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Potocka W, Assy Z, Bikker FJ, Laine ML. Current and Potential Applications of Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives in Oral Health Care. Molecules 2023; 28:7178. [PMID: 37894657 PMCID: PMC10609285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant products have been employed in medicine for centuries. As the world becomes more health-conscious, there is a growing interest in natural and minimally processed products for oral health care. This has led to an increase in research into the bioactive compounds found in plant products, particularly monoterpenes. Monoterpenes are known to have beneficial biological properties, but the specific mechanisms by which they exert their effects are not yet fully understood. Despite this, some monoterpenes are already being used in oral health care. For example, thymol, which has antibacterial properties, is an ingredient in varnish used for caries prevention. In addition to this, monoterpenes have also demonstrated antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties, making them versatile for various applications. As research continues, there is potential for even more discoveries regarding the benefits of monoterpenes in oral health care. This narrative literature review gives an overview of the biological properties and current and potential applications of selected monoterpenes and their derivatives in oral health care. These compounds demonstrate promising potential for future medical development, and their applications in future research are expected to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Potocka
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Zainab Assy
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Marja L. Laine
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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Le HTN, Rijal S, Jang SH, Park SA, Park SJ, Jung W, Han SK. Inhibitory Effects of Honokiol on Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Juvenile Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 521:89-101. [PMID: 37142181 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine are known to be abundant in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc). Thus, it has been recognized as an initial synaptic site for regulating orofacial nociceptive stimuli. Honokiol, a principal active ingredient derived from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been exploited in traditional remedies with multiple biological effects, including anti-nociception on humans. However, the anti-nociceptive mechanism of honokiol on SG neurons of the Vc remains fully elusive. In this study, effects of honokiol on SG neurons of the Vc in mice were investigated using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. In a concentration-dependent manner, honokiol significantly enhanced frequencies of spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) that were independent of action potential generation. Notably, honokiol-induced increase in the frequency of sPSCs was attributed to the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters through both glycinergic and GABAergic pre-synaptic terminals. Furthermore, higher concentration of honokiol induced inward currents that were noticeably attenuated in the presence of picrotoxin (a GABAA receptor antagonist) or strychnine (a glycine receptor antagonist). Honokiol also exhibited potentiation effect on glycine- and GABAA receptor-mediated responses. In inflammatory pain model, the increase in frequency of spontaneous firing on SG neurons induced by formalin was significantly inhibited by the application of honokiol. Altogether, these findings indicate that honokiol might directly affect SG neurons of the Vc to facilitate glycinergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions and modulate nociceptive synaptic transmission against pain. Consequently, the inhibitory effect of honokiol in the central nociceptive system contributes to orofacial pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thuy Nhung Le
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ah Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Sadighparvar S, Al-Hamed FS, Sharif-Naeini R, Meloto CB. Preclinical orofacial pain assays and measures and chronic primary orofacial pain research: where we are and where we need to go. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1150749. [PMID: 37293433 PMCID: PMC10244561 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1150749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic primary orofacial pain (OFP) conditions such as painful temporomandibular disorders (pTMDs; i.e., myofascial pain and arthralgia), idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and burning mouth syndrome (BMS) are seemingly idiopathic, but evidence support complex and multifactorial etiology and pathophysiology. Important fragments of this complex array of factors have been identified over the years largely with the help of preclinical studies. However, findings have yet to translate into better pain care for chronic OFP patients. The need to develop preclinical assays that better simulate the etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical symptoms of OFP patients and to assess OFP measures consistent with their clinical symptoms is a challenge that needs to be overcome to support this translation process. In this review, we describe rodent assays and OFP pain measures that can be used in support of chronic primary OFP research, in specific pTMDs, TN, and BMS. We discuss their suitability and limitations considering the current knowledge of the etiology and pathophysiology of these conditions and suggest possible future directions. Our goal is to foster the development of innovative animal models with greater translatability and potential to lead to better care for patients living with chronic primary OFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Sadighparvar
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Reza Sharif-Naeini
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Beraldo Meloto
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Liu S, Crawford J, Tao F. Assessing Orofacial Pain Behaviors in Animal Models: A Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:390. [PMID: 36979200 PMCID: PMC10046781 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial pain refers to pain occurring in the head and face, which is highly prevalent and represents a challenge to clinicians, but its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and more studies using animal models are urgently needed. Currently, there are different assessment methods for analyzing orofacial pain behaviors in animal models. In order to minimize the number of animals used and maximize animal welfare, selecting appropriate assessment methods can avoid repeated testing and improve the reliability and accuracy of research data. Here, we summarize different methods for assessing spontaneous pain, evoked pain, and relevant accompanying dysfunction, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. While the behaviors of orofacial pain in rodents are not exactly equivalent to the symptoms displayed in patients with orofacial pain, animal models and pain behavioral assessments have advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of such pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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Limeira RRT, Dantas NV, Tomaz-Morais JF, Costa TKVLD, Braga RM, Sousa FB, Scotti L, Salvadori MGDSS, Almeida RND, Castro RD. Orofacial antinociceptive effects of perillyl alcohol associated with codeine and its possible modes of action. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e109. [PMID: 35946737 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the orofacial antinociceptive effect of (S)-(-)-perillyl alcohol (PA) associated with codeine (C) and investigated the possible molecular anchorage mechanisms of PA. Mice (n = 5 per group) were treated with PA alone and associated with codeine and assigned to the following groups: 75.0 mg/kg PA; 75.0 mg/kg PA + C 30 mg/kg; PA 37.5 mg/kg + C 15.0 mg/kg; C 30.0 mg/kg; and control. Nociception was induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate, and was quantified based on the duration (in seconds) of face grooming. The possible mechanisms of action were evaluated by molecular docking study. In the formalin test, PA75/C30 presented an effect in the neurogenic (p < 0.0001) and inflammatory (p < 0.005) phases. Mice treated with PA75 (p < 0.0001) and PA75/C30 (p < 0.0005) showed a reduced nociceptive behavior in the capsaicin test. Glutamate-induced nociception also was blocked by PA75 (p < 0.0005) and C30 (p < 0.0005). The molecular anchorage analysis indicated high negative binding energy values for the evaluated receptors, especially glutamate receptors (AMPA -79.57 Kcal/mol, mGLUR6 -71.25, and NMDA -66.33 Kcal/mol). PA associated with codeine showed orofacial antinociceptive activity, with theoretical evidence of interaction with glutamate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natália Viana Dantas
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Graduate Program in Dentistry , João Pessoa , PB , Brazil
| | | | | | - Renan Marinho Braga
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products , João Pessoa , PB , Brazil
| | - Frederico Barbosa Sousa
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Graduate Program in Dentistry , João Pessoa , PB , Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products , João Pessoa , PB , Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Dias Castro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry , João Pessoa , PB , Brazil
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6
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Peripheral Purinergic Modulation in Pediatric Orofacial Inflammatory Pain Affects Brainstem Nitroxidergic System: A Translational Research. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1326885. [PMID: 35309172 PMCID: PMC8933089 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1326885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physiology of orofacial pain pathways embraces primary afferent neurons, pathologic changes in the trigeminal ganglion, brainstem nociceptive neurons, and higher brain function regulating orofacial nociception. The goal of this study was to investigate the nitroxidergic system alteration at brainstem level (spinal trigeminal nucleus), and the role of peripheral P2 purinergic receptors in an experimental mouse model of pediatric inflammatory orofacial pain, to increase knowledge and supply information concerning orofacial pain in children and adolescents, like pediatric dentists and pathologists, as well as oro-maxillo-facial surgeons, may be asked to participate in the treatment of these patients. The experimental animals were treated subcutaneously in the perioral region with pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2′,4′-disulphonic acid (PPADS), a P2 receptor antagonist, 30 minutes before formalin injection. The pain-related behavior and the nitroxidergic system alterations in the spinal trigeminal nucleus using immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis have been evaluated. The local administration of PPADS decreased the face-rubbing activity and the expression of both neuronal and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase isoforms in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. These results underline a relationship between orofacial inflammatory pain and nitroxidergic system in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and suggest a role of peripheral P2 receptors in trigeminal pain transmission influencing NO production at central level. In this way, orofacial pain physiology should be elucidated and applied to clinical practice in the future.
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De Logu F, Nassini R, Hegron A, Landini L, Jensen DD, Latorre R, Ding J, Marini M, Souza Monteiro de Araujo D, Ramírez-Garcia P, Whittaker M, Retamal J, Titiz M, Innocenti A, Davis TP, Veldhuis N, Schmidt BL, Bunnett NW, Geppetti P. Schwann cell endosome CGRP signals elicit periorbital mechanical allodynia in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:646. [PMID: 35115501 PMCID: PMC8813987 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor (calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying protein-1, CLR/RAMP1) implicates peripherally-released CGRP in migraine pain. However, the site and mechanism of CGRP-evoked peripheral pain remain unclear. By cell-selective RAMP1 gene deletion, we reveal that CGRP released from mouse cutaneous trigeminal fibers targets CLR/RAMP1 on surrounding Schwann cells to evoke periorbital mechanical allodynia. CLR/RAMP1 activation in human and mouse Schwann cells generates long-lasting signals from endosomes that evoke cAMP-dependent formation of NO. NO, by gating Schwann cell transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), releases ROS, which in a feed-forward manner sustain allodynia via nociceptor TRPA1. When encapsulated into nanoparticles that release cargo in acidified endosomes, a CLR/RAMP1 antagonist provides superior inhibition of CGRP signaling and allodynia in mice. Our data suggest that the CGRP-mediated neuronal/Schwann cell pathway mediates allodynia associated with neurogenic inflammation, contributing to the algesic action of CGRP in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
- Headache Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Alan Hegron
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Lorenzo Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Dane D Jensen
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Rocco Latorre
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Julia Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Matilde Marini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | | | - Paulina Ramírez-Garcia
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael Whittaker
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Jeffri Retamal
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Mustafa Titiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Alessandro Innocenti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery - Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas Veldhuis
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.
- Headache Center, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy.
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Martínez-Martínez MDC, Parra-Flores LI, Baeza-Flores GDC, Torres-López JE. Isobolographic analysis of antinociceptive effect of ketorolac, indomethacin, and paracetamol after simultaneous peripheral local and systemic administration. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:15-22. [PMID: 35007232 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to characterize the type of interaction (subadditive, additive, or synergistic) after simultaneous administration by two different routes (intraperitoneal plus peripheral local) of the same nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) ketorolac and indomethacin or paracetamol. The antinociceptive effects of locally or intraperitoneally delivery of NSAIDs or paracetamol, and the simultaneous administration by the two routes at fixed-dose ratio combination were evaluated using the formalin test. Pain-related behavior was quantified as the number of flinches of the injected paw. Isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the interaction between the two routes. ED30 values were estimated for individual drugs, and isobolograms were constructed. Ketorolac, indomethacin, or paracetamol and fixed-dose ratio combinations produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in the second but not in the first phase of the formalin test. The analysis of interaction type after simultaneous administration by the two routes the same NSAID or paracetamol (on basis of their ED30), revealed that the simultaneous administration of ketorolac or paracetamol was additive and for indomethacin was synergistic. Since the mechanisms underlying the additive effect of ketorolac or paracetamol and the synergistic effect of indomethacin were not explored; it is possible that the peripheral and central mechanism is occurring at several anatomical sites. The significance of these findings for theory and pain pharmacotherapy practice indicates that the combination of one analgesic drug given simultaneously by two different administration routes could be an additive or it could lead to a synergistic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Del Carmen Martínez-Martínez
- Laboratorio Mecanismos del Dolor, Centro de Investigación, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa Tabasco, México
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Xiao J, Niu J, Xu B, Zhang R, Zhang M, Zhang N, Xu K, Zhang Q, Chen D, Shi Y, Fang Q, Li N. NOP01, a NOP receptor agonist, produced potent and peripherally restricted antinociception in a formalin-induced mouse orofacial pain model. Neuropeptides 2022; 91:102212. [PMID: 34826712 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orofacial pain is one of the most common medical challenges. A preliminary report indicates that the NOP receptor may act as a therapeutic target in orofacial pain. Previous studies have shown that [(pF)Phe4, Aib7, Aib11, Arg14, Lys15]N/OFQ-NH2 (NOP01) functions as a potent NOP receptor peptide agonist. This work aims to investigate the antinociception of NOP01 and its possible action mechanisms in a formalin-induced mouse orofacial pain model at different levels. Our results demonstrated that local, intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intrathecal (i.t.) injection of NOP01 produced dose-related antinociception in both phases of the formalin pain, which could be inhibited by the NOP receptor antagonist but not the classical opioid receptor antagonist. Furthermore, the antinociception induced by systemic NOP01 was blocked by local but not spinal pretreatment with the NOP receptor antagonist, suggesting the involvement of the peripheral NOP receptor in NOP01-induced systemic antinociception. Moreover, local injection of NOP01 markedly suppressed the expression of c-Fos protein induced by formalin in ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. In conclusion, this work suggests that NOP01 exerts significant antinociception on orofacial pain at both peripheral and spinal levels via the NOP receptor. Notably, NOP01 cannot readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Thus, NOP01 may behave as a potential compound for developing peripherally restricted analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jiandong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Biao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Run Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Kangtai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yonghang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Quan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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10
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Kwon M, Jung IY, Cha M, Lee BH. Inhibition of the Nav1.7 Channel in the Trigeminal Ganglion Relieves Pulpitis Inflammatory Pain. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:759730. [PMID: 34955831 PMCID: PMC8694709 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.759730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulpitis causes significant changes in the peripheral nervous system, which induce hyperalgesia. However, the relationship between neuronal activity and Nav1.7 expression following pulpal noxious pain has not yet been investigated in the trigeminal ganglion (TG). The aim of our study was to verify whether experimentally induced pulpitis activates the expression of Nav1.7 peripherally and the neuronal activities of the TGs can be affected by Nav1.7 channel inhibition. Acute pulpitis was induced through allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) application to the rat maxillary molar tooth pulp. Three days after AITC application, abnormal pain behaviors were recorded, and the rats were euthanized to allow for immunohistochemical, optical imaging, and western blot analyses of the Nav1.7 expression in the TG. A significant increase in AITC-induced pain-like behaviors and histological evidence of pulpitis were observed. In addition, histological and western blot data showed that Nav1.7 expressions in the TGs were significantly higher in the AITC group than in the naive and saline group rats. Optical imaging showed that the AITC group showed higher neuronal activity after electrical stimulation of the TGs. Additionally, treatment of ProTxII, selective Nav1.7 blocker, on to the TGs in the AITC group effectively suppressed the hyperpolarized activity after electrical stimulation. These findings indicate that the inhibition of the Nav1.7 channel could modulate nociceptive signal processing in the TG following pulp inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kwon
- Department of Nursing, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Il Young Jung
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeounghoon Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Okamoto K, Hasegawa M, Piriyaprasath K, Kakihara Y, Saeki M, Yamamura K. Preclinical models of deep craniofacial nociception and temporomandibular disorder pain. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:231-241. [PMID: 34815817 PMCID: PMC8593658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common health problem. Cumulating evidence indicates that the etiology of TMD pain is complex with multifactorial experience that could hamper the developments of treatments. Preclinical research is a resource to understand the mechanism for TMD pain, whereas limitations are present as a disease-specific model. It is difficult to incorporate multiple risk factors associated with the etiology that could increase pain responses into a single animal. This article introduces several rodent models which are often employed in the preclinical studies and discusses their validities for TMD pain after the elucidations of the neural mechanisms based on the clinical reports. First, rodent models were classified into two groups with or without inflammation in the deep craniofacial tissues. Next, the characteristics of each model and the procedures to identify deep craniofacial pain were discussed. Emphasis was directed on the findings of the effects of chronic psychological stress, a major risk factor for chronic pain, on the deep craniofacial nociception. Preclinical models have provided clinically relevant information, which could contribute to better understand the basis for TMD pain, while efforts are still required to bridge the gap between animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Okamoto
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Mana Hasegawa
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan.,Division of Dental Clinical Education, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kajita Piriyaprasath
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kakihara
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Makio Saeki
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yamamura
- Division of Oral Physiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, 951-8514, Japan
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12
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Todorović M, Micov A, Nastić K, Tomić M, Pecikoza U, Vuković M, Stepanović-Petrović R. Vortioxetine as an analgesic in preclinical inflammatory pain models: Mechanism of action. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:237-249. [PMID: 34820899 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vortioxetine is a novel atypical antidepressant with multimodal activity that has recently demonstrated efficacy against neuropathic pain. There is no published data about its analgesic properties in models characterized by peripheral inflammation and consequent pain pathway sensitization, nor data on its mechanism of antinociceptive action. This study aimed to investigate vortioxetine's antinociceptive/antihyperalgesic effects in trigeminal, visceral, and somatic inflammatory pain models, and provide evidence on its mechanism of action in the modulation of trigeminal nociception. Vortioxetine's effects on the nociceptive behavior in orofacial formalin test (OFT) and acetic acid-writhing test in mice and on mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats were examined following peroral single administration. The involvement of serotonergic/adrenergic/cholinergic/cannabinoid/adenosine receptors was evaluated in OFT by intraperitoneally treating mice with an appropriate antagonist immediately after vortioxetine application. We used antagonists of 5-HT1B/1D serotonergic (GR 127935), α1 -adrenergic (prazosin), α2 -adrenergic (yohimbine), β1 -adrenergic (metoprolol), muscarinic (atropine), α7 nicotinic (methyllycaconitine), CB1 /CB2 cannabinoid (AM251 and AM630), and adenosine A1 (DPCPX) receptors. Vortioxetine dose-dependently reduced pain behavior in OFT and acetic acid writhing test, as well as inflammatory hyperalgesia in paw pressure test. All examined antagonists except prazosin dose-dependently inhibited vortioxetine's antinociceptive effects. In conclusion, vortioxetine exerted analgesic efficacy in trigeminal, visceral, and somatic inflammatory pain. The effect is at least in part mediated by 5-HT1B/1D serotonergic, α2 /β1 -adrenergic, muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic, CB1 /CB2 cannabinoid, and adenosine A1 receptors. These findings contribute to better understanding of the analgesic effect of vortioxetine and suggest its potential usefulness for inflammatory pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Todorović
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Micov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Nastić
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tomić
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Pecikoza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milja Vuković
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Hoshijima H, Hunt M, Nagasaka H, Yaksh T. Systematic Review of Systemic and Neuraxial Effects of Acetaminophen in Preclinical Models of Nociceptive Processing. J Pain Res 2021; 14:3521-3552. [PMID: 34795520 PMCID: PMC8594782 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s308028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) in humans has robust effects with a high therapeutic index in altering postoperative and inflammatory pain states in clinical and experimental pain paradigms with no known abuse potential. This review considers the literature reflecting the preclinical actions of acetaminophen in a variety of pain models. Significant observations arising from this review are as follows: 1) acetaminophen has little effect upon acute nociceptive thresholds; 2) acetaminophen robustly reduces facilitated states as generated by mechanical and thermal hyperalgesic end points in mouse and rat models of carrageenan and complete Freund’s adjuvant evoked inflammation; 3) an antihyperalgesic effect is observed in models of facilitated processing with minimal inflammation (eg, phase II intraplantar formalin); and 4) potent anti-hyperpathic effects on the thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical and cold allodynia, allodynic thresholds in rat and mouse models of polyneuropathy and mononeuropathies and bone cancer pain. These results reflect a surprisingly robust drug effect upon a variety of facilitated states that clearly translate into a wide range of efficacy in preclinical models and to important end points in human therapy. The specific systems upon which acetaminophen may act based on targeted delivery suggest both a spinal and a supraspinal action. Review of current targets for this molecule excludes a role of cyclooxygenase inhibitor but includes effects that may be mediated through metabolites acting on the TRPV1 channel, or by effect upon cannabinoid and serotonin signaling. These findings suggest that the mode of action of acetaminophen, a drug with a long therapeutic history of utilization, has surprisingly robust effects on a variety of pain states in clinical patients and in preclinical models with a good therapeutic index, but in spite of its extensive use, its mechanisms of action are yet poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hoshijima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Matthew Hunt
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego Anesthesia Research Laboratory, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nagasaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tony Yaksh
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego Anesthesia Research Laboratory, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Abrahão Cunha TC, Gontijo Couto AC, Januzzi E, Rosa Ferraz Gonçalves RT, Silva G, Silva CR. Analgesic potential of different available commercial brands of botulinum neurotoxin-A in formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice. Toxicon X 2021; 12:100083. [PMID: 34527897 PMCID: PMC8429966 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) is an alternative for the management of orofacial pain disorders. Although only Botox has labeled, there are other commercial brands available for use, among them: Dysport, Botulift, Prosigne, and Xeomin. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possible differences in the antinociceptive effect evoked by different commercially available formulations of BoNT-A in an animal model of inflammatory orofacial pain induced by formalin injection. Male C57/BL6 mice (20–25 g) were submitted to the pre-treatment with five different commercial brands of BoNT-A (Botox, Botulift, Xeomin, Dysport, or Prosigne; with doses between 0.02 and 0.2 Units of Botulinum Toxin, in 20 μL of 0.9% saline) three days prior the 2% formalin injection. All injections were made subcutaneously into the right perinasal area. After formalin injections, nociceptive behaviors like rubbing the place of injection were quantified during the neurogenic (0–5 min) and inflammatory (15–30 min) phases. The treatment using Botox, Botulift, and Xeomin were able to induce antinociceptive effects in both phases of the formalin-induced pain animal model, however, Dysport and Prosigne reduced the response in neither of them. Our data suggest that the treatment using different formulations of BoNT-A is not similar in efficacy as analgesics when evaluated in formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice. Botulinum neurotoxin-a reduced formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice. There are differences in the analgesic potential of different available commercial brands of botulinum neurotoxin-A. Botox, Botulift, Xeomin demonstrated analgesic effect when evaluated in formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thays Crosara Abrahão Cunha
- Post-Graduated Program Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Gontijo Couto
- Post-Graduated Program Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Januzzi
- Post-Graduated Program Orofacial Pain, CIODONTO, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Orofacial Pain Department, MaterDei Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Tardin Rosa Ferraz Gonçalves
- Post-Graduated Program Orofacial Pain, CIODONTO, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Orofacial Pain Department, MaterDei Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Graziella Silva
- Post-Graduated Program Orofacial Pain, CIODONTO, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Orofacial Pain Department, MaterDei Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cassia Regina Silva
- Post-Graduated Program Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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15
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Niiro A, Ohno SN, Yamagata KA, Yamagata K, Tomita K, Kuramoto E, Oda Y, Nakamura TJ, Nakamura W, Sugimura M. Diurnal Variation in Trigeminal Pain Sensitivity in Mice. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:703440. [PMID: 34408624 PMCID: PMC8365185 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.703440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of time and circadian disruption is an extremely important factor in basic research on pain and analgesia. Although pain is known to vary throughout the day, the mechanism underlying this circadian variation remains largely unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that the process of pain transmission to the central nervous system (after receiving nociceptive stimuli from outside the body) would show day-night differences. Ten-week-old male mice were kept under a strict 12/12-h light/dark cycle for at least 10 days. Formalin was then injected into the second branch region of the trigeminal nerve and the duration of pain-related behaviors (PRBs) was assessed. Immunohistochemical staining was then performed, and the c-Fos-immunopositive cells in the trigeminal spinal tract subnucleus caudalis (Sp5C) were counted. The results showed that the duration of PRBs was longer and the number of c-Fos immunopositive cells in the Sp5C was higher at nighttime than during the day. In addition, the trigeminal ganglia (TG) were extracted from the mice and examined by quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate the daytime and nighttime expression of nociceptive receptors. The results showed that the mRNA expression of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in the TG was significantly higher at night than during the day. These results suggest that pain in the trigeminal nerve region is more intense at nighttime, when rodents are active, than during the daytime, partly due to differences in nociceptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Niiro
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sachi N Ohno
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kanae A Yamagata
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yamagata
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Eriko Kuramoto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Oda
- Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Oral Chrono-Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro J Nakamura
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakamura
- Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Oral Chrono-Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Sugimura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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16
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Miranda HF, Noriega V, Sierralta F, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Prieto JC. The Antinociceptive Activities of Certain NSAIDS Combinations in Murine Orofacial Test. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 70:424-428. [PMID: 32707591 DOI: 10.1055/a-1217-6777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pain models are mostly in rodents and between them formalin orofacial test allow discrimination among antinociception and anti-inflammation. This assay use a formalin solution injected into the upper right lip of each mouse which produces two periods of pain separated by an inactive period. The aims of the present study were to evaluate, by means of the isobolographic analysis, the antinociception and anti-inflammatory activities of the following NSAIDs: dexketoprofen, diclofenac, piroxicam and metamizole in an orofacial. The NSAIDs administered intraperitoneally produced a dose-dependent activity with the following order of potency of the rubbing behavior, in phase I: diclofenac>dexketoprofen>piroxicam>metamizole and in the phase II: metamizole>diclofenac>piroxicam>dexketoprofen. The coadministration of NSAIDs resulted in a synergistic interaction, which according to the value of the potency of the combination (II) presents the following range: dexketoprofen plus metamizole>dexketoprofen plus diclofenac>dexketoprofen plus piroxicam, in phase I and dexketoprofen plus metamizole>dexketoprofen plus piroxicam>dexketoprofen plus diclofenac, on the phase II. Data obtained in this work corroborate that NSAIDs alone or in combination inducing activities by additional mechanism of action supplementary to inhibition of COXs. This fact represent a novel approach that could be used as multimodal management of orofacial pain, since with this treatment strategies, by the reduction of doses, can help to diminish side effects of other dugs such opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F Miranda
- Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Viviana Noriega
- Cardiovascular Department, Clinical Hospital, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Sierralta
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Prieto
- Cardiovascular Department, Clinical Hospital, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Pecikoza U, Tomić M, Micov A, Vuković M, Stepanović-Petrović R. Eslicarbazepine acetate interacts in a beneficial manner with standard and alternative analgesics to reduce trigeminal nociception. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1435-1446. [PMID: 32025776 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Acute pain states in the trigeminal region (headaches, dental pain) fall into the most prevalent painful conditions. Standard analgesics (paracetamol/NSAIDs) represent the cornerstone of their treatment, whereas triptans are primarily used in migraine attacks. Due to limited efficacy and/or side effects of current treatments, identifying favorable combinations of available drugs is justified. OBJECTIVES Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a novel antiepileptic drug whose effectiveness against trigeminal pain was recently demonstrated. Here, we examined the interactions between ESL and several standard/alternative analgesics (paracetamol, propyphenazone, naproxen, zolmitriptan, and metoclopramide) in a model of trigeminal pain. METHODS The antinociceptive effects of orally administered ESL, standard/alternative analgesics, and two-drug ESL-analgesic combinations were examined in the orofacial formalin test in mice. The type of interaction between drugs was determined by isobolographic analysis. RESULTS ESL, analgesics, and two-drug ESL-analgesic combinations significantly and dose-dependently reduced nociceptive behaviour in the second, inflammatory phase of the test. Isobolographic analysis revealed that ESL interacted additively with paracetamol/propyphenazone/zolmitriptan and synergistically with naproxen/metoclopramide (with about a 4-fold and 3-fold reduction of doses in the ESL-naproxen and ESL-metoclopramide combination, respectively). CONCLUSIONS ESL interacted in a beneficial manner with several analgesics that are used for trigeminal pain treatment, producing synergistic interactions with naproxen/metoclopramide and additive interactions with paracetamol/propyphenazone/zolmitriptan. Our results suggest that combining ESL with analgesics could theoretically enable the use of lower doses of individual drugs for achieving pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uroš Pecikoza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia.
| | - Maja Tomić
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Ana Micov
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Milja Vuković
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - Radica Stepanović-Petrović
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
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18
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Calcium Channel α2δ1 Subunit Mediates Secondary Orofacial Hyperalgesia Through PKC-TRPA1/Gap Junction Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2020; 21:238-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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The contribution of orexin receptors within the ventral tegmental area to modulation of antinociception induced by chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in the animal model of orofacial pain in the rats. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 31:500-509. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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De Logu F, Landini L, Janal MN, Li Puma S, De Cesaris F, Geppetti P, Nassini R. Migraine-provoking substances evoke periorbital allodynia in mice. J Headache Pain 2019; 20:18. [PMID: 30764776 PMCID: PMC6734434 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-019-0968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Administration of endogenous mediators or exogenous chemicals in migraine patients provoke early headaches and delayed migraine-like attacks. Although migraine provoking substances are normally vasodilators, dilation of arterial vessels does not seem to be the sole contributing factor, and the underlying mechanisms of the delayed migraine pain are mostly unknown. Sustained mechanical allodynia is a common response associated with the local administration of various proalgesic substances in experimental animals and humans. Here, we investigated the ability of a series of endogenous mediators which provoke or do not provoke migraine in patients, to cause or not cause mechanical allodynia upon their injection in the mouse periorbital area. Methods Mechanical allodynia was assessed with the von Frey filament assay. Stimuli were given by subcutaneous injection in the periorbital area of C57BL/6J mice; antagonists were administered by local and systemic injections. Results Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), but not adrenomedullin and amylin, pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), but not vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), histamine, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin (PGI2), but not PGF2α, evoked a dose-dependent periorbital mechanical allodynia. The painful responses were attenuated by systemic or local (periorbital) administration of antagonists for CGRP (CLR/RAMP1), PACAP (PAC-1), histamine H1, PGE2 (EP4), and PGI2 (IP) receptors, respectively. Conclusions The correspondence between substances that provoke (CGRP; PACAP, histamine, PGE2, PGI2), or do not provoke (VIP and PGF2α), migraine-like attacks in patients and periorbital allodynia in mice suggests that the study of allodynia in mice may provide information on the proalgesic mechanisms of migraine-provoking agents in humans. Results underline the ability of migraine-provoking substances to initiate mechanical allodynia by acting on peripheral terminals of trigeminal afferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Malvin N Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | - Simone Li Puma
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Cesaris
- Headache Centre, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy. .,Headache Centre, Careggi University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
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22
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Conditioned pain modulation in rodents can feature hyperalgesia or hypoalgesia depending on test stimulus intensity. Pain 2018; 160:784-792. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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23
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Eslicarbazepine acetate reduces trigeminal nociception: Possible role of adrenergic, cholinergic and opioid receptors. Life Sci 2018; 214:167-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Zhang T, Zhao W, Zhang M, Xu B, Shi X, Zhang Q, Guo Y, Xiao J, Chen D, Zheng T, Fang Q. Analgesic activities of the mixed opioid and NPFF receptors agonist DN-9 in a mouse model of formalin-induced orofacial inflammatory pain. Peptides 2018; 110:30-39. [PMID: 30391423 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orofacial pain is one of the most common pain conditions and compromises the quality of life of the sufferer. Several studies have shown that opioid agonists produced significant analgesia in the orofacial pain, and combination of opioids with drugs belonging to other classes induced synergism in the orofacial pain. However, combination therapy of different analgesic drugs improves the risk of drug-drug interactions. Against this background, we sought to investigate the analgesic effects of the multi-functional opioid peptide DN-9, a mixed opioid and NPFF receptors agonist that produced robust analgesia in acute and inflammatory pain models, on formalin-induced orofacial pain. Our results showed that formalin injection caused significant spontaneous pain behaviors and increased the expressions of the mu-opioid receptor, c-Fos and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG). In mice pretreated with DN-9, there was a significant reduction in nociceptive behaviors, which was selectively mediated by the mu- and kappa-opioid receptors, independently of the NPFF system. Four hours after formalin injection, the level of c-Fos immunoreactivity in the ipsilateral TG neurons was much lower in mice pretreated with DN-9 or morphine. In addition, DN-9 exhibited a significant inhibition in the expression of p-ERK1/2, which was reversed by the selective antagonists of the mu- and kappa-opioid receptors. In conclusion, our present results demonstrate that central administration of DN-9 produces potential antinociceptive effects via the mu- and kappa-opioid receptors, independently of the NPFF system, and this antinociceptive action is tightly linked with the intracellular ERK activation in TG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuerui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu Health Vocational College, 60 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Quan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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De Caro C, Russo R, Avagliano C, Cristiano C, Calignano A, Aramini A, Bianchini G, Allegretti M, Brandolini L. Antinociceptive effect of two novel transient receptor potential melastatin 8 antagonists in acute and chronic pain models in rat. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1691-1706. [PMID: 29485712 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of non-selective cation permeable channels involved in peripheral sensory signalling. Animal studies have shown that several TRPs are important players in pain modulation. Among them, the TRP melastatin 8 (TRPM8) has elicited more interest for its controversial role in nociception. This channel, expressed by a subpopulation of sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia (TG), is activated by cold temperatures and cooling agents. In experimental neuropathic pain models, an up-regulation of this receptor in DRG and TG has been observed, suggesting a key role for TRPM8 in the development and maintenance of pain. Consistent with this hypothesis, TRPM8 knockout mice are less responsive to pain stimuli. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, the therapeutic potential and efficacy of two novel TRPM8 antagonists, DFL23693 and DFL23448, were tested. KEY RESULTS Two potent and selective TRPM8 antagonists with distinct pharmacokinetic profiles, DFL23693 and DFL23448, have been fully characterized in vitro. In vivo studies in well-established models, namely, the wet-dog shaking test and changes in body temperature, confirmed their ability to block the TRPM8 channel. Finally, TRPM8 blockage resulted in a significant antinociceptive effect in formalin-induced orofacial pain and in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain, confirming an important role for this channel in pain perception. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings, in agreement with previous literature, encourage further studies for a better comprehension of the therapeutic potential of TRPM8 blockers as novel agents for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Sandes SMS, Heimfarth L, Brito RG, Santos PL, Gouveia DN, Carvalho AMS, Quintans JSS, da Silva-Júnior EF, de Aquino TM, França PHB, de Araújo-Júnior JX, Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Zengin G, Schmitt M, Bourguignon JJ, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Evidence for the involvement of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of indole-3-guanylhydrazone hydrochloride, an aromatic aminoguanidine, in rodents. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 286:1-10. [PMID: 29499192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indole-3-guanylhydrazone hydrochloride (LQM01) is a new derivative of aminoguanidine hydrochloride, an aromatic aminoguanidine. METHODS Mice were treated with LQM01 (5, 10, 25 or 50 mg/kg, i.p.), vehicle (0.9% saline i.p.) or a standard drug. The mice were subjected to carrageenan-induced pleurisy, abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid, the formalin test and the hot-plate test. The model of non-inflammatory chronic muscle pain induced by saline acid was also used. Mice from the chronic protocol were assessed for withdrawal threshold, muscle strength and motor coordination. LQM01 or vehicle treated mice were evaluated for Fos protein. RESULTS LQM01 inhibits TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as leukocyte recruitment during inflammation process. The level of IL-10 in LQM01-treated mice increased in pleural fluid. In addition, LQM01 decreased the nociceptive behavior in the acetic acid induced writhing test, the formalin test (both phases) and increased latency time on the hot-plate. LQM01 treatment also decreased mechanical hyperalgesia in mice with chronic muscle pain, with no changes in muscle strength and motor coordination. LQM01 reduced the number of Fos positive cells in the superficial dorsal horn. This compound exhibited antioxidant properties in in vitro assays. CONCLUSIONS LQM01 has an outstanding anti-inflammatory and analgesic profile, probably mediated through a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines release, increase in IL-10 production and reduction in neuron activity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in mice. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Beneficial effects of LQM01 suggest that it has some important clinical features and can play a role in the management of 'dysfunctional pain' and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M S Sandes
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Renan G Brito
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Priscila L Santos
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Daniele N Gouveia
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Alexandra M S Carvalho
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago M de Aquino
- Chemistry and Biotechnology Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Paulo H B França
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Nursing and Pharmacy School, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - João X de Araújo-Júnior
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Nursing and Pharmacy School, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Martine Schmitt
- CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR 7200, Laboratory of Excellence Médalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Bourguignon
- CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR 7200, Laboratory of Excellence Médalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
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Orofacial antinociceptive effect of sulphated polysaccharide from the marine algae Hypnea pseudomusciformis in rodents. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 27:261-269. [PMID: 29460077 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of sulphated polysaccharide from the marine algae Hypnea pseudomusciformis (PLS) using rodent models of orofacial pain. Acute pain was induced by formalin, capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde, acidified saline or glutamate (cutaneous modes) and hypertonic saline (corneal model). In one experiment, animals were pretreated with ruthenium red, glibenclamide, naloxone, L-NAME, methylene blue or ketamine to investigate the mechanism of antinociception. In another experiment, animals pretreated with PLS or saline were submitted to the temporomandibular joint formalin test. In yet another, animals were submitted to craniofacial pain induced by mustard oil. Motor activity was evaluated with the open-field test. Cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities were also assessed. Pre-treatment with PLS significantly reduced nociceptive behavior associated with acute pain. Antinociception was effectively reduced, but not inhibited, by ruthenium red and ketamine. L-NAME and glibenclamide enhanced the PLS effect. PLS antinociception was resistant to methylene blue, naloxone and heating. PLS presented no cytotoxicity or antioxidant properties. Our results confirm the potential pharmacological relevance of PLS as an inhibitor of orofacial nociception in acute pain probably mediated by glutamatergic, nitrergic, TRPs and K + ATP pathways.
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Orofacial antinociceptive effect of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1575-1585. [PMID: 29793320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret, popularly known in Brazil as "jurema-preta" is widely used against bronchitis, fever, headache and inflammation. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential has already been reported. To assess the orofacial antinociceptive effect of M. tenuiflora, ethanolic extracts of M. tenuiflora (leaves, twigs, barks and roots) were submitted to in vitro tests of antioxidant activity. The extract with the highest antioxidant potential was partitioned and subjected to preliminary chemical prospecting, GC-MS, measurement of phenolic content and cytotoxicity tests of the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity. The nontoxic fraction with the highest antioxidant activity (FATEM) was subjected to tests of acute and chronic orofacial nociception and locomotor activity. The possible mechanisms of neuromodulation were also assessed. The EtOAc fraction, obtained from the ethanolic extract of M. tenuiflora barks, was the one with the highest antioxidant potential and nontoxic (FATEM), and Benzyloxyamine was the major constituent (34.27%). FATEM did not alter the locomotor system of mice and reduced significantly the orofacial nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, glutamate, capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde or acidic saline compared to the control group. FATEM also inhibited formalin- or mustard oil-induced temporomandibular nociception. In addition, it also reduced mustard oil-induced orofacial muscle nociception. However, FATEM did not alter hypertonic saline-induced corneal nociception. Neuropathic nociception was reversed by treatment with FATEM. The antinociceptive effect of FATEM was inhibited by naloxone, L-NAME and glibenclamide. FATEM has pharmacological potential for the treatment of acute and neuropathic orofacial pain and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, nitric oxide and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. These results lead us to studies of isolation and characterization of bioactive principles.
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Silva JC, de Moraes Alcantara LF, Dias Soares JM, e Silva MG, de Lavor ÉM, Andrade VM, dos Passos Menezes P, de Souza Araújo AA, Leite LHI, de Menezes IRA, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Oliveira RC, Quintans JS, Silva Almeida JRG, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Docking, characterization and investigation of β-cyclodextrin complexed with farnesol, an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, produces orofacial antinociceptive profile in experimental protocols. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Inclusion complex between β-cyclodextrin and hecogenin acetate produces superior analgesic effect in animal models for orofacial pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:754-762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Physiological profiles of cortical responses to mechanical stimulation of the tooth in the rat: An optical imaging study. Neuroscience 2017; 358:170-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Rizzi A, Ruzza C, Bianco S, Trapella C, Calo' G. Antinociceptive action of NOP and opioid receptor agonists in the mouse orofacial formalin test. Peptides 2017; 94:71-77. [PMID: 28697954 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) modulates several biological functions, including pain transmission via selective activation of a specific receptor named NOP. The aim of this study was the investigation of the antinociceptive properties of NOP agonists and their interaction with opioids in the trigeminal territory. The orofacial formalin (OFF) test in mice was used to investigate the antinociceptive potential associated to the activation of NOP and opioid receptors. Mice subjected to OFF test displayed the typical biphasic nociceptive response and sensitivity to opioid and NSAID drugs. Mice knockout for the NOP gene displayed a robust pronociceptive phenotype. The NOP selective agonist Ro 65-6570 (0.1-1mgkg-1) and morphine (0.1-10mgkg-1) elicited dose dependent antinociceptive effects in the OFF with the alkaloid showing larger effects; the isobologram analysis of their actions demonstrated an additive type of interaction. The mixed NOP/opioid receptor agonist cebranopadol elicited potent (0.01-0.1mgkg-1) and robust antinociceptive effects. In the investigated dose range, all drugs did not modify the motor performance of the mice in the rotarod test. Collectively the results of this study demonstrated that selective NOP agonists and particularly mixed NOP/opioid agonists are worthy of development as innovative drugs to treat painful conditions of the trigeminal territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Ruzza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Bianco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Trapella
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Calo'
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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Benemei S, De Logu F, Li Puma S, Marone IM, Coppi E, Ugolini F, Liedtke W, Pollastro F, Appendino G, Geppetti P, Materazzi S, Nassini R. The anti-migraine component of butterbur extracts, isopetasin, desensitizes peptidergic nociceptors by acting on TRPA1 cation channel. Br J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28622417 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The mechanism of the anti-migraine action of extracts of butterbur [Petasites hybridus (L.) Gaertn.] is unknown. Here, we investigated the ability of isopetasin, a major constituent of these extracts, to specifically target TRPA1 channel and to affect functional responses relevant to migraine. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Single-cell calcium imaging and patch-clamp recordings in human and rodent TRPA1-expressing cells, neurogenic motor responses in rodent isolated urinary bladder, release of CGRP from mouse spinal cord in vitro and facial rubbing in mice and meningeal blood flow in rats were examined. KEY RESULTS Isopetasin induced (i) calcium responses and currents in rat/mouse trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and in cells expressing the human TRPA1, (ii) substance P-mediated contractions of rat isolated urinary bladders and (iii) CGRP release from mouse dorsal spinal cord, responses that were selectively abolished by genetic deletion or pharmacological antagonism of TRPA1 channels. Pre-exposure to isopetasin produced marked desensitization of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, TRPA1 channel agonist)- or capsaicin (TRPV1 channel agonist)-evoked currents in rat TG neurons, contractions of rat or mouse bladder and CGRP release from mouse central terminals of primary sensory neurons. Repeated intragastric administration of isopetasin attenuated mouse facial rubbing, evoked by local AITC or capsaicin, and dilation of rat meningeal arteries by acrolein or ethanol (TRPA1 and TRPV1 channel agonists respectively). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of TRPA1 channels by isopetasin results in excitation of neuropeptide-containing nociceptors, followed by marked heterologous neuronal desensitization. Such atten uation in pain and neurogenic inflammation may account for the anti-migraine action of butterbur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Benemei
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Li Puma
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Maddalena Marone
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Ugolini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology and Neurobiology, Clinics for Headache, Head-Pain and Trigeminal Sensory Disorders, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Materazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Headache Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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WILHELM ETHELA, FERREIRA ANATERESINHA, PINZ MIKAELAP, REIS ANGÉLICASDOS, VOGT ANEG, STEIN ANDREL, ZENI GILSON, LUCHESE CRISTIANE. Antioxidant effect of quinoline derivatives containing or not selenium: Relationship with antinociceptive action quinolines are antioxidant and antinociceptive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 89:457-467. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Orofacial antinociceptive activity of (S)-(−)-perillyl alcohol in mice: a randomized, controlled and triple-blind study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46:662-667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Saito H, Katagiri A, Okada S, Mikuzuki L, Kubo A, Suzuki T, Ohara K, Lee J, Gionhaku N, Iinuma T, Bereiter DA, Iwata K. Ascending projections of nociceptive neurons from trigeminal subnucleus caudalis: A population approach. Exp Neurol 2017; 293:124-136. [PMID: 28366470 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Second-order neurons in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) and upper cervical spinal cord (C1) are critical for craniofacial pain processing and project rostrally to terminate in: ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (VPM), medial thalamic nuclei (MTN) and parabrachial nuclei (PBN). The contribution of each region to trigeminal nociception was assessed by the number of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-immunoreactive (pERK-IR) neurons co-labeled with fluorogold (FG). The phenotype of pERK-IR neurons was further defined by the expression of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1). The retrograde tracer FG was injected into VPM, MTN or PBN of the right hemisphere and after seven days, capsaicin was injected into the left upper lip in male rats. Nearly all pERK-IR neurons were found in superficial laminae of Vc-C1 ipsilateral to the capsaicin injection. Nearly all VPM and MTN FG-labeled neurons in Vc-C1 were found contralateral to the injection site, whereas FG-labeled neurons were found bilaterally after PBN injection. The percentage of FG-pERK-NK1-IR neurons was significantly greater (>10%) for PBN projection neurons than for VPM and MTN projection neurons (<3%). pERK-NK1-IR VPM projection neurons were found mainly in the middle-Vc, while pERK-NK1-immunoreactive MTN or PBN projection neurons were found in the middle-Vc and caudal Vc-C1. These results suggest that a significant percentage of capsaicin-responsive neurons in superficial laminae of Vc-C1 project directly to PBN, while neurons that project to VPM and MTN are subject to greater modulation by pERK-IR local interneurons. Furthermore, the rostrocaudal distribution differences of FG-pERK-NK1-IR neurons in Vc-C1 may reflect functional differences between these projection areas regarding craniofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Saito
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Ayano Katagiri
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Shinji Okada
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Lou Mikuzuki
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Asako Kubo
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Suzuki
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Kinuyo Ohara
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Nobuhito Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Toshimitsu Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
| | - David A Bereiter
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan.
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Abstract
Migraine and other primary headache disorders affect a large population and cause debilitating pain. Establishing animal models that display behavioral correlates of long-lasting and ongoing headache, the most common and disabling symptom of migraine, is vital for the elucidation of disease mechanisms and identification of drug targets. We have developed a mouse model of headache, using dural application of capsaicin along with a mixture of inflammatory mediators (IScap) to simulate the induction of a headache episode. This elicited intermittent head-directed wiping and scratching as well as the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in trigeminal ganglion neurons. Interestingly, dural application of IScap preferentially induced FOS protein expression in the excitatory but not inhibitory cervical/medullary dorsal horn neurons. The duration of IScap-induced behavior and the number of FOS-positive neurons correlated positively in individual mice; both were reduced to the control level by the pretreatment of antimigraine drug sumatriptan. Dural application of CGRP(8-37), the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, also effectively blocked IScap-induced behavior, which suggests that the release of endogenous CGRP in the dura is necessary for IScap-induced nociception. These data suggest that dural IScap-induced nocifensive behavior in mice may be mechanistically related to the ongoing headache in humans. In addition, dural application of IScap increased resting time in female mice. Taken together, we present the first detailed study using dural application of IScap in mice. This headache model can be applied to genetically modified mice to facilitate research on the mechanisms and therapeutic targets for migraine headache.
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Mechanisms involved in antinociception induced by a polysulfated fraction from seaweed Gracilaria cornea in the temporomandibular joint of rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 97:76-84. [PMID: 28065754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder is a common clinical condition involving pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region. This study assessed the antinociceptive effects of a polysulfated fraction from the red seaweed Gracilaria cornea (Gc-FI) on the formalin-induced TMJ hypernociception in rats and investigated the involvement of different mechanisms. Male Wistar rats were pretreated with injection (sc) of saline or Gc-FI 1h before intra- TMJ injection of formalin to evaluate the nociception. The results showed that pretreatment with Gc-FI significantly reduced formalin-induced nociceptive behavior. Moreover, the antinociceptive effect of the Gc-FI was blocked by naloxone (a non-selective opioid antagonist), suggesting the involvement of opioids selective receptors. Thus, the pretreatment with selective opioids receptors antagonists, reversed the antinociceptive effect of the Gc-FI in the TMJ. The Gc-FI antinociceptive effect depends on the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP/protein kinase G/ATP-sensitive potassium channel (NO/cGMP/PKG/K+ATP) pathway because it was prevented by pretreatment with inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase enzyme, PKG and a K+ATP blocker. In addition, after inhibition with a specific heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitor, the antinociceptive effect of the Gc-FI was not observed. Collectively, these data suggest that the antinociceptive effect induced by Gc-FI is mediated by μ/δ/κ-opioid receptors and by activation NO/cGMP/PKG/K+ATP channel pathway, besides of HO-1.
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Dos Anjos KS, Araújo-Filho HG, Duarte MC, Costa VCO, Tavares JF, Silva MS, Almeida JRGS, Souza NAC, Rolim LA, Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Quintans JSS, Quintans-Júnior LJ. HPLC-DAD analysis, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Hyptis umbrosa in mice. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:14-24. [PMID: 28337115 PMCID: PMC5318689 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyptis umbrosa (syn. Mesosphaerum sidifolium) (Lamiaceae Family) has been used to treat several conditions such as gastrointestinal disorders, skin infections, nasal congestion, fever and cramps. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, analgesic and anti-inflammatory profiles of ethanol extract from leaves of Hyptis umbrosa (EEB). HPLC-DAD was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram of the extract. Male Swiss mice were orally pretreated with EEB (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg; 60 min before initiating algesic stimulation) and antinociceptive activity was assessed using the acetic acid-induced writhing model, formalin test and hyperalgesia induced by glutamate or capsaicin. Also, peritonitis was induced by the intrathoracic injection of carrageenan to quantify the total number of leukocytes. The presence of phenolic compounds in the extract was confirmed using HPLC-DAD. The treatment with EEB, at all doses, produced a significant analgesic effect against acetic acid-induced antinociceptive activity. In the formalin test, only the 400-mg/kg-dose of EEB had a significant effect in the first phase. However, all doses tested were able to reverse nociception in the second phase. The effect of all doses of EEB also showed a significant antinociceptive effect in the glutamate and capsaicin tests and inhibited the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. The present study suggests that the EEB possesses peripheral analgesic action and showed potential in reducing the spreading of the inflammatory processes. Also, it seems to be related with vanilloid and glutamate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klécia S Dos Anjos
- Department of Physiology. Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Heitor G Araújo-Filho
- Department of Physiology. Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Duarte
- Department of Physiology. Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Nathália A C Souza
- Analytical Center of Drugs, Medicines and Food - CAFMA. Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Rolim
- Analytical Center of Drugs, Medicines and Food - CAFMA. Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry. Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry. Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology. Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology. Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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40
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Siqueira-Lima PS, Silva JC, Quintans JS, Antoniolli AR, Shanmugam S, Barreto RS, Santos MR, Almeida JR, Bonjardim LR, Menezes IR, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Natural products assessed in animal models for orofacial pain – a systematic review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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Demirkaya K, Akgün ÖM, Şenel B, Öncel Torun Z, Seyrek M, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M, Doğrul A. Selective 5-HT7 receptor agonists LP 44 and LP 211 elicit an analgesic effect on formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:218-22. [PMID: 27383702 PMCID: PMC5022221 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recently identified serotonin (5-HT) receptor is the 5-HT7 receptor. The antinociceptive effects of a 5-HT7 receptor agonist have been shown in neuropathic and inflammatory animal models of pain. A recent study demonstrated the functional expression of 5-HT7 receptors in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis, which receives and processes orofacial nociceptive inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Demirkaya
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Martı Akgün
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buğra Şenel
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Öncel Torun
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melik Seyrek
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pharmacology and Pain Research Centre, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Enza Lacivita
- - Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Bari, Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- - Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Bari, Italy
| | - Ahmet Doğrul
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pharmacology and Pain Research Centre, Ankara, Turkey
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42
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Silva JC, Almeida JR, Quintans JS, Gopalsamy RG, Shanmugam S, Serafini MR, Oliveira MR, Silva BA, Martins AO, Castro FF, Menezes IR, Coutinho HD, Oliveira RC, Thangaraj P, Araújo AA, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Enhancement of orofacial antinociceptive effect of carvacrol, a monoterpene present in oregano and thyme oils, by β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:454-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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43
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(−)-α-Bisabolol reduces orofacial nociceptive behavior in rodents. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 390:187-195. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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44
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Fu H, Fang P, Zhou HY, Zhou J, Yu XW, Ni M, Zheng JY, Jin Y, Chen JG, Wang F, Hu ZL. Acid-sensing ion channels in trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the orofacial region contribute to orofacial inflammatory pain. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:193-202. [PMID: 26510178 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Orofacial pain is a common clinical symptom that is accompanied by tooth pain, migraine and gingivitis. Accumulating evidence suggests that acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), especially ASIC3, can profoundly affect the physiological properties of nociception in peripheral sensory neurons. The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of ASICs in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons to orofacial inflammatory pain. A Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence assay of labelled trigeminal ganglion neurons, orofacial formalin test, cell preparation and electrophysiological experiments are performed. This study demonstrated that ASIC1, ASIC2a and ASIC3 are highly expressed in TG neurons innervating the orofacial region of rats. The amplitude of ASIC currents in these neurons increased 119.72% (for ASIC1-like current) and 230.59% (for ASIC3-like current) in the formalin-induced orofacial inflammatory pain model. In addition, WB and immunofluorescence assay demonstrated a significantly augmented expression of ASICs in orofacial TG neurons during orofacial inflammation compared with the control group. The relative protein density of ASIC1, ASIC2a and ASIC3 also increased 58.82 ± 8.92%, 45.30 ± 11.42% and 55.32 ± 14.71%, respectively, compared with the control group. Furthermore, pharmacological blockade of ASICs and genetic deletion of ASIC1 attenuated the inflammation response. These findings indicate that peripheral inflammation can induce the upregulation of ASICs in TG neurons, causing orofacial inflammatory pain. Additionally, the specific inhibitor of ASICs may have a significant analgesic effect on orofacial inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei.,Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, China
| | - Peng Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Hai-Yun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Jie-Yan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - You Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Zhuang-Li Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei
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45
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Barreto RSS, Quintans JSS, Amarante RKL, Nascimento TS, Amarante RS, Barreto AS, Pereira EWM, Duarte MC, Coutinho HDM, Menezes IRA, Zengin G, Aktumsek A, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Evidence for the involvement of TNF-α and IL-1β in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. (Lamiaceae) essential oil and (-)-α-bisabolol, its main compound, in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:9-18. [PMID: 27292196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in Turkey and Iranian folk medicine due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, but little is known about its essential oil. AIM OF THIS STUDY We studied the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of S. lavandulifolia essential oil (EOSl) and (-)-α-bisabolol (BIS), its main compound, in algogen-induced orofacial nociceptive behavior in mice, and assessed the possible involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines in these profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GC-FID and GC-MS analysis of EOSl demonstrated the presence of (-)-α-bisabolol (56.4%), bicyclogermacrene (5.3%), δ-cadinene (4.2%) and spathulenol (2.9%) as the main compounds. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with EOSl (25 or 50mg/kg, p.o.), BIS (25 or 50mg/kg, p.o.), morphine (3mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle (saline 0.9% with two drops of tween 80, 0.2%), before formalin- (20μl, 2%), capsaicin- (20μl, 2.5µg) or glutamate- (20μl, 25Mm) injection into the right upper lip (perinasal area) in mice. The anti-inflammatory profile of EOSl or BIS (50mg/kg) was assessed by the inflammatory response induced by carrageenan (2% in 0.2mL) in mice (pleurisy model). RESULTS Our results showed that p.o. treatment with EOSl and BIS displayed significant inhibitory (p<0.05 or p<0.01 or p<0.001) effects in different orofacial pain tests on mice, but BIS proved to be more effective, significantly reducing nociceptive behavior in all tests including both phases of the formalin test. The analgesic effect is not related to any abnormality since EOSl- or BIS-treated mice exhibited no performance alteration in grip strength. Moreover, EOS1 and BIS exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect (p<0.001) in the pleurisy model of inflammation, which seems to be related to a significant reduction (p<0.05) of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in BIS treatment, and of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β (p<0.01) in EOS1 treatment. CONCLUSION Our results corroborate the use of S. lavandulifolia in traditional medicine as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory, which seems to be related to (-)-α-Bisabolol, the main compound of EOSl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana S S Barreto
- Department of Health Education (Lagarto Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ruthy K L Amarante
- Department of Health Education (Lagarto Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Tainá S Nascimento
- Department of Health Education (Lagarto Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rosana S Amarante
- Department of Health Education (Lagarto Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - André S Barreto
- Department of Health Education (Lagarto Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Erik W M Pereira
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Duarte
- Department of Pharmacy (São Cristóvão Campus), Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto or São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato-CE, Brazil
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato-CE, Brazil
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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46
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Evidence for the Participation of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs) in the Antinociceptive Effect of Curcumin in a Formalin-Induced Orofacial Inflammatory Model. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:635-642. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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47
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Silva JC, Macedo LA, Souza GR, Oliveira-Junior RG, Lima-Saraiva SR, Lavor ÉM, Silva MG, Souza MT, Bonjardim LR, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Mendes RL, Almeida JR. Orofacial antinociceptive effect of the ethanolic extract of Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 71:209-14. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2015-5024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae) is a species popularly known in Brazil as “araticum” and “pinha da Caatinga”. We have evaluated the antinociceptive effects of A. vepretorum in formalin-, capsaicin-, and glutamate-induced orofacial nociception in mice. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with either saline (p.o.), A. vepretorum ethanol extract (Av-EtOH 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.), or morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), before formalin, capsaicin, or glutamate was injected into the right upper lip. Pre-treatment with Av-EtOH at all doses produced a reduction in face-rubbing behavior induced by formalin in both phases, and these pre-treatments also produced a significant antinociceptive effect in the capsaicin and glutamate tests. Pre-treatment with naloxone (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.) did not reverse the antinociceptive activity of the extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg in the first phase of this test. Our results suggest that Av-EtOH might be useful in the treatment of orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane C. Silva
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa A.R.O. Macedo
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Grasielly R. Souza
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raimundo G. Oliveira-Junior
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sarah R.G. Lima-Saraiva
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Érica M. Lavor
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mariana G. Silva
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marilia T.S. Souza
- Department of Physiology , Federal University of Sergipe (DFS/UFS) , Postal Code 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Bonjardim
- Department of Physiology , Federal University of Sergipe (DFS/UFS) , Postal Code 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lucindo J. Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology , Federal University of Sergipe (DFS/UFS) , Postal Code 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rosemairy L. Mendes
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jackson R.G.S. Almeida
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of San Francisco Valley , Postal Code 56.304-205, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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de Carvalho EF, de Oliveira SK, Nardi VK, Gelinski TC, Bortoluzzi MC, Maraschin M, Nardi GM. Ilex paraguariensis Promotes Orofacial Pain Relief After Formalin Injection: Involvement of Noradrenergic Pathway. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:S31-7. [PMID: 27114689 PMCID: PMC4821104 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.178643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Drinking mate or chimarrão, a hot infusion of Ilex paraguariensis (ILEX) leaves, is a common habit in Southern South America that has a social and almost ritualistic role. It has been used as a stimulant beverage in South America and analgesic in regions of Argentina for treatment of headache and others painful inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and rheumatism. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological activity of I. paraguariensis infusion (ILEX) on orofacial nociception model induced by formalin, and study its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: The analgesic effect of ILEX was assessed through writhing test, paw formalin test, paw edema induced by carrageenan, and orofacial pain induced by formalin. To study the action mechanism of ILEX, opioidergic, dopaminergic, nitrergic, and adrenergic pathways were investigated. Results: The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of ILEX infusion revealed caffeine and theobromine. The treatment with ILEX reduced the number of writhing. However, it was effective neither in the formalin paw test nor in the paw edema induced by carrageenan. Different from formalin paw test, ILEX was able to reduce the orofacial reactivity to formalin in 31.8% (70.4 ± 2.5 s; first phase), and 20% (127.3 ± 18.9 s; second phase). The analgesic effect of ILEX results from the modulation of noradrenergic pathways since prazosin (α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, 0.15 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) reversed the analgesic effect of ILEX. Conclusions: The present report demonstrates that analgesic effect of ILEX in orofacial formalin test is due mainly to modulation of noradrenergic pathways. SUMMARY Ilex paraguariensis (ILEX) has been used as a stimulant beverage in South America and analgesic in regions of Argentina for the treatment of headache and others painful inflammatory conditions such arthritis and rheumatism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological activity of ILEX on orofacial nociception model induced by formalin, and study its mechanism of action. ILEX reduced the number of writhing and orofacial reactivity to formalin in mice. However, it was effective neither in the formalin paw test nor in the paw edema induced by carrageenan. The analgesic effect of ILEX results from the modulation of noradrenergic pathways.
Abbreviation Used: ILEX: Infusion of Ilex paraguariensis, NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, L-NOARG: L-NG-nitro-arginine, UV: Ultraviolet, i.p.: Intraperitoneal, NOS: Nitric Oxide Synthase, ANOVA: Analysis of variance, S.E.M.: Standard error of mean, HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography, NO: Nitric Oxide, v.o.: Oral route, DCQ: dicaffeoylquinic acid, BMS: Burning mouth syndrome, PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudislaine Fonseca de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Area of Biological and Health Science, University of the West of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil
| | - Simone Kobe de Oliveira
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Viviane Koepp Nardi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Area of Biological and Health Science, University of the West of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil
| | - Tathiana Carla Gelinski
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Area of Biological and Health Science, University of the West of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Maraschin
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Geisson Marcos Nardi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Area of Biological and Health Science, University of the West of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil
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Falcão RE, de Souza SA, Camara CA, Quintans JS, Santos PL, Correia MTS, Silva TM, Lima AA, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Guimarães AG. Evaluation of the orofacial antinociceptive profile of the ethyl acetate fraction and its major constituent, rosmarinic acid, from the leaves of Hyptis pectinata on rodents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tomic´ MA, Pecikoza UB, Micov AM, Stepanovic´-Petrovic´ RM. The Efficacy of Eslicarbazepine Acetate in Models of Trigeminal, Neuropathic, and Visceral Pain. Anesth Analg 2015; 121:1632-9. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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