1
|
Stefanov MA, Rashkov GD, Borisova PB, Apostolova EL. Changes in Photosystem II Complex and Physiological Activities in Pea and Maize Plants in Response to Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1025. [PMID: 38611554 PMCID: PMC11013719 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress significantly impacts the functions of the photosynthetic apparatus, with varying degrees of damage to its components. Photosystem II (PSII) is more sensitive to environmental stresses, including salinity, than photosystem I (PSI). This study investigated the effects of different salinity levels (0 to 200 mM NaCl) on the PSII complex in isolated thylakoid membranes from hydroponically grown pea (Pisum sativum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) plants treated with NaCl for 5 days. The data revealed that salt stress inhibits the photochemical activity of PSII (H2O → BQ), affecting the energy transfer between the pigment-protein complexes of PSII (as indicated by the fluorescence emission ratio F695/F685), QA reoxidation, and the function of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). These processes were more significantly affected in pea than in maize under salinity. Analysis of the oxygen evolution curves after flashes and continuous illumination showed a stronger influence on the PSIIα than PSIIβ centers. The inhibition of oxygen evolution was associated with an increase in misses (α), double hits (β), and blocked centers (SB) and a decrease in the rate constant of turnover of PSII reaction centers (KD). Salinity had different effects on the two pathways of QA reoxidation in maize and pea. In maize, the electron flow from QA- to plastoquinone was dominant after treatment with higher NaCl concentrations (150 mM and 200 mM), while in pea, the electron recombination on QAQB- with oxidized S2 (or S3) of the OEC was more pronounced. Analysis of the 77 K fluorescence emission spectra revealed changes in the ratio of the light-harvesting complex of PSII (LHCII) monomers and trimers to LHCII aggregates after salt treatment. There was also a decrease in pigment composition and an increase in oxidative stress markers, membrane injury index, antioxidant activity (FRAP assay), and antiradical activity (DPPH assay). These effects were more pronounced in pea than in maize after treatment with higher NaCl concentrations (150 mM-200 mM). This study provides insights into how salinity influences the processes in the donor and acceptor sides of PSII in plants with different salt sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi D Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Preslava B Borisova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun C, Li X, Guo J. Relationship between photosystem activity and ultraweak luminescence excitation in Cerasus humilis leaves under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:1032-1045. [PMID: 36898215 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok (C. humilis) is a wild fruit tree endemic to China. It mainly grows on saline land and often suffers from osmotic stress. Biophotons are ultraweak luminescence (UWL) radiations that are closely related to various biological processes and activities. UWL emission essentially originates from the oxidative stress process of organisms. However, it is unclear whether UWL production is related to the redox state of chloroplasts. Therefore, to understand the UWL emission mechanism in plants, we studied the effect of salt stress on the photosystem (PS) activity and UWL of C. humilis leaves and analyzed the correlation between PS activity and UWL. The results showed that salt stress severely inhibited the PS activity of C. humilis leaves and oxygen-evolving complex, damaged the integrity of the thylakoid membrane, decreased the photochemical efficiency of PSII, and hindered the QA-QB electron transfer. At the same time, the intensity of UWL also decreased. Further, correlation analyses of PS activity indices and UWL showed that UWL was significantly correlated with main parameters of photosystem activity such as PSII the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and photosynthetic performance index based on absorbed light energy (PIABS), as well as the absorption, capture, and transfer of energy in the unit reaction center and unit leaf section. These results indicated that the PS activity of C. humilis was related to the production of UWL, and the intensity of UWL decreased with the decrease in PS activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, 010019, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, 010019, China
| | - Jinli Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, 010019, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Impact of Salinity on the Energy Transfer between Pigment-Protein Complexes in Photosynthetic Apparatus, Functions of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex and Photochemical Activities of Photosystem II and Photosystem I in Two Paulownia Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043108. [PMID: 36834517 PMCID: PMC9967322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study shows the effect of salinity on the functions of thylakoid membranes from two hybrid lines of Paulownia: Paulownia tomentosa x fortunei and Paulownia elongate x elongata, grown in a Hoagland solution with two NaCl concentrations (100 and 150 mM) and different exposure times (10 and 25 days). We observed inhibition of the photochemical activities of photosystem I (DCPIH2 → MV) and photosystem II (H2O → BQ) only after the short treatment (10 days) with the higher NaCl concentration. Data also revealed alterations in the energy transfer between pigment-protein complexes (fluorescence emission ratios F735/F685 and F695/F685), the kinetic parameters of the oxygen-evolving reactions (initial S0-S1 state distribution, misses (α), double hits (β) and blocked centers (SB)). Moreover, the experimental results showed that after prolonged treatment with NaCl Paulownia tomentosa x fortunei adapted to the higher concentration of NaCl (150 mM), while this concentration is lethal for Paulownia elongata x elongata. This study demonstrated the relationship between the salt-induced inhibition of the photochemistry of both photosystems and the salt-induced changes in the energy transfer between the pigment-protein complexes and the alterations in the Mn cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex under salt stress.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhukova NV, Yakovleva IM. Low light acclimation strategy of the brown macroalga Undaria pinnatifida: Significance of lipid and fatty acid remodeling for photosynthetic competence. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:1792-1804. [PMID: 34486722 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brown macroalgae, being important components of benthic communities in temperate regions, are frequently subjected to light limitation. To extend our understanding of their low light acclimation strategies to the regulation of membrane lipid environment, photosynthetic characteristics, lipid class, fatty acid profiles and chloroplast ultrastructure were compared in Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyceae, Ochrophyta) after long-term exposure to low and moderate light intensities (LL, 100 and ML, 280 µmol photons · m-2 · s-1 ). We show that light limitation significantly increased PSII quantum efficiency and photosynthetic electron transport rate, enhanced pigment contents and concentration of thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts but decreased the distance between the thylakoid stacks. These physiological alterations at LL were accompanied by a selective remodeling of thylakoid membrane lipids driven by increases in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) contents. Light limitation also induced active production of PG specific trans-Δ3 -hexadecenoic acid and accumulation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) mostly in PG and MGDG at the expense of the rise in 18:3n-3 and 20:5n-3, 18:4n-3, respectively. These changes in lipid and FA profiles are apparently responsible for supporting thylakoid biogenesis and efficient photosynthesis at light limitation, thus contributing to photoacclimation strategies in brown algae. The content of triacylglycerols (TAG) and the level of their PUFA were decreased at LL, suggesting the consumption of TAG as a source of PUFA and energy reserves. Thus, U. pinnatifida is able to successfully overcome periods of low irradiance through the effective light harvesting and utilization that are provided by high flexibility of lipid biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Zhukova
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Irina M Yakovleva
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Elshoky HA, Yotsova E, Farghali MA, Farroh KY, El-Sayed K, Elzorkany HE, Rashkov G, Dobrikova A, Borisova P, Stefanov M, Ali MA, Apostolova E. Impact of foliar spray of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the photosynthesis of Pisum sativum L. under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:607-618. [PMID: 34464827 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of zinc oxide nanoparticles: bare (ZnO NPs) and ZnO NPs coated with silicon shell (ZnO-Si NPs), on Pisum sativum L. under physiological and salt stress conditions. The experimental results revealed that the foliar spray with ZnO-Si NPs and 200 mg/L ZnO NPs did not influence the stomata structure, the membrane integrity, and the functions of both photosystems under physiological conditions, while 400 mg/L ZnO-Si NPs had beneficial effects on the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) and the photochemistry of photosystem I (PSI). On the contrary, small phytotoxic effects were registered after spraying with 400 mg/L ZnO NPs accompanied by stimulation of the cyclic electron flow around PSI and an increase of the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The results also showed that both types of NPs (with exception of 400 mg/L ZnO NPs) decrease the negative effects of 100 mM NaCl on the photochemistry of PSI (P700 photooxidation) and PSII (qp, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ΦPSII, Φexc), as well as on the pigment content, stomata closure and membrane integrity. The protective effect was stronger after spraying with ZnO-Si NPs in comparison to ZnO NPs, which could be due to the presence of Si coating shell. The role of Si shell is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham A Elshoky
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ekaterina Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mohamed A Farghali
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Nanotechnology Research Center, British University in Egypt, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Farroh
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kh El-Sayed
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Nanotechnology Research Center, British University in Egypt, Egypt
| | - Heba Elsayed Elzorkany
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - George Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Preslava Borisova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maha Anwar Ali
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Emilia Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stefanov MA, Rashkov GD, Yotsova EK, Borisova PB, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Different Sensitivity Levels of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Zea mays L. and Sorghum bicolor L. under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10071469. [PMID: 34371672 PMCID: PMC8309219 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of different NaCl concentrations (0-250 mM) on the photosynthesis of new hybrid lines of maize (Zea mays L. Kerala) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Shamal) were investigated. Salt-induced changes in the functions of photosynthetic apparatus were assessed using chlorophyll a fluorescence (PAM and OJIP test) and P700 photooxidation. Greater differences between the studied species in response to salinization were observed at 150 mM and 200 mM NaCl. The data revealed the stronger influence of maize in comparison to sorghum on the amount of closed PSII centers (1-qp) and their efficiency (Φexc), as well as on the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion of PSII (ΦPSII). Changes in the effective antenna size of PSII (ABS/RC), the electron flux per active reaction center (REo/RC) and the electron transport flux further QA (ETo/RC) were also registered. These changes in primary PSII photochemistry influenced the electron transport rate (ETR) and photosynthetic rate (parameter RFd), with the impacts being stronger in maize than sorghum. Moreover, the lowering of the electron transport rate from QA to the PSI end electron acceptors (REo/RC) and the probability of their reduction (φRo) altered the PSI photochemical activity, which influenced photooxidation of P700 and its decay kinetics. The pigment content and stress markers of oxidative damage were also determined. The data revealed a better salt tolerance of sorghum than maize, associated with the structural alterations in the photosynthetic membranes and the stimulation of the cyclic electron flow around PSI at higher NaCl concentrations. The relationships between the decreased pigment content, increased levels of stress markers and different inhibition levels of the function of both photosystems are discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL, Hanć A, Yotsova E, Borisova P, Sperdouli I, Adamakis IDS, Moustakas M. Cadmium toxicity in Salvia sclarea L.: An integrative response of element uptake, oxidative stress markers, leaf structure and photosynthesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111851. [PMID: 33421673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The herbal plant Salvia sclarea L. (clary sage) is classified to cadmium (Cd) accumulators and considered as a potential plant for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil. However, the effect of Cd only treatment on the function of the photosynthetic apparatus of S. sclarea, as well as the mechanisms involved in Cd tolerance have not yet been studied in detail. This study was conducted to examine the integrative responses of S. sclarea plants exposed to a high Cd supply (100 µM) for 3 and 8 days by investigating element nutrient uptake, oxidative stress markers, pigment composition, photosynthetic performance and leaf structure. Measurements of the functional activities of photosystem I (PSI, by P700 photooxidation), photosystem II (PSII, by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters), the oxygen-evolving complex (oxygen evolution by Joliot- and Clark-type electrodes), as well as the leaf pigment and phenolic contents, were used to evaluate the protective mechanisms of the photosynthetic apparatus under Cd stress. Data suggested that the molecular mechanisms included in the photosynthetic tolerance to Cd toxicity involve strongly increased phenolic and anthocyanin contents, as well as an increased non-photochemical quenching and accelerated cyclic electron transport around PSI up to 61%, which protect the function of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress. Furthermore, the tolerance of S. sclarea to Cd stress is also associated with increased accumulation of Fe in leaves by 25%. All the above, clearly suggest that S. sclarea plants employ several different mechanisms to protect the function of the photosynthetic apparatus against Cd stress, which are discussed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ekaterina Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Preslava Borisova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ilektra Sperdouli
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shao A, Sun Z, Fan S, Xu X, Wang W, Amombo E, Yin Y, Li X, Wang G, Wang H, Fu J. Moderately low nitrogen application mitigate the negative effects of salt stress on annual ryegrass seedlings. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10427. [PMID: 33344081 PMCID: PMC7719293 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate application of nitrogen (N) can alleviate the salt stress-induced damage on plants. This study explores the changes of nitrogen requirement in feeding annual ryegrass seedlings under mild salt concentrations (50 mM, 100 mM) plus its underlying mitigation mechanism. Results showed that low salt concentration decreased N requirement as observed from the increment in plant height and biomass at a relative low N level (2.0 mM not 5.0 mM). Under salt treatment, especially at 50 mM NaCl, the OJIP (Chl a fluorescence induction transient) curve and a series of performance indexes (PIABS, RC/CS0, ET0/CS0, ϕE0, ϕ0) peaked whereas DI0/RC, Vj and M0 were the lowest under moderately low N level (2.0 mM). In addition, under salt stress, moderately low N application could maintain the expression of NR (nitrate reductase) and GS (glutamine synthetase) encoding genes at a relatively stable level but had no effect on the expression of detected NRT (nitrate transporter) gene. The seedlings cultured at 2.0 mM N also exhibited the highest activity of CAT and POD antioxidant enzymes and the lowest MDA content and EL under relative low level of salt treatment. These results indicated that mild salt treatment of annual ryegrass seedlings might reduce N requirement while moderately low N application could promote their growth via regulating photosynthesis, alleviating ROS-induced (reactive oxygen species) damage and maintenance of N metabolism. These results also can provide useful reference for nitrogen application in moderation rather than in excess on annual ryegrass in mild or medium salinity areas through understanding the underlying response mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Shao
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhichao Sun
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Shugao Fan
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Guangyang Wang
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yousefirad S, Soltanloo H, Ramezanpour SS, Zaynali Nezhad K, Shariati V. The RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis reveals genes mediating salt tolerance through rapid triggering of ion transporters in a mutant barley. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229513. [PMID: 32187229 PMCID: PMC7080263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the complex nature of salinity tolerance mechanisms, the use of isogenic lines or mutants possessing the same genetic background albeit different tolerance to salinity is a suitable method for reduction of analytical complexity to study these mechanisms. In the present study, whole transcriptome analysis was evaluated using RNA-seq method between a salt-tolerant mutant line "M4-73-30" and its wild-type "Zarjou" cultivar at seedling stage after six hours of exposure to salt stress (300 mM NaCl). Transcriptome sequencing yielded 20 million reads for each genotype. A total number of 7116 transcripts with differential expression were identified, 1586 and 1479 of which were obtained with significantly increased expression in the mutant and the wild-type, respectively. In addition, the families of WRKY, ERF, AP2/EREBP, NAC, CTR/DRE, AP2/ERF, MAD, MIKC, HSF, and bZIP were identified as the important transcription factors with specific expression in the mutant genotype. The RNA-seq results were confirmed at several time points using qRT-PCR for some important salt-responsive genes. In general, the results revealed that the mutant accumulated higher levels of sodium ion in the root and decreased its transfer to the shoot. Also, the mutant increased the amount of potassium ion leading to the maintenance a high ratio [K+]/[Na+] in the shoot compared to its wild-type via fast stomata closure and consequently transpiration reduction under the salt stress. Moreover, a reduction in photosynthesis and respiration was observed in the mutant, resulting in utilization of the stored energy and the carbon for maintaining the plant tissues, which is considered as a mechanism of salt tolerance in plants. Up-regulation of catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase genes has resulted in higher accumulation of H2O2 in the wild-type compared to the mutant. Therefore, the wild-type initiated rapid ROS signals which led to less oxidative scavenging in comparison with the mutant. The mutant increased expression in the ion transporters and the channels related to the salinity to maintain the ion homeostasis. In overall, the results demonstrated that the mutant responded better to the salt stress under both osmotic and ionic stress phases and lower damage was observed in the mutant compared to its wild-type under the salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Yousefirad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnolgy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Hassan Soltanloo
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnolgy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sanaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnolgy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Khalil Zaynali Nezhad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Biotechnolgy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Vahid Shariati
- Department of Genome Center, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sperdouli I, Moustaka J, Antonoglou O, Adamakis IDS, Dendrinou-Samara C, Moustakas M. Leaf Age-Dependent Effects of Foliar-Sprayed CuZn Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic Efficiency and ROS Generation in Arabidopsis thaliana. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2498. [PMID: 31390827 PMCID: PMC6695995 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Young and mature leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana were exposed by foliar spray to 30 mg L-1 of CuZn nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were synthesized by a microwave-assisted polyol process and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CuZn NPs effects in Arabidopsis leaves were evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis that revealed spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSΙΙ) and the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool (qp), measured 30 min, 90 min, 180 min, and 240 min after spraying. Photosystem II (PSII) function in young leaves was observed to be negatively influenced, especially 30 min after spraying, at which point increased H2O2 generation was correlated to the lower oxidized state of the PQ pool.. Recovery of young leaves photosynthetic efficiency appeared only after 240 min of NPs spray when also the level of ROS accumulation was similar to control leaves. On the contrary, a beneficial effect on PSII function in mature leaves after 30 min of the CuZn NPs spray was observed, with increased ΦPSΙΙ, an increased electron transport rate (ETR), decreased singlet oxygen (1O2) formation, and H2O2 production at the same level of control leaves.An explanation for this differential response is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilektra Sperdouli
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thermi, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Julietta Moustaka
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Orestis Antonoglou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis-Dimosthenis S Adamakis
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 157 72, Greece
| | - Catherine Dendrinou-Samara
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malea P, Charitonidou K, Sperdouli I, Mylona Z, Moustakas M. Zinc Uptake, Photosynthetic Efficiency and Oxidative Stress in the Seagrass Cymodocea nodosa Exposed to ZnO Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12132101. [PMID: 31261885 PMCID: PMC6651621 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We characterized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while we evaluated photosystem II (PSII) responses, Zn uptake kinetics, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, in C. nodosa exposed to 5 mg L−1 and 10 mg L−1 ZnO NPs for 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Four h after exposure to 10 mg L−1 ZnO NPs, we noticed a disturbance of PSII functioning that became more severe after 12 h. However, after a 24 h exposure to 10 mg L−1 ZnO NPs, we observed a hormetic response, with both time and dose as the basal stress levels needed for induction of the adaptive response. This was achieved through the reduced plastoquinone (PQ) pool, at a 12 h exposure, which mediated the generation of chloroplastic H2O2; acting as a fast acclimation signaling molecule. Nevertheless, longer treatment (48 h and 72 h) resulted in decreasing the photoprotective mechanism to dissipate excess energy as heat (NPQ) and increasing the quantum yield of non-regulated energy loss (ΦNO). This increased the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2), and decreased the fraction of open reaction centers, mostly after a 72-h exposure at 10 mg L−1 ZnO NPs due to increased Zn uptake compared to 5 mg L−1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Charitonidou
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, GR-38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Ilektra Sperdouli
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thermi, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Mylona
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Giovanardi M, Pantaleoni L, Ferroni L, Pagliano C, Albanese P, Baldisserotto C, Pancaldi S. In pea stipules a functional photosynthetic electron flow occurs despite a reduced dynamicity of LHCII association with photosystems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:1025-1038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
13
|
Moustaka J, Ouzounidou G, Sperdouli I, Moustakas M. Photosystem II Is More Sensitive than Photosystem I to Al 3+ Induced Phytotoxicity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1772. [PMID: 30235794 PMCID: PMC6165523 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) the most abundant metal in the earth's crust is toxic in acid soils (pH < 5.5) mainly in the ionic form of Al3+ species. The ability of crops to overcome Al toxicity varies among crop species and cultivars. Here, we report for a first time the simultaneous responses of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) to Al3+ phytotoxicity. The responses of PSII and PSI in the durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. cv. 'Appulo E') and the triticale (X Triticosecale Witmark cv. 'Dada') were evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence quenching analysis and reflection spectroscopy respectively, under control (-Al, pH 6.5) and 148 μM Al (+Al, pH 4.5) conditions. During control growth conditions the high activity of PSII in 'Appulo E' led to a rather higher electron flow to PSI, which induced a higher PSI excitation pressure in 'Appulo E' than in 'Dada' that presented a lower PSII activity. However, under 148 μM Al the triticale 'Dada' presented a lower PSII and PSI excitation pressure than 'Appulo E'. In conclusion, both photosystems of 'Dada' displayed a superior performance than 'Appulo E' under Al exposure, while in both cultivars PSII was more affected than PSI from Al3+ phytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julietta Moustaka
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Georgia Ouzounidou
- Institute of Food Technology, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 S. Venizelou Str., GR-14123 Lycovrissi, Greece.
| | - Ilektra Sperdouli
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation⁻Demeter, Thermi, GR-57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lu T, Shi JW, Sun ZP, Qi MF, Liu YF, Li TL. Response of linear and cyclic electron flux to moderate high temperature and high light stress in tomato. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 18:635-648. [PMID: 28681588 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible photoprotection mechanisms of cyclic and linear electron flux (CEF and LEF) under specific high temperature and high light (HH) stress. METHODS Six-leaf-stage tomato seedlings ("Liaoyuanduoli", n=160) were divided into four parts: Part 1, served as control under 25 °C, 500 µmol/(m2·s); Part 2, spayed with distilled water (H2O) under 35 °C, 1000 µmol/(m2·s) (HH); Part 3, spayed with 100 µmol/L diuron (DCMU, CEF inhibitor) under HH; Part 4, spayed with 60 µmol/L methyl viologen (MV, LEF inhibitor) under HH. Energy conversion, photosystem I (PSI), and PSII activity, and trans-thylakoid membrane proton motive force were monitored during the treatment of 5 d and of the recovering 10 d. RESULTS HH decreased photochemical reaction dissipation (P) and the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), and increased the excitation energy distribution coefficient of PSII (β); DCMU and MV aggravated the partition imbalance of the excitation energy (γ) and the photoinhibition degree. With prolonged DCMU treatment time, electron transport rate and quantum efficiency of PSI (ETRI and YI) significantly decreased whereas acceptor and donor side limitation of PSI (YNA and YND) increased. MV led to a significant decline and accession of yield of regulated and non-regulated energy YNPQ and YNO, respectively. Membrane integrity and ATPase activity were reduced by HH stress, and DCMU and MV enhanced inhibitory actions. CONCLUSIONS The protective effects of CEF and LEF were mediated to a certain degree by meliorations in energy absorption and distribution as well as by maintenance of thylakoid membrane integrity and ATPase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jie-Wei Shi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhou-Ping Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ming-Fang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tian-Lai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Protected Vegetable Surrounds Bohai Gulf Region, Shenyang 110866, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hou QZ, Sun K, Zhang H, Su X, Fan BQ, Feng HQ. The responses of photosystem II and intracellular ATP production of Arabidopsis leaves to salt stress are affected by extracellular ATP. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2018; 131:331-339. [PMID: 29098479 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypertonic salt stress with different concentrations of NaCl increased the levels of extracellular ATP of Arabidopsis leaves. And, hypertonic salt stress decreased the levels of F v /F m (the maximal efficiency of photosystem II), Φ PSII (the photosystem II operating efficiency), qP (photochemical quenching), and intracellular ATP (iATP) production. The treatment with β,γ-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate (AMP-PCP), which can exclude extracellular ATP from its binding sites of extracellular ATP receptors, caused a further decrease in the levels of F v /F m , Φ PSII, qP, and iATP production of the salt-stressed Arabidopsis leaves, while the addition of exogenous ATP rescued the inhibitory effects of AMP-PCP on Φ PSII , qP, and iATP production under hypertonic salt stress. Under hypertonic salt stress, the values of F v /F m , Φ PSII , qP, and iATP production were lower in the dorn 1-3 mutant than in the wild-type plants. These results indicate that the responses of photosystem II and intracellular ATP production to salt stress could be affected by extracellular ATP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Zheng Hou
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Xue Su
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Bao-Qiang Fan
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Han-Qing Feng
- Department of Biology Science, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang G, Bi A, Amombo E, Li H, Zhang L, Cheng C, Hu T, Fu J. Exogenous Calcium Enhances the Photosystem II Photochemistry Response in Salt Stressed Tall Fescue. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2032. [PMID: 29250091 PMCID: PMC5715236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Calcium enhances turfgrass response to salt stress. However, little is known about PSII photochemical changes when exogenous calcium was applied in salinity-stressed turfgrass. Here, we probe into the rearrangements of PSII electron transport and endogenous ion accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) treated with exogenous calcium under salt stress. Three-month-old seedlings of genotype "TF133" were subjected to the control (CK), salinity (S), salinity + calcium nitrate (SC), and salinity + ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (SE). Calcium nitrate and ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid was used as exogenous calcium donor and calcium chelating agent respectively. At the end of a 5-day duration treatment, samples in SC regime had better photochemistry performance on several parameters than salinity only. Such as the Area (equal to the plastoquinone pool size), N (number of [Formula: see text] redox turnovers until Fm is reached), ψE0, or δRo (Efficiencdy/probability with which a PSII trapped electron is transferred from QA to QB or PSI acceptors), ABS/RC (Absorbed photon flux per RC). All the above suggested that calcium enhanced the electron transfer of PSII (especially beyond [Formula: see text]) and prevented reaction centers from inactivation in salt-stressed tall fescue. Furthermore, both grass shoot and root tissues generally accumulated more C, N, Ca2+, and K+ in the SC regime than S regime. Interrelated analysis indicated that ψE0, δRo, ABS/RC, C, and N content in shoots was highly correlated to each other and significantly positively related to Ca2+ and K+ content in roots. Besides, high salt increased ATP6E and CAMK2 transcription level in shoot at 1 and 5 day, respectively while exogenous calcium relieved it. In root, CAMK2 level was reduced by Salinity at 5 day and exogenous calcium recovered it. These observations involved in electron transport capacity and ion accumulation assist in understanding better the protective role of exogenous calcium in tall fescue under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aoyue Bi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marchin RM, Turnbull TL, Deheinzelin AI, Adams MA. Does triacylglycerol (TAG) serve a photoprotective function in plant leaves? An examination of leaf lipids under shading and drought. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2017; 161:400-413. [PMID: 28664534 PMCID: PMC5877405 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant survival in many ecosystems requires tolerance of large radiation loads, unreliable water supply and suboptimal soil fertility. We hypothesized that increased production of neutral lipids (triacylglycerols, TAGs) in plant leaves is a mechanism for dissipating excess radiation energy. In a greenhouse experiment, we combined drought and shade treatments and examined responses among four species differing in life form, habitat, and drought- and shade-tolerance. We also present a lipid extraction protocol suitable for sclerophyllous leaves of native Australian trees (e.g. Acacia, Eucalyptus). Fluorescence measurements indicated that plants exposed to full sunlight experienced mild photoinhibition during our experiment. Accumulation of TAGs did not follow photosynthetic capacity, but instead, TAG concentration increased with non-photochemical quenching. This suggests that plants under oxidative stress may increase biosynthesis of TAGs. Moderate drought stress resulted in a 60% reduction in TAG concentration in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Shading had no effect on TAGs, but increased concentrations of polar lipids in leaves; for example, acclimation to shade in Austrodanthonia spp., a native Australian grass, resulted in a 60% increase in associated polar lipids and higher foliar chlorophyll concentrations. Shading also reduced the digalactosyldiacylglycerol:monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG:MGDG) ratio in leaves, with a corresponding increase in the degree of unsaturation and thus fluidity of thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. Our results suggest that prevention of photodamage may be coordinated with accumulation of TAGs, although further research is required to determine if TAGs serve a photoprotective function in plant leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée M. Marchin
- Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Tarryn L. Turnbull
- Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Audrey I. Deheinzelin
- Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Mark A. Adams
- Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- I.A. Watson Grains Research Centre, University of Sydney, Narrabri, NSW, 2390, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sarabi B, Bolandnazar S, Ghaderi N, Ghashghaie J. Genotypic differences in physiological and biochemical responses to salinity stress in melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants: Prospects for selection of salt tolerant landraces. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 119:294-311. [PMID: 28938176 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran often cultivated in arid and semiarid regions of the country with salinity problems. The objective of this work was to better understand the mechanisms of physiological and biochemical responses to salinity stress of five Iranian melon landraces "Samsuri", "Kashan", "Khatouni", "Suski-e-Sabz", and "Ghobadlu" from different geographical origins, and "Galia" F1 cultivar. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions and irrigated with half-strength Hoagland solution containing 0, 30, 60, or 90 mM NaCl for 60 days. Increase in the external salt concentration was accompanied by an obvious depression in leaf relative water content, membrane stability index, chlorophyll a and b and carotenoid contents, stomata and trichome density, leaf area, specific leaf area, biomass, leaf and stem K+ concentrations as well as leaf and stem K+/Na+ ratios in all landraces studied. In contrast, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, proline and soluble carbohydrate contents, activity of antioxidant enzymes as well as leaf and stem Na+ and Cl- concentrations, all increased significantly with increasing stress over all plants. Moreover, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C), determined on leaf organic matter, was found to be associated with evaluated traits. For example, a highly positive correlation between Δ13C and both biomass production and salt tolerance index was notable when all saline treatments were averaged (r = 0.998 and 0.998, respectively). Also, scatter plot and clustering analysis showed that "Suski-e-Sabz" and "Ghobadlu" were placed close to "Galia" F1, a salt tolerant cultivar, indicating that their similar behavior under salinity. Overall, the present results indicated a significant genetic variability for most of the traits studied, suggesting that "Suski-e-Sabz" and "Ghobadlu" could be introduced as the superior landraces and the most promising tolerant parents in the future melon breeding programs due to their suitable performance, in terms of responses to salt stress as compared with other landraces. Also, Δ13C can be used as a powerful criterion in melon breeding programs aimed at selection of salt tolerant landraces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Sarabi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sahebali Bolandnazar
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Ghaderi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Jaleh Ghashghaie
- Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dobrikova AG, Yotsova EK, Börner A, Landjeva SP, Apostolova EL. The wheat mutant DELLA-encoding gene (Rht-B1c) affects plant photosynthetic responses to cadmium stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 114:10-18. [PMID: 28246038 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Тhe sensitivity to cadmium (Cd) stress of two near-isogenic wheat lines with differences at the Rht-B1 locus, Rht-B1a (tall wild type, encoding DELLA proteins) and Rht-B1c (dwarf mutant, encoding modified DELLA proteins), was investigated. The effects of 100 μM CdCl2 on plant growth, pigment content and functional activity of the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat seedlings grown on a nutrient solution were evaluated through a combination of PAM chlorophyll fluorescence, oxygen evolution, oxidation-reduction kinetics of P700 and 77 K fluorescence. The results showed that the wheat mutant (Rht-B1c) was more tolerant to Cd stress compared to the wild type (Rht-B1a), as evidenced by the lower reductions in plant growth and pigment content, lower inhibition of photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and of the oxygen evolution measured with Clark-type and Joliot-type electrodes. Furthermore, the enhanced Cd tolerance was accompanied by increased Cd accumulation within mutant plant tissues. The molecular mechanisms through which the Rht-B1c mutation improves plant tolerance to Cd stress involve structural alterations in the mutant photosynthetic membranes leading to better protection of the Mn cluster of oxygen-evolving complex and increased capacity for PSI cyclic electron transport, protecting photochemical activity of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress. This study suggests a role for the Rht-B1c-encoded DELLA proteins in protective mechanisms and tolerance of the photosynthetic apparatus in wheat plants exposed to heavy metals stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ekaterina K Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), D-06466 Stadt Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Svetlana P Landjeva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yotsova EK, Stefanov MA, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Different sensitivities of photosystem II in green algae and cyanobacteria to phenylurea and phenol-type herbicides: effect on electron donor side. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 72:315-324. [PMID: 28258977 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effects of short-term treatment with phenylurea (DCMU, isoproturon) and phenol-type (ioxynil) herbicides on the green alga Chlorella kessleri and the cyanobacterium Synechocystis salina with different organizations of photosystem II (PSII) were investigated using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic oxygen evolution measured by polarographic oxygen electrodes (Clark-type and Joliot-type). The photosynthetic oxygen evolution showed stronger inhibition than the PSII photochemistry. The effects of the studied herbicides on both algal and cyanobacterial cells decreased in the following order: DCMU>isoproturon>ioxynil. Furthermore, we observed that the number of blocked PSII centers increased significantly after DCMU treatment (204–250 times) and slightly after ioxynil treatment (19–35 times) in comparison with the control cells. This study suggests that the herbicides affect not only the acceptor side but also the donor side of PSII by modifications of the Mn cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex. We propose that one of the reasons for the different PSII inhibitions caused by herbicides is their influence, in different extents, on the kinetic parameters of the oxygen-evolving reactions (the initial S0−S1 state distribution, the number of blocked centers SB, the turnover time of Si states, misses and double hits). The relationship between the herbicide-induced inhibition and the changes in the kinetic parameters is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina K Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Martin A Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Tel: +359-2979-2621, Fax: +359-2971-2493
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stefanov M, Yotsova E, Rashkov G, Ivanova K, Markovska Y, Apostolova EL. Effects of salinity on the photosynthetic apparatus of two Paulownia lines. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 101:54-59. [PMID: 26854407 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of soil salinity on the functional activity of photosynthetic apparatus and pigment composition of two Paulownia lines (Paulownia tomentosa x fortunei and Paulownia elongata x elongata) were investigated. PAM chlorophyll fluorescence measurements revealed that salinity leads to: (i) an increase of the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and the linear electron transport rate (ETR) in both lines of Paulownia, while the maximum quantum yield of the primary photochemistry of PSII in the dark adapted state (Fv/Fm) was unaffected; (ii) improved the efficiency of the photochemical energy conversion (ФPSII); (iii) an impact on the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio (RFd), which correlates to the net CO2 assimilation rate; (iv) an impact on [Formula: see text] reoxidation. The analysis of the kinetics of P700(+) reduction upon turning off far-red irradiation revealed that salinization lead to a delay of the cyclic electron transport around PSI in both studied lines as the effect on this process is more pronounced in P. tomentosa x fortunei than in (in comparison with) P. elongata x elongata. The present experimental results suggested high salt tolerance of the studied lines Paulownia, but P. tomentosa x fortunei is more tolerant to salinity than P. elongata x elongata. Molecular mechanisms involved in the Paulownia response to the soil salinity are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Katya Ivanova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yuliana Markovska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Sofia, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ivanov AG, Morgan-Kiss RM, Krol M, Allakhverdiev SI, Zanev Y, Sane PV, Huner NPA. Photoinhibition of photosystem I in a pea mutant with altered LHCII organization. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2015; 152:335-46. [PMID: 26321219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed that photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of leaves of the Costata 2/133 pea mutant with altered pigment composition and decreased level of oligomerization of the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes (LHCII) of PSII (Dobrikova et al., 2000; Ivanov et al., 2005) did not differ from that of WT. In contrast, photosystem I (PSI) activity of the Costata 2/133 mutant measured by the far-red (FR) light inducible P700 (P700(+)) signal exhibited 39% lower steady state level of P700(+), a 2.2-fold higher intersystem electron pool size (e(-)/P700) and higher rate of P700(+) re-reduction, which indicate an increased capacity for PSI cyclic electron transfer (CET) in the Costata 2/133 mutant than WT. The mutant also exhibited a limited capacity for state transitions. The lower level of oxidizable P700 (P700(+)) is consistent with a lower amount of PSI related chlorophyll protein complexes and lower abundance of the PsaA/PsaB heterodimer, PsaD and Lhca1 polypeptides in Costata 2/133 mutant. Exposure of WT and the Costata 2/133 mutant to high light stress resulted in a comparable photoinhibition of PSII measured in vivo, although the decrease of Fv/Fm was modestly higher in the mutant plants. However, under the same photoinhibitory conditions PSI photochemistry (P700(+)) measured as ΔA820-860 was inhibited to a greater extent (50%) in the Costata 2/133 mutant than in the WT (22%). This was accompanied by a 50% faster re-reduction rate of P700(+) in the dark indicating a higher capacity for CET around PSI in high light treated mutant leaves. The role of chloroplast thylakoid organization on the stability of the PSI complex and its susceptibility to high light stress is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Ivanov
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, N., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.
| | - R M Morgan-Kiss
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, 700 E. High Street, Oxford, OH 45045, USA
| | - M Krol
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, N., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - S I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia; Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yu Zanev
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - P V Sane
- Jain Irrigation Systems Limited, Jain Hills, Jalgaon 425001, India
| | - N P A Huner
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, N., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Damage and protection of the photosynthetic apparatus from UV-B radiation. II. Effect of quercetin at different pH. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 184:98-105. [PMID: 26282614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the exogenously added quercetin against the UV-B inhibition of the photosystem II (PSII) functions in isolated pea thylakoid membranes suspended at different pH of the medium (6.5, 7.6 and 8.4) was investigated. The data revealed that the interaction of this flavonoid with the membranes depends on the pH and influences the initial S0-S1 state distribution of PSII in the dark, the energy transfer between pigment-protein complexes of the photosynthetic apparatus and the membrane fluidity. Quercetin also displays a different UV-protective effect depending on its location in the membranes, as the effect is more pronounced at pH 8.4 when it is located at the membrane surface. The results suggest that quercetin induces structural changes in thylakoid membranes, one of the possible reasons for its protection of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Exbrayat S, Bertoni G, Naghavie MR, Peyghambari A, Badri M, Debelle F. Genetic variability and identification of quantitative trait loci affecting plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the model legume Medicago truncatula under control and salt stress conditions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2014; 41:983-1001. [PMID: 32481051 DOI: 10.1071/fp13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major stresses that limits crop production worldwide and affects most physiological activities in plants. In order to study the genetic control of salt stress in the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn., an experiment was undertaken to determine the genetic variability and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling several traits related to plant growth and physiology in a population of recombinant inbred lines. Shoot and root DW, relative water content, leaf area, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and Na+ and K+ in shoots and roots were measured. The experiment was carried out with three replications. ANOVA showed a large genetic variation and transgressive segregation for the traits studied, suggesting putative complex tolerance mechanisms. A total of 21 QTLs were detected under control conditions and 19 QTLs were identified under 100mm salt stress conditions, with three QTLs being common to both situations. The percentage of total phenotypic variance explained by the QTLs ranged from 4.6% to 23.01%. Overlapping QTLs for different traits were also observed, which enables us to discriminate independent traits from linked ones. The results should be helpful information for further functional analysis of salt tolerance in M. truncatula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Exbrayat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (UMR441 and UMR 2594), 18 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Georges Bertoni
- Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Unité Mixte Recherche DYNAFOR (Dynamiques et Écologie des Paysages Agriforestiers), Université de Toulouse, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mohamad Reza Naghavie
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agricultural & Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
| | - Ali Peyghambari
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agricultural & Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
| | - Mounavar Badri
- Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Frédéric Debelle
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (UMR441 and UMR 2594), 18 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dobrikova AG, Vladkova RS, Rashkov GD, Todinova SJ, Krumova SB, Apostolova EL. Effects of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide on the photosynthetic membranes under non-stress conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 80:75-82. [PMID: 24727791 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present work the effects of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on functional and structural characteristics of the thylakoid membranes under non-stress conditions were evaluated 48 h after spraying of pea plants with different concentrations of EBR (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg.L(-1)). The results show that the application of 0.1 mg.L(-1) EBR has the most pronounced effect on the studied characteristics of the photosynthetic membranes. The observed changes in 540 nm light scattering and in the calorimetric transitions suggest alterations in the structural organization of the thylakoid membranes after EBR treatment, which in turn influence the kinetics of oxygen evolution, accelerate the electron transport rate, increase the effective quantum yield of photosystem II and the photochemical quenching. The EBR-induced changes in the photosynthetic membranes are most probably involved in the stress tolerance of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Radka S Vladkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi D Rashkov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Svetla J Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Sashka B Krumova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev, St. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Šimić D, Lepeduš H, Jurković V, Antunović J, Cesar V. Quantitative genetic analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in maize in the field environments. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 56:695-708. [PMID: 24521148 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence ("P" step) throughout two intermediate steps ("J" and "I") (JIP-test) is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP-test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for nine JIP-test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP-test parameters were analyzed in the intermated B73 × Mo17 (IBM) maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP-test parameters, of which five were co-localized when combined over the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthesis under different field scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domagoj Šimić
- Agricultural Institute Osijek, HR-31103, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yordanova R, Maslenkova L, Paunova S, Popova L. Sensitivity of Photosynthetic Apparatus of Pea Plants to Heavy Metal Stress. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2009.10818436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
28
|
Misra AN, Vladkova R, Singh R, Misra M, Dobrikova AG, Apostolova EL. Action and target sites of nitric oxide in chloroplasts. Nitric Oxide 2014; 39:35-45. [PMID: 24731839 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule in plants under physiological and stress conditions. Here we review the influence of NO on chloroplasts which can be directly induced by interaction with the photosynthetic apparatus by influencing photophosphorylation, electron transport activity and oxido-reduction state of the Mn clusters of the oxygen-evolving complex or by changes in gene expression. The influence of NO-induced changes in the photosynthetic apparatus on its functions and sensitivity to stress factors are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarendra N Misra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 435020, India.
| | - Radka Vladkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl.21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ranjeet Singh
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 435020, India
| | - Meena Misra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi 435020, India
| | - Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl.21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Emilia L Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl.21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alterations in Structural Organization Affect the Functional Ability of Photosynthetic Apparatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b16675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
30
|
Baikov AA, Karavaev VA, Popov SY, Kvitka AY, Levykina IP, Solntsev MK, Tikhonov AN. Luminescence characteristics of strawberry leaves at early stages of injury by spider mite. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
31
|
Dobrikova AG, Domonkos I, Sözer Ö, Laczkó-Dobos H, Kis M, Párducz Á, Gombos Z, Apostolova EL. Effect of partial or complete elimination of light-harvesting complexes on the surface electric properties and the functions of cyanobacterial photosynthetic membranes. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2013; 147:248-260. [PMID: 22582961 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Influence of the modification of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting complex [i.e. phycobilisomes (PBS)] on the surface electric properties and the functions of photosynthetic membranes was investigated. We used four PBS mutant strains of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 as follows: PAL (PBS-less), CK (phycocyanin-less), BE (PSII-PBS-less) and PSI-less/apcE(-) (PSI-less with detached PBS). Modifications of the PBS content lead to changes in the cell morphology and surface electric properties of the thylakoid membranes as well as in their functions, such as photosynthetic oxygen-evolving activity, P700 kinetics and energy transfer between the pigment-protein complexes. Data reveal that the complete elimination of PBS in the PAL mutant causes a slight decrease in the electric dipole moments of the thylakoid membranes, whereas significant perturbations of the surface charges were registered in the membranes without assembled PBS-PSII macrocomplex (BE mutant) or PSI complex (PSI-less mutant). These observations correlate with the detected alterations in the membrane structural organization. Using a polarographic oxygen rate electrode, we showed that the ratio of the fast to the slow oxygen-evolving PSII centers depends on the partial or complete elimination of light-harvesting complexes, as the slow operating PSII centers dominate in the PBS-less mutant and in the mutant with detached PBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anelia G Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dankov KG, Dobrikova AG, Ughy B, Bogos B, Gombos Z, Apostolova EL. LHCII organization and thylakoid lipids affect the sensitivity of the photosynthetic apparatus to high-light treatment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2011; 49:629-35. [PMID: 21414793 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic oxygen evolution were used to investigate the role of the different amount and organization of light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHCII) in four pea species on the susceptibility of the photosynthetic apparatus to high-light treatment. In this work we analyzed the thylakoid membrane lipid composition of the studied pea plants. A relationship between the structural organization of LHCII proteins, the amount of the main lipid classes and the sensitivity of the photosynthetic apparatus to high-light treatment was found. The results reveal that the photosynthetic apparatus, enriched in oligomeric forms of LHCII concomitant with decreased amount of anionic lipids and increased content of the monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), is less sensitive to high light. Our data also suggest that the degree of LHCII oligomerization, as well as the lipid composition do not influence the degree of recovery of the PSII photochemistry after excess light exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kolyo G Dankov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vladkova R, Dobrikova AG, Singh R, Misra AN, Apostolova E. Photoelectron transport ability of chloroplast thylakoid membranes treated with NO donor SNP: changes in flash oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence. Nitric Oxide 2011; 24:84-90. [PMID: 21167290 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is frequently used in plant science in vivo. The present in vitro study reveals its effects on the photosynthetic oxygen evolution and the chlorophyll fluorescence directly on isolated pea thylakoid membranes. It was found that even at very low amounts of SNP (chlorophyll/SNP molar ratio∼67:1), the SNP-donated NO stimulates with more than 50% the overall photosystem II electron transport rate and diminishes the evolution of molecular oxygen. It was also found that the target site for SNP-donated NO is the donor side of photosystem II. Compared with other NO-donors used in plant science, SNP seems to be the only one exhibiting stimulation of electron transport through photosystem II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radka Vladkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schaller S, Latowski D, Jemioła-Rzemińska M, Dawood A, Wilhelm C, Strzałka K, Goss R. Regulation of LHCII aggregation by different thylakoid membrane lipids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:326-35. [PMID: 21215252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study the influence of the lipid environment on the organization of the main light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) was investigated by 77K fluorescence spectroscopy. Measurements were carried out with a lipid-depleted and highly aggregated LHCII which was supplemented with the different thylakoid membrane lipids. The results show that the thylakoid lipids are able to modulate the spectroscopic properties of the LHCII aggregates and that the extent of the lipid effect depends on both the lipid species and the lipid concentration. Addition of the neutral galactolipids monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) seems to induce a modification of the disorganized structures of the lipid-depleted LHCII and to support the aggregated state of the complex. In contrast, we found that the anionic lipids sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) exert a strong disaggregating effect on the isolated LHCII. LHCII disaggregation was partly suppressed under a high proton concentration and in the presence of cations. The strongest suppression was visible at the lowest pH value (pH 5) and the highest Mg(2+) concentration (40 mM) used in the present study. This suggests that the negative charge of the anionic lipids in conjunction with negatively charged domains of the LHCII proteins is responsible for the disaggregation. Additional measurements by photon correlation spectroscopy and sucrose gradient centrifugation, which were used to gain information about the size and molecular mass of the LHCII aggregates, confirmed the results of the fluorescence spectroscopy. LHCII treated with MGDG and DGDG formed an increased number of aggregates with large particle sizes in the micromm-range, whereas the incubation with anionic lipids led to much smaller LHCII particles (around 40 nm in the case of PG) with a homogeneous distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schaller
- Institute of Biology I, Plant Physiology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mehta P, Jajoo A, Mathur S, Bharti S. Chlorophyll a fluorescence study revealing effects of high salt stress on Photosystem II in wheat leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2010; 48:16-20. [PMID: 19932973 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the effects of high salt stress on PS II in detached wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves, the seedlings were grown in Knop solution and temperature was 20 +/- 2 degrees C. Detached leaves were exposed to high salt stress (0.1-0.5 M NaCl) for 1 h in dark and Chl a fluorescence induction kinetics was measured. Various parameters like Fv/Fm, ABS/RC, ETo/TRo, performance index and area over the florescence curve were measured and the energy pipeline model was deduced in response to salt stress. Our results show that the damage caused due to high salt stress is more prominent at the donor side rather than the acceptor side of PS II. Moreover the effects of high salt stress are largely reversible, as the acceptor side damage is completely recovered (approximately 100%) while the recovery of the donor side is less than 85%. Based on our results we suggest that in response to high salt stress, the donor side of PS II is affected more as compared to the acceptor side of PS II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Mehta
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore 452017, M.P., India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Velikova V, Tsonev T, Barta C, Centritto M, Koleva D, Stefanova M, Busheva M, Loreto F. BVOC emissions, photosynthetic characteristics and changes in chloroplast ultrastructure of Platanus orientalis L. exposed to elevated CO2 and high temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:2629-2637. [PMID: 19477569 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the interactive effects of increasing [CO(2)] and heat wave occurrence on isoprene (IE) and methanol (ME) emissions, Platanus orientalis was grown for one month in ambient (380 micromol mol(-1)) or elevated (800 micromol mol(-1)) [CO(2)] and exposed to high temperature (HT) (38 degrees C/4 h). In pre-existing leaves, IE emissions were always higher but ME emissions lower as compared to newly-emerged leaves. They were both stimulated by HT. Elevated [CO(2)] significantly reduced IE in both leaf types, whereas it increased ME in newly-emerged leaves only. In newly-emerged leaves, elevated [CO(2)] decreased photosynthesis and altered the chloroplast ultrastructure and membrane integrity. These harmful effects were amplified by HT. HT did not cause any unfavorable effects in pre-existing leaves, which were characterized by inherently higher IE rates. We conclude that: (1) these results further prove the isoprene's putative thermo-protective role of membranes; (2) HT may likely outweigh the inhibitory effects of elevated [CO(2)] on IE in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Velikova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology, Acad. G. Bonchev, Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dankov K, Busheva M, Stefanov D, Apostolova EL. Relationship between the degree of carotenoid depletion and function of the photosynthetic apparatus. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2009; 96:49-56. [PMID: 19419884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluridone, an inhibitor of the carotenoid biosynthesis, was used to study the relationship between the degree of carotenoid depletion and the function of the photosynthetic apparatus. The data reveal that, at a small reduction of the carotenoid content (25% decrease of the total carotenoids), the PSII and PSI (oxidation of P700 by far-red light) photochemistry is not influenced, while the oxygen evolution is strongly inhibited. Further reduction of the total carotenoid content (more than 40%) leads to decrease of the chlorophyll content and inhibition of the functions of both photosystems as the effect on the photosynthetic oxygen evolution and primary photochemistry is stronger than the effect on P700 oxidation. The analysis of the oxygen production under continuous illumination and flash oxygen yields suggests that the inhibition of the oxygen evolution is caused mainly by the damage of PSIIalpha centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kolyo Dankov
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mehta P, Jajoo A, Mathur S, Allakhverdiev SI, Bharti S. High salt stress in coupled and uncoupled thylakoid membranes: A comparative study. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2009; 74:620-4. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909060054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
39
|
Apostolova EL, Domonkos I, Dobrikova AG, Sallai A, Bogos B, Wada H, Gombos Z, Taneva SG. Effect of phosphatidylglycerol depletion on the surface electric properties and the fluorescence emission of thylakoid membranes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2008; 91:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
40
|
Ivanova PI, Dobrikova AG, Taneva SG, Apostolova EL. Sensitivity of the photosynthetic apparatus to UV-A radiation: role of light-harvesting complex II-photosystem II supercomplex organization. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2008; 47:169-77. [PMID: 17965871 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-007-0139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work we study the effect of UV-A radiation on the function of the photosynthetic apparatus in thylakoid membranes with different organization of the light-harvesting complex II-photosystem II (LHCII-PSII) supercomplex. Leaves and isolated thylakoid membranes from a number of previously characterized pea species with different LHCII size and organization were subjected to UV-A treatment. A relationship was found between the molecular organization of the LHCII (ratio of the oligomeric to monomeric forms of LHCII) and UV-A-induced changes both in the energy transfer from PSII to PSI and between the chlorophyll-protein complexes within the LHCII-PSII supercomplex. Dependence on the organization of the LHCII was also found with regard to the degree of inhibition of the photosynthetic oxygen evolution. The susceptibility of energy transfer and oxygen evolution to UV-A radiation decreased with increasing LHCII oligomerization when the UV-A treatment was performed on isolated thylakoid membranes, in contrast to the effect observed in thylakoid membranes isolated from pre-irradiated pea leaves. The data suggest that UV-A radiation leads mainly to damage of the PSIIalpha centers. Comparison of membranes with different organization of their LHCII-PSII supercomplex shows that the oligomeric forms of LHCII play a key role for sensitivity to UV-A radiation of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina I Ivanova
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G.Bonchev Str., Bl.21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|