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Sato C, Yamazawa T, Ohtani A, Maruyama Y, Memtily N, Sato M, Hatano Y, Shiga T, Ebihara T. Primary cultured neuronal networks and type 2 diabetes model mouse fatty liver tissues in aqueous liquid observed by atmospheric SEM (ASEM): Staining preferences of metal solutions. Micron 2019; 118:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Najimi M, Sarrieau A, Kopp N, Chigr F. Developmental dynamics of neurotensin binding sites in the human hypothalamus during the first postnatal year. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:251. [PMID: 25309316 PMCID: PMC4160091 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine a detailed mapping of neurotensin (NT) in the human hypothalamus, during the first postnatal year using an in vitro quantitative autoradiography technique and the selective radioligand monoiodo-Tyr3-NT. Ten human postmortem hypothalami obtained from control neonates and infants (aged from 2 h to 1 year of postnatal age) were used. The biochemical kinetics of the binding in all obtained in this study revealed that the binding affinity constants were of high affinity (in the nanomolar range) and did not differ significantly between all cases investigated. Furthermore, competition experiments show insensitivity to levocabastine and were in favor of the presence of the high affinity site of NT receptor. Autoradiographic distribution showed that NT binding sites were widely distributed throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hypothalamus. However, the distribution of NT binding sites was not homogenous and regional variations exist. In general, the highest densities were mainly present in the anterior hypothalamic level, particularly in the preoptic area. High NT binding site densities are also present at the mediobasal hypothalamic level, particularly in the paraventricular, parafornical, and dorsomedial nuclei. At the posterior level, low to very low densities could be observed in all the mammillary complex subdivisions, as well as the posterior hypothalamic area. Although this topographical distribution is almost identical during the postnatal period analyzed, age-related variations exist in discrete structures of the hypothalamus. The densities were higher in neonates/less aged infants than older infants in preoptic area (medial and lateral parts). The developmental profile is characterized by a progressive decrease from the neonate period to 1 year of postnatal age with a tendency to reach adult levels. On the other hand, the low levels of NT binding sites observed in posterior hypothalamus did not vary during the first postnatal year. They contrast in that with the very high levels we reported previously in adult. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the occurrence of high NT binding sites density in various structures in many regions in the human neonate/infant hypothalamus, involved in the control of neuroendocrine and/or neurovegetative functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Najimi
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Life Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Alain Sarrieau
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Biologie, Université de Bordeaux 1, Talence France
| | | | - Fatiha Chigr
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Life Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni-Mellal, Morocco
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Wilson CM, Naves T, Vincent F, Melloni B, Bonnaud F, Lalloué F, Jauberteau MO. Sortilin mediates the release and transfer of exosomes in concert with two tyrosine kinase receptors. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3983-97. [PMID: 25037567 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.149336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transfer of exosomes containing both genetic and protein materials is necessary for the control of the cancer cell microenvironment to promote tumor angiogenesis. The nature and function of proteins found in the exosomal cargo, and the mechanism of their action in membrane transport and related signaling events are not clearly understood. In this study, we demonstrate, in human lung cancer A549 cells, that the exosome release mechanism is closely linked to the multifaceted receptor sortilin (also called neurotensin receptor 3). Sortilin is already known to be important for cancer cell function. Here, we report for the first time its role in the assembly of a tyrosine kinase complex and subsequent exosome release. This new complex (termed the TES complex) is found in exosomes and results in the linkage of the two tyrosine kinase receptors TrkB (also known as NTRK2) and EGFR with sortilin. Using in vitro models, we demonstrate that this sortilin-containing complex exhibits a control on endothelial cells and angiogenesis activation through exosome transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M Wilson
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies and Chaire de Pneumologie Expérimentale, Université de Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - Thomas Naves
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies and Chaire de Pneumologie Expérimentale, Université de Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - François Vincent
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies and Chaire de Pneumologie Expérimentale, Université de Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges CEDEX-France Service de Pathologie Respiratoire, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Limoges, 87000 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - Boris Melloni
- Service de Pathologie Respiratoire, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Limoges, 87000 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - François Bonnaud
- Service de Pathologie Respiratoire, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Limoges, 87000 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies and Chaire de Pneumologie Expérimentale, Université de Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges CEDEX-France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies and Chaire de Pneumologie Expérimentale, Université de Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges CEDEX-France
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Ohtani A, Kozono N, Senzaki K, Shiga T. Serotonin 2A receptor regulates microtubule assembly and induces dynamics of dendritic growth cones in rat cortical neurons in vitro. Neurosci Res 2014; 81-82:11-20. [PMID: 24698813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) regulates the development of cerebral cortex, but 5-HT receptors mediating the effects are poorly understood. We investigated roles of 5-HT2A receptor in dendritic growth cones using dissociation culture of rat cerebral cortex. Neurons at embryonic day 16 were cultured for 4 days and treated with 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonist (DOI) for 4h. DOI increased the size of growth cone periphery which was actin-rich and microtubule-associated protein 2-negative at the dendritic tip. The length increase of the growth cone periphery may be mediated by 5-HT2A receptor, because the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist reversed the effects of DOI. Moreover, the time-lapse analysis demonstrated the increase of morphological dynamics in dendritic growth cones by DOI. Next, to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the actions of 5-HT2A receptor in dendritic growth cones, we examined the cytoskeletal proteins, tyrosinated α-tubulin (Tyr-T; dynamic tubulin) and acetylated α-tubulin (Ace-T; stable tubulin). DOI increased the fluorescence intensity of Tyr-T, while decreased that of Ace-T in the dendritic growth cone periphery. These effects were reversed by the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, suggesting that 5-HT2A receptor promotes microtubule dynamics. In summary, it was suggested that 5-HT2A receptor induces morphological changes and dynamics of dendritic growth cones through regulation of microtubule assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ohtani
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Kozono
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kouji Senzaki
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiga
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.
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Li F, Ohtani A, Senzaki K, Shiga T. Receptor-dependent regulation of dendrite formation of noradrenaline and dopamine in non-GABAergic cerebral cortical neurons. Dev Neurobiol 2012; 73:370-83. [PMID: 23135899 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study characterized the receptor-dependent regulation of dendrite formation of noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) in cultured neurons obtained from embryonic day 16 rat cerebral cortex. Morphological diversity of cortical dendrites was analyzed on various features: dendrite initiation, dendrite outgrowth, and dendrite branching. Using a combination of immunocytochemical markers of dendrites and GABAergic neurons, we focused on the dendrite morphology of non-GABAergic neurons. Our results showed that (1) NA inhibited the dendrite branching, (2) β adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonist inhibited the dendrite initiation, while promoted the dendrite outgrowth, (3) β1-AR and β2-AR were present in all the cultured neurons, and both agonists inhibited the dendrite initiation, while only β1-AR agonist induced the dendrite branching; (4) DA inhibited the dendrite outgrowth, (5) D1 receptor agonist inhibited the dendrite initiation, while promoted the dendrite branching. In conclusion, this study compared the effects of NA, DA and their receptors and showed that NA and DA regulate different features on the dendrite formation of non-GABAergic cortical neurons, depending on the receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
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Nalivaeva NN, Belyaev ND, Zhuravin IA, Turner AJ. The Alzheimer's amyloid-degrading peptidase, neprilysin: can we control it? Int J Alzheimers Dis 2012; 2012:383796. [PMID: 22900228 PMCID: PMC3412116 DOI: 10.1155/2012/383796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) postulates that accumulation in the brain of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is the primary trigger for neuronal loss specific to this pathology. In healthy brain, Aβ levels are regulated by a dynamic equilibrium between Aβ release from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its removal by perivascular drainage or by amyloid-degrading enzymes (ADEs). During the last decade, the ADE family was fast growing, and currently it embraces more than 20 members. There are solid data supporting involvement of each of them in Aβ clearance but a zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin (NEP) is considered as a major ADE. NEP plays an important role in brain function due to its role in terminating neuropeptide signalling and its decrease during ageing or after such pathologies as hypoxia or ischemia contribute significantly to the development of AD pathology. The recently discovered mechanism of epigenetic regulation of NEP by the APP intracellular domain (AICD) opens new avenues for its therapeutic manipulation and raises hope for developing preventive strategies in AD. However, consideration needs to be given to the diverse physiological roles of NEP. This paper critically evaluates general biochemical and physiological functions of NEP and their therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. N. Nalivaeva
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - N. D. Belyaev
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - I. A. Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - A. J. Turner
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Nykjaer A, Willnow TE. Sortilin: a receptor to regulate neuronal viability and function. Trends Neurosci 2012; 35:261-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Harigai Y, Natsume M, Li F, Ohtani A, Senzaki K, Shiga T. Differential roles of calcitonin family peptides in the dendrite formation and spinogenesis of the cerebral cortex in vitro. Neuropeptides 2011; 45:263-72. [PMID: 21549427 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We examined roles of calcitonin family peptides in the initial stages of dendrite formation and the maturation of dendritic spines in the rat cerebral cortex in vitro. Embryonic day 18 cortical neurons were dissociated and cultured for 2-3days in the presence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), calcitonin, amylin or adrenomedullin. The treatment of cortical neurons with CGRP promoted the formation of primary dendrites of non-GABAergic neurons. In contrast, the treatment with amylin and adrenomedullin for 3days inhibited the dendritic elongation of non-GABAergic neurons. Calcitonin had no effect on the initial dendrite formation. Next, we examined roles of the peptides in the spine formation. Embryonic day 16 cortical neurons were cultured for 14days and then treated acutely with CGRP, amylin or adrenomedullin for 24h. The density of filopodia, puncta/stubby spines and spines were increased by the CGRP treatment, whereas decreased by amylin. Therefore, CGRP and amylin showed opposite effects on the formation of dendritic filopodia, puncta and spines. Adrenomedullin had no effects on the spine formation. In conclusion, the present study showed that calcitonin family peptides have differential effects both in the dendrite formation during the initial stages and the spine formation of cortical neurons in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Harigai
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Doctoral Program in Kansei, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Tennodai, Japan
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Yoshida H, Kanamaru C, Ohtani A, Li F, Senzaki K, Shiga T. Subtype specific roles of serotonin receptors in the spine formation of cortical neurons in vitro. Neurosci Res 2011; 71:311-4. [PMID: 21802453 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are postsynaptic structures which are formed from filopodia. We examined roles of serotonin (5-HT) receptors in the spine formation. Embryonic rat cortical neurons were cultured for 10 or 14 days and treated by 5-HT receptor agonists for 24 h. At 11 days in vitro, 5-HT(1A) agonist increased filopodia density, whereas 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist increased the density of puncta and spines. At 15 days in vitro, 5-HT(1A) agonist decreased the density of puncta and spines, whereas 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist decreased filopodia density with increase of spines. In conclusion, the present study shows 5-HT receptors have subtype-specific effects on the spine formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yoshida
- University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Neurotensin is a 13-amino acid peptide found in the central nervous system central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Since its initial discovery in 1973, neurotensin has been shown to play a role in a wide range of physiologic and pathologic processes throughout the body. Ongoing research efforts continue to clarify the role of neurotensin in various central nervous system and gastrointestinal processes, as well as how disruption of these normal mechanisms may lead to diseases ranging from schizophrenia to colorectal cancer. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the most recent advances in the field of neurotensin research, in the context of what has been previously published. RECENT FINDINGS Because of the seemingly unrelated functions of neurotensin in the central nervous system and the periphery, the scope of the articles reviewed is rather broad. Contributions continue to be made to our understanding of the downstream effects of neurotensin signaling and the complex feedback loops between neurotensin and other signaling molecules. By selective targeting or blockade of specific neurotensin receptors, investigators have identified potential drugs for use in the treatment of schizophrenia, alcoholism, chronic pain, or cancer. Neurotensin-based pharmacologic agents are being used successfully in animal models for a number of these conditions. SUMMARY The review highlights the wide array of biological processes in which neurotensin has a role, and summarizes the most recent advances in various fields of neurotensin research. The knowledge gained through this research has led to the development of first-in-class drugs for the treatment of various medical conditions, and it is clear that in the coming years some of these agents will be ready to move from the bench to the bedside in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Conan Mustain
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Gandou C, Ohtani A, Senzaki K, Shiga T. Neurotensin promotes the dendrite elongation and the dendritic spine maturation of the cerebral cortex in vitro. Neurosci Res 2010; 66:246-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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