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Lee HB, Shams S, Dang Thi VH, Boyum GE, Modhurima R, Hall EM, Green IK, Cervantes EM, Miguez FE, Clark KJ. Key HPI axis receptors facilitate light adaptive behavior in larval zebrafish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7759. [PMID: 38565594 PMCID: PMC10987622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate stress response (SR) is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and contributes to generating context appropriate physiological and behavioral changes. Although the HPA axis plays vital roles both in stressful and basal conditions, research has focused on the response under stress. To understand broader roles of the HPA axis in a changing environment, we characterized an adaptive behavior of larval zebrafish during ambient illumination changes. Genetic abrogation of glucocorticoid receptor (nr3c1) decreased basal locomotor activity in light and darkness. Some key HPI axis receptors (mc2r [ACTH receptor], nr3c1), but not nr3c2 (mineralocorticoid receptor), were required to adapt to light more efficiently but became dispensable when longer illumination was provided. Such light adaptation was more efficient in dimmer light. Our findings show that the HPI axis contributes to the SR, facilitating the phasic response and maintaining an adapted basal state, and that certain adaptations occur without HPI axis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han B Lee
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Soaleha Shams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Viet Ha Dang Thi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Grace E Boyum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rodsy Modhurima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Emma M Hall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Izzabella K Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Karl J Clark
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Rodríguez FM, Huber E, Cattaneo Moreyra ML, Amweg AN, Notaro US, Recce S, Ormaechea N, Ortega HH, Salvetti NR, Rey F. Association of glucocorticoid receptor expression with key members of the insulin signaling pathway and heat shock proteins in the bovine ovary. Theriogenology 2023; 211:241-247. [PMID: 37677868 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) act through their receptor (GR) as regulators in different biological processes such as reproduction. In the absence of GCs, the GR remains inactive in the cytoplasm by associating with heat shock proteins (HSPs), which act as molecular chaperones, among which the most relevant are HSP90 and HSP70. Cytoplasmic GC-activated GR mediates non-genomic effects, interacting with members of signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, which participates in several metabolic processes, including the insulin signaling pathway. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible associations between the cytoplasmic GR and the main intermediates of the insulin signaling pathway and HSP90 and HSP70 in ovaries of dairy cows. To this end, the protein expression of cytoplasmic GR, key members of the insulin signaling pathway, and HSPs was evaluated in ovarian preovulatory follicles of non-lactating Holstein cows in proestrus. Positive associations were observed between protein expression of GR and HSP90, IRS1, pIRS1, PI3K and pAkt (p < 0.05; β > 0) in granulosa cells of dominant follicles of dairy cows. Instead, in theca cells, no associations were observed between protein expression of GR and members of the insulin signaling pathway or HSPs. These data provide evidence of the possible association between the non-genomic mechanisms of action of the GR and the insulin signaling pathway in the bovine ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E Huber
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M L Cattaneo Moreyra
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A N Amweg
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - U S Notaro
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - S Recce
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - N Ormaechea
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - H H Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - N R Salvetti
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - F Rey
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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3
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Shahanoor Z, Sultana R, Savenkova M, Karatsoreos IN, Romeo RD. Metabolic dysfunctions following chronic oral corticosterone are modified by adolescence and sex in mice. Physiol Behav 2023; 269:114289. [PMID: 37422081 PMCID: PMC10530018 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of development in which shifts in responses to glucocorticoids is well-documented. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are substantial health issues whose rates continue to rise in both adult and adolescent populations. Though many interacting factors contribute to these dysfunctions, how these shifts in glucocorticoid responses may be related remain unknown. Using a model of oral corticosterone (CORT) exposure in male and female mice, we demonstrate differential responses during adolescence (30-58 days of age) or adulthood (70-98 day of age) in endpoints relevant to metabolic function. Our data indicate that CORT resulted in significant weight gain in adult- and adolescent-exposed females and adult-exposed males, but not adolescent-exposed males. Despite this difference, all animals treated with high levels of CORT showed significant increases in white adipose tissue, indicating a dissociation between weight gain and adiposity in adolescent-treated males. Similarly, all experimental groups showed significant increases in plasma insulin, leptin, and triglyceride levels, further suggesting potential disconnects between overt weight gain, and underlying metabolic dysregulation. Finally, we found age- and dose-dependent changes in the expression of hepatic genes important in glucocorticoid receptor and lipid regulation, which showed different patterns in males and females. Thus, altered transcriptional pathways in the liver might be contributing differentially to the similar metabolic phenotype observed among these experimental groups. We also show that despite little CORT-induced changes in the hypothalamic levels of orexin-A and NPY, we found that food and fluid intake were elevated in adolescent-treated males and females. These data indicate chronic exposure to elevated glucocorticoid levels results in metabolic dysfunction in both males and females, which can be further modulated by developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziasmin Shahanoor
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, United States
| | - Razia Sultana
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, United States
| | - Marina Savenkova
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Ilia N Karatsoreos
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Russell D Romeo
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, United States.
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4
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Lee H, Shams S, Dang Thi VH, Boyum G, Modhurima R, Hall E, Green I, Cervantes E, Miguez F, Clark K. The canonical HPA axis facilitates and maintains light adaptive behavior. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3240080. [PMID: 37720015 PMCID: PMC10503838 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3240080/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The vertebrate stress response (SR) is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and contributes to generating context appropriate physiological and behavioral changes. Although the HPA axis plays vital roles both in stressful and basal conditions, research has focused on the response under stress. To understand broader roles of the HPA axis in a changing environment, we characterized an adaptive behavior of larval zebrafish during ambient illumination changes. The glucocorticoid receptor (nr3c1) was necessary to maintain basal locomotor activity in light and darkness. The HPA axis was required to adapt to light more efficiently but became dispensable when longer illumination was provided. Light adaptation was more efficient in dimmer light and did not require the mineralocorticoid receptor (nr3c2). Our findings show that the HPA axis contributes to the SR at various stages, facilitating the phasic response and maintaining an adapted basal state, and that certain adaptations occur without HPA axis activity.
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5
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Caratti G, Stifel U, Caratti B, Jamil AJM, Chung KJ, Kiehntopf M, Gräler MH, Blüher M, Rauch A, Tuckermann JP. Glucocorticoid activation of anti-inflammatory macrophages protects against insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2271. [PMID: 37080971 PMCID: PMC10119112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) during obesity is linked to adipose tissue macrophage (ATM)-driven inflammation of adipose tissue. Whether anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids (GCs) at physiological levels modulate IR is unclear. Here, we report that deletion of the GC receptor (GR) in myeloid cells, including macrophages in mice, aggravates obesity-related IR by enhancing adipose tissue inflammation due to decreased anti-inflammatory ATM leading to exaggerated adipose tissue lipolysis and severe hepatic steatosis. In contrast, GR deletion in Kupffer cells alone does not alter IR. Co-culture experiments show that the absence of GR in macrophages directly causes reduced phospho-AKT and glucose uptake in adipocytes, suggesting an important function of GR in ATM. GR-deficient macrophages are refractory to alternative ATM-inducing IL-4 signaling, due to reduced STAT6 chromatin loading and diminished anti-inflammatory enhancer activation. We demonstrate that GR has an important function in macrophages during obesity by limiting adipose tissue inflammation and lipolysis to promote insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Caratti
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37LE, UK
| | - Ulrich Stifel
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bozhena Caratti
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ali J M Jamil
- Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kyoung-Jin Chung
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- SG Sepsis Research Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Rauch
- Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Jan P Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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Protein-caloric restriction induced HPA axis activation and altered the milk composition imprint metabolism of weaned rat offspring. Nutrition 2023; 108:111945. [PMID: 36696704 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal protein-caloric restriction during lactation can malprogram offspring into having a lean phenotype associated with metabolic dysfunction in early life and adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between nutritional stress, maternal behavior and metabolism, milk composition, and offspring parameters. Additionally, we focused on the role of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivation during lactation. METHODS Dams were fed a low-protein diet (4% protein) during the first 2 wk of lactation or a normal-protein diet (20% protein) during all lactation. Analyses of dams, milk, and offspring were conducted on postnatal days (PD) 7, 14, and 21. RESULTS Body weight and food intake decreased in dams, which was associated with reduced fat pad stores and increased corticosterone levels at PD 14. The stressed low-protein diet dams demonstrated alterations in behavior and offspring care. Despite nutritional deprivation, dams adapted their metabolism to provide adequate energy supply through milk; however, we demonstrated elevated corticosterone and total fat levels in milk at PD 14. Male offspring also showed increased corticosterone at PD 7, associated with a lean phenotype and alterations in white and brown adipose tissue morphology at PD 21. CONCLUSION Exposure to protein-caloric restriction diet of dams during lactation increased the glucocorticoid levels in dams, milk, and offspring, which is associated with alterations in maternal behavior and milk composition. Thus, glucocorticoids and milk composition may play an important role in metabolic programming induced by maternal undernutrition.
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Deveci O, Karaca Z, Tanriverdi F, Deveci K, Hacioglu A, Unluhizarci K, Kelestimur F. Prediabetes and mild hepatosteatosis are associated with blunted cortisol response to glucagon but not to growth hormone. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2022; 84:254-259. [PMID: 36493869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is a close relationship between cortisol and growth hormone (GH) levels, glucose intolerance and hepatosteatosis, changes in GH and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were not previously studied in prediabetes. The main purpose of the present study was to assess changes in GH and HPA axis and their relationship with hepatosteatosis in prediabetic patients. METHODS Forty prediabetic patients, with body-mass index (BMI) 25-35kg/m2, and 23 healthy individuals, with normal glucose tolerance and similar age and BMI, were included. The 75g oral glucose tolerance test and glucagon stimulation test (GST) were used. RESULTS No significant differences were detected between prediabetic patients and healthy individuals in terms of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGF-1/IGFBP3 ratio or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). GH responses to GST did not differ between groups. On the other hand, peak cortisol and area under the curve (AUC) (cortisol) response on GST were significantly lower in prediabetic patients. Both peak GH and AUC (GH) response on GST correlated negatively with waist circumference and body weight. The degree of hepatosteatosis correlated negatively with peak cortisol, GH, AUC (cortisol) and AUC (GH) response on GST. CONCLUSION Cortisol response to GST is decreased in prediabetic patients, with relatively well conserved GH response. This suggests altered HPA axis responsiveness in prediabetes, as is known in diabetes. Thus, HPA axis changes in patients with diabetes probably start before the development of diabetes as such.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Deveci
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Internal Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuleyha Karaca
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Tanriverdi
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kamil Deveci
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Internal Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysa Hacioglu
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kursad Unluhizarci
- Erciyes University Medical School Department of Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fahrettin Kelestimur
- Yeditepe University Medical School Department of Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Sideromenos S, Nikou M, Czuczu B, Thalheimer N, Gundacker A, Horvath O, Cuenca Rico L, Stöhrmann P, Niello M, Partonen T, Pollak DD. The metabolic regulator USF-1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:497. [PMID: 36450713 PMCID: PMC9712601 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate a bidirectional association between metabolic disturbances, including obesity and related pathological states, and mood disorders, most prominently major depression. However, the biological mechanisms mediating the comorbid relationship between the deranged metabolic and mood states remain incompletely understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the enhanced activation of brown fat tissue (BAT), known to beneficially regulate obesity and accompanying dysfunctional metabolic states, is also paralleled by an alteration of affective behaviour. We used upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF-1) knock-out (KO) mice as a genetic model of constitutively activated BAT and positive cardiometabolic traits and found a reduction of depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours associated with USF-1 deficiency. Surgical removal of interscapular BAT did not impact the behavioural phenotype of USF-1 KO mice. Further, the absence of USF-1 did not lead to alterations of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, or survival. RNA-seq analysis characterised the molecular signature of USF-1 deficiency in the hippocampus and revealed a significant increase in the expression of several members of the X-linked lymphocyte-regulated (xlr) genes, including xlr3b and xlr4b. Xlr genes are the mouse orthologues of the human FAM9 gene family and are implicated in the regulation of dendritic branching, dendritic spine number and morphology. The transcriptional changes were associated with morphological alterations in hippocampal neurons, manifested in reduced dendritic length and complexity in USF-1 KO mice. Collectively these data suggest that the metabolic regulator USF-1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice and that this modulation of mood states is unrelated to USF-1-dependent BAT activation, but reflected in structural changes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Sideromenos
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Nikou
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Czuczu
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolas Thalheimer
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Gundacker
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orsolya Horvath
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Cuenca Rico
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Stöhrmann
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Niello
- Institute for Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timo Partonen
- Mental Health Team, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniela D Pollak
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Wang X, Tang M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Mao J, Deng Q, Li S, Jia Z, Du L. Dexamethasone enhances glucose uptake by SGLT1 and GLUT1 and boosts ATP generation through the PPP-TCA cycle in bovine neutrophils. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e76. [PMID: 36174980 PMCID: PMC9523333 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical dexamethasone (DEX) treatment or stress in bovines results in extensive physiological changes with prominent hyperglycemia and neutrophils dysfunction. Objectives To elucidate the effects of DEX treatment in vivo on cellular energy status and the underlying mechanism in circulating neutrophils. Methods We selected eight-month-old male bovines and injected DEX for 3 consecutive days (1 time/d). The levels of glucose, total protein (TP), total cholesterol (TC), and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in blood were examined, and we then detected glycogen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, phosphofructosekinase-1 (PFK1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, glucose transporter (GLUT)1, GLUT4, sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT)1 and citrate synthase (CS) protein expression and autophagy levels in circulating neutrophils. Results DEX injection markedly increased blood glucose, TP and TC levels, the Ca2+/P5+ ratio and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and significantly decreased blood IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Particularly in neutrophils, DEX injection inhibited p65-NFκB activation and elevated glycogen and ATP contents and SGLT1, GLUT1 and GR expression while inhibiting PFK1 activity, enhancing G6PDH activity and CS expression and lowering cell autophagy levels. Conclusions DEX induced neutrophils glucose uptake by enhancing SGLT1 and GLUT1 expression and the transformation of energy metabolism from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This finding gives us a new perspective on deeper understanding of clinical anti-inflammatory effects of DEX on bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yansong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jingdong Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shusen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Zhenwei Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Liyin Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.
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10
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Age and sex influence the response in lipid metabolism of dehydrated Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9164. [PMID: 35655069 PMCID: PMC9163080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated a decrease in thirst sensation, which makes old people more susceptible to dehydration. Dehydration produces energy metabolism alterations. Our objective was to determinate the effect of water deprivation (WD) in the lipid metabolism of old male and female rats. Here we show that in the state of WD, aging and sex alters retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (R-WAT) weight of rats, WD old female rats had more lipolysis products than old male rats, a sexual dimorphism in the hormonal response related with metabolism of the adipose tissue of old rats during WD, the expression of P-para mRNA in R-WAT did not present any alteration in animals submitted to WD, the expression of Aqp7 mRNA in R-WAT is altered by WD, age, and sex. Also, WD stimulated an increase in the plasma concentration of oxytocin and the expression of mRNA of the oxytocin receptors in R-WAT.
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11
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Marousez L, Tran L, Micours E, De Lamballerie M, Gottrand F, Pierrat V, Eberlé D, Ley D, Lesage J. Metabolic hormones in human breast milk are preserved by high hydrostatic pressure processing but reduced by Holder pasteurization. Food Chem 2022; 377:131957. [PMID: 34990954 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In human milk banks (HMBs), donor milk (DM) is commonly sterilized by Holder pasteurization (HoP). High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing is an innovative, alternative method for DM sterilization. We evaluated the impact of HHP processing on the concentration of seven metabolic milk hormones. Eight samples of raw DM were aliquoted. One aliquot was sterilized by HoP (62 °C for 30 min), and another was processed by HHP (350 MPa at 38 °C). Compared with raw DM, HoP milk displayed reduced concentrations of insulin, nesfatin-1, cortisol, leptin, apelin and GLP-1, though adiponectin levels were unchanged. HHP processing maintained the levels of insulin, nesfatin-1, cortisol and leptin at their initial levels in raw DM, reduced apelin and adiponectin levels, but increased GLP-1 level. Sterilization of DM by HHP thus preserves the main metabolic hormones in human milk, underlining the interest of this method for use in HMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Marousez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Léa Tran
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Edwina Micours
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Véronique Pierrat
- CHU Lille, Department of Neonatal Medicine, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Eberlé
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, UMR1011 - Nuclear Receptors, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Ley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Lesage
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France.
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12
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Herman JP. The neuroendocrinology of stress: Glucocorticoid signaling mechanisms. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 137:105641. [PMID: 34954409 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid signaling plays major roles in energy homeostasis and adaptation to adversity, and dysregulation of this process is linked to systemic and psychological pathology. Over the last several decades, new work has challenged many of the long-standing assumptions regarding regulation of glucocorticoid secretion and glucocorticoid signaling mechanisms, revealing an exquisite complexity that accompanies the important and perhaps global role of these hormones in physiological and psychological regulation. New findings have included discovery of membrane signaling, direct neural control of the adrenal, a role for pulsatile glucocorticoid release in glucocorticoid receptor signaling, marked sex differences in brain glucocorticoid biology, and salutary as well as deleterious roles for glucocorticoids in long- and short-term adaptations to stress. This review covers some of the major lessons learned in the area of mechanisms of glucocorticoid signaling, and discusses how these may inform the field moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Herman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center, USA
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13
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Vanderhaeghen T, Timmermans S, Watts D, Paakinaho V, Eggermont M, Vandewalle J, Wallaeys C, Van Wyngene L, Van Looveren K, Nuyttens L, Dewaele S, Vanden Berghe J, Lemeire K, De Backer J, Dirkx L, Vanden Berghe W, Caljon G, Ghesquière B, De Bosscher K, Wielockx B, Palvimo JJ, Beyaert R, Libert C. Reprogramming of glucocorticoid receptor function by hypoxia. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53083. [PMID: 34699114 PMCID: PMC8728616 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigate the impact of hypoxia on the hepatic response of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to dexamethasone (DEX) in mice via RNA-sequencing. Hypoxia causes three types of reprogramming of GR: (i) much weaker induction of classical GR-responsive genes by DEX in hypoxia, (ii) a number of genes is induced by DEX specifically in hypoxia, and (iii) hypoxia induces a group of genes via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Transcriptional profiles are reflected by changed GR DNA-binding as measured by ChIP sequencing. The HPA axis is induced by hypothalamic HIF1α and HIF2α activation and leads to GR-dependent lipolysis and ketogenesis. Acute inflammation, induced by lipopolysaccharide, is prevented by DEX in normoxia but not during hypoxia, and this is attributed to HPA axis activation by hypoxia. We unfold new physiological pathways that have consequences for patients suffering from GC resistance.
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14
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MacLeod KJ, While GM, Uller T. Viviparous mothers impose stronger glucocorticoid-mediated maternal stress effects on their offspring than oviparous mothers. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17238-17259. [PMID: 34938505 PMCID: PMC8668768 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal stress during gestation has the potential to affect offspring development via changes in maternal physiology, such as increases in circulating levels of glucocorticoid hormones that are typical after exposure to a stressor. While the effects of elevated maternal glucocorticoids on offspring phenotype (i.e., "glucocorticoid-mediated maternal effects") have been relatively well established in laboratory studies, it remains poorly understood how strong and consistent such effects are in natural populations. Using a meta-analysis of studies of wild mammals, birds, and reptiles, we investigate the evidence for effects of elevated maternal glucocorticoids on offspring phenotype and investigate key moderators that might influence the strength and direction of these effects. In particular, we investigate the potential importance of reproductive mode (viviparity vs. oviparity). We show that glucocorticoid-mediated maternal effects are stronger, and likely more deleterious, in mammals and viviparous squamate reptiles compared with birds, turtles, and oviparous squamates. No other moderators (timing and type of manipulation, age at offspring measurement, or type of trait measured) were significant predictors of the strength or direction of the phenotypic effects on offspring. These results provide evidence that the evolution of a prolonged physiological association between embryo and mother sets the stage for maladaptive, or adaptive, prenatal stress effects in vertebrates driven by glucocorticoid elevation.
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15
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Nemoto T, Kakinuma Y. Prenatal and Postnatal Methyl-Modulator Intervention Corrects the Stress-Induced Glucocorticoid Response in Low-Birthweight Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189767. [PMID: 34575930 PMCID: PMC8466429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low body weight at birth has been shown to be a risk factor for future metabolic disorders, as well as stress response abnormalities and depression. We showed that low-birthweight rats had prolonged high blood corticosterone levels after stress exposure, and that an increase in Gas5 lncRNA, a decoy receptor for glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), reduces glucocorticoid responsiveness. Thus, we concluded that dampened pituitary glucocorticoid responsiveness disturbed the glucocorticoid feedback loop in low-birthweight rats. However, it remains unclear whether such glucocorticoid responsiveness is suppressed solely in the pituitary or systemically. The expression of Gas5 lncRNA increased only in the pituitary, and the intact induction of expression of the GR co-chaperone factor Fkbp5 against dexamethasone was seen in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Intervention with a methyl-modulator diet (folate, VB12, choline, betaine, and zinc) immediately before or one week after delivery reversed the expression level of Gas5 lncRNA in the pituitary of the offspring. Consequently, it partially normalized the blood corticosterone levels after restraint stress exposure. In conclusion, the mode of glucocorticoid response in low-birthweight rats is impaired solely in the pituitary, and intervention with methyl-modulators ameliorates the impairment, but with a narrow therapeutic time window.
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16
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Yoshikawa N, Oda A, Yamazaki H, Yamamoto M, Kuribara-Souta A, Uehara M, Tanaka H. The Influence of Glucocorticoid Receptor on Sex Differences of Gene Expression Profile in Skeletal Muscle. Endocr Res 2021; 46:99-113. [PMID: 33590778 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2021.1884874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle functions as a locomotory system and maintains whole-body metabolism. Sex differences in such skeletal muscle morphology and function have been documented; however, their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Glucocorticoids are adrenocortical hormones maintaining homeostasis, including regulating whole-body energy metabolism in addition to stress response. In skeletal muscle, glucocorticoids can reduce the synthesis of muscle proteins and simultaneously accelerate the breakdown of proteins to regulate skeletal muscle mass and energy metabolism via a transcription factor glucocorticoid receptor (GR). We herein evaluated the related contributions of the GR to sex differences of gene expression profiles in skeletal muscle using GR-floxed (GRf/f) and skeletal muscle-specific GR knockout (GRmKO) mice. There were no differences in GR mRNA and protein expression levels in gastrocnemius muscle between males and females. A DNA microarray analysis using gastrocnemius muscle from GRf/f and GRmKO mice revealed that, although most gene expression levels were identical in both sexes, genes related to cholesterol and apolipoprotein synthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis and the immunological system were predominantly expressed in males and females, respectively, in GRf/f but not in GRmKO mice. Moreover, many genes were up-regulated in response to starvation in GRf/f but not in GRmKO mice, many of which were sex-independent and functioned to maintain homeostasis, while genes that showed sex dominance related to a variety of functions. Although the genes expressed in skeletal muscle may be predominantly sex-independent, sex-dominant genes may relate to sex differences in energy metabolism and the immune system and could be controlled by the GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritada Yoshikawa
- Division of Rheumatology, Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo;, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Oda
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamazaki
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohisa Yamamoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo;, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuribara-Souta
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Uehara
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Tanaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo;, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Vanderhaeghen T, Beyaert R, Libert C. Bidirectional Crosstalk Between Hypoxia Inducible Factors and Glucocorticoid Signalling in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684085. [PMID: 34149725 PMCID: PMC8211996 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced (GC) and hypoxia-induced transcriptional responses play an important role in tissue homeostasis and in the regulation of cellular responses to stress and inflammation. Evidence exists that there is an important crosstalk between both GC and hypoxia effects. Hypoxia is a pathophysiological condition to which cells respond quickly in order to prevent metabolic shutdown and death. The hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are the master regulators of oxygen homeostasis and are responsible for the ability of cells to cope with low oxygen levels. Maladaptive responses of HIFs contribute to a variety of pathological conditions including acute mountain sickness (AMS), inflammation and neonatal hypoxia-induced brain injury. Synthetic GCs which are analogous to the naturally occurring steroid hormones (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents), have been used for decades as anti-inflammatory drugs for treating pathological conditions which are linked to hypoxia (i.e. asthma, ischemic injury). In this review, we investigate the crosstalk between the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and HIFs. We discuss possible mechanisms by which GR and HIF influence one another, in vitro and in vivo, and the therapeutic effects of GCs on HIF-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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18
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Wu L, Jiao Y, Li Y, Jiang J, Zhao L, Li M, Li B, Yan Z, Chen X, Li X, Lu Y. Hepatic Gadd45β promotes hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance through DNA demethylation of PGC-1α. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201475. [PMID: 33688917 PMCID: PMC7953268 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although widely used for their potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, the prescription of glucocorticoid analogues (e.g., dexamethasone) has been associated with deleterious glucose metabolism, compromising their long-term therapeutic use. However, the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In the present study, through transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis of two mouse models, we identified a growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible β (Gadd45β)-dependent pathway that stimulates hepatic glucose production (HGP). Functional studies showed that overexpression of Gadd45β in vivo or in cultured hepatocytes activates gluconeogenesis and increases HGP. In contrast, liver-specific Gadd45β-knockout mice were resistant to high-fat diet- or steroid-induced hyperglycemia. Of pathophysiological significance, hepatic Gadd45β expression is up-regulated in several mouse models of obesity and diabetic patients. Mechanistically, Gadd45β promotes DNA demethylation of PGC-1α promoter in conjunction with TET1, thereby stimulating PGC-1α expression to promote gluconeogenesis and hyperglycemia. Collectively, these findings unveil an epigenomic signature involving Gadd45β/TET1/DNA demethylation in hepatic glucose metabolism, enabling the identification of pathogenic factors in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghui Li
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Repression of transcription by the glucocorticoid receptor: A parsimonious model for the genomics era. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100687. [PMID: 33891947 PMCID: PMC8141881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs that are used to treat an extraordinary range of human disease, including COVID-19, underscoring the ongoing importance of understanding their molecular mechanisms. Early studies of GR signaling led to broad acceptance of models in which glucocorticoid receptor (GR) monomers tether repressively to inflammatory transcription factors, thus abrogating inflammatory gene expression. However, newer data challenge this core concept and present an exciting opportunity to reframe our understanding of GR signaling. Here, we present an alternate, two-part model for transcriptional repression by glucocorticoids. First, widespread GR-mediated induction of transcription results in rapid, primary repression of inflammatory gene transcription and associated enhancers through competition-based mechanisms. Second, a subset of GR-induced genes, including targets that are regulated in coordination with inflammatory transcription factors such as NF-κB, exerts secondary repressive effects on inflammatory gene expression. Within this framework, emerging data indicate that the gene set regulated through the cooperative convergence of GR and NF-κB signaling is central to the broad clinical effectiveness of glucocorticoids in terminating inflammation and promoting tissue repair.
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20
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Torres-López L, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Overcoming Glucocorticoid Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Repurposed Drugs Can Improve the Protocol. Front Oncol 2021; 11:617937. [PMID: 33777761 PMCID: PMC7991804 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.617937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a central component of multi-drug treatment protocols against T and B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which are used intensively during the remission induction to rapidly eliminate the leukemic blasts. The primary response to GCs predicts the overall response to treatment and clinical outcome. In this review, we have critically analyzed the available data on the effects of GCs on sensitive and resistant leukemic cells, in order to reveal the mechanisms of GC resistance and how these mechanisms may determine a poor outcome in ALL. Apart of the GC resistance, associated with a decreased expression of receptors to GCs, there are several additional mechanisms, triggered by alterations of different signaling pathways, which cause the metabolic reprogramming, with an enhanced level of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis resistance, and multidrug resistance. Due to all this, the GC-resistant ALL show a poor sensitivity to conventional chemotherapeutic protocols. We propose pharmacological strategies that can trigger alternative intracellular pathways to revert or overcome GC resistance. Specifically, we focused our search on drugs, which are already approved for treatment of other diseases and demonstrated anti-ALL effects in experimental pre-clinical models. Among them are some “truly” re-purposed drugs, which have different targets in ALL as compared to other diseases: cannabidiol, which targets mitochondria and causes the mitochondrial permeability transition-driven necrosis, tamoxifen, which induces autophagy and cell death, and reverts GC resistance through the mechanisms independent of nuclear estrogen receptors (“off-target effects”), antibiotic tigecycline, which inhibits mitochondrial respiration, causing energy crisis and cell death, and some anthelmintic drugs. Additionally, we have listed compounds that show a classical mechanism of action in ALL but are not used still in treatment protocols: the BH3 mimetic venetoclax, which inhibits the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, the hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine, which restores the expression of the pro-apoptotic BIM, and compounds targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis. Accordingly, these drugs may be considered for the inclusion into chemotherapeutic protocols for GC-resistant ALL treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Liliana Torres-López
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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21
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Chen TC, Kuo T, Dandan M, Lee RA, Chang M, Villivalam SD, Liao SC, Costello D, Shankaran M, Mohammed H, Kang S, Hellerstein MK, Wang JC. The role of striated muscle Pik3r1 in glucose and protein metabolism following chronic glucocorticoid exposure. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100395. [PMID: 33567340 PMCID: PMC8010618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic glucocorticoid exposure causes insulin resistance and muscle atrophy in skeletal muscle. We previously identified phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (Pik3r1) as a primary target gene of skeletal muscle glucocorticoid receptors involved in the glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of insulin action. However, the in vivo functions of Pik3r1 remain unclear. Here, we generated striated muscle-specific Pik3r1 knockout (MKO) mice and treated them with a dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid. Treating wildtype (WT) mice with DEX attenuated insulin activated Akt activity in liver, epididymal white adipose tissue, and gastrocnemius (GA) muscle. This DEX effect was diminished in GA muscle of MKO mice, therefore, resulting in improved glucose and insulin tolerance in DEX-treated MKO mice. Stable isotope labeling techniques revealed that in WT mice, DEX treatment decreased protein fractional synthesis rates in GA muscle. Furthermore, histology showed that in WT mice, DEX treatment reduced GA myotube diameters. In MKO mice, myotube diameters were smaller than in WT mice, and there were more fast oxidative fibers. Importantly, DEX failed to further reduce myotube diameters. Pik3r1 knockout also decreased basal protein synthesis rate (likely caused by lower 4E-BP1 phosphorylation at Thr37/Thr46) and curbed the ability of DEX to attenuate protein synthesis rate. Finally, the ability of DEX to inhibit eIF2α phosphorylation and insulin-induced 4E-BP1 phosphorylation was reduced in MKO mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate the role of Pik3r1 in glucocorticoid-mediated effects on glucose and protein metabolism in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chieh Chen
- Metabolic Biology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Taiyi Kuo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Mohamad Dandan
- Metabolic Biology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Rebecca A Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Maggie Chang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sneha D Villivalam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Szu-Chi Liao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Damian Costello
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Mahalakshmi Shankaran
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Hussein Mohammed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sona Kang
- Metabolic Biology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Marc K Hellerstein
- Metabolic Biology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jen-Chywan Wang
- Metabolic Biology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Endocrinology Graduate Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
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22
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Interorgan Metabolism of Amino Acids in Human Health and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1332:129-149. [PMID: 34251642 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74180-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are integral for human health, influencing an array of physiological processes from gene expression to vasodilation to the immune response. In accordance with this expansive range of unique functions, the tissues of the body engage in a complex interplay of amino acid exchange and metabolism to respond to the organism's dynamic needs for a range of nitrogenous products. Interorgan amino acid metabolism is required for numerous metabolic pathways, including the synthesis of functional amino acids like arginine, glutamate, glutamine, and glycine. This physiological process requires the cooperative handling of amino acids by organs (e.g., the small intestine, skeletal muscle, kidneys, and liver), as well as the complete catabolism of nutritionally essential amino acids such as the BCAAs, with their α-ketoacids shuttled from muscle to liver. These exchanges are made possible by several mechanisms, including organ location, as well as the functional zonation of enzymes and the cell-specific expression of amino acid transporters. The cooperative handling of amino acids between the various organs does not appear to be under the control of any centralized regulation, but is instead influenced by factors such as fluctuations in nutrient availability, hormones, changes associated with development, and altered environmental factors. While the normal function of these pathways is associated with health and homeostasis, affected by physical activity, diet and body composition, dysregulation is observed in numerous disease states, including cardiovascular disease and cancer cachexia, presenting potential avenues for the manipulation of amino acid consumption as part of the therapeutic approach to these conditions in individuals.
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Hernández-Arciga U, Herrera M LG, Königsberg M, Valdez RA, Flores-Martínez JJ, Romano MC. Synergetic effects of immune challenge and stress depress cortisol, inflammatory response and antioxidant activity in fish-eating Myotis. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb234914. [PMID: 33161382 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.234914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common tools in conservation physiology is the assessment of environmental stress via glucocorticoid measurement. However, little is known of its relationship with other stress-related biomarkers, and how the incidence of an immune challenge during long-term stress could affect an individual's overall stress response. We investigated here the relationship between basal and post-acute stress fecal cortisol metabolite (FC) with different antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damage and immune parameters in the fish-eating bat, Myotis vivesi We found that in both basal and post-stress conditions, FC was highly related with a number of antioxidant enzymes and immune parameters, but not to oxidative damage. We also assessed changes of FC through the seasons. Basal FC samples and stress reactivity after short-duration stress displayed similar levels during summer, autumn and early winter, but lower concentrations in late winter. Stress reactivity after long-duration stress was greater in summer and early winter. Finally, we tested the effect of a simultaneous exposure to a long, strong stress stimulus with an immune response stimulation by administrating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) after 42 h. Results showed that when both stimuli were administrated, FC concentrations, inflammation and some antioxidant activity were lowered in comparison with the control and individual administration of the challenges. Our findings support the idea that animals maintain constant basal glucocorticoid levels when living in challenging environments, but response to acute stress differs seasonally and immune defense mechanisms and stress responses might be compromised when confronted with multiple challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulalume Hernández-Arciga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
| | - L Gerardo Herrera M
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, JAL, 48980 Mexico
| | - Mina Königsberg
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
| | - Ricardo A Valdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
| | - José Juan Flores-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
| | - Marta C Romano
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
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24
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Xu X, Chen Y, Zhu D, Zhao T, Xu R, Wang J, Hu L, Shen X. FX5 as a non-steroidal GR antagonist improved glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice via GR/HNF4α/miR-122-5p pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2436-2458. [PMID: 33316780 PMCID: PMC7880398 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by glucose metabolic disorders, and gluconeogenesis inhibiting is a promisingly therapeutic strategy for T2DM. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is tightly implicated in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, although the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here, we discovered that small molecule, 5-chloro-N-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-sulfonamide (FX5) as a new non-steroidal GR antagonist efficiently ameliorated glucose homeostasis in db/db and HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice. The mechanism underlying the suppression of FX5 against gluconeogenesis was highly investigated. FX5 suppressed gluconeogenetic genes G6Pase and PEPCK in mouse primary hepatocytes and liver tissues of T2DM mice. Results of mammalian one-hybrid and transactivation as well as nuclear translocation assays totally evaluated the antagonistic features of FX5 against GR. Moreover, siRNA and overexpression related assays verified that FX5 alleviated gluconeogenesis either directly by antagonizing GR or indirectly through GR/HNF4α/miR122-5p signaling pathway. Our work has presented a new mode for GR antagonist in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, which is expected to highlight the potential of FX5 in the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yidi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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25
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Fructose Consumption Affects Glucocorticoid Signaling in the Liver of Young Female Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113470. [PMID: 33198224 PMCID: PMC7698302 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of early-life fructose consumption on hepatic signaling pathways and their relation to the development of metabolic disorders in later life are not fully understood. To investigate whether fructose overconsumption at a young age induces alterations in glucocorticoid signaling that might contribute to development of metabolic disturbances, we analysed glucocorticoid receptor hormone-binding parameters and expression of its target genes involved in gluconeogenesis (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase) and lipid metabolism (lipin-1), as well as redox and inflammatory status in the liver of female rats subjected to a fructose-rich diet immediately after weaning. The fructose diet increased hepatic corticosterone concentration, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 level, glucocorticoid receptor protein level and hormone-binding activity, as well as lipin-1 level. The expression of glucose-6-phosphatase was reduced in fructose-fed rats, while phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase remained unaltered. The fructose-rich diet increased the level of fructose transporter GLUT2, while the expression of fructolytic enzymes fructokinase and aldolase B remained unaltered. The diet also affected pro-inflammatory pathways, but had no effect on the antioxidant defence system. In conclusion, a fructose-rich diet applied immediately after weaning promoted lipogenesis and enhanced hepatic glucocorticoid signaling, possibly to protect against inflammatory damage, but without an effect on gluconeogenesis and antioxidant enzymes. Yet, prolonged treatment might ultimately lead to more pronounced metabolic disturbances.
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26
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Vass RA, Bell EF, Colaizy TT, Schmelzel ML, Johnson KJ, Walker JR, Ertl T, Roghair RD. Hormone levels in preterm and donor human milk before and after Holder pasteurization. Pediatr Res 2020; 88:612-617. [PMID: 32000260 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After birth, breastfeeding is the exclusive source of hormonal signaling between mother and infant. Hospitalized infants often receive donor milk when their own mother's milk is unavailable. METHODS The presence of insulin, leptin, cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone was examined in samples from milk bank donors and mothers of preterm infants. We further investigated the effect of Holder pasteurization (HoP) on hormone levels. RESULTS Comparing nonpasteurized samples, leptin levels were nearly threefold higher in milk from mothers of preterm infants versus donated milk, and regardless of milk source, leptin levels were significantly decreased by HoP. Insulin concentrations were also decreased by HoP, and among mothers of preterm infants, obesity was associated with significantly higher content of leptin and insulin. While combined use of donor milk and HoP was associated with cortisol levels nearly threefold higher than those in nonpasteurized own mother's milk, progesterone and testosterone content did not differ by source or pasteurization. CONCLUSIONS The hormonal composition of breast milk is impacted by HoP and maternal obesity. Compared to nonpasteurized maternal milk, use of pasteurized donor milk dramatically decreases the intake of leptin while increasing the intake of cortisol. Further research is necessary to define optimal breast milk processing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka A Vass
- Departments of Neonatology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edward F Bell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tarah T Colaizy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mendi L Schmelzel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karen J Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jacky R Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tibor Ertl
- Departments of Neonatology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Robert D Roghair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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27
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Uehara M, Yamazaki H, Yoshikawa N, Kuribara-Souta A, Tanaka H. Correlation among body composition and metabolic regulation in a male mouse model of Cushing's syndrome. Endocr J 2020; 67:21-30. [PMID: 31495810 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids play a critical role in the regulation of homeostasis, including metabolism. In patients with Cushing's syndrome, chronic glucocorticoid excess disrupts physiological internal milieu, resulting in central obesity, muscle atrophy, fatty liver, and insulin resistance. However, the relationship among various metabolic effects of glucocorticoids remains unknown. In the present study, we studied a male mouse model of Cushing's syndrome and indicated that glucocorticoid excess alters metabolic phenotype and body composition involving possible communication among skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Uehara
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamazaki
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noritada Yoshikawa
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuribara-Souta
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Tanaka
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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28
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Perna-Barrull D, Gieras A, Rodriguez-Fernandez S, Tolosa E, Vives-Pi M. Immune System Remodelling by Prenatal Betamethasone: Effects on β-Cells and Type 1 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:540. [PMID: 32849311 PMCID: PMC7431597 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial disease of unknown aetiology. Studies focusing on environment-related prenatal changes, which might have an influence on the development of T1D, are still missing. Drugs, such as betamethasone, are used during this critical period without exploring possible effects later in life. Betamethasone can interact with the development and function of the two main players in T1D, the immune system and the pancreatic β-cells. Short-term or persistent changes in any of these two players may influence the initiation of the autoimmune reaction against β-cells. In this review, we focus on the ability of betamethasone to induce alterations in the immune system, impairing the recognition of autoantigens. At the same time, betamethasone affects β-cell gene expression and apoptosis rate, reducing the danger signals that will attract unwanted attention from the immune system. These effects may synergise to hinder the autoimmune attack. In this review, we compile scattered evidence to provide a better understanding of the basic relationship between betamethasone and T1D, laying the foundation for future studies on human cohorts that will help to fully grasp the role of betamethasone in the development of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Perna-Barrull
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Gieras
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Rodriguez-Fernandez
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marta Vives-Pi
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Marta Vives-Pi
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29
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Safran T, Abi-Rafeh J, Alhalabi B, Davison PG. The Potential Role of Corticosteroid Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Microscopic Fat Embolism Syndrome in Gluteal Augmentations. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:78-89. [PMID: 31152663 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic fat embolism syndrome (micro-FES) has been recently identified as a potentially fatal complication following gluteal augmentation utilizing autologous fat grafts; safety recommendations advocating for subcutaneous lipo-injections may be insufficient for its prevention. OBJECTIVES The authors of this systematic review evaluated the potential role of corticosteroid prophylaxis for the prevention of micro-FES in gluteal augmentation procedures. METHODS The authors performed a systematic search employing the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Medline, and Embase databases. Search terms were those pertaining to studies reporting the efficacy of prophylactic corticosteroid administration on micro-FES incidence in a high-risk surrogate population. RESULTS Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria for review, comprising 2 studies reporting on the efficacy of a single intravenous (IV) corticosteroid dose for the prophylaxis of micro-FES, 9 studies reporting on multiple prophylactic IV doses, and 2 additional studies reporting on the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in this context. All studies were identified from the orthopedic literature given that none were available directly from within plastic surgery. The prophylactic efficacy of multiple IV doses of methylprednisolone, or a single larger dose, was established, whereas the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids remains elusive. CONCLUSIONS A single perioperative IV dose of methylprednisolone may be most appropriate for utilization by plastic surgeons; the safety and implication of this therapy on wound healing and fat graft survival are discussed. Further studies directly evaluating the efficacy of corticosteroid prophylaxis in the gluteal augmentation population are indicated. Finally, recommendations pertaining to the prevention, timely recognition, and effective management of micro-FES are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Safran
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Becher Alhalabi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter G Davison
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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30
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Glantschnig C, Mattijssen F, Vogl ES, Ali Khan A, Rios Garcia M, Fischer K, Müller T, Uhlenhaut H, Nawroth P, Scheideler M, Rose AJ, Pellegata N, Herzig S. The glucocorticoid receptor in brown adipocytes is dispensable for control of energy homeostasis. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48552. [PMID: 31559673 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activity of the glucocorticoid (GC)/glucocorticoid receptor (GR) endocrine system has been linked to obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Traditionally, the GC/GR axis has been believed to play a crucial role in adipose tissue formation and function in both, white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). While recent studies have challenged this notion for WAT, the contribution of GC/GR signaling to BAT-dependent energy homeostasis remained unknown. Here, we have generated and characterized a BAT-specific GR-knockout mouse (GRBATKO ), for the first time allowing to genetically interrogate the metabolic impact of BAT-GR. The HPA axis in GRBATKO mice was intact, as was the ability of mice to adapt to cold. BAT-GR was dispensable for the adaptation to fasting-feeding cycles and the development of diet-induced obesity. In obesity, glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and food intake remained unchanged, aligning with the absence of changes in thermogenic gene expression. Together, we demonstrate that the GR in UCP1-positive BAT adipocytes plays a negligible role in systemic metabolism and BAT function, thereby opposing a long-standing paradigm in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Glantschnig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frits Mattijssen
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Sophie Vogl
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Asrar Ali Khan
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcos Rios Garcia
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Fischer
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Timo Müller
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Metabolic Biochemistry and Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Gene Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adam J Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Natalia Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
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31
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Pinkhasov B, Selyatitskaya V, Deev D, Kuzminova O, Astrakhantseva E. HORMONAL REGULATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND FAT METABOLISM IN WOMEN WITH DIFFERENT OBESITY TYPES IN THE FOOD DEPRIVATION TEST. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2019; 15:355-359. [PMID: 32010355 PMCID: PMC6992405 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2019.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The dominant type of adipose tissue accumulation in the body is associated with the peculiarities of using key substrates in energy metabolism and their hormonal regulation. Hormonal and metabolic parameters were investigated in women with android and gynoid obesity before and after the short-term food deprivation test. RESULTS At baseline, at gynoid obesity as compared to android obesity, the women's blood contained lower glucose and insulin levels and higher FFA levels. The reaction to food deprivation manifested by a decrease in glucose level and an increase in FFA level in the blood is less pronounced in women with gynoid obesity than in those with android obesity. At the same time, a similar (though varying in expression) decrease in insulin level and elevated levels of glucagon, growth hormone and thyroxine were revealed in women's blood in both groups. Blood cortisol level increased in women with gynoid obesity and remained unchanged in those with android obesity. CONCLUSIONS More pronounced activation of hormonal mechanisms for maintaining blood glucose levels at gynoid obesity as compared to android one suggests that glucose is the preferable substrate for energy metabolism at gynoid obesity in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.B. Pinkhasov
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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32
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Early Developmental Stress Affects Subsequent Gene Expression Response to an Acute Stress in Atlantic Salmon: An Approach for Creating Robust Fish for Aquaculture? G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2019; 9:1597-1611. [PMID: 30885921 PMCID: PMC6505151 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Stress during early life has potential to program and alter the response to stressful events and metabolism in later life. Repeated short exposure of Atlantic salmon to cold water and air during embryonic (E), post-hatch (PH) or both phases of development (EPH) has been shown to alter the methylome and transcriptome and to affect growth performance during later life compared to untreated controls (CO). The aim of this study was to investigate how the transcriptome of these fish responds to subsequent acute stress at the start feeding stage, and to describe methylation differences that might steer these changes. EPH treated fish showed the strongest down-regulation of corticotropin releasing factor 1, up-regulation of glucocorticoid receptor and 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2 gene expression and a suppressed cortisol response 3 hr after the acute stress, differences that could influence hormesis and be affecting how EPH fish cope and recover from the stress event. Growth hormone 2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 were more strongly down-regulated following acute stress in EPH treated fish relative to E, PH and CO fish. This indicates switching away from growth toward coping with stress following stressful events in EPH fish. Genes implicated in immune function such as major histocompatibility class 1A, T-cell receptor and toll-like receptor also responded to acute stress differently in EPH treated fish, indicating that repeated stresses during early life may affect robustness. Differential DNA methylation was detected in regions mapping <500 bases from genes differentially responding to acute stress suggesting the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Stress treatments applied during early development therefore have potential as a husbandry tool for boosting the productivity of aquaculture by affecting how fish respond to stresses at critical stages of production.
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Abulizi A, Camporez JP, Jurczak MJ, Høyer KF, Zhang D, Cline GW, Samuel VT, Shulman GI, Vatner DF. Adipose glucocorticoid action influences whole-body metabolism via modulation of hepatic insulin action. FASEB J 2019; 33:8174-8185. [PMID: 30922125 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802706r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The connection between adipose glucocorticoid action and whole-body metabolism is incompletely understood. Thus, we generated adipose tissue-specific glucocorticoid receptor-knockout (Ad-GcR-/-) mice to explore potential mechanisms. Ad-GcR-/- mice had a lower concentration of fasting plasma nonesterified fatty acids and less hepatic steatosis. This was associated with increased protein kinase B phosphorylation and increased hepatic glycogen synthesis after an oral glucose challenge. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed Ad-GcR-/- mice were protected against the development of hepatic steatosis and diacylglycerol-PKCε-induced impairments in hepatic insulin signaling. Under hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic conditions, hepatic insulin response was ∼10-fold higher in HFD-fed Ad-GcR-/- mice. Insulin-mediated suppression of adipose lipolysis was improved by 40% in Ad-GcR-/- mice. Adipose triglyceride lipase expression was decreased and insulin-mediated perilipin dephosphorylation was increased in Ad-GcR-/- mice. In metabolic cages, food intake decreased by 3 kcal/kg per hour in Ad-GcR-/- mice. Therefore, physiologic adipose glucocorticoid action appears to drive hepatic lipid accumulation during stressors such as fasting. The resultant hepatic insulin resistance prevents hepatic glycogen synthesis, preserving glucose for glucose-dependent organs. Absence of adipose glucocorticoid action attenuates HFD-induced hepatic insulin resistance; potential explanations for reduction in hepatic steatosis include reductions in adipose lipolysis and food intake.-Abulizi, A., Camporez, J.-P., Jurczak, M. J., Høyer, K. F., Zhang, D., Cline, G. W., Samuel, V. T., Shulman, G. I., Vatner, D. F. Adipose glucocorticoid action influences whole-body metabolism via modulation of hepatic insulin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudukadier Abulizi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - João-Paulo Camporez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael J Jurczak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kasper F Høyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Varman T Samuel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniel F Vatner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Glantschnig C, Koenen M, Gil‐Lozano M, Karbiener M, Pickrahn I, Williams‐Dautovich J, Patel R, Cummins CL, Giroud M, Hartleben G, Vogl E, Blüher M, Tuckermann J, Uhlenhaut H, Herzig S, Scheideler M. A miR‐29a‐driven negative feedback loop regulates peripheral glucocorticoid receptor signaling. FASEB J 2019; 33:5924-5941. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801385rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Glantschnig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Mascha Koenen
- Institute of Comparative Molecular EndocrinologyUlm University Ulm Germany
| | - Manuel Gil‐Lozano
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Michael Karbiener
- Division of Phoniatrics, Speech, and SwallowingDepartment of OtorhinolaryngologyUniversity HospitalMedical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - Ines Pickrahn
- Department of Legal MedicineUniversity of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | | | - Rucha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Carolyn L. Cummins
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Maude Giroud
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Götz Hartleben
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Elena Vogl
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Clinic for Endocrinology and NephrologyMedical Research Center Leipzig Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular EndocrinologyUlm University Ulm Germany
| | - Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Research Group Molecular EndocrinologyHelmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
- School of MedicineTechnical University Munich Munich Germany
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)Helmholtz Center Munich Neuherberg Germany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC, Inner Medicine 1Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Neuherberg Germany
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Anderson GW, Kenyon CJ, Al-Dujaili EAS. Post-Prandial Changes in Salivary Glucocorticoids: Effects of Dietary Cholesterol and Associations with Bile Acid Excretion. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020360. [PMID: 30744113 PMCID: PMC6412185 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms to explain post-prandial increases in circulating glucocorticoids are not well understood and may involve increased adrenal secretion and/or altered steroid metabolism. We have compared salivary levels of cortisol and cortisone levels in healthy male and female volunteers fed either a low or cholesterol-rich midday meal. Urinary levels of steroids, bile acids and markers of lipid peroxidation were also measured. Males and females showed expected circadian changes in salivary steroids and postprandial peaks within 1h of feeding. After a high-cholesterol meal, postprandial cortisol increases were higher in males whereas post-prandial cortisone levels were higher in females. Urinary cortisol but not cortisone levels were higher on the day when males and females ate a high-cholesterol meal. Urinary bile acid excretion and anti-oxidant markers of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total phenol content were not affected by dietary cholesterol but tended to be higher in males. Cross-tabulation of correlation coefficients indicated positive associations between urinary markers of peroxidation, bile acids, and cortisol:cortisone ratios. We conclude that dietary cholesterol (a substrate for steroidogenesis) does not have an acute effect on adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis and that gender but not a high-cholesterol meal may influence the interconversion of cortisol and cortisone. Longer term studies of the effects of dietary cholesterol are needed to analyze the associations between bile acids, steroid metabolism, and secretion and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Anderson
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, EH21 6UU, UK.
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Christopher J Kenyon
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Emad A S Al-Dujaili
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, EH21 6UU, UK.
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Luquet SH, Vaudry H, Granata R. Editorial: Neuroendocrine Control of Feeding Behavior. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:399. [PMID: 31297088 PMCID: PMC6593060 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Serge H. Luquet
- Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Serge H. Luquet
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Université de Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Hubert Vaudry
| | - Riccarda Granata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Riccarda Granata
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Liu X, Jiang J, Liu X, Luo Z, Wang Y, Dong X, Wei D, Huo W, Yu S, Li L, Jin S, Wang C, Mao Z. Gender-Specific Independent and Combined Effects of the Cortisol-to-Cortisone Ratio and 11-Deoxycortisol on Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From the Henan Rural Cohort Study. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:4693817. [PMID: 31281850 PMCID: PMC6589245 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4693817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the independent and combined effects of the cortisol-to-cortisone ratio (F/E) and 11-deoxycortisol on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among different genders. METHODS A case-control study was performed including 2676 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to assess serum cortisol, cortisone, and 11-deoxycortisol. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the associations between hormones and outcomes. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple variables, the negative associations of F/E and 11-dexyocortisol with T2DM were observed in females (T3 vs. T1: OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.39-0.80 for F/E; T3 vs. T1: OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27-0.73 for 11-dexyocortisol). However, only 11-dexyocortisol showed a negative association with prediabetes both in males and females. Compared with the combination of low F/E and 11-dexyocortisol, the combination of middle F/E and high 11-dexyocortisol was significantly associated with prediabetes (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.12-0.71) in males. Furthermore, the combination of high F/E and 11-dexyocortisol was associated with the lowest odds of prediabetes (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21-0.73) and T2DM (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.12-0.52) in females. CONCLUSIONS Serum F/E level was negatively associated with T2DM only in females whereas serum 11-deoxycortisol level was negatively associated with prediabetes in males and with prediabetes and T2DM in females. Additionally, their combination has a synergistic effect on T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Songcheng Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Potential Dissociative Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity for Protopanaxadiol and Protopanaxatriol. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010094. [PMID: 30591629 PMCID: PMC6337468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that regulate inflammation, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis via their cognate receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR, acting mainly as a transcription factor, activates or represses the expression of a large number of target genes, among them, many genes of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory molecules, respectively. Transrepression activity of glucocorticoids also accounts for their anti-inflammatory activity, rendering them the most widely prescribed drug in medicine. However, chronic and high-dose use of glucocorticoids is accompanied with many undesirable side effects, attributed predominantly to GR transactivation activity. Thus, there is a high need for selective GR agonist, capable of dissociating transrepression from transactivation activity. Protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol are triterpenoids that share structural and functional similarities with glucocorticoids. The molecular mechanism of their actions is unclear. In this study applying induced-fit docking analysis, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis, we showed that protopanaxadiol and more effectively protopanaxatriol are capable of binding to GR to activate its nuclear translocation, and to suppress the nuclear factor-kappa beta activity in GR-positive HeLa and HEK293 cells, but not in GR-low level COS-7 cells. Interestingly, no transactivation activity was observed, whereas suppression of the dexamethasone-induced transactivation of GR and induction of apoptosis in HeLa and HepG2 cells were observed. Thus, our results indicate that protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol could be considered as potent and selective GR agonist.
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39
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Molecular Fingerprints of Iron Parameters among a Population-Based Sample. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111800. [PMID: 30463274 PMCID: PMC6266982 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most frequent deficiency disease and parameters of iron metabolism appear to be linked to major metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. We screened a large set of small molecules in plasma for associations with iron status among apparently healthy subjects to elucidate subclinical profiles which may provide a link between iron status and onset of diseases. Based on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy we determined 613 plasma metabolites and lipoprotein subfractions among 820 apparently healthy individuals. Associations between ferritin, transferrin, haemoglobin and myoglobin and metabolite levels were tested by sex-specific linear regression analyses controlling for common confounders. Far more significant associations in women (82 out of 102) compared to men became obvious. The majority of the metabolites associated with serum ferritin and haemoglobin in women comprising fatty acid species, branched-chain amino acid catabolites and catabolites of heme. The latter was also obvious among men. Positive associations between serum transferrin and VLDL and IDL particle measures seen in women were observed in men with respect to serum ferritin. We observed a sexual-dimorphic fingerprint of surrogates of iron metabolism which may provide a link for the associations between those parameters and major metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
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40
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Kaltenecker D, Themanns M, Mueller KM, Spirk K, Suske T, Merkel O, Kenner L, Luís A, Kozlov A, Haybaeck J, Müller M, Han X, Moriggl R. Hepatic growth hormone - JAK2 - STAT5 signalling: Metabolic function, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Cytokine 2018; 124:154569. [PMID: 30389231 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of obesity came along with an increase in associated metabolic disorders in Western countries. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is linked to primary stages of liver cancer development. Growth hormone (GH) regulates various vital processes such as energy supply and cellular regeneration. In addition, GH regulates various aspects of liver physiology through activating the Janus kinase (JAK) 2- signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5 pathway. Consequently, disrupted GH - JAK2 - STAT5 signaling in the liver alters hepatic lipid metabolism and is associated with NAFLD development in humans and mouse models. Interestingly, while STAT5 as well as JAK2 deficiency correlates with hepatic lipid accumulation, recent studies suggest that these proteins have unique ambivalent functions in chronic liver disease progression and tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on the consequences of altered GH - JAK2 - STAT5 signaling for hepatic lipid metabolism and liver cancer development with an emphasis on lessons learned from genetic knockout models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Kaltenecker
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Madeleine Themanns
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina M Mueller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Spirk
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Suske
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria; Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreia Luís
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrey Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaonan Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, the Ministry of Health; Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Pietzner M, Budde K, Homuth G, Kastenmüller G, Henning AK, Artati A, Krumsiek J, Völzke H, Adamski J, Lerch MM, Kühn JP, Nauck M, Friedrich N. Hepatic Steatosis Is Associated With Adverse Molecular Signatures in Subjects Without Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:3856-3868. [PMID: 30060179 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exaggerated hepatic triglyceride accumulation (i.e., hepatic steatosis) represents a strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Despite the clear association of hepatic steatosis with impaired insulin signaling, the precise molecular mechanisms involved are still under debate. We combined data from several metabolomics techniques to gain a comprehensive picture of molecular alterations related to the presence of hepatic steatosis in a diabetes-free sample (N = 769) of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania. METHODS Liver fat content (LFC) was assessed using MRI. Metabolome measurements of plasma and urine samples were done by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Linear regression analyses were used to detect significant associations with either LFC or markers of hepatic damage. Possible mediations through insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and inflammation were tested. A predictive molecular signature of hepatic steatosis was established using regularized logistic regression. RESULTS The LFC-associated atherogenic lipid profile, tightly connected to shifts in the phospholipid content, and a prediabetic amino acid cluster were mediated by insulin resistance. Molecular surrogates of oxidative stress and multiple associations with urine metabolites (e.g., indicating altered cortisol metabolism or phase II detoxification products) were unaffected in mediation analyses. Incorporation of urine metabolites slightly improved classification of hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive metabolic profiling allowed us to reveal molecular patterns accompanying hepatic steatosis independent of the known hallmarks. Novel biomarkers from urine (e.g., cortisol glucuronide) are worthwhile for follow-up in patients suffering from more severe liver impairment compared with our merely healthy population-based sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kathrin Budde
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Henning
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens P Kühn
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Metabolic reprogramming of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in response to glucocorticoid treatment. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:846. [PMID: 30154400 PMCID: PMC6113325 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are metabolic hormones with immunosuppressive effects that have proven effective drugs against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Yet, the role of metabolic reprogramming in GC-induced ALL cell death is poorly understood. GCs efficiently block glucose uptake and metabolism in ALL cells, but this does not fully explain the observed induction of autophagy and cell death. Here, we have performed parallel time-course proteomics, metabolomics, and isotope-tracing studies to examine in detail the metabolic effects of GCs on ALL cells. We observed metabolic events associated with growth arrest, autophagy, and catabolism prior to onset of apoptosis: nucleotide de novo synthesis was reduced, while certain nucleobases accumulated; polyamine synthesis was inhibited; and phosphatidylcholine synthesis was induced. GCs suppressed not only glycolysis but also entry of both glucose and glutamine into the TCA cycle. In contrast, expression of glutamine-ammonia ligase (GLUL) and cellular glutamine content was robustly increased by GC treatment, suggesting induction of glutamine synthesis, similar to nutrient-starved muscle. Modulating medium glutamine and dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate (dm-αkg) to favor glutamine synthesis reduced autophagosome content of ALL cells, and dm-αkg also rescued cell viability. These data suggest that glutamine synthesis affects autophagy and possibly onset of cell death in response to GCs, which should be further explored to understand mechanism of action and possible sources of resistance.
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43
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Valanejad L, Ghareeb M, Shiffka S, Nadolny C, Chen Y, Guo L, Verma R, You S, Akhlaghi F, Deng R. Dysregulation of Δ 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase in diabetic patients: Implications and mechanisms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:127-141. [PMID: 29024782 PMCID: PMC5891389 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1 (AKR1D1) is a Δ4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase required for bile acid synthesis and steroid hormone metabolism. Both bile acids and steroid hormones, especially glucocorticoids, play important roles in regulating body metabolism and energy expenditure. Currently, our understanding on AKR1D1 regulation and its roles in metabolic diseases is limited. We found that AKR1D1 expression was markedly repressed in diabetic patients. Consistent with repressed AKR1D1 expression, hepatic bile acids were significantly reduced in diabetic patients. Mechanistic studies showed that activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) transcriptionally down-regulated AKR1D1 expression in vitro in HepG2 cells and in vivo in mice. Consistently, PPARα signaling was enhanced in diabetic patients. In summary, dysregulation of AKR1D1 disrupted bile acid and steroid hormone homeostasis, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes. Restoring bile acid and steroid hormone homeostasis by modulating AKR1D1 expression may represent a new approach to develop therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Valanejad
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Mwlod Ghareeb
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Stephanie Shiffka
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Christina Nadolny
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Liangran Guo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Ruchi Verma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Sangmin You
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Ruitang Deng
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
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Ghazalli N, Wu X, Walker S, Trieu N, Hsin LY, Choe J, Chen C, Hsu J, LeBon J, Kozlowski MT, Rawson J, Tirrell DA, Yip MLR, Ku HT. Glucocorticoid Signaling Enhances Expression of Glucose-Sensing Molecules in Immature Pancreatic Beta-Like Cells Derived from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:898-909. [PMID: 29717618 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells may serve as an alternative source of beta-like cells for replacement therapy of type 1 diabetes; however, the beta-like cells generated in many differentiation protocols are immature. The maturation of endogenous beta cells involves an increase in insulin expression starting in late gestation and a gradual acquisition of the abilities to sense glucose and secrete insulin by week 2 after birth in mice; however, what molecules regulate these maturation processes are incompletely known. In this study, we aim to identify small molecules that affect immature beta cells. A cell-based assay, using pancreatic beta-like cells derived from murine embryonic stem (ES) cells harboring a transgene containing an insulin 1-promoter driven enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter, was used to screen a compound library (NIH Clinical Collection-003). Cortisone, a glucocorticoid, was among five positive hit compounds. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that glucocorticoids enhance the gene expression of not only insulin 1 but also glucose transporter-2 (Glut2; Slc2a2) and glucokinase (Gck), two molecules important for glucose sensing. Mifepristone, a pharmacological inhibitor of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling, reduced the effects of glucocorticoids on Glut2 and Gck expression. The effects of glucocorticoids on ES-derived cells were further validated in immature primary islets. Isolated islets from 1-week-old mice had an increased Glut2 and Gck expression in response to a 4-day treatment of exogenous hydrocortisone in vitro. Gene deletion of GR in beta cells using rat insulin 2 promoter-driven Cre crossed with GRflox/flox mice resulted in a reduced gene expression of Glut2, but not Gck, and an abrogation of insulin secretion when islets were incubated in 0.5 mM d-glucose and stimulated by 17 mM d-glucose in vitro. These results demonstrate that glucocorticoids positively regulate glucose sensors in immature murine beta-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Ghazalli
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
- 2 The Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
- 3 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Stephanie Walker
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Nancy Trieu
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Li-Yu Hsin
- 4 High Throughput Screening Core, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Justin Choe
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Chialin Chen
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Jasper Hsu
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Jeanne LeBon
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Mark T Kozlowski
- 5 Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - David A Tirrell
- 5 Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California
| | - M L Richard Yip
- 4 High Throughput Screening Core, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
| | - Hsun Teresa Ku
- 1 Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
- 2 The Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California
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McNamara KM, Kannai A, Sasano H. Possible roles for glucocorticoid signalling in breast cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 466:38-50. [PMID: 28687451 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of breast cancer biology, and our ability to manipulate breast cancers have grown exponentially in the last 20 years. Much of that expansion has focused on the roles of steroids in driving these neoplasms. Initially this research focused on estrogens and progesterone receptors, and more recently on androgen actions in breast cancers. This review aims to make the case for glucocorticoids as the next essential steroid subclass that contributes significantly to our understanding of steroidogenic regulation of these neoplasms. Glucocorticoids have the potential to play multiple roles in the regulation of breast cancers including their control of cellular differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation. Beyond this they also act as a master integrator of organ homeostats in relation to such as circadian rhythms and stress responses. Therefore a better understanding of glucocorticoids and breast cancer could help to explain some of the epidemiological links between circadian disruption and/or stress and breast cancer development. Finally glucocorticoids are currently used during chemotherapeutic treatment in breast cancer therapy and yet results of various studies suggest that this may have an adverse impact on treatment success. This review aims to summarise the current evidence for glucocorticoids as actors in breast cancer and then suggest future essential approaches in order to determine the roles of glucocorticoids in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keely M McNamara
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Graduate Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Ayako Kannai
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Graduate Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Graduate Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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46
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Lamri A, Pigeyre M, Garver WS, Meyre D. The Extending Spectrum of NPC1-Related Human Disorders: From Niemann-Pick C1 Disease to Obesity. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:192-220. [PMID: 29325023 PMCID: PMC5888214 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) protein regulates the transport of cholesterol and fatty acids from late endosomes/lysosomes and has a central role in maintaining lipid homeostasis. NPC1 loss-of-function mutations in humans cause NPC1 disease, a rare autosomal-recessive lipid-storage disorder characterized by progressive and lethal neurodegeneration, as well as liver and lung failure, due to cholesterol infiltration. In humans, genome-wide association studies and post-genome-wide association studies highlight the implication of common variants in NPC1 in adult-onset obesity, body fat mass, and type 2 diabetes. Heterozygous human carriers of rare loss-of-function coding variants in NPC1 display an increased risk of morbid adult obesity. These associations have been confirmed in mice models, showing an important interaction with high-fat diet. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge for NPC1 variants in relationship to pleiotropic effects on metabolism. We provide evidence that NPC1 gene variations may predispose to common metabolic diseases by modulating steroid hormone synthesis and/or lipid homeostasis. We also propose several important directions of research to further define the complex roles of NPC1 in metabolism. This review emphasizes the contribution of NPC1 to obesity and its metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Lamri
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,INSERM 1190, European Genomics Institute for Diabetes, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - William S Garver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Titz B, Kogel U, Martin F, Schlage WK, Xiang Y, Nury C, Dijon S, Baumer K, Peric D, Bornand D, Dulize R, Phillips B, Leroy P, Vuillaume G, Lebrun S, Elamin A, Guedj E, Trivedi K, Ivanov NV, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. A 90-day OECD TG 413 rat inhalation study with systems toxicology endpoints demonstrates reduced exposure effects of the aerosol from the carbon heated tobacco product version 1.2 (CHTP1.2) compared with cigarette smoke. II. Systems toxicology assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:284-301. [PMID: 29545142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Modified risk tobacco products (MRTPs) have the potential to reduce smoking-related health risks. The Carbon Heated Tobacco Product 1.2 (CHTP1.2) is a potential MRTP that uses a pressed carbon heat source to generate an aerosol by heating tobacco. Here, we report the results from the systems toxicology arm of a 90-day rat inhalation study (OECD test guideline 413) to assess the effects of CHTP1.2 aerosol compared with cigarette smoke (CS). Transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipidomics analyses complemented the standard endpoints. In the respiratory nasal epithelium, CS induced an adaptive tissue and inflammatory response, which was much weaker after CHTP1.2 aerosol exposure, mostly limited to the highest CHTP1.2 concentration (at twice the 3R4F CS concentration: 50 vs. 23 μg nicotine/L), in female rats. In the lungs, the effects of CS exposure included inflammatory and cellular stress responses, which were absent or much lower after CHTP1.2 aerosol exposure. Outside of the respiratory tract, CS and CHTP1.2 aerosol induced effects that were previously associated with exposure to any nicotine-containing aerosol, e.g., lower lipid concentrations in serum. Overall, this systems toxicology analysis complements and confirms the results from classical toxicological endpoints and further suggests potentially reduced respiratory health risks of CHTP1.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Titz
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Ulrike Kogel
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Florian Martin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Walter K Schlage
- Biology Consultant, Max-Baermann-Str. 21, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Yang Xiang
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Catherine Nury
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Sophie Dijon
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Karine Baumer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Dariusz Peric
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - David Bornand
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Remi Dulize
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Blaine Phillips
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore(2)
| | - Patrice Leroy
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Gregory Vuillaume
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Stefan Lebrun
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Ashraf Elamin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Keyur Trivedi
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Patrick Vanscheeuwijck
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2)
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland(2).
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48
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The glucocorticoid receptor in recipient cells keeps cytokine secretion in acute graft-versus-host disease at bay. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15437-15450. [PMID: 29643984 PMCID: PMC5884639 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which is caused by allogeneic T cells recognizing molecules of the recipient as foreign. Endogenous glucocorticoids (GC) released from the adrenal gland are crucial in regulating such inflammatory diseases. Here we demonstrate that genetically engineered mice, that are largely unresponsive to GC, suffer from aggravated clinical symptoms and increased mortality after HSCT, effects that could be tempered by neutralization of IL-6. Interestingly, selective ablation of the GC receptor (GR) in recipient myeloid cells resulted in fulminant disease as well. While histopathological analysis of the jejunum failed to reveal any differences between sick mice of both genotypes, systemic IL-6 and TNFα secretion was strongly increased in transplanted mice lacking the GR in myeloid cells briefly before the majority of them succumbed to the disease. Collectively, our findings reveal an important role of the GR in recipient cells in limiting the cytokine storm caused by GvHD induction.
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Bernal-Sore I, Navarro-Marquez M, Osorio-Fuentealba C, Díaz-Castro F, Del Campo A, Donoso-Barraza C, Porras O, Lavandero S, Troncoso R. Mifepristone enhances insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:277-283. [PMID: 28943275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mifepristone is the only FDA-approved drug for glycaemia control in patients with Cushing's syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Mifepristone also has beneficial effects in animal models of diabetes and patients with antipsychotic treatment-induced obesity. However, the mechanisms through which Mifepristone produces its beneficial effects are not completely elucidated. PURPOSE To determine the effects of mifepristone on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake on a model of L6 rat-derived skeletal muscle cells. RESULTS Mifepristone enhanced insulin-dependent glucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane and Akt Ser473 phosphorylation in L6 myotubes. In addition, mifepristone reduced oxygen consumption and ATP levels and increased AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation. The knockdown of AMPK prevented the effects of mifepristone on insulin response. CONCLUSIONS Mifepristone enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through a mechanism that involves a decrease in mitochondrial function and AMPK activation in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izela Bernal-Sore
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Navarro-Marquez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Osorio-Fuentealba
- Departamento de Kinesiología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Estudio del Consumo de Alcohol en Adolescentes (CIAA), Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Díaz-Castro
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Bernando O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Donoso-Barraza
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar Porras
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Alimentos para el Bienestar en el Ciclo Vital (ABCvital), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Alimentos para el Bienestar en el Ciclo Vital (ABCvital), Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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50
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Hofberger SC, Gauff F, Thaller D, Morgan R, Keen JA, Licka TF. Assessment of tissue-specific cortisol activity with regard to degeneration of the suspensory ligaments in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Am J Vet Res 2018; 79:199-210. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.79.2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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