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Meng X, Li X, Gao Y, Zhang S. Nuclear receptors as novel regulators that modulate cancer radiosensitivity and normal tissue radiotoxicity. Mol Cancer 2025; 24:155. [PMID: 40442680 PMCID: PMC12124050 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-025-02362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/20/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors that are involved in various pathophysiological processes. The human genome contains 48 types of nuclear receptors, including steroid hormone receptors (e.g., estrogen receptor [ER] and vitamin D receptor [VDR]), nonsteroid hormone receptors (e.g. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR] and retinoic acid receptor [RAR]), and orphan nuclear receptors (e.g. neuron-derived clone 77 [Nur77] and testicular nuclear receptor 4 [TR4]) and certain nuclear receptors are specifically overexpressed in tumor cells or surrounding normal tissues. Radiotherapy is one of the main methods of tumor treatment, but radioresistance in tumors and radiotoxicity to normal tissues strongly affect radiotherapy efficacy. Accumulating evidence has indicated the critical role of nuclear receptor modulators (including agonists and antagonists) as promising radiosensitizers in radiotherapy through various mechanisms. In addition, several nuclear receptors and their agonists alleviate normal tissue toxicity during radiotherapy. Thus, nuclear receptors serve as novel targets for tumor radiosensitization and for protecting of normal tissues from radiation damage. This review summarizes the research progress of nuclear receptors and highlights a promising synergistic strategy in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Meng
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, 214400, China.
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang, 621099, China.
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850000, China.
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2
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Tian C, Yang S, Zhang C, Zhu R, Chen C, Wang X, Zhang D, Sun Q, Xu H, Nie H, Zhang Y, Ji D, Tang J, Jin K, Sun Y. Dual Role of CRABP2 in Colorectal Cancer: Oncogenesis via Nuclear RB1 and Cytoplasmic AFG3L2/SLC25A39 Axis, While Limiting Liver Metastasis through Cytoplasmic AFG3L2/PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025:e2500552. [PMID: 40305785 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202500552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and metastasis involve numerous regulatory factors. Among these, cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) has been implicated as both a tumor activator and suppressor. Here, it is aimed to clarify the role of CRABP2 in CRC growth and metastasis and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating its cellular functions. Using both in vitro and in vivo models, including a colonocyte-specific CRABP2 conditional knockout mouse model (Crabp2ΔIEC) and a subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay in BALB/c nude mice, it is shown that nuclear CRABP2 enhances tumor growth by interacting with and downregulating the tumor suppressor RB1, whereas cytoplasmic CRABP2 suppresses CRC liver metastasis by interacting with AFG3L2 and promoting mitophagy. In addition, the AFG3L2-SLC25A39 axis is identified as a distinct mechanism by which cytoplasmic CRABP2 increases mitochondrial glutathione stability to promote cell proliferation independent of the nuclear RB1 pathway. Notably, analysis of tissue from CRC patients reveals that CRABP2 protein has distinct prognostic implications and functional roles in the progression and metastasis of CRC dependent on its subcellular localization. Ultimately, by elucidating the role of CRABP2 in CRC, it is aimed to provide new insight into disease pathogenesis and inform the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Renzhong Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Road, Yangzhou, 210029, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qingyang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hengjie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hongxu Nie
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dongjian Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Junwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kangpeng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Institute of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Precision Medicine and Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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3
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Regner MJ, Garcia-Recio S, Thennavan A, Wisniewska K, Mendez-Giraldez R, Felsheim B, Spanheimer PM, Parker JS, Perou CM, Franco HL. Defining the regulatory logic of breast cancer using single-cell epigenetic and transcriptome profiling. CELL GENOMICS 2025; 5:100765. [PMID: 39914387 PMCID: PMC11872555 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2025.100765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/12/2025]
Abstract
Annotation of cis-regulatory elements that drive transcriptional dysregulation in cancer cells is critical to understanding tumor biology. Herein, we present matched chromatin accessibility (single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing [scATAC-seq]) and transcriptome (single-cell RNA sequencing [scRNA-seq]) profiles at single-cell resolution from human breast tumors and healthy mammary tissues processed immediately following surgical resection. We identify the most likely cell of origin for subtype-specific breast tumors and implement linear mixed-effects modeling to quantify associations between regulatory elements and gene expression in malignant versus normal cells. These data unveil cancer-specific regulatory elements and putative silencer-to-enhancer switching events in cells that lead to the upregulation of clinically relevant oncogenes. In addition, we generate matched scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq profiles for breast cancer cell lines, revealing a conserved oncogenic gene expression program between in vitro and in vivo cells. This work highlights the importance of non-coding regulatory mechanisms that underlie oncogenic processes and the ability of single-cell multi-omics to define the regulatory logic of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Regner
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susana Garcia-Recio
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Aatish Thennavan
- Department of Systems Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kamila Wisniewska
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Raul Mendez-Giraldez
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brooke Felsheim
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip M Spanheimer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joel S Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hector L Franco
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR 00935, USA.
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4
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Fung L, Dranow DB, Subramanian A, Libby N, Schilling TF. Cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins regulate germ cell proliferation and sex determination in zebrafish. Development 2024; 151:dev202549. [PMID: 39575928 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
Cellular retinoic acid (RA)-binding proteins (Crabps) solubilize intracellular RA and transport it to its nuclear receptors or cytoplasmic degradation enzymes. Despite their extreme conservation across chordates, genetic studies of Crabp function have revealed few essential functions. We have generated loss-of-function mutations in all four zebrafish Crabps and find essential roles for Crabp2 proteins in gonad development and sex determination. Transgenic RA reporters show strong RA responses in germ cells at the bipotential stage of gonad development. Double mutants lacking the functions of both Crabp2a and Crabp2b predominantly become male, which correlates with their smaller gonad size and reduced germ cell proliferation during gonad development at late larval and early juvenile stages. In contrast, mutants lacking the functions of both Crabp1a and Crabp1b have normal sex ratios. Exogenous RA treatments at bipotential gonad stages increase germ cell number, consistent with a direct role for RA in promoting germ cell proliferation. Our results suggest essential functions for Crabps in gonad development and sex determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianna Fung
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA
| | - Daniel B Dranow
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA
| | - Arul Subramanian
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA
| | - Natalia Libby
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA
| | - Thomas F Schilling
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA
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5
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Pastok MW, Tomlinson CWE, Turberville S, Butler AM, Baslé A, Noble MEM, Endicott JA, Pohl E, Tatum NJ. Structural requirements for the specific binding of CRABP2 to cyclin D3. Structure 2024; 32:2301-2315.e6. [PMID: 39419021 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) transports retinoic acid from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it then transfers its cargo to retinoic acid receptor-containing complexes leading to activation of gene transcription. We demonstrate using purified proteins that CRABP2 is also a cyclin D3-specific binding protein and that the CRABP2 cyclin D3 binding site and the proposed CRABP2 nuclear localization sequence overlap. Both sequences are within the helix-loop-helix motif that forms a lid to the retinoic acid binding pocket. Mutations within this sequence that block both cyclin D3 and retinoic acid binding promote formation of a CRABP2 structure in which the retinoic acid binding pocket is occupied by an alternative lid conformation. Structural and functional analysis of CRABP2 and cyclin D3 mutants combined with AlphaFold models of the ternary CDK4/6-cyclin D3-CRABP2 complex supports the identification of an α-helical protein binding site on the cyclin D3 C-terminal cyclin box fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna W Pastok
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Charles W E Tomlinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Shannon Turberville
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Abbey M Butler
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Arnaud Baslé
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Martin E M Noble
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jane A Endicott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Ehmke Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Upper Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Natalie J Tatum
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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6
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Engfer ZJ, Palczewski K. The multifaceted roles of retinoids in eye development, vision, and retinal degenerative diseases. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 161:235-296. [PMID: 39870435 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2025]
Abstract
Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol; at-Rol) and its derivatives, known as retinoids, have been adopted by vertebrates to serve as visual chromophores and signaling molecules, particularly in the eye/retina. Few tissues rely on retinoids as heavily as the retina, and the study of genetically modified mouse models with deficiencies in specific retinoid-metabolizing proteins has allowed us to gain insight into the unique or redundant roles of these proteins in at-Rol uptake and storage, or their downstream roles in retinal development and function. These processes occur during embryogenesis and continue throughout life. This review delves into the role of these genes in supporting retinal function and maps the impact that genetically modified mouse models have had in studying retinoid-related genes. These models display distinct perturbations in retinoid biochemistry, physiology, and metabolic flux, mirroring human ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Engfer
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
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7
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Garge RK, Lynch V, Fields R, Casadei S, Best S, Stone J, Snyder M, McGann CD, Shendure J, Starita LM, Hamazaki N, Schweppe DK. The proteomic landscape and temporal dynamics of mammalian gastruloid development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.05.609098. [PMID: 39282277 PMCID: PMC11398484 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.05.609098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Gastrulation is the highly coordinated process by which the early embryo breaks symmetry, establishes germ layers and a body plan, and sets the stage for organogenesis. As early mammalian development is challenging to study in vivo, stem cell-derived models have emerged as powerful surrogates, e.g. human and mouse gastruloids. However, although single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) and high-resolution imaging have been extensively applied to characterize such in vitro embryo models, a paucity of measurements of protein dynamics and regulation leaves a major gap in our understanding. Here, we sought to address this by applying quantitative proteomics to human and mouse gastruloids at four key stages of their differentiation (naïve ESCs, primed ESCs, early gastruloids, late gastruloids). To the resulting data, we perform network analysis to map the dynamics of expression of macromolecular protein complexes and biochemical pathways, including identifying cooperative proteins that associate with them. With matched RNA-seq and phosphosite data from these same stages, we investigate pathway-, stage- and species-specific aspects of translational and post-translational regulation, e.g. finding peri-gastrulation stages of human and mice to be discordant with respect to the mitochondrial transcriptome vs. proteome, and nominating novel kinase-substrate relationships based on phosphosite dynamics. Finally, we leverage correlated dynamics to identify conserved protein networks centered around congenital disease genes. Altogether, our data (https://gastruloid.brotmanbaty.org/) and analyses showcase the potential of intersecting in vitro embryo models and proteomics to advance our understanding of early mammalian development in ways not possible through transcriptomics alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhiman K. Garge
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Valerie Lynch
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rose Fields
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Silvia Casadei
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sabrina Best
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeremy Stone
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew Snyder
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chris D. McGann
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Hub for Synthetic Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lea M. Starita
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Hamazaki
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Hub for Synthetic Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Devin K. Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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8
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Cai X, Lin W, Wu F, Song G, Qian Z, Wang Y. RARB associated with MSI, affects progression and prognosis of gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:285. [PMID: 39179979 PMCID: PMC11342619 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been widely acknowledged as an important factor regulating tumor intrinsic biological behavior and affecting the survival of gastric cancer patients. Here, we firstly identified the RARB as a gene associated with MSI gastric cancer. RARB was downregulated in human gastric cancer tissues compared to paired paracancerous tissues, Knockdown of RARB accelerated the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells in vitro. Mechanismly, RARB knockdown promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of gastric cancer. However, RARBLow patients exhibited better survival compared to RARBHigh patients. Further study revealed that RARB expression was inversely correlated with MSI status and immune infiltrates in vivo. Thus, RARB may be a potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufan Cai
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenfa Lin
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangyuan Song
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyuan Qian
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Choi WS, Liu RZ, Mak C, Maadi H, Godbout R. Overcoming retinoic acid resistance in HER2-enriched breast cancers: role of MYC. FEBS J 2024; 291:3521-3538. [PMID: 38708519 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
HER2-enriched (HER2+) breast cancers express high levels of the growth-promoting HER2 protein. Although these cancers are treated with the HER2-targeted drug, trastuzumab, resistance to treatment is common. Retinoic acid (RA) is an anti-cancer agent that has been successfully used for the treatment of leukemia and holds promise for the treatment of solid cancers, including breast cancer. The HER2 gene is frequently co-amplified with RARA, a key determinant of RA sensitivity in breast cancers. It seems surprising, therefore, that HER2+ breast cancers are refractory to RA treatment. Here, we show that MYC mediates RA resistance by suppressing the expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2), resulting in RARα inactivation. CRABP2 is an intracellular RA transporter that delivers RA to the nuclear receptor RARα for its activation. Our results indicate that response to RA is enhanced by MYC depletion in HER2+ breast cancer cells and that RA treatment enhances trastuzumab responsiveness. Our findings support the use of RA and trastuzumab for the treatment of subsets of patients with breast cancers that are HER2-RARα co-amplified and have low levels of MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Shik Choi
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Rong-Zong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Caitlin Mak
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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10
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Liu J, Tang L, Chu W, Wei L. Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein 2 (CRABP2), Up-regulated by HPV E6/E7, Leads to Aberrant Activation of the Integrin β1/FAK/ERK Signaling Pathway and Aggravates the Malignant Phenotypes of Cervical Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2686-2701. [PMID: 38001389 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The ectopic expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is associated with various tumorigenesis. However, the effects of CRABP2 on the progression of cervical cancer are still unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the role of CRABP2 in the malignant phenotypes of cervical cancer cells. CRABP2 was artificially regulated in CaSki, SiHa, and C-33A cells. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the cell proliferation and apoptosis abilities, respectively. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were employed to measure the cell migration and invasion abilities, respectively. The results showed that CRABP2 was highly expressed in cervical carcinoma tissues and cell lines, and its high expression was associated with poor overall survival. Knockdown of CRABP2 promoted the cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in cervical carcinoma cells, whereas CRABP2 overexpression exhibited the opposite results. Mechanically, CRABP2 silencing suppressed the Integrin β1/FAK/ERK signaling via HuR. Treatment with siITGB1 or a FAK inhibitor PF-562271 or an ERK inhibitor FR180204 reversed the promoting effects of CRABP2 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, the overexpression of CRABP2 reverted the HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in cervical cancer cells. These results suggested that HPV16 E6/E7 promoted the malignant phenotypes of cervical cancer by upregulating the expression of CRABP2. In conclusion, CRABP2, upregulated by HPV E6/E7, promoted the progression of cervical cancer through activating the Integrin β1/FAK/ERK signaling pathway via HuR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China
- Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Wenzhu Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Heilongjiang, 157001, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Institute for Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen; The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory, Heilongjiang, 150081, China.
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11
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Regner MJ, Garcia-Recio S, Thennavan A, Wisniewska K, Mendez-Giraldez R, Felsheim B, Spanheimer PM, Parker JS, Perou CM, Franco HL. Defining the Regulatory Logic of Breast Cancer Using Single-Cell Epigenetic and Transcriptome Profiling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598858. [PMID: 38948758 PMCID: PMC11212881 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Annotation of the cis-regulatory elements that drive transcriptional dysregulation in cancer cells is critical to improving our understanding of tumor biology. Herein, we present a compendium of matched chromatin accessibility (scATAC-seq) and transcriptome (scRNA-seq) profiles at single-cell resolution from human breast tumors and healthy mammary tissues processed immediately following surgical resection. We identify the most likely cell-of-origin for luminal breast tumors and basal breast tumors and then introduce a novel methodology that implements linear mixed-effects models to systematically quantify associations between regions of chromatin accessibility (i.e. regulatory elements) and gene expression in malignant cells versus normal mammary epithelial cells. These data unveil regulatory elements with that switch from silencers of gene expression in normal cells to enhancers of gene expression in cancer cells, leading to the upregulation of clinically relevant oncogenes. To translate the utility of this dataset into tractable models, we generated matched scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq profiles for breast cancer cell lines, revealing, for each subtype, a conserved oncogenic gene expression program between in vitro and in vivo cells. Together, this work highlights the importance of non-coding regulatory mechanisms that underlie oncogenic processes and the ability of single-cell multi-omics to define the regulatory logic of BC cells at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Regner
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Susana Garcia-Recio
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Aatish Thennavan
- Department of Systems Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
| | - Kamila Wisniewska
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Raul Mendez-Giraldez
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brooke Felsheim
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Philip M. Spanheimer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joel S. Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Charles M. Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hector L. Franco
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Division of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR 00935
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12
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Marino V, Phromkrasae W, Bertacchi M, Cassini P, Chakrabandhu K, Dell'Orco D, Studer M. Disrupted protein interaction dynamics in a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder revealed by structural bioinformatics and genetic code expansion. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4953. [PMID: 38511490 PMCID: PMC10955615 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Deciphering the structural effects of gene variants is essential for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of genetic diseases. Using a neurodevelopmental disorder called Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome (BBSOAS) as a genetic disease model, we applied structural bioinformatics and Genetic Code Expansion (GCE) strategies to assess the pathogenic impact of human NR2F1 variants and their binding with known and novel partners. While the computational analyses of the NR2F1 structure delineated the molecular basis of the impact of several variants on the isolated and complexed structures, the GCE enabled covalent and site-specific capture of transient supramolecular interactions in living cells. This revealed the variable quaternary conformations of NR2F1 variants and highlighted the disrupted interplay with dimeric partners and the newly identified co-factor, CRABP2. The disclosed consequence of the pathogenic mutations on the conformation, supramolecular interplay, and alterations in the cell cycle, viability, and sub-cellular localization of the different variants reflect the heterogeneous disease spectrum of BBSOAS and set up novel foundation for unveiling the complexity of neurodevelopmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Marino
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | | | | | - Paul Cassini
- University Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBVNiceFrance
| | | | - Daniele Dell'Orco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
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13
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Agellon LB. Importance of fatty acid binding proteins in cellular function and organismal metabolism. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e17703. [PMID: 36876733 PMCID: PMC10902576 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (Fabps) are small soluble proteins that are abundant in the cytosol. These proteins are known to bind a myriad of small hydrophobic molecules and have been postulated to serve a variety of roles, yet their precise functions have remained an enigma over half a century of study. Here, we consider recent findings, along with the cumulative findings contributed by many laboratories working on Fabps over the last half century, to synthesize a new outlook for what functions Fabps serve in cells and organisms. Collectively, the findings illustrate that Fabps function as versatile multi-purpose devices serving as sensors, conveyors and modulators to enable cells to detect and handle a specific class of metabolites, and to adjust their metabolic capacity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B. Agellon
- School of Human NutritionMcGill UniversitySte. Anne de BellevueQuebecCanada
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14
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Brown A, Furmanczyk M, Ramos D, Ribes A, Pons L, Bustos J, de Henestrosa ARF, Granger C, Jourdan E. Natural Retinol Analogs Potentiate the Effects of Retinal on Aged and Photodamaged Skin: Results from In Vitro to Clinical Studies. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:2299-2317. [PMID: 37615835 PMCID: PMC10539272 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-01004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plants are a source of natural ingredients with retinol-like properties that can deliver anti-aging benefits without the side effects typically associated with retinoid use. We hypothesized that by combining two such analogs, bakuchiol (BAK) and Vigna aconitifolia extract (VAE), with the potent retinoid retinal (RAL), the anti-photoaging potential of RAL could be enhanced without compromising its skin irritation profile. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that BAK and VAE potentiate the anti-photoaging activity of RAL. METHODS Gene expression profiling of full-thickness reconstructed skin was first used to examine the impact of BAK or VAE in combination with RAL on skin biology. Next, the irritative potential of this combination, and its capacity to reverse key signs of photoaging in an ex vivo model was assessed. Finally, a proof-of-concept open label clinical study was performed to evaluate the anti-photoaging capacity and skin compatibility of a cosmetic formulation (tri-retinoid complex; 3RC) containing this complex in combination with other well characterized anti-photoaging ingredients. RESULTS In vitro profiling suggested that combining 0.1% RAL with BAK or VAE potentiates the effect of RAL on keratinocyte differentiation and skin barrier function without affecting its skin irritation profile. When formulated with other anti-photoaging ingredients, such as niacinamide and melatonin, 3RC reversed ultraviolet radiation-induced deficits in structural components of the dermal extracellular matrix, including hyaluronic acid and collagen. In vivo, it led to a reversal of clinical signs of age and photodamage, with statistically significant improvement to skin firmness (+5.6%), skin elasticity (+13.9%), wrinkle count (-43.2%), and skin tone homogeneity (+7.0%), observed within 28 days of once nightly use. Notably, the number of crow's feet wrinkles was reduced in 100% of subjects. Furthermore, 3RC was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION These data suggest that 3RC is a highly effective and well-tolerated treatment for photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Brown
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Furmanczyk
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Ramos
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Ribes
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Pons
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Bustos
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Corinne Granger
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
- Stella Polaris Europe, Paris, France
| | - Eric Jourdan
- Innovation and Development, ISDIN, Carrer de Provençals 33, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Shi J, Peng B, Zhou X, Wang C, Xu R, Lu T, Chang X, Shen Z, Wang K, Xu C, Zhang L. An anoikis-based gene signature for predicting prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma and revealing immune infiltration. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12089-12102. [PMID: 37421452 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive, treatment-resistant tumor. Anoikis is a particular type of programmed apoptosis brought on by the separation of cell-cell or extracellular matrix (ECM). Anoikis has been recognized as a crucial element in the development of tumors. However, few studies have comprehensively examined the role of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in malignant mesothelioma. METHODS ARGs were gathered from the GeneCard database and the Harmonizome portals. We obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the GEO database. Univariate Cox regression analysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were utilized to select ARGs associated with the prognosis of MPM. We then developed a risk model, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calibration curves were employed to confirm the ability of the model. The patients were divided into various subgroups using consensus clustering analysis. Based on the median risk score, patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups. Functional analysis and immune cell infiltration analysis were conducted to estimate molecular mechanisms and the immune infiltration landscape of patients. Finally, drug sensitivity analysis and tumor microenvironment landscape were further explored. RESULTS A novel risk model was constructed based on the six ARGs. The patients were successfully divided into two subgroups by consensus clustering analysis, with a striking difference in the prognosis and landscape of immune infiltration. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the OS rate of the low-risk group was significantly higher than the high-risk group. Functional analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis showed that high- and low-risk groups had different immune statuses and drug sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we developed a novel risk model to predict MPM prognosis based on six selected ARGs, which could broaden comprehension of personalized and precise therapy approaches for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyou Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Chen S, Cao R, Xiang L, Li Z, Chen H, Zhang J, Feng X. Research progress in nucleus-targeted tumor therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6436-6456. [PMID: 37609783 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01116j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus is considered the most important organelle in the cell as it plays a central role in controlling cell reproduction, metabolism, and the cell cycle. The successful delivery of drugs into the nucleus can achieve excellent therapeutic effects, which reveals the potential of nucleus-targeted therapy in precision medicine. However, the transportation of therapeutics into the nucleus remains a significant challenge due to various biological barriers. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in the nucleus-targeted drug delivery system (NDDS). The structures of the nucleus and nuclear envelope are first described in order to understand the mechanisms by which drugs cross the nuclear envelope. Then, various drug delivery strategies based on the mechanisms and their applications are discussed. Finally, the challenges and solutions in the field of nucleus-targeted drug delivery are raised for developing a more efficient NDDS and promoting its clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Rumeng Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Jiumeng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Xuli Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
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17
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Larange A, Takazawa I, Kakugawa K, Thiault N, Ngoi S, Olive ME, Iwaya H, Seguin L, Vicente-Suarez I, Becart S, Verstichel G, Balancio A, Altman A, Chang JT, Taniuchi I, Lillemeier B, Kronenberg M, Myers SA, Cheroutre H. A regulatory circuit controlled by extranuclear and nuclear retinoic acid receptor α determines T cell activation and function. Immunity 2023; 56:2054-2069.e10. [PMID: 37597518 PMCID: PMC10552917 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Ligation of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) by RA promotes varied transcriptional programs associated with immune activation and tolerance, but genetic deletion approaches suggest the impact of RARα on TCR signaling. Here, we examined whether RARα would exert roles beyond transcriptional regulation. Specific deletion of the nuclear isoform of RARα revealed an RARα isoform in the cytoplasm of T cells. Extranuclear RARα was rapidly phosphorylated upon TCR stimulation and recruited to the TCR signalosome. RA interfered with extranuclear RARα signaling, causing suboptimal TCR activation while enhancing FOXP3+ regulatory T cell conversion. TCR activation induced the expression of CRABP2, which translocates RA to the nucleus. Deletion of Crabp2 led to increased RA in the cytoplasm and interfered with signalosome-RARα, resulting in impaired anti-pathogen immunity and suppressed autoimmune disease. Our findings underscore the significance of subcellular RA/RARα signaling in T cells and identify extranuclear RARα as a component of the TCR signalosome and a determinant of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Larange
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ikuo Takazawa
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kiyokazu Kakugawa
- Laboratory for Immune Crosstalk, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nicolas Thiault
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - SooMun Ngoi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Meagan E Olive
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hitoshi Iwaya
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Laetitia Seguin
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ildefonso Vicente-Suarez
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Stephane Becart
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Greet Verstichel
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ann Balancio
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Amnon Altman
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John T Chang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ichiro Taniuchi
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Bjorn Lillemeier
- Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, IMPL-L, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Samuel A Myers
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Laboratory for Immunochemical Circuits, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Hilde Cheroutre
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Laboratory for Immune Crosstalk, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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18
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Basu S, Nandy A, Ghosh A, Mall DP, Biswas D. Degradation of CDK9 by Ubiquitin E3 Ligase STUB1 Regulates P-TEFb Level and Its Functions for Global Target Gene Expression within Mammalian Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:451-471. [PMID: 37564002 PMCID: PMC10512928 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2239694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) regulates expression of diverse sets of genes within mammalian cells that have implications in several human disease pathogeneses. However, mechanisms of functional regulation of P-TEFb complex through regulation of its stability are poorly known. In this study, we show an important role of C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP aka STUB1) in regulation of overall level of CDK9 and thus P-TEFb complex within mammalian cells. STUB1 acts as a ubiquitin E3 ligase for proteasomal degradation of CDK9 involving N-terminal lysine 3 (K3) residue. Whereas, overexpression of STUB1 enhances, its knockdown reduces overall CDK9 degradation kinetics within mammalian cells. Interestingly, owing to the same region of binding within CDK9, CyclinT1 protects CDK9 from STUB1-mediated degradation. Factors that cooperatively bind with CyclinT1 to form functional complex also protects CDK9 from degradation by STUB1. Knockdown of STUB1 enhances CDK9 expression and thus P-TEFb complex formation that leads to global increase in RNA polymerase II CTD phosphorylation and transcriptional activation of diverse P-TEFb target genes. Thus, we describe an important functional role of STUB1 in regulation of transcription through modulation of overall level of P-TEFb complex formation within mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Basu
- Laboratory of Transcription Biology, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Arijit Nandy
- Laboratory of Transcription Biology, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Avik Ghosh
- Laboratory of Transcription Biology, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dheerendra Pratap Mall
- Laboratory of Transcription Biology, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Laboratory of Transcription Biology, Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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19
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Vitamin A in Skin and Hair: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142952. [PMID: 35889909 PMCID: PMC9324272 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient necessary for the growth of healthy skin and hair. However, both too little and too much vitamin A has deleterious effects. Retinoic acid and retinal are the main active metabolites of vitamin A. Retinoic acid dose-dependently regulates hair follicle stem cells, influencing the functioning of the hair cycle, wound healing, and melanocyte stem cells. Retinoic acid also influences melanocyte differentiation and proliferation in a dose-dependent and temporal manner. Levels of retinoids decline when exposed to ultraviolet irradiation in the skin. Retinal is necessary for the phototransduction cascade that initiates melanogenesis but the source of that retinal is currently unknown. This review discusses new research on retinoids and their effects on the skin and hair.
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20
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Kim DH, Ahn J, Suh Y, Ziouzenkova O, Lee JW, Lee K. Retinol Binding Protein 7 Promotes Adipogenesis in vitro and Regulates Expression of Genes Involved in Retinol Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:876031. [PMID: 35493071 PMCID: PMC9047791 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.876031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinol is an essential nutrient in animals. Its metabolites, specifically retinoic acid (RA), are crucial for cell differentiation, including adipogenesis. Retinol binding protein 7 (Rbp7) is under the control of PPARγ, the master regulator of adipogenesis. However, the role of RBP7 in adipogenesis is unclear. Our study showed that Rbp7 was abundantly expressed in white and brown mouse adipose tissues and had a higher expression in adipocytes than in stromal vascular fraction. Rbp7 overexpression promoted 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation with increased triglyceride accumulation and up-regulation of Pparγ, Fabp4, C/ebpα, and AdipoQ. Rbp7 deficient adipocytes had opposite effects of the overexpression, which were rescued by RA supplementation. Indirect assessment of relative nuclear RA levels using RAR response element (RARE)-Luc reporter assay demonstrated that Rbp7 overexpression significantly increased RARE-Luc reporter activity. Rbp7 overexpression significantly increased expression of Raldh1, responsible for RA production, and up-regulation of Lrat and Cyp26a1, involved in retinol storage and RA catabolism, respectively, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Rbp7 deficient adipocytes had opposite effects of the overexpression of those genes involved in retinol metabolism. These data suggest that RBP7 increases transcriptional activity of RARE that may induce negative feedback responses via regulation of the gene expression for retinol homeostasis. Our data indicate critical RBP7 functions in adipocytes: regulation of transcriptional activity of RARE and adipocytes differentiation, potentially providing a new target for obesity therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hwan Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jinsoo Ahn
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yeunsu Suh
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ouliana Ziouzenkova
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jeong-Woong Lee, ; Kichoon Lee,
| | - Kichoon Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeong-Woong Lee, ; Kichoon Lee,
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21
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Yu S, Wang L, Che D, Zhang M, Li M, Naito M, Xin W, Zhou L. Targeting CRABP-II overcomes pancreatic cancer drug resistance by reversing lipid raft cholesterol accumulation and AKT survival signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:88. [PMID: 35260193 PMCID: PMC8903155 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to standard therapy is a major reason for the poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Developing novel therapy to overcome PDAC drug-resistance is urgently needed. CRABP-II was highly expressed in all PDAC but not expressed in normal pancreatic tissues and chronic pancreatitis. CRABP-II was shown to promote PDAC migration and metastasis while its potential role in promoting PDAC drug-resistance was not known. METHODS A paired cohort of human primary and relapsing PDAC tissues was assessed for CRABP-II expression by immunohistochemistry. CRISPR/cas9 gene editing was used to establish CRABP-II knockout cell lines and MTT assays were performed to assess gemcitabine sensitivity in vitro. Cleaved caspase-3/PARP blots and Annexin V staining were conducted to detect cell apoptosis. Gene expression microarray, Q-PCR, western blots, Co-IP and RNA-IP were used to study the molecular function of CRABP-II. Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation was applied to isolate lipid rafts and LC-MS-MS was used to assess cholesterol content. Both subcutaneous CDX models and orthotopic PDX models were established to examine the efficacy of SNIPER-11 and the synergistic effect between SNIPER-11 and gemcitabine in vivo. RESULTS A higher expression of CRABP-II was found in relapsing PDAC tissue and was associated with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine-resistant cell lines exhibited increased level of CRABP-II, while CRABP-II knockout resensitized PDAC cells to gemcitabine. Mechanistically, aberrant expression of CRABP-II increased the stability of SREBP-1c mRNA through cooperation with HuR and upregulated the downstream genes of SREBP-1c to favor cholesterol uptake and accumulation in lipid rafts. Increased lipid raft cholesterol accumulation facilitated ATK survival signaling and PDAC drug resistance. The small compound SNIPER-11 treatment effectively induced CRABP-II protein degradation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth. Combination of SNIPER-11 and gemcitabine significantly reduced the lipid raft cholesterol content in CDX/PDX and profoundly inhibited tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS These findings identified CRABP-II as a novel regulator of cholesterol metabolism and suggested that CRABP-II is a selective target for overcoming PDAC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiliang Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Danian Che
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Division of Biostatistics of the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angles, California, USA
| | - Mikihiko Naito
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wei Xin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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22
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Ye L, Liu R, Lin P, Wang W. Krüppel-like transcription factor 16 transcriptional up-regulation of cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins-2 promotes the invasion and migration and inhibits apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells by regulating integrin-β1/focal adhesion kinase /extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:3694-3706. [PMID: 35671035 PMCID: PMC8973949 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2024977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common intraocular malignancy in pediatrics, retinoblastoma (RB) has high prevalence worldwide. We conducted this study, aiming to explore the molecular mechanism of Krüppel-like transcription factor 16 (KLF16)/cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins-2 (CRABP2) in regulating the invasion and migration and apoptosis of RB cells via integrin-β1/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. With the adoption of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot, the mRNA and protein expression of CRABP2 and KLF16 were measured. In addition, the proliferation, clone formation ability and migration were detected with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), clone formation and wound healing assays, respectively. Furthermore, the invasion and apoptosis of transfected WERI-RB1 cells were evaluated with transwell and Tunel assays. With the application of Western blot, the expressions of proliferation-, apoptosis- and pathway-related proteins were assayed. The combination of KLF16 and CRABP2 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). In this study, we found that CRABP2 gained a huge growth in RB cells and its silence promoted apoptosis but suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of WERI-RB1 cells. In addition, KLF16 could bind to CRABP2. It was also found that KLF16 overexpression reversed the effects of CRABP2 silence on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of WERI-RB1 cells. What is more, CRABP2 silence blocked integrin-β1/FAK/ERK signaling pathway. In conclusion, KLF16 transcriptional up-regulation of CRABP2 promoted proliferation, invasion and migration but inhibited apoptosis of RB cells by activating integrin-β1/FAK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ye
- Optometry Center, Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ru Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Optometry Center, Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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23
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Toke O. Structural and Dynamic Determinants of Molecular Recognition in Bile Acid-Binding Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:505. [PMID: 35008930 PMCID: PMC8745080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders in bile acid transport and metabolism have been related to a number of metabolic disease states, atherosclerosis, type-II diabetes, and cancer. Bile acid-binding proteins (BABPs), a subfamily of intracellular lipid-binding proteins (iLBPs), have a key role in the cellular trafficking and metabolic targeting of bile salts. Within the family of iLBPs, BABPs exhibit unique binding properties including positive binding cooperativity and site-selectivity, which in different tissues and organisms appears to be tailored to the local bile salt pool. Structural and biophysical studies of the past two decades have shed light on the mechanism of bile salt binding at the atomic level, providing us with a mechanistic picture of ligand entry and release, and the communication between the binding sites. In this review, we discuss the emerging view of bile salt recognition in intestinal- and liver-BABPs, with examples from both mammalian and non-mammalian species. The structural and dynamic determinants of the BABP-bile-salt interaction reviewed herein set the basis for the design and development of drug candidates targeting the transcellular traffic of bile salts in enterocytes and hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Toke
- Laboratory for NMR Spectroscopy, Structural Research Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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24
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Human FKBP5 negatively regulates transcription through inhibition of P-TEFb complex formation. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 42:e0034421. [PMID: 34780285 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00344-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although large number of recent studies indicate strong association of FKBP5 (aka FKBP51) functions with various stress-related psychiatric disorder, the overall mechanisms are poorly understood. Beyond a few studies indicating its functions in regulating glucocorticoid receptor-, and AKT-signalling pathways, other functional roles (if any) are unclear. In this study, we report an anti-proliferative role of human FKBP5 through negative regulation of expression of proliferation-related genes. Mechanistically, we show that, owing to same region of interaction on CDK9, human FKBP5 directly competes with CyclinT1 for functional P-TEFb complex formation. In vitro biochemical coupled with cell-based assays, showed strong negative effect of FKBP5 on P-TEFb-mediated phosphorylation of diverse substrates. Consistently, FKBP5 knockdown showed enhanced P-TEFb complex formation leading to increased global RNA polymerase II CTD phosphorylation and expression of proliferation-related genes and subsequent proliferation. Thus, our results show an important role of FKBP5 in negative regulation of P-TEFb functions within mammalian cells.
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25
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Suo L, VanBuren C, Hovland ED, Kedishvili NY, Sundberg JP, Everts HB. Dietary Vitamin A Impacts Refractory Telogen. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:571474. [PMID: 33614636 PMCID: PMC7892905 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.571474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles cycle through periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), rest (telogen), and release (exogen). Telogen is further divided into refractory and competent telogen based on expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and wingless-related MMTV integration site 7A (WNT7A). During refractory telogen hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) are inhibited. Retinoic acid synthesis proteins localized to the hair follicle and this localization pattern changed throughout the hair cycle. In addition, excess retinyl esters arrested hair follicles in telogen. The purpose of this study was to further define these hair cycle changes. BMP4 and WNT7A expression was also used to distinguish refractory from competent telogen in C57BL/6J mice fed different levels of retinyl esters from two previous studies. These two studies produced opposite results; and differed in the amount of retinyl esters the dams consumed and the age of the mice when the different diet began. There were a greater percentage of hair follicles in refractory telogen both when mice were bred on an unpurified diet containing copious levels of retinyl esters (study 1) and consumed excess levels of retinyl esters starting at 12 weeks of age, as well as when mice were bred on a purified diet containing adequate levels of retinyl esters (study 2) and remained on this diet at 6 weeks of age. WNT7A expression was consistent with these results. Next, the localization of vitamin A metabolism proteins in the two stages of telogen was examined. Keratin 6 (KRT6) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) localized almost exclusively to refractory telogen hair follicles in study 1. However, KRT6 and CRABP2 localized to both competent and refractory telogen hair follicles in mice fed adequate and high levels of retinyl esters in study 2. In mice bred and fed an unpurified diet retinol dehydrogenase SDR16C5, retinal dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH1A2), and cytochrome p450 26B1 (CYP26B1), enzymes and proteins involved in RA metabolism, localized to BMP4 positive refractory telogen hair follicles. This suggests that vitamin A may contribute to the inhibition of HFSC during refractory telogen in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Suo
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christine VanBuren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Eylul Damla Hovland
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | - Helen B Everts
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, United States
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26
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Tomlinson CWE, Cornish KAS, Whiting A, Pohl E. Structure-functional relationship of cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins I and II interacting with natural and synthetic ligands. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:164-175. [PMID: 33559606 PMCID: PMC7869897 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320015247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the interactions between small-molecule ligands and their proposed binding targets is of the utmost importance for modern drug-development programs. Cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins I and II (CRABPI and CRABPII) facilitate a number of vital retinoid signalling pathways in mammalian cells and offer a gateway to manipulation of signalling that could potentially reduce phenotypes in serious diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Although structurally very similar, the two proteins possess distinctly different biological functions, with their signalling influence being exerted through both genomic and nongenomic pathways. In this article, crystal structures are presented of the L29C mutant of Homo sapiens CRABPI in complex with naturally occurring fatty acids (1.64 Å resolution) and with the synthetic retinoid DC645 (2.41 Å resolution), and of CRABPII in complex with the ligands DC479 (1.80 Å resolution) and DC645 (1.71 Å resolution). DC645 and DC479 are two potential drug compounds identified in a recent synthetic retinoid development program. In particular, DC645 has recently been shown to have disease-modifying capabilities in neurodegenerative disease models by activating both genomic and nongenomic signalling pathways. These co-crystal structures demonstrate a canonical binding behaviour akin to that exhibited with all-trans-retinoic acid and help to explain how the compounds are able to exert an influence on part of the retinoid signalling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. E. Tomlinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Katy A. S. Cornish
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Whiting
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ehmke Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Upper Mountjoy, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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27
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Nogueira TR, de Oliveira VA, Pereira IC, de Carvalho CMRG, Péres-Rodrigues G, do Carmo de Carvalho e Martins M, de Macedo G. Frota K, de Azevedo Paiva A, de Jesus e Silva de Almendra Freitas B. Vitamin A: Modulating Effect on Breast Carcinogenesis. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200706011813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer has a multifactorial etiology and, among the main causal factors, the dietary
profile stands out, mainly the components of the pro-inflammatory diet and their interaction with genetic
characteristics. In this sense, deciphering the molecular networks involved in the proliferation
of cancer cells in breast tissue can determine ways of action of organic compounds that modulate the
pathogenesis of cancer, such as vitamin A and analogs, as well as their possible mechanisms of modulation
of breast tumorigenesis. This is a review study conducted according to the guidelines of the
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and by consulting
the PubMed and Web of Science databases including articles, published in Portuguese, English and
Spanish, in the last five years. 126 articles were obtained, of which 13 were selected for full analysis
and only 6 were included in the study for meeting the eligibility criteria. The results of the compiled
studies demonstrate the role of some retinol-binding proteins in metabolism, as well as in differentiation,
cell proliferation and inflammation. Although controversial, the results point to the use of these
proteins as possible prognostic markers. The need for further studies in humans is also emphasized in
order to assess the main effects of vitamin isoforms on tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís R. Nogueira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Victor A. de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Irislene C. Pereira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
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28
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Alhusayen R, Vu TT, Almuhanna N, Wohlmuth-Wieser I, Hardin J, Hughes JDM, Chia J, Street L, Shear NH, Walsh SR, Gniadecki R. Evaluation of Alitretinoin for the Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Dermatology 2021; 237:479-485. [PMID: 33429396 DOI: 10.1159/000512484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). There is currently no cure for CTCL, and treatment is aimed at limiting disease progression. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of alitretinoin in CTCL management. METHODS A retrospective, multicenter study was conducted on CTCL patients treated with alitretinoin as a primary agent or in combination with standard therapies. RESULTS Forty-eight patients with MF (n = 40) and SS (n = 8) with a median age of 59.7 years (±14.3) were eligible for study inclusion. Treatment response data were evaluated in 40 patients and safety in 42 patients. 40.0% of the patients had early-stage, 43.8% had advanced-stage CTCL, and in 16.7% of patients there was insufficient information for staging. 40.0% (16/40) of the patients achieved a complete or partial response, whereas 47.5% (19/40) achieved stable disease, 12.5% (5/40) had progressive disease, and there were no cases of disease relapses in responders. Both early and advanced stages of CTCL were responsive to alitretinoin as a primary or combined modality. Alitretinoin was well tolerated, and 64.3% (27/42) of patients did not report any side effects. The most commonly observed side effect was hypertriglyceridemia. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective analysis supports the efficacy and safety of alitretinoin in clearing skin disease and preventing disease progression in CTCL as a monotherapy or in combination with standard therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Alhusayen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, .,Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
| | - Trang Tuyet Vu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nouf Almuhanna
- Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser
- Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jori Hardin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Justin Chia
- Department of Dermatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leslie Street
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Neil Hartley Shear
- Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Richard Walsh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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29
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Everts HB, Akuailou EN. Retinoids in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Nutrients 2021; 13:E153. [PMID: 33466372 PMCID: PMC7824907 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies as early as the 1920s suggested that vitamin A deficiency leads to squamous cell metaplasia in numerous epithelial tissues including the skin. However, humans usually die from vitamin A deficiency before cancers have time to develop. A recent long-term cohort study found that high dietary vitamin A reduced the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). cSCC is a form of nonmelanoma skin cancer that primarily occurs from excess exposure to ultraviolet light B (UVB). These cancers are expensive to treat and can lead to metastasis and death. Oral synthetic retinoids prevent the reoccurrence of cSCC, but side effects limit their use in chemoprevention. Several proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism and signaling are altered in cSCC, which may lead to retinoid resistance. The expression of vitamin A metabolism proteins may also have prognostic value. This article reviews what is known about natural and synthetic retinoids and their metabolism in cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen B Everts
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76209, USA
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30
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Suárez M, Canclini L, Esteves A. Identification of a non-classical three-dimensional nuclear localization signal in the intestinal fatty acid binding protein. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242312. [PMID: 33180886 PMCID: PMC7660557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is a small protein expressed along the small intestine that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. Several lines of evidence suggest that, once in the nucleus, it interacts with nuclear receptors, activating them and thus transferring the bound ligand into the nucleus. Previous work by our group suggests that FABP2 would participate in the cytoplasm-nucleus translocation of fatty acids. Because the consensus NLS is absent in the sequence of FABP2, we propose that a 3D signal could be responsible for its nuclear translocation. The results obtained by transfection assays of recombinant wild type and mutated forms of Danio rerio Fabp2 in Caco-2 cell cultures, showed that lysine 17, arginine 29 and lysine 30 residues, which are located in the helix-turn-helix region, would constitute a functional non-classical three-dimensional NLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Suárez
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Canclini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Esteves
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- * E-mail:
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31
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Chen Q, Tan L, Jin Z, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Downregulation of CRABP2 Inhibit the Tumorigenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vivo and In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3098327. [PMID: 32685464 PMCID: PMC7334762 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3098327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) binds retinoic acid (RA) in the cytoplasm and transports it into the nucleus, allowing for the regulation of specific downstream signal pathway. Abnormal expression of CRABP2 has been detected in the development of several tumors. However, the role of CRABP2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has never been revealed. The current study aimed to investigate the role of CRABP2 in HCC and illuminate the potential molecular mechanisms. The expression of CRABP2 in HCC tissues and cell lines was detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays. Our results demonstrated that the expression levels of CRABP2 in HCC tissues were elevated with the tumor stage development, and it was also elevated in HCC cell lines. To evaluate the function of CRABP2, shRNA-knockdown strategy was used in HCC cells. Cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis were analyzed by CCK-8, EdU staining, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Based on our results, knockdown of CRABP2 by shRNA resulted in the inhibition of tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, followed by increased tumor apoptosis-related protein expression and decreased ERK/VEGF pathway-related proteins expression. CRABP2 silencing in HCC cells also resulted in the failure to develop tumors in vivo. These results provide important insights into the role of CRABP2 in the development and development of HCC. Based on our findings, CRABP2 may be used as a novel diagnostic biomarker, and regulation of CRABP2 in HCC may provide a potential molecular target for the therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ludong Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
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32
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Fadel L, Rehó B, Volkó J, Bojcsuk D, Kolostyák Z, Nagy G, Müller G, Simandi Z, Hegedüs É, Szabó G, Tóth K, Nagy L, Vámosi G. Agonist binding directs dynamic competition among nuclear receptors for heterodimerization with retinoid X receptor. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10045-10061. [PMID: 32513869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor (RXR) plays a pivotal role as a transcriptional regulator and serves as an obligatory heterodimerization partner for at least 20 other nuclear receptors (NRs). Given a potentially limiting/sequestered pool of RXR and simultaneous expression of several RXR partners, we hypothesized that NRs compete for binding to RXR and that this competition is directed by specific agonist treatment. Here, we tested this hypothesis on three NRs: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), vitamin D receptor (VDR), and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα). The evaluation of competition relied on a nuclear translocation assay applied in a three-color imaging model system by detecting changes in heterodimerization between RXRα and one of its partners (NR1) in the presence of another competing partner (NR2). Our results indicated dynamic competition between the NRs governed by two mechanisms. First, in the absence of agonist treatment, there is a hierarchy of affinities between RXRα and its partners in the following order: RARα > PPARγ > VDR. Second, upon agonist treatment, RXRα favors the liganded partner. We conclude that recruiting RXRα by the liganded NR not only facilitates a stimulus-specific cellular response but also might impede other NR pathways involving RXRα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Fadel
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint Rehó
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Julianna Volkó
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Bojcsuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolostyák
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Simandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Hegedüs
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Tóth
- Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laszlo Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary .,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - György Vámosi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Abstract
Retinoic acid receptors were discovered during early studies of the actions and mechanisms of essential vitamins. Vitamin A is metabolized in the body to retinoic acid (RA) which is a key compound in the control of many developmental processes in chordates. These functions are mediated by a subfamily of nuclear receptors, divided into two classes, the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and the retinoid X receptors (RXR). Each class is encoded by three closely related genes that are located on different chromosomes. The three proteins in each class are designated α, β and γ, respectively. A wealth of structural studies have shown that they all share the same architecture including a DNA-binding domain connected by a flexible linker to the ligand and co-activator binding domain. Retinoic acid incorporation into the ligand-binding domain leads to a conformational change enabling the formation of RAR homodimers or RAR/RXR heterodimers that in turn bind specifically to target DNA sequences. The consensus sequences located on the promotors of regulated genes are known as retinoic acid response elements (RARE). The activated RAR/RXR homodimers recruit co-activators with histone acetylase activity leading to an opening of the chromatin structure and enabling downstream transcription of regulated genes. These canonical pathways describe the control mechanism for the majority of developmental processes mediated by retinoic acid and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehmke Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; Department of Bioscience, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom; Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.
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Napoli JL, Yoo HS. Retinoid metabolism and functions mediated by retinoid binding-proteins. Methods Enzymol 2020; 637:55-75. [PMID: 32359659 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular retinoid-binding proteins (BP) chaperone retinol through esterification, conversion of retinol into retinal, reduction of retinal, conversion of retinal into all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), and ATRA to catabolism. They also deliver ATRA to nuclear receptors and mediate non-genomic ATRA actions. These retinoid-specific binding-proteins include: cellular retinol binding-protein, type 1 (Crbp1), cellular retinol binding-protein type 2 (Crbp2), cellular retinol binding-protein type 3 (Crbp3), cellular retinoic acid binding-protein type 1 (Crabp1); cellular retinoic acid binding-protein type 2 (Crabp2). Retinoid BP bind their ligands specifically and with high-affinity. These BP seemingly evolved to solubilize the lipophilic retinoids in the aqueous cellular medium, and allow retinoid access only to enzymes that recognize both the BP and the retinoid. By chaperoning retinoids through cells, retinoid BP provide specificity to retinoids' metabolism and protect the scarce resource from dispersing into cell membranes and/or undergoing catabolism as xenobiotics. Other functions include non-genomic actions of Crabp1, delivery of ATRA to RAR by holo-Crabp2, and stabilization of HuR by apo-Crabp2. In addition to the retinoid-specific BP, Fabp5 also binds ATRA and delivers it to Pparδ. This article describes these BP and their functions, with a focus on experimental protocols to distinguish protein-protein interactions from diffusion-mediated transfer of ligand from BP to enzymes or receptors, and methods for quantifying retinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Napoli
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Hong Sik Yoo
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
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35
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Davidi D, Schechter M, Elhadi SA, Matatov A, Nathanson L, Sharon R. α-Synuclein Translocates to the Nucleus to Activate Retinoic-Acid-Dependent Gene Transcription. iScience 2020; 23:100910. [PMID: 32120069 PMCID: PMC7052517 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). It is primarily cytosolic and interacts with cell membranes. α-Syn also occurs in the nucleus. Here we investigated the mechanisms involved in nuclear translocation of α-Syn. We analyzed alterations in gene expression following induced α-Syn expression in SH-SY5Y cells. Analysis of upstream regulators pointed at alterations in transcription activity of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and additional nuclear receptors. We show that α-Syn binds RA and translocates to the nucleus to selectively enhance gene transcription. Nuclear translocation of α-Syn is regulated by calreticulin and is leptomycin-B independent. Importantly, nuclear translocation of α-Syn following RA treatment enhances its toxicity in cultured neurons and the expression levels of PD-associated genes, including ATPase cation transporting 13A2 (ATP13A2) and PTEN-induced kinase1 (PINK1). The results link a physiological role for α-Syn in the regulation of RA-mediated gene transcription and its toxicity in the synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Davidi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Meir Schechter
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Suaad Abd Elhadi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adar Matatov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Ronit Sharon
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Kerem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel.
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36
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Herz CT, Kiefer FW. The Transcriptional Role of Vitamin A and the Retinoid Axis in Brown Fat Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:608. [PMID: 33071960 PMCID: PMC7531533 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has gained significance as a metabolic organ dissipating energy through heat production. Promotion of a thermogenic program in fat holds great promise as potential therapeutic tool to counteract weight gain and related sequelae. Current research efforts are aimed at identifying novel pathways regulating brown fat function and the transformation of white adipocytes into BAT-like cells, a process called "browning." Besides numerous genetic factors some circulating molecules can act as mediators of adipose tissue thermogenesis. Vitamin A metabolites, the retinoids, are potent regulators of gene transcription through nuclear receptor signaling and are thus involved in a plethora of metabolic processes. Accumulating evidence links retinoid action to brown fat function and browning of WAT mainly via orchestrating a transcriptional BAT program in adipocytes including expression of key thermogenic genes such as uncoupling protein 1. Here we summarize the current understanding how retinoids play a role in adipose tissue thermogenesis through transcriptional control of thermogenic gene cassettes and potential non-genomic mechanisms.
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37
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Jiao X, Liu R, Huang J, Lu L, Li Z, Xu L, Li E. Cellular Retinoic-Acid Binding Protein 2 in Solid Tumor. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 21:507-516. [PMID: 32013828 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200203150721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway is crucial for many biological processes. The RA transporter, Cellular Retinoic-Acid Binding Protein 2 (CRABP2), is abnormally expressed in various tumor types. CRABP2 presents significant effects on tumorous behaviors and functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The tumorigenesis mechanism of CRABP2, as both suppressor and promotor, is complicated, therefore, there remains the need for further investigation. Elucidating the regulating mechanisms in a specific stage of the tumor could facilitate CRABP2 to be a biomarker in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Besides, clarifying the pathways of CRABP2 in cancer development will contribute to the gene-targeted therapy. In this review, we summarized the expression, distribution, and mechanism of CRABP2 in solid tumors. Illuminating the CRABP2 signaling pathway may benefit understanding the retinoid signaling pathway, providing a useful biomarker for future clinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Biological Transport
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasms/blood supply
- Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tretinoin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Jiao
- Cell biology and genetics department, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lichun Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zibo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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38
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Li B, Qiao L, Yan X, Shi T, Ren D, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Liu W. mRNA expression of genes related to fat deposition during in vitro ovine adipogenesis. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fat deposition in animals involves adipogenic differentiation guided by transcriptional factors and other key factors. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying ovine adipogenic differentiation, the dynamic mRNA expression of key genes related to fat deposition, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), FABP5, and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), were analyzed during in vitro differentiation of ovine preadipocytes. The stromal vascular cells from underneath the tail fat tissue of 1-wk-old sheep were isolated and cultured, and the preadipocytes were induced using a cocktail of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, insulin, dexamethasone, and troglitazone. The cultivated cells were collected at different time points after induced differentiation. The expression levels of PPAR-γ, FABP4, FABP5, and CRABP2 were studied by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expressions of these genes in sheep were compared with those in human and mouse retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus DataSets. We observed that the expression of PPAR-γ, FABP4, and FABP5 was increased upon differentiation of ovine preadipocytes, as in humans and mice. The expression of CRABP2 was sharply increased from days 0 to 2 after induced differentiation and was subsequently decreased. This expression pattern of CRABP2 was different from that observed in humans and mice. Our results provide new insights into the function of these genes in fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liying Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoru Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Duanyang Ren
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, People’s Republic of China
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Alvite G, Riera X, Cancela S, Paulino M, Esteves A. Bioinformatic analysis of a novel Echinococcus granulosus nuclear receptor with two DNA binding domains. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224703. [PMID: 31710619 PMCID: PMC6844482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors capable of regulating the expression of complex gene networks. The family includes seven subfamilies of proteins with a wide phylogenetic distribution. A novel subfamily with two DNA-binding domains (2DBDs) has been reported in Schistosoma mansoni (Platyhelminth, Trematoda). This work describes the cDNA cloning and bioinformatics analysis of Eg2DBDα, a 2DBD nuclear receptor isoform from the parasite Echinococcus granulosus (Platyhelminth, Cestoda). The Eg2DBDα gene coding domain structure was analysed. Although two additional 2DBD nuclear receptors are reported in the parasite database GeneDB, they are unlikely to be expressed in the larval stage. Phylogenetic relationships between these atypical proteins from different cestodes are also analysed including S. mansoni 2DBD nuclear receptors. The presence of two DNA binding domains confers particular interest to these nuclear receptors, not only concerning their function but to the development of new antihelminthic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alvite
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ximena Riera
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Saira Cancela
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Margot Paulino
- Center of Bioinformatics, Departamento de Experimentación y Teoría de la Materia, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Esteves
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- * E-mail:
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40
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Lixa C, Clarkson MW, Iqbal A, Moon TM, Almeida FCL, Peti W, Pinheiro AS. Retinoic Acid Binding Leads to CRABP2 Rigidification and Dimerization. Biochemistry 2019; 58:4183-4194. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lixa
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
| | - Michael W. Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941902, Brazil
| | - Thomas M. Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Fabio C. L. Almeida
- National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941902, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Peti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Anderson S. Pinheiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
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41
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Zhao X, Yang X. Retinoic Acid Promotes Retinoic Acid Signaling by Suppression of Pitx1 In Tendon Cells: A Possible Mechanism of a Clubfoot-Like Phenotype Induced by Retinoic Acid. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6980-6989. [PMID: 31527569 PMCID: PMC6761847 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of idiopathic congenital clubfoot (CCF) is unknown. Although some familial patients have Pitx1 mutations, and the Pitx1+/− genotype causes a clubfoot-like phenotype in mice, the mechanism of Pitx1-induced CCF is unknown. Material/Methods We used tibialis anterior tendon samples to detect the expression of Pitx1 in idiopathic and neurogenic clubfoot patients. After obtaining Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat Achilles tendon cells, the expression of Pitx1 was knocked down by SiRNA. After 48 h of culture, mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively analyze proteins. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were used to assess the downstream pathway of PITX1. The relationship between Pitx1 and the promoter region of deacetylase 1 (Sirtuin-1 and Sirt1) was examined by luciferase and ChIP assays. Results We found that Pitx1 expression in the tendon samples of idiopathic CCF patients was downregulated. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the inhibition of Pitx1 induced the downregulation of Sirt1 expression in tendon cells. Luciferase and ChIP assays confirmed that Pitx1 binds to the promoter region of SIRT1 and promotes Sirt1 gene transcription. Further results showed that, after the inhibition of Pitx1 in tendon cells, CRABP2 acetylation increased, the nuclear import of CRABP2 was enhanced, and the expression of RARβ2 increased. After the inhibition of Pitx1, RARβ2 expression was further increased by RA treatment in tendon cells. In the presence of retinoic acid, the expression of Pitx1 was inhibited in tendon cells. Conclusions Pitx1 binds to the promoter region of SIRT1 and promotes the transcription of SIRT1. Positive feedback occurs between RA signaling and Pitx1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Feng X, Zhang M, Wang B, Zhou C, Mu Y, Li J, Liu X, Wang Y, Song Z, Liu P. CRABP2 regulates invasion and metastasis of breast cancer through hippo pathway dependent on ER status. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:361. [PMID: 31419991 PMCID: PMC6697986 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple Negative Breast cancer (TNBC) is incurable cancer with higher rates of relapse and shorter overall survival compared with other subtypes of breast cancer. Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) belongs to fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family which binds with all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Previous studies from the database have reported the patients with high expression of CRABP2 showed different prognosis in ER+ and ER− breast cancer. However, its biological role and exact mechanism in breast cancer remain unknown. This aim of this study was to explore how CRABP2 regulated invasion and metastasis based on the estrogen receptor-α (herein called ER) status in breast cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical staining method was used to analyze the expression of CRABP2 in human breast cancer tissues. Lentivirus vector-based shRNA technique was used to test the functional relevance of CRABP2 knockdown in breast tumors. Tail vein injection model was used to examine the lung metastasis. Co-immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were conducted to investigate the underlying mechanism that influenced the ER to the regulation of CRABP2 to Lats1. Results We observed that knockdown of CRABP2 promotes EMT, invasion and metastasis of ER+ breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of CRABP2 yields the reverse results. In ER+ mammary cancer cells, the interaction of CRABP2 and Lats1 suppress the ubiquitination of Lats1 to activate Hippo pathway to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of ER+ mammary cancer. However, in ER− mammary cancer cells, the interaction of CRABP2 and Lats1 promote the ubiquitination of Lats1 to inactivate Hippo pathway to promote the invasion and metastasis of ER− mammary cancer. Conclusions Our findings indicate that CRABP2 can suppress invasion and metastasis of ER+ breast cancer and promote invasion and metastasis of ER− breast cancer by regulating the stability of Lats1 in vitro and in vivo, and it provides new ideas for breast cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1345-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, the first Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yudong Mu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryTumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the first Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yaochun Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhangjun Song
- Department of Breast Disease Center, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 309 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China. .,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Structural characterization of life-extending Caenorhabditis elegans Lipid Binding Protein 8. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9966. [PMID: 31292465 PMCID: PMC6620326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lysosome plays a crucial role in the regulation of longevity. Lysosomal degradation is tightly coupled with autophagy that is induced by many longevity paradigms and required for lifespan extension. The lysosome also serves as a hub for signal transduction and regulates longevity via affecting nuclear transcription. One lysosome-to-nucleus retrograde signaling pathway is mediated by a lysosome-associated fatty acid binding protein LBP-8 in Caenorhabditis elegans. LBP-8 shuttles lysosomal lipids into the nucleus to activate lipid regulated nuclear receptors NHR-49 and NHR-80 and consequently promote longevity. However, the structural basis of LBP-8 action remains unclear. Here, we determined the first 1.3 Å high-resolution structure of this life-extending protein LBP-8, which allowed us to identify a structurally conserved nuclear localization signal and amino acids involved in lipid binding. Additionally, we described the range of fatty acids LBP-8 is capable of binding and show that it binds to life-extending ligands in worms such as oleic acid and oleoylethanolamide with high affinity.
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Different modes of barrel opening suggest a complex pathway of ligand binding in human gastrotropin. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216142. [PMID: 31075121 PMCID: PMC6510414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrotropin, the intracellular carrier of bile salts in the small intestine, binds two ligand molecules simultaneously in its internal cavity. The molecular rearrangements required for ligand entry are not yet fully clear. To improve our understanding of the binding process we combined molecular dynamics simulations with previously published structural and dynamic NMR parameters. The resulting ensembles reveal two distinct modes of barrel opening with one corresponding to the transition between the apo and holo states, whereas the other affecting different protein regions in both ligation states. Comparison of the calculated structures with NMR-derived parameters reporting on slow conformational exchange processes suggests that the protein undergoes partial unfolding along a path related to the second mode of the identified barrel opening motion.
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45
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Horváth G, Egyed O, Tang C, Kovács M, Micsonai A, Kardos J, Toke O. Ligand entry in human ileal bile acid-binding protein is mediated by histidine protonation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4825. [PMID: 30886237 PMCID: PMC6423008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human ileal bile acid-binding protein (hI-BABP) has a key role in the intracellular transport of bile salts. To explore the role of histidine protonation in the binding process, the pH-dependence of bile salt binding and internal dynamics in hI-BABP was investigated using NMR spectroscopy and biophysical tools. Thermodynamic and kinetic measurements show an increase in the overall binding affinity and the association rate constant of the first binding step below the pKa of the histidines, suggesting that ligand binding is favoured by the protonated state. The overlap between residues exhibiting a high sensitivity to pH in their backbone amide chemical shifts and protein regions undergoing a global ms conformational exchange indicate a connection between the two processes. According to 15N NMR relaxation dispersion analysis, the slow motion is most pronounced at and above the pKa of the histidines. In agreement with the NMR measurements, MD simulations show a stabilization of the protein by histidine protonation. Hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions mediating the flow of information between the C/D- and G/H-turn regions hosting the three histidines, suggest a complex way of pH-governed allosteric regulation of ligand entry involving a transition between a closed and a more open protein state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Horváth
- Laboratory for NMR Spectroscopy, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Egyed
- Laboratory for NMR Spectroscopy, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Changguo Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | - Mihály Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE-MTA "Momentum" Motor Enzymology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Micsonai
- Department of Biochemistry, MTA-ELTE NAP B Neuroimmunology Research Group, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kardos
- Department of Biochemistry, MTA-ELTE NAP B Neuroimmunology Research Group, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Toke
- Laboratory for NMR Spectroscopy, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
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Chisholm DR, Tomlinson CWE, Zhou GL, Holden C, Affleck V, Lamb R, Newling K, Ashton P, Valentine R, Redfern C, Erostyák J, Makkai G, Ambler CA, Whiting A, Pohl E. Fluorescent Retinoic Acid Analogues as Probes for Biochemical and Intracellular Characterization of Retinoid Signaling Pathways. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:369-377. [PMID: 30707838 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Retinoids, such as all- trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), are endogenous signaling molecules derived from vitamin A that influence a variety of cellular processes through mediation of transcription events in the cell nucleus. Because of these wide-ranging and powerful biological activities, retinoids have emerged as therapeutic candidates of enormous potential. However, their use has been limited, to date, due to a lack of understanding of the complex and intricate signaling pathways that they control. We have designed and synthesized a family of synthetic retinoids that exhibit strong, intrinsic, solvatochromatic fluorescence as multifunctional tools to interrogate these important biological activities. We utilized the unique photophysical characteristics of these fluorescent retinoids to develop a novel in vitro fluorometric binding assay to characterize and quantify their binding to their cellular targets, including cellular retinoid binding protein II (CRABPII). The dihydroquinoline retinoid, DC360, exhibited particularly strong binding ( Kd = 34.0 ± 2.5 nM), and we further used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of the DC360-CRABPII complex to 1.8 Å, which showed that DC360 occupies the known hydrophobic retinoid binding pocket. Finally, we used confocal fluorescence microscopy to image the cellular behavior of the compounds in cultured human epithelial cells, highlighting a fascinating nuclear localization, and used RNA sequencing to confirm that the compounds regulate cellular processes similar to those of ATRA. We anticipate that the unique properties of these fluorescent retinoids can now be used to cast new light on the vital and highly complex retinoid signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Charles W. E. Tomlinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Garr-Layy Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Claire Holden
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Valerie Affleck
- LightOx Limited, Wynyard Park House, Wynyard Avenue, Wynyard, Billingham TS22 5TB, U.K
| | - Rebecca Lamb
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Katherine Newling
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter Ashton
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Roy Valentine
- High Force Research Limited, Bowburn North Industrial Estate, Bowburn, Durham DH6 5PF, U.K
| | - Christopher Redfern
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - János Erostyák
- University of Pecs, Szentagothai Research Centre, Spectroscopy Research Group, Ifjusag u. 20, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- University of Pecs, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjusag u. 6, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Geza Makkai
- University of Pecs, Szentagothai Research Centre, Spectroscopy Research Group, Ifjusag u. 20, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- University of Pecs, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjusag u. 6, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Carrie A. Ambler
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Andrew Whiting
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Ehmke Pohl
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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Guan S, Zhang Q, Bao J, Hu R, Czech T, Tang J. Recognition Sites for Cancer-targeting Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:815-834. [PMID: 31580248 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666191003161114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Target-homing drug delivery systems are now gaining significant attention for use as novel therapeutic approaches in antitumor targeting for cancer therapy. Numerous targeted drug delivery systems have been designed to improve the targeting effects because these systems can display a range of favorable properties, thus, providing suitable characteristics for clinical applicability of anticancer drugs, such as increasing the solubility, and improving the drug distribution at target sites. The majority of these targeting systems are designed with respect to differences between cancerous and normal tissues, for instance, the low pH of tumor tissues or overexpressed receptors on tumor cell membranes. Due to the growing number of targeting possibilities, it is important to know the tumor-specific recognition strategies for designing novel, targeted, drug delivery systems. Herein, we identify and summarize literature pertaining to various recognition sites for optimizing the design of targeted drug delivery systems to augment current chemotherapeutic approaches. OBJECTIVE This review focuses on the identification of the recognition sites for developing targeted drug delivery systems for use in cancer therapeutics. METHODS We have reviewed and compiled cancer-specific recognition sites and their abnormal characteristics within tumor tissues (low pH, high glutathione, targetable receptors, etc.), tumor cells (receptor overexpression or tumor cell membrane changes) and tumor cell organelles (nuclear and endoplasmic reticular dysregulation) utilizing existing scientific literature. Moreover, we have highlighted the design of some targeted drug delivery systems that can be used as homing tools for these recognition sites. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Targeted drug delivery systems are a promising therapeutic approach for tumor chemotherapy. Additional research focused on finding novel recognition sites, and subsequent development of targeting moieties for use with drug delivery systems will aid in the evaluation and clinical application of new and improved chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianwei Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui "115" Xin'an Medicine Research & Development Innovation Team, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Tori Czech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States
| | - Jihui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Patil R, Mohanty B, Liu B, Chandrashekaran IR, Headey SJ, Williams ML, Clements CS, Ilyichova O, Doak BC, Genissel P, Weaver RJ, Vuillard L, Halls ML, Porter CJH, Scanlon MJ. A ligand-induced structural change in fatty acid-binding protein 1 is associated with potentiation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonists. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:3720-3734. [PMID: 30598509 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism. GW7647 is a potent PPARα agonist that must reach the nucleus to activate this receptor. In cells expressing human fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), GW7647 treatment increases FABP1's nuclear localization and potentiates GW7647-mediated PPARα activation; GW7647 is less effective in cells that do not express FABP1. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, here we substituted residues in FABP1 known to dictate lipid signaling by other intracellular lipid-binding proteins. Substitutions of Lys-20 and Lys-31 to Ala in the FABP1 helical cap affected neither its nuclear localization nor PPARα activation. In contrast, Ala substitution of Lys-57, Glu-77, and Lys-96, located in the loops adjacent to the ligand-binding portal region, abolished both FABP1 nuclear localization and GW7647-induced PPARα activation but had little effect on GW7647-FABP1 binding affinity. Using solution NMR spectroscopy, we determined the WT FABP1 structure and analyzed the dynamics in the apo and GW7647-bound structures of both the WT and the K57A/E77A/K96A triple mutant. We found that GW7647 binding causes little change in the FABP1 backbone, but solvent exposes several residues in the loops around the portal region, including Lys-57, Glu-77, and Lys-96. These residues also become more solvent-exposed upon binding of FABP1 with the endogenous PPARα agonist oleic acid. Together with previous observations, our findings suggest that GW7647 binding stabilizes a FABP1 conformation that promotes its interaction with PPARα. We conclude that full PPARα agonist activity of GW7647 requires FABP1-dependent transport and nuclear localization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bonan Liu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Genissel
- the Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Richard J Weaver
- the Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurent Vuillard
- the Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia and
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Rossetti S, Ren M, Visconti N, Corlazzoli F, Gagliostro V, Somenzi G, Yao J, Sun Y, Sacchi N. Tracing anti-cancer and cancer-promoting actions of all-trans retinoic acid in breast cancer to a RARα epigenetic mechanism of mammary epithelial cell fate. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87064-87080. [PMID: 27894085 PMCID: PMC5349971 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of cancer cells is the ability to evade the growth inhibitory/pro-apoptotic action of physiological all-trans retinoic acid (RA) signal, the bioactive derivative of Vitamin A. However, as we and others reported, RA can also promote cancer cell growth and invasion. Here we show that anticancer and cancer-promoting RA actions in breast cancer have roots in a mechanism of mammary epithelial cell morphogenesis that involves both transcriptional (epigenetic) and non-transcriptional RARα (RARA) functions. We found that the mammary epithelial cell-context specific degree of functionality of the RARA transcriptional (epigenetic) component of this mechanism, by tuning the effects of the non-transcriptional RARA component, determines different cell fate decisions during mammary morphogenesis. Indeed, factors that hamper the RARA epigenetic function make physiological RA drive aberrant morphogenesis via non-transcriptional RARA, thus leading to cell transformation. Remarkably, also the cell context-specific degree of functionality of the RARA epigenetic component retained by breast cancer cells is critical to determine cell fate decisions in response to physiological as well as supraphysiological RA variation. Overall this study supports the proof of principle that the epigenetic functional plasticity of the mammary epithelial cell RARA mechanism, which is essential for normal morphogenetic processes, is necessary to deter breast cancer onset/progression consequent to the insidious action of physiological RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rossetti
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - MingQiang Ren
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Nicolo Visconti
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Francesca Corlazzoli
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Vincenzo Gagliostro
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Giulia Somenzi
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jin Yao
- The State University of New York at Buffalo, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Yijun Sun
- The State University of New York at Buffalo, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Nicoletta Sacchi
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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50
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You CQ, Wu HS, Gao ZG, Sun K, Chen FH, Tao WA, Sun BW. Subcellular co-delivery of two different site-oriented payloads based on multistage targeted polymeric nanoparticles for enhanced cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6752-6766. [PMID: 32254692 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02230e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Smart nanoparticles which encapsulated two different site-oriented therapeutic agents for multistage targeted delivery and enhanced antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering
| | - Hong-Shuai Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
| | - Fang-Hui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
| | - W. Andy Tao
- Department of Biochemistry
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210089
- P. R. China
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