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Potes Y, Díaz-Luis A, Bermejo-Millo JC, Pérez-Martínez Z, de Luxán-Delgado B, Rubio-González A, Menéndez-Valle I, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez J, Solano JJ, Caballero B, Vega-Naredo I, Coto-Montes A. Melatonin Alleviates the Impairment of Muscle Bioenergetics and Protein Quality Control Systems in Leptin-Deficiency-Induced Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1962. [PMID: 38001815 PMCID: PMC10669624 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is critically compromised in the major common forms of obesity. Skeletal muscle is the main effector tissue for energy modification that occurs as a result of the effect of endocrine axes, such as leptin signaling. Our study was carried out using skeletal muscle from a leptin-deficient animal model, in order to ascertain the importance of this hormone and to identify the major skeletal muscle mechanisms affected. We also examined the therapeutic role of melatonin against leptin-induced muscle wasting. Here, we report that leptin deficiency stimulates fatty acid β-oxidation, which results in mitochondrial uncoupling and the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, it increases cytosolic oxidative damage. Thus, different nutrient-sensing pathways are disrupted, impairing proteostasis and promoting lipid anabolism, which induces myofiber degeneration and drives oxidative type I fiber conversion. Melatonin treatment plays a significant role in reducing cellular oxidative damage and regulating energy homeostasis and fuel utilization. Melatonin is able to improve both glucose and mitochondrial metabolism and partially restore proteostasis. Taken together, our study demonstrates melatonin to be a decisive mitochondrial function-fate regulator in skeletal muscle, with implications for resembling physiological energy requirements and targeting glycolytic type II fiber recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrea Díaz-Luis
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan C. Bermejo-Millo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zulema Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adrian Rubio-González
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Iván Menéndez-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Immunology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan J. Solano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Ito Y, Uda S, Kokaji T, Hirayama A, Soga T, Suzuki Y, Kuroda S, Kubota H. Comparison of hepatic responses to glucose perturbation between healthy and obese mice based on the edge type of network structures. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4758. [PMID: 36959243 PMCID: PMC10036622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between various molecular species in biological phenomena give rise to numerous networks. The investigation of these networks, including their statistical and biochemical interactions, supports a deeper understanding of biological phenomena. The clustering of nodes associated with molecular species and enrichment analysis is frequently applied to examine the biological significance of such network structures. However, these methods focus on delineating the function of a node. As such, in-depth investigations of the edges, which are the connections between the nodes, are rarely explored. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the functions of the edges rather than the nodes. To accomplish this, for each network, we categorized the edges and defined the edge type based on their biological annotations. Subsequently, we used the edge type to compare the network structures of the metabolome and transcriptome in the livers of healthy (wild-type) and obese (ob/ob) mice following oral glucose administration (OGTT). The findings demonstrate that the edge type can facilitate the characterization of the state of a network structure, thereby reducing the information available through datasets containing the OGTT response in the metabolome and transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ito
- Division of Integrated Omics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uda
- Division of Integrated Omics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
- Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kubota
- Division of Integrated Omics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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3
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Legaki AI, Moustakas II, Sikorska M, Papadopoulos G, Velliou RI, Chatzigeorgiou A. Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Dynamics and Bioenergetics in Obesity-Related Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:126-143. [PMID: 35501558 PMCID: PMC9399061 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been proposed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a considerable number of disorders, such as neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders, including obesity-related insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo functional and structural adaptations to meet the metabolic requirements of the cell. Alterations in nutrient availability or cellular energy needs can modify their formation through biogenesis and the opposite processes of fission and fusion, the fragmentation, and connection of mitochondrial network areas respectively. Herein, we review and discuss the current literature on the significance of mitochondrial adaptations in obesity and metabolic dysregulation, emphasizing on the role of hepatocyte mitochondrial flexibility in obesity and NAFLD. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics dysregulations to the emergence of NAFLD and its progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Most relevant data suggests that changes in liver mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics hold a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. During obesity and NAFLD, oxidative stress occurs due to the excessive production of ROS, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, mitochondria become incompetent and uncoupled from respiratory chain activities, further promoting hepatic fat accumulation, while leading to liver inflammation, insulin resistance, and disease's deterioration. Elucidation of the mechanisms leading to dysfunctional mitochondrial activity of the hepatocytes during NAFLD is of predominant importance for the development of novel therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of this metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigli-Ioanna Legaki
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis I. Moustakas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Michalina Sikorska
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Grigorios Papadopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Rallia-Iliana Velliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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4
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Collins KH, Gui C, Ely EV, Lenz KL, Harris CA, Guilak F, Meyer GA. Leptin mediates the regulation of muscle mass and strength by adipose tissue. J Physiol 2022; 600:3795-3817. [PMID: 35844058 PMCID: PMC9378542 DOI: 10.1113/jp283034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes numerous cytokines (termed 'adipokines') that have known or hypothesized actions on skeletal muscle. The majority of adipokines have been implicated in the pathological link between excess adipose and muscle insulin resistance, but approximately half also have documented in vitro effects on myogenesis and/or hypertrophy. This complexity suggests a potential dual role for adipokines in the regulation of muscle mass in homeostasis and the development of pathology. In this study, we used lipodystrophic 'fat-free' mice to demonstrate that adipose tissue is indeed necessary for the development of normal muscle mass and strength. Fat-free mice had significantly reduced mass (∼15%) and peak contractile tension (∼20%) of fast-twitch muscles, a slowing of contractile dynamics and decreased cross-sectional area of fast twitch fibres compared to wild-type littermates. These deficits in mass and contractile tension were fully rescued by reconstitution of ∼10% of normal adipose mass, indicating that this phenotype is the direct consequence of absent adipose. We then showed that the rescue is solely mediated by the adipokine leptin, as similar reconstitution of adipose from leptin-knockout mice fails to rescue mass or strength. Together, these data indicate that the development of muscle mass and strength in wild-type mice is dependent on adipose-secreted leptin. This finding extends our current understanding of the multiple roles of adipokines in physiology as well as disease pathophysiology to include a critical role for the adipokine leptin in muscle homeostasis. KEY POINTS: Adipose-derived cytokines (adipokines) have long been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity but likely have other under-appreciated roles in muscle physiology. Here we use a fat-free mouse to show that adipose tissue is necessary for the normal development of muscle mass and strength. Through add-back of genetically modified adipose tissue we show that leptin is the key adipokine mediating this regulation. This expands our understanding of leptin's role in adipose-muscle signalling to include development and homeostasis and adds the surprising finding that leptin is the sole mediator of the maintenance of muscle mass and strength by adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey H. Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Program in Physical TherapyWashington UniversitySt LouisMOUSA
| | - Erica V. Ely
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Kristin L. Lenz
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Charles A. Harris
- Division of EndocrinologyMetabolism & Lipid ResearchWashington UniversitySt LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Gretchen A. Meyer
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Program in Physical TherapyWashington UniversitySt LouisMOUSA,Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt LouisMOUSA
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5
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Akbari H, Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Bahadori M. Mitochondria determine response to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy: An evidence-based hypothesis. Mitochondrion 2021; 62:151-158. [PMID: 34890822 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy based on programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a promising approach in oncology. However, a significant fraction of patients remain unresponsive. Therefore, it is imperative to clarify the relevant predictive factors. A decrease in cellular adenosine triphosphate (c-ATP) level can predispose to cellular dysfunction. ATP is a prerequisite for proper T cell migration and activation. Therefore, a decrease in the c-ATP level impairs T cell function and promotes cancer progression. This article gives an overview of the potential predictive factors of PD-1 blockade. Besides, it highlights the pivotal role of mitochondria in response to anti-PD-1 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Akbari
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Traditional Medicine School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Moslem Bahadori
- Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests a role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including type 2 diabetes, aging, and ovarian failure. Because of the central role of mitochondria in energy production, heme biosynthesis, calcium buffering, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis signaling within cells, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind mitochondrial dysregulation and its potential implications in disease is critical. This review will take a journey through the past and summarize what is known about mitochondrial dysfunction in various disorders, focusing on metabolic alterations and reproductive abnormalities. Evidence is presented from studies in different human populations, and rodents with genetic manipulations of pathways known to affect mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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7
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Ge C, Hu L, Lou D, Li Q, Feng J, Wu Y, Tan J, Xu M. Nrf2 deficiency aggravates PM 2.5-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing oxidative stress, fibrosis and inflammation via RIPK3-regulated mitochondrial disorder. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4836-4865. [PMID: 32182211 PMCID: PMC7138545 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 is a well-known air pollutant threatening public health, and long-term exposure to PM2.5 increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in the amelioration of PM2.5-induced lung injury. However, if Nrf2 is involved in PM2.5-induced heart injury, and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been explored. In this study, wild type (Nrf2+/+) and Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice were exposed to PM2.5 for 6 months. After PM2.5 exposure, Nrf2-/- mice developed severe physiological changes, lung injury and cardiac dysfunction. In the PM2.5-exposed hearts, Nrf2 deficiency caused significant collagen accumulation through promoting the expression of fibrosis-associated signals. Additionally, Nrf2-/- mice exhibited greater oxidative stress in cardiac tissues after PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, PM2.5-induced inflammation in heart samples were accelerated in Nrf2-/- mice through promoting inhibitor of α/nuclear factor κB (IκBα/NF-κB) signaling pathways. We also found that Nrf2-/- aggravated autophagy initiation and glucose metabolism disorder in hearts of mice with PM2.5 challenge. Cardiac receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) expression triggered by PM2.5 was further enhanced in mice with the loss of Nrf2. Collectively, these results suggested that strategies for enhancing Nrf2 could be used to treat PM2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Linfeng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Deshuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jing Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Yekuan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.,Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
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8
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Li L, Martin-Levilain J, Jiménez-Sánchez C, Karaca M, Foti M, Martinou JC, Maechler P. In vivo stabilization of OPA1 in hepatocytes potentiates mitochondrial respiration and gluconeogenesis in a prohibitin-dependent way. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12581-12598. [PMID: 31285263 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with fatty liver diseases present altered mitochondrial morphology and impaired metabolic function. Mitochondrial dynamics and related cell function require the uncleaved form of the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1. Stabilization of OPA1 might then confer a protective mechanism against stress-induced tissue damages. To study the putative role of hepatic mitochondrial morphology in a sick liver, we expressed a cleavage-resistant long form of OPA1 (L-OPA1Δ) in the liver of a mouse model with mitochondrial liver dysfunction (i.e. the hepatocyte-specific prohibitin-2 knockout (Hep-Phb2-/-) mice). Liver prohibitin-2 deficiency caused excessive proteolytic cleavage of L-OPA1, mitochondrial fragmentation, and increased apoptosis. These molecular alterations were associated with lipid accumulation, abolished gluconeogenesis, and extensive liver damage. Such liver dysfunction was associated with severe hypoglycemia. In prohibitin-2 knockout mice, expression of L-OPA1Δ by in vivo adenovirus delivery restored the morphology but not the function of mitochondria in hepatocytes. In prohibitin-competent mice, elongation of liver mitochondria by expression of L-OPA1Δ resulted in excessive glucose production associated with increased mitochondrial respiration. In conclusion, mitochondrial dynamics participates in the control of hepatic glucose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzi Li
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Martin-Levilain
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Melis Karaca
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Martinou
- Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland .,Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Zhang WF, Jin YC, Li XM, Yang Z, Wang D, Cui JJ. Protective effects of leptin against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3282-3290. [PMID: 30988703 PMCID: PMC6447799 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of thrombolytic therapy for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury has resulted in damage to the self-regulatory mechanisms of the brain. This is due to the increased production of free radicals, excitatory amino acids and pro-inflammatory cytokines causing secondary damage to the brain. Simple thrombolytic therapy has not been the best approach for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury. Excessive perfusion leads to failure of the body's self-regulatory functions, which in turn increases the area of cerebral edema and aggravates cerebral ischemia. Previous studies have evaluated the satiety hormone leptin as a link between energy expenditure and obesity. Of note, leptin, which is involved in brain development, synaptic transmission and angiogenesis following ischemia/reperfusion injury, has been considered an important factor for treating ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present review outlines the discovery of leptin and discusses its association with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Chuan Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Cui
- Department of Medical Affairs, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
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10
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Insights into leptin signaling and male reproductive health: the missing link between overweight and subfertility? Biochem J 2018; 475:3535-3560. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity stands as one of the greatest healthcare challenges of the 21st century. Obesity in reproductive-age men is ever more frequent and is reaching upsetting levels. At the same time, fertility has taken an inverse direction and is decreasing, leading to an increased demand for fertility treatments. In half of infertile couples, there is a male factor alone or combined with a female factor. Furthermore, male fertility parameters such as sperm count and concentration went on a downward spiral during the last few decades and are now approaching the minimum levels established to achieve successful fertilization. Hence, the hypothesis that obesity and deleterious effects in male reproductive health, as reflected in deterioration of sperm parameters, are somehow related is tempting. Most often, overweight and obese individuals present leptin levels directly proportional to the increased fat mass. Leptin, besides the well-described central hypothalamic effects, also acts in several peripheral organs, including the testes, thus highlighting a possible regulatory role in male reproductive function. In the last years, research focusing on leptin effects in male reproductive function has unveiled additional roles and molecular mechanisms of action for this hormone at the testicular level. Herein, we summarize the novel molecular signals linking metabolism and male reproductive function with a focus on leptin signaling, mitochondria and relevant pathways for the nutritional support of spermatogenesis.
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11
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Uen WC, Shi YC, Choong CY, Tai CJ. Cordycepin suppressed lipid accumulation via regulating AMPK activity and mitochondrial fusion in hepatocytes. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Ching Uen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- School of Medicine; Fujen Catholic University; New Taipei City Taiwan
| | | | - Chen-Yen Choong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jeng Tai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical, College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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12
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Burgos-Ramos E, Canelles S, Rodríguez A, Frago LM, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Chowen JA, Frühbeck G, Argente J, Barrios V. The increase in fiber size in male rat gastrocnemius after chronic central leptin infusion is related to activation of insulin signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:48-59. [PMID: 28962893 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Insulin potentiates leptin effects on muscle accrual and glucose homeostasis. However, the relationship between leptin's central effects on peripheral insulin sensitivity and the associated structural changes remain unclear. We hypothesized that central leptin infusion modifies muscle size through activation of insulin signaling. Muscle insulin signaling, enzymes of fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and fiber area were analyzed in the gastrocnemius of chronic central infused (L), pair-fed (PF) and control rats. PCNA-positive nuclei, fiber area, GLUT4 and glycogen levels and activation of Akt and mechanistic target of rapamycin were increased in L, with no changes in PF. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-β mRNA levels and non-esterified fatty acid and triglyceride content were reduced and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b expression and mitochondrial complexes augmented in L. These results suggest that leptin promotes an increase in muscle size associated with improved insulin signaling favored by lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Burgos-Ramos
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Área de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, E-45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Sandra Canelles
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura M Frago
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julie A Chowen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Barrios
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, E-28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28009, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Leptin increases mitochondrial OPA1 via GSK3-mediated OMA1 ubiquitination to enhance therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:556. [PMID: 29748581 PMCID: PMC5945599 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence revealed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) confer cardioprotection against myocardial infarction (MI). However, the poor survival and engraftment rate of the transplanted cells limited their therapeutic efficacy in the heart. The enhanced leptin production associated with hypoxia preconditioning contributed to the improved MSCs survival. Mitochondrial integrity determines the cellular fate. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether leptin can enhance mitochondrial integrity of human MSCs (hMSCs) to protect against various stress. In vivo, transplantation of leptin-overexpressing hMSCs into the infarcted heart resulted in improved cell viability, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and cardiac function. In vitro, pretreatment of hMSCs with recombinant leptin (hMSCs-Leppre) displayed improved cell survival against severe ischemic condition (glucose and serum deprivation under hypoxia), which was associated with increased mitochondrial fusion. Subsequently, Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that regulates fusion and cristae structure, was significantly elevated in the hMSCs-Leppre group, and the protection of leptin was abrogated by targeting OPA1 with a selective siRNA. Furthermore, OMA1, a mitochondrial protease that cleaves OPA1, decreased in a leptin-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with an inhibitor of the proteasome (MG132), prevented leptin-induced OMA1 degradation, implicating the ubiquitination/proteasome system as a part of the protective leptin pathway. In addition, GSK3 inhibitor (SB216763) was also involved in the degradation of OMA1. In conclusion, in the hostile microenvironment caused by MI, (a) leptin can maintain the mitochondrial integrity and prolong the survival of hMSCs; (b) leptin-mediated mitochondrial integrity requires phosphorylation of GSK3 as a prerequisite for ubiquitination-depended degradation of OMA1 and attenuation of long-OPA1 cleavage. Thus, leptin targeting the GSK3/OMA1/OPA1 signaling pathway can optimize hMSCs therapy for cardiovascular diseases such as MI.
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Silvestri E, Cioffi F, De Matteis R, Senese R, de Lange P, Coppola M, Salzano AM, Scaloni A, Ceccarelli M, Goglia F, Lanni A, Moreno M, Lombardi A. 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine Affects Structural and Metabolic Features of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria in High-Fat-Diet Fed Rats Producing a Co-adaptation to the Glycolytic Fiber Phenotype. Front Physiol 2018; 9:194. [PMID: 29593557 PMCID: PMC5854997 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemic state-associated perturbations in the network of factors controlling mitochondrial functions, i. e., morphogenesis machinery and metabolic sensor proteins, produce metabolic inflexibility, insulin resistance and reduced oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle. Moreover, intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation leads to tissue damage and inflammation. The administration of the naturally occurring metabolite 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) with thyromimetic actions to high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats exerts a systemic hypolipidemic effect, which produces a lack of IMCL accumulation, a shift toward glycolytic fibers and amelioration of insulin sensitivity in gastrocnemius muscle. In this study, an integrated approach combining large-scale expression profile and functional analyses was used to characterize the response of skeletal muscle mitochondria to T2 during a HFD regimen. Long-term T2 administration to HDF rats induced a glycolytic phenotype of gastrocnemius muscle as well as an adaptation of mitochondria to the fiber type, with a decreased representation of enzymes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. At the same time, T2 stimulated the activity of individual respiratory complex I, IV, and V. Moreover, T2 prevented the HFD-associated increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor γ coactivator-1α and dynamin-1-like protein as well as mitochondrial morphological aberrations, favoring the appearance of tubular and tethered organelles in the intermyofibrillar regions. Remarkably, T2 reverted the HDF-associated expression pattern of proinflammatory factors, such as p65 subunit of NF-kB, and increased the fiber-specific immunoreactivity of adipose differentiation–related protein in lipid droplets. All together, these results further support a role of T2 in counteracting in vivo some of the HFD-induced impairment in structural/metabolic features of skeletal muscle by impacting the mitochondrial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Coppola
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna M Salzano
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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15
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Schönke M, Björnholm M, Chibalin AV, Zierath JR, Deshmukh AS. Proteomics Analysis of Skeletal Muscle from Leptin-Deficient ob/ob Mice Reveals Adaptive Remodeling of Metabolic Characteristics and Fiber Type Composition. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700375. [PMID: 29350465 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, an early metabolic defect in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), may be a cause or consequence of altered protein expression profiles. Proteomics technology offers enormous promise to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying pathologies, however, the analysis of skeletal muscle is challenging. Using state-of-the-art multienzyme digestion and filter-aided sample preparation (MED-FASP) and a mass spectrometry (MS)-based workflow, we performed a global proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle from leptin-deficient, obese, insulin resistant (ob/ob) and lean mice in mere two fractions in a short time (8 h per sample). We identified more than 6000 proteins with 118 proteins differentially regulated in obesity. This included protein kinases, phosphatases, and secreted and fiber type associated proteins. Enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle from ob/ob mice were increased, providing evidence against reduced fatty acid oxidation in lipid-induced insulin resistance. Mitochondrial and peroxisomal proteins, as well as components of pyruvate and lactate metabolism, were increased. Finally, the skeletal muscle proteome from ob/ob mice displayed a shift toward the "slow fiber type." This detailed characterization of an obese rodent model of T2D demonstrates an efficient workflow for skeletal muscle proteomics, which may easily be adapted to other complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Schönke
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Björnholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander V Chibalin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Atul S Deshmukh
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Clinical Proteomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Guan L, Xu K, Xu S, Li N, Wang X, Xia Y, Wu D. Profiles of metabolic gene expression in the white adipose tissue, liver and hypothalamus in leptin knockout (Lep ΔI14/ΔI14 ) rats. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:528. [PMID: 28866659 PMCID: PMC6307666 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20170021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin deficiency is principally linked to metabolic disorders. Leptin knockout (LepΔI14/ΔI14) Sprague Dawley rats created by CRISPR/Cas9 is a new model to study metabolic disorders. We used a whole rat genome oligonucleotide microarray to obtain tissue-specific gene expression profiles of the white adipose tissue, liver and hypothalamus in LepΔI14/ΔI14 and wild-type (WT) rats. We found 1,651 differentially expressed (enriched) genes in white adipose tissue, 916 in the liver, and 306 in the hypothalamus in the LepΔI14/ΔI14 rats compared to WT. Gene ontology category and KEGG pathway analysis of the relationships among differentially expressed genes showed that these genes were represented in a variety of functional categories, including fatty acid metabolism, molecular transducers and cellular processes. The reliability of the data obtained from microarray was verified by quantitative real-time PCR on 14 representative genes. These data will contribute to a greater understanding of different metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijian Guan
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kaixuan Xu
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- . Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Shuyang Xu
- . School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ningning Li
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Di Wu
- . State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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17
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Nan J, Zhu W, Rahman M, Liu M, Li D, Su S, Zhang N, Hu X, Yu H, Gupta MP, Wang J. Molecular regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1260-1273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Patti ME. Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:465-520. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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The Effect of Weight Loss on the Muscle Proteome in the Damara, Dorper and Australian Merino Ovine Breeds. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146367. [PMID: 26828937 PMCID: PMC4734549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL) is an important constraint, limiting animal production in the Tropics and the Mediterranean. As a result, the study of physiological and biochemical mechanisms by which domestic animal breeds respond to SWL is important to those interested in animal breeding and the improvement thereof. To that end, the study of the proteome has been instrumental in gathering important information on physiological mechanisms, including those underlying SWL. In spite of that, little information is available concerning physiological mechanisms of SWL in production animals. The objective of this study was to determine differential protein expression in the muscle of three different breeds of sheep, the Australian Merino, the Dorper and the Damara, each showing different levels of tolerance to weight loss (low, medium and high, respectively). Per breed, two experimental groups were established, one labeled “Growth” and the other labeled “Restricted.” After forty-two days of dietary treatment, all animals were euthanized. Muscle samples were then taken. Total protein was extracted from the muscle, then quantified and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were conducted using 24 cm pH 3–10 immobiline dry strips and colloidal coomassie staining. Gels were analyzed using Samespots® software and spots of interest were in-gel digested with trypsin. The isolated proteins were identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF. Results indicated relevant differences between breeds; several proteins are suggested as putative biomarkers of tolerance to weight loss: Desmin, Troponin T, Phosphoglucomutase and the Histidine Triad nucleotide-binding protein 1. This information is of relevance to and of possible use in selection programs aiming towards ruminant animal production in regions prone to droughts and weight loss.
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20
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Hsu WH, Lee BH, Pan TM. Leptin-induced mitochondrial fusion mediates hepatic lipid accumulation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1750-6. [PMID: 26119995 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin alleviates metabolic conditions such as insulin resistance and obesity, although the precise mechanism of action is unclear. Mitochondrial fusion/fission states affect energy balance, but the association between mitochondrial fusion and lipid metabolism is also unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether mitochondrial fusion/fission state regulates lipid accumulation and to understand the role of leptin in mitochondrial function and its mechanism of action in metabolic regulation. METHODS Primary mouse hepatocytes were isolated from C57BL/6J mice and treated with leptin (25 ng ml(-1)) for 3 days before determinations of mitochondrial morphology and fatty acid accumulation. Hyperglycemia in C57BL/6J mice was induced by providing a 30% fructose-rich diet (FRD) for 6 months, followed by intraperitoneal injections of leptin (1 mg kg(-1) per body weight) for 6 weeks (twice per week). RESULTS Leptin triggered mitochondrial fusion and alleviated high glucose-induced fatty acid accumulation in primary hepatocytes by promoting mitochondrial fusion-associated transcription factor peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-α and co-activator peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-γ co-activator (PGC)-1α. In turn, these activate the fusion protein mitofusin 1 (Mfn-1). RNA silencing of Mfn-1 or PGC-1 blocked the inhibitory effect of leptin. Leptin treatment also elevated liver Mfn-1 and PGC-1α and improved lipid profiles in FRD mice. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial fusion has a critical role in alleviating hepatic fatty acid accumulation. Leptin switches mitochondrial morphology via a PGC-1α-dependent pathway to improve hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-H Hsu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - B-H Lee
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - T-M Pan
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Farr OM, Camp M, Mantzoros CS. New research developments and insights from Metabolism. Metabolism 2015; 64:354-67. [PMID: 25549908 PMCID: PMC4459594 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In a field of great importance to daily life and clinical care, metabolic-related research covers a wealth of information and knowledge. This broad field encompasses a number of physical states that are increasingly critical to study, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the impacts of diet, nutrition, and exercise on these physical states are an area of ever-important and expanding research. With the latest advances in metabolic research, much knowledge has been gained. Here, we present the newest findings from research published in Metabolism. We hope that these results provide not only critical knowledge needed for clinical care and daily life, but also a platform for the continuing expansion of research into metabolic-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Farr
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Michelle Camp
- Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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22
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Zachariah Tom R, Garcia-Roves PM, Sjögren RJO, Jiang LQ, Holmström MH, Deshmukh AS, Vieira E, Chibalin AV, Björnholm M, Zierath JR. Effects of AMPK activation on insulin sensitivity and metabolism in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Diabetes 2014; 63:1560-71. [PMID: 24487023 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric complex, composed of a catalytic subunit (α) and two regulatory subunits (β and γ), which act as a metabolic sensor to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. A mutation in the γ3 subunit (AMPKγ3(R225Q)) increases basal AMPK phosphorylation, while concomitantly reducing sensitivity to AMP. AMPKγ3(R225Q) (γ3(R225Q)) transgenic mice are protected against dietary-induced triglyceride accumulation and insulin resistance. We determined whether skeletal muscle-specific expression of AMPKγ3(R225Q) prevents metabolic abnormalities in leptin-deficient ob/ob (ob/ob-γ3(R225Q)) mice. Glycogen content was increased, triglyceride content was decreased, and diacylglycerol and ceramide content were unaltered in gastrocnemius muscle from ob/ob-γ3(R225Q) mice, whereas glucose tolerance was unaltered. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in extensor digitorum longus muscle during the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp was increased in lean γ3(R225Q) mice, but not in ob/ob-γ3(R225Q) mice. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation was increased in gastrocnemius muscle from γ3(R225Q) mutant mice independent of adiposity. Glycogen and triglyceride content were decreased after leptin treatment (5 days) in ob/ob mice, but not in ob/ob-γ3(R225Q) mice. In conclusion, metabolic improvements arising from muscle-specific expression of AMPKγ3(R225Q) are insufficient to ameliorate insulin resistance and obesity in leptin-deficient mice. Central defects due to leptin deficiency may override any metabolic benefit conferred by peripheral overexpression of the AMPKγ3(R225Q) mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robby Zachariah Tom
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bravard A, Vial G, Chauvin MA, Rouillé Y, Bailleul B, Vidal H, Rieusset J. FTO contributes to hepatic metabolism regulation through regulation of leptin action and STAT3 signalling in liver. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:4. [PMID: 24410832 PMCID: PMC3896784 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-12-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene is related to obesity and type 2 diabetes, but its function is still largely unknown. A link between leptin receptor-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (LepR-STAT3) signalling pathway and FTO was recently suggested in the hypothalamus. Because of the presence of FTO in liver and the role of LepR-STAT3 in the control of hepatic metabolism, we investigated both in vitro and in vivo the potential interrelationship between FTO and LepR-STAT3 signalling pathway in liver and the impact of FTO overexpression on leptin action and glucose homeostasis in liver of mice. Results We found that FTO protein expression is regulated by both leptin and IL-6, concomitantly to an induction of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation, in leptin receptor (LepRb) expressing HuH7 cells. In addition, FTO overexpression in vitro altered both leptin-induced Y705 and S727 STAT3 phosphorylation, leading to dysregulation of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) expression and mitochondrial density, respectively. In vivo, liver specific FTO overexpression in mice induced a reducetion of Y705 phosphorylation of STAT3 in nuclear fraction, associated with reduced SOCS3 and LepR mRNA levels and with an increased G6P expression. Interestingly, FTO overexpression also induced S727 STAT3 phosphorylation in liver mitochondria, resulting in an increase of mitochondria function and density. Altogether, these data indicate that FTO promotes mitochondrial recruitment of STAT3 to the detriment of its nuclear localization, affecting in turn oxidative metabolism and the expression of leptin-targeted genes. Interestingly, these effects were associated in mice with alterations of leptin action and hyperleptinemia, as well as hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance. Conclusions Altogether, these data point a novel regulatory loop between FTO and leptin-STAT3 signalling pathways in liver cells, and highlight a new role of FTO in the regulation of hepatic leptin action and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Rieusset
- INSERM U-1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, Université Lyon 1, INRA 1235, INSA de Lyon, Facultés de médecine Charles Mérieux, Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France.
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