1
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van de Vyver M, Benecke RM, van den Heuvel L, Kruger MJ, Powrie Y, Seedat S, Smith C. Posttraumatic stress disorder is characterized by functional dysregulation of dermal fibroblasts. Biochimie 2024; 225:10-18. [PMID: 38719136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Incidence of mental health disorders are rising in modernity, with psychological stress linked to a propensity for developing various chronic diseases due to a relative inability of the body to counter the allostatic load on cellular level. Despite these high rates of comorbidities associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is still a lack of understanding in terms of the peripheral effects of PTSD on tissue level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to profile basal dermal fibroblast functional status in PTSD using a wide range of markers involved in the cell-to-cell communication facilitated by fibroblasts. Primary dermal fibroblasts derived from patients diagnosed with PTSD (n = 11) and matched trauma exposed controls (i.e. who did not develop PTSD, n = 10) were cultured using standard techniques. The patients and controls were matched based on age, sex, body-mass index (BMI) and lifestyle. The growth rate, population doubling time, cell surface marker expression (CD31, FNDC5) (flow cytometry), secretome (TIMP-2, MMP-9) (ELISAs), intracellular signalling capacity (Fluo-4 Ca2+ flux) and gene expression (IL-6, IL-10, PTX-3, iNOS, Arg1) were compared between groups. The data illustrated significant PTSD-associated fibroblast conditioning resulting in a blunted signalling capacity. This observation highlights the importance of including tissue-specific investigations in future studies focused on elucidating the association between PTSD and subsequent risk for somatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van de Vyver
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - R M Benecke
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M J Kruger
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Y Powrie
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - S Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Smith
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
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2
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Tong K, Zhang JW, Jing SQ, Zhao XY, Han J, Song YT, Yang L, Wu T, Hao JR, Sun N, Gao C. Up-regulating GABA transporter-3 in the zona incerta prevents surgery-induced memory impairment in mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110034. [PMID: 38878858 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Clinical surgery can lead to severe neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunctions. It has been reported that astrocytes mediate memory formation and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), however, the thalamic mechanism of astrocytes in mediating POCD remains unknown. Here, we report that reactive astrocytes in zona incerta (ZI) mediate surgery-induced recognition memory impairment in male mice. Immunostaining results showed that astrocytes are activated with GABA transporter-3 (GAT-3) being down-expressed, and neurons were suppressed in the ZI. Besides, our work revealed that reactive astrocytes caused increased tonic current in ZI neurons. Up-regulating the expression of GAT-3 in astrocytes ameliorates surgery-induced recognition memory impairment. Together, our work demonstrates that the reactive astrocytes in the ZI play a crucial role in surgery-induced memory impairment, which provides a new target for the treatment of surgery-induced neural dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jing-Wei Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Si-Qi Jing
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Jie Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yu-Tong Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Tong Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jing-Ru Hao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Nan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Can Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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3
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D'Egidio F, Castelli V, d'Angelo M, Ammannito F, Quintiliani M, Cimini A. Brain incoming call from glia during neuroinflammation: Roles of extracellular vesicles. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 201:106663. [PMID: 39251030 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The functionality of the central nervous system (CNS) relies on the connection, integration, and the exchange of information among neural cells. The crosstalk among glial cells and neurons is pivotal for a series of neural functions, such as development of the nervous system, electric conduction, synaptic transmission, neural circuit establishment, and brain homeostasis. Glial cells are crucial players in the maintenance of brain functionality in physiological and disease conditions. Neuroinflammation is a common pathological process in various brain disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and infections. Glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, are the main mediators of neuroinflammation, as they can sense and respond to brain insults by releasing pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory factors. Recent evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are pivotal players in the intercellular communication that underlies physiological and pathological processes. In particular, glia-derived EVs play relevant roles in modulating neuroinflammation, either by promoting or inhibiting the activation of glial cells and neurons, or by facilitating the clearance or propagation of pathogenic proteins. The involvement of EVs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Huntington's Disease (HD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)- which share hallmarks such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress to DNA damage, alterations in neurotrophin levels, mitochondrial impairment, and altered protein dynamics- will be dissected, showing how EVs act as pivotal cell-cell mediators of toxic stimuli, thereby propagating degeneration and cell death signaling. Thus, this review focuses on the EVs secreted by microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and in neuroinflammatory conditions, emphasizing on their effects on neurons and on central nervous system functions, considering both their beneficial and detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D'Egidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo"
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo"
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo".
| | - Fabrizio Ammannito
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo"
| | - Massimiliano Quintiliani
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo"
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy 67100, Via Vetoio - Coppito1, Building "Renato Ricamo"
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Tavakoli NS, Malone SG, Anderson TL, Neeley RE, Asadipooya A, Bardo MT, Ortinski PI. Astrocyte Ca 2+ in the dorsal striatum suppresses neuronal activity to oppose cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1347491. [PMID: 39280793 PMCID: PMC11393831 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1347491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent literature supports a prominent role for astrocytes in regulation of drug-seeking behaviors. The dorsal striatum, specifically, is known to play a role in reward processing with neuronal activity that can be influenced by astrocyte Ca2+. However, the manner in which Ca2+ in dorsal striatum astrocytes impacts neuronal signaling after exposure to self-administered cocaine remains unclear. We addressed this question following over-expression of the Ca2+ extrusion pump, hPMCA2w/b, in dorsal striatum astrocytes and the Ca2+ indicator, GCaMP6f, in dorsal striatum neurons of rats that were trained to self-administer cocaine. Following extinction of cocaine-seeking behavior, the rats over-expressing hMPCA2w/b showed a significant increase in cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Suppression of astrocyte Ca2+ increased the amplitude of neuronal Ca2+ transients in brain slices, but only after cocaine self-administration. This was accompanied by decreased duration of neuronal Ca2+ events in the cocaine group and no changes in Ca2+ event frequency. Acute administration of cocaine to brain slices decreased amplitude of neuronal Ca2+ in both the control and cocaine self-administration groups regardless of hPMCA2w/b expression. These results indicated that astrocyte Ca2+ control over neuronal Ca2+ transients was enhanced by cocaine self-administration experience, although sensitivity to acutely applied cocaine remained comparable across all groups. To explore this further, we found that neither the hMPCA2w/b expression nor the cocaine self-administration experience altered regulation of neuronal Ca2+ events by NPS-2143, a Ca2+ sensing receptor (CaSR) antagonist, suggesting that plasticity of neuronal signaling after hPMCA2w/b over-expression was unlikely to result from elevated extracellular Ca2+. We conclude that astrocyte Ca2+ in the dorsal striatum impacts neurons via cell-intrinsic mechanisms (e.g., gliotransmission, metabolic coupling, etc.) and impacts long-term neuronal plasticity after cocaine self-administration differently from neuronal response to acute cocaine. Overall, astrocyte Ca2+ influences neuronal output in the dorsal striatum to promote resistance to cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid S Tavakoli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Samantha G Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Tanner L Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ryson E Neeley
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Artin Asadipooya
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Michael T Bardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Pavel I Ortinski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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5
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Barnett D, Zimmer TS, Booraem C, Palaguachi F, Meadows SM, Xiao H, Chouchani ET, Orr AG, Orr AL. Mitochondrial complex III-derived ROS amplify immunometabolic changes in astrocytes and promote dementia pathology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.19.608708. [PMID: 39229090 PMCID: PMC11370371 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.19.608708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders alter mitochondrial functions, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial complex III (CIII) generates ROS implicated in redox signaling, but its triggers, targets, and disease relevance are not clear. Using site-selective suppressors and genetic manipulations together with mitochondrial ROS imaging and multiomic profiling, we found that CIII is the dominant source of ROS production in astrocytes exposed to neuropathology-related stimuli. Astrocytic CIII-ROS production was dependent on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the mitochondrial sodium-calcium exchanger (NCLX) and caused oxidation of select cysteines within immune and metabolism-associated proteins linked to neurological disease. CIII-ROS amplified metabolomic and pathology-associated transcriptional changes in astrocytes, with STAT3 activity as a major mediator, and facilitated neuronal toxicity in a non-cell-autonomous manner. As proof-of-concept, suppression of CIII-ROS in mice decreased dementia-linked tauopathy and neuroimmune cascades and extended lifespan. Our findings establish CIII-ROS as an important immunometabolic signal transducer and tractable therapeutic target in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barnett
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Till S Zimmer
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Caroline Booraem
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Fernando Palaguachi
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Samantha M Meadows
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anna G Orr
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Adam L Orr
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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6
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Soto JS, Neupane C, Kaur M, Pandey V, Wohlschlegel JA, Khakh BS. Astrocyte Gi-GPCR signaling corrects compulsive-like grooming and anxiety-related behaviors in Sapap3 knockout mice. Neuron 2024:S0896-6273(24)00541-5. [PMID: 39163865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes are morphologically complex cells that serve essential roles. They are widely implicated in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with changes in astrocyte morphology and gene expression accompanying disease. In the Sapap3 knockout (KO) mouse model of compulsive and anxiety-related behaviors related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), striatal astrocytes display reduced morphology and altered actin cytoskeleton and Gi-G-protein-coupled receptor (Gi-GPCR) signaling proteins. Here, we show that normalizing striatal astrocyte morphology, actin cytoskeleton, and essential homeostatic support functions by targeting the astrocyte Gi-GPCR pathway using chemogenetics corrected phenotypes in Sapap3 KO mice, including anxiety-related and compulsive behaviors. Our data portend an astrocytic pharmacological strategy for rescuing phenotypes in brain disorders that include compromised astrocyte morphology and tissue support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn S Soto
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA.
| | - Chiranjivi Neupane
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA
| | - Muskan Kaur
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA
| | - Vijaya Pandey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA
| | - Baljit S Khakh
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA.
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7
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Saavedra-Bonilla H, Varman DR, Reyes-Haro D. Spontaneous Calcium Transients Recorded from Striatal Astrocytes in a Preclinical Model of Autism. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04218-5. [PMID: 39120794 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a group of neurodevelopmental conditions including stereotyped and repetitive behaviors, besides social and sensorimotor deficits. Anatomical and functional evidence indicates atypical maturation of the striatum. Astrocytes regulate the maturation and plasticity of synaptic circuits, and impaired calcium signaling is associated with repetitive behaviors and atypical social interaction. Spontaneous calcium transients (SCT) recorded in the striatal astrocytes of the rat were investigated in the preclinical model of ASD by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA). Our results showed sensorimotor delay, augmented glial fibrillary acidic protein -a typical intermediate filament protein expressed by astrocytes- and diminished expression of GABAA-ρ3 through development, and increased frequency of SCT with a reduced latency that resulted in a diminished amplitude in the VPA model. The convulsant picrotoxin, a GABAA (γ-aminobutyric acid type A) receptor antagonist, reduced the frequency of SCT in both experimental groups but rescued this parameter to control levels in the preclinical ASD model. The amplitude and latency of SCT were decreased by picrotoxin in both experimental groups. Nipecotic acid, a GABA uptake inhibitor, reduced the mean amplitude only for the control group. Nevertheless, nipecotic acid increased the frequency but diminished the latency in both experimental groups. Thus, we conclude that striatal astrocytes exhibit SCT modulated by GABAA-mediated signaling, and prenatal exposure to VPA disturbs this tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Saavedra-Bonilla
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro, CP76230, Mexico
| | - Durairaj Ragu Varman
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro, CP76230, Mexico
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Daniel Reyes-Haro
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro, CP76230, Mexico.
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8
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Shigetomi E, Suzuki H, Hirayama YJ, Sano F, Nagai Y, Yoshihara K, Koga K, Tateoka T, Yoshioka H, Shinozaki Y, Kinouchi H, Tanaka KF, Bito H, Tsuda M, Koizumi S. Disease-relevant upregulation of P2Y 1 receptor in astrocytes enhances neuronal excitability via IGFBP2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6525. [PMID: 39117630 PMCID: PMC11310333 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases; however, their functional phenotype and the downstream molecules by which they modify disease pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, we genetically increase P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) expression, which is upregulated in reactive astrocytes in several neurological diseases, in astrocytes of male mice to explore its function and the downstream molecule. This astrocyte-specific P2Y1R overexpression causes neuronal hyperexcitability by increasing both astrocytic and neuronal Ca2+ signals. We identify insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) as a downstream molecule of P2Y1R in astrocytes; IGFBP2 acts as an excitatory signal to cause neuronal excitation. In neurological disease models of epilepsy and stroke, reactive astrocytes upregulate P2Y1R and increase IGFBP2. The present findings identify a mechanism underlying astrocyte-driven neuronal hyperexcitability, which is likely to be shared by several neurological disorders, providing insights that might be relevant for intervention in diverse neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Shigetomi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Suzuki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yukiho J Hirayama
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Sano
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagai
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kohei Yoshihara
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koga
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Tateoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Youichi Shinozaki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kinouchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Bito
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsuda
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Life Innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
- Yamanashi GLIA center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
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9
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Paryani F, Kwon JS, Ng CW, Jakubiak K, Madden N, Ofori K, Tang A, Lu H, Xia S, Li J, Mahajan A, Davidson SM, Basile AO, McHugh C, Vonsattel JP, Hickman R, Zody MC, Housman DE, Goldman JE, Yoo AS, Menon V, Al-Dalahmah O. Multi-omic analysis of Huntington's disease reveals a compensatory astrocyte state. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6742. [PMID: 39112488 PMCID: PMC11306246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the selective regional vulnerability to neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease (HD) have not been fully defined. To explore the role of astrocytes in this phenomenon, we used single-nucleus and bulk RNAseq, lipidomics, HTT gene CAG repeat-length measurements, and multiplexed immunofluorescence on HD and control post-mortem brains. We identified genes that correlated with CAG repeat length, which were enriched in astrocyte genes, and lipidomic signatures that implicated poly-unsaturated fatty acids in sensitizing neurons to cell death. Because astrocytes play essential roles in lipid metabolism, we explored the heterogeneity of astrocytic states in both protoplasmic and fibrous-like (CD44+) astrocytes. Significantly, one protoplasmic astrocyte state showed high levels of metallothioneins and was correlated with the selective vulnerability of distinct striatal neuronal populations. When modeled in vitro, this state improved the viability of HD-patient-derived spiny projection neurons. Our findings uncover key roles of astrocytic states in protecting against neurodegeneration in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Paryani
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Sun Kwon
- Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher W Ng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Jakubiak
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nacoya Madden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Ofori
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juncheng Li
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aayushi Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Hickman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - David E Housman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James E Goldman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew S Yoo
- Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Chen Y, Luan P, Liu J, Wei Y, Wang C, Wu R, Wu Z, Jing M. Spatiotemporally selective astrocytic ATP dynamics encode injury information sensed by microglia following brain injury in mice. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1522-1533. [PMID: 38862791 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Injuries to the brain result in tunable cell responses paired with stimulus properties, suggesting the existence of intrinsic processes that encode and transmit injury information; however, the molecular mechanism of injury information encoding is unclear. Here, using ATP fluorescent indicators, we identify injury-evoked spatiotemporally selective ATP dynamics, Inflares, in adult mice of both sexes. Inflares are actively released from astrocytes and act as the internal representations of injury. Inflares encode injury intensity and position at their population level through frequency changes and are further decoded by microglia, driving changes in their activation state. Mismatches between Inflares and injury severity lead to microglia dysfunction and worsening of injury outcome. Blocking Inflares in ischemic stroke in mice reduces secondary damage and improves recovery of function. Our results suggest that astrocytic ATP dynamics encode injury information and are sensed by microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Pengwei Luan
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yelan Wei
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Department of College of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University, Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Jing
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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11
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Luo R, Hu X, Li X, Lei F, Liao P, Yi L, Zhang X, Zhou B, Jiang R. Dysfunctional astrocyte glutamate uptake in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus contributes to visceral pain and anxiety-like behavior in mice with chronic pancreatitis. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39046219 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal visceral pain is a predominant symptom in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP); however, the underlying mechanism of pain in CP remains elusive. We hypothesized that astrocytes in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH) contribute to CP pain pathogenesis. A mouse model of CP was established by repeated intraperitoneal administration of caerulein to induce abdominal visceral pain. Abdominal mechanical stimulation, open field and elevated plus maze tests were performed to assess visceral pain and anxiety-like behavior. Fiber photometry, brain slice Ca2+ imaging, electrophysiology, and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Mice with CP displayed long-term abdominal mechanical allodynia and comorbid anxiety, which was accompanied by astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein reactivity, elevated Ca2+ signaling, and astroglial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) deficits in the PVH. Specifically, reducing astrocyte Ca2+ signaling in the PVH via chemogenetics significantly rescued GLT-1 deficits and alleviated mechanical allodynia and anxiety in mice with CP. Furthermore, we found that GLT-1 deficits directly contributed to the hyperexcitability of VGLUT2PVH neurons in mice with CP, and that pharmacological activation of GLT-1 alleviated the hyperexcitability of VGLUT2PVH neurons, abdominal visceral pain, and anxiety in these mice. Taken together, our data suggest that dysfunctional astrocyte glutamate uptake in the PVH contributes to visceral pain and anxiety in mice with CP, highlighting GLT-1 as a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain in patients experiencing CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Lei
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Liao
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Limei Yi
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruotian Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Li G, Lu C, Yin M, Wang P, Zhang P, Wu J, Wang W, Wang D, Wang M, Liu J, Lin X, Zhang JX, Wang Z, Yu Y, Zhang YF. Neural substrates for regulating self-grooming behavior in rodents. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38993075 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Grooming, as an evolutionarily conserved repetitive behavior, is common in various animals, including humans, and serves essential functions including, but not limited to, hygiene maintenance, thermoregulation, de-arousal, stress reduction, and social behaviors. In rodents, grooming involves a patterned and sequenced structure, known as the syntactic chain with four phases that comprise repeated stereotyped movements happening in a cephalocaudal progression style, beginning from the nose to the face, to the head, and finally ending with body licking. The context-dependent occurrence of grooming behavior indicates its adaptive significance. This review briefly summarizes the neural substrates responsible for rodent grooming behavior and explores its relevance in rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases with aberrant grooming phenotypes. We further emphasize the utility of rodent grooming as a reliable measure of repetitive behavior in neuropsychiatric models, holding promise for translational psychiatry. Herein, we mainly focus on rodent self-grooming. Allogrooming (grooming being applied on one animal by its conspecifics via licking or carefully nibbling) and heterogrooming (a form of grooming behavior directing towards another animal, which occurs in other contexts, such as maternal, sexual, aggressive, or social behaviors) are not covered due to space constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chanyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Miaomiao Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhaoyuan City, Zhaoyuan 265400, China
| | - Jialiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiahan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinghan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yiqun Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
- Ear, Nose & Throat Institute, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
- Clinical and Research Center for Olfactory Disorders, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. ,
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ,
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ,
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13
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Fang YT, Kuo HC, Chen CY, Chou SJ, Lu CW, Hung CM. Brain Gene Regulatory Networks Coordinate Nest Construction in Birds. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae125. [PMID: 38916488 PMCID: PMC11223658 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Nest building is a vital behavior exhibited during breeding in birds, and is possibly induced by environmental and social cues. Although such behavioral plasticity has been hypothesized to be controlled by adult neuronal plasticity, empirical evidence, especially at the neurogenomic level, remains limited. Here, we aim to uncover the gene regulatory networks that govern avian nest construction and examine whether they are associated with circuit rewiring. We designed an experiment to dissect this complex behavior into components in response to pair bonding and nest material acquisition by manipulating the presence of mates and nest materials in 30 pairs of zebra finches. Whole-transcriptome analysis of 300 samples from five brain regions linked to avian nesting behaviors revealed nesting-associated gene expression enriched with neural rewiring functions, including neurogenesis and neuron projection. The enriched expression was observed in the motor/sensorimotor and social behavior networks of female finches, and in the dopaminergic reward system of males. Female birds exhibited predominant neurotranscriptomic changes to initiate the nesting stage, while males showed major changes after entering this stage, underscoring sex-specific roles in nesting behavior. Notably, major neurotranscriptomic changes occurred during pair bonding, with minor changes during nest material acquisition, emphasizing social interactions in nest construction. We also revealed gene expression associated with reproductive behaviors and tactile sensing for nesting behavior. This study presents novel neurogenomic evidence supporting the hypothesis of adult neural plasticity underlying avian nest-construction behavior. By uncovering the genetic toolkits involved, we offer novel insights into the evolution of animals' innate ability to construct nests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Fang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chih Kuo
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ju Chou
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Hung
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Umpierre AD, Li B, Ayasoufi K, Simon WL, Zhao S, Xie M, Thyen G, Hur B, Zheng J, Liang Y, Bosco DB, Maynes MA, Wu Z, Yu X, Sung J, Johnson AJ, Li Y, Wu LJ. Microglial P2Y 6 calcium signaling promotes phagocytosis and shapes neuroimmune responses in epileptogenesis. Neuron 2024; 112:1959-1977.e10. [PMID: 38614103 PMCID: PMC11189754 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Microglial calcium signaling is rare in a baseline state but strongly engaged during early epilepsy development. The mechanism(s) governing microglial calcium signaling are not known. By developing an in vivo uridine diphosphate (UDP) fluorescent sensor, GRABUDP1.0, we discovered that UDP release is a conserved response to seizures and excitotoxicity across brain regions. UDP can signal through the microglial-enriched P2Y6 receptor to increase calcium activity during epileptogenesis. P2Y6 calcium activity is associated with lysosome biogenesis and enhanced production of NF-κB-related cytokines. In the hippocampus, knockout of the P2Y6 receptor prevents microglia from fully engulfing neurons. Attenuating microglial calcium signaling through calcium extruder ("CalEx") expression recapitulates multiple features of P2Y6 knockout, including reduced lysosome biogenesis and phagocytic interactions. Ultimately, P2Y6 knockout mice retain more CA3 neurons and better cognitive task performance during epileptogenesis. Our results demonstrate that P2Y6 signaling impacts multiple aspects of myeloid cell immune function during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Whitney L Simon
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shunyi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Manling Xie
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Grace Thyen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Benjamin Hur
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dale B Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mark A Maynes
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinzhu Yu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jaeyun Sung
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Aaron J Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Center for Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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15
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Nentwig TB, Obray JD, Kruyer A, Wilkes ET, Vaughan DT, Scofield MD, Chandler LJ. Central Amygdala Astrocyte Plasticity Underlies GABAergic Dysregulation in Ethanol Dependence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598470. [PMID: 38915577 PMCID: PMC11195260 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Dependence is a hallmark of alcohol use disorder characterized by excessive alcohol intake and withdrawal symptoms. The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is a key brain structure underlying the synaptic and behavioral consequences of ethanol dependence. While accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission and behavior, there is a limited understanding of the role astrocytes play in ethanol dependence. The present study used a combination of viral labeling, super resolution confocal microscopy, 3D image analysis, and slice electrophysiology to determine the effects of chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure on astrocyte plasticity in the CeA. During withdrawal from CIE exposure, we observed increased GABA transmission, an upregulation in astrocytic GAT3 levels, and an increased proximity of astrocyte processes near CeA synapses. Furthermore, GAT3 levels and synaptic proximity were positively associated with voluntary ethanol drinking in dependent rats. Slice electrophysiology confirmed that the upregulation in astrocytic GAT3 levels was functional, as CIE exposure unmasked a GAT3-sensitive tonic GABA current in the CeA. A causal role for astrocytic GAT3 in ethanol dependence was assessed using viral-mediated GAT3 overexpression and knockdown approaches. However, GAT3 knockdown or overexpression had no effect on somatic withdrawal symptoms, dependence-escalated ethanol intake, aversion-resistant drinking, or post-dependent ethanol drinking in male or female rats. Moreover, intra-CeA pharmacological inhibition of GAT3 also did not alter dependent ethanol drinking. Together, these findings indicate that ethanol dependence induces GABAergic dysregulation and astrocyte plasticity in the CeA. However, astrocytic GAT3 does not appear necessary for the drinking related phenotypes associated with dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd B. Nentwig
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
| | - J. Daniel Obray
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
| | - Anna Kruyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
- Current affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Erik T Wilkes
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
| | - Dylan T. Vaughan
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
- Current affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael D. Scofield
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
| | - L. Judson Chandler
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States
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16
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Graziano B, Wang L, White OR, Kaplan DH, Fernandez-Abascal J, Bianchi L. Glial KCNQ K + channels control neuronal output by regulating GABA release from glia in C. elegans. Neuron 2024; 112:1832-1847.e7. [PMID: 38460523 PMCID: PMC11156561 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
KCNQs are voltage-gated K+ channels that control neuronal excitability and are mutated in epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). KCNQs have been extensively studied in neurons, but their function in glia is unknown. Using voltage, calcium, and GABA imaging, optogenetics, and behavioral assays, we show here for the first time in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) that glial KCNQ channels control neuronal excitability by mediating GABA release from glia via regulation of the function of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Further, we show that human KCNQ channels have the same role when expressed in nematode glia, underscoring conservation of function across species. Finally, we show that pathogenic loss-of-function and gain-of-function human KCNQ2 mutations alter glia-to-neuron GABA signaling in distinct ways and that the KCNQ channel opener retigabine exerts rescuing effects. This work identifies glial KCNQ channels as key regulators of neuronal excitability via control of GABA release from glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Graziano
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Olivia R White
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daryn H Kaplan
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jesus Fernandez-Abascal
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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17
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Wu S, Hong Y, Chu C, Gan Y, Li X, Tao M, Wang D, Hu H, Zheng Z, Zhu Q, Han X, Zhu W, Xu M, Dong Y, Liu Y, Guo X. Construction of human 3D striato-nigral assembloids to recapitulate medium spiny neuronal projection defects in Huntington's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316176121. [PMID: 38771878 PMCID: PMC11145230 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316176121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The striato-nigral (Str-SN) circuit is composed of medium spiny neuronal projections that are mainly sent from the striatum to the midbrain substantial nigra (SN), which is essential for regulating motor behaviors. Dysfunction of the Str-SN circuitry may cause a series of motor disabilities that are associated with neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's disease (HD). Although the etiology of HD is known as abnormally expanded CAG repeats of the huntingtin gene, treatment of HD remains tremendously challenging. One possible reason is the lack of effective HD model that resembles Str-SN circuitry deficits for pharmacological studies. Here, we first differentiated striatum-like organoids from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), containing functional medium spiny neurons (MSNs). We then generated 3D Str-SN assembloids by assembling striatum-like organoids with midbrain SN-like organoids. With AAV-hSYN-GFP-mediated viral tracing, extensive MSN projections from the striatum to the SN are established, which formed synaptic connection with GABAergic neurons in SN organoids and showed the optically evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents and electronic field potentials by labeling the striatum-like organoids with optogenetic virus. Furthermore, these Str-SN assembloids exhibited enhanced calcium activity compared to that of individual striatal organoids. Importantly, we further demonstrated the reciprocal projection defects in HD iPSC-derived assembloids, which could be ameliorated by treatment of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Taken together, these findings suggest that Str-SN assembloids could be used for identifying MSN projection defects and could be applied as potential drug test platforms for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Yuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Chu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Yixia Gan
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai200241, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Mengdan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University, Sipailou, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Da Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Zhilong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai200241, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University, Sipailou, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Xing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing211166, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu226001, China
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18
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Chen AB, Duque M, Wang VM, Dhanasekar M, Mi X, Rymbek A, Tocquer L, Narayan S, Prober D, Yu G, Wyart C, Engert F, Ahrens MB. Norepinephrine changes behavioral state via astroglial purinergic signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.595576. [PMID: 38826423 PMCID: PMC11142163 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Both neurons and glia communicate via diffusible neuromodulatory substances, but the substrates of computation in such neuromodulatory networks are unclear. During behavioral transitions in the larval zebrafish, the neuromodulator norepinephrine drives fast excitation and delayed inhibition of behavior and circuit activity. We find that the inhibitory arm of this feedforward motif is implemented by astroglial purinergic signaling. Neuromodulator imaging, behavioral pharmacology, and perturbations of neurons and astroglia reveal that norepinephrine triggers astroglial release of adenosine triphosphate, extracellular conversion into adenosine, and behavioral suppression through activation of hindbrain neuronal adenosine receptors. This work, along with a companion piece by Lefton and colleagues demonstrating an analogous pathway mediating the effect of norepinephrine on synaptic connectivity in mice, identifies a computational and behavioral role for an evolutionarily conserved astroglial purinergic signaling axis in norepinephrine-mediated behavioral and brain state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B. Chen
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marc Duque
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vickie M. Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mahalakshmi Dhanasekar
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (Institut du Cerveau, ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7225, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Campus Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Xuelong Mi
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Altyn Rymbek
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Loeva Tocquer
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (Institut du Cerveau, ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7225, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Campus Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sujatha Narayan
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
- Present address: Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics; Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - David Prober
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Claire Wyart
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute (Institut du Cerveau, ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7225, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Campus Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Florian Engert
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Misha B. Ahrens
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
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19
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Lefton KB, Wu Y, Yen A, Okuda T, Zhang Y, Dai Y, Walsh S, Manno R, Dougherty JD, Samineni VK, Simpson PC, Papouin T. Norepinephrine Signals Through Astrocytes To Modulate Synapses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595135. [PMID: 38826209 PMCID: PMC11142048 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Locus coeruleus (LC)-derived norepinephrine (NE) drives network and behavioral adaptations to environmental saliencies by reconfiguring circuit connectivity, but the underlying synapse-level mechanisms are elusive. Here, we show that NE remodeling of synaptic function is independent from its binding on neuronal receptors. Instead, astrocytic adrenergic receptors and Ca2+ dynamics fully gate the effect of NE on synapses as the astrocyte-specific deletion of adrenergic receptors and three independent astrocyte-silencing approaches all render synapses insensitive to NE. Additionally, we find that NE suppression of synaptic strength results from an ATP-derived and adenosine A1 receptor-mediated control of presynaptic efficacy. An accompanying study from Chen et al. reveals the existence of an analogous pathway in the larval zebrafish and highlights its importance to behavioral state transitions. Together, these findings fuel a new model wherein astrocytes are a core component of neuromodulatory systems and the circuit effector through which norepinephrine produces network and behavioral adaptations, challenging an 80-year-old status quo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn B Lefton
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Allen Yen
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Takao Okuda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Yufen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Yanchao Dai
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Walsh
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Rachel Manno
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Joseph D Dougherty
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Vijay K Samineni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
| | - Paul C Simpson
- Deparment of Medicine and Research Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, 94143, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Papouin
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA
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20
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Gong L, Pasqualetti F, Papouin T, Ching S. Astrocytes as a mechanism for contextually-guided network dynamics and function. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012186. [PMID: 38820533 PMCID: PMC11168681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are a ubiquitous and enigmatic type of non-neuronal cell and are found in the brain of all vertebrates. While traditionally viewed as being supportive of neurons, it is increasingly recognized that astrocytes play a more direct and active role in brain function and neural computation. On account of their sensitivity to a host of physiological covariates and ability to modulate neuronal activity and connectivity on slower time scales, astrocytes may be particularly well poised to modulate the dynamics of neural circuits in functionally salient ways. In the current paper, we seek to capture these features via actionable abstractions within computational models of neuron-astrocyte interaction. Specifically, we engage how nested feedback loops of neuron-astrocyte interaction, acting over separated time-scales, may endow astrocytes with the capability to enable learning in context-dependent settings, where fluctuations in task parameters may occur much more slowly than within-task requirements. We pose a general model of neuron-synapse-astrocyte interaction and use formal analysis to characterize how astrocytic modulation may constitute a form of meta-plasticity, altering the ways in which synapses and neurons adapt as a function of time. We then embed this model in a bandit-based reinforcement learning task environment, and show how the presence of time-scale separated astrocytic modulation enables learning over multiple fluctuating contexts. Indeed, these networks learn far more reliably compared to dynamically homogeneous networks and conventional non-network-based bandit algorithms. Our results fuel the notion that neuron-astrocyte interactions in the brain benefit learning over different time-scales and the conveyance of task-relevant contextual information onto circuit dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Gong
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Fabio Pasqualetti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Papouin
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - ShiNung Ching
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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21
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Roy K, Zhou X, Otani R, Yuan PC, Ioka S, Vogt KE, Kondo T, Farag NHT, Ijiri H, Wu Z, Chitose Y, Amezawa M, Uygun DS, Cherasse Y, Nagase H, Li Y, Yanagisawa M, Abe M, Basheer R, Wang YQ, Saitoh T, Lazarus M. Optochemical control of slow-wave sleep in the nucleus accumbens of male mice by a photoactivatable allosteric modulator of adenosine A 2A receptors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3661. [PMID: 38688901 PMCID: PMC11061178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Optochemistry, an emerging pharmacologic approach in which light is used to selectively activate or deactivate molecules, has the potential to alleviate symptoms, cure diseases, and improve quality of life while preventing uncontrolled drug effects. The development of in-vivo applications for optochemistry to render brain cells photoresponsive without relying on genetic engineering has been progressing slowly. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a region for the regulation of slow-wave sleep (SWS) through the integration of motivational stimuli. Adenosine emerges as a promising candidate molecule for activating indirect pathway neurons of the NAc expressing adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) to induce SWS. Here, we developed a brain-permeable positive allosteric modulator of A2ARs (A2AR PAM) that can be rapidly photoactivated with visible light (λ > 400 nm) and used it optoallosterically to induce SWS in the NAc of freely behaving male mice by increasing the activity of extracellular adenosine derived from astrocytic and neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Roy
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Xuzhao Zhou
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rintaro Otani
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ping-Chuan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Joint International Research Laboratory of Sleep, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shuji Ioka
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaspar E Vogt
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tamae Kondo
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nouran H T Farag
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Haruto Ijiri
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- PhD Program in Humanics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youhei Chitose
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Research Center for Photo-Drug-Delivery Systems (HiU-P-DDS), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mao Amezawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - David S Uygun
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - Yoan Cherasse
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagase
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yulong Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Research Center for Photo-Drug-Delivery Systems (HiU-P-DDS), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Radhika Basheer
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Qun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Joint International Research Laboratory of Sleep, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tsuyoshi Saitoh
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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22
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Chen YH, Lin S, Jin SY, Gao TM. Extracellular ATP Is a Homeostatic Messenger That Mediates Cell-Cell Communication in Physiological Processes and Psychiatric Diseases. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01261-7. [PMID: 38679359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal activity is the basis of information encoding and processing in the brain. During neuronal activation, intracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is generated to meet the high-energy demands. Simultaneously, ATP is secreted, increasing the extracellular ATP concentration and acting as a homeostatic messenger that mediates cell-cell communication to prevent aberrant hyperexcitability of the nervous system. In addition to the confined release and fast synaptic signaling of classic neurotransmitters within synaptic clefts, ATP can be released by all brain cells, diffuses widely, and targets different types of purinergic receptors on neurons and glial cells, making it possible to orchestrate brain neuronal activity and participate in various physiological processes, such as sleep and wakefulness, learning and memory, and feeding. Dysregulation of extracellular ATP leads to a destabilizing effect on the neural network, as found in the etiopathology of many psychiatric diseases, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder. In this review, we summarize advances in the understanding of the mechanisms by which extracellular ATP serves as an intercellular signaling molecule to regulate neural activity, with a focus on how it maintains the homeostasis of neural networks. In particular, we also focus on neural activity issues that result from dysregulation of extracellular ATP and propose that aberrant levels of extracellular ATP may play a role in the etiopathology of some psychiatric diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic targets of ATP signaling in the treatment of these psychiatric diseases. Finally, we suggest potential avenues to further elucidate the role of extracellular ATP in intercellular communication and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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Lu M, Shi J, Li X, Liu Y, Liu Y. Long-term intake of thermo-induced oxidized oil results in anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors: involvement of microglia and astrocytes. Food Funct 2024; 15:4037-4050. [PMID: 38533894 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05302d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Frequent consumption of fried foods has been strongly associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depression, particularly among young individuals. The existing evidence has indicated that acrylamide produced from starchy foods at high temperatures can induce anxious behavior. However, there is limited research on the nerve damage caused by thermo-induced oxidized oil (TIOO). In this study, we conducted behavioral tests on mice and found that prolonged consumption of TIOO led to significant anxiety behavior and a tendency toward depression. TIOO primarily induced these two emotional disorders by affecting the differentiation of microglia, the level of inflammatory factors, the activation of astrocytes, and glutamate circulation in brain tissue. By promoting the over-differentiation of microglia into M1 microglia, TIOO disrupted their differentiation balance, resulting in an up-regulation of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NOS2) in M1 microglia and a down-regulation of neuroprotective factors IL-4/IL-10 in M2 microglia, leading to nerve damage. Moreover, TIOO activated astrocytes, accelerating their proliferation and causing GFAP precipitation, which damaged astrocytes. Meanwhile, TIOO stimulates the secretion of the BDNF and reduces the level of the glutamate receptor GLT-1 in astrocytes, leading to a disorder in the glutamate-glutamine cycle, further exacerbating nerve damage. In conclusion, this study suggests that long-term intake of thermo-induced oxidized oil can trigger symptoms of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiachen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Future Food (Bai Ma) Research Institute, 111 Baima Road, Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Burton CL, Longaretti A, Zlatanovic A, Gomes GM, Tonini R. Striatal insights: a cellular and molecular perspective on repetitive behaviors in pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1386715. [PMID: 38601025 PMCID: PMC11004256 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1386715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals often behave repetitively and predictably. These repetitive behaviors can have a component that is learned and ingrained as habits, which can be evolutionarily advantageous as they reduce cognitive load and the expenditure of attentional resources. Repetitive behaviors can also be conscious and deliberate, and may occur in the absence of habit formation, typically when they are a feature of normal development in children, or neuropsychiatric disorders. They can be considered pathological when they interfere with social relationships and daily activities. For instance, people affected by obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, Huntington's disease and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome can display a wide range of symptoms like compulsive, stereotyped and ritualistic behaviors. The striatum nucleus of the basal ganglia is proposed to act as a master regulator of these repetitive behaviors through its circuit connections with sensorimotor, associative, and limbic areas of the cortex. However, the precise mechanisms within the striatum, detailing its compartmental organization, cellular specificity, and the intricacies of its downstream connections, remain an area of active research. In this review, we summarize evidence across multiple scales, including circuit-level, cellular, and molecular dimensions, to elucidate the striatal mechanisms underpinning repetitive behaviors and offer perspectives on the implicated disorders. We consider the close relationship between behavioral output and transcriptional changes, and thereby structural and circuit alterations, including those occurring through epigenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Raffaella Tonini
- Neuromodulation of Cortical and Subcortical Circuits Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
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25
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Han S, Li Z, Shi Y, Cui Y, Huang J, Frost DC, Rey FE, Liu R, Li L. 11-Plex DiLeu Isobaric Labeling Enables Quantitative Assessment of Brain Region Protein Association Networks Impacted by the Gut Microbiome. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3870-3878. [PMID: 38373348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota can regulate host brain functions and influence various physiological and pathological processes through the brain-gut axis. To systematically elucidate the intervention of different gut environments on different brain regions, we implemented an integrated approach that combines 11-plex DiLeu isobaric tags with a "BRIDGE" normalization strategy to comparatively analyze the proteome of six brain regions in germ-free (GF)- and conventionally raised (ConvR)-mice. A total of 5945 proteins were identified and 5656 were quantifiable, while 1906 of them were significantly changed between GF- and ConvR-mice; 281 proteins were filtered with FC greater than 1.2 in at least one brain region, of which heatmap analysis showed clear protein profile disparities, both between brain regions and gut microbiome conditions. Gut microbiome impact is most overt in the hypothalamus and the least in the thalamus region. Collectively, this approach allows an in-depth investigation of the induced protein changes by multiple gut microbiome environments in a brain region-specific manner. This comprehensive proteomic work improves the understanding of the brain region protein association networks impacted by the gut microbiome and highlights the critical roles of the brain-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zihui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yatao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Yusi Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Junfeng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Dustin C Frost
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Rui Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- Animal-Derived Chinese Medicine and Functional Peptides International Collaboration Joint Laboratory, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Lachman Institute for Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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26
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Zhou X, He Y, Xu T, Wu Z, Guo W, Xu X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Shang H, Huang L, Yao Z, Li Z, Su L, Li Z, Feng T, Zhang S, Monteiro O, Cunha RA, Huang ZL, Zhang K, Li Y, Cai X, Qu J, Chen JF. 40 Hz light flickering promotes sleep through cortical adenosine signaling. Cell Res 2024; 34:214-231. [PMID: 38332199 PMCID: PMC10907382 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Flickering light stimulation has emerged as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation strategy to alleviate neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the lack of a neurochemical underpinning has hampered its therapeutic development. Here, we demonstrate that light flickering triggered an immediate and sustained increase (up to 3 h after flickering) in extracellular adenosine levels in the primary visual cortex (V1) and other brain regions, as a function of light frequency and intensity, with maximal effects observed at 40 Hz frequency and 4000 lux. We uncovered cortical (glutamatergic and GABAergic) neurons, rather than astrocytes, as the cellular source, the intracellular adenosine generation from AMPK-associated energy metabolism pathways (but not SAM-transmethylation or salvage purine pathways), and adenosine efflux mediated by equilibrative nucleoside transporter-2 (ENT2) as the molecular pathway responsible for extracellular adenosine generation. Importantly, 40 Hz (but not 20 and 80 Hz) light flickering for 30 min enhanced non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) and REM sleep for 2-3 h in mice. This somnogenic effect was abolished by ablation of V1 (but not superior colliculus) neurons and by genetic deletion of the gene encoding ENT2 (but not ENT1), but recaptured by chemogenetic inhibition of V1 neurons and by focal infusion of adenosine into V1 in a dose-dependent manner. Lastly, 40 Hz light flickering for 30 min also promoted sleep in children with insomnia by decreasing sleep onset latency, increasing total sleep time, and reducing waking after sleep onset. Collectively, our findings establish the ENT2-mediated adenosine signaling in V1 as the neurochemical basis for 40 Hz flickering-induced sleep and unravel a novel and non-invasive treatment for insomnia, a condition that affects 20% of the world population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhao Zhou
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan He
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Xu
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiping Shang
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libin Huang
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhimo Yao
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zewen Li
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingya Su
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Olivia Monteiro
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia Qu
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- The Eye and Brain Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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27
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Sun W, Liu Z, Jiang X, Chen MB, Dong H, Liu J, Südhof TC, Quake SR. Spatial transcriptomics reveal neuron-astrocyte synergy in long-term memory. Nature 2024; 627:374-381. [PMID: 38326616 PMCID: PMC10937396 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-07011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Memory encodes past experiences, thereby enabling future plans. The basolateral amygdala is a centre of salience networks that underlie emotional experiences and thus has a key role in long-term fear memory formation1. Here we used spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to illuminate the cellular and molecular architecture of the role of the basolateral amygdala in long-term memory. We identified transcriptional signatures in subpopulations of neurons and astrocytes that were memory-specific and persisted for weeks. These transcriptional signatures implicate neuropeptide and BDNF signalling, MAPK and CREB activation, ubiquitination pathways, and synaptic connectivity as key components of long-term memory. Notably, upon long-term memory formation, a neuronal subpopulation defined by increased Penk and decreased Tac expression constituted the most prominent component of the memory engram of the basolateral amygdala. These transcriptional changes were observed both with single-cell RNA sequencing and with single-molecule spatial transcriptomics in intact slices, thereby providing a rich spatial map of a memory engram. The spatial data enabled us to determine that this neuronal subpopulation interacts with adjacent astrocytes, and functional experiments show that neurons require interactions with astrocytes to encode long-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle B Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Liu
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Redwood City, CA, USA.
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28
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Soto JS, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Wohlschlegel JA, Khakh BS. In vivo identification of astrocyte and neuron subproteomes by proximity-dependent biotinylation. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:896-927. [PMID: 38062165 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) comprises diverse and morphologically complex cells. To understand the molecular basis of their physiology, it is crucial to assess proteins expressed within intact cells. Commonly used methods utilize cell dissociation and sorting to isolate specific cell types such as neurons and astrocytes, the major CNS cells. Proteins purified from isolated cells are identified by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. However, dissociation and cell-sorting methods lead to near total loss of cellular morphology, thereby losing proteins from key relevant subcompartments such as processes, end feet, dendrites and axons. Here we provide a systematic protocol for cell- and subcompartment-specific labeling and identification of proteins found within intact astrocytes and neurons in vivo. This protocol utilizes the proximity-dependent biotinylation system BioID2, selectively expressed in either astrocytes or neurons, to label proximal proteins in a cell-specific manner. BioID2 is targeted genetically to assess the subproteomes of subcellular compartments such as the plasma membrane and sites of cell-cell contacts. We describe in detail the expression methods (variable timing), stereotaxic surgeries for expression (1-2 d and then 3 weeks), in vivo protein labeling (7 d), protein isolation (2-3 d), protein identification methods (2-3 d) and data analysis (1 week). The protocol can be applied to any area of the CNS in mouse models of physiological processes and for disease-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn S Soto
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James A Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baljit S Khakh
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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29
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of the "GABA Tone" in Normal and Pathological Conditions? Neurology 2024; 102:e209152. [PMID: 38252909 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
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30
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Ahmadpour N, Kantroo M, Stobart MJ, Meza-Resillas J, Shabanipour S, Parra-Nuñez J, Salamovska T, Muzaleva A, O'Hara F, Erickson D, Di Gaetano B, Carrion-Falgarona S, Weber B, Lamont A, Lavine NE, Kauppinen TM, Jackson MF, Stobart JL. Cortical astrocyte N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors influence whisker barrel activity and sensory discrimination in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1571. [PMID: 38383567 PMCID: PMC10882001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes express ionotropic receptors, including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). However, the contribution of NMDARs to astrocyte-neuron interactions, particularly in vivo, has not been elucidated. Here we show that a knockdown approach to selectively reduce NMDARs in mouse cortical astrocytes decreases astrocyte Ca2+ transients evoked by sensory stimulation. Astrocyte NMDAR knockdown also impairs nearby neuronal circuits by elevating spontaneous neuron activity and limiting neuronal recruitment, synchronization, and adaptation during sensory stimulation. Furthermore, this compromises the optimal processing of sensory information since the sensory acuity of the mice is reduced during a whisker-dependent tactile discrimination task. Lastly, we rescue the effects of astrocyte NMDAR knockdown on neurons and improve the tactile acuity of the animal by supplying exogenous ATP. Overall, our findings show that astrocytes can respond to nearby neuronal activity via their NMDAR, and that these receptors are an important component for purinergic signaling that regulate astrocyte-neuron interactions and cortical sensory discrimination in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meher Kantroo
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Muzaleva
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Finnegan O'Hara
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dustin Erickson
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Bruno Di Gaetano
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Bruno Weber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alana Lamont
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- PrairieNeuro Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Natalie E Lavine
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- PrairieNeuro Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tiina M Kauppinen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- PrairieNeuro Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Michael F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- PrairieNeuro Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jillian L Stobart
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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31
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Deng S, Guo A, Huang Z, Guan K, Zhu Y, Chan C, Gui J, Song C, Li X. The exploration of neuroinflammatory mechanism by which CRHR2 deficiency induced anxiety disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 128:110844. [PMID: 37640149 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and triggers glial neuroinflammatory phenotypes, which reduces monoamine neurotransmitters by activating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme. These changes can induce psychiatric diseases, including anxiety. Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) in the HPA axis is involved in the etiology of anxiety. Omega(n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can attenuate anxiety through anti-inflammation and HPA axis modulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by CRHR2 modulates anxiety and its correlation with neuroinflammation remain unclear. Here, we first constructed a crhr2 zebrafish mutant line, and evaluated anxiety-like behaviors, gene expression associated with the HPA axis, neuroinflammatory response, neurotransmitters, and PUFAs profile in crhr2+/+ and crhr2-/- zebrafish. The crhr2 deficiency decreased cortisol levels and up-regulated crhr1 and down-regulated crhb, crhbp, ucn3l and proopiomelanocortin a (pomc a) in zebrafish. Interestingly, a significant increase in the neuroinflammatory markers, translocator protein (TSPO) and the activation of microglia M1 phenotype (CD11b) were found in crhr2-/- zebrafish. As a consequence, the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, pro-inflammatory cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor, and astrocyte A1 phenotype c3 were up-regulated. While microglia anti-inflammatory phenotype (CD206), central anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-4, arginase-1, and transforming growth factor-β were downregulated. In parallel, crhr2-deficient zebrafish showed an upregulation of vdac1 protein, a TSPO ligand, and its downstream caspase-3. Furthermore, 5-HT/5-HIAA ratio was decreased and n-3 PUFAs deficiency was identified in crhr2-/- zebrafish. In conclusion, anxiety-like behavior displayed by crhr2-deficient zebrafish may be caused by the HPA axis dysfunction and enhanced neuroinflammation, which resulted in n-3 PUFAs and monoamine neurotransmitter reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Deng
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Anqi Guo
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Kaiyu Guan
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ya Zhu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheekai Chan
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jianfang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Xi Li
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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32
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Iyer M, Kantarci H, Cooper MH, Ambiel N, Novak SW, Andrade LR, Lam M, Jones G, Münch AE, Yu X, Khakh BS, Manor U, Zuchero JB. Oligodendrocyte calcium signaling promotes actin-dependent myelin sheath extension. Nat Commun 2024; 15:265. [PMID: 38177161 PMCID: PMC10767123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelin is essential for rapid nerve signaling and is increasingly found to play important roles in learning and in diverse diseases of the CNS. Morphological parameters of myelin such as sheath length are thought to precisely tune conduction velocity, but the mechanisms controlling sheath morphology are poorly understood. Local calcium signaling has been observed in nascent myelin sheaths and can be modulated by neuronal activity. However, the role of calcium signaling in sheath formation remains incompletely understood. Here, we use genetic tools to attenuate oligodendrocyte calcium signaling during myelination in the developing mouse CNS. Surprisingly, genetic calcium attenuation does not grossly affect the number of myelinated axons or myelin thickness. Instead, calcium attenuation causes myelination defects resulting in shorter, dysmorphic sheaths. Mechanistically, calcium attenuation reduces actin filaments in oligodendrocytes, and an intact actin cytoskeleton is necessary and sufficient to achieve accurate myelin morphology. Together, our work reveals a cellular mechanism required for accurate CNS myelin formation and may provide mechanistic insight into how oligodendrocytes respond to neuronal activity to sculpt and refine myelin sheaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Iyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Husniye Kantarci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Madeline H Cooper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Ambiel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sammy Weiser Novak
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo R Andrade
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mable Lam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Graham Jones
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra E Münch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xinzhu Yu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-, Champaign, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baljit S Khakh
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Uribe-Arias A, Rozenblat R, Vinepinsky E, Marachlian E, Kulkarni A, Zada D, Privat M, Topsakalian D, Charpy S, Candat V, Nourin S, Appelbaum L, Sumbre G. Radial astrocyte synchronization modulates the visual system during behavioral-state transitions. Neuron 2023; 111:4040-4057.e6. [PMID: 37863038 PMCID: PMC10783638 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Glial cells support the function of neurons. Recent evidence shows that astrocytes are also involved in brain computations. To explore whether and how their excitable nature affects brain computations and motor behaviors, we used two-photon Ca2+ imaging of zebrafish larvae expressing GCaMP in both neurons and radial astrocytes (RAs). We found that in the optic tectum, RAs synchronize their Ca2+ transients immediately after the end of an escape behavior. Using optogenetics, ablations, and a genetically encoded norepinephrine sensor, we observed that RA synchronous Ca2+ events are mediated by the locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine circuit. RA synchronization did not induce direct excitation or inhibition of tectal neurons. Nevertheless, it modulated the direction selectivity and the long-distance functional correlations among neurons. This mechanism supports freezing behavior following a switch to an alerted state. These results show that LC-mediated neuro-glial interactions modulate the visual system during transitions between behavioral states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Uribe-Arias
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Rotem Rozenblat
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and The Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ehud Vinepinsky
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emiliano Marachlian
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anirudh Kulkarni
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Zada
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and The Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Martin Privat
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Diego Topsakalian
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Charpy
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Candat
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Nourin
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lior Appelbaum
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and The Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Germán Sumbre
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France.
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Thompson A, Arano R, Saleem U, Preciado R, Munoz L, Nelson I, Ramos K, Kim Y, Li Y, Xu W. Brain-wide circuit-specific targeting of astrocytes. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100653. [PMID: 38052209 PMCID: PMC10753298 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are integral components of brain circuitry. They enwrap synapses, react to neuronal activity, and regulate synaptic transmission. Astrocytes are heterogeneous and exhibit distinct features and functions in different circuits. Selectively targeting the astrocytes associated with a given neuronal circuit would enable elucidation of their circuit-specific functions but has been technically challenging to date. Recently, we constructed anterograde transneuronal viral vectors based on yellow fever vaccine YFV-17D. Among them, the replication-incompetent YFVΔNS1-Cre can selectively turn on reporter genes in postsynaptic neurons if the viral gene NS1 is expressed in postsynaptic neurons. Here we show that without exogenous expression of NS1 at the postsynaptic sites, locally injected YFVΔNS1-Cre selectively turns on reporter genes in astrocytes in downstream brain regions. The targeting of astrocytes can occur across the whole brain but is specific for the neuronal circuits traced. Therefore, YFVΔNS1-Cre provides a tool for selective genetic targeting of astrocytes to reveal their circuit-specific roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Thompson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rachel Arano
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Uzair Saleem
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rebecca Preciado
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lizbeth Munoz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ian Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Katarina Ramos
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yerim Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Barnett D, Bohmbach K, Grelot V, Charlet A, Dallérac G, Ju YH, Nagai J, Orr AG. Astrocytes as Drivers and Disruptors of Behavior: New Advances in Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7463-7471. [PMID: 37940585 PMCID: PMC10634555 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1376-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are emerging as key regulators of cognitive function and behavior. This review highlights some of the latest advances in the understanding of astrocyte roles in different behavioral domains across lifespan and in disease. We address specific molecular and circuit mechanisms by which astrocytes modulate behavior, discuss their functional diversity and versatility, and highlight emerging astrocyte-targeted treatment strategies that might alleviate behavioral and cognitive dysfunction in pathologic conditions. Converging evidence across different model systems and manipulations is revealing that astrocytes regulate behavioral processes in a precise and context-dependent manner. Improved understanding of these astrocytic functions may generate new therapeutic strategies for various conditions with cognitive and behavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barnett
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
| | - Kirsten Bohmbach
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Valentin Grelot
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Alexandre Charlet
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Glenn Dallérac
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neurosciences, Paris, 91400, France
| | - Yeon Ha Ju
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Jun Nagai
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Glia-Neuron Circuit Dynamics, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Anna G Orr
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
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Verkhratsky A, Butt A, Li B, Illes P, Zorec R, Semyanov A, Tang Y, Sofroniew MV. Astrocytes in human central nervous system diseases: a frontier for new therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:396. [PMID: 37828019 PMCID: PMC10570367 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Astroglia are a broad class of neural parenchymal cells primarily dedicated to homoeostasis and defence of the central nervous system (CNS). Astroglia contribute to the pathophysiology of all neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders in ways that can be either beneficial or detrimental to disorder outcome. Pathophysiological changes in astroglia can be primary or secondary and can result in gain or loss of functions. Astroglia respond to external, non-cell autonomous signals associated with any form of CNS pathology by undergoing complex and variable changes in their structure, molecular expression, and function. In addition, internally driven, cell autonomous changes of astroglial innate properties can lead to CNS pathologies. Astroglial pathophysiology is complex, with different pathophysiological cell states and cell phenotypes that are context-specific and vary with disorder, disorder-stage, comorbidities, age, and sex. Here, we classify astroglial pathophysiology into (i) reactive astrogliosis, (ii) astroglial atrophy with loss of function, (iii) astroglial degeneration and death, and (iv) astrocytopathies characterised by aberrant forms that drive disease. We review astroglial pathophysiology across the spectrum of human CNS diseases and disorders, including neurotrauma, stroke, neuroinfection, autoimmune attack and epilepsy, as well as neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, metabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders. Characterising cellular and molecular mechanisms of astroglial pathophysiology represents a new frontier to identify novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Verkhratsky
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Arthur Butt
- Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peter Illes
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04109, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Zorec
- Celica Biomedical, Lab Cell Engineering, Technology Park, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alexey Semyanov
- Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University College of Medicine, 314033, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture for Senile Disease (Chengdu University of TCM), Ministry of Education/Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Michael V Sofroniew
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Brazhe A, Verisokin A, Verveyko D, Postnov D. Astrocytes: new evidence, new models, new roles. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1303-1333. [PMID: 37975000 PMCID: PMC10643736 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes have been in the limelight of active research for about 3 decades now. Over this period, ideas about their function and role in the nervous system have evolved from simple assistance in energy supply and homeostasis maintenance to a complex informational and metabolic hub that integrates data on local neuronal activity, sensory and arousal context, and orchestrates many crucial processes in the brain. Rapid progress in experimental techniques and data analysis produces a growing body of data, which can be used as a foundation for formulation of new hypotheses, building new refined mathematical models, and ultimately should lead to a new level of understanding of the contribution of astrocytes to the cognitive tasks performed by the brain. Here, we highlight recent progress in astrocyte research, which we believe expands our understanding of how low-level signaling at a cellular level builds up to processes at the level of the whole brain and animal behavior. We start our review with revisiting data on the role of noradrenaline-mediated astrocytic signaling in locomotion, arousal, sensory integration, memory, and sleep. We then briefly review astrocyte contribution to the regulation of cerebral blood flow regulation, which is followed by a discussion of biophysical mechanisms underlying astrocyte effects on different brain processes. The experimental section is closed by an overview of recent experimental techniques available for modulation and visualization of astrocyte dynamics. We then evaluate how the new data can be potentially incorporated into the new mathematical models or where and how it already has been done. Finally, we discuss an interesting prospect that astrocytes may be key players in important processes such as the switching between sleep and wakefulness and the removal of toxic metabolites from the brain milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Brazhe
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/24, Moscow, 119234 Russia
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, GSP-7, Miklukho-Maklay Str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - Andrey Verisokin
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Kursk State University, Radishcheva st., 33, Kursk, 305000 Russia
| | - Darya Verveyko
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Kursk State University, Radishcheva st., 33, Kursk, 305000 Russia
| | - Dmitry Postnov
- Department of Optics and Biophotonics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya st., 83, Saratov, 410012 Russia
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38
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Hastings N, Yu Y, Huang B, Middya S, Inaoka M, Erkamp NA, Mason RJ, Carnicer‐Lombarte A, Rahman S, Knowles TPJ, Bance M, Malliaras GG, Kotter MRN. Electrophysiological In Vitro Study of Long-Range Signal Transmission by Astrocytic Networks. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301756. [PMID: 37485646 PMCID: PMC10582426 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are diverse brain cells that form large networks communicating via gap junctions and chemical transmitters. Despite recent advances, the functions of astrocytic networks in information processing in the brain are not fully understood. In culture, brain slices, and in vivo, astrocytes, and neurons grow in tight association, making it challenging to establish whether signals that spread within astrocytic networks communicate with neuronal groups at distant sites, or whether astrocytes solely respond to their local environments. A multi-electrode array (MEA)-based device called AstroMEA is designed to separate neuronal and astrocytic networks, thus allowing to study the transfer of chemical and/or electrical signals transmitted via astrocytic networks capable of changing neuronal electrical behavior. AstroMEA demonstrates that cortical astrocytic networks can induce a significant upregulation in the firing frequency of neurons in response to a theta-burst charge-balanced biphasic current stimulation (5 pulses of 100 Hz × 10 with 200 ms intervals, 2 s total duration) of a separate neuronal-astrocytic group in the absence of direct neuronal contact. This result corroborates the view of astrocytic networks as a parallel mechanism of signal transmission in the brain that is separate from the neuronal connectome. Translationally, it highlights the importance of astrocytic network protection as a treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Hastings
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0AWUK
- Electrical Engineering DivisionDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FAUK
| | - Yi‐Lin Yu
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
- Department of Neurological SurgeryTri‐Service General HospitalNational Defence Medical CentreTaipei, Neihu District11490Taiwan
| | - Botian Huang
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
| | - Sagnik Middya
- Electrical Engineering DivisionDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FAUK
| | - Misaki Inaoka
- Electrical Engineering DivisionDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FAUK
| | - Nadia A. Erkamp
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryCentre for Misfolding DiseasesUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Roger J. Mason
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
| | | | - Saifur Rahman
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0AWUK
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryCentre for Misfolding DiseasesUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeJ J Thomson AveCambridgeCB3 0HEUK
| | - Manohar Bance
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering DivisionDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FAUK
| | - Mark R. N. Kotter
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0QQUK
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0AWUK
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39
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Namba MD, Xie Q, Barker JM. Advancing the preclinical study of comorbid neuroHIV and substance use disorders: Current perspectives and future directions. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:453-475. [PMID: 37567486 PMCID: PMC10528352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a persistent public health concern throughout the world. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a common comorbidity that can worsen treatment outcomes for people living with HIV. The relationship between HIV infection and SUD outcomes is likely bidirectional, making clear interrogation of neurobehavioral outcomes challenging in clinical populations. Importantly, the mechanisms through which HIV and addictive drugs disrupt homeostatic immune and CNS function appear to be highly overlapping and synergistic within HIV-susceptible reward and motivation circuitry in the central nervous system. Decades of animal research have revealed invaluable insights into mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology SUDs and HIV, although translational studies examining comorbid SUDs and HIV are very limited due to the technical challenges of modeling HIV infection preclinically. In this review, we discuss preclinical animal models of HIV and highlight key pathophysiological characteristics of each model, with a particular emphasis on rodent models of HIV. We then review the implementation of these models in preclinical SUD research and identify key gaps in knowledge in the field. Finally, we discuss how cutting-edge behavioral neuroscience tools, which have revealed key insights into the neurobehavioral mechanisms of SUDs, can be applied to preclinical animal models of HIV to reveal potential, novel treatment avenues for comorbid HIV and SUDs. Here, we argue that future preclinical SUD research would benefit from incorporating comorbidities such as HIV into animal models and would facilitate the discovery of more refined, subpopulation-specific mechanisms and effective SUD prevention and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Namba
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qiaowei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Barker
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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40
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Coulter OR, Walker CD, Risher ML. Astrocyte-specific Ca 2+ activity: Mechanisms of action, experimental tools, and roles in ethanol-induced dysfunction. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:410-421. [PMID: 36989534 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are a subtype of non-neuronal glial cells that reside in the central nervous system. Astrocytes have extensive peripheral astrocytic processes that ensheathe synapses to form the tripartite synapse. Through a multitude of pathways, astrocytes can influence synaptic development and structural maturation, respond to neuronal signals, and modulate synaptic transmission. Over the last decade, strong evidence has emerged demonstrating that astrocytes can influence behavioral outcomes in various animal models of cognition. However, the full extent of how astrocytes influence brain function is still being revealed. Astrocyte calcium (Ca2+) signaling has emerged as an important driver of astrocyte-neuronal communication allowing intricate crosstalk through mechanisms that are still not fully understood. Here, we will review the field's current understanding of astrocyte Ca2+ signaling and discuss the sophisticated state-of-the-art tools and approaches used to continue unraveling astrocytes' interesting role in brain function. Using the field of pre-clinical ethanol (EtOH) studies in the context of alcohol use disorder, we focus on how these novel approaches have helped to reveal an important role for astrocyte Ca2+ function in regulating EtOH consumption and how astrocyte Ca2+ dysfunction contributes to the cognitive deficits that emerge after EtOH exposure in a rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- O R Coulter
- Department of Biomedical Research, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - C D Walker
- Department of Biomedical Research, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
- Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Hershel 'Woody' Williams Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25704, USA
| | - M-L Risher
- Department of Biomedical Research, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
- Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Hershel 'Woody' Williams Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Huntington, WV 25704, USA
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41
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Gu JX, Wang J, Ma FJ, Liu MM, Chen SH, Wei Y, Xiao YF, Lv PY, Liu X, Qu JQ, Yan XX, Chen T. Rab11a in the spinal cord: an essential contributor to complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:70. [PMID: 37770900 PMCID: PMC10537208 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pain is a commonly observed clinical symptom in a range of acute and chronic diseases. However, the mechanism of inflammatory pain is far from clear yet. Rab11a, a small molecule guanosine triphosphate enzyme, is reported to regulate orofacial inflammatory pain in our previous works. However, the mechanism of Rab11a's involvement in the regulation of inflammatory pain remains obscure. Here, we aim to elucidate the potential mechanisms through which Rab11a contributes to the development of inflammatory pain in the spinal level. It's shown that neurons, rather than glial cells, were the primary cell type expressing Rab11a in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH). After intra-plantar injection of CFA, both the number of Fos/Rab11a-immunopositive neurons and the expression of Rab11a were increased. Administration of Rab11a-shRNA into the SDH resulted in significantly analgesic effect in mice with CFA injection. Application of Rab11a-shRNA also reduced the NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory post-synaptic current (EPSC) and the spike number of neurons in lamina II of the SDH in mice with CFA injection, without affecting the presynaptic glutamate release and the postsynaptic AMPA receptor-mediated EPSC. Our results thus suggest that the enhanced expression of neuronal Rab11a may be important for the process of inflammatory pain in mice with CFA injection, which is likely mediated by Rab11a's potentiation of the competence of post-synaptic NMDAR and spiking of SDH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu-Juan Ma
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao-Miao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si-Hai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiaogan Mental Health Center, Xiaogan, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Lv
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xian-Xia Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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42
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Paryani F, Kwon JS, Ng CW, Madden N, Ofori K, Tang A, Lu H, Li J, Mahajan A, Davidson SM, Basile A, McHugh C, Vonsattel JP, Hickman R, Zody M, Houseman DE, Goldman JE, Yoo AS, Menon V, Al-Dalahmah O. Multi-OMIC analysis of Huntington disease reveals a neuroprotective astrocyte state. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.08.556867. [PMID: 37745577 PMCID: PMC10515780 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.08.556867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal loss and astrogliosis. One hallmark of HD is the selective neuronal vulnerability of striatal medium spiny neurons. To date, the underlying mechanisms of this selective vulnerability have not been fully defined. Here, we employed a multi-omic approach including single nucleus RNAseq (snRNAseq), bulk RNAseq, lipidomics, HTT gene CAG repeat length measurements, and multiplexed immunofluorescence on post-mortem brain tissue from multiple brain regions of HD and control donors. We defined a signature of genes that is driven by CAG repeat length and found it enriched in astrocytic and microglial genes. Moreover, weighted gene correlation network analysis showed loss of connectivity of astrocytic and microglial modules in HD and identified modules that correlated with CAG-repeat length which further implicated inflammatory pathways and metabolism. We performed lipidomic analysis of HD and control brains and identified several lipid species that correlate with HD grade, including ceramides and very long chain fatty acids. Integration of lipidomics and bulk transcriptomics identified a consensus gene signature that correlates with HD grade and HD lipidomic abnormalities and implicated the unfolded protein response pathway. Because astrocytes are critical for brain lipid metabolism and play important roles in regulating inflammation, we analyzed our snRNAseq dataset with an emphasis on astrocyte pathology. We found two main astrocyte types that spanned multiple brain regions; these types correspond to protoplasmic astrocytes, and fibrous-like - CD44-positive, astrocytes. HD pathology was differentially associated with these cell types in a region-specific manner. One protoplasmic astrocyte cluster showed high expression of metallothionein genes, the depletion of this cluster positively correlated with the depletion of vulnerable medium spiny neurons in the caudate nucleus. We confirmed that metallothioneins were increased in cingulate HD astrocytes but were unchanged or even decreased in caudate astrocytes. We combined existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with a GWA study conducted on HD patients from the original Venezuelan cohort and identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the metallothionein gene locus associated with delayed age of onset. Functional studies found that metallothionein overexpressing astrocytes are better able to buffer glutamate and were neuroprotective of patient-derived directly reprogrammed HD MSNs as well as against rotenone-induced neuronal death in vitro. Finally, we found that metallothionein-overexpressing astrocytes increased the phagocytic activity of microglia in vitro and increased the expression of genes involved in fatty acid binding. Together, we identified an astrocytic phenotype that is regionally-enriched in less vulnerable brain regions that can be leveraged to protect neurons in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Paryani
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Ji-Sun Kwon
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Chris W Ng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering
| | - Nacoya Madden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Kenneth Ofori
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Alice Tang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Juncheng Li
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Aayushi Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Shawn M. Davidson
- Princeton University, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics
| | | | | | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Richard Hickman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | | | - David E. Houseman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Engineering
| | - James E. Goldman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Andrew S. Yoo
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
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43
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Phi NT, Yu X, Hong W. Control of social hierarchy beyond neurons. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1485-1486. [PMID: 37563297 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T Phi
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinzhu Yu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Weizhe Hong
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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44
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Noh K, Cho WH, Lee BH, Kim DW, Kim YS, Park K, Hwang M, Barcelon E, Cho YK, Lee CJ, Yoon BE, Choi SY, Park HY, Jun SB, Lee SJ. Cortical astrocytes modulate dominance behavior in male mice by regulating synaptic excitatory and inhibitory balance. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1541-1554. [PMID: 37563296 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Social hierarchy is established as an outcome of individual social behaviors, such as dominance behavior during long-term interactions with others. Astrocytes are implicated in optimizing the balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) neuronal activity, which may influence social behavior. However, the contribution of astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex to dominance behavior is unclear. Here we show that dorsomedial prefrontal cortical (dmPFC) astrocytes modulate E/I balance and dominance behavior in adult male mice using in vivo fiber photometry and two-photon microscopy. Optogenetic and chemogenetic activation or inhibition of dmPFC astrocytes show that astrocytes bidirectionally control male mouse dominance behavior, affecting social rank. Dominant and subordinate male mice present distinct prefrontal synaptic E/I balance, regulated by astrocyte activity. Mechanistically, we show that dmPFC astrocytes control cortical E/I balance by simultaneously enhancing presynaptic-excitatory and reducing postsynaptic-inhibitory transmission via astrocyte-derived glutamate and ATP release, respectively. Our findings show how dmPFC astrocyte-neuron communication can be involved in the establishment of social hierarchy in adult male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Noh
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Cho
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Sung Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Keebum Park
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Hwang
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ellane Barcelon
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Cho
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sang Beom Jun
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Koh W, Kwak H, Cheong E, Lee CJ. GABA tone regulation and its cognitive functions in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:523-539. [PMID: 37495761 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter released at GABAergic synapses, mediating fast-acting phasic inhibition. Emerging lines of evidence unequivocally indicate that a small amount of extracellular GABA - GABA tone - exists in the brain and induces a tonic GABA current that controls neuronal activity on a slow timescale relative to that of phasic inhibition. Surprisingly, studies indicate that glial cells that synthesize GABA, such as astrocytes, release GABA through non-vesicular mechanisms, such as channel-mediated release, and thereby act as the source of GABA tone in the brain. In this Review, we first provide an overview of major advances in our understanding of the cell-specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of GABA synthesis, release and clearance that regulate GABA tone in various brain regions. We next examine the diverse ways in which the tonic GABA current regulates synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity through extrasynaptic GABAA-receptor-mediated mechanisms. Last, we discuss the physiological mechanisms through which tonic inhibition modulates cognitive function on a slow timescale. In this Review, we emphasize that the cognitive functions of tonic GABA current extend beyond mere inhibition, laying a foundation for future research on the physiological and pathophysiological roles of GABA tone regulation in normal and abnormal psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhyun Koh
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hankyul Kwak
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunji Cheong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea.
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46
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Gan C, Li W, Xu J, Pang L, Tang L, Yu S, Li A, Ge H, Huang R, Cheng H. Advances in the study of the molecular biological mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3275-3299. [PMID: 37693137 PMCID: PMC10492106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the most commonly used treatments for head and neck cancers, but it often leads to radiation-induced brain injury. Patients with radiation-induced brain injury have a poorer quality of life, and no effective treatments are available. The pathogenesis of this condition is unknown. This review summarizes the molecular biological mechanism of radiation-induced brain injury and provides research directions for future studies. The molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury are diverse and complex. Radiation-induced chronic neuroinflammation, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and physiopathological responses caused by specific exosome secretion lead to radiation-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lulian Pang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxue Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anlong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Han Ge
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Runze Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, China
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47
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Fernández-Moncada I, Eraso-Pichot A, Tor TD, Fortunato-Marsol B, Marsicano G. An enquiry to the role of CB1 receptors in neurodegeneration. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106235. [PMID: 37481040 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are debilitating conditions that impair patient quality of life and that represent heavy social-economic burdens to society. Whereas the root of some of these brain illnesses lies in autosomal inheritance, the origin of most of these neuropathologies is scantly understood. Similarly, the cellular and molecular substrates explaining the progressive loss of brain functions remains to be fully described too. Indeed, the study of brain neurodegeneration has resulted in a complex picture, composed of a myriad of altered processes that include broken brain bioenergetics, widespread neuroinflammation and aberrant activity of signaling pathways. In this context, several lines of research have shown that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and its main signaling hub, the type-1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor are altered in diverse neurodegenerative disorders. However, some of these data are conflictive or poorly described. In this review, we summarize the findings about the alterations in ECS and CB1 receptors signaling in three representative brain illnesses, the Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, and we discuss the relevance of these studies in understanding neurodegeneration development and progression, with a special focus on astrocyte function. Noteworthy, the analysis of ECS defects in neurodegeneration warrant much more studies, as our conceptual understanding of ECS function has evolved quickly in the last years, which now include glia cells and the subcellular-specific CB1 receptors signaling as critical players of brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abel Eraso-Pichot
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Tommaso Dalla Tor
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania 95124, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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48
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Lines J, Baraibar AM, Nanclares C, Martin E, Aguilar JDLR, Kofuji P, Navarrete M, Araque A. A spatial threshold for astrocyte calcium surge. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.18.549563. [PMID: 37503130 PMCID: PMC10370153 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.18.549563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are active cells involved in brain function through the bidirectional communication with neurons, in which the astrocyte calcium signal plays a crucial role. Synaptically-evoked calcium increases can be localized to independent subcellular domains or expand to the entire cell, i.e., calcium surge. In turn, astrocytes may regulate individual synapses by calcium-dependent release of gliotransmitters. Because a single astrocyte may contact ~100,000 synapses, the control of the intracellular calcium signal propagation may have relevant consequences on brain function by regulating the spatial range of astrocyte neuromodulation of synapses. Yet, the properties governing the spatial dynamics of the astrocyte calcium signal remains poorly defined. Imaging subcellular responses of cortical astrocytes to sensory stimulation in mice, we show that sensory-evoked astrocyte calcium responses originated and remained localized in domains of the astrocytic arborization, but eventually propagated to the entire cell if a spatial threshold of >23% of the arborization being activated was surpassed. Using transgenic IP3R2-/- mice, we found that type-2 IP3 receptors were necessary for the generation of the astrocyte calcium surge. We finally show using in situ electrophysiological recordings that the spatial threshold of the astrocyte calcium signal consequently determined the gliotransmitter release. Present results reveal a fundamental property of astrocyte calcium physiology, i.e., a spatial threshold for the astrocyte intracellular calcium signal propagation, which depends on astrocyte intrinsic properties and governs the astrocyte integration of local synaptic activity and the subsequent neuromodulation.
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49
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Pereira MJ, Ayana R, Holt MG, Arckens L. Chemogenetic manipulation of astrocyte activity at the synapse- a gateway to manage brain disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1193130. [PMID: 37534103 PMCID: PMC10393042 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the major glial cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). Initially regarded as supportive cells, it is now recognized that this highly heterogeneous cell population is an indispensable modulator of brain development and function. Astrocytes secrete neuroactive molecules that regulate synapse formation and maturation. They also express hundreds of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that, once activated by neurotransmitters, trigger intracellular signalling pathways that can trigger the release of gliotransmitters which, in turn, modulate synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity. Considering this, it is not surprising that astrocytic dysfunction, leading to synaptic impairment, is consistently described as a factor in brain diseases, whether they emerge early or late in life due to genetic or environmental factors. Here, we provide an overview of the literature showing that activation of genetically engineered GPCRs, known as Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs), to specifically modulate astrocyte activity partially mimics endogenous signalling pathways in astrocytes and improves neuronal function and behavior in normal animals and disease models. Therefore, we propose that expressing these genetically engineered GPCRs in astrocytes could be a promising strategy to explore (new) signalling pathways which can be used to manage brain disorders. The precise molecular, functional and behavioral effects of this type of manipulation, however, differ depending on the DREADD receptor used, targeted brain region and timing of the intervention, between healthy and disease conditions. This is likely a reflection of regional and disease/disease progression-associated astrocyte heterogeneity. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the effects of such astrocyte manipulation(s) must be conducted considering the specific cellular and molecular environment characteristic of each disease and disease stage before this has therapeutic applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Pereira
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rajagopal Ayana
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew G. Holt
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Laboratory of Synapse Biology, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Poejo J, Berrocal M, Saez L, Gutierrez-Merino C, Mata AM. Store-Operated Calcium Entry Inhibition and Plasma Membrane Calcium Pump Upregulation Contribute to the Maintenance of Resting Cytosolic Calcium Concentration in A1-like Astrocytes. Molecules 2023; 28:5363. [PMID: 37513235 PMCID: PMC10383710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly neurotoxic A1-reactive astrocytes have been associated with several human neurodegenerative diseases. Complement protein C3 expression is strongly upregulated in A1 astrocytes, and this protein has been shown to be a specific biomarker of these astrocytes. Several cytokines released in neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to upregulate the production of amyloid β protein precursor (APP) and neurotoxic amyloid β (Aβ) peptides in reactive astrocytes. Also, aberrant Ca2+ signals have been proposed as a hallmark of astrocyte functional remodeling in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. In this work, we induced the generation of A1-like reactive astrocytes after the co-treatment of U251 human astroglioma cells with a cocktail of the cytokines TNF-α, IL1-α and C1q. These A1-like astrocytes show increased production of APP and Aβ peptides compared to untreated U251 cells. Additionally, A1-like astrocytes show a (75 ± 10)% decrease in the Ca2+ stored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), (85 ± 10)% attenuation of Ca2+ entry after complete Ca2+ depletion of the ER, and three-fold upregulation of plasma membrane calcium pump expression, with respect to non-treated Control astrocytes. These altered intracellular Ca2+ dynamics allow A1-like astrocytes to efficiently counterbalance the enhanced release of Ca2+ from the ER, preventing a rise in the resting cytosolic Ca2+ concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Poejo
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares (IBPM), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Berrocal
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares (IBPM), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Lucía Saez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares (IBPM), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ana M Mata
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares (IBPM), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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