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Ying R, Yang B, Chen M, Zhang X, Zhao C, Long T, Qiu H, Ji W. Characteristics and numerical simulation of chromium transportation, migration and transformation in soil-groundwater system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134414. [PMID: 38678718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding chromium (Cr) migration and dispersion patterns in the soil-groundwater system is critical for the control and remediation of subsurface Cr contamination. In this study, a typical Cr-contaminated site from the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China was simulated with a three-dimensional (3D) sandbox experiment to investigate the migration and transformation behavior of Cr. Results revealed that under the combined influence of rainfall and groundwater flow, a complex flow field favorable for 3D migration and solute dispersion was formed. The flow field characteristics were influenced by water-table depth, which in turn affected Cr behavior in the system. Moreover, downward flow field expansion under low water-table conditions led to Cr vertical migration range expansion, causing greater contamination in the deep soil. The migration process was accompanied with Cr(VI) reduction, during which approximately 75 % of the total Cr was immobilized in soils. The reactive transport model achieved a good fit for Cr retention and morphological distribution in the solid phase. The model indicates that Cr is more readily transported and dispersed with groundwater, and Cr migrated and spread downstream by 15 m during the eighth year. Therefore, managing water-table depth could be a strategy to minimize the Cr vertical migration and contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ying
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Caiyi Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Tao Long
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wenbing Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Liu Y, Chen Q, Xu J, Zhang F, Mao J, Shi Q, He C, Cai R, Lønborg C, Liu L, Guo A, Jiao N, Zheng Q. Heavy metal induced shifts in microbial community composition and interactions with dissolved organic matter in coastal sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172003. [PMID: 38569948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals can impact the structure and function of coastal sediment. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool plays an important role in determining both the heavy metal toxicity and microbial community composition in coastal sediments. However, how heavy metals affect the interactions between microbial communities and DOM remains unclear. Here, we investigated the influence of heavy metals on the microbial community structure (including bacteria and archaea) and DOM composition in surface sediments of Beibu Gulf, China. Our results revealed firstly that chromium, zinc, cadmium, and lead were the heavy metals contributing to pollution in our studied area. Furthermore, the DOM chemical composition was distinctly different in the contaminated area from the uncontaminated area, characterized by a higher average O/C ratio and increased prevalence of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) and highly unsaturated compounds (HUC). This indicates that DOM in the contaminated area was more recalcitrant compared to the uncontaminated area. Except for differences in archaeal diversity between the two areas, there were no significant variations observed in the structure of archaea and bacteria, as well as the diversity of bacteria, across the two areas. Nevertheless, our co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the B2M28 and Euryarchaeota, dominating bacterial and archaeal groups in the contaminated area were strongly related to CRAM. The network analysis also unveiled correlations between active bacteria and elevated proportions of nitrogen-containing DOM molecules. In contrast, the archaea-DOM network exhibited strong associations with nitrogen- and sulfur-containing molecules. Collectively, these findings suggest that heavy metals indeed influence the interaction between microbial communities and DOM, potentially affecting the accumulation of recalcitrant compounds in coastal sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; College of Environmental and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Quan Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Chen He
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Ruanhong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Christian Lønborg
- Department of Ecoscience, Section for Marine Diversity and Experimental Ecology, University of Aarhus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lihua Liu
- Fujian Xiamen Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Xiamen, China
| | - Aixing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Qiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Li B, Mao R, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Song J, Li N, Tang B, Feng J, Guan M. The competition of heavy metals between hyporheic sediments and microplastics of driving factors in the Beiluo River Basin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134538. [PMID: 38761759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Both sediments and microplastics (MPs) are medias of heavy metals (HMs) in river ecosystems. This study investigated HMs (Mn, Cr, V, As, Cu, Co, Cd, Pb, and Ni) concentration and driving factors for competitive enrichment between hyporheic sediments versus MPs. The medias basic characteristics indicated that the sediments were mostly sand and rich in Fe2O3; three polymer types were identified, with blue, fragment, less than 500 µm being the main types of MPs. The results have shown that the average content of extracted HMs in MPs was much higher than that of the same metals accumulated in sediments. HMs in sediments and MPs reached heavily polluted at some points, among which As and Cd were ecological risks. Electrostatic adsorption and surface complexation, and biofilm-mediated and organic matter complexation were the interaction mechanism of HMs with sediments and MPs. Further, the driving factors affecting the distribution of HMs in the two carriers were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. The results demonstrated that carrier characteristics, hydrochemical factors, and the inherent metal load of MPs were the main causes of the high HMs content. These findings improved our understanding of HMs fate and environmental risks across multiple medias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ruichen Mao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; Yellow River Institute of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Nan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jiayuan Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Mingchang Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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Yao T, Ye L, Wang S, Lu J, Li H, Yu G. Effects of cadmium exposure on gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes in Haliotis diversicolor abalone. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141507. [PMID: 38387663 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals in soil, water, and industrial production can affect the antibiotic resistance of bacteria. Antibiotic resistance in gut microbiota has been extensively researched. The effects of cadmium (Cd) was investigated on the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of Haliotis diversicolor, a commercially important abalone species. By exposing H. diversicolor to four concentrations of Cd (0 μg L-1 (control), 6.5 μg L-1 (low), 42.25 μg L-1 (medium), and 274.63 μg L-1 (high)) for 30 and 60 days, 16 types of ARG (aadA-01, aadA-02, cfr, dfrA1, ermB, floR, folA, mecA, sul2, tetB-01, tetC-01, tetD-01, tetG-01, tetM-02, tetQ, vanC-01), and 1213 genus and 27 phylum microbiomes were detected. ARGs can be resistant to aminoglycoside, beta-lactamase, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B, multidrug, florfenicol, macrolide, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and vancomycin. Cadmium exposure significantly alters the abundance of tetC-01, tetB-01, tetQ, sul2, and aadA-01. About 5% (61) of genus-level microorganisms were significantly affected by Cd exposure. Microbiota alpha and beta diversities in the 60-day 42.25 μg L-1 Cd treatment differed significantly from those in other treatments. In addition, 26 pathogens were detected, and two pathogens (Vibrio and Legionella) were significantly affected by Cd exposure. Significant correlations between pathogens and ARGs increased with increased Cd concentration after 60 days of Cd exposure. Cadmium exposure may cause gut microbiota disturbance in H. diversicolor and increase the likelihood of ARG transfer to pathogens, increasing potential ecological and economic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingtong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sijie Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou C, Lin W, Ni Z, Fan F, Dong Y, Gao Y, Baeyens W, Wang S. Seaward alteration of arsenic mobilization mechanisms based on fine-scale measurements in Pearl River estuarine sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133547. [PMID: 38262324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Identification of key As mobilization processes in estuarine sediments is challenging due to the transitional hydrodynamic condition and the technical restriction of obtaining fine-scale results. Herein, high-resolution (μm to mm) and in situ profiling of As with associated elements (Fe, Mn, and S) by the diffusive gradients in thin-film (DGT) technique were applied and coupled with pore water and solid phase analysis as well as microbial high-throughput sequencing, to ascertain the driving mechanisms of As mobilization in the sediments of Pearl River Estuary (PRE). Significant diffusion fluxes of As from sediment to water were observed, particularly in the upper estuary. With the seaward increase of salinity, the driving mechanism of As mobilization gradually shifted from microbial-induced dissimilatory Fe reduction to saltwater-induced ion exchange. Correspondingly, the dominant Fe-reducing bacteria (FeRB) in sediments changed from the genera Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Bacillus to Ferrimonas and Deferribacter. The presence of dissolved sulfide in deeper sediments contributes to As removal through the formation of As-S precipitates as supported by theoretical calculations. Fine-scale findings revealed seaward changes of As mobilization mechanism in the sediments of a human-impacted estuary and may benefit the understanding of As biogeochemical behavior in estuaries worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhou
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Zhaokui Ni
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Yue Dong
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shengrui Wang
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
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Wang J, Yuan J, Hou Q, Yang Z, You Y, Yu T, Ji J, Dou L, Ha X, Sheng W, Liu X. Distribution of potentially toxic elements in soils and sediments in Pearl River Delta, China: Natural versus anthropogenic source discrimination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166573. [PMID: 37633402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Although anthropogenic contamination has been regarded as the most important source of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils of large river delta plains, the extent to which human activities affect PTEs in soils is worth exploring. This study used high density geochemical data to distinguish source patterns of PTEs in soils of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, a large industrialized and urbanized area in China. Enrichment factor, discriminant analysis, principal components analysis, cumulative distribution function, and positive matrix factorization were used to identify sources of PTEs in soils. The results indicated that parent material was the most significant factor affecting geochemical characteristics of PTEs in soils. Median concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn were 0.400, 88.5, 40.5, 0.143, 43.0, and 116.0 mg/kg for stream sediments, 0.333, 75.7, 39.0, 0.121, 42.6, and 98.5 mg/kg for deep soils, and 0.365, 74.0, 45.1, 0.143, 44.6, and 119.5 mg/kg for surface soils, respectively, all of which exceed relevant reference standards. Compared with stream sediments and deep soils, surface soils exhibit substantial concentrations of PTEs. Chemical weathering and erosion of parent materials distributed in the Pearl River Delta were the main sources of PTEs in soils. Diffuse contamination and many small local contamination sources distributed throughout the study area were the most significant anthropogenic sources of PTEs in surface soils. Intensive human activities failed to change the soil geochemical characteristics derived from the parent material at the regional scale. However, it could induce non-point source pollution and local severe PTEs pollution in surface soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiaxin Yuan
- Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Qingye Hou
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuanhang You
- 3rd Geological Team, Guangdong Geological Bureau, Shaoguan 512030, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Junfeng Ji
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Lei Dou
- Institute of Guangdong Geological Survey, Guangdong Geological Bureau, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xianrui Ha
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Weikang Sheng
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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Wang J, Lu X, Jing Q, Zhang B, Ye J, Zhang H, Xiao Z, Zhang J. Spatiotemporal characterization of heavy metal and antibiotics in the Pearl River Basin and pollutants removal assessment using invasive species-derived biochars. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131409. [PMID: 37104950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rivers play essential roles in human civilization, while anthropogenic activities have deteriorated their resilience and functionalities. Combating contamination is one of the priorities for building the river's resilience and providing safe water and habitats for livelihoods, wildlife preservation, and food production. We collected 174 water and sediment samples from the upstream to the estuary of the Pearl River (PR), characterized the heavy metal and antibiotics contamination levels, and analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution by compiling historical datasets extracted from published research papers and governmental documents. We also assessed the feasibility of removing PR water heavy metals and antibiotics using biochars derived from two invasive plants, Bidens pilosa L. and Lantana camara. According to our findings, heavy metals and antibiotics in water and sediment increased towards the downstream region of the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The water and sediment samples obtained from the Dongguan and Shenzhen regions exhibited the most elevated levels of heavy metals, whereas the samples from the Huizhou region demonstrated the highest levels of antibiotics. Compared with previously published PRD sediment heavy metals (1976-2011) and antibiotics contamination data (2006-2017), we found that some heavy metals and all measured antibiotics contents in sediment substantially reduced (80-100%). Cu, Zn, Cr, and As significantly polluted the sediment in PRD. Shenzhen had the highest Index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) for Cu, Zn, and Cr, while Zhaoqing had the highest Igeo for As. The dominant antibiotics were Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Oxytetracycline, and Tetracycline. Invasive plant-derived biochars showed high antibiotic removal capacity but failed to reduce most PR water heavy metals since these invasive plants are potential heavy metal hyperaccumulators. The spatial distribution of heavy metal and antibiotics concentration/content in water and sediment samples is primarily affected by anthropogenic activities such as industrialization, aquaculture, pharmaceutical, and agricultural practice. Our study provides insights into the extensive freshwater watersheds' decontamination and green policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China; Department of Forestry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - Xuening Lu
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Jing
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Ye
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicheng Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeheng Xiao
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China.
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de Carvalho VS, Felix CSA, da Silva Junior JB, de Oliveira OMC, de Andrade JB, Ferreira SLC. Determination and evaluation of the ecological risk of mercury in different granulometric fractions of sediments from a public supply river in Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115083. [PMID: 37245321 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the quantification of total mercury in sediments collected in periods with and without rain from the Joanes River, Bahia, Brazil. Determinations were made using Direct Mercury Analysis (DMA), the accuracy of which was confirmed with two certified reference materials. The highest total mercury concentrations were found at the sampling point close to commercial areas and large residential condominiums. On the other hand, the lowest levels were found in the site close to a mangrove region. The geoaccumulation index was applied to the total mercury results, evidencing low contamination in the region studied. The contamination factor showed that of the seven stations investigated, four samples collected in the rainy season showed moderate contamination. The results of the ecological risk assessment were utterly consistent with the contamination factor data. This study showed that the smaller sediment particles concentrate more mercury, corroborating what has been predicted by the adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Campus Ondina, 40170-270 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Energia & Ambiente, INCT, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Caio S A Felix
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Energia & Ambiente, INCT, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia & Ambiente, CIEnAm, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Jucelino B da Silva Junior
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Energia & Ambiente, INCT, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Campus Ondina, 40170-270 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Olivia M C de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Campus Ondina, 40170-270 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Energia & Ambiente, INCT, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia & Ambiente, CIEnAm, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Centro Universitário SENAI, CIMATEC, Avenida Orlando Gomes, 1845, 41650-000 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Sergio L C Ferreira
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Campus Ondina, 40170-270 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Energia & Ambiente, INCT, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Soetan O, Nie J, Viteritto M, Feng H. Evaluation of sediment dredging in remediating toxic metal contamination - a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27489-x. [PMID: 37184798 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metal pollution is a leading environmental concern for aquatic systems globally, and remedial dredging has been widely employed to mitigate its harmful impacts. In terms of the short-term impacts of remedial dredging, mixed results are reported in several studies. Despite its immediate negative impacts including saturation of water with toxic metals, increased turbidity, and sediment resuspension, positive impacts can be recorded over a stabilization period of 6-24 months after dredging. Nevertheless, the sustainability of these recorded positive effects cannot be ascertained as some studies have reported long-term regression in remediated sites' conditions. Evaluation of success determinants, site-measure compatibility, and determination of supplementary measures are keys to achieving and sustaining the projected benefits of remedial dredging and justifying its overall cost. This multicomponent study reviewed published literatures that documented the outcomes of short- and long-term dredging projects in toxic metal-polluted systems globally with a broad goal of examining how sediment removal impacts toxic metal dynamics in the aquatic system and understanding why the sustenance of positive impacts is controversial. In the meantime, this study also explored the preventative and remedial management strategies for attaining and sustaining positive dredging outcomes. The purpose of this study is to provide key recommendations for decision-making and policy development in aquatic toxic metal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Soetan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Viteritto
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA.
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10
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Shi M, Xie Q, Li ZL, Pan YF, Yuan Z, Lin L, Xu XR, Li HX. Adsorption of heavy metals on biodegradable and conventional microplastics in the Pearl River Estuary, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121158. [PMID: 36716949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microplastics (MPs) as emerging carriers for environmental pollutants have attracted increasing worldwide attention. However, the adsorption of heavy metals on MPs, especially for biodegradable MPs, has been still poorly understood in estuarine environments. In this study, we investigated the aging of biodegradable and conventional MPs in the Pearl River Estuary after long-term exposure and their impacts on the adsorption of heavy metals from seawater. The results showed that the changes in surface characteristics were more prominent on biodegradable MPs than on conventional MPs after aging. Both biodegradable and conventional MPs could adsorb heavy metals, and their adsorption capacities fluctuated greatly on different MPs and different exposure times. The adsorption capacities of Cu, Pb, and As on biodegradable MPs were higher than those on conventional MPs, whereas Mn, Cr, and Co had lower adsorption on biodegradable MPs after 9-12 months by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The aging characteristics (CI, O/C, and Xc) of MPs accounted for a contribution of 51.0% on heavy metal adsorption, while the environmental factors (temperature, salinity, pH, and heavy metal concentration) only contributed to 13.2%. Therefore, the present study can provide important evidence on the environmental behaviors and ecological risks of biodegradable and conventional MPs in estuarine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qun Xie
- Analytical and Testing Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhen-Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yun-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Heng-Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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11
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Lu X, Hu H, Li J, Li J, Wang L, Liu L, Tang Y. Microplastics existence affected heavy metal affinity to ferrihydrite as a representative sediment mineral. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160227. [PMID: 36400290 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of minerals, heavy metals and microplastics in sediment has been widely reported, while the interactions between minerals and heavy metals may be affected by the presence of microplastics. Therefore, to elucidate the effect of microplastics on the interactions between heavy metals and sediment minerals, this study conducted a series of experiments using polystyrene (PS) microplastics, Pb/Cr/Cd and ferrihydrite (Fh). The presence of PS microplastics with ferrihydrite (Fh-MPs200, mass ratio of ferrihydrite to PS of 200:1) improved the adsorption capacity of ferrihydrite, especially with an increase of 36 % for Pb. Morphological characterization demonstrated that the nano-ferrihydrite particles were dispersed on the surface of the PS microplastics, increasing the available reaction sites of the ferrihydrite particles. Furthermore, the results of zeta potential and pH effect showed that the reduction in electrostatic repulsion after adding PS was another critical reason for the increase in Pb adsorption by Fh-MP200. As a result, the presence of PS microplastics enhanced the complexation of Pb ions and the hydroxyl groups on the ferrihydrite surface. This study demonstrated that the presence of microplastics in the sedimentary environment can alter the dispersion and surface properties of minerals, thereby affecting the accumulation and transportation of heavy metals at the water-sediment interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Hongwei Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Jiawei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jiangpeng Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lili Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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12
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Wang J, Ge J, Yang X, Cheng D, Yuan C, Liu Z, Yang S, Guo Y, Gu Y. Distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Dajiuhu Lake Wetland in Shennongjia, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25999-26011. [PMID: 36350440 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of modern society has resulted in discharge of large, heavy metal quantities into wetlands that have been continuously accumulating, causing severe pollution. Dajiuhu, located in the Shennongjia Forest District of Hubei Province in China, is a wetland of significant value internationally, serving as a model wetland ecosystem with heightened scientific research value. In this study, 27 surface sediment samples from nine sub-lakes in Dajiuhu were collected in August 2020. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the sediments were determined. The heavy metal occurrence and speciation characteristics were analyzed by an improved BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) extraction method. Four methods were used to evaluate heavy metals' pollution degree and ecological risk. The possible source of heavy metals was inferred using correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The heavy metal content in the lake sediments of Dajiuhu wetland was from the highest to the lowest concentration as follows: Zn [Formula: see text] Cr [Formula: see text] Ni [Formula: see text] Pb [Formula: see text] Cu [Formula: see text] Cd. The average Cd content exceeded the national nature reserve threshold values, while the other heavy metals measured were below their respective threshold values. However, due to the occurrence of Pb and Cd in different forms, they still pose certain pollution and ecological risk to the lake wetlands. On the other hand, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Cu do not pose an ecological risk in the lakes of the Dajiuhu wetland. The spatial distribution of heavy metal content in the nine sub-lakes did vary significantly. Regarding the heavy metal sources in the lake sediments, Ni, Cr, and Cu originate from natural factors, and Cd and Pb have mainly anthropogenic origins. In contrast, Zn has both natural and anthropogenic origins. This study provides further insights into the study of heavy metal pollution in lake wetlands. It provides a framework and a direction for managing heavy metal pollution in the Dajiuhu wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiumei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiwen Ge
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China.
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China.
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dandan Cheng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chenhao Yuan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Meihang Remote Sensing Information Co. Ltd, Xi'an, 710199, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Guo
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710199, China
| | - Yansheng Gu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
- Institution of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
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13
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Guo Y, Ke X, Zhang J, He X, Li Q, Zhang Y. Distribution, Risk Assessment and Source of Heavy Metals in Mangrove Wetland Sediments of Dongzhai Harbor, South China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1090. [PMID: 36673847 PMCID: PMC9859084 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are common environmental contaminants that are toxic, non-biodegradable, and bioaccumulative. They can bioaccumulate through the food chain and present a risk to both public health and ecology. Therefore, this study takes the mangrove wetland of Dongzhai Harbor as an example. The concentrations of heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the surface sediments of mangrove wetlands were measured to reveal their distribution, the contamination level was assessed, and the sources of contamination were analyzed. The distribution of Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Cd concentrations are: Yanfeng East River > Sanjiang River > Yanzhou River > Yanfeng West River, while the As concentration in the Yanfeng West River is greater than that in the Yanfeng East River. According to the correlation analysis, the concentrations of Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Cd are significantly and positively correlated with total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and salinity (SAL) and shared a significantly negative correlation with pH. There is moderate contamination risk of As and slight contamination risk of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in most regions within the study area. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn exhibit the same sources, which are mainly influenced by human sources such as aquaculture, agricultural cultivation, and livestock farming, while the source of As comes from aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Xianzhong Ke
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Xinhui He
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Qinghua Li
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences), Wuhan 430205, China
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14
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Liang RZ, Gu YG, Li HS, Han YJ, Niu J, Su H, Jordan RW, Man XT, Jiang SJ. Multi-index assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments of the Pearl River estuary intertidal zone. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114445. [PMID: 36470095 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments from 21 stations within the Pearl River estuary (PRE) intertidal zone were sampled for heavy metal contamination analysis. Average heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) in the PRE intertidal zone were 118.5 (Cr), 860.4 (Mn), 19.5 (Co), 72.5 (Ni), 128.1 (Cu), 198.5 (Zn), and 73.0 (Pb), with the concentrations of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn being significantly higher than their corresponding background values. The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) reveal the same contamination status, with Pb, Ni, Co, Mn, and Cu showing slight to moderate contamination. Overall, the combined heavy metal concentration in the PRE intertidal surface sediments had a 24.7 % probability of toxic effects on aquatic biota based on the joint probabilistic risk (JPR) approach. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with the correlation analysis (CA) revealed that the heavy metal contamination in the PRE intertidal zone might originate from natural and anthropogenic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ze Liang
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yang-Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Hai-Song Li
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Jie Han
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Xiang-Tian Man
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 245700, China
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15
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Geng W, Xiao X, Zhang L, Ni W, Li N, Li Y. Response and tolerance ability of Chlorella vulgaris to cadmium pollution stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:4391-4401. [PMID: 34278946 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1950841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, which is widely used in electroplating industry, chemical industry, electronic industry and nuclear industry, is harmful to human health and ecological environment. The effects of Cd at different initial concentrations on biomass, antioxidant enzyme activity and ultrastructure of Chlorella vulgaris were analysed in the present study. The results showed that C. vulgaris maintained a slow-growth trend at 3.0 mg/L Cd, and the peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity reached the highest at this concentration, which indicated that C. vulgaris could resist the oxidative damage of cells by increasing the enzyme activity, so as to improve the tolerance of C. vulgaris to Cd. When the concentration of Cd was 5.0 mg/L, although the activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme was still very high, POD enzyme could not remove the hydrogen peroxide produced in cells in time, leading to cell damage and even death. Therefore, when the concentration reached 5.0 mg/L, the growth of C. vulgaris began to decline after four days of stress, and the cell structure was significantly damaged after six days of stress. And the higher concentration of Cd caused more Cd accumulation in cells and a serious damage to C. vulgaris. C. vulgaris can be used as an early warning indicator of Cd pollution, and it can be used for bioremediation of Cd contaminated water through tolerant subculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Geng
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Xiao
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Ni
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Li
- College of Safety and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang K, Han Y, Li K, Guo Z, Wang Q, Cui X, Yang F, Zhang Z. Fractionation analysis and risk assessment of potential toxic elements in reservoir sediments in central China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81864-81874. [PMID: 35737267 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of potential toxic elements (PTEs) in the environment is a persistent issue and draws public attention constantly. However, there is no study comprehensively assessing the PTE pollution of water supply reservoirs in central China. This study determined the total contents and fractions of seven PTEs in 10 water supply reservoirs of central China, and evaluated PTE pollution risks by adopting various models. The results indicated that PTE pollution in water supply reservoirs was lower comparing that in estuary or river sediments, and Mn (manganese) was the predominant PTE in central China reservoirs. Fractionation analysis revealed that for B1 fraction (exchangeable/acid-soluble fraction) of Mn, Zn (zinc) and B2 fraction (reducible fraction) of Pb (lead) was high, while the effective state portion of Cr (chromium) was small. The monomial potential ecological risk indices and Igeo values were low among most samples, indicating overall modest PTE pollution. However, the results of the individual contamination factor (ICF) suggested that Pb might lead to potential health risks to human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Ya Han
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Kuangjia Li
- Development Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources of People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100032, China.
| | - Ziwei Guo
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Xiangchao Cui
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zhongshuai Zhang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
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17
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Xie S, Liu C, He B, Chen M, Gao T, Wei X, Liu Y, Xia Y, Sun Q. Geochemical Fractionation and Source Identification of Pb and Cd in Riparian Soils and River Sediments from Three Lower Reaches Located in the Pearl River Delta. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13819. [PMID: 36360697 PMCID: PMC9657673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pb and Cd accumulation in riparian soils and river sediments in river basins is a challenging pollution issue due to the persistence and bioaccumulation of these two trace metals. Understanding the migration characteristics and input sources of these metals is the key to preventing metal pollution. This study was conducted to explore the contents, geochemical fractionation, and input sources of Pb and Cd in riparian soils and river sediments from three lower reaches of the Pearl River Delta located in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The total concentration of all Pb and Cd values exceeded the background values to varying degrees, and the exchangeable fraction of Cd in riparian soils and river sediments accounted for the largest proportion, while that of Pb was dominated by the residual fraction. Geoaccumulation index calculations showed that in the riparian soils, the average accumulation degree of Pb (0.52) in the Beijiang River (BJR) was the highest, while that of Cd (2.04) in the Xijiang River (XJR) was the highest. Unlike that in riparian soils, the maximum accumulation of Pb (0.76) and Cd (3.01) in river sediments both occurred in the BJR. Furthermore, the enrichment factor results also showed that Pb and Cd in the riparian soils and river sediments along the BJR were higher than those in the XJR and Dongjiang River (DJR). The relationship between enrichment factors and nonresidual fractions further proved that the enrichment factors of Cd were significantly correlated with the nonresidual fractions of Cd, which may imply various anthropogenic sources of Cd in the three reaches. Moreover, source identification based on principal component analysis (PCA) and Pb isotope ratio analysis indicated that riparian soils and river sediments have inconsistent pollution source structures. The PCA results showed that Pb and Cd were homologous inputs in the DJR, and there were significant differences only in the riparian soils and river sediments. Pb isotope tracing results further showed that the bedrock of high geological background from upstream may be the main reason for Cd accumulation in the XJR. However, the ultrahigh accumulation of Cd in the BJR is mainly caused by the input of the upstream mining and metallurgy industry. The control of upstream input sources will be the key to the prevention of trace metal pollution in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Xie
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Bin He
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Manjia Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Xinghu Wei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yafei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Qianying Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
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18
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Sun Y, Yang J, Gong J, Duan Z. Contamination and source of metals in surface sediments from the Nandu River of Hainan Island, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:114037. [PMID: 35969904 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of eight metals, organic carbon (Corg), and eight oxides were measured in 33 river sediment samples from the Nandu River. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) showed no severe pollution at all stations. However, according to the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and potential ecological risk index (EI and RI), As and Cd were the primary pollutants in the survey area and caused low to moderate potential ecological risk. The positive correlations between Al2O3, TFe2O3, Mn, Corg, and metals indicated that clay, FeMn oxides, and organic carbon content were the main factors for metal accumulation in the study area. From the results of correlation (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA), we inferred that Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn were mainly from natural sources, while As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were from anthropogenic activities in the Nandu River basin. This was the first study of metal pollution in the surface sediments of the Nandu River, which will serve as a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Sun
- School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Yang
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Langfang 065000, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Langfang 065000, PR China
| | - Zhuang Duan
- Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Langfang 065000, PR China
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19
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Li Y, Sun Z, Mao L, Hu X, Chen B, Li Y. Spatial variation and ecological risk assessment for heavy metals in marsh sediments in Fuzhou reach of the Min River, Southeast China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113757. [PMID: 35596999 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To explore the pollution levels, sources and risks of heavy metals in sediments in Fuzhou reach of the Min River, the sediments involving in seven marsh types were sampled. Results showed that the concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments declined from freshwater segment to estuarine segment. Higher levels of Cu, Cr and Ni in sediments generally occurred in estuarine segment. The highest levels of Pb and Cd were observed in bush swamp, while those of Cr, Ni, Zn and Cu occurred in mudflat. Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni probably shared common source, while Pb and Cd originated from another source. Pb and Cd were identified as heavy metals of primary concerns and the former showed high potential toxicity and high contributions to ΣTUs. Next step, the metal pollutions in sediments might be more serious if effective measures were not taken to control the loading of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajin Li
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Zhigao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China.
| | - Li Mao
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Xingyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Yanzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
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20
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Xiao H, Shahab A, Ye F, Wei G, Li J, Deng L. Source-specific ecological risk assessment and quantitative source apportionment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Pearl River Estuary, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113726. [PMID: 35567962 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, surface sediments of the Pearl River Estuary were collected from 29 stations and investigated the spatial distribution, pollution level, quantitative source apportionment, and source-specific ecological risk of 10 heavy metals. The mean concentrations followed the order of Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > As > Co > Cd > Hg. In terms of spatial distribution, it showed that the heavy metals were enriched in the inner Pearl River Estuary with 'extremely high' level of Hg, whereas, Cd and Zn posed 'moderate to high' contamination potential. We apportioned four main sources using positive matrix factorization model, in which natural geogenic and industrial manufacturing sources accounted for 36.84% and 27.11% of the total, respectively. However, the source-specific risk assessment suggested that mixed anthropogenic sources were the main contributors, and ecological risks were strongly affected by anthropogenic imports from the surrounding cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xiao
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China; State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China; State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gangjian Wei
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China; State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jieyue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Liming Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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21
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Shi W, Li T, Feng Y, Su H, Yang Q. Source apportionment and risk assessment for available occurrence forms of heavy metals in Dongdahe Wetland sediments, southwest of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152837. [PMID: 34995589 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Urban wetland ecosystems are easily influenced by heavy metals (HMs) because of their functional properties. In this study, absolute principal component scores-multivariate linear regression (APCS-MLR) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor models were applied for the source apportionment of available occurrence forms of heavy metals (AHMs) of surface sediments in a typical urban wetland of Dianchi Lake, southwest of China. The risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the potential ecological/human health risks of HMs. Results indicated that Zn, Pb, and Cr were the major pollutants affected by anthropogenic activities in sediments and their concentrations were significantly exceeding the background value. Most of the highly AHMs-polluted area was close to the river in wetland, and the concentration distribution of all AHMs were generally low in the southwest and high in the northeast. Both APCS-MLR and PMF models identified three comparable classes of potential sources, namely (1) agricultural fertilizer/insecticide, atmospheric deposition, and traffic emissions; (2) natural transitions; and (3) industrial and sewage wastes. Moreover, the comparison results implied that the PMF model was more feasible for quantifying AHMs sources in wetland sediments since it is capable to analyze one more source, namely plant maintenance and waterfowl feeding, and has higher accuracy in predicting the concentrations of AHMs. In addition, the risk assessment model revealed that all these HMs were within the acceptable ranges of ecological and carcinogenic/non-carcinogenic human health risks. Among these, ingestion was the major exposure pathway of HMs from local areas, followed by dermal exposure and oral or nasal inhalation. However, children were more easily exposed to HMs than adults by ingestion due to their hand-to-mouth behaviors. This study aims to assess the HM pollution status in a plateau urban wetland, and provides a practical case for modeling source apportionment and risk assessment of HMs in wetland sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Shi
- School of Architectural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Architectural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China.
| | - Huai Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change on Lower Latitude Plateau for Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qiliang Yang
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
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22
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Spatiotemporal Variation and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Industrialized Urban River Sediments: Fengshan River in Southern Taiwan as a Case Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sediment pollution index acts as a useful indicator for assessing anthropogenic pollution within river drainage basins. An industrialized urban river, Fengshan River in Kaohsiung City, southern Taiwan has been suffering heavy metal pollution from surrounding factories. In this study, spatial and seasonal variations in heavy metals in sediments from seven sampling sites of Fengshan River were determined to assess sediment pollution status and potential ecological risk using multiple sediment pollution indices. Results showed that the heavy metal concentrations displayed large spatial variations. Severe contamination of heavy metals, especially for Cr, Hg, and Zn in the lower reaches of Fengshan River, may attribute to wastewater discharges from leather processing and metal finishing factories along the river drainage basin. An increase in metal concentrations from upstream to downstream indicated that heavy metals tend to accumulate in tidal reaches, probably as a result of the flocculation effect. Frequent heavy rainfall in the wet season can enhance surface runoff to discharge metal pollutants from non-point sources (scattered factories) into the river. Assessment of multiple pollution indices showed moderately polluted (mCd = 3.9, PLI = 2.6) and considerable ecological risk (RI = 540, mERMQ = 0.55), indicating Fengshan River sediments, particularly in the lower reaches, are considered toxic and can cause adverse effects to benthic organisms. Organic matters showed a good correlation with heavy metals, which play an important role in the spatiotemporal variations in heavy metal pollutants in the Fengshan River sediments. This study can provide valuable information for river pollution remediation, and urban planning and management.
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23
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Fan Y, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhou X, Lu X, Liu J. Pollution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments of Luoyuan Bay, Fujian. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111911. [PMID: 34419467 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of eight heavy metals, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, were analyzed to explore the environmental pollution characteristics, ecological risk levels, and sources of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 110.44, 97.76, 17.35, 41.99, 36.78, 137.26, 0.09, and 35.81 mg⋅kg-1, respectively. The mean concentrations of Cr, Cu, and Zn exceeded the first category of the marine sediment quality standards, indicating a moderate regional comprehensive potential ecological hazard level. Due to variable hydrodynamic conditions, high concentrations of heavy metals were observed in the north and low concentrations were observed in the south, with high values generally recorded near steel plants and shipyard docks. Correlation and principal component analyses revealed that the V, Al, Co, Ni, and Pb originated from the weathering and erosion of rocks, and industrial wastewater discharge. Contrastingly, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Cd were mainly associated with the transportation and repair of ships, and marine aquaculture activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Fan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhibiao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
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24
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Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Nutrient Elements and Heavy Metals in the Ganjiang River Basin. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13233367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pollution of water bodies by nutrients and heavy metals can lead to a loss of biodiversity, environmental degradation, and harm to human health. During the two-month monitoring period (e.g., December 2019 to January 2020), variables such as trace metals (e.g., Cu, Zn, As, and Cr), nutrients (e.g., NH4+-N, TN, and TP), water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) were measured at 102 monitoring points in the main stream and tributaries of the Ganjiang River in the Poyang Lake Basin. A variety of multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and correlation analysis, were used to conduct risk assessments and source analyses of the nutrient elements and heavy metals in the Ganjiang River system. The results show that although the Ganjiang River Basin is polluted by human activities, its water chemistry characteristics and trace metal and nutrient elements concentrations were better than the national standards. Through principal component analysis, the water pollution sources could be divided into urban sewage, agricultural activities, industrial activities, and the sources of industrial activities and transportation activities. The comprehensive risks of noncarcinogens (Hc) and comprehensive risks of carcinogens (Rc) for adults and children due to drinking water indicated that the risk from drinking water for the children in the basin was greater than that for adults, and that the Hc for adults and children was acceptable. However, the Rc for adults and children was slightly higher than the acceptable values. This study provides a reference for the fine control of the environmental water pollution sources in the Ganjiang river basin and health risk assessments in the basin, which are of great significance for improving the environmental water quality standards in the river basin and for reducing the risk of carcinogenesis.
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25
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Ji Z, Long Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Qi X, Xia X, Pei Y. Enrichment differences and source apportionment of nutrients, stable isotopes, and trace metal elements in sediments of complex and fragmented wetland systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117852. [PMID: 34330015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities significantly influence the lake environment and are reflected by the element contents in sediments/soils. The lake fragmentation provides a unique opportunity for comparing the influences of natural/anthropogenic activities of different wetlands systems. In this study, a complex and fragmented lake was investigated, and sediment/soil samples were collected from different systems. The nutrient contents (C, N, and P), stable isotopic compositions (δ13C and δ15N), and trace metal contents (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the sediments/soils were measured to determine the natural and anthropogenic influences and pollution sources. Lake fragmentation was caused by insufficient water input and long-term agricultural and aquacultural activities of local residents. Due to the effect of anthropogenic activities, the enrichment conditions of various elements differed significantly for different wetland systems. Industrial, agricultural, and biological sources significantly influenced the element enrichment in different systems. The results demonstrated that the anthropogenic activities significantly influenced the sediments/soils in wetland systems, and the lake fragmentation reduced the diffusion of the contaminants. These results provide accurate reference information for pollution control, lake management, and ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ziwei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Youke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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26
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Debnath A, Singh PK, Chandra Sharma Y. Metallic contamination of global river sediments and latest developments for their remediation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113378. [PMID: 34435569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review article represents the comparative study of heavy metal concentration in water and sediments of 43 important global rivers. The review is a solitary effort in the area of heavy metal contamination of river-sediments during last ten years. The interpretation of heavy metal contamination in sediments has been verified with different indices, factors, codes and reference guidelines, which is based on geochemical data linked to background value of metals. It is observed that health hazards arise due to dynamics of movement of metals between water and sediments, which is primarily influenced by several factors such as physical, chemical, biological, hydrological and environmental. Also, the reason behind accumulation and assimilation of heavy metals on river water system is explained with appropriate mechanisms. Several factors e.g. pH, ORP, organic matter etc. are mainly involved in the distribution, accumulation and assimilation of metals in the sediment phase to water phase. Remediation technologies such as in-situ and ex-situ have been discussed for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated sediments. We have also compared the performance efficiencies of the technologies adopted by different researchers during the period 2003 to 2019 for the removal of metal bound sediments. Many researchers have preferred in-situ over ex-situ remediation due to low cost and time saving remediation effects. In this work we have also incorporated the safety measures and strategies which can prevent the metal accumulation in sediments of river system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Debnath
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
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27
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Corrosion trend on Q450 weathering steel deposited with Na2SO4, NaCl under ultraviolet light illumination. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Chen Y, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Wu X, Xiao Q, Deng Y, Li M, Li C, Qiu H, Lu S. Perchlorate in shellfish from South China Sea and implications for human exposure. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112672. [PMID: 34218037 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Shellfish can absorb and accumulate contaminants. The consumption of shellfish could expose humans to pollutants and increase related health risk. Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a ubiquitous pollutant and could affect thyroid functions, especially for children and pregnant women. However, knowledge on the contamination of perchlorate in aquatic food such as shellfish remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the abundances of perchlorate in shellfish from South China Sea and to assess human exposure risks. A total of 178 shellfish samples from eight species were collected from offshore aquaculture waters in South China Sea. Perchlorate was detected in 99.4% of them, suggesting widespread pollution in coastal waters. Concentrations of perchlorate ranged from not detected (N.D.) to 71.5 μg kg-1, with a median value of 4.33 μg kg-1. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were used to assess human exposure dose and health risks, respectively. The HQ values were determined to be less than 1, indicating no significant health risks to local residents via shellfish consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate perchlorate contamination in South China shellfish and assess potential human risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qinru Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yilan Deng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Minhui Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hongmei Qiu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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29
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Luo M, Yu H, Liu Q, Lan W, Ye Q, Niu Y, Niu Y. Effect of river-lake connectivity on heavy metal diffusion and source identification of heavy metals in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125818. [PMID: 34492783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution poses a significant threat to ecological security and human health. Current research on the causes, sources and distribution of metal pollution in the Yangtze River plain is lacking. This study investigated the accumulation, risk, distribution, and sources of heavy metals in 62 lakes along the Yangtze River, and analyzed the relationship between river-lake connectivity, economic structure, population and metal diffusion. The mean concentrations of Cr, Cu, Hg, Zn, Cd, Pb and As in the surface sediments of these lakes were 90.8, 60.1, 0.06, 102, 0.89, 42.7, and 6.01 mg/kg, respectively. Most (99%) of the lake sediments were contaminated with Cd, and the lakes in the middle reach and southern bank of the Yangtze River had a higher ecological risk. Cr originated from the natural environment, whereas Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and As were affected by human activities. The lakes disconnected from the Yangtze River had higher concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and As, while the lakes connected to the river had higher concentrations of Cd and Cr. This comprehensive analysis determined the pollution characteristics of heavy metals, illustrated the causes of non-point pollution in the Yangtze River plain, and showed that soil-water erosion is important in metal diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingke Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Lan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qiaoru Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuan Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yong Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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30
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Lin H, Lan W, Feng Q, Zhu X, Li T, Zhang R, Song H, Zhu Y, Zhao B. Pollution and ecological risk assessment, and source identification of heavy metals in sediment from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112403. [PMID: 33975158 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Beibu Gulf is an important passageway between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, where there has been an increase in pollution of heavy metals (HMs). High concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, As, and Hg in surface sediment were found in Qinzhou Bay, Fangchenggang, and other coastal areas. Stochastic geo-accumulation analyses identified the pollution to be "uncontaminated"; however, it had an 18% probability of deterioration. The Cd, Hg, and As pollution were relatively serious. Principal component analysis, positive matrix factor model, and mercury isotopes demonstrated that the HMs could mainly be attributed to industrial sources including petrochemical, coal-fired, metal and metalloid processing, leather tanning, and human activities: anthropogenic sources accounted for approximately 70% of all the contaminations. This study demonstrates the contribution of terrigenous input to HMs even at a low level and provides basic data for the coordinated development of land and marine resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Lin
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Nanning, China.
| | - Wenlu Lan
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Guangxi, Beihai, China.
| | - Qinge Feng
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuetao Zhu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tianshen Li
- Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Guangxi, Beihai, China
| | - Ronghai Zhang
- Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Nanning, China
| | - Hainong Song
- Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Nanning, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bohan Zhao
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Lian G, Lee X. Concentrations, Distribution, and Pollution Assessment of Metals in River Sediments in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6908. [PMID: 34199105 PMCID: PMC8297376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study conducted a review on the concentrations, spatial distribution and pollution assessment of metals including As, Hg, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in 102 river sediments in China between January 2008 and July 2020 based on the online literature. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (RI) were used for the pollution assessment of the metals. The results showed that the ranges of metals were: 0.44 to 250.73 mg/kg for As, 0.02 to 8.67 mg/kg for Hg, 0.06 to 40 mg/kg for Cd, 0.81 to 251.58 mg/kg for Co, 4.69 to 460 mg/kg for Cr, 2.13 to 520.42 mg/kg for Cu, 39.76 to 1884 mg/kg for Mn, 1.91 to 203.11 mg/kg for Ni, 1.44 to 1434.25 mg/kg for Pb and 12.76 to 1737.35 mg/kg for Zn, respectively. The median values of these metals were descending in the order: Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co > As > Cd > Hg. Compared with the SQGs, As and Cr manifested higher exceeding sites among the metals. Metals of river sediments manifested a significant spatial variation among different regions, which might be attributed to the natural weathering and anthropogenic activity. The mean Igeo values of the metals presented the decreasing trends in the order: Cd > Hg > Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Ni > Co > Cr > Mn. Cd and Hg manifested higher proportions of contaminated sites and contributed most to the RI, which should be listed as priority control of pollutants. Southwest River Basin, Liaohe River Basin, and Huaihe River Basin manifested higher ecological risks than other basins. The study could provide a comprehensive understanding of metals pollution in river sediments in China, and a reference of the control of pollutant discharge in the river basins for the management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Lian
- The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; or
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, Liupanshui 553004, China
| | - Xinqing Lee
- The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; or
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Gu X, Xu L, Wang Z, Ming X, Dang P, Ouyang W, Lin C, Liu X, He M, Wang B. Assessment of cadmium pollution and subsequent ecological and health risks in Jiaozhou Bay of the Yellow Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145016. [PMID: 33607433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Million tons of cadmium (Cd) are annually discharged into China's coastal regions, creating a persistent hazard to marine organisms and human health. This study assessed Cd residues in the Yellow Sea's semi-enclosed Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), finding concentrations of 0.05-0.94 μg/L in seawater and 0.03-0.18 mg/kg in sediment. For marine organisms, mollusks had the highest Cd concentration (0.44 ± 0.09 mg/kg), followed by crustaceans (0.26 ± 0.08 mg/kg) and fish (0.10 ± 0.02 mg/kg). Cd was clearly accumulated by mollusks, with biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) values >1 and biota-water accumulation factor (BWAF) values >1000. Stable nitrogen isotope (δ15N) analysis showed that Cd underwent biomagnification in mollusks, but was significantly bio-diluted with increasing trophic level among other marine organisms. In general, Cd contamination levels were low in the JZB's seawater and sediment, and fish was estimated to be certainly polluted due to strict safety limitations on seafood in China. Current Cd residues mean that few aquatic species (<< 5%) would be affected by acute exposure, and ~ 10% of the species would be affected by chronic exposure. Based on target hazard quotients (THQ) and estimated weekly intakes (EWIs), urban residents around the JZB would experience higher health risks in comparison with rural residents due to higher seafood consumption rates, especially from mollusk consumption. Therefore, urban households in the area should increase their fish consumption rate and reduce that of mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zongxing Wang
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Xin Ming
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Pan Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchang He
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Baodong Wang
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
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Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Environmental Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Industrial Wastewater of China during 1999-2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115920. [PMID: 34072962 PMCID: PMC8198737 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental health risk caused by heavy metals in industrial wastewater (EHR-IHM) has become a serious issue globally, especially for China. Given the spatial difference of heavy metal emissions, hydrogeography, population distribution, etc., it is essential to estimate China's EHR-IHM from a high-resolution perspective. Based on the framework of USEtox, this study constructs an environmental health risk assessment method for heavy metals discharged from industrial wastewater by coupling the Pollutant Accumulation Model (PAM). This method also considers the process of heavy metal flows between upstream and downstream areas. Based on this constructed method, we investigate the spatio-temporal distribution of EHR-IHM of As, Cd, Cr(VI), Hg, and Pb in China from 1999 to 2018. Results showed that the EHR-IHM in China increased rapidly during 1999-2007 and decreased gradually during 2007-2018, with the highest Damage Level (DL) of 6.8 × 104 disability-adjusted life years (DALY). As and Cr(VI) were the major heavy metal pollutants, which induced 58.9-70.6% and 23.9-36.2% of the total EHR-IHM, respectively. Intake of aquatic products was the dominant exposure route, accounting for over 84.1% of national EHR-IHM, followed by drinking water intake, accounting for 9.5-15.8%. Regarding spatial distribution, the regions with high EHR-IHM are mainly distributed in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, southeast coastal cities, Bohai Rim, etc.
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Identification Sources and High-Risk Areas of Sediment Heavy Metals in the Yellow River by Geographical Detector Method. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the key influencing factors, risk areas, and source pathways of heavy metals in the sediment of the Yellow River, 37 samples were collected in the surface sediment (0–5 cm) of the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River main stream for the determination of heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Based on the geographical detector model (GDM) and ArcGIS 10.2 software, this paper selected 6 heavy metals and 15 influencing factors, including 8 natural factors and 7 anthropogenic factors, to detect key influencing factors, risk areas, and sources of heavy metals. The results showed that: (1) The average contents of heavy metals Cr and Cd in the sediments exceeded the average value in soil, the world average concentration in the shales, and the first-level standard of soil environmental quality in China, and they were the main risk metals; (2) Vegetation coverage (VC) was the largest influencing factor for the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the sediment, followed by per capita income (PI), and land use type (LUT) and road network density (RD) were smaller influencing factors. The interactions of the factors were enhanced; (3) The Wuhai section for a risk area was mainly polluted by Cd and Pb, which were caused by atmospheric deposition and industrial emission. The Baotou section for a risk area was mainly polluted by Cr, which mainly originated from river transportation and industrial discharge. The conclusions can provide a scientific basis for the environmental protection and management of the different areas in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River.
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Lin Y, Yu X, Huang L, Sanganyado E, Bi R, Li P, Liu W. Risk assessment of potentially toxic elements accumulated in fish to Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins in the South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143256. [PMID: 33172644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) reside in shallow coastal waters where they are exposed to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) through dietary intake. We quantitatively assessed the risk posed by eight PTEs to the health of S. chinensis by determining their concentration in 13 fish species. The fish species represented the primary prey of S. chinensis in the South China Sea. Zn and Mn were the most dominant elements in fish at all sampling locations with concentrations ranges of 19.93-67.63 mg kg -1 dry weight (dw) and 1.52-68.2 mg kg -1 dw, respectively. The highest Zn concentration in fish was found in Coilia mystus (72.65 mg kg-1 dw) followed by Liza carinatus (62.57 mg kg-1 dw). At Jiangmen, Zn concentration was significantly lower in benthopelagic fish than in pelagic fish (p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA), while no significant difference was observed in other metals. The health risk posed by dietary intake assessed using the toxicity reference value showed that PTEs did not significant health risk to S. chinensis. In contrast, the risk quotient (RQ) based on reference doses ranged from 2.17 to 54.63 in prey fish that were contaminated with Zn and Cr indicating a potential health risk to S. chinensis in the South China Sea. The number of PTEs that posed a health risk varied between sites with seven out of eight PTEs above threshold at Jiangmen and six out of eight at Zhanjiang and Qinzhou. This study showed fish niche and location may influence the health risk posed by consumption of PTE-contaminated fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Edmond Sanganyado
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Ran Bi
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Ping Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China.
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Liao J, Qian X, Liu F, Deng S, Lin H, Liu X, Wei C. Multiphase distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metals in typical sandy intertidal zones: insights from solid-liquid partitioning. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111674. [PMID: 33396006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of development and utilization of coastal tidal flats, the desertification of intertidal zone is becoming more and more serious, which will inevitably lead to changes in the distribution and migration of heavy metals. This study reported the multiphase distribution and solid-liquid partitioning of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in typical sandy intertidal zones and predicted the migration of heavy metals with stepwise multiple linear regression. The distribution of heavy metals in surface water was comparable with that in pore water, while the content of heavy metals in suspended solids was obviously greater than that in sediments. Compared to non-sandy sediments, the bioavailability state of heavy metals extracted from sandy sediments by diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid was much smaller. The mean partitioning coefficient values (Kd) ranged from 21.56 to 166.18, which were 10-40 times lower than those of organic-rich sediments and 100-750 times lower than those of mineral soils. The dynamics in solid clay, SOC and ORP greatly affected the variations of Kd values. Clay had a significant positive correlation with bioavailability but did not have a significant correlation with logKd, indicating that the adsorption capacity of heavy metals in the intertidal zone is not the only factor controlling heavy metal migration. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that the prediction equations of heavy metals are composed of multiple physicochemical factors. All predicted and tested values were of the same order of magnitude, with R2 values ranging from 0.8223 to 0.9775. Although our data focus on a single species of sandy intertidal zone, characterizing the Kd value and its relationship with site-specific factors provides different tools for assessing the probability of heavy metal contamination and migration in sandy intertidal zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
| | - Xiao Qian
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Sheng Deng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, PR China.
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Ma QL, Yao LA, Guo QW, Zhou GJ, Liang RC, Fang QL, Xu ZC, Zhao XM. Long-term impact of accidental pollution on the distribution and risks of metals and metalloids in the sediment of the Longjiang River, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1889-1900. [PMID: 32860603 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In January 2012, a serious accident polluted the Longjiang River with high concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and other concomitant metals and metalloids in the water. After emergency treatment (i.e., the addition of coagulants), these metals and metalloids were transferred from the water into the sediment through precipitation of the flocculent materials produced. In this study, the long-term distribution of six metals and metalloids in the sediment of the Longjiang River was investigated and their ecological risks were assessed. Approximately 1 year after the accident (i.e., late 2012), the average Cd content in the sediment of the affected sites decreased to 25.6 ± 19.5 mg/kg, which was 8 times higher than that of 3.16 ± 3.18 mg/kg in the upstream reference sites. In 2016 and 2017, the average Cd content in the sediment of the affected sites further decreased to 4.91 ± 2.23 and 6.27 ± 4.27 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with late 2012, the amounts of Zn, Pb, and Cu obviously decreased in 2016 and 2017, whereas there were no obvious differences in the As and Hg amounts during 3 years considered. Among metals and metalloids, the average contribution of Cd to the potential ecological risk index (RI) was 90%, 69%, and 70% in the affected areas in 2012, 2016, and 2017, respectively, suggesting that Cd was the most important factor affecting the ecological risk of metals in the Longjiang River. It should be noted that the average contribution of Hg to RI in the affected areas increased from 8% in 2012 to 25% and 23% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The sequence of contribution of six elements was Cd > Hg > As>Pb > Cu ≈ Zn. A high ecological risk of metals and metalloids was found in the sediments of two reservoirs, probably owing to the barrier effect of the dam. This study will be useful for the environmental management of rivers affected by accidental pollution of metals and metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Li Ma
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Ling-Ai Yao
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Qing-Wei Guo
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Guang-Jie Zhou
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rong-Chang Liang
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Qiao-Li Fang
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Zhen-Cheng Xu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510535, China.
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Zhang M, Sun X, Xu J. Heavy metal pollution in the East China Sea: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111473. [PMID: 32853847 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, heavy metal (HM) pollution in coastal areas of the East China Sea (ECS) has attracted extensive attention. This article attempts to review recent studies on the temporal and spatial distributions, ecological risks, and possible sources of HMs in typical bays and estuaries of ECS. The levels of HMs are closely related to local economic development and local characteristics. The anthropogenic activities and the particle size of sediments are important factors affecting the distribution of HMs. During the late 1970s to the 1990s, HMs levels in the Yangtze Estuary (YRE) sediments showed an upward tendency due to the increased emissions. However, HMs levels in the early 2000s were lower than that in the late 1970s to the mid-1990s. Cd caused serious pollution and brought potential ecological risks in the Yangtze Estuary, Hangzhou Bay (HZB), Sanmen Bay (SMB), and Quanzhou Bay (QZB). In Fujian province of China, the Quanzhou Bay was heavily polluted by HMs and high contents of HMs were found in biota. Among different species, molluscs in the coastal areas of ECS have the highest levels of HMs exceeding safety limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China; Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Xian Sun
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China.
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39
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Li N, Zhou Y, Liu J, Tsang DCW, Wang J, She J, Zhou Y, Yin M, Chen Z, Chen D. Persistent thallium contamination in river sediments, source apportionment and environmental implications. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110874. [PMID: 32619890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The adverse impacts of detrimental thallium (Tl) contamination are of increasing concerns to sustainable development. Herein, the contents, distributions and sources of Tl and potential toxic elements (PTEs) (Pb, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Sb, Cd and U) were investigated in sediments collected in Gaofeng River, which has been contaminated by long-term mining activities, located in Yunfu City, Southern China. Results indicated that excessive Tl levels were found in sediments (1.80-16.70 mg/kg). Sequential extraction procedure indicated that despite a large amount of Tl entrapped in residual fraction, a significant level of Tl (0.28-2.34 mg/kg) still exhibited in geochemically labile fractions, which was easy for Tl mobilization and availability. Pb isotope tracing method further confirmed that the pyrite exploitations may be the prime contaminated contributor (47-76%) to these sediments. These findings highlight that it is essential to establish more effective measures for Tl contamination control and call for engineered remediation countermeasures towards polluted river sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingye She
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meiling Yin
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zirong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Diyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Wu W, Qu S, Nel W, Ji J. The impact of natural weathering and mining on heavy metal accumulation in the karst areas of the Pearl River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139480. [PMID: 32464386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the heavy metal content in river water, sediment and bedrock in the karst area of the Pearl River Basin in China to evaluate the long-term impact of natural weathering and mining on the ecological environment. The results show that Cd and As is 2-3 times more enriched within the carbonate bedrock of the Pearl River Basin compared to the upper continental crust (UCC), which is indicative of high geological background values. Within the river water of the upper reaches of the Diaojiang River (a tributary of the Pearl River), which flows through the Dachang super-large orefield, Zn, As, Cd and Sb exceeds the environmental quality standards for surface water (WQS) by more than an order of magnitude. Among these, Zn and Cd sharply decreases to within the WQS in the lower reaches of the river, but the content of As and Sb in the estuary is still several times higher than the WQS. Cd in the sediments of the small carbonate watersheds and in the mainstream of the Pearl River only present a low-moderate ecological risk. In contrast, severe heavy metal pollution of the sediments of the Diaojiang River Basin is observed. Even in the lower reaches, remote from the mining area, the content of Pb, Zn, As and Cd in the sediments is still two orders of magnitude higher than the soil background values. The content of both Cd and As presents a very high ecological risk, indicating that under the cumulative effect of high geological background values and mining, full restoration of the ecological environment in the Diaojiang River Basin is a complex and long-term process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Shuyi Qu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Werner Nel
- Dept. of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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Wang Q, Li Q, Lin Y, Hou Y, Deng Z, Liu W, Wang H, Xia Z. Biochemical and genetic basis of cadmium biosorption by Enterobacter ludwigii LY6, isolated from industrial contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114637. [PMID: 32380392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a cadmium-tolerant bacterium, Enterobacter ludwigii LY6, was isolated from cadmium-contaminated soil in Shifang, Sichuan province, China. The cadmium chloride removal rate of the strain LY6 with a treatment of 100 mg/L cadmium chloride reached 56.0%. Scanning electron microscopy showed that exopolysaccharides (EPS) might be the main means of cadmium adsorption by the strain. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that cadmium sulfide nanoparticles formed on the surface of bacteria cultured in a medium containing 100 mg/L cadmium chloride. In addition, the expression of several genes increased with the increase of the cadmium concentration in the medium, including the multiple antibiotic resistance proteins marA and marR, and the cold shock protein CspA. GO functions, such as the redox activity, respiratory chain and transport functions, and KEGG pathways involved in "bacterial chemotaxis" and "terpenoid backbone biosynthesis" were found to be closely related to bacterial cadmium tolerance and biosorption. This is the first report that E. ludwigii can reduce sulfate to form cadmium sulfide nanoparticles under high concentration cadmium exposure. The genes related to cadmium tolerance identified in this study lay a foundation for the genetic breeding of cadmium-tolerant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- QiangFeng Wang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Hou
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyuan Deng
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Sichuan Lanyue Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610207, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - ZhongMei Xia
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China.
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Deng J, Zhang J, Yin H, Hu W, Zhu J, Wang X. Ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of metals in the surface sediments of river systems in Lake Taihu Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:25943-25955. [PMID: 31321716 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg in the surface sediments of 94 sites sampled from six water systems in the Lake Taihu Basin in China were measured, and the pollution risks and sources of the metals were identified. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg in the riverine surface sediments were 163.6, 102.5, 45.5, 44.7, 37.0, 13.3, 0.5, and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively, higher than the corresponding background values (except for Hg). According to the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), the Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd concentrations in the riverine surface sediments were generally at low levels of pollution. Based on a pollution load index (PLI) evaluation, the Pb, Ni, Zn, and Cu concentrations in the riverine surface sediments were generally at moderate levels of pollution. According to the thresholds of potential ecological risk, the Cd and Hg concentrations in the riverine surface sediments exhibited moderate potential ecological risks. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the Pb in the riverine surface sediments primarily originated from domestic sewage, agricultural wastewater discharge, and petroleum combustion; the concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Zn were influenced by the electroplating and alloy manufacturing industries; the concentrations of Cu and As mainly originated from pesticide use and industrial wastewater discharge; and those of Cd and Hg primarily stemmed from industrial wastewater discharge. This research provides information regarding metallic contamination and the possible associated ecological risks to benthic organisms in the surface sediments of river systems and is useful for developing sustainable strategies for environmental pollution control and management in the Lake Taihu Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jinge Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Abstract
Given the high surface reactivity of clay minerals, it is assumed that flocculation will lead to metal accumulation in marginal marine settings. However, the degree of metal sorption to clays is impacted by solution pH and ionic strength, and it remains unknown whether riverine clays indeed serve as a metal sink once they encounter seawater where pH and ionic strength markedly increase. Here, we conducted cadmium (Cd) adsorption experiments to three types of common clay minerals – kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite. We found that 20–30% of Cd from illite and montmorillonite surfaces were desorbed when transitioning from freshwater to seawater pH and ionic strength conditions, while kaolinite showed no discernible differences. Synchrotron X-ray adsorption spectroscopy confirmed that Cd release corresponded to a change in bonding from outer- to inner-sphere complexes when clays encountered seawater pH and ionic strength conditions. If other trace nutrients (such as Cu, Zn, Co) adsorbed onto riverine clay minerals behave in a similar manner to Cd, we speculate that their desorption in marginal marine settings should exert a significant impact on the productivity of the biosphere.
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Wang J, Jiang Y, Sun J, She J, Yin M, Fang F, Xiao T, Song G, Liu J. Geochemical transfer of cadmium in river sediments near a lead-zinc smelter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110529. [PMID: 32247240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element and non-essential to human. Herein, the source and fate of Cd were examined in a typical sediment profile from the North River, South China, which was affected by the massive Pb-Zn smelting activities for decades. An exceptionally high enrichment of Cd, 107-441 mg/kg, was observed across the whole profile. Approximately 50-75% of Cd was retained in the weak acid soluble fraction. Risk assessment based on geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (Eri), bioavailable metal index (BMI) and toxic risk index (TRI) further indicated an extremely strong degree of potential ecological pollution and high toxic risks. The mineralogical composition of particles from the sediment profile exhibited the presence of pyrite, magnetite, wurtzite and greenockite. This further confirmed that Cd was migrated from smelting slags to the North River basin and enriched in sediment profile. Sediment Cd speciation analysis also implied a possible transformation of Cd from metal oxides in smelting slags to adsorbed phases and carbonates, which enhances the bioavailability of Cd. The findings indicate proper countermeasures or remediation approaches should be promptly taken towards high ecological risks of Cd arising from the depth profile extending nearly 1 m, due to lead-zinc smelting related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jingye She
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiling Yin
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fa Fang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gang Song
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Park K, Kwak IS. Cadmium-induced developmental alteration and upregulation of serine-type endopeptidase transcripts in wild freshwater populations of Chironomus plumosus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110240. [PMID: 32014723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, is a persistent environmental contaminant with irreversible toxicity to aquatic organisms. Chironomus plumosus, a natural species, is the largest sediment-burrowing aquatic midge in freshwater environments. In this study, we evaluated developmental defects in C. plumosus resulting from Cd exposure. In C. plumosus larvae, Cd exposure induced decreased survival and growth rates, reduction of emergence rate and sex ratio, and delayed emergence, as well as elevating the incidence of split tooth deformities. To identify potential biomarker genes to assess environmental pollutants such as Cd, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in C. plumosus exposed to various Cd concentrations. Among fourteen characterized DEGs, serine-type endopeptidase (SP) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) genes exhibited significant upregulation in C. plumosus larvae after Cd exposure. Therefore, we evaluated SP and HSP70 responses in natural C. plumosus populations collected from three sites of a Korean river and analyzed their correlations with eighteen environmental quality characteristics using principal component analysis. The highest expression of SP and HSP70 transcripts was observed in C. plumosus populations from Yeosu in Korea, which has high concentrations of polluting heavy metals. SP transcript expression was positively correlated with concentrations of Cd, Pb, Al, Fe, NO2, and NO3. These results suggested that environmental pollutants such as Cd can impair proteolytic activity in the digestive system of C. plumosus and may ultimately induce developmental alterations. We therefore suggest SP as a potential biomarker to assess the effects of environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea; Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 550-749, South Korea.
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Gong Y, Chai M, Ding H, Shi C, Wang Y, Li R. Bioaccumulation and human health risk of shellfish contamination to heavy metals and As in most rapid urbanized Shenzhen, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2096-2106. [PMID: 31773527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the benefits of shellfish consumption, the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in shellfish can endanger consumer's health. The consumption of seafood in Shenzhen (a fast-developing metropolis in China) has received more and more attention. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in ten common shellfish species and associated health risks were analyzed for Shenzhen's consumers by evaluating estimated weekly intake (EWI), non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to children, adolescents, and adults. In this study, 50 shellfish samples were collected in total. The results showed that the levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in Babylonia areolata exceeded the maximum permissible limit set by the food safety guidelines (0.5 mg/kg), while other elements were below the limit in the present guidelines (Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, GB 2762-2012). EWI values of children, adolescents, and adults were all lower than provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) of all shellfish species. The analysis of total target hazard quotients (TTHQ) showed that the ingested B. areolata in children, adolescents, and adults were all at non-carcinogenic risks; the consumption of Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri would pose non-carcinogenic risks for children only. In all age groups, the consumption of A. irradians, B. areolata, C. farreri, and Crassostrea ariakensis would lead to lifetime cancer risk due to Cd bioaccumulation, with toxicity of Pb and iAs to be acceptable and negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gong
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Minwei Chai
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Shi
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruili Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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Yuan K, Chen X, Chen P, Huang Y, Jiang J, Luan T, Chen B, Wang X. Mercury methylation-related microbes and genes in the sediments of the Pearl River Estuary and the South China Sea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 185:109722. [PMID: 31577991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxicant that mainly originates from in situ microbial methylation of inorganic mercury (Hg) in the environment and poses a severe health risk to the public. However, the characteristics of the Hg-methylating microbial community and its relationship with MeHg production in various environments remain to be understood. In the present study, Hg-methylating microbial communities and genes (hgcAB cluster) in the sediments of the Pearl River (PR), Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and South China Sea (SCS) were investigated at a large spatial scale using high-throughput sequencing-based approaches. The results showed that sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) and iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) were consistently the dominant microbial strains responsible for the methylation of inorganic Hg in all three regions investigated. The abundance and diversity of Hg-methylating communities and genes were both found to be higher in the PR sediments compared to that in the PRE and SCS sediments, and in good agreement with the spatial distribution of MeHg. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the MeHg concentration and the abundance of both hgcA and hgcB genes in the sediments of the PR, PRE and SCS regions. Overall, the present study suggested that there was the presence of a close link between MeHg and Hg-methylating communities or genes in the ambient aquatic environment, which could be used to reflect the potential of in situ MeHg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yuan
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Baowei Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
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