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Riboni N, Bianchi F, Mattarozzi M, Caldara M, Gullì M, Graziano S, Maestri E, Marmiroli N, Careri M. Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Evaluate the Metabolomic Response of Durum Wheat to Sustainable Treatments. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15407-15416. [PMID: 37796632 PMCID: PMC10591464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture aims at achieving a healthy food production while reducing the use of fertilizers and greenhouse gas emissions using biostimulants and soil amendments. Untargeted metabolomics by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility-high-resolution mass spectrometry, operating in a high-definition MSE mode, was applied to investigate the metabolome of durum wheat in response to sustainable treatments, i.e., the addition of biochar, commercial plant growth promoting microbes, and their combination. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis provided a good discrimination among treatments with sensitivity, specificity, and a non-error rate close to 1. A total of 88 and 45 discriminant compounds having biological, nutritional, and technological implications were tentatively identified in samples grown in 2020 and 2021. The addition of biochar-biostimulants produced the highest up-regulation of lipids and flavonoids, with the glycolipid desaturation being the most impacted pathway, whereas carbohydrates were mostly down-regulated. The findings achieved suggest the safe use of the combined biochar-biostimulant treatment for sustainable wheat cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Riboni
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Center
for Energy and Environment (CIDEA), Centro Santa Elisabetta, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 95, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marina Caldara
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Graziano
- Interdepartmental
Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Centro
Santa Elisabetta, National Interuniversity
Center for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze 95, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A-17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Prakasham K, Gurrani S, Wu CF, Wu MT, Hsieh TJ, Peng CY, Huang PC, Krishnan A, Tsai PC, Lin YC, Tsai B, Lin YC, Ponnusamy VK. Rapid identification and monitoring of cooking oil fume-based toxic volatile organic aldehydes in lung tissue for predicting exposure level and cancer risks. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139704. [PMID: 37536542 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Cooking oil fumes (COFs) comprised of a mixture of cancer-causing volatile organic aldehydes (VOAs), particularly trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (t,t-DDE), 4-hydroxy-hexenal (4-HHE), and 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4-HNE). Monitoring toxic VOAs levels in people exposed to different cooking conditions is vital to predicting the cancer risk. For this purpose, we developed a fast tissue extraction (FaTEx) technique combined with UHPLC-MS/MS to monitor three toxic VOAs in mice lung tissue samples. FaTEx pre-treatment protocol was developed by combining two syringes for extraction and clean-up process. The various procedural steps affecting the FaTEx sample pre-treatment process were optimized to enhance the target VOAs' extraction efficiency from the sample matrix. Under the optimal experimental conditions, results exhibit good correlation coefficient values > 0.99, detection limits were between 0.5-3 ng/g, quantification limits were between 1-10 ng/g, and the matrix effect was <18.1%. Furthermore, the extraction recovery values of the spiked tissue exhibited between 88.9-109.6% with <8.6% of RSD. Cooking oil fume (containing t,t-DDE) treated mice at various time durations were sacrificed to validate the developed technique, and it was found that t,t-DDE concentrations were from 14.8 to 33.8 μg/g. The obtained results were found to be a fast, reliable, and semi-automated sample pre-treatment technique with good extraction efficiency, trace level detection limit, and less matrix effect. Therefore, this method can be applied as a potential analytical method to determine the VOAs in humans exposed to long-term cooking oil fumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Prakasham
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Swapnil Gurrani
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; International Master Program of Translational Medicine, College of Engineering and Science, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yu Peng
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Anbarasu Krishnan
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India; Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Lin
- Research and Development Division, Great Engineering Technology (GETECH) Corporation, No.392, Yucheng Rd., Zuoying District., Kaohsiung City, 813, Taiwan
| | - Bongee Tsai
- Research and Development Division, Great Engineering Technology (GETECH) Corporation, No.392, Yucheng Rd., Zuoying District., Kaohsiung City, 813, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chung Lin
- Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
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Riccio G, Berenguer CV, Perestrelo R, Pereira F, Berenguer P, Ornelas CP, Sousa AC, Vital JA, Pinto MDC, Pereira JAM, Greco V, Câmara JS. Differences in the Volatilomic Urinary Biosignature of Prostate Cancer Patients as a Feasibility Study for the Detection of Potential Biomarkers. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:4904-4921. [PMID: 37232828 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the second most common malignant tumour and the main cause of oncological death in men. Investigating endogenous volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) produced by various metabolic pathways is emerging as a novel, effective, and non-invasive source of information to establish the volatilomic biosignature of PCa. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) was used to establish the urine volatilomic profile of PCa and identify VOMs that can discriminate between the two investigated groups. This non-invasive approach was applied to oncological patients (PCa group, n = 26) and cancer-free individuals (control group, n = 30), retrieving a total of 147 VOMs from various chemical families. This included terpenes, norisoprenoid, sesquiterpenes, phenolic, sulphur and furanic compounds, ketones, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, carboxylic acid, benzene and naphthalene derivatives, hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic hydrocarbons. The data matrix was subjected to multivariate analysis, namely partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Accordingly, this analysis showed that the group under study presented different volatomic profiles and suggested potential PCa biomarkers. Nevertheless, a larger cohort of samples is required to boost the predictability and accuracy of the statistical models developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Riccio
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Univesità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina V Berenguer
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ferdinando Pereira
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM-Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Pedro Berenguer
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
- RO-RAM-Registo Oncológico da Região Autónoma da Madeira, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Cristina P Ornelas
- Centro de Saúde do Bom Jesus, SESARAM, EPERAM, Rua das Hortas, nº67, 9050-024 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ana Célia Sousa
- Centro de Investigação Dra Maria Isabel Mendonça, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Aragão Vital
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM-Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Maria do Carmo Pinto
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, SESARAM, EPERAM-Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº57, 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jorge A M Pereira
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Univesità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, NPRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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Gashimova EM, Temerdashev AZ, Porkhanov VA, Polyakov IS, Perunov DV. Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath as Biomarkers of Lung Cancer: Advances and Potential Problems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193482207005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Choueiry F, Barham A, Zhu J. Analyses of lung cancer-derived volatiles in exhaled breath and in vitro models. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1179-1190. [PMID: 35410512 PMCID: PMC9335511 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221082634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer incidence and cancer-related deaths in the world. Early diagnosis of pulmonary tumors results in improved survival compared to diagnosis with more advanced disease, yet early disease is not reliably indicated by symptoms. Despite of the improved testing and monitoring techniques for lung cancer in the past decades, most diagnostic tests, such as sputum cytology or tissue biopsies, are invasive and risky, rendering them unfeasible for large population screening. The non-invasive analysis of exhaled breath has gained attentions as an innovative screening method to measure chemical alterations within the human volatilome profile as a result of oncogenesis. More importantly, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been correlated to the pathophysiology of disease since the source of volatile compounds relies mostly on endogenous metabolic processes that are altered as a result of disease onset. Therefore, studying VOCs emitted from human breath may assist lung cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and other surveillance of this devastating disease. In this mini review, we evaluated recent human studies that have attempted to identify lung cancer-derived volatiles in exhaled breath of patients. We also examined reported volatiles in cell cultures of lung cancer to better understand the origins of cancer-associated VOCs. We highlight the metabolic processes of lung cancer that could be responsible for the endogenous synthesis of these VOCs and pinpoint the protein-encoding genes involved in these pathways. Finally, we highlight the potential value of a breath test in lung cancer and propose prominent areas for future research required for the incorporation of VOCs-based testing into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Choueiry
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1132, USA
| | - Addison Barham
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1132, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1132, USA,James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Jiangjiang Zhu.
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Application of Thin-Film Microextraction to Analyze Volatile Metabolites in A549 Cancer Cells. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100704. [PMID: 34677419 PMCID: PMC8541397 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed in the last two decades as biomarkers for disease detection and therapeutic monitoring. Model in vitro experiments with established cell lines are fundamental to clarify whether given VOCs originate from normal human cells or pathogens, including transformed cancer cells. Due to the trace concentrations of target metabolites, adsorptive enrichment is needed before gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) being perfectly suited for this purpose. Here, a modification of SPME, the thin-film microextraction (TFME) technique, is proposed for analysis of cellular VOCs, which utilizes a planar mesh coated with stationary phase to increase the extraction phase volume and active surface area. In this study, four different adsorbents were compared: carboxen, divinylbenzene, hydrophobic−lipophilic balanced and polydimethylsiloxane. Amongst them, HLB sheets using poly(divinylbenzene-co-N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) skeleton structure proved to be the most versatile, enabling the most sensitive analysis of VOCs with a broad polarity and volatility. For HLB, sampling type (internal static headspace, external bi-directional headspace), extraction temperature and extraction time were also examined. An established method was successfully applied to analyze metabolites produced by A549 cells revealing five volatiles at significantly higher (additionally benzaldehyde at lower) levels in cell culture medium compared to the cell-free reference medium headspace.
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Zhang J, Sans M, Garza KY, Eberlin LS. MASS SPECTROMETRY TECHNOLOGIES TO ADVANCE CARE FOR CANCER PATIENTS IN CLINICAL AND INTRAOPERATIVE USE. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:692-720. [PMID: 33094861 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Developments in mass spectrometry technologies have driven a widespread interest and expanded their use in cancer-related research and clinical applications. In this review, we highlight the developments in mass spectrometry methods and instrumentation applied to direct tissue analysis that have been tailored at enhancing performance in clinical research as well as facilitating translation and implementation of mass spectrometry in clinical settings, with a focus on cancer-related studies. Notable studies demonstrating the capabilities of direct mass spectrometry analysis in biomarker discovery, cancer diagnosis and prognosis, tissue analysis during oncologic surgeries, and other clinically relevant problems that have the potential to substantially advance cancer patient care are discussed. Key challenges that need to be addressed before routine clinical implementation including regulatory efforts are also discussed. Overall, the studies highlighted in this review demonstrate the transformative potential of mass spectrometry technologies to advance clinical research and care for cancer patients. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Marta Sans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Kyana Y Garza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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Buma AIG, Muller M, de Vries R, Sterk PJ, van der Noort V, Wolf-Lansdorf M, Farzan N, Baas P, van den Heuvel MM. eNose analysis for early immunotherapy response monitoring in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2021; 160:36-43. [PMID: 34399166 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exhaled breath analysis by electronic nose (eNose) has shown to be a potential predictive biomarker before start of anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We hypothesized that the eNose could also be used as an early monitoring tool to identify responders more accurately at early stage of treatment when compared to baseline. In this proof-of-concept study we aimed to definitely discriminate responders from non-responders after six weeks of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective observational study in patients with advanced NSCLC eligible for anti-PD-1 treatment. The efficacy of treatment was assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 at 3-month follow-up. We analyzed SpiroNose exhaled breath data of 94 patients (training cohort n = 62, validation cohort n = 32). Data analysis involved signal processing and statistics based on Independent Samples T-tests and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) followed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS In the training cohort, a specificity of 73% was obtained at a 100% sensitivity level to identify objective responders. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was 0.95 (CI: 0.89-1.00). In the validation cohort, these results were confirmed with an AUC of 0.97 (CI: 0.91-1.00). CONCLUSION Exhaled breath analysis by eNose early during treatment allows for a highly accurate, non-invasive and low-cost identification of advanced NSCLC patients who benefit from anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirte Muller
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne de Vries
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Breathomix B.V. (www.breathomix.com), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J Sterk
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Niloufar Farzan
- Breathomix B.V. (www.breathomix.com), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Baas
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Enteshari Najafabadi M, Bagheri H, Rostami A. Amine/phenyl gradient derived base layer as a comprehensive extractive phase for headspace cooled in-tube microextraction of volatile organic compounds in saliva. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113599. [PMID: 32957064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A gradient derived base layer extractive phase was synthesized and applied for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in saliva samples using the headspace cooled in-tube microextraction (HS-CITME) method. The base layers from three different sols of phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES), octyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as nonpolar precursors were individually dip coated on the stainless steel wires (SSW). Then, the hydrolyzed polar precursor aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) reacted with the silanol groups already formed on the surface of SSWs via controlled rate infusion (CRI) method. The presence of polar and non-polar functional groups on the surface of substrate was evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while the morphology and thickness of the most suitable gradient coating (amine/phenyl) were also investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Assessment of the gradient extractive phase efficiency was carried out determining a group of VOCs with different polarities coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) and the improved performance of the synthesized base layer coatings was observed. Furthermore, a cooling device was designed and implemented to the extracting system to improve the efficiency by influencing the exothermic nature of process. The data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and the results were interpreted by polarities of analytes. Finally, under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.15 and 0.50 ng L-1, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) at 5 and 50 ng L-1 (n = 3) using a single extractive phase were 2-6 and 10-17, respectively. The data associated with RSDs% for three extractive phases were between 16 and 19 %. Eventually, the method was conveniently applied to the extraction of VOCs from saliva samples of smokers and satisfactory relative recoveries (RR%) (95-108 %) were achieved and low quantities of VOCs were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Enteshari Najafabadi
- Environmental and Bio-Analytical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Bagheri
- Environmental and Bio-Analytical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Akram Rostami
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; NanoAlvand Co., Avicenna Tech. Park, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gashimova E, Temerdashev A, Porkhanov V, Polyakov I, Perunov D, Azaryan A, Dmitrieva E. Investigation of different approaches for exhaled breath and tumor tissue analyses to identify lung cancer biomarkers. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04224. [PMID: 32577579 PMCID: PMC7305397 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of early noninvasive methods for lung cancer diagnosis is among the most promising technologies, especially using exhaled breath as an object of analysis. Simple sample collection combined with easy and quick sample preparation, as well as the long-term stability of the samples, make it an ideal choice for routine analysis. The conditions of exhaled breath analysis by preconcentrating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in sorbent tubes, two-stage thermal desorption and gas-chromatographic determination with flame-ionization detection have been optimized. These conditions were applied to estimate differences in exhaled breath VOC profiles of lung cancer patients and healthy volunteers. The combination of statistical methods was used to evaluate the ability of VOCs and their ratios to classify lung cancer patients and healthy volunteers. The performance of diagnostic models on the test data set was greater than 90 % for both VOC peak areas and their ratios. Some of the exhaled breath samples were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify VOCs present in exhaled breath at lower concentration levels. To confirm the endogenous origin of VOCs found in exhaled breath, GC-MS analysis of tumor tissues was conducted. Some of the VOCs identified in exhaled breath were found in tumor tissues, but their frequency of occurrence was significantly lower than in the case of exhaled breath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Gashimova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Stavropol'skaya St. 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russia
| | - Azamat Temerdashev
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Stavropol'skaya St. 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russia
| | - Vladimir Porkhanov
- Research Institute - Regional Clinical Hospital № 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, 1 May St. 167, Krasnodar, 350086, Russia
| | - Igor Polyakov
- Research Institute - Regional Clinical Hospital № 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, 1 May St. 167, Krasnodar, 350086, Russia
| | - Dmitry Perunov
- Research Institute - Regional Clinical Hospital № 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, 1 May St. 167, Krasnodar, 350086, Russia
| | - Alice Azaryan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Stavropol'skaya St. 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Dmitrieva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Stavropol'skaya St. 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russia
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11
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Zani C, Ceretti E, Zerbini I, Viola GCV, Donato F, Gelatti U, Feretti D. Comet Test in Saliva Leukocytes of Pre-School Children Exposed to Air Pollution in North Italy: The Respira Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3276. [PMID: 32397090 PMCID: PMC7246791 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a well-known problem for human health, especially for children living in highly polluted urban areas. This study aimed to assess the relationship between airborne pollutants concentration and biomarkers of DNA damage in the buccal mucosa cells of pre-school children. DNA damage was investigated with comet test in saliva leukocytes taken from sputum of 3- to 6-year-old children living in Brescia, Northern Italy, collected during two consecutive winter seasons (2012-2013). The daily levels of PM10, PM2.5, NO2, CO, SO2, benzene and O3 in urban air were collected for the whole period. A questionnaire filled in by the children's parents was used to evaluate indoor and outdoor exposure. DNA damage in saliva leukocytes was evaluated in 152 children and the means of tail intensity and visual score as DNA damage were 6.2 ± 4.3 and 182.1 ± 30.9, respectively. No demographic and indoor or outdoor exposure variable was associated with the two measures of DNA damage. No significant association between air pollution and DNA damage in children's buccal leukocytes was found. In this study, the comet assay does not appear to be a valuable biomarker to detect DNA damage in children exposed to high levels of air pollutants, such as PM10, PM2.5 and NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.Z.); (E.C.); (I.Z.); (G.C.V.V.); (F.D.); (U.G.)
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12
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Abstract
In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been recently proposed for the extraction, clean-up and preconcentration of analytes of biological and clinical concern. Bioanalysis can be performed by sampling exo- or endogenous compounds directly in living organisms with minimum invasiveness. In this context, innovative and miniaturized devices characterized by both commercial and lab-made coatings for in vivo SPME tissue sampling have been proposed, thus assessing the feasibility of this technique for biomarker discovery, metabolomics studies or for evaluating the environmental conditions to which organisms can be exposed. Finally, the possibility of directly interfacing SPME to mass spectrometers represents a valuable tool for the rapid quali- and quantitative analysis of complex matrices. This review article provides a survey of in vivo SPME applications focusing on the extraction of tissues, cells and simple organisms. This survey will attempt to cover the state-of- the-art from 2014 up to 2019.
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13
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Ghosh C, Singh V, Grandy J, Pawliszyn J. Recent advances in breath analysis to track human health by new enrichment technologies. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:226-240. [PMID: 31826324 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Detection of biomarkers in exhaled breath has been gaining increasing attention as a tool for diagnosis of specific diseases. However, rapid and accurate quantification of biomarkers associated with specific diseases requires the use of analytical methods capable of fast sampling and preconcentration from breath matrix. In this regard, solid phase microextraction and needle trap technology are becoming increasingly popular in the field of breath analysis due to the unique benefits imparted by such methods, such as the integration of sampling, extraction, and preconcentration in a single step. This review discusses recent advances in breath analysis using these sample preparation techniques, providing a summary of recent developments of analytical methods based on breath volatile organic compounds analysis, including the successful identification of various biomarkers related to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Varoon Singh
- Department of Chemistry, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Grandy
- Department of Chemistry, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, 200 University Avenue West, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Lima AR, Pinto J, Azevedo AI, Barros-Silva D, Jerónimo C, Henrique R, de Lourdes Bastos M, Guedes de Pinho P, Carvalho M. Identification of a biomarker panel for improvement of prostate cancer diagnosis by volatile metabolic profiling of urine. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:857-868. [PMID: 31588123 PMCID: PMC6889512 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) is a major hurdle to improve patient management. METHODS A metabolomics approach based on GC-MS was used to investigate the performance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in general and, more specifically, volatile carbonyl compounds (VCCs) present in urine as potential markers for PCa detection. RESULTS Results showed that PCa patients (n = 40) can be differentiated from cancer-free subjects (n = 42) based on their urinary volatile profile in both VOCs and VCCs models, unveiling significant differences in the levels of several metabolites. The models constructed were further validated using an external validation set (n = 18 PCa and n = 18 controls) to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the urinary volatile profile to discriminate PCa from controls. The VOCs model disclosed 78% sensitivity, 94% specificity and 86% accuracy, whereas the VCCs model achieved the same sensitivity, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 89%. Our findings unveil a panel of 6 volatile compounds significantly altered in PCa patients' urine samples that was able to identify PCa, with a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 83%, and accuracy of 86%. CONCLUSIONS It is disclosed a biomarker panel with potential to be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Lima
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pinto
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Azevedo
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP) Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP) Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology-Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP) Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology-Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Márcia Carvalho
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Huang S, Chen G, Ye N, Kou X, Zhu F, Shen J, Ouyang G. Solid-phase microextraction: An appealing alternative for the determination of endogenous substances - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1077:67-86. [PMID: 31307724 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The determination of endogenous substances is of great significance for obtaining important biotic information such as biological components, metabolic pathways and disease biomarkers in different living organisms (e.g. plants, insects, animals and humans). However, due to the complex matrix and the trace concentrations of target analytes, the sample preparation procedure is an essential step before the analytes of interest are introduced into a detection instrument. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), an emerging sample preparation technique that integrates sampling, extraction, concentration, and sample introduction into one step, has gained wide acceptance in various research fields, including in the determination of endogenous compounds. In this review, recent developments and applications of SPME for the determination of endogenous substances over the past five years are summarized. Several aspects, including the design of SPME devices (sampling configuration and coating), applications (in vitro and in vivo sampling), and coupling with emerging instruments (comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC), ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)) are involved. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of SPME methods in endogenous substances analysis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Huang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Guosheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Niru Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoxue Kou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Center of Advanced Analysis and Computational Science, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
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16
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Mei M, Huang X, Chen L. Recent development and applications of poly (ionic liquid)s in microextraction techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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