1
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Hira R. Closed-loop experiments and brain machine interfaces with multiphoton microscopy. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:033405. [PMID: 38375331 PMCID: PMC10876015 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.3.033405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
In the field of neuroscience, the importance of constructing closed-loop experimental systems has increased in conjunction with technological advances in measuring and controlling neural activity in live animals. We provide an overview of recent technological advances in the field, focusing on closed-loop experimental systems where multiphoton microscopy-the only method capable of recording and controlling targeted population activity of neurons at a single-cell resolution in vivo-works through real-time feedback. Specifically, we present some examples of brain machine interfaces (BMIs) using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging and discuss applications of two-photon optogenetic stimulation and adaptive optics to real-time BMIs. We also consider conditions for realizing future optical BMIs at the synaptic level, and their possible roles in understanding the computational principles of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riichiro Hira
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Garr E, Cheng Y, Jeong H, Brooke S, Castell L, Bal A, Magnard R, Namboodiri VMK, Janak PH. Mesostriatal dopamine is sensitive to changes in specific cue-reward contingencies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn4203. [PMID: 38809978 PMCID: PMC11135394 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn4203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Learning causal relationships relies on understanding how often one event precedes another. To investigate how dopamine neuron activity and neurotransmitter release change when a retrospective relationship is degraded for a specific pair of events, we used outcome-selective Pavlovian contingency degradation in rats. Conditioned responding was attenuated for the cue-reward contingency that was degraded, as was dopamine neuron activity in the midbrain and dopamine release in the ventral striatum in response to the cue and subsequent reward. Contingency degradation also abolished the trial-by-trial history dependence of the dopamine responses at the time of trial outcome. This profile of changes in cue- and reward-evoked responding is not easily explained by a standard reinforcement learning model. An alternative model based on learning causal relationships was better able to capture dopamine responses during contingency degradation, as well as conditioned behavior following optogenetic manipulations of dopamine during noncontingent rewards. Our results suggest that mesostriatal dopamine encodes the contingencies between meaningful events during learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Garr
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yifeng Cheng
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Huijeong Jeong
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sara Brooke
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Laia Castell
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Aneesh Bal
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Robin Magnard
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Vijay Mohan K. Namboodiri
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Patricia H. Janak
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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3
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Wietek J, Nozownik A, Pulin M, Saraf-Sinik I, Matosevich N, Gowrishankar R, Gat A, Malan D, Brown BJ, Dine J, Imambocus BN, Levy R, Sauter K, Litvin A, Regev N, Subramaniam S, Abrera K, Summarli D, Goren EM, Mizrachi G, Bitton E, Benjamin A, Copits BA, Sasse P, Rost BR, Schmitz D, Bruchas MR, Soba P, Oren-Suissa M, Nir Y, Wiegert JS, Yizhar O. A bistable inhibitory optoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits. Nat Methods 2024:10.1038/s41592-024-02285-8. [PMID: 38811857 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly manipulating their function. Chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, acting through endogenous G-protein-coupled receptor pathways, can be used to modulate synaptic transmission, but existing tools are limited in sensitivity, spatiotemporal precision or spectral multiplexing capabilities. Here we systematically evaluated multiple bistable opsins for optogenetic applications and found that the Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) is an efficient, versatile, light-activated bistable G-protein-coupled receptor that can suppress synaptic transmission in mammalian neurons with high temporal precision in vivo. PdCO has useful biophysical properties that enable spectral multiplexing with other optogenetic actuators and reporters. We demonstrate that PdCO can be used to conduct reversible loss-of-function experiments in long-range projections of behaving animals, thereby enabling detailed synapse-specific functional circuit mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wietek
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adrianna Nozownik
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Pulin
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raajaram Gowrishankar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asaf Gat
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bobbie J Brown
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; CNS Diseases, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Anna Litvin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suraj Subramaniam
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Khalid Abrera
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dustin Summarli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eva Madeline Goren
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gili Mizrachi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Bitton
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaf Benjamin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan A Copits
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Rost
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Soba
- LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meital Oren-Suissa
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Nir
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Simon Wiegert
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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4
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Ford AN, Czarny JE, Rogalla MM, Quass GL, Apostolides PF. Auditory Corticofugal Neurons Transmit Auditory and Non-auditory Information During Behavior. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1190232023. [PMID: 38123993 PMCID: PMC10869159 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1190-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Layer 5 pyramidal neurons of sensory cortices project "corticofugal" axons to myriad sub-cortical targets, thereby broadcasting high-level signals important for perception and learning. Recent studies suggest dendritic Ca2+ spikes as key biophysical mechanisms supporting corticofugal neuron function: these long-lasting events drive burst firing, thereby initiating uniquely powerful signals to modulate sub-cortical representations and trigger learning-related plasticity. However, the behavioral relevance of corticofugal dendritic spikes is poorly understood. We shed light on this issue using 2-photon Ca2+ imaging of auditory corticofugal dendrites as mice of either sex engage in a GO/NO-GO sound-discrimination task. Unexpectedly, only a minority of dendritic spikes were triggered by behaviorally relevant sounds under our conditions. Task related dendritic activity instead mostly followed sound cue termination and co-occurred with mice's instrumental licking during the answer period of behavioral trials, irrespective of reward consumption. Temporally selective, optogenetic silencing of corticofugal neurons during the trial answer period impaired auditory discrimination learning. Thus, auditory corticofugal systems' contribution to learning and plasticity may be partially nonsensory in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Ford
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Jordyn E Czarny
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Meike M Rogalla
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Gunnar L Quass
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Pierre F Apostolides
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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5
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Cola RB, Roccaro-Waldmeyer DM, Naim S, Babalian A, Seebeck P, Alvarez-Bolado G, Celio MR. Chemo- and optogenetic activation of hypothalamic Foxb1-expressing neurons and their terminal endings in the rostral-dorsolateral PAG leads to tachypnea, bradycardia, and immobility. eLife 2024; 12:RP86737. [PMID: 38300670 PMCID: PMC10945554 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxb1 -expressing neurons occur in the dorsal premammillary nucleus (PMd) and further rostrally in the parvafox nucleus, a longitudinal cluster of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus of rodents. The descending projection of these Foxb1+ neurons end in the dorsolateral part of the periaqueductal gray (dlPAG). The functional role of the Foxb1+ neuronal subpopulation in the PMd and the parvafox nucleus remains elusive. In this study, the activity of the Foxb1+ neurons and of their terminal endings in the dlPAG in mice was selectively altered by employing chemo- and optogenetic tools. Our results show that in whole-body barometric plethysmography, hM3Dq-mediated, global Foxb1+ neuron excitation activates respiration. Time-resolved optogenetic gain-of-function manipulation of the terminal endings of Foxb1+ neurons in the rostral third of the dlPAG leads to abrupt immobility and bradycardia. Chemogenetic activation of Foxb1+ cell bodies and ChR2-mediated excitation of their axonal endings in the dlPAG led to a phenotypical presentation congruent with a 'freezing-like' situation during innate defensive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto B Cola
- Anatomy and program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Diana M Roccaro-Waldmeyer
- Anatomy and program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Samara Naim
- Anatomy and program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Alexandre Babalian
- Anatomy and program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Petra Seebeck
- Zurich integrative Rodent Physiology (ZIRP), University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Marco R Celio
- Anatomy and program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
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6
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Kawatani M, Horio K, Ohkuma M, Li WR, Yamashita T. Interareal Synaptic Inputs Underlying Whisking-Related Activity in the Primary Somatosensory Barrel Cortex. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1148232023. [PMID: 38050130 PMCID: PMC10860602 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1148-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Body movements influence brain-wide neuronal activities. In the sensory cortex, thalamocortical bottom-up inputs and motor-sensory top-down inputs are thought to affect the dynamics of membrane potentials (Vm ) of neurons and change their processing of sensory information during movements. However, direct perturbation of the axons projecting to the sensory cortex from other remote areas during movements has remained unassessed, and therefore the interareal circuits generating motor-related signals in sensory cortices remain unclear. Using a Gi/o -coupled opsin, eOPN3, we here inhibited interareal signals incoming to the whisker primary somatosensory barrel cortex (wS1) of awake male mice and tested their effects on whisking-related changes in neuronal activities in wS1. Spontaneous whisking in air induced the changes in spike rates of a subset of wS1 neurons, which were accompanied by depolarization and substantial reduction of slow-wave oscillatory fluctuations of Vm Despite an extensive innervation, inhibition of inputs from the whisker primary motor cortex (wM1) to wS1 did not alter the spike rates and Vm dynamics of wS1 neurons during whisking. In contrast, inhibition of axons from the whisker-related thalamus (wTLM) and the whisker secondary somatosensory cortex (wS2) to wS1 largely attenuated the whisking-related supra- and sub-threshold Vm dynamics of wS1 neurons. Notably, silencing inputs from wTLM markedly decreased the modulation depth of whisking phase-tuned neurons in wS1, while inhibiting wS2 inputs did not impact the whisking variable tuning of wS1 neurons. Thus, sensorimotor integration in wS1 during spontaneous whisking is predominantly facilitated by direct synaptic inputs from wTLM and wS2 rather than from wM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kawatani
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kayo Horio
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Mahito Ohkuma
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Wan-Ru Li
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamashita
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
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7
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Atamian A, Birtele M, Hosseini N, Nguyen T, Seth A, Del Dosso A, Paul S, Tedeschi N, Taylor R, Coba MP, Samarasinghe R, Lois C, Quadrato G. Human cerebellar organoids with functional Purkinje cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:39-51.e6. [PMID: 38181749 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Research on human cerebellar development and disease has been hampered by the need for a human cell-based system that recapitulates the human cerebellum's cellular diversity and functional features. Here, we report a human organoid model (human cerebellar organoids [hCerOs]) capable of developing the complex cellular diversity of the fetal cerebellum, including a human-specific rhombic lip progenitor population that have never been generated in vitro prior to this study. 2-month-old hCerOs form distinct cytoarchitectural features, including laminar organized layering, and create functional connections between inhibitory and excitatory neurons that display coordinated network activity. Long-term culture of hCerOs allows healthy survival and maturation of Purkinje cells that display molecular and electrophysiological hallmarks of their in vivo counterparts, addressing a long-standing challenge in the field. This study therefore provides a physiologically relevant, all-human model system to elucidate the cell-type-specific mechanisms governing cerebellar development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Atamian
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Marcella Birtele
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Negar Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tuan Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anoothi Seth
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ashley Del Dosso
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sandeep Paul
- Spatial Genomics, 145 Vista Avenue Suite 111, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA
| | - Neil Tedeschi
- Spatial Genomics, 145 Vista Avenue Suite 111, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA
| | - Ryan Taylor
- Spatial Genomics, 145 Vista Avenue Suite 111, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA
| | - Marcelo P Coba
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ranmal Samarasinghe
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carlos Lois
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Giorgia Quadrato
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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8
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Ohnemus S, Vierock J, Schneider-Warme F. Optogenetics meets physiology. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1369-1373. [PMID: 38047968 PMCID: PMC10730680 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Ohnemus
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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9
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Berndt A, Cai D, Cohen A, Juarez B, Iglesias JT, Xiong H, Qin Z, Tian L, Slesinger PA. Current Status and Future Strategies for Advancing Functional Circuit Mapping In Vivo. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7587-7598. [PMID: 37940594 PMCID: PMC10634581 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1391-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain represents one of the most complex biological systems, containing billions of neurons interconnected through trillions of synapses. Inherent to the brain is a biochemical complexity involving ions, signaling molecules, and peptides that regulate neuronal activity and allow for short- and long-term adaptations. Large-scale and noninvasive imaging techniques, such as fMRI and EEG, have highlighted brain regions involved in specific functions and visualized connections between different brain areas. A major shortcoming, however, is the need for more information on specific cell types and neurotransmitters involved, as well as poor spatial and temporal resolution. Recent technologies have been advanced for neuronal circuit mapping and implemented in behaving model organisms to address this. Here, we highlight strategies for targeting specific neuronal subtypes, identifying, and releasing signaling molecules, controlling gene expression, and monitoring neuronal circuits in real-time in vivo Combined, these approaches allow us to establish direct causal links from genes and molecules to the systems level and ultimately to cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Cai
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenpeng Qin
- University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Lin Tian
- University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616
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10
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Mirabella PN, Fenselau H. Advanced neurobiological tools to interrogate metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:639-654. [PMID: 37674015 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Engineered neurobiological tools for the manipulation of cellular activity, such as chemogenetics and optogenetics, have become a cornerstone of modern neuroscience research. These tools are invaluable for the interrogation of the central control of metabolism as they provide a direct means to establish a causal relationship between brain activity and biological processes at the cellular, tissue and organismal levels. The utility of these methods has grown substantially due to advances in cellular-targeting strategies, alongside improvements in the resolution and potency of such tools. Furthermore, the potential to recapitulate endogenous cellular signalling has been enriched by insights into the molecular signatures and activity dynamics of discrete brain cell types. However, each modulatory tool has a specific set of advantages and limitations; therefore, tool selection and suitability are of paramount importance to optimally interrogate the cellular and circuit-based underpinnings of metabolic outcomes within the organism. Here, we describe the key principles and uses of engineered neurobiological tools. We also highlight inspiring applications and outline critical considerations to be made when using these tools within the field of metabolism research. We contend that the appropriate application of these biotechnological advances will enable the delineation of the central circuitry regulating systemic metabolism with unprecedented potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Nicholas Mirabella
- Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Fenselau
- Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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11
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Marcus DJ, Bruchas MR. Optical Approaches for Investigating Neuromodulation and G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1119-1139. [PMID: 37429736 PMCID: PMC10595021 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that roughly 40% of all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacological therapeutics target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), there remains a gap in our understanding of the physiologic and functional role of these receptors at the systems level. Although heterologous expression systems and in vitro assays have revealed a tremendous amount about GPCR signaling cascades, how these cascades interact across cell types, tissues, and organ systems remains obscure. Classic behavioral pharmacology experiments lack both the temporal and spatial resolution to resolve these long-standing issues. Over the past half century, there has been a concerted effort toward the development of optical tools for understanding GPCR signaling. From initial ligand uncaging approaches to more recent development of optogenetic techniques, these strategies have allowed researchers to probe longstanding questions in GPCR pharmacology both in vivo and in vitro. These tools have been employed across biologic systems and have allowed for interrogation of everything from specific intramolecular events to pharmacology at the systems level in a spatiotemporally specific manner. In this review, we present a historical perspective on the motivation behind and development of a variety of optical toolkits that have been generated to probe GPCR signaling. Here we highlight how these tools have been used in vivo to uncover the functional role of distinct populations of GPCRs and their signaling cascades at a systems level. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain one of the most targeted classes of proteins for pharmaceutical intervention, yet we still have a limited understanding of how their unique signaling cascades effect physiology and behavior at the systems level. In this review, we discuss a vast array of optical techniques that have been devised to probe GPCR signaling both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Marcus
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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12
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Labouesse MA, Torres-Herraez A, Chohan MO, Villarin JM, Greenwald J, Sun X, Zahran M, Tang A, Lam S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Lacefield CO, Bonaventura J, Michaelides M, Chan CS, Yizhar O, Kellendonk C. A non-canonical striatopallidal Go pathway that supports motor control. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6712. [PMID: 37872145 PMCID: PMC10593790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the classical model of the basal ganglia, direct pathway striatal projection neurons (dSPNs) send projections to the substantia nigra (SNr) and entopeduncular nucleus to regulate motor function. Recent studies have re-established that dSPNs also possess axon collaterals within the globus pallidus (GPe) (bridging collaterals), yet the significance of these collaterals for behavior is unknown. Here we use in vivo optical and chemogenetic tools combined with deep learning approaches in mice to dissect the roles of dSPN GPe collaterals in motor function. We find that dSPNs projecting to the SNr send synchronous motor-related information to the GPe via axon collaterals. Inhibition of native activity in dSPN GPe terminals impairs motor activity and function via regulation of Npas1 neurons. We propose a model by which dSPN GPe axon collaterals (striatopallidal Go pathway) act in concert with the canonical terminals in the SNr to support motor control by inhibiting Npas1 neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Labouesse
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Health, Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Arturo Torres-Herraez
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Muhammad O Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joseph M Villarin
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Julia Greenwald
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Mysarah Zahran
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Clay O Lacefield
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Institut de Neurociències, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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13
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Li JY, Glickfeld LL. Input-specific synaptic depression shapes temporal integration in mouse visual cortex. Neuron 2023; 111:3255-3269.e6. [PMID: 37543037 PMCID: PMC10592405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient sensory processing requires the nervous system to adjust to ongoing features of the environment. In primary visual cortex (V1), neuronal activity strongly depends on recent stimulus history. Existing models can explain effects of prolonged stimulus presentation but remain insufficient for explaining effects observed after shorter durations commonly encountered under natural conditions. We investigated the mechanisms driving adaptation in response to brief (100 ms) stimuli in L2/3 V1 neurons by performing in vivo whole-cell recordings to measure membrane potential and synaptic inputs. We find that rapid adaptation is generated by stimulus-specific suppression of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. Targeted optogenetic experiments reveal that these synaptic effects are due to input-specific short-term depression of transmission between layers 4 and 2/3. Thus, brief stimulus presentation engages a distinct adaptation mechanism from that previously reported in response to prolonged stimuli, enabling flexible control of sensory encoding across a wide range of timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Lindsey L Glickfeld
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
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14
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Neske GT, Cardin JA. Transthalamic input to higher-order cortex selectively conveys state information. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.08.561424. [PMID: 37873181 PMCID: PMC10592671 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.08.561424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Communication among different neocortical areas is largely thought to be mediated by long-range synaptic interactions between cortical neurons, with the thalamus providing only an initial relay of information from the sensory periphery. Higher-order thalamic nuclei receive strong synaptic inputs from the cortex and send robust projections back to other cortical areas, providing a distinct and potentially critical route for cortico-cortical communication. However, the relative contributions of corticocortical and thalamocortical inputs to higher-order cortical function remain unclear. Using imaging of cortical neurons and projection axon terminals in combination with optogenetic manipulations, we find that the higher-order visual thalamus of mice conveys a specialized stream of information to higher-order visual cortex. Whereas corticocortical projections from lower cortical areas convey robust visual information, higher-order thalamocortical projections convey strong behavioral state information. Together, these findings suggest a key role for higher-order thalamus in providing contextual signals that flexibly modulate sensory processing in higher-order cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett T. Neske
- Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Present address: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A. Cardin
- Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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15
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Dubanet O, Higley MJ. Retrosplenial inputs drive diverse visual representations in the medial entorhinal cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560642. [PMID: 37873152 PMCID: PMC10592898 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The ability of rodents to use visual cues for successful navigation and goal-directed behavior has been long appreciated, although the neural mechanisms supporting sensory representations in navigational circuits are largely unknown. Navigation is fundamentally dependent on the hippocampus and closely connected entorhinal cortex, whose neurons exhibit characteristic firing patterns corresponding to the animal's location. The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) receives direct projections from sensory areas in the neocortex, suggesting the ability to encode sensory information. To examine this possibility, we performed high-density recordings of MEC neurons in awake, head-fixed mice presented with simple visual stimuli and assessed the dynamics of sensory-evoked activity. We found a large fraction of neurons exhibited robust responses to visual input that shaped activity relative to ongoing network dynamics. Visually responsive cells could be separated into subgroups based on functional and molecular properties within deep layers of the dorsal MEC, suggesting diverse populations within the MEC contribute to sensory encoding. We then showed that optogenetic suppression of retrosplenial cortex afferents within the MEC strongly reduced visual responses. Overall, our results demonstrate the the MEC can encode simple visual cues in the environment that can contribute to neural representations of location necessary for accurate navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Dubanet
- Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Michael J Higley
- Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Chen Z, Ma G, Wang L, Liu Y, Qin M, Fei X, Wu Y, Xu M, Zhang S. A frontal transcallosal inhibition loop mediates interhemispheric balance in visuospatial processing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5213. [PMID: 37626171 PMCID: PMC10457336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Interhemispheric communication through the corpus callosum is required for both sensory and cognitive processes. Impaired transcallosal inhibition causing interhemispheric imbalance is believed to underlie visuospatial bias after frontoparietal cortical damage, but the synaptic circuits involved remain largely unknown. Here, we show that lesions in the mouse anterior cingulate area (ACA) cause severe visuospatial bias mediated by a transcallosal inhibition loop. In a visual-change-detection task, ACA callosal-projection neurons (CPNs) were more active with contralateral visual field changes than with ipsilateral changes. Unilateral CPN inactivation impaired contralateral change detection but improved ipsilateral detection by altering interhemispheric interaction through callosal projections. CPNs strongly activated contralateral parvalbumin-positive (PV+) neurons, and callosal-input-driven PV+ neurons preferentially inhibited ipsilateral CPNs, thus mediating transcallosal inhibition. Unilateral PV+ neuron activation caused a similar behavioral bias to contralateral CPN activation and ipsilateral CPN inactivation, and bilateral PV+ neuron activation eliminated this bias. Notably, restoring interhemispheric balance by activating contralesional PV+ neurons significantly improved contralesional detection in ACA-lesioned animals. Thus, a frontal transcallosal inhibition loop comprising CPNs and callosal-input-driven PV+ neurons mediates interhemispheric balance in visuospatial processing, and enhancing contralesional transcallosal inhibition restores interhemispheric balance while also reversing lesion-induced bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhaonan Chen
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guofen Ma
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lizhao Wang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Meiling Qin
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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17
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Hagio H, Koyama W, Hosaka S, Song AD, Narantsatsral J, Matsuda K, Sugihara T, Shimizu T, Koyanagi M, Terakita A, Hibi M. Optogenetic manipulation of Gq- and Gi/o-coupled receptor signaling in neurons and heart muscle cells. eLife 2023; 12:e83974. [PMID: 37589544 PMCID: PMC10435233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transmit signals into cells depending on the G protein type. To analyze the functions of GPCR signaling, we assessed the effectiveness of animal G-protein-coupled bistable rhodopsins that can be controlled into active and inactive states by light application using zebrafish. We expressed Gq- and Gi/o-coupled bistable rhodopsins in hindbrain reticulospinal V2a neurons, which are involved in locomotion, or in cardiomyocytes. Light stimulation of the reticulospinal V2a neurons expressing Gq-coupled spider Rh1 resulted in an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ level and evoked swimming behavior. Light stimulation of cardiomyocytes expressing the Gi/o-coupled mosquito Opn3, pufferfish TMT opsin, or lamprey parapinopsin induced cardiac arrest, and the effect was suppressed by treatment with pertussis toxin or barium, suggesting that Gi/o-dependent regulation of inward-rectifier K+ channels controls cardiac function. These data indicate that these rhodopsins are useful for optogenetic control of GPCR-mediated signaling in zebrafish neurons and cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Hagio
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Wataru Koyama
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Shiori Hosaka
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | - Koji Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Akihisa Terakita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masahiko Hibi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
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18
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Wang X, Liu Z, Angelov M, Feng Z, Li X, Li A, Yang Y, Gong H, Gao Z. Excitatory nucleo-olivary pathway shapes cerebellar outputs for motor control. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1394-1406. [PMID: 37474638 PMCID: PMC10400430 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The brain generates predictive motor commands to control the spatiotemporal precision of high-velocity movements. Yet, how the brain organizes automated internal feedback to coordinate the kinematics of such fast movements is unclear. Here we unveil a unique nucleo-olivary loop in the cerebellum and its involvement in coordinating high-velocity movements. Activating the excitatory nucleo-olivary pathway induces well-timed internal feedback complex spike signals in Purkinje cells to shape cerebellar outputs. Anatomical tracing reveals extensive axonal collaterals from the excitatory nucleo-olivary neurons to downstream motor regions, supporting integration of motor output and internal feedback signals within the cerebellum. This pathway directly drives saccades and head movements with a converging direction, while curtailing their amplitude and velocity via the powerful internal feedback mechanism. Our finding challenges the long-standing dogma that the cerebellum inhibits the inferior olivary pathway and provides a new circuit mechanism for the cerebellar control of high-velocity movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Milen Angelov
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhao Feng
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Anan Li
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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19
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Kostka JK, Hanganu-Opatz IL. Olfactory-driven beta band entrainment of limbic circuitry during neonatal development. J Physiol 2023; 601:3605-3630. [PMID: 37434507 DOI: 10.1113/jp284401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive processing relies on the functional refinement of the limbic circuitry during the first two weeks of life. During this developmental period, when the auditory, somatosensory and visual systems are still largely immature, the sense of olfaction acts as 'door to the world', providing an important source of environmental inputs. However, it is unknown whether early olfactory processing shapes the activity in the limbic circuitry during neonatal development. Here, we address this question by combining simultaneous in vivo recordings from the olfactory bulb (OB), lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), hippocampus (HP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) with olfactory stimulation as well as opto- and chemogenetic manipulations of mitral/tufted cells in the OB of non-anaesthetized neonatal mice of both sexes. We show that the neonatal OB synchronizes the limbic circuity in the beta frequency range. Moreover, it drives neuronal and network activity in LEC, as well as subsequently, HP and PFC via long-range projections from mitral cells to HP-projecting LEC neurons. Thus, OB activity shapes the communication within limbic circuits during neonatal development. KEY POINTS: During early postnatal development, oscillatory activity in the olfactory bulb synchronizes the limbic circuit. Olfactory stimulation boosts firing and beta synchronization along the olfactory bulb-lateral entorhinal cortex-hippocampal-prefrontal pathway. Mitral cells drive neuronal and network activity in the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), as well as subsequently, the hippocampus (HP) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) via long-range projections from mitral cells to HP-projecting LEC neurons. Inhibition of vesicle release on LEC targeting mitral cell axons reveals direct involvement of LEC in the olfactory bulb-driven oscillatory entrainment of the limbic circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Kostka
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ileana L Hanganu-Opatz
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Douglass AM, Resch JM, Madara JC, Kucukdereli H, Yizhar O, Grama A, Yamagata M, Yang Z, Lowell BB. Neural basis for fasting activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Nature 2023; 620:154-162. [PMID: 37495689 PMCID: PMC11168300 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Fasting initiates a multitude of adaptations to allow survival. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and subsequent release of glucocorticoid hormones is a key response that mobilizes fuel stores to meet energy demands1-5. Despite the importance of the HPA axis response, the neural mechanisms that drive its activation during energy deficit are unknown. Here, we show that fasting-activated hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons trigger and are essential for fasting-induced HPA axis activation. AgRP neurons do so through projections to the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH), where, in a mechanism not previously described for AgRP neurons, they presynaptically inhibit the terminals of tonically active GABAergic afferents from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) that otherwise restrain activity of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)-expressing neurons. This disinhibition of PVHCrh neurons requires γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)/GABA-B receptor signalling and potently activates the HPA axis. Notably, stimulation of the HPA axis by AgRP neurons is independent of their induction of hunger, showing that these canonical 'hunger neurons' drive many distinctly different adaptations to the fasted state. Together, our findings identify the neural basis for fasting-induced HPA axis activation and uncover a unique means by which AgRP neurons activate downstream neurons: through presynaptic inhibition of GABAergic afferents. Given the potency of this disinhibition of tonically active BNST afferents, other activators of the HPA axis, such as psychological stress, may also work by reducing BNST inhibitory tone onto PVHCrh neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Douglass
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jon M Resch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joseph C Madara
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hakan Kucukdereli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Abhinav Grama
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Masahito Yamagata
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zongfang Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradford B Lowell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Wietek J, Nozownik A, Pulin M, Saraf-Sinik I, Matosevich N, Malan D, Brown BJ, Dine J, Levy R, Litvin A, Regev N, Subramaniam S, Bitton E, Benjamin A, Copits BA, Sasse P, Rost BR, Schmitz D, Soba P, Nir Y, Wiegert JS, Yizhar O. A bistable inhibitory OptoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.01.547328. [PMID: 37425961 PMCID: PMC10327178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.01.547328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly manipulating their function. Chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, acting through endogenous G-protein coupled receptor (GPCRs) pathways, can be used to modulate synaptic transmission, but existing tools are limited in sensitivity, spatiotemporal precision, or spectral multiplexing capabilities. Here we systematically evaluated multiple bistable opsins for optogenetic applications and found that the Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) is an efficient, versatile, light-activated bistable GPCR that can suppress synaptic transmission in mammalian neurons with high temporal precision in-vivo. PdCO has superior biophysical properties that enable spectral multiplexing with other optogenetic actuators and reporters. We demonstrate that PdCO can be used to conduct reversible loss-of-function experiments in long-range projections of behaving animals, thereby enabling detailed synapse-specific functional circuit mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wietek
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adrianna Nozownik
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Pulin
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol school of neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institut für Physiologie I, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bobbie J. Brown
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Present address: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; CNS Diseases, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Litvin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suraj Subramaniam
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Bitton
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaf Benjamin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan A. Copits
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institut für Physiologie I, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin R. Rost
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Soba
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuval Nir
- Sagol school of neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J. Simon Wiegert
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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22
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Zichó K, Sos KE, Papp P, Barth AM, Misák E, Orosz Á, Mayer MI, Sebestény RZ, Nyiri G. Fear memory recall involves hippocampal somatostatin interneurons. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002154. [PMID: 37289847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear-related memory traces are encoded by sparse populations of hippocampal principal neurons that are recruited based on their inhibitory-excitatory balance during memory formation. Later, the reactivation of the same principal neurons can recall the memory. The details of this mechanism are still unclear. Here, we investigated whether disinhibition could play a major role in this process. Using optogenetic behavioral experiments, we found that when fear was associated with the inhibition of mouse hippocampal somatostatin positive interneurons, the re-inhibition of the same interneurons could recall fear memory. Pontine nucleus incertus neurons selectively inhibit hippocampal somatostatin cells. We also found that when fear was associated with the activity of these incertus neurons or fibers, the reactivation of the same incertus neurons or fibers could also recall fear memory. These incertus neurons showed correlated activity with hippocampal principal neurons during memory recall and were strongly innervated by memory-related neocortical centers, from which the inputs could also control hippocampal disinhibition in vivo. Nonselective inhibition of these mouse hippocampal somatostatin or incertus neurons impaired memory recall. Our data suggest a novel disinhibition-based memory mechanism in the hippocampus that is supported by local somatostatin interneurons and their pontine brainstem inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Zichó
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin E Sos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Papp
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Albert M Barth
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Misák
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Áron Orosz
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton I Mayer
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Z Sebestény
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyiri
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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23
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Ahissar E, Nelinger G, Assa E, Karp O, Saraf-Sinik I. Thalamocortical loops as temporal demodulators across senses. Commun Biol 2023; 6:562. [PMID: 37237075 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory information is coded in space and in time. The organization of neuronal activity in space maintains straightforward relationships with the spatial organization of the perceived environment. In contrast, the temporal organization of neuronal activity is not trivially related to external features due to sensor motion. Still, the temporal organization shares similar principles across sensory modalities. Likewise, thalamocortical circuits exhibit common features across senses. Focusing on touch, vision, and audition, we review their shared coding principles and suggest that thalamocortical systems include circuits that allow analogous recoding mechanisms in all three senses. These thalamocortical circuits constitute oscillations-based phase-locked loops, that translate temporally-coded sensory information to rate-coded cortical signals, signals that can integrate information across sensory and motor modalities. The loop also allows predictive locking to the onset of future modulations of the sensory signal. The paper thus suggests a theoretical framework in which a common thalamocortical mechanism implements temporal demodulation across senses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Ahissar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Guy Nelinger
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Eldad Assa
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ofer Karp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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24
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Tsukamoto H, Kubo Y. A self-inactivating invertebrate opsin optically drives biased signaling toward Gβγ-dependent ion channel modulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301269120. [PMID: 37186850 PMCID: PMC10214182 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301269120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal opsins, light-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors, have been used for optogenetic tools to control G protein-dependent signaling pathways. Upon G protein activation, the Gα and Gβγ subunits drive different intracellular signaling pathways, leading to complex cellular responses. For some purposes, Gα- and Gβγ-dependent signaling needs to be separately modulated, but these responses are simultaneously evoked due to the 1:1 stoichiometry of Gα and Gβγ Nevertheless, we show temporal activation of G protein using a self-inactivating invertebrate opsin, Platynereis c-opsin1, drives biased signaling for Gβγ-dependent GIRK channel activation in a light-dependent manner by utilizing the kinetic difference between Gβγ-dependent and Gα-dependent responses. The opsin-induced transient Gi/o activation preferentially causes activation of the kinetically fast Gβγ-dependent GIRK channels rather than slower Gi/oα-dependent adenylyl cyclase inhibition. Although similar Gβγ-biased signaling properties were observed in a self-inactivating vertebrate visual pigment, Platynereis c-opsin1 requires fewer retinal molecules to evoke cellular responses. Furthermore, the Gβγ-biased signaling properties of Platynereis c-opsin1 are enhanced by genetically fusing with RGS8 protein, which accelerates G protein inactivation. The self-inactivating invertebrate opsin and its RGS8-fusion protein can function as optical control tools biased for Gβγ-dependent ion channel modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Tsukamoto
- Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe657-8501, Japan
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki444-8585, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubo
- Division of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Department of Molecular Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki444-8585, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama240-0193, Japan
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25
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Sun F, Shen H, Yang Q, Yuan Z, Chen Y, Guo W, Wang Y, Yang L, Bai Z, Liu Q, Jiang M, Lam JWY, Sun J, Ye R, Kwok RTK, Tang BZ. Dual Behavior Regulation: Tether-Free Deep-Brain Stimulation by Photothermal and Upconversion Hybrid Nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210018. [PMID: 36864009 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics has been plagued by invasive brain implants and thermal effects during photo-modulation. Here, two upconversion hybrid nanoparticles modified with photothermal agents, named PT-UCNP-B/G, which can modulate neuronal activities via photostimulation and thermo-stimulation under near-infrared laser irradiation at 980 nm and 808 nm, respectively, are demonstrated. PT-UCNP-B/G emits visible light (410-500 nm or 500-570 nm) through the upconversion process at 980 nm, while they exhibit efficient photothermal effect at 808 nm with no visible emission and tissue damage. Intriguingly, PT-UCNP-B significantly activates extracellular sodium currents in neuro2a cells expressing light-gated channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) ion channels under 980-nm irradiation, and inhibits potassium currents in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing the voltage-gated potassium channels (KCNQ1) under 808-nm irradiation in vitro. Furthermore, deep-brain bidirectional modulation of feeding behavior is achieved under tether-free 980 or 808-nm illumination (0.8 W cm-2 ) in mice stereotactically injected with PT-UCNP-B in the ChR2-expressing lateral hypothalamus region. Thus, PT-UCNP-B/G creates new possibility of utilizing both light and heat to modulate neural activities and provides a viable strategy to overcome the limits of optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hanchen Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qinghu Yang
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyue Yuan
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Zhantao Bai
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Life Science & Research Center for Natural Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
- Center of Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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26
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Hanai S, Nagata T, Katayama K, Inukai S, Koyanagi M, Inoue K, Terakita A, Kandori H. Difference FTIR Spectroscopy of Jumping Spider Rhodopsin-1 at 77 K. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1347-1359. [PMID: 37001008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Animal visual rhodopsins can be classified into monostable and bistable rhodopsins, which are typically found in vertebrates and invertebrates, respectively. The former example is bovine rhodopsin (BovRh), whose structures and functions have been extensively studied. On the other hand, those of bistable rhodopsins are less known, despite their importance in optogenetics. Here, low-temperature Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to jumping spider rhodopsin-1 (SpiRh1) at 77 K, and the obtained light-induced spectral changes were compared with those of squid rhodopsin (SquRh) and BovRh. Although chromophore distortion of the resting state monitored by HOOP vibrations is not distinctive between invertebrate and vertebrate rhodopsins, distortion of the all-trans chromophore after photoisomerization is unique for BovRh, and the distortion was localized at the center of the chromophore in SpiRh1 and SquRh. Highly conserved aspartate (D83 in BovRh) does not change the hydrogen-bonding environment in invertebrate rhodopsins. Thus, present FTIR analysis provides specific structural changes, leading to activation of invertebrate and vertebrate rhodopsins. On the other hand, the analysis of O-D stretching vibrations in D2O revealed unique features of protein-bound water molecules. Numbers of water bands in SpiRh1 and SquRh were less and more than those in BovRh. The X-ray crystal structure of SpiRh1 observed a bridged water molecule between the protonated Schiff base and its counterion (E194), but strongly hydrogen-bonded water molecules were never detected in SpiRh1, as well as SquRh and BovRh. Thus, absence of strongly hydrogen-bonded water molecules is substantial for animal rhodopsins, which is distinctive from microbial rhodopsins.
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27
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Griebel M, Segebarth D, Stein N, Schukraft N, Tovote P, Blum R, Flath CM. Deep learning-enabled segmentation of ambiguous bioimages with deepflash2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1679. [PMID: 36973256 PMCID: PMC10043282 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36960-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioimages frequently exhibit low signal-to-noise ratios due to experimental conditions, specimen characteristics, and imaging trade-offs. Reliable segmentation of such ambiguous images is difficult and laborious. Here we introduce deepflash2, a deep learning-enabled segmentation tool for bioimage analysis. The tool addresses typical challenges that may arise during the training, evaluation, and application of deep learning models on ambiguous data. The tool's training and evaluation pipeline uses multiple expert annotations and deep model ensembles to achieve accurate results. The application pipeline supports various use-cases for expert annotations and includes a quality assurance mechanism in the form of uncertainty measures. Benchmarked against other tools, deepflash2 offers both high predictive accuracy and efficient computational resource usage. The tool is built upon established deep learning libraries and enables sharing of trained model ensembles with the research community. deepflash2 aims to simplify the integration of deep learning into bioimage analysis projects while improving accuracy and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Griebel
- Department of Business and Economics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Dennis Segebarth
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Stein
- Department of Business and Economics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nina Schukraft
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philip Tovote
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph M Flath
- Department of Business and Economics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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28
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Labouesse MA, Torres-Herraez A, Chohan MO, Villarin J, Greenwald J, Sun X, Zahran M, Tang A, Lam S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Lacefield C, Bonaventura J, Michaelides M, Chan CS, Yizhar O, Kellendonk C. A non-canonical striatopallidal "Go" pathway that supports motor control. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2524816. [PMID: 36798372 PMCID: PMC9934763 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2524816/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In the classical model of the basal ganglia, direct pathway striatal projection neurons (dSPNs) send projections to the substantia nigra (SNr) and entopeduncular nucleus to regulate motor function. Recent studies have re-established that dSPNs also possess "bridging" collaterals within the globus pallidus (GPe), yet the significance of these collaterals for behavior is unknown. Here we use in vivo optical and chemogenetic tools combined with deep learning approaches to dissect the roles of bridging collaterals in motor function. We find that dSPNs projecting to the SNr send synchronous motor-related information to the GPe via axon collaterals. Inhibition of native activity in dSPN GPe terminals impairs motor activity and function via regulation of pallidostriatal Npas1 neurons. We propose a model by which dSPN GPe collaterals ("striatopallidal Go pathway") act in concert with the canonical terminals in the SNr to support motor control by inhibiting Npas1 signals going back to the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Labouesse
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current address: Department of Health, Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, and Zurich Neuroscience Center, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arturo Torres-Herraez
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Muhammad O. Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Joseph Villarin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Julia Greenwald
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Mysarah Zahran
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Clay Lacefield
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21205, USA
| | - C. Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Lead contact: Christoph Kellendonk
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29
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Li JY, Glickfeld LL. Input-specific synaptic depression shapes temporal integration in mouse visual cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526211. [PMID: 36778279 PMCID: PMC9915496 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient sensory processing requires the nervous system to adjust to ongoing features of the environment. In primary visual cortex (V1), neuronal activity strongly depends on recent stimulus history. Existing models can explain effects of prolonged stimulus presentation, but remain insufficient for explaining effects observed after shorter durations commonly encountered under natural conditions. We investigated the mechanisms driving adaptation in response to brief (100 ms) stimuli in L2/3 V1 neurons by performing in vivo whole-cell recordings to measure membrane potential and synaptic inputs. We find that rapid adaptation is generated by stimulus-specific suppression of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. Targeted optogenetic experiments reveal that these synaptic effects are due to input-specific short-term depression of transmission between layers 4 and 2/3. Thus, distinct mechanisms are engaged following brief and prolonged stimulus presentation and together enable flexible control of sensory encoding across a wide range of time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Lindsey L Glickfeld
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
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30
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Geng Y, Li Z, Zhu J, Du C, Yuan F, Cai X, Ali A, Yang J, Tang C, Cong Z, Ma C. Advances in Optogenetics Applications for Central Nervous System Injuries. J Neurotrauma 2023. [PMID: 36305381 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) often lead to severe neurological dysfunction and even death. However, there are still no effective measures to improve functional recovery following CNS injuries. Optogenetics, an ideal method to modulate neural activity, has shown various advantages in controlling neural circuits, promoting neural remapping, and improving cell survival. In particular, the emerging technique of optogenetics has exhibited promising therapeutic methods for CNS injuries. In this review, we introduce the light-sensitive proteins and light stimulation system that are important components of optogenetic technology in detail and summarize the development trends. In addition, we construct a comprehensive picture of the current application of optogenetics in CNS injuries and highlight recent advances for the treatment and functional recovery of neurological deficits. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic challenges and prospective uses of optogenetics therapy by photostimulation/photoinhibition modalities that would be suitable for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangming Cai
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Alleyar Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Cong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Li L, Durand-de Cuttoli R, Aubry AV, Burnett CJ, Cathomas F, Parise LF, Chan KL, Morel C, Yuan C, Shimo Y, Lin HY, Wang J, Russo SJ. Social trauma engages lateral septum circuitry to occlude social reward. Nature 2023; 613:696-703. [PMID: 36450985 PMCID: PMC9876792 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In humans, traumatic social experiences can contribute to psychiatric disorders1. It is suggested that social trauma impairs brain reward function such that social behaviour is no longer rewarding, leading to severe social avoidance2,3. In rodents, the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model has been used to understand the neurobiology underlying stress susceptibility versus resilience following social trauma, yet little is known regarding its impact on social reward4,5. Here we show that, following CSDS, a subset of male and female mice, termed susceptible (SUS), avoid social interaction with non-aggressive, same-sex juvenile C57BL/6J mice and do not develop context-dependent social reward following encounters with them. Non-social stressors have no effect on social reward in either sex. Next, using whole-brain Fos mapping, in vivo Ca2+ imaging and whole-cell recordings, we identified a population of stress/threat-responsive lateral septum neurotensin (NTLS) neurons that are activated by juvenile social interactions only in SUS mice, but not in resilient or unstressed control mice. Optogenetic or chemogenetic manipulation of NTLS neurons and their downstream connections modulates social interaction and social reward. Together, these data suggest that previously rewarding social targets are possibly perceived as social threats in SUS mice, resulting from hyperactive NTLS neurons that occlude social reward processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Romain Durand-de Cuttoli
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonio V Aubry
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Joseph Burnett
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lyonna F Parise
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carole Morel
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chongzhen Yuan
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yusuke Shimo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hsiao-Yun Lin
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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32
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Probing top-down information in neocortical layer 1. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:20-31. [PMID: 36428192 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Accurate perception of the environment is a constructive process that requires integration of external bottom-up sensory signals with internally generated top-down information. Decades of work have elucidated how sensory neocortex processes physical stimulus features. By contrast, examining how top-down information is encoded and integrated with bottom-up signals has been challenging using traditional neuroscience methods. Recent technological advances in functional imaging of brain-wide afferents in behaving mice have enabled the direct measurement of top-down information. Here, we review the emerging literature on encoding of these internally generated signals by different projection systems enriched in neocortical layer 1 during defined brain functions, including memory, attention, and predictive coding. Moreover, we identify gaps in current knowledge and highlight future directions for this rapidly advancing field.
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33
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Rapid and reversible optogenetic silencing of synaptic transmission by clustering of synaptic vesicles. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7827. [PMID: 36535932 PMCID: PMC9763335 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acutely silencing specific neurons informs about their functional roles in circuits and behavior. Existing optogenetic silencers include ion pumps, channels, metabotropic receptors, and tools that damage the neurotransmitter release machinery. While the former hyperpolarize the cell, alter ionic gradients or cellular biochemistry, the latter allow only slow recovery, requiring de novo synthesis. Thus, tools combining fast activation and reversibility are needed. Here, we use light-evoked homo-oligomerization of cryptochrome CRY2 to silence synaptic transmission, by clustering synaptic vesicles (SVs). We benchmark this tool, optoSynC, in Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, and murine hippocampal neurons. optoSynC clusters SVs, observable by electron microscopy. Locomotion silencing occurs with tauon ~7.2 s and recovers with tauoff ~6.5 min after light-off. optoSynC can inhibit exocytosis for several hours, at very low light intensities, does not affect ion currents, biochemistry or synaptic proteins, and may further allow manipulating different SV pools and the transfer of SVs between them.
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34
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Surdin T, Preissing B, Rohr L, Grömmke M, Böke H, Barcik M, Azimi Z, Jancke D, Herlitze S, Mark MD, Siveke I. Optogenetic activation of mGluR1 signaling in the cerebellum induces synaptic plasticity. iScience 2022; 26:105828. [PMID: 36632066 PMCID: PMC9826949 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal plasticity underlying cerebellar learning behavior is strongly associated with type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) signaling. Activation of mGluR1 leads to activation of the Gq/11 pathway, which is involved in inducing synaptic plasticity at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse (PF-PC) in form of long-term depression (LTD). To optogenetically modulate mGluR1 signaling we fused mouse melanopsin (OPN4) that activates the Gq/11 pathway to the C-termini of mGluR1 splice variants (OPN4-mGluR1a and OPN4-mGluR1b). Activation of both OPN4-mGluR1 variants showed robust Ca2+ increase in HEK cells and PCs of cerebellar slices. We provide the prove-of-concept approach to modulate synaptic plasticity via optogenetic activation of OPN4-mGluR1a inducing LTD at the PF-PC synapse in vitro. Moreover, we demonstrate that light activation of mGluR1a signaling pathway by OPN4-mGluR1a in PCs leads to an increase in intrinsic activity of PCs in vivo and improved cerebellum driven learning behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Surdin
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bianca Preissing
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennard Rohr
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michelle Grömmke
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hanna Böke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maike Barcik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Zohre Azimi
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Jancke
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Herlitze
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,Corresponding author
| | - Melanie D. Mark
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ida Siveke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany,Corresponding author
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35
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Vierock J, Peter E, Grimm C, Rozenberg A, Chen IW, Tillert L, Castro Scalise AG, Casini M, Augustin S, Tanese D, Forget BC, Peyronnet R, Schneider-Warme F, Emiliani V, Béjà O, Hegemann P. WiChR, a highly potassium-selective channelrhodopsin for low-light one- and two-photon inhibition of excitable cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd7729. [PMID: 36383037 PMCID: PMC9733931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electric excitability of muscle, heart, and brain tissue relies on the precise interplay of Na+- and K+-selective ion channels. The involved ion fluxes are controlled in optogenetic studies using light-gated channelrhodopsins (ChRs). While non-selective cation-conducting ChRs are well established for excitation, K+-selective ChRs (KCRs) for efficient inhibition have only recently come into reach. Here, we report the molecular analysis of recently discovered KCRs from the stramenopile Hyphochytrium catenoides and identification of a novel type of hydrophobic K+ selectivity filter. Next, we demonstrate that the KCR signature motif is conserved in related stramenopile ChRs. Among them, WiChR from Wobblia lunata features a so far unmatched preference for K+ over Na+, stable photocurrents under continuous illumination, and a prolonged open-state lifetime. Showing high expression levels in cardiac myocytes and neurons, WiChR allows single- and two-photon inhibition at low irradiance and reduced tissue heating. Therefore, we recommend WiChR as the long-awaited efficient and versatile optogenetic inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Vierock
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Peter
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Grimm
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Andrey Rozenberg
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I-Wen Chen
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Linda Tillert
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marilù Casini
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe and ITACA Institute (COR), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Augustin
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrii Tanese
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Benoît C. Forget
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Oded Béjà
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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36
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Girven KS, Mangieri L, Bruchas MR. Emerging approaches for decoding neuropeptide transmission. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:899-912. [PMID: 36257845 PMCID: PMC9671847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides produce robust effects on behavior across species, and recent research has benefited from advances in high-resolution techniques to investigate peptidergic transmission and expression throughout the brain in model systems. Neuropeptides exhibit distinct characteristics which includes their post-translational processing, release from dense core vesicles, and ability to activate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These complex properties have driven the need for development of specialized tools that can sense neuropeptide expression, cell activity, and release. Current research has focused on isolating when and how neuropeptide transmission occurs, as well as the conditions in which neuropeptides directly mediate physiological and adaptive behavioral states. Here we describe the current technological landscape in which the field is operating to decode key questions regarding these dynamic neuromodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey S Girven
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leandra Mangieri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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37
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High-performance optical control of GPCR signaling by bistable animal opsins MosOpn3 and LamPP in a molecular property-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204341119. [PMID: 36417444 PMCID: PMC9889881 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204341119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical control of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is a highly valuable approach for comprehensive understanding of GPCR-based physiologies and controlling them precisely. However, optogenetics for GPCR signaling is still developing and requires effective and versatile tools with performance evaluation from their molecular properties. Here, we systematically investigated performance of two bistable opsins that activate Gi/Go-type G protein (mosquito Opn3 (MosOpn3) and lamprey parapinopsin (LamPP)) in optical control in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans. Transgenic worms expressing MosOpn3, which binds 13-cis retinal to form photopigments, in nociceptor neurons showed light-induced avoidance responses in the presence of all-trans retinal, a retinal isomer ubiquitously present in every tissue, like microbial rhodopsins and unlike canonical vertebrate opsins. Remarkably, transgenic worms expressing MosOpn3 were ~7,000 times more sensitive to light than transgenic worms expressing ChR2 in this light-induced behavior, demonstrating the advantage of MosOpn3 as a light switch. LamPP is a UV-sensitive bistable opsin having complete photoregenerative ability by green light. Accordingly, transgenic worms expressing LamPP in cholinergic motor neurons stopped moving upon violet light illumination and restored coordinate movement upon green light illumination, demonstrating color-dependent control of behavior using LamPP. Furthermore, we applied molecular engineering to produce MosOpn3-based tools enabling light-dependent upregulation of cAMP or Ca2+ levels and LamPP-based tool enabling clamping cAMP levels color dependently and context independently, extending their usability. These findings define the capacity of two bistable opsins with similar retinal requirement as ChR2, providing numerous strategies for optical control of various GPCR-based physiologies as well as GPCR signaling itself.
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38
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Takahashi TM, Hirano A, Kanda T, Saito VM, Ashitomi H, Tanaka KZ, Yokoshiki Y, Masuda K, Yanagisawa M, Vogt KE, Tokuda T, Sakurai T. Optogenetic induction of hibernation-like state with modified human Opsin4 in mice. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100336. [PMID: 36452866 PMCID: PMC9701604 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We recently determined that the excitatory manipulation of Qrfp-expressing neurons in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (quiescence-inducing neurons [Q neurons]) induced a hibernation-like hypothermic/hypometabolic state (QIH) in mice. To control the QIH with a higher time resolution, we develop an optogenetic method using modified human opsin4 (OPN4; also known as melanopsin), a G protein-coupled-receptor-type blue-light photoreceptor. C-terminally truncated OPN4 (OPN4dC) stably and reproducibly induces QIH for at least 24 h by illumination with low-power light (3 μW, 473 nm laser) with high temporal resolution. The high sensitivity of OPN4dC allows us to transcranially stimulate Q neurons with blue-light-emitting diodes and non-invasively induce the QIH. OPN4dC-mediated QIH recapitulates the kinetics of the physiological changes observed in natural hibernation, revealing that Q neurons concurrently contribute to thermoregulation and cardiovascular function. This optogenetic method may facilitate identification of the neural mechanisms underlying long-term dormancy states such as sleep, daily torpor, and hibernation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru M. Takahashi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Arisa Hirano
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- JST PRESTO, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kanda
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Viviane M. Saito
- Memory Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ashitomi
- Memory Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Z. Tanaka
- Memory Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Yokoshiki
- Institute of Innovative Research (IIR), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosaku Masuda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kaspar E. Vogt
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Tokuda
- JST PRESTO, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Research (IIR), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakurai
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- International Integrative Institute for Sleep medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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39
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Fernandez-Ruiz A, Oliva A, Chang H. High-resolution optogenetics in space and time. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:854-864. [PMID: 36192264 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
To understand the neural mechanisms of behavior, it is necessary to both monitor and perturb the activity of ensembles of neurons with high specificity. While neural ensemble recordings have been available for decades, progress in high-resolution manipulation techniques has lagged behind. Optogenetics has enabled the manipulation of genetically defined cell types in behaving animals, and recent developments, including multipoint nanofabricated light sources, provide spatiotemporal resolution on a par with that of physiological recordings. Here we review current advances in optogenetic methods for cellular-resolution stimulation and intervention, as well as their integration with real-time neural recordings for closed-loop experimentation. We discuss how these approaches open the door to new kinds of experiments aimed at dissecting the role of specific neural patterns and discrete cellular populations in orchestrating the activity of brain circuits that support behavior and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azahara Oliva
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongyu Chang
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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40
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Emiliani V, Entcheva E, Hedrich R, Hegemann P, Konrad KR, Lüscher C, Mahn M, Pan ZH, Sims RR, Vierock J, Yizhar O. Optogenetics for light control of biological systems. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2022; 2:55. [PMID: 37933248 PMCID: PMC10627578 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-022-00136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic techniques have been developed to allow control over the activity of selected cells within a highly heterogeneous tissue, using a combination of genetic engineering and light. Optogenetics employs natural and engineered photoreceptors, mostly of microbial origin, to be genetically introduced into the cells of interest. As a result, cells that are naturally light-insensitive can be made photosensitive and addressable by illumination and precisely controllable in time and space. The selectivity of expression and subcellular targeting in the host is enabled by applying control elements such as promoters, enhancers and specific targeting sequences to the employed photoreceptor-encoding DNA. This powerful approach allows precise characterization and manipulation of cellular functions and has motivated the development of advanced optical methods for patterned photostimulation. Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience during the past 15 years and is primed to have a similar impact in other fields, including cardiology, cell biology and plant sciences. In this Primer, we describe the principles of optogenetics, review the most commonly used optogenetic tools, illumination approaches and scientific applications and discuss the possibilities and limitations associated with optogenetic manipulations across a wide variety of optical techniques, cells, circuits and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Emiliani
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Emilia Entcheva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai R. Konrad
- Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Lüscher
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinic of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Mahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhuo-Hua Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ruth R. Sims
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Johannes Vierock
- Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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41
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Ren C, Peng K, Yang R, Liu W, Liu C, Komiyama T. Global and subtype-specific modulation of cortical inhibitory neurons regulated by acetylcholine during motor learning. Neuron 2022; 110:2334-2350.e8. [PMID: 35584693 PMCID: PMC9308684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory neurons (INs) consist of distinct subtypes with unique functions. Previous studies on INs mainly focused on single brain regions, and thus it remains unclear whether the modulation of IN subtypes occurs globally across multiple regions. Here, we monitored the activity of different cortical IN subtypes at both macroscale and microscale in mice learning a lever-press task. Learning evoked a global modulation of IN subtypes throughout the cortex. The initial learning phase involved strong activation of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing INs (VIP-INs) and weak activation of somatostatin-expressing INs (SOM-INs). Inactivating VIP-INs increased SOM-IN activity and impaired initial learning. Concurrently, cortical cholinergic inputs from the basal forebrain were initially more active but became less engaged over learning. Manipulation of the cholinergic system impaired motor learning and differentially altered activity of IN subtypes. These results reveal that motor learning involves a global and subtype-specific modulation on cortical INs regulated by the cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kailong Peng
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ruize Yang
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Weikang Liu
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takaki Komiyama
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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42
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Abstract
Optogenetic actuators enable highly precise spatiotemporal interrogation of biological processes at levels ranging from the subcellular to cells, circuits and behaving organisms. Although their application in neuroscience has traditionally focused on the control of spiking activity at the somatodendritic level, the scope of optogenetic modulators for direct manipulation of presynaptic functions is growing. Presynaptically localized opsins combined with light stimulation at the terminals allow light-mediated neurotransmitter release, presynaptic inhibition, induction of synaptic plasticity and specific manipulation of individual components of the presynaptic machinery. Here, we describe presynaptic applications of optogenetic tools in the context of the unique cell biology of axonal terminals, discuss their potential shortcomings and outline future directions for this rapidly developing research area.
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43
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Rodriguez-Rozada S, Wietek J, Tenedini F, Sauter K, Dhiman N, Hegemann P, Soba P, Wiegert JS. Aion is a bistable anion-conducting channelrhodopsin that provides temporally extended and reversible neuronal silencing. Commun Biol 2022; 5:687. [PMID: 35810216 PMCID: PMC9271052 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Optogenetic silencing allows to reveal the necessity of selected neuronal populations for various neurophysiological functions. These range from synaptic transmission and coordinated neuronal network activity to control of specific behaviors. An ideal single-component optogenetic silencing tool should be switchable between active and inactive states with precise timing while preserving its activity in the absence of light until switched to an inactive state. Although bistable anion-conducting channelrhodopsins (ACRs) were previously engineered to reach this goal, their conducting state lifetime was limited to only a few minutes and some ACRs were not fully switchable. Here we report Aion, a bistable ACR displaying a long-lasting open state with a spontaneous closing time constant close to 15 min. Moreover, Aion can be switched between the open and closed state with millisecond precision using blue and orange light, respectively. The long conducting state enables overnight silencing of neurons with minimal light exposure. We further generated trafficking-optimized versions of Aion, which show enhanced membrane localization and allow precisely timed, long-lasting all-optical control of nociceptive responses in larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. Thus, Aion is an optogenetic silencing tool for inhibition of neuronal activity over many hours which can be switched between an active and inactive state with millisecond precision. Aion is an anion-conducting, bistable channelrhodopsin that enables long-term silencing of neuronal networks, as demonstrated in organotypic hippocampal cultures and Drosophila melanogaster larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodriguez-Rozada
- Research Group Synaptic Wiring and Information Processing, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Wietek
- Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt University Berlin, D-10115, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Federico Tenedini
- Research Group Neuronal Patterning and Connectivity, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Sauter
- Research Group Synaptic Wiring and Information Processing, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.,Research Group Neuronal Patterning and Connectivity, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Neena Dhiman
- LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt University Berlin, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Soba
- Research Group Neuronal Patterning and Connectivity, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.,LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Simon Wiegert
- Research Group Synaptic Wiring and Information Processing, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.
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44
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Dai R, Yu T, Weng D, Li H, Cui Y, Wu Z, Guo Q, Zou H, Wu W, Gao X, Qi Z, Ren Y, Wang S, Li Y, Luo M. A neuropsin-based optogenetic tool for precise control of G q signaling. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1271-1284. [PMID: 35579776 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gq-coupled receptors regulate numerous physiological processes by activating enzymes and inducing intracellular Ca2+ signals. There is a strong need for an optogenetic tool that enables powerful experimental control over Gq signaling. Here, we present chicken opsin 5 (cOpn5) as the long sought-after, single-component optogenetic tool that mediates ultra-sensitive optical control of intracellular Gq signaling with high temporal and spatial resolution. Expressing cOpn5 in HEK 293T cells and primary mouse astrocytes enables blue light-triggered, Gq-dependent Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and protein kinase C activation. Strong Ca2+ transients were evoked by brief light pulses of merely 10 ms duration and at 3 orders lower light intensity of that for common optogenetic tools. Photostimulation of cOpn5-expressing cells at the subcellular and single-cell levels generated fast intracellular Ca2+ transition, thus demonstrating the high spatial precision of cOpn5 optogenetics. The cOpn5-mediated optogenetics could also be applied to activate neurons and control animal behavior in a circuit-dependent manner. cOpn5 optogenetics may find broad applications in studying the mechanisms and functional relevance of Gq signaling in both non-excitable cells and excitable cells in all major organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Dai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Danwei Weng
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Heng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qingchun Guo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Haiyue Zou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xinwei Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhongyang Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuqi Ren
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Beijing, 102206, China.
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45
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de Grip WJ, Ganapathy S. Rhodopsins: An Excitingly Versatile Protein Species for Research, Development and Creative Engineering. Front Chem 2022; 10:879609. [PMID: 35815212 PMCID: PMC9257189 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.879609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a membrane protein, owing its photosensitivity to the presence of a covalently bound chromophoric group. This group, derived from vitamin A, was appropriately dubbed retinal. In the 1970s a microbial counterpart of this species was discovered in an archaeon, being a membrane protein also harbouring retinal as a chromophore, and named bacteriorhodopsin. Since their discovery a photogenic panorama unfolded, where up to date new members and subspecies with a variety of light-driven functionality have been added to this family. The animal branch, meanwhile categorized as type-2 rhodopsins, turned out to form a large subclass in the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and are essential to multiple elements of light-dependent animal sensory physiology. The microbial branch, the type-1 rhodopsins, largely function as light-driven ion pumps or channels, but also contain sensory-active and enzyme-sustaining subspecies. In this review we will follow the development of this exciting membrane protein panorama in a representative number of highlights and will present a prospect of their extraordinary future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem J. de Grip
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Organic Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Srividya Ganapathy
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
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46
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Structure-guided optimization of light-activated chimeric G-protein-coupled receptors. Structure 2022; 30:1075-1087.e4. [PMID: 35588733 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest human receptor family and involved in virtually every physiological process. One hallmark of their function is specific coupling to selected signaling pathways. The ability to tune this coupling would make development of receptors with new capabilities possible. Complexes of GPCRs and G-proteins have recently been resolved at high resolution, but this information was in only few cases harnessed for rational receptor engineering. Here, we demonstrate structure-guided optimization of light-activated OptoXRs. Our hypothesis was that incorporation of GPCR-Gα contacts would lead to improved coupling. We first evaluated structure-based alignments for chimeric receptor fusion. We then show in a light-activated β2AR that including Gα contacts increased signaling 7- to 20-fold compared with other designs. In turn, contact elimination diminished function. Finally, this platform allowed optimization of a further OptoXR and spectral tuning. Our work exemplifies structure-based OptoXR development for targeted cell and network manipulation.
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47
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Lovinger DM, Mateo Y, Johnson KA, Engi SA, Antonazzo M, Cheer JF. Local modulation by presynaptic receptors controls neuronal communication and behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:191-203. [PMID: 35228740 PMCID: PMC10709822 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system neurons communicate via fast synaptic transmission mediated by ligand-gated ion channel (LGIC) receptors and slower neuromodulation mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors influence many neuronal functions, including presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Presynaptic LGIC and GPCR activation by locally released neurotransmitters influences neuronal communication in ways that modify effects of somatic action potentials. Although much is known about presynaptic receptors and their mechanisms of action, less is known about when and where these receptor actions alter release, especially in vivo. This Review focuses on emerging evidence for important local presynaptic receptor actions and ideas for future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Yolanda Mateo
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kari A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheila A Engi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mario Antonazzo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph F Cheer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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48
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Paton JFR, Machado BH, Moraes DJA, Zoccal DB, Abdala AP, Smith JC, Antunes VR, Murphy D, Dutschmann M, Dhingra RR, McAllen R, Pickering AE, Wilson RJA, Day TA, Barioni NO, Allen AM, Menuet C, Donnelly J, Felippe I, St-John WM. Advancing respiratory-cardiovascular physiology with the working heart-brainstem preparation over 25 years. J Physiol 2022; 600:2049-2075. [PMID: 35294064 PMCID: PMC9322470 DOI: 10.1113/jp281953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty‐five years ago, a new physiological preparation called the working heart–brainstem preparation (WHBP) was introduced with the claim it would provide a new platform allowing studies not possible before in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, autonomic and respiratory research. Herein, we review some of the progress made with the WHBP, some advantages and disadvantages along with potential future applications, and provide photographs and technical drawings of all the customised equipment used for the preparation. Using mice or rats, the WHBP is an in situ experimental model that is perfused via an extracorporeal circuit benefitting from unprecedented surgical access, mechanical stability of the brain for whole cell recording and an uncompromised use of pharmacological agents akin to in vitro approaches. The preparation has revealed novel mechanistic insights into, for example, the generation of distinct respiratory rhythms, the neurogenesis of sympathetic activity, coupling between respiration and the heart and circulation, hypothalamic and spinal control mechanisms, and peripheral and central chemoreceptor mechanisms. Insights have been gleaned into diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and sleep apnoea. Findings from the in situ preparation have been ratified in conscious in vivo animals and when tested have translated to humans. We conclude by discussing potential future applications of the WHBP including two‐photon imaging of peripheral and central nervous systems and adoption of pharmacogenetic tools that will improve our understanding of physiological mechanisms and reveal novel mechanisms that may guide new treatment strategies for cardiorespiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian F R Paton
- Manaaki Manawa - The Centre for Heart Research, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Benedito H Machado
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Davi J A Moraes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel B Zoccal
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Abdala
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Smith
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vagner R Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Murphy
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mathias Dutschmann
- Florey institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Rishi R Dhingra
- Florey institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Robin McAllen
- Florey institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 30, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony E Pickering
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Richard J A Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trevor A Day
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole O Barioni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M Allen
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Clément Menuet
- Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, INMED UMR1249, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Joseph Donnelly
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Igor Felippe
- Manaaki Manawa - The Centre for Heart Research, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Walter M St-John
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth, New Hampshire, USA
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49
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Divergent brainstem opioidergic pathways that coordinate breathing with pain and emotions. Neuron 2022; 110:857-873.e9. [PMID: 34921781 PMCID: PMC8897232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Breathing can be heavily influenced by pain or internal emotional states, but the neural circuitry underlying this tight coordination is unknown. Here we report that Oprm1 (μ-opioid receptor)-expressing neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (PBL) are crucial for coordinating breathing with affective pain in mice. Individual PBLOprm1 neuronal activity synchronizes with breathing rhythm and responds to noxious stimuli. Manipulating PBLOprm1 activity directly changes breathing rate, affective pain perception, and anxiety. Furthermore, PBLOprm1 neurons constitute two distinct subpopulations in a "core-shell" configuration that divergently projects to the forebrain and hindbrain. Through non-overlapping projections to the central amygdala and pre-Bötzinger complex, these two subpopulations differentially regulate breathing, affective pain, and negative emotions. Moreover, these subsets form recurrent excitatory networks through reciprocal glutamatergic projections. Together, our data define the divergent parabrachial opioidergic circuits as a common neural substrate that coordinates breathing with various sensations and behaviors such as pain and emotional processing.
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Wolff SBE, Ko R, Ölveczky BP. Distinct roles for motor cortical and thalamic inputs to striatum during motor skill learning and execution. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk0231. [PMID: 35213216 PMCID: PMC8880788 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition and execution of motor skills are mediated by a distributed motor network, spanning cortical and subcortical brain areas. The sensorimotor striatum is an important cog in this network, yet the roles of its two main inputs, from motor cortex and thalamus, remain largely unknown. To address this, we silenced the inputs in rats trained on a task that results in highly stereotyped and idiosyncratic movement patterns. While striatal-projecting motor cortex neurons were critical for learning these skills, silencing this pathway after learning had no effect on performance. In contrast, silencing striatal-projecting thalamus neurons disrupted the execution of the learned skills, causing rats to revert to species-typical pressing behaviors and preventing them from relearning the task. These results show distinct roles for motor cortex and thalamus in the learning and execution of motor skills and suggest that their interaction in the striatum underlies experience-dependent changes in subcortical motor circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond Ko
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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