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Ferula communis L. (Apiaceae) Root Acetone-Water Extract: Phytochemical Analysis, Cytotoxicity and In Vitro Evaluation of Estrogenic Properties. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151905. [PMID: 35893609 PMCID: PMC9329896 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ferula communis L. (F. communis) belongs to the Apiaceae family and is a herbaceous plant with various pharmaceutical properties, due to the different contents of bioactive compounds extracted mainly from its roots, as well as its leaves and rhizome. To date, this plant extract has demonstrated estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and anti-neoplastic properties. Its estrogenic activity is justified by the presence of ferutinin, an ester of a sesquiterpenic alcohol that acts as an agonist for estrogen receptors, with a chemical formula equal to C22H3O4. The component present in F. communis responsible for the toxicity of the plant is ferulenol, a prenylated coumarin with the chemical formula C24H30O3. This compound is capable of inducing mortality via its strong anti-coagulant properties, leading to a lethal hemorrhagic syndrome, ferulosis, in animals that feed on a chemotype of F. communis containing a high amount of ferulenol. The removal of the component ferulenol makes extracts of Ferula non-toxic. In fact, the remaining prenylated coumarins are not present in concentrations sufficient to induce toxicity. The intake of high concentrations of the extract of this plant leads a double dose-dependent effect that is typical of sesquiterpenes such as ferutinin. Here, we assessed the cytotoxicity and the estrogenic properties of the F. communis phytocomplex obtained through extraction using a mixture of acetone and water. Among the active constituents of F. communis, the identification of ferutinin and ferulenol was performed using HPLC. The effects of the extract were evaluated, following the removal of ferulenol, on three cell lines: human breast cancer MCF-7, human cervical cancer HeLa and human osteoblastic sarcoma Saos-2. The choice of these cell lines was justified by the need to mimic certain processes which may occur in vivo and which are estrogen-dependent. The obtained results demonstrated that F. communis extract, in addition to possessing an estrogenic-like property, showed a dose-dependent effect. Low concentrations (0.1–0.8 μM) demonstrated a hyperproliferative effect, whereas higher concentrations (1.6–50 μM) were toxic. Therefore, this extract could be an excellent candidate to make up for a reduction or lack of estrogen.
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Zare Mirakabad H, Khorramizadeh MR. Introduction to the potential of Ferula ovina in dental implant research due to estrogenic bioactive compounds and adhesive properties. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262045. [PMID: 35041680 PMCID: PMC8765653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in dental implant have heightened the urgent need to natural tissue adhesives estrogenic materials with ability of promoting the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp-derived stem cells, to provide better integration of tissue for dentistry. Up to now, far little attention has been paid to adhesives extract of the root of Ferula sp. which contains biomaterial compounds with estrogenic activities. Prior to undertaking the investigation, analysis of the extract of the root of F. ovina revealed a novel terpenoid, and we identified it as Fenoferin. So far, this paper has focused on Fenoferin compared to Ferutinin and root extract to determine if Fenoferin caused changes in craniofacial cartilage, bone (ceratohyal) and tooth mineralization. Following the purpose of study, we used zebrafish as a well-developed model system for studying bone development, so the developing zebrafish larvae were exposed to various concentration of compounds at 2dpf, and the histological analyses were performed at 6dpf. The result of the current study highlights the importance of F. ovina in studies related to dental regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zare Mirakabad
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- * E-mail: , (HZM); (MRK)
| | - M. Reza Khorramizadeh
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Zebrafish Core Facility, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI), TUMS, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: , (HZM); (MRK)
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3
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Calabrese EJ, Agathokleous E, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Calabrese V. Human dental pulp stem cells and hormesis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101540. [PMID: 34890824 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper represents the first assessment of hormetic dose responses by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) with particular emphasis on cell renewal (proliferation) and differentiation. Hormetic dose responses were commonly reported in this model, encompassing a broad range of chemicals, including principally pharmaceuticals (e.g., metformin and artemisinin), dietary supplements/extracts from medicinal plants (e.g., berberine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and ginsenoside Rg1) and endogenous agents (e.g., ATP, TNF-α). The paper assesses mechanistic foundations of the hDPSCs hormetic dose responses for both cell proliferation and cell differentiation, study design considerations, and therapeutic implications.
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Mahmoudi Z, Saidi A, Iranshahi M, Dadgar N, Azizsoltani A, Behzad S, Mahmoudi L, Soleimani M, Parsa Khankandi H. In vitro evaluation of ferutinin on proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation in human unrestricted Somatic stem cells. Steroids 2021; 172:108862. [PMID: 34010709 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease in post-menopausal women. The increased risk of breast cancer and malignancy with hormone replacement, hampers its wide-usage. Phytoestrogens are known to have selective estrogen receptor modulator activity. The present study aims to determine how ferutinin affects unrestricted human Somatic Stem Cells (USSCs) osteogenic differentiation. The effect of ferutinin on USSCs proliferation was assessed by MTT assay while osteogenesis was evaluated using Alkaline Phosphatase Activity (ALP), calcium deposition and Alizarin Red Staining. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to examine the expression of bone specific genes such as osteocalcin, Runx2, and BMP-2. Ferutinin (5-15 µg/mL) could positively impact on the proliferation of cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, ALP enzyme activity and calcium deposition were enhanced in the presence of ferutinin. Based on real-time PCR results, ferutinin could increase the expression of bone marker genes. The pattern of ferutinin effect on gene expression is similar to standard synthetic estrogen, 17-β-estradiol. In the presence of the estrogen activity inhibitor (ICI), the effect of ferutinin on ALP and gene level was diminished. In conclusion, ferutinin may be considered as a potential candidate for the stem cell therapy in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mahmoudi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Saidi
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Dadgar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Azizsoltani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Behzad
- Evidence-based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ladan Mahmoudi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Parsa Khankandi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Facultyl of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Khodabandeh Z, Haghighat S, Tanideh N, Zare S, Farrokhi F, Karandish M, Iraji A. Comparing the effects of Elaegnus Angustifolia, Hypericum Perforatum and Psidium Guajava extracts on metabolic activity of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:143-155. [PMID: 33843009 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp derived-mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) is considered a suitable are candidate for tissue engineering techniques and osseous reconstruction. Based on the hypothesis that Hypericum perforatum, Elaeagnus Angustifolia and Psidium guajava extracts can be used in cell-based bone tissue engineering due to meagre cytotoxicity response in the cell culture medium, their effects on the viability and metabolic activity of DP-MSCs were investigated and compared with each extract. DP-MSCs were extracted from human dental pulp, characterized by flow cytometry, and differentiated into Osteogenic and adipogenic lineages which were then cultured in different concentrations of E. Angustifolia, H. perforatum and P. guajava extracts at different time intervals followed by MTT assay evaluation. The dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated for their plastic adherence ability, fibroblast-like and spindle morphology. According to flow cytometry data, isolated cells from DP-MSCs expressed MSCs markers. A comparison of herbal extracts' concentrations revealed that 500 μg/ml was toxic to dental pulp stem cells, a guide to the toxic dose for DP-MSCs. The P.guajava bore low toxicity and increased dental pulp stem cell viability in comparison to the other two herbal extracts. The hydro-alcoholic extracts of E. Angustifolia, H. perforatum, and P. guajava were efficient in DP-MSCs viability, and therefore were concluded to be useful in maintaining structural and functional cell viability. It was also concluded that the co-culture of stem cells with herbal elements could stimulate endogenous factors to enhance the proliferation and viability of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khodabandeh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Haghighat
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmacology Department, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Farrokhi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Karandish
- Orthodontic Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrdasht St, Shiraz, Iran
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Costa A, Ceresa D, De Palma A, Rossi R, Turturo S, Santamaria S, Balbi C, Villa F, Reverberi D, Cortese K, De Biasio P, Paladini D, Coviello D, Ravera S, Malatesta P, Mauri P, Quarto R, Bollini S. Comprehensive Profiling of Secretome Formulations from Fetal- and Perinatal Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073713. [PMID: 33918297 PMCID: PMC8038201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that c-KIT+ human amniotic-fluid derived stem cells obtained from leftover samples of routine II trimester prenatal diagnosis (fetal hAFS) are endowed with regenerative paracrine potential driving pro-survival, anti-fibrotic and proliferative effects. hAFS may also be isolated from III trimester clinical waste samples during scheduled C-sections (perinatal hAFS), thus offering a more easily accessible alternative when compared to fetal hAFS. Nonetheless, little is known about the paracrine profile of perinatal hAFS. Here we provide a detailed characterization of the hAFS total secretome (i.e., the entirety of soluble paracrine factors released by cells in the conditioned medium, hAFS-CM) and the extracellular vesicles (hAFS-EVs) within it, from II trimester fetal- versus III trimester perinatal cells. Fetal- and perinatal hAFS were characterized and subject to hypoxic preconditioning to enhance their paracrine potential. hAFS-CM and hAFS-EV formulations were analyzed for protein and chemokine/cytokine content, and the EV cargo was further investigated by RNA sequencing. The phenotype of fetal- and perinatal hAFS, along with their corresponding secretome formulations, overlapped; yet, fetal hAFS showed immature oxidative phosphorylation activity when compared to perinatal ones. The profiling of their paracrine cargo revealed some differences according to gestational stage and hypoxic preconditioning. Both cell sources provided formulations enriched with neurotrophic, immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic and endothelial stimulating factors, and the immature fetal hAFS secretome was defined by a more pronounced pro-vasculogenic, regenerative, pro-resolving and anti-aging profile. Small RNA profiling showed microRNA enrichment in both fetal- and perinatal hAFS-EV cargo, with a stably- expressed pro-resolving core as a reference molecular signature. Here we confirm that hAFS represents an appealing source of regenerative paracrine factors; the selection of either fetal or perinatal hAFS secretome formulations for future paracrine therapy should be evaluated considering the specific clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Costa
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Davide Ceresa
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Rossana Rossi
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara Turturo
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara Santamaria
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, 8952 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federico Villa
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Katia Cortese
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pierangela De Biasio
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Perinatal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Dario Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.S.); (K.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.D.P.); (R.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (R.Q.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-5558-257 (S.B.)
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (S.T.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.Q.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-5558-257 (S.B.)
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Safi R, El-Sabban M, Najjar F. Ferula hermonis: A Review of Current Use and Pharmacological Studies of its Sesquiterpene Ester Ferutinin. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:499-508. [PMID: 31663476 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191029155053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ferula hermonis Boiss, is an endemic plant of Lebanon, locally known as "shilsh Elzallouh". It has been extensively used in the traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac and for the treatment of sexual impotence. Crude extracts and isolated compounds of ferula hermonis contain phytoestrogenic substances having a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties including anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-fungal, anti-cancer and as sexual activity enhancer. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight the traditional and novel applications of this plant's extracts and its major sesquiterpene ester, ferutinin. The phytochemical constituents and the pharmacological uses of ferula hermonis crude extract and ferutinin specifically will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Safi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El-Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadia Najjar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Casciaro F, Zia S, Forcato M, Zavatti M, Beretti F, Bertucci E, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Alviano F, Bonsi L, Follo MY, Demaria M, Roda B, Maraldi T. Unravelling Heterogeneity of Amplified Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Sub-Populations. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010158. [PMID: 33467440 PMCID: PMC7830644 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are broadly multipotent immature progenitor cells with high self-renewal and no tumorigenic properties. These cells, even amplified, present very variable morphology, density, intracellular composition and stemness potential, and this heterogeneity can hinder their characterization and potential use in regenerative medicine. Celector® (Stem Sel ltd.) is a new technology that exploits the Non-Equilibrium Earth Gravity Assisted Field Flow Fractionation principles to characterize and label-free sort stem cells based on their solely physical characteristics without any manipulation. Viable cells are collected and used for further studies or direct applications. In order to understand the intrapopulation heterogeneity, various fractions of hAFSCs were isolated using the Celector® profile and live imaging feature. The gene expression profile of each fraction was analysed using whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified significant differential expression in pathways related to Stemness, DNA repair, E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, hypoxia, EM transition, mTORC1 signalling, Unfold Protein Response and p53 signalling. These differences were validated by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and differentiation assays. Interestingly, the different fractions showed distinct and unique stemness properties. These results suggest the existence of deep intra-population differences that can influence the stemness profile of hAFSCs. This study represents a proof-of-concept of the importance of selecting certain cellular fractions with the highest potential to use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Emma Bertucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Matilde Yung Follo
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-9450
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
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Sharifi S, Moghaddam FA, Abedi A, Maleki Dizaj S, Ahmadian S, Abdolahinia ED, Khatibi SMH, Samiei M. Phytochemicals impact on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biofactors 2020; 46:874-893. [PMID: 33037744 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have always been utilized for the prevention and treatment of the spread of different diseases all around the world. To name some traditional medicine that has been used over centuries, we can refer to phytochemicals such as naringin, icariin, genistein, and resveratrol gained from plants. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of stem cells can be the result of specific bioactive compounds from plants. One of the most appealing choices for therapy can be mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because it has a great capability of self-renewal and differentiation into three descendants, namely, endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Stem cell gives us the glad tidings of great advances in tissue regeneration and transplantation field for treatment of diseases. Using plant bioactive phytochemicals also holds tremendous promises in treating diseases such as osteoporosis. The purpose of the present review article thus is to investigate what are the roles and consequences of phytochemicals on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Abedi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro Therapeutic Effect of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Extracellular Vesicles. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2785343. [PMID: 33193997 PMCID: PMC7641262 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2785343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by abnormal protein aggregation, deposition of extracellular β-amyloid proteins (Aβ), besides an increase of oxidative stress. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) should have a therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders, mainly through a paracrine effect mediated by extracellular vesicles (EV). Here, we examined the effect of EV derived from human AFSCs (AFSC-EV) on the disease phenotypes in an AD neuron primary culture. We observed a positive effect of AFSC-EV on neuron morphology, viability, and Aβ and phospho-Tau levels. This could be due to the apoptotic and autophagic pathway modulation derived from the decrease in oxidative stress. Indeed, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reduced, while GSH levels were enhanced. This modulation could be ascribed to the presence of ROS regulating enzymes, such as SOD1 present into the AFSC-EV themselves. This study describes the ROS-modulating effects of extracellular vesicles alone, apart from their deriving stem cell, in an AD in vitro model, proposing AFSC-EV as a therapeutic tool to stop the progression of AD.
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Casciaro F, Borghesan M, Beretti F, Zavatti M, Bertucci E, Follo MY, Maraldi T, Demaria M. Prolonged hypoxia delays aging and preserves functionality of human amniotic fluid stem cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 191:111328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Gohi BFCA, Liu XY, Zeng HY, Xu S, Ake KMH, Cao XJ, Zou KM, Namulondo S. Enhanced efficiency in isolation and expansion of hAMSCs via dual enzyme digestion and micro-carrier. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:2. [PMID: 31921407 PMCID: PMC6945441 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A two-stage method of obtaining viable human amniotic stem cells (hAMSCs) in large-scale is described. First, human amniotic stem cells are isolated via dual enzyme (collagenase II and DNAase I) digestion. Next, relying on a culture of the cells from porous chitosan-based microspheres in vitro, high purity hAMSCs are obtained in large-scale. Dual enzymatic (collagenase II and DNase I) digestion provides a primary cell culture and first subculture with a lower contamination rate, higher purity and a larger number of isolated cells. The obtained hAMSCs were seeded onto chitosan microspheres (CM), gelatin-chitosan microspheres (GCM) and collagen-chitosan microspheres (CCM) to produce large numbers of hAMSCs for clinical trials. Growth activity measurement and differentiation essays of hAMSCs were realized. Within 2 weeks of culturing, GCMs achieved over 1.28 ± 0.06 × 107 hAMSCs whereas CCMs and CMs achieved 7.86 ± 0.11 × 106 and 1.98 ± 0.86 × 106 respectively within this time. In conclusion, hAMSCs showed excellent attachment and viability on GCM-chitosan microspheres, matching the hAMSCs' normal culture medium. Therefore, dual enzyme (collagenase II and DNAase I) digestion may be a more useful isolation process and culture of hAMSCs on porous GCM in vitro as an ideal environment for the large-scale expansion of highly functional hAMSCs for eventual use in stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Foua Claude Alain Gohi
- Biology and Chemical Engineering School, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
- Biotechnology Institute, College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Liu
- Economical Forest Cultivation and Utilization of 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center in Hunan Province, Hunan Key Laboratory of Green, Zhuzhou, China
- Packaging and Application of Biological Nanotechnology, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 Hunan China
| | - Hong-Yan Zeng
- Biotechnology Institute, College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Biotechnology Institute, College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Kouassi Marius Honore Ake
- Faculty of Business Administration, Laval University, Pavillon Palasis-Prince, 2325 Rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, Canada
| | - Xiao-Ju Cao
- Biotechnology Institute, College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai-Min Zou
- Biotechnology Institute, College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheila Namulondo
- Institute of Comparative Literature and World Literature, College of Literature and Journalism, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 Hunan People’s Republic of China
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13
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Zare Mirakabad H, Farsi M, Malekzadeh Shafaroudi S, Bagheri A, Iranshahi M, Moshtaghi N. Comparison the Effect of Ferutinin and 17β-Estradiol on Bone Mineralization of Developing Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Larvae. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061507. [PMID: 30917511 PMCID: PMC6470982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop novel drugs for osteoporosis which occurs due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogens derived from medicinal plants would be the best alternative to chemical drugs with harmful side effects. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ferutinin compared to 17β-estradiol (E2) on bone mineralization of zebrafish larvae. Regarding the lack of publications, the histology analysis was performed after exposure to E2 to find effective treatment on bone mineralization of developing zebrafish larvae. Then, the larvae were exposed to four concentrations of ferutinin at three time points to assess the mortality, the expression of some related genes and histology of the ceratohyal and hyomandibular of treated larvae. The RT-PCR result of the treatment groups demonstrated the similar expression pattern in the larvae which were exposed to 1.25 μg/mL of ferutinin and 2 µM of E2 at 2 dpf, which confirmed the result of histology analysis. In addition, RT-qPCR of high concentration of ferutinin and E2 demonstrated that bmp2a/b and esr1 were downregulated and upregulated when the larvae were exposed to 5 μg/mL of ferutinin and 10 µM of E2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zare Mirakabad
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Farsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | | | - Abdolreza Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91886-17871, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Moshtaghi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1163, Iran.
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Combination of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Sulforaphane Counteracts In Vitro Oxidative Stress and Delays Stemness Loss of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5263985. [PMID: 30647811 PMCID: PMC6311758 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5263985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) are characterized in vivo by a unique niche guarantying their homeostatic role in the body. Maintaining the functionality of stem cells ex vivo for clinical applications requires a continuous improvement of cell culture conditions. Cellular redox status plays an important role in stem cell biology as long as reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration is finely regulated and their adverse effects are excluded. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of two antioxidants, sulforaphane (SF) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), against in vitro oxidative stress due to hyperoxia and freeze-thawing cycles in AFSCs. Human AFSCs were isolated and characterized from healthy subjects. Assays of metabolic function and antioxidant activity were performed to investigate the effect of SF and EGCG cotreatment on AFSCs. Real-time PCR was used to investigate the effect of the cotreatment on pluripotency, senescence, osteogenic and adipogenic markers, and antioxidant enzymes. Alkaline phosphatase assays and Alizarin Red staining were used to confirm osteogenic differentiation. The cotreatment with SF and EGCG was effective in reducing ROS production, increasing GSH levels, and enhancing the endogenous antioxidant defences through the upregulation of glutathione reductase, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1, and thioredoxin reductase. Intriguingly, the cotreatment sustained the stemness state by upregulating pluripotency markers such as OCT4 and NANOG. Moreover, the cotreatment influenced senescence-associated gene markers in respect to untreated cells. The cotreatment upregulated osteogenic gene markers and promoted osteogenic differentiation in vitro. SF and EGCG can be used in combination in AFSC culture as a strategy to preserve stem cell functionality.
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15
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Xue W, Yu J, Chen W. Plants and Their Bioactive Constituents in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Periodontal Regeneration: A Novel Prospective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7571363. [PMID: 30175141 PMCID: PMC6098897 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7571363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease, which causes the destruction of both the soft and mineralized tissues. However, current treatments such as bone graft materials, barrier membranes, and protein products all have difficulties in regenerating the complete periodontal tissue structure. Stem cell-based tissue engineering has now emerged as one of the most effective treatments for the patients suffering from periodontal diseases. Plants not only can be substrates for life processes, but also contain hormones or functional molecules. Numbers of preclinical studies have revealed that products from plant can be successfully applied in modulating proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Plant-derived substances can induce stem cells osteogenic differentiation, and they also possess angiogenic potency. Furthermore, in the field of tissue engineering, plant-derived compounds or plant extracts can be incorporated with biomaterials or utilized as biomaterials for cell transplantation. So it is speculated that botanical products may become a new perspective in stem cell-based periodontal regeneration. However, the lack of achieving predict clinical efficacy and quality control has been the major impediment to its extensive application. This review gives an overview of the prospect of applying different plant-derived substances in various human mesenchymal stem cells-based periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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16
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Safi R, Hamade A, Bteich N, El Saghir J, Assaf MD, El-Sabban M, Najjar F. A ferutinin analogue with enhanced potency and selectivity against ER-positive breast cancer cells in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:267-273. [PMID: 29860218 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is considered a risk factor for breast cancer since it promotes breast-cell proliferation. The jaesckeanadiol-3-p-hydroxyphenylpropanoate, a hemi-synthetic analogue of the natural phytoestrogen ferutinin (jaesckeanadiol-p-hydroxybenzoate), is designed to be devoid of estrogenic activity. This analogue induces a cytotoxic effect 30 times higher than that of ferutinin towards MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. We compared these two compounds with respect to their effect on proliferation, cell cycle distribution and cancer stem-like cells in the MCF-7 cell line. Treatment with ferutinin (30 μM) and its analogue (1 μM) produced significant accumulation of cells at the pre G0/G1 cell cycle phase and triggered apoptosis. Importantly, this compound retains its anti-proliferative activity against breast cancer stem/progenitor cells that are naturally insensitive to ferutinin at the same dose. These results position ferutinin analogue as an effective compound inhibiting the proliferation of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells and consistently targeting their stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Safi
- Departments of Chemistry-Biochemistry and Biology, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Lebanon; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aline Hamade
- Departments of Chemistry-Biochemistry and Biology, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Najat Bteich
- Departments of Chemistry-Biochemistry and Biology, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Jamal El Saghir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mona Diab Assaf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El-Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Fadia Najjar
- Departments of Chemistry-Biochemistry and Biology, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Lebanon.
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17
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Involvement of bone morphogenetic protein-related pathways in the effect of aucubin on the promotion of osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 283:51-58. [PMID: 29408431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aucubin, an iridoid glycoside found in several plants, such as Eucommia ulmoide and Rehmannia, has various pharmacological effects. Bone formation is a complex process in which osteoblast differentiation plays an important role. This study aimed to investigate the promotion effects of aucubin on osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells, a human osteoblast-like cell line. Aucubin not only improved osteoblast differentiation, as shown by enhanced ALP (alkaline phosphatase) concentration and mineralization in cells, but increased the expression of various cytokines, including collagen I, osteocalcin, osteopontin, integrin β1, and Osterix. Aucubin strongly enhanced the levels of BMP2 (bone morphogenetic proteins-2) in MG63 cells, which play a central role during osteoblast differentiation. Further data show that aucubin exposure after 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days enhanced the expression of Smad1, 5, and 8, and the phosphoresced levels of MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) family Erk (extracellular signal-regulated kinases), JNK (c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinases), P38, and Akt (serine/threonine protein kinase)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)/p70s6k in MG63 cells. This study shows the improved effects of aucubin on osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells, related to the signaling of BMP2-mediated Smads (drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic proteins), MAPKs, and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K. This study indicates the potential of aucubin for osteoporosis treatment.
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18
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Liu N, Zhou M, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Tian T, Ma Q, Xue C, Lin S, Cai X. Stiffness regulates the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells via the WNT signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12435. [PMID: 29341308 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Researches showed that stiffness of the extracellular matrix can affect the differentiation of many stem cells. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a promising type of adult stem cell. However, we know little about whether and how the behaviour of DPSCs is influenced by stiffness. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a study that cultured DPSCs on tunable elasticity polydimethylsiloxane substrates to investigate the influence on morphology, proliferation, osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and its possible mechanism. RESULTS Soft substrates changed the cell morphology and inhibited the proliferation of DPSCs. Expression of markers related to osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation was significantly increased as the substrate stiffness increased, including ALP (alkaline phosphatase), OCN (osteocalcin), OPN (osteopontin), RUNX-2 (runt-related transcription factor-2), BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2), DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein) and DMP-1 (dentin matrix protein-1). Mechanical properties promote the function of DPSCs related to the Wnt signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that mechanical factors can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs via the WNT signalling pathway. This provides theoretical basis to optimize dental or bone tissue regeneration through increasing stiffness of extracelluar matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zavatti M, Beretti F, Casciaro F, Comitini G, Franchi F, Barbieri V, Bertoni L, De Pol A, La Sala GB, Maraldi T. Development of a novel method for amniotic fluid stem cell storage. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1002-1012. [PMID: 28571656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Current procedures for collection of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) indicate that cells cultured in a flask for 2 weeks can then be used for research. However, hAFSCs can be retrieved directly from a small amount of amniotic fluid that can be obtained at the time of diagnostic amniocentesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether direct freezing of amniotic fluid cells is able to maintain or improve the potential of a sub-population of stem cells. METHODS We compared the potential of the hAFSCs regarding timing of freezing, cells obtained directly from amniotic fluid aspiration (D samples) and cells cultured in a flask before freezing (C samples). Colony-forming-unit ability, proliferation, morphology, stemness-related marker expression, senescence, apoptosis and differentiation potential of C and D samples were compared. RESULTS hAFSCs isolated from D samples expressed mesenchymal stem cells markers until later passages, had a good proliferation rate and exhibited differentiation capacity similar to hAFSCs of C samples. Interestingly, direct freezing induced a higher concentration of cells positive for pluripotency stem cell markers, without teratoma formation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that minimal processing may be adequate for the banking of amniotic fluid cells, avoiding in vitro passages before the storage and exposure to high oxygen concentration, which affect stem cell properties. This technique might be a cost-effective and reasonable approach to the process of Good Manufacturing Process accreditation for stem-cell banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comitini
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Franchi
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Barbieri
- Genetic Laboratory, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni B La Sala
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-ASMN of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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20
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Maraldi T, Guida M, Beretti F, Resca E, Carpino G, Cardinale V, Gentile R, Ardizzoni A, Murgia A, Alvaro D, Gaudio E, De Pol A. Human biliary tree stem/progenitor cells immunomodulation: Role of hepatocyte growth factor. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:465-479. [PMID: 27381820 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Human biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (hBTSC) are multipotent epithelial stem cells with the potential for allogenic transplant in liver, biliary tree, and pancreatic diseases. Human mesenchymal stem cells, but also epithelial stem cells, are able to modulate immune responses with different types of secretion molecules. METHODS The initial aim of the present study was to develop for the first time a culture protocol in order to expand hBTSC in vitro through passages, allowing to maintain a similar stem cell and secretome profile. Furthermore, we investigated the secretome profile of the hBTSC to assess the production of molecules capable of affecting immune feedback. RESULTS We found that hepatocyte growth factor produced by hBTSC exerts its cytoprotective role inducing apoptosis in human immune cells, such as lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS The present study, therefore, supports the hypothesis that hBTSC can be useful for the purpose of regenerative medicine, as they can be banked and expanded, and they can secrete immunoregulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,EURAC Research, Center for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Resca
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Gentile
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Diagnostics, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alba Murgia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Determined by Epigenetic Changes. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6465307. [PMID: 27818691 PMCID: PMC5080506 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6465307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) has been widely studied in vitro and in vivo as a potential tool for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. While most of the studies analyze changes in transcriptional profile during differentiation to date there is not much information regarding epigenetic changes in AF-MSCs during differentiation. The aim of our study was to evaluate epigenetic changes during osteogenic differentiation of AF-MS cells. Isolated AF-MSCs were characterized morphologically and osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by cell staining and determining expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin by RT-qPCR. Variation in gene expression levels of pluripotency markers and specific microRNAs were also evaluated. Analysis of epigenetic changes revealed that levels of chromatin modifying enzymes such as Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) proteins (EZH2 and SUZ12), DNMT1, HDAC1, and HDAC2 were reduced after osteogenic differentiation of AF-MSCs. We demonstrated that the level of specific histone markers keeping active state of chromatin (H3K4me3, H3K9Ac, and others) increased and markers of repressed state of chromatin (H3K27me3) decreased. Our results show that osteogenic differentiation of AF-MSCs is conducted by various epigenetic alterations resulting in global chromatin remodeling and provide insights for further epigenetic investigations in human AF-MSCs.
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22
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Zavatti M, Guida M, Maraldi T, Beretti F, Bertoni L, La Sala GB, De Pol A. Estrogen receptor signaling in the ferutinin-induced osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid stem cells. Life Sci 2016; 164:15-22. [PMID: 27629493 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ferutinin is a diaucane sesquiterpene with a high estrogenic activity. Since ferutinin is able to enhance osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the estrogen receptors α (ERα) and G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in ferutinin-mediated osteoblastic differentiation. Moreover, it was investigated if MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in ferutinin-induced effects. MAIN METHODS hAFSCs were cultured in a standard medium or in an osteoblastic medium for 14 or 21days and ferutinin was added at 10-8M. Immunofluorescence techniques and Western-blot 21analysis were used to study estrogen receptors and signaling pathways. KEY FINDINGS In both undifferentiated and differentiated hAFSCs we identified ERα and GPR30 with a nuclear or cytoplasmatic localization, respectively. The presence of ferutinin in the osteoblastic medium leads to an increase in ERα expression. To dissect the role of estrogen receptors, MPP and G15 were used to selectively block ERα and GPR30, respectively. Notably, ferutinin enhanced osteoblastic differentiation in cells challenged with G15. Ferutinin was able to increase ERK and Akt phosphorylations with a different timing activation. These phosphorylations were antagonized by PD0325901, a MEK inhibitor, and wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. Both MPP and G15 inhibited the ferutinin-induced MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathway activations. In the osteoblastic condition, PD0325901, but not wortmannin, reduced the expression of OPN and RUNX-2, whereas ferutinin abrogated the down-modulation triggered by PD0325901. SIGNIFICANCE PI3K/Akt pathways seems to mediate the enhancement of hAFSCs osteoblastic differentiation triggered by ferutinin through ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zavatti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - M Guida
- EURAC Research, Center for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - T Maraldi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Beretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - L Bertoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - G B La Sala
- Unit of Obstetrics and Ginecology, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - A De Pol
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Success of Maxillary Alveolar Defect Repair in Rats Using Osteoblast-Differentiated Human Deciduous Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 74:829.e1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Che CT, Wong MS, Lam CWK. Natural Products from Chinese Medicines with Potential Benefits to Bone Health. Molecules 2016; 21:239. [PMID: 26927052 PMCID: PMC6274145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive, systemic bone disorder characterized by loss of bone mass and microstructure, leading to reduced bone strength and increased risk of fracture. It is often associated with reduced quality of life and other medical complications. The disease is common in the aging population, particularly among postmenopausal women and patients who receive long-term steroidal therapy. Given the rapid growth of the aging population, increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of bone loss, and financial burden to the healthcare system and individuals, demand for new therapeutic agents and nutritional supplements for the management and promotion of bone health is pressing. With the advent of global interest in complementary and alternative medicine and natural products, Chinese medicine serves as a viable source to offer benefits for the improvement and maintenance of bone health. This review summarizes the scientific information obtained from recent literatures on the chemical ingredients of Chinese medicinal plants that have been reported to possess osteoprotective and related properties in cell-based and/or animal models. Some of these natural products (or their derivatives) may become promising leads for development into dietary supplements or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Man Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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25
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Nuclear Nox4 Role in Stemness Power of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:101304. [PMID: 26273418 PMCID: PMC4529982 DOI: 10.1155/2015/101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) are an attractive source for cell therapy due to their multilineage differentiation potential and accessibility advantages. However the clinical application of human stem cells largely depends on their capacity to expand in vitro, since there is an extensive donor-to-donor heterogeneity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidative stress are involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes of stem cells, including pluripotency, proliferation, differentiation, and stress resistance. The mode of action of ROS is also dependent on the localization of their target molecules. Thus, the modifications induced by ROS can be separated depending on the cellular compartments they affect. NAD(P)H oxidase family, particularly Nox4, has been known to produce ROS in the nucleus. In the present study we show that Nox4 nuclear expression (nNox4) depends on the donor and it correlates with the expression of transcription factors involved in stemness regulation, such as Oct4, SSEA-4, and Sox2. Moreover nNox4 is linked with the nuclear localization of redox sensitive transcription factors, as Nrf2 and NF-κB, and with the differentiation potential. Taken together, these results suggest that nNox4 regulation may have important effects in stem cell capability through modulation of transcription factors and DNA damage.
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26
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Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:378368. [PMID: 26106427 PMCID: PMC4464683 DOI: 10.1155/2015/378368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration. Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies. Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.
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Pipino C, Pandolfi A. Osteogenic differentiation of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells and their bone regeneration potential. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:681-690. [PMID: 26029340 PMCID: PMC4444609 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i4.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In orthopedics, tissue engineering approach using stem cells is a valid line of treatment for patients with bone defects. In this context, mesenchymal stromal cells of various origins have been extensively studied and continue to be a matter of debate. Although mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow are already clinically applied, recent evidence suggests that one may use mesenchymal stromal cells from extra-embryonic tissues, such as amniotic fluid, as an innovative and advantageous resource for bone regeneration. The use of cells from amniotic fluid does not raise ethical problems and provides a sufficient number of cells without invasive procedures. Furthermore, they do not develop into teratomas when transplanted, a consequence observed with pluripotent stem cells. In addition, their multipotent differentiation ability, low immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory properties make them ideal candidates for bone regenerative medicine. We here present an overview of the features of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells and their potential in the osteogenic differentiation process. We have examined the papers actually available on this regard, with particular interest in the strategies applied to improve in vitro osteogenesis. Importantly, a detailed understanding of the behavior of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells and their osteogenic ability is desirable considering a feasible application in bone regenerative medicine.
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Maraldi T, Beretti F, Guida M, Zavatti M, De Pol A. Role of hepatocyte growth factor in the immunomodulation potential of amniotic fluid stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:539-47. [PMID: 25873747 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) may be useful for regenerative medicine because of their potential to differentiate into all three germ layers and to modulate immune response with different types of secretion molecules. This last issue has not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the secretome profile of the hAFSC, focusing on the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in immunoregulation through short and long cocultures with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that HGF produced by hAFSCs exerts a cytoprotective role, inducing an increase in caspase-dependent apoptosis in human immune cells. This study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that amniotic fluid is an ideal source of stem cells for expansion and banking properties for therapeutic use. hAFSCs not only are less immunogenic but also can secrete immunoregulatory factors that may be useful in autoimmune diseases or allogenic implants. SIGNIFICANCE New information about the secretome pattern is reported in this paper. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties involving hepatocyte growth factor production. hAFSCs could be used in immunotherapies and might be able to avoid allogenic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC) Research, Bolzano, Italy
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Zavatti M, Bertoni L, Maraldi T, Resca E, Beretti F, Guida M, La Sala GB, De Pol A. Critical-size bone defect repair using amniotic fluid stem cell/collagen constructs: effect of oral ferutinin treatment in rats. Life Sci 2014; 121:174-83. [PMID: 25445219 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to evaluate the bone regeneration in a rat calvarias critical size bone defect treated with a construct consisting of collagen type I and human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) after oral administration of phytoestrogen ferutinin. MAIN METHODS In 12 week old male rats (n=10), we performed two symmetric full-thickness cranial defects on each parietal region, and a scaffold was implanted into each cranial defect. The rats were divided into four groups: 1) collagen scaffold, 2) collagen scaffold+ferutinin at a dose of 2mg/kg/5 mL, 3) collagen scaffold + AFSCs, and 4) collagen scaffold + AFSCs + ferutinin. The rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks, and the calvariae were removed, fixed, embedded in paraffin and cut into 7 μm thick sections. Histomorphometric measures, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses were performed on the paraffin sections. KEY FINDINGS The histomorphometric analysis on H&E stained sections showed a significant increase in the regenerated area of the 4th group compared with the other groups. Immunohistochemistry performed with a human anti-mitochondrial antibody showed the presence of AFSCs 4 weeks after the transplant. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed the presence of osteocalcin and estrogen receptors (ERα and GPR30) in all groups, with a greater expression of all markers in samples where the scaffold was treated with AFSCs and the rats were orally administered ferutinin. SIGNIFICANCE Our results demonstrated that the oral administration of ferutinin is able to improve the bone regeneration of critical-size bone defects in vivo that is obtained with collagen-AFSCs constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Resca
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni B La Sala
- Unit of Obstetrics & Gynecology, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Anto De Pol
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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30
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Human amniotic fluid stem cells: neural differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 357:1-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Inhibition of nuclear Nox4 activity by plumbagin: effect on proliferative capacity in human amniotic stem cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:680816. [PMID: 24489986 PMCID: PMC3893878 DOI: 10.1155/2013/680816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) with multilineage differentiation potential are novel source for cell therapy. However, in vitro expansion leads to senescence affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in the regulation of stem cell pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation. Redox-regulated signal transduction is coordinated by spatially controlled production of ROS within subcellular compartments. NAD(P)H oxidase family, in particular Nox4, has been known to produce ROS in the nucleus; however, the mechanisms and the meaning of this function remain largely unknown. In the present study, we show that Nox4 nuclear expression (nNox4) increases during culture passages up to cell cycle arrest and the serum starvation causes the same effect. With the decrease of Nox4 activity, obtained with plumbagin, a decline of nuclear ROS production and of DNA damage occurs. Moreover, plumbagin exposure reduces the binding between nNox4 and nucleoskeleton components, as Matrin 3. The same effect was observed also for the binding with phospho-ERK, although nuclear ERK and P-ERK are unchanged. Taken together, we suggest that nNox4 regulation may have important pathophysiologic effects in stem cell proliferation through modulation of nuclear signaling and DNA damage.
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