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Zajac O, Zielinska M, Zubrowska-Sudol M. Enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency: A hybrid technology perspective with energy-saving strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130593. [PMID: 38493937 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate how hybrid technology, combined with various intermittent aeration (IA) strategies, contributes to reducing the energy costs of wastewater treatment while simultaneously ensuring a high treatment efficiency. Even with IA subphases lasting half as long as those without aeration, and oxygen levels reduced from 3.5 to 1.5 mg O2/L, pollutants removal efficiency remains robust, allowing for a 1.41-fold reduction in energy consumption (EO). Hybrid technology led to a 1.34-fold decrease in EO, along with improved denitrification efficiency from 74.05 ± 4.71 to 81.87 ± 2.43 % and enhanced biological phosphorus removal from 35.03 ± 4.25 to 87.32 ± 3.64 %. The high nitrification efficiency may have been attributed to the abundance of Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Rhodococcus, which outcompeted the genera of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria, suggesting that the hybrid system is favorable for the growth of heterotrophic nitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zajac
- Department of Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Building Services Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zielinska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna St. 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Zubrowska-Sudol
- Department of Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Building Services Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Almenglo F, González-Cortés JJ, Ramírez M, Cantero D. Recent advances in biological technologies for anoxic biogas desulfurization. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138084. [PMID: 36775028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of the energy contained in biogas will be essential in coming years to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and our current dependence on fossil fuels. The elimination of H2S is a priority to avoid equipment corrosion, poisoning of catalytic systems and SO2 emissions in combustion engines. This review describes the advances made in this technology using fixed biomass bioreactors (FBB) and suspended growth bioreactors (SGB) since the first studies in this field in 2008. Anoxic desulfurization has been studied mainly in biotrickling filters (BTF). Elimination capacities (EC) up to 287 gS m-3 h-1 have been achieved, with a removal efficiency (RE) of 99%. Both nitrate and nitrite have been successfully used as electron acceptor. SGBs can solve some operational problems present in FBBs, such as clogging or nutrient distribution issues. However, they present greater difficulties in gas-liquid mass transfer, although ECs of up to 194 gS m-3 h-1 have been reported in both gas-lift and stirred tank reactors. One of the major disadvantages of using anoxic biodesulfurization compared to aerobic biodesulfurization is the need to provide reagents (nitrates and/or nitrites), with the consequent increase in operating costs. A solution proposed in this respect is the use of nitrified effluents, some ammonium-rich effluents nitrified include landfill leachate and digested effluent from the anaerobic digester have been tested successfully. Among the microbial diversity found in the bioreactors, the genera Thiobacillus, Sulfurimonas and Sedimenticola play a key role in anoxic removal of H2S. Finally, a summary of future trends in technology is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Almenglo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technologies, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - J J González-Cortés
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technologies, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Ramírez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technologies, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - D Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technologies, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Implementation of a Pilot-Scale Biotrickling Filtration Process for Biogas Desulfurization under Anoxic Conditions Using Agricultural Digestate as Trickling Liquid. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020160. [PMID: 36829654 PMCID: PMC9951925 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A pilot-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) was operated in counter-current flow mode under anoxic conditions, using diluted agricultural digestate as inoculum and as the recirculation medium for the nutrient source. The process was tested on-site at an agricultural fermentation plant, where real biogas was used. The pilot plant was therefore exposed to real process-related fluctuations. The purpose of this research was to attest the validity of the filtration process for use at an industrial-scale by operating the pilot plant under realistic conditions. Neither the use of agricultural digestate as trickling liquid and nor a BTF of this scale have previously been reported in the literature. The pilot plant was operated for 149 days. The highest inlet load was 8.5 gS-H2Sm-3h-1 with a corresponding removal efficiency of 99.2%. The pH remained between 7.5 and 4.6 without any regulation throughout the complete experimental phase. The analysis of the microbial community showed that both anaerobic and anoxic bacteria can adapt to the fluctuating operating conditions and coexist simultaneously, thus contributing to the robustness of the process. The operation of an anoxic BTF with agricultural digestate as the trickling liquid proved to be viable for industrial-scale use.
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Jia T, Zhang L, Sun S, Zhao Q, Peng Y. Adding organics to enrich mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria under extremely acidic conditions-A novel strategy to enhance hydrogen sulfide removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158768. [PMID: 36108867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biotreatment of high load hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can lead to rapid acidification of a bioreactor, which greatly challenges the application of bio-desulfurization technology. In this study, the bio-desulfurization performance was improved by enriching acidophilic mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) by adding organics under extremely acidic conditions (pH < 1.0). A biotrickling filter (BTF) for the removal of H2S was established and operated under pH < 1.0 for 420 days. In the autotrophic period, the maximum H2S elimination capacity (ECmax-H2S) was 135.8 g/m3/h with biofilm mass remaining within 11.1 g/L-BTF. The autotrophic SOB bacterium Acidithiobacillus was dominant (62.1 %). When glucose was added to the BTF system, ECmax-H2S increased by 272 % to 464.3 g/m3/h as biofilm mass increased to 22.3 g/L-BTF. The acidophilic mixotrophic SOB bacteria Mycobacterium (78.4 %) and Alicyclobacillus (20.7 %) were enriched while Acidithiobacillus was gradually eliminated (<0.1 %). Furthermore, the major sulfur metabolism pathways were identified to explore the desulfurization mechanism under extremely acidic conditions. To maintain optimal desulfurization performance and avoid biofilm overgrowth in the BTF system, biofilm mass should be maintained within 20-22 g/L-BTF. This can be achieved by adding 1.0 g/L-BTF glucose every 20 days under a load rate of H2S in 50-90 g/m3/h and a trickling liquid velocity of 1.8 m/h. Extremely acidic conditions eliminated non-aciduric microorganisms so that the addition of organics can increase the abundance of acidophilic mixotrophic SOB (>99 %), thus offering a novel strategy for enhancing H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Tanikawa D, Motokawa D, Itoiri Y, Kimura ZI, Ito M, Nagano A. Biogas purification and ammonia load reduction in sewage treatment by two-stage down-flow hanging sponge reactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158355. [PMID: 36041617 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a two-stage down-flow hanging sponge (TSDHS) reactor was used as biotrickling filter for biogas desulfurization by utilizing the anaerobic digester supernatant (ADS) of sewage sludge of an activated sludge process (ASP). The reactor comprises a closed-type first-stage down-flow hanging sponge (1st DHS) and an open-type second-stage down-flow hanging sponge (2nd DHS) reactors. In the 1st DHS, hydrogen sulfide in biogas was dissolved into the ADS, and then it was oxidized into elemental sulfur and sulfate by microbe using dissolved oxygen and nitrite in the ADS. More than 99.9 % of hydrogen sulfide was removed within 400 s of empty bed residence time, and >50 % of removed hydrogen sulfide was oxidized into elemental sulfur and accumulated at the surface of the sponge carrier in the 1st DHS. The 1st DHS effluent was fed into the 2nd DHS for nitrogen removal via nitrification and sulfur-based denitrification with the recirculation of the 2nd DHS effluent under nonaeration condition. In the 2nd DHS, 36.8 % of ammonia and 5.3 % of total inorganic nitrogen were removed. Sulfurimonas and Halothiobacillus were increased and contributed to the sulfur-based denitrification as well as the accumulation of elemental sulfur in the 1st DHS, respectively. In the 2nd DHS, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, and Sulfuritalea were considered as the contributors of nitrogen removal via nitrification and sulfur-based denitrification. Further, this study shows that a TSDHS reactor can achieve not only desulfurization of biogas in the 1st DHS but also a 3.5 %-15 % reduction of the ammonia load in the 2nd DHS by effective utilization of the ADS during sewage treatment, assuming that the ADS is returned to the ASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tanikawa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kure College, P.C. 7378506 Kure, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Motokawa
- Advanced Course, Project Design Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kure College, P.C. 7378506 Kure, Japan
| | - Yuya Itoiri
- Advanced Course, Project Design Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kure College, P.C. 7378506 Kure, Japan
| | - Zen-Ichiro Kimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Kure College, P.C. 7378506 Kure, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Technical Research & Development Center, Sanki Engineering Co., Ltd., P.C. 2420007 Yamato, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nagano
- Technical Research & Development Center, Sanki Engineering Co., Ltd., P.C. 2420007 Yamato, Japan
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Zhu Y, Di Capua F, Li D, Li H. Enhancement and mechanisms of micron-pyrite driven autotrophic denitrification with different pretreatments for treating organic-limited waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136306. [PMID: 36067811 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pyrite-driven autotrophic denitrification (PAD) represents a cheap and promising way for nitrogen removal from organic-limited wastewater, which has obtained increasing attention in recent years. However, the limited denitrification rate and unclear mechanism underlying the process have hindered the engineered application of PAD. This study aims to shed light on the impacts of different pretreatments (i.e., ultrasonication, acid-washing and calcination) on micron-pyrite surface characteristics, denitrification performance and biofilm formation during PAD in batch reactors. A series of solid-phase analyses revealed that all pretreatments could significantly promote biofilm attachment on pyrite granules, but impacted the proportion, distribution and chemical oxidation state of sulfur (S) and iron (Fe) at varying degrees. Batch tests showed that ultrasonication and acid-washing could enhance the total nitrogen reduction rate by 14% and 99%, and decrease the sulfate production rate by 51% and 42%, respectively, when compared with untreated pyrite. Microbial community analysis indicated that Thiobacillus and Rhodanobacter dominated in PAD systems. Two types of indirect mechanisms (i.e., contact and non-contact) for pyrite leaching may co-occur in PAD system, resulting in ferrous iron (Fe2+), thiosulfate (S2O32-) and sulfide (S2-) as the main electron donors for denitrification. A PAD mechanism model was proposed to describe the PAD electron transfer pathway with the aim to optimize the engineered application of PAD for nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil Environmental Land Construction and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Duanxin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaizheng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
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Sempere F, Sánchez C, Baeza-Serrano Á, Montoya T. Anoxic desulphurisation of biogas from full-scale anaerobic digesters in suspended biomass bioreactors valorising previously nitrified digestate centrate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129641. [PMID: 35882172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification of centrate from anaerobic sewage sludge digestion presents a major opportunity as an electron acceptor in anoxic biogas biodesulphurisation. Nitritation and nitrification inhibition by free ammonia was detected at laboratory scale, but was avoided during the scale-up operation in a 4 m3 reactor treating ammonium loads up to 19 gN m-3 h-1. This nitrate-rich stream was fed to two pilot-scale suspended biomass bioreactors (SBBs) treating real biogas for 220 days. After an adaptation period of 21 days, nitrate and alkalinity concentrations in the liquid medium below 10 mgN L-1 and 100 mgCaCO3 L-1 were found to limit hydrogen sulphide (H2S) oxidation. Once controlled, 95% of the H2S was removed in SBB1 and 90% in SBB2, at a gas residence time (GRT) of 5.9 min, treating average values of 321 ± 205 ppmv and 457 ± 205 ppmv, respectively. Outlet H2S concentrations of 16 ± 24 ppmv in SBB1 and 46 ± 39 ppmv in SBB2 were obtained, which are below the requirements of biogas combustion heat and power engines. Unlike H2S, siloxanes were not removed with these GRTs. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the combined process for H2S treatment, potential valorisation of precipitated elemental sulphur and a reduction in the reagents currently used to control H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliu Sempere
- Global Omnium Medioambiente, S.L., Gran Via Marqués del Túria 19, 46005 València, Spain.
| | - Camino Sánchez
- Global Omnium Medioambiente, S.L., Gran Via Marqués del Túria 19, 46005 València, Spain
| | - Ángela Baeza-Serrano
- Global Omnium Medioambiente, S.L., Gran Via Marqués del Túria 19, 46005 València, Spain
| | - Tatiana Montoya
- Global Omnium Medioambiente, S.L., Gran Via Marqués del Túria 19, 46005 València, Spain
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8
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Chen F, Li Z, Ye Y, Lv M, Liang B, Yuan Y, Cheng HY, Liu Y, He Z, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang A. Coupled sulfur and electrode-driven autotrophic denitrification for significantly enhanced nitrate removal. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118675. [PMID: 35635922 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur (S0)-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) has gained intensive attention in the treatment of secondary effluent for its low cost, high efficiency, and good stability. However, in practice, the supplementary addition of limestone is necessary to balance the alkalinity consumption during SAD operation, which increases water hardness and reduces the effective reaction volume. In this study, a coupled sulfur and electrode-driven autotrophic denitrification (SEAD) process was proposed with superior nitrate removal performance, less accumulation of sulfate, and self-balance of acidity-alkalinity capacity by regulating the applied voltage. The dual-channel electron supply from S0 and electrodes made the nitrate removal rate constant k in the SEAD process 3.7-5.1 and 1.4-3.5 times higher than that of the single electrode- and sulfur-driven systems, respectively. The S° contributed to 75.3%-83.1% of nitrate removal and the sulfate yield during SEAD (5.67-6.26 mg SO42-/mg NO3--N) was decreased by 17%-25% compared with SAD. The S0 particle and electrode both as active bio-carriers constructed collaborative denitrification communities and functional genes. Pseudomonas, Ralstonia and Brevundimonas were the dominant denitrifying genera in S0 particle biofilm, while Pseudomonas, Chryseobacterium, Pantoea and Comamonas became dominant denitrifying genera in the cathode biofilm. The narG/Z/H/Y/I/V, nxrA/B, napA/B, nirS/K, norB/C and nosZ were potential functional genes for efficient nitrate reduction during the SEAD process. Metagenomic sequencing indicated that S0 as an electron donor has greater potential for complete denitrification than the electrode. These findings revealed the potential of SEAD for acting as a highly efficient post denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China; School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Yin Ye
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Miao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ye Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, P.R. China
| | - Zhangwei He
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, P.R. China
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
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A Two-Stage Biogas Desulfurization Process Using Cellular Concrete Filtration and an Anoxic Biotrickling Filter. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15103762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A two-stage desulfurization process including an abiotic filtration using cellular concrete waste (first stage) and an anoxic biotrickling filter filling with an inoculated expanded schist material (second stage) was investigated to remove H2S in mimic biogas with limited O2 amount (ranged from 0.5 to 0.8%). The two-stage process was able to satisfactorily remove H2S for all experimental conditions (RE > 97%; H2S concentration = 1500 mg m−3; total Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRT) = 200 s; removal capacity (RC) = 26 g m−3 h−1). Moreover, at a total EBRT = 360 s (i.e., 180 s for each stage), the H2S loading rate (LR) was almost treated by the bed of cellular concrete alone, indicating that abiotic filtration could be applied to satisfactorily remove H2S contained in the gas. According to the H2S concentration entering the biotrickling filter, the majority end-product was either elemental sulfur (S0) or sulfate (SO42−). Thus, the ability of the abiotic filter to remove a significant part of H2S would avoid the clogging of the biotrickling filter due to the deposit of S0. Consequently, this two-stage desulfurization process is a promising technology for efficient and economical biogas cleaning adapted to biogas containing limited O2 amounts, such as landfill biogas.
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Jia T, Sun S, Zhao Q, Peng Y, Zhang L. Extremely acidic condition (pH<1.0) as a novel strategy to achieve high-efficient hydrogen sulfide removal in biotrickling filter: Biomass accumulation, sulfur oxidation pathway and microbial analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133770. [PMID: 35101433 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extremely acidic conditions (pH < 1.0) during hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biotreatment significantly reduce the cost of pH regulation; however, there remain challenges to its applications. The present study investigated the H2S removal and biomass variations in biotrickling filter (BTF) under long-term highly acidic conditions. A BTF operated for 144 days at pH 0.5-1.0 achieved an H2S elimination capacity (EC) of 109.9 g/(m3·h) (removal efficiency = 97.0%) at an empty bed retention time of 20 s, with an average biomass concentration at 20.6 g/L-BTF. The biomass concentration at neutral pH increased from 22.3 to 49.5 g/L-BTF within 28 days. In this case, elemental sulfur (S0) accumulated due to insufficient oxygen transfer in biofilm, which aggravated the BTF blockage problem. After long-term domestication under extremely acidic conditions, a mixotrophic acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) Alicyclobacillus (abundance 55.4%) were enriched in the extremely acidic biofilm, while non-aciduric bacteria were eliminated, which maintained the balance of biofilm thickness. Biofilm with optimum thickness ensured oxygen transfer and H2S oxidation, avoiding the accumulation of S0. The BTF performance improved due to the enrichment of active mixotrophic SOB with high abundance under extremely acidic conditions. The mixotrophic SOB is expected to be further enriched under extremely acidic conditions by adding carbohydrates to enhance H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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11
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Schwarz A, Gaete M, Nancucheo I, Villa-Gomez D, Aybar M, Sbárbaro D. High-Rate Sulfate Removal Coupled to Elemental Sulfur Production in Mining Process Waters Based on Membrane-Biofilm Technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:805712. [PMID: 35340841 PMCID: PMC8942777 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.805712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is anticipated that copper mining output will significantly increase over the next 20 years because of the more intensive use of copper in electricity-related technologies such as for transport and clean power generation, leading to a significant increase in the impacts on water resources if stricter regulations and as a result cleaner mining and processing technologies are not implemented. A key concern of discarded copper production process water is sulfate. In this study we aim to transform sulfate into sulfur in real mining process water. For that, we operate a sequential 2-step membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) system. We coupled a hydrogenotrophic MBfR (H2-MBfR) for sulfate reduction to an oxidizing MBfR (O2-MBfR) for oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur. A key process improvement of the H2-MBfR was online pH control, which led to stable high-rate sulfate removal not limited by biomass accumulation and with H2 supply that was on demand. The H2-MBfR easily adapted to increasing sulfate loads, but the O2-MBfR was difficult to adjust to the varying H2-MBfR outputs, requiring better coupling control. The H2-MBfR achieved high average volumetric sulfate reduction performances of 1.7-3.74 g S/m3-d at 92-97% efficiencies, comparable to current high-rate technologies, but without requiring gas recycling and recompression and by minimizing the H2 off-gassing risk. On the other hand, the O2-MBfR reached average volumetric sulfur production rates of 0.7-2.66 g S/m3-d at efficiencies of 48-78%. The O2-MBfR needs further optimization by automatizing the gas feed, evaluating the controlled removal of excess biomass and S0 particles accumulating in the biofilm, and achieving better coupling control between both reactors. Finally, an economic/sustainability evaluation shows that MBfR technology can benefit from the green production of H2 and O2 at operating costs which compare favorably with membrane filtration, without generating residual streams, and with the recovery of valuable elemental sulfur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Schwarz
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María Gaete
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván Nancucheo
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Denys Villa-Gomez
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marcelo Aybar
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniel Sbárbaro
- Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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12
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Das J, Ravishankar H, Lens PNL. Biological biogas purification: Recent developments, challenges and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114198. [PMID: 34864410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raw biogas generated in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process contains several undesired constituents such as H2S, CO2, NH3, siloxanes and VOCs. These gases affect the direct application of biogas, and are a prime concern in biogas utilization processes. Conventional physico-chemical biogas purification methods are energy-intensive and expensive. To promote sustainable development and environmental friendly technologies, biological biogas purification technologies can be applied. This review describes biological technologies for both upstream and downstream processing in terms of pollutant removal mechanisms and efficiency, bioreactor configurations and different operating conditions. Limitations of the biological approaches and their future scope are also highlighted. A conceptual framework Driver-Pressure-Stress-Impact-Response (DPSIR) and Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis have been applied to analyse the present situation and future scope of biological biogas clean-up technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Das
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland; Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh.
| | - Harish Ravishankar
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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13
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Pang Y, Wang J. Various electron donors for biological nitrate removal: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148699. [PMID: 34214813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) pollution in water and wastewater has become a serious global issue. Biological denitrification, which reduces NO3- to N2 (nitrogen gas) by denitrifying microorganisms, is an efficient and economical process for the removal of NO3- from water and wastewater. During the denitrification process, electron donor is required to provide electrons for reduction of NO3-. A variety of electron donors, including organic and inorganic compounds, can be used for denitrification. This paper reviews the state of the art of various electron donors used for biological denitrification. Depending on the types of electron donors, denitrification can be classified into heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification. Heterotrophic denitrification utilizes organic compounds as electron donors, including low-molecular-weight organics (e.g. acetate, methanol, glucose, benzene, methane, etc.) and high-molecular-weight organics (e.g. cellulose, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, etc.); while autotrophic denitrification utilizes inorganic compounds as electron donors, including hydrogen (H2), reduced sulfur compounds (e.g. sulfide, element sulfur and thiosulfate), ferrous iron (Fe2+), iron sulfides (e.g. FeS, Fe1-xS and FeS2), arsenite (As(Ш)) and manganese (Mn(II)). The biological denitrification processes and the representative denitrifying microorganisms are summarized based on different electron donors, and their denitrification performance, operating costs and environmental impacts are compared and discussed. The pilot- or full-scale applications were summarized. The concluding remarks and future prospects were provided. The biodegradable polymers mediated heterotrophic denitrification, as well as H2 and sulfur mediated autotrophic denitrification are promising denitrification processes for NO3- removal from various types of water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Pang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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14
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Huan C, Lyu Q, Tong X, Li H, Zeng Y, Liu Y, Jiang X, Ji G, Xu L, Yan Z. Analyses of deodorization performance of mixotrophic biotrickling filter reactor using different industrial and agricultural wastes as packing material. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126608. [PMID: 34280718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, to efficiently remove malodorous gas and reduce secondary pollution under mixotrophic conditions, pine bark, coal cinder, straw and mobile bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) fillers were used as packing materials in a biological trickling filter (BTF) to simultaneously treat high-concentration H2S and NH3. The results showed that the removal rate of BTF-A filled with pine bark was the highest, which was 86.31% and 94.06% under the H2S and NH3 loading rates of 53.59 g/m³·h while the empty bed residence time (EBRT) was 40.5 s. The theoretical maximum load was obtained by fitting the kinetic curve, and the value were 90.09 g H2S m-³·h-1 and 172.41 g NH3 m-³·h-1. Meanwhile, after treating with 720 ppm of NH3, the average concentration of NO3- in the BTF circulating fluid was only 127.58 mg/L, indicating the better performance of secondary pollutants control. Microbiological analysis showed that Dokdonella, Micropruina, Candidatus_Alysiosphaera, Nakamurella and Thiobacillus possessed high abundance at the genus level, and their entire percentage in four BTF reactors were 62.87%, 46.32%, 47.98%, and 57.35% respectively. It is worthwhile that the genera Comamonas and Trichococcus with heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification capabilities and proportion of 3.66%, 1.45%, 5.43%, and 3.23% were observed in four reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Huan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Haihong Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinru Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gaosheng Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lishan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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15
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Asik G, Yilmaz T, Di Capua F, Ucar D, Esposito G, Sahinkaya E. Sequential sulfur-based denitrification/denitritation and nanofiltration processes for drinking water treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113083. [PMID: 34171780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and cost-effective solutions for nitrogen removal are necessary to ensure the availability of safe drinking water. This study proposes a combined treatment for nitrogen-contaminated groundwater by sequential autotrophic nitrogen removal in a sulfur-packed bed reactor (SPBR) and excess sulfate rejection via nanofiltration (NF). Autotrophic nitrogen removal in the SPBR was investigated under both denitrification and denitritation conditions under different NO3- and NO2- loading rates (LRs) and feeding strategies (NO3- only, NO2- only, or both NO3- and NO2- in the feed). Batch activity tests were carried out during SPBR operation to evaluate the effect of different feeding conditions on nitrogen removal activity by the SPBR biofilm. Bacteria responsible for nitrogen removal in the bioreactor were identified via Illumina sequencing. Dead-end filtration tests were performed with NF membranes to investigate the elimination of excess sulfate from the SPBR effluent. This study demonstrates that the combined process results in effective groundwater treatment and evidences that an adequately high nitrogen LR should be maintained to avoid the generation of excess sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulfem Asik
- Bioengineering Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tulay Yilmaz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Deniz Ucar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bursa Technical University, 16310, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Erkan Sahinkaya
- Bioengineering Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Mixotrophic bacteria for environmental detoxification of contaminated waste and wastewater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6627-6648. [PMID: 34468802 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mixotrophic bacteria provide a desirable alternative to the use of classical heterotrophic or chemolithoautotrophic bacteria in environmental technology, particularly under limiting nutrients conditions. Their bi-modal ability of adapting to inorganic or organic carbon feed and sulfur, nitrogen, or even heavy metal stress conditions are attractive features to achieve efficient bacterial activity and favorable operation conditions for the environmental detoxification or remediation of contaminated waste and wastewater. This review provides an overview on the state of the art and summarizes the metabolic traits of the most promising and emerging non-model mixotrophic bacteria for the environmental detoxification of contaminated wastewater and waste containing excess amounts of limiting nutrients. Although mixotrophic bacteria usually function with low organic carbon sources, the unusual capabilities of mixotrophic electroactive exoelectrogens and electrotrophs in bioelectrochemical systems and in microbial electrosynthesis for accelerating simultaneous metabolism of inorganic or organic C and N, S or heavy metals are reviewed. The identification of the mixotrophic properties of electroactive bacteria and their capability to drive mono- or bidirectional electron transfer processes are highly exciting and promising aspects. These aspects provide an appealing potential for unearthing new mixotrophic exoelectrogens and electrotrophs, and thus inspire the next generation of microbial electrochemical technology and mixotrophic bacterial metabolic engineering. KEY POINTS: • Mixotrophic bacteria efficiently and simultaneously remove C and N, S or heavy metals. • Exoelectrogens and electrotrophs accelerate metabolism of C and N, S or heavy metals. • New mixotrophic exoelectrogens and electrotrophs should be discovered and exploited.
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Feng S, Jiang Z, Chen Y, Gong L, Tong Y, Zhang H, Huang X, Yang H. Simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization-S 0 recovery of wastewater in trickling filters by bioaugmentation intervention based on avoiding collapse critical points. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112834. [PMID: 34049056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to better achieve efficiently simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification/S0 recovery of wastewater, the intervention of sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and denitrifying bacteria (DNB) was employed to avoid the collapse critical points (the dramatically decrease of S/N removal efficiency) under the fluctuated load. With the assistance of DNB and SOB, collapse critical point of trickling filter (TF) was delayed from the P8 (105-114 d) to P10 stage (129-138 d). The treatment efficiency of nitrogen and sulfur was the highest with the S/N ratio of 3:1. The bioaugmentation of DNB and SOB at collapse critical point could effectively regulated collapse situation, which further increased the maximum system utilization/elimination capacity to 4.50 kg S m-3·h-1 and 0.90 kg N m-3·h-1 (increased by 56.89% and 65.56% in comparison to control). High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that Proteobacteria (average 78.59%) and Bacteroidetes (average 9.30%) were dominant bacteria in the reactor at all stages. As the reaction proceeds, the microbial community was gradually dominated by some functional genera such as Chryseobacterium (average 2.97%), Halothiobacillus (average 22.71%), Rhodanobacter (average 14.02%), Thiobacillus (average 9.01%), Thiomonas (average 16.70%) and Metallibacterium (average 21.63%), which could remove nitrate or sulfide. Both of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) demonstrated the important role of DNB/SOB during the long-term run in the trickling filters (TFs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoushuai Feng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China
| | - Zhenming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China
| | - Liangqi Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China
| | - Yanjun Tong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China.
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Shandong, 408100, China
| | - Xing Huang
- WUXI City Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China
| | - Hailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 1800, Lihu Road, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, China.
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18
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Bu H, Carvalho G, Yuan Z, Bond P, Jiang G. Biotrickling filter for the removal of volatile sulfur compounds from sewers: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130333. [PMID: 33780683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were identified as the dominant priority odorants emitted from sewers, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (MM), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS). Biotrickling filter (BTF) is a widely-applied technology for odour abatement in sewers because of its relatively low operating cost and efficient H2S removal. The authors review the mechanisms and performance of BTF for the removal of these four VSCs, and discuss the key influencing factors including of empty bed residence time (EBRT), pH, temperature, nutrients, water content, trickling operation and packing materials. Besides, measures to improve the VSCs removal in BTF are proposed in the context of key influencing factors. Finally, the review assesses the new challenges of BTF for sewer emissions treatment, namely with respect to the performance of BTF for greenhouse gases (GHG) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip Bond
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia
| | - Guangming Jiang
- School of Civil, Mining & Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
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19
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Peng C, Fan X, Xu Y, Ren H, Huang H. Microscopic analysis towards rhamnolipid-mediated adhesion of Thiobacillus denitrificans: A QCM-D study. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129539. [PMID: 33434821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnolipid was proved to increase the abundance of Thiobacillus denitrificans in the mixotrophic denitrification biofilm while its microscopic mechanism remains to be explored. Effect of rhamnolipids on deposition of macromolecular substances and adhesion of Thiobacillus denitrificans at room (20 °C) and low temperature (10 °C) were systematically investigated by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) for the first time. Results showed that low concentration of rhamnolipids (20-80 mg/L) could promote the deposition of macromolecular substances by reducing hydraulic repulsion force, with the maximum deposition amount increased by 4.28 times than that of the control at room temperature. Deposition amount of microorganisms could be improved by increasing its concentration at room temperature while it didn't work at low temperature. Meanwhile, low temperature could significantly inhibit adhesion of Thiobacillus denitrificans (p < 0.05) and deposited layers under low concentration of rhamnolipids were generally rigid, resulting in the negative feedback effect on the microorganisms' adhesion. While high concentration of rhamnolipids (120-200 mg/L) could regulate the biofilm from rigid to viscoelastic and significantly promote the initial adhesion of Thiobacillus denitrificans on SiO2 surface (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated the microscopic mechanism of rhamnolipids on the initial biofilm formation, that is, the reduction of hydration repulsion force was responsible for the enhanced deposition of macromolecules while the regulation of biofilm properties was account for the promoted adhesion of Thiobacillus denitrificans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yujin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Markers for the Comparison of the Performances of Anoxic Biotrickling Filters in Biogas Desulphurisation: A Critical Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The agriculture and livestock industry generate waste used in anaerobic digestion to produce biogas containing methane (CH4), useful in the generation of electricity and heat. However, although biogas is mainly composed of CH4 (~65%) and CO2 (~34%), among the 1% of other compounds present is hydrogen sulphide (H2S) which deteriorates engines and power generation fuel cells that use biogas, generating a foul smell and contaminating the environment. As a solution to this, anoxic biofiltration, specifically with biotrickling filters (BTFs), stands out in terms of the elimination of H2S as it is cost-effective, efficient, and more environmentally friendly than chemical solutions. Research on the topic is uneven in terms of presenting performance markers, underestimating many microbiological indicators. Research from the last decade was analyzed (2010–2020), demonstrating that only 56% of the reviewed publications did not report microbiological analysis related to sulphur oxidising bacteria (SOB), the most important microbial group in desulphurisation BTFs. This exposes fundamental deficiencies within this type of research and difficulties in comparing performance between research works. In this review, traditional and microbiological performance markers of anoxic biofiltration to remove H2S are described. Additionally, an analysis to assess the efficiency of anoxic BTFs for biogas desulphurisation is proposed in order to have a complete and uniform assessment for research in this field.
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Towards an Energy Self-Sufficient Resource Recovery Facility by Improving Energy and Economic Balance of a Municipal WWTP with Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14051445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The recent trend of turning wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into energy self-sufficient resource recovery facilities has led to a constant search for solutions that fit into that concept. One of them is chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT), which provides an opportunity to increase biogas production and to significantly reduce the amount of sludge for final disposal. Laboratory, pilot, and full-scale trials were conducted for the coagulation and sedimentation of primary sludge (PS) with iron sulphate (PIX). Energy and economic balance calculations were conducted based on the obtained results. Experimental trials indicated that CEPT contributed to an increase in biogas production by 21% and to a decrease in sludge volume for final disposal by 12% weight. Furthermore, the application of CEPT may lead to a decreased energy demand for aeration by 8%. The removal of nitrogen in an autotrophic manner in the side stream leads to a further reduction in energy consumption in WWTP (up to 20%). In consequence, the modeling results showed that it would be possible to increase the energy self-sufficiency for WWTP up to 93% if CEPT is applied or even higher (up to 96%) if, additionally, nitrogen removal in the side stream is implemented. It was concluded that CEPT would reduce the operating cost by over 650,000 EUR/year for WWTP at 1,000,000 people equivalent, with a municipal wastewater input of 105,000 m3/d.
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Liu X, Wang B, Lv X, Meng Q, Li M. Enhanced removal of hydrogen sulfide using novel nanofluid system composed of deep eutectic solvent and Cu nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124271. [PMID: 33097341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The H2S removal performances of four deep eutectic solvent (DES) based nanofluid (NF) systems were measured using dynamic absorption experiment. The Cu containing NF system is found to be an excellent absorbent for H2S removal with a significantly enhanced desulfurization performance compared with DES original solution. Besides, the NF systems have relatively high regeneration performance. The NF systems and Cu nanoparticles before and after absorption as well as after regeneration were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS). It is found that the ethanolamine, choline cation and sulfur were accumulated on the surface of Cu nanoparticles after absorption, and the bulk elements on the surface were identified as Cu and S after regeneration. The S-2 was existed in the form of Cu2S, and some sulfur was oxidized to zero-valent sulfur after regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
| | - Baohua Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Qingmei Meng
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Menghong Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
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Flores-Cortés M, Pérez-Trevilla J, de María Cuervo-López F, Buitrón G, Quijano G. H 2S oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction in a two-stage bioreactor: Targeting H 2S-rich biogas desulfurization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:76-84. [PMID: 33285376 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A two-stage bioreactor operated under anoxic denitrifying conditions was evaluated for desulfurization of synthetic biogas laden with H2S concentrations between 2500 and 10,000 ppmv. H2S removal efficiencies higher than 95% were achieved for H2S loads ranging from 16.2 to 51.9 gS mliquid-3h-1. Average H2S oxidation performance (fraction of S-SO42- produced per gram of S-H2S absorbed) ranged between 8.2 ± 1.2 and 18.7 ± 5.3% under continuous liquid operation. Nitrogen mass balance showed that only 2-6% of the N-NO3- consumed was directed to biomass growth and the rest was directed to denitrification. Significant changes in the bacterial community composition did not hinder the H2S removal efficiency. The bioreactor configuration proposed avoided clogging issues due to elemental sulfur accumulation as commonly occurs in packed bed bioreactors devoted to H2S-rich biogas desulfurization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Flores-Cortés
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Jaime Pérez-Trevilla
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Flor de María Cuervo-López
- Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Germán Buitrón
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Quijano
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Instituto de Ingeniería, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
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Ya T, Du S, Li Z, Liu S, Zhu M, Liu X, Jing Z, Hai R, Wang X. Successional Dynamics of Molecular Ecological Network of Anammox Microbial Communities under Elevated Salinity. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116540. [PMID: 33126006 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Response of microbial interactions to environmental perturbations has been a central issue in wastewater treatment system. However, the interactions among anammox microbial community under salt perturbation is still unclear. Here, we used random matrix theory (RMT)-based network analysis to investigate the dynamics of networks under elevated salinity in an anammox system. Results showed that high salinity (20 and 30 g/L NaCl) inhibited anammox performance. Salinity led to closer and more complex networks for the overall network and subnetwork of Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria, especially under low salinity (5 g/L NaCl), which could serve as a strategy to survive under salt perturbation. Planctomycetes, most dominant phylum and playing crucial roles in anammox, possessed higher proportion of competitive relationships (64.3%) under 30 g/L NaCl. OTU 109 (closely related to Ignavibacterium), the only network hub detected in the anammox system, also had larger amount of competitive relationships (27.3%) than the control (0%) under 30 g/L NaCl. Similar result was found for the most abundant keystone bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia. These increasing competitions at different taxa level could be responsible for the deterioration of nitrogen removal. Besides, all the network topological features tended to reach the values of the original network, which showed the network of microbial community could gradually adapt to the elevated salinity. Microbial network analysis adds a different dimension for our understanding of the response in microbial community to elevated salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ya
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuai Du
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Guo Dian Fu Tong Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070
| | - Zhenyang Li
- Airport New City in Xixian New Area Management Commission of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 712034, China
| | - Shidi Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zibo Jing
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Reti Hai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Koh SH, Shaw AR. Gaseous emissions from wastewater facilities. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1412-1417. [PMID: 32574390 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A review of the literature published in 2019 on topics relating to gaseous emissions from wastewater facilities is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: odorant emissions from Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRFs); greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; gaseous emissions from wastewater collection systems; physiochemical odor/emissions control methods; biological odor/emissions control methods; odor/GHG characterization and monitoring; and odor impacts/risk assessments. © 2020 Water Environment Federation PRACTITIONER POINTS: Provide a quick reference list for readers who do not have time to go through the 2019 published articles. This prescreening of relevant literatures will save them time and effort. Utilities, engineers, and researchers can identify knowledge gaps, which help them to plan for future testing and R&D needs. Designers can make use of the lit review findings to support their design.
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Yu YH, Su JF, Shih Y, Wang J, Wang PY, Huang CP. Hazardous wastes treatment technologies. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1833-1860. [PMID: 32866315 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A review of the literature published in 2019 on topics related to hazardous waste management in water, soils, sediments, and air. The review covered treatment technologies applying physical, chemical, and biological principles for the remediation of contaminated water, soils, sediments, and air. PRACTICAL POINTS: This report provides a review of technologies for the management of waters, wastewaters, air, sediments, and soils contaminated by various hazardous chemicals including inorganic (e.g., oxyanions, salts, and heavy metals), organic (e.g., halogenated, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, and persistent organic chemicals) in three scientific areas of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods for the management of hazardous wastes including general adsorption, sand filtration, coagulation/flocculation, electrodialysis, electrokinetics, electro-sorption ( capacitive deionization, CDI), membrane (RO, NF, MF), photocatalysis, photoelectrochemical oxidation, sonochemical, non-thermal plasma, supercritical fluid, electrochemical oxidation, and electrochemical reduction processes were reviewed. Chemical methods including ozone-based, hydrogen peroxide-based, potassium permanganate processes, and Fenton and Fenton-like process were reviewed. Biological methods such as aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic, bioreactors, constructed wetlands, soil bioremediation and biofilter processes for the management of hazardous wastes, in mode of consortium and pure culture were reviewed. Case histories were reviewed in four areas including contaminated sediments, contaminated soils, mixed industrial solid wastes and radioactive wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Jenn Fang Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yujen Shih
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Essngineering, National Sun yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Po Yen Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Widener University, Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chin Pao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Jia CS, Li J, Liu YS, Peng XL, Jia X, Zhang LH, Jiang R, Li XP, Liu JY, Zhao YL. Predictions of thermodynamic properties for hydrogen sulfide. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Comparing Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Efficiency in a Field-Scale Digester Using Microaeration and Iron Filters. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13184793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological desulfurization of biogas from a field-scale anaerobic digester in Peru was tested using air injection (microaeration) in separate duplicate vessels and chemical desulfurization using duplicate iron filters to compare hydrogen sulfide (H2S) reduction, feasibility, and cost. Microaeration was tested after biogas retention times of 2 and 4 h after a single injection of ambient air at 2 L/min. The microaeration vessels contained digester sludge to seed sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and facilitate H2S removal. The average H2S removal efficiency using iron filters was 32.91%, with a maximum of 70.21%. The average H2S removal efficiency by iron filters was significantly lower than microaeration after 2 and 4 h retention times (91.5% and 99.8%, respectively). The longer retention time (4 h) resulted in a higher average removal efficiency (99.8%) compared to 2 h (91.5%). The sulfur concentration in the microaeration treatment vessel was 493% higher after 50 days of treatments, indicating that the bacterial community present in the liquid phase of the vessels effectively sequestered the sulfur compounds from the biogas. The H2S removal cost for microaeration (2 h: $29/m3 H2S removed; and 4 h: $27/m3 H2S removed) was an order of magnitude lower than for the iron filter ($382/m3 H2S removed). In the small-scale anaerobic digestion system in Peru, microaeration was more efficient and cost effective for desulfurizing the biogas than the use of iron filters.
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Di Capua F, Mascolo MC, Pirozzi F, Esposito G. Simultaneous denitrification, phosphorus recovery and low sulfate production in a recirculated pyrite-packed biofilter (RPPB). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126977. [PMID: 32402891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous removal of nitrate (15 mg N-NO3- L-1) and phosphate (12 mg P-PO43- L-1) from nutrient-polluted synthetic water was investigated in a recirculated pyrite-packed biofilter (RPPB) under hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranging from 2 to 11 h. HRT values ≥ 8 h resulted in nitrate and phosphate average removal efficiency (RE) higher than 90% and 70%, respectively. Decrease of HRT to 2 h significantly reduced the RE of both nitrogen and phosphorus. The RPPB showed high resiliency as reactor performance recovered immediately after HRT increase to 5 h. Solid-phase characterization of pyrite granules and backwashing material collected from the RPPB at the end of the study revealed that iron-phosphate, -hydroxide and -sulfate precipitated in the bioreactor. Thermodynamic modeling predicted the formation of S0 during the study. Residence time distribution tests showed semi-complete mixing hydrodynamic flow conditions in the RPPB. The RPPB can be considered an elegant and low-cost technology coupling biological nitrogen removal to the recovery of phosphorus, iron and sulfur via chemical precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Mascolo
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Chakraborty S, Rene ER, Lens PNL, Rintala J, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Effect of tungsten and selenium on C 1 gas bioconversion by an enriched anaerobic sludge and microbial community analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126105. [PMID: 32092562 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of trace metals, namely tungsten and selenium, on the production of acids and alcohols through gas fermentation by a CO-enriched anaerobic sludge in a continuous gas-fed bioreactor was investigated. The CO-enriched sludge was first supplied with a tungsten-deficient medium (containing selenium) and in a next assay, a selenium-deficient medium (containing tungsten) was fed to the bioreactor, at a CO gas flow rate of 10 mL/min. In the absence of tungsten (tungstate), an initial pH of 6.2 followed by a pH decrease to 4.9 yielded 7.34 g/L acetic acid as the major acid during the high pH period. Subsequently, bioconversion of the acids at a lower pH of 4.9 yielded only 1.85 g/L ethanol and 1.2 g/L butanol in the absence of tungsten (tungstate). A similar follow up assay in the same bioreactor with two consecutive periods at different pH values (i.e., 6.2 and 4.9) with a selenium deficient medium yielded 6.6 g/L acetic acid at pH 6.2 and 4 g/L ethanol as well as 1.88 g/L butanol at pH 4.9. The results from the microbial community analysis showed that the only known CO fixing microorganism able to produce alcohols detected in the bioreactor was Clostridium autoethanogenum, both in the tungsten and the selenium deprived media, although that species has so far not been reported to be able to produce butanol. No other solventogenic acetogen was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samayita Chakraborty
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - María C Veiga
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Kennes
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory (BIOENGIN Group), Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008, La Coruña, Spain.
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Xie L, Zhu J, Hu J, Jiang C. Study of the Mass Transfer–Biodegradation Kinetics in a Pilot-Scale Biotrickling Filter for the Removal of H 2S. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Chongwen Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Groundwater is the environmental matrix that is most frequently affected by anthropogenic hexavalent chromium contamination. Due to its carcinogenicity, Cr(VI) has to be removed, using environmental-friendly and economically sustainable remediation technologies. BioElectrochemical Systems (BESs), applied to bioremediation, thereby offering a promising alternative to traditional bioremediation techniques, without affecting the natural groundwater conditions. Some bacterial families are capable of oxidizing and/or reducing a solid electrode obtaining an energetic advantage for their own growth. In the present study, we assessed the possibility of stimulating bioelectrochemical reduction of Cr(VI) in a dual-chamber polarized system using an electrode as the sole energy source. To develop an electroactive microbial community three electrodes were, at first, inserted into the anodic compartment of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell, and inoculated with sludge from an anaerobic digester. After a period of acclimation, one electrode was transferred into a polarized system and it was fixed at −0.3 V (versus standard hydrogen electrode, SHE), to promote the reduction of 1000 µg Cr(VI) L−1. A second electrode, served for the set-up of an open circuit control, operated in parallel. Cr(VI) dissolved concentration was analysed at the initial, during the experiment and final time by spectrophotometric method. Initial and final microbial characterization of the communities enriched in polarized system and open circuit control was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bioelectrode set at −0.3 V showed high Cr(VI) removal efficiency (up to 93%) and about 150 µg L−1 day−1 removal rate. Similar efficiency was observed in the open circuit (OC) even at about half rate. Whereas, purely electrochemical reduction, limited to 35%, due to neutral operating conditions. These results suggest that bioelectrochemical Cr(VI) removal by polarized electrode offers a promising new and sustainable approach to the treatment of groundwater Cr(VI) plumes, deserving further research.
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Iannacone F, Di Capua F, Granata F, Gargano R, Pirozzi F, Esposito G. Effect of carbon-to-nitrogen ratio on simultaneous nitrification denitrification and phosphorus removal in a microaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109518. [PMID: 31518800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, long-term simultaneous nitrification denitrification (SND) and phosphorous removal were investigated in a continuous-flow microaerobic MBBR (mMBBR) operated at a dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 1.0 (±0.2) mg L-1. The mMBBR performance was evaluated at different feed carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios (2.7, 4.2 and 5.6) and HRTs (2 days and 1 day). Stable long-term mMBBR operation and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and phosphorous (P-PO43-) removal efficiencies up to 100%, 68% and 72%, respectively, were observed at a feed C/N ratio of 4.2. Lower TIN removal efficiency and unstable performance were observed at feed C/N ratios of 2.7 and 5.6, respectively. HRT decrease from 2 days to 1 day resulted in transient NH4+ accumulation and higher NO2-/NO3- ratio in the effluent. Batch activity tests showed that biofilm cultivation at a feed C/N ratio of 4.2 resulted in the highest denitrifying activity (189 mg N gVSS-1 d-1), whereas the highest nitrifying activity (316 mg N gVSS-1 d-1) was observed after cultivation at a feed C/N ratio of 2.7. Thermodynamic modeling with Visual MINTEQ and stoichiometric evaluations revealed that P removal was mainly biological and can be attributed to the P-accumulating capacity of denitrifying bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Iannacone
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Granata
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Rudy Gargano
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
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Sun Z, Pang B, Xi J, Hu HY. Screening and characterization of mixotrophic sulfide oxidizing bacteria for odorous surface water bioremediation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121721. [PMID: 31301572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eight species of mixotrophic sulfide oxidizing bacteria (SOB) were isolated from activated sludge and identified using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The effects of organic substances, dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate on sulfide oxidation and bacterial growth were studied in this work. The results showed that Paracoccus sp. (N1), Pseudomonas sp. (N2) and Pseudomonas sp. (S4) have strong adaptability to environments with low DO and high concentrations of organic substance. An SOB additive was optimized in artificial, odorous water. The optimized SOB additive is ablendof 80% N1 and 20% N2 bacteria solution with absorbance equal to 0.5 at a wavelength of 600 nm (OD600), and the optimal dose of the additive is 20 ml/L. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) and released H2S in an odorous river were measured with and without SOB additive, and the results indicated that the optimized SOB additive has excellent performance for odorous river bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqiu Sun
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bowen Pang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinying Xi
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Rodziewicz J, Mielcarek A, Janczukowicz W, Jóźwiak T, Struk-Sokołowska J, Bryszewski K. The share of electrochemical reduction, hydrogenotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification in nitrogen removal in rotating electrobiological contactor (REBC) treating wastewater from soilless cultivation systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:21-28. [PMID: 31129328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing global environmental problem of agricultural wastewater from soilless plant cultivation systems. In most countries dominate open fertilization systems, in which excess of nutrient solution is discharged in an uncontrolled way into the ground inside greenhouses or adjacent areas. Wastewater from such systems is characterized by a very high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds and their discharge into the environment causes significant pollution of the water and soil environment. The goal of the research was to determine the contribution of electrochemical reduction of nitrogen, hydrogenotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification in the process of nitrogen removal in a rotating electrobiological contactor (REBC) depending on hydraulic retention time (HRT) and electric current density (J). Synthetic sewage with characteristics corresponding to wastewater from soilless cultivation of tomatoes was the subject of the research. The first part of the experiment included determination of the effect of HRT on the effectiveness of bio-processes of nutrients removal in a rotating biological contactor (RBC). The second concerned the effect of HRT and J on the effectiveness of nutrients removal in a rotating electrochemical contactor (RECC), while the third part - the effect of HRT and J on the effectiveness of nutrients removal in REBC. RBC was characterized by low efficiency of denitrification (6.2 to 9.2%). The effectiveness of nitrogen removal in RECC was determined by both electric current density and hydraulic retention time. The highest efficiency was 53.4%. REBC nitrogen removal effectiveness was higher than in RBC and in RECC. The nitrogen removal efficiency increased along with increasing values of HRT, reaching the maximum value of 68.6% for J=10.0A/m2 and HRT=24h. The contribution of hydrogenotrophic denitrification in total nitrogen removal increased with the increase of electric current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rodziewicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Artur Mielcarek
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Janczukowicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jóźwiak
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
- Bialystok University of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering Technology and Systems, Wiejska St. 45E, Bialystok 15-351, Poland.
| | - Kamil Bryszewski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
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Khanongnuch R, Di Capua F, Lakaniemi AM, Rene ER, Lens PNL. Transient-state operation of an anoxic biotrickling filter for H 2S removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:42-51. [PMID: 31136892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of an anoxic biotrickling filter (BTF) for H2S removal from contaminated gas streams is a promising technology for simultaneous H2S and NO3- removal. Three transient-state conditions, i.e. different liquid flow rates, wet-dry bed operations and H2S shock loads, were applied to a laboratory-scale anoxic BTF. In addition, bioaugmentation of the BTF with a H2S removing-strain, Paracoccus MAL 1HM19, to enhance the biomass stability was investigated. Liquid flow rates (120, 60 and 30 L d-1) affected the pH and NO3- removal efficiency (RE) in the liquid phase. Wet-dry bed operations at 2-2 h and 24-24 h reduced the H2S elimination capacity (EC) by 60-80%, while the operations at 1-1 h and 12-12 h had a lower effect on the BTF performance. When the BTF was subjected to H2S shock loads by instantly increasing the gas flow rate (from 60 to 200 L h-1) and H2S inlet concentration (from 112 (± 15) to 947 (± 151) ppmv), the BTF still showed a good H2S RE (>93%, EC of 37.8 g S m-3 h-1). Bioaugmentation with Paracoccus MAL 1HM19 enhanced the oxidation of the accumulated S0 to sulfate in the anoxic BTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramita Khanongnuch
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 541, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Aino-Maija Lakaniemi
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 541, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 541, 33014 Tampere, Finland; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
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37
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Desulphurisation of Biogas: A Systematic Qualitative and Economic-Based Quantitative Review of Alternative Strategies. CHEMENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering3030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The desulphurisation of biogas for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) removal constitutes a significant challenge in the area of biogas research. This is because the retention of H2S in biogas presents negative consequences on human health and equipment durability. The negative impacts are reflective of the potentially fatal and corrosive consequences reported when biogas containing H2S is inhaled and employed as a boiler biofuel, respectively. Recognising the importance of producing H2S-free biogas, this paper explores the current state of research in the area of desulphurisation of biogas. In the present paper, physical–chemical, biological, in-situ, and post-biogas desulphurisation strategies were extensively reviewed as the basis for providing a qualitative comparison of the strategies. Additionally, a review of the costing data combined with an analysis of the inherent data uncertainties due underlying estimation assumptions have also been undertaken to provide a basis for quantitative comparison of the desulphurisation strategies. It is anticipated that the combination of the qualitative and quantitative comparison approaches employed in assessing the desulphurisation strategies reviewed in the present paper will aid in future decisions involving the selection of the preferred biogas desulphurisation strategy to satisfy specific economic and performance-related targets.
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Abstract
Bacterial communities’ composition, activity and robustness determines the effectiveness of biofiltration units for the desulfurization of biogas. It is therefore important to get a better understanding of the bacterial communities that coexist in biofiltration units under different operational conditions for the removal of H2S, the main reduced sulfur compound to eliminate in biogas. This review presents the main characteristics of sulfur-oxidizing chemotrophic bacteria that are the base of the biological transformation of H2S to innocuous products in biofilters. A survey of the existing biofiltration technologies in relation to H2S elimination is then presented followed by a review of the microbial ecology studies performed to date on biotrickling filter units for the treatment of H2S in biogas under aerobic and anoxic conditions.
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Cano PI, Brito J, Almenglo F, Ramírez M, Gómez JM, Cantero D. Influence of trickling liquid velocity, low molar ratio of nitrogen/sulfur and gas-liquid flow pattern in anoxic biotrickling filters for biogas desulfurization. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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