, Xu S, Lee LJ, Sugimoto Y, Brueggemeier RW, Lee RJ. Transferrin-conjugated lipid-coated PLGA nanoparticles for targeted delivery of aromatase inhibitor 7alpha-APTADD to breast cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2010; 390:234-41. [PMID: 20156537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transferrin (Tf)-conjugated lipid-coated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles carrying the aromatase inhibitor, 7alpha-(4'-amino)phenylthio-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (7alpha-APTADD), were synthesized by a solvent injection method. Formulation parameters including PLGA-to-lipid, egg PC-to-TPGS, and drug-to-PLGA ratios and aqueous-to-organic phase ratio at the point of synthesis were optimized to obtain nanoparticles with desired sizes and drug loading efficiency. The optimal formulation had a drug loading efficiency of 36.3+/-3.4%, mean diameter of 170.3+/-7.6nm and zeta potential of -18.9+/-1.5mV. The aromatase inhibition activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated in SKBR-3 breast cancer cells. IC(50) value of the Tf-nanoparticles was ranging from 0.77 to 1.21nM, and IC(50) value of the nanoparticles was ranging from 1.90 to 3.41nM (n=3). The former is significantly lower than the latter (p<0.05). These results suggested that the aromatase inhibition activity of the Tf-nanoparticles was enhanced relative to that of the non-targeted nanoparticles, which was attributable to Tf receptor (TfR) mediated uptake. In conclusion, Tf-conjugated lipid-coated PLGA nanoparticles are potential vehicles for improving the efficiency and specificity of therapeutic delivery of aromatase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Engineering liposomes and nanoparticles for biological targeting. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 125:251-80. [PMID: 21049296 DOI: 10.1007/10_2010_92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Our ability to engineer nanomaterials for biological and medical applications is continuously increasing, and nanomaterial designs are becoming more and more complex. One very good example of this is the drug delivery field where nanoparticle systems can be used to deliver drugs specifically to diseased tissue. In the early days, the design of the nanoparticles was relatively simple, but today we can surface functionalize and manipulate material properties to target diseased tissue and build highly complex drug release mechanisms into our designs. One of the most promising strategies in drug delivery is to use ligands that target overexpressed or selectively expressed receptors on the surface of diseased cells. To utilize this approach, it is necessary to control the chemistry involved in surface functionalization of nanoparticles and construct highly specific functionalities that can be used as attachment points for a diverse range of targeting ligands such as antibodies, peptides, carbohydrates and vitamins. In this review we provide an overview and a critical evaluation of the many strategies that have been developed for surface functionalization of nanoparticles and furthermore provide an overview of how these methods have been used in drug delivery systems.
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