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Zhao Z, Deng J, Fan D. Green biomanufacturing in recombinant collagen biosynthesis: trends and selection in various expression systems. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5439-5461. [PMID: 37401335 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00724c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Collagen, classically derived from animal tissue, is an all-important protein material widely used in biomedical materials, cosmetics, fodder, food, etc. The production of recombinant collagen through different biological expression systems using bioengineering techniques has attracted significant interest in consideration of increasing market demand and the process complexity of extraction. Green biomanufacturing of recombinant collagen has become one of the focus topics. While the bioproduction of recombinant collagens (type I, II, III, etc.) has been commercialized in recent years, the biosynthesis of recombinant collagen is extremely challenging due to protein immunogenicity, yield, degradation, and other issues. The rapid development of synthetic biology allows us to perform a heterologous expression of proteins in diverse expression systems, thus optimizing the production and bioactivities of recombinant collagen. This review describes the research progress in the bioproduction of recombinant collagen over the past two decades, focusing on different expression systems (prokaryotic organisms, yeasts, plants, insects, mammalian and human cells, etc.). We also discuss the challenges and future trends in developing market-competitive recombinant collagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Characterization of highly gelatinous patatin storage protein from Pichia pastoris. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111925. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Fang J, Ma Z, Liu D, Wang Z, Cheng S, Zheng S, Wu H, Xia P, Chen X, Yang R, Hao L, Zhang Y. Co-expression of recombinant human collagen α1(III) chain with viral prolyl 4-hydroxylase in Pichia pastoris GS115. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 201:106184. [PMID: 36191842 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
The Collagen α1(Ш) chain (COL3A1) is an important structural protein on the surface of human skin. The activity of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H) is crucial to maintaining the stable triple-helix structure and function of human COL3A1. To obtain hydroxylated human COL3A1, virus-derived P4H A085R was co-expressed with human COL3A1 in Pichia pastoris GS115. Colony PCR analysis and sequencing after transfection confirmed that the target gene was successfully inserted. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) indicated that human COL3A1 and P4H A085R were expressed at mRNA levels in the clones. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis of supernatant from the recombinant methylotrophic yeast culture showed that recombinant human COL3A1 (rhCOL3A1) was secreted into the culture medium with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 130 kDa. It was observed that the amount of secreted rhCOL3A1 was highest at 120 h after induction. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that rhCOL3A1 was successfully expressed in P. pastoris. The His-tagged rhCOL3A1 protein was purified by Ni-affinity column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Ze Ma
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Dongyue Liu
- Jilin Province Guoda Biological Engineering Co. LTD, 3999 Air Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Shuqin Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Peijun Xia
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
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4
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Williams KE, Olsen DR. Gelatin expression from an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae CUP1 promoter in Pichia pastoris. Yeast 2021; 38:382-387. [PMID: 33580598 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (reclassified as Komagataella phaffii) is a versatile protein expression system, yet many commonly used promoters have attributes undesirable for fermentation or its optimization. Hence, the copper-inducible CUP1 gene promoter from the related yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to express human gelatin. Multimerization of a potential copper response element in the CUP1 promoter, a S. cerevisiae Ace1p binding site, significantly increased gelatin expression. Expression was induced by copper in a dose-dependent fashion and was not dependent on cell density. Gelatin was additionally induced in standard copper-containing fermentation basal salts media. Removal of a S. cerevisiae heat shock factor (Hsf1p) binding site reduced copper-dependent gelatin induction suggesting that a similar protein may regulate this promoter in P. pastoris. This engineered copper inducible promoter expands the yeast recombinant protein production tool kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Williams
- Collagen and Gelatin Molecular Biology, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David R Olsen
- Collagen and Gelatin Molecular Biology, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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Cheng Y, Li Y, Huang S, Yu F, Bei Y, Zhang Y, Tang J, Huang Y, Xiang Q. Hybrid Freeze-Dried Dressings Composed of Epidermal Growth Factor and Recombinant Human-Like Collagen Enhance Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:742. [PMID: 32760705 PMCID: PMC7375021 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is important for promoting skin repair and remodeling. Native collagen is also widely used as a scaffold for skin tissue engineering. The limitations of EGF include easy decomposition or inactivation, whereas native collagen is immunogenic and has poor solubility. Therefore, we constructed a freeze-dried dressing based on the recombinant human-like collagen (RHC) to act as a carrier for EGF (RHC/EGF freeze-dried dressing) and promote skin wound closure. Here, the freeze-dried dressing that combined EGF and RHC significantly enhanced the proliferation, adhesion, and spreading of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts and migration of HaCaT keratinocytes at the wound site. The physicochemical characteristics of the RHC/EGF freeze-dried dressing investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry revealed that it was a loose and porous cake that redissolved quickly. The molecular mechanisms involved in cell proliferation and angiogenesis were also assessed. The expression levels of the markers Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cluster of differentiation 31 were significantly increased after treatment with the RHC/EGF freeze-dried dressing (P < 0.01, vs. RHC or EGF alone). This increase indicated that the RHC/EGF freeze-dried dressing significantly accelerated wound closure, re-epithelialization, and the orderly arrangement and deposition of collagen in the Sprague–Dawley rats with full-thickness skin defects. This work describes a significant step toward the development of wound environments conducive to healing, and the RHC/EGF freeze-dried dressing is a potential therapeutic strategy in wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Cheng
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Huang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Yu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Bei
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Tang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biopharmaceutical R&D Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biopharmaceutical R&D Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Peng CA, Kozubowski L, Marcotte WR. Advances in Plant-Derived Scaffold Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:122. [PMID: 32161608 PMCID: PMC7052361 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold proteins form critical biomatrices that support cell adhesion and proliferation for regenerative medicine and drug screening. The increasing demand for such applications urges solutions for cost effective and sustainable supplies of hypoallergenic and biocompatible scaffold proteins. Here, we summarize recent efforts in obtaining plant-derived biosynthetic spider silk analogue and the extracellular matrix protein, collagen. Both proteins are composed of a large number of tandem block repeats, which makes production in bacterial hosts challenging. Furthermore, post-translational modification of collagen is essential for its function which requires co-transformation of multiple copies of human prolyl 4-hydroxylase. We discuss our perspectives on how the GAANTRY system could potentially assist the production of native-sized spider dragline silk proteins and prolyl hydroxylated collagen. The potential of recombinant scaffold proteins in drug delivery and drug discovery is also addressed.
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7
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Kumru OS, Saleh-Birdjandi S, Antunez LR, Sayeed E, Robinson D, van den Worm S, Diemer GS, Perez W, Caposio P, Früh K, Joshi SB, Volkin DB. Stabilization and formulation of a recombinant Human Cytomegalovirus vector for use as a candidate HIV-1 vaccine. Vaccine 2019; 37:6696-6706. [PMID: 31548012 PMCID: PMC6863464 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Live attenuated viral vaccine/vector candidates are inherently unstable and infectivity titer losses can readily occur without defining appropriate formulations, storage conditions and clinical handling practices. During initial process development of a candidate vaccine against HIV-1 using a recombinant Human Cytomegalovirus vector (rHCMV-1), large vector titer losses were observed after storage at 4 °C and after undergoing freeze-thaw. Thus, the goal of this work was to develop candidate frozen liquid formulations of rHCMV-1 with improved freeze-thaw and short-term liquid stability for potential use in early clinical trials. To this end, a virus stability screening protocol was developed including use of a rapid, in vitro cell-based immunofluorescence focus assay to quantitate viral titers. A library of ∼50 pharmaceutical excipients (from various known classes of additives) were evaluated for their effect on vector stability after freeze-thaw cycling or incubation at 4 °C for several days. Certain additives including sugars and polymers (e.g., trehalose, sucrose, sorbitol, hydrolyzed gelatin, dextran 40) as well as removal of NaCl (lower ionic strength) protected rHCMV-1 against freeze-thaw mediated losses in viral titers. Optimized solution conditions (e.g., solution pH, buffers and sugar type) slowed the rate of rHCMV-1 titer losses in the liquid state at 4 °C. After evaluating various excipient combinations, three new candidate formulations were designed and rHCMV-1 stability was benchmarked against both the currently-used and a previously reported formulation. The new candidate formulations were significantly more stable in terms of reducing rHCMV-1 titer losses after 5 freeze-thaw cycles or incubation at 4 °C for 30 days. This case study highlights the utility of semi-empirical design of frozen liquid formulations of a live viral vaccine candidate, where protection against infectivity titer losses due to freeze-thaw and short-term liquid storage are sufficient to enable more rapid initiation of early clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan S Kumru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Soraia Saleh-Birdjandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Lorena R Antunez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Eddy Sayeed
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, 125 Broad Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10004, USA
| | | | - Sjoerd van den Worm
- Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Diemer
- Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Wilma Perez
- Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Patrizia Caposio
- Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Klaus Früh
- Oregon Health & Science University, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, 505 NW185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
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8
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Werten MWT, Eggink G, Cohen Stuart MA, de Wolf FA. Production of protein-based polymers in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:642-666. [PMID: 30902728 PMCID: PMC6624476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Materials science and genetic engineering have joined forces over the last three decades in the development of so-called protein-based polymers. These are proteins, typically with repetitive amino acid sequences, that have such physical properties that they can be used as functional materials. Well-known natural examples are collagen, silk, and elastin, but also artificial sequences have been devised. These proteins can be produced in a suitable host via recombinant DNA technology, and it is this inherent control over monomer sequence and molecular size that renders this class of polymers of particular interest to the fields of nanomaterials and biomedical research. Traditionally, Escherichia coli has been the main workhorse for the production of these polymers, but the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is finding increased use in view of the often high yields and potential bioprocessing benefits. We here provide an overview of protein-based polymers produced in P. pastoris. We summarize their physicochemical properties, briefly note possible applications, and detail their biosynthesis. Some challenges that may be faced when using P. pastoris for polymer production are identified: (i) low yields and poor process control in shake flask cultures; i.e., the need for bioreactors, (ii) proteolytic degradation, and (iii) self-assembly in vivo. Strategies to overcome these challenges are discussed, which we anticipate will be of interest also to readers involved in protein expression in P. pastoris in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit Eggink
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands; Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A Cohen Stuart
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Shimanuki N, Nagai K. Effects of substituents on water vapor sorption in liquid–water‐soluble polysaccharides. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niina Shimanuki
- Department of Applied ChemistryMeiji University Higashi‐mita, Tama‐ku, Kawasaki 214‐8571 Japan
| | - Kazukiyo Nagai
- Department of Applied ChemistryMeiji University Higashi‐mita, Tama‐ku, Kawasaki 214‐8571 Japan
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10
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Qiu Y, Poppleton E, Mekkat A, Yu H, Banerjee S, Wiley SE, Dixon JE, Kaplan DL, Lin YS, Brodsky B. Enzymatic Phosphorylation of Ser in a Type I Collagen Peptide. Biophys J 2018; 115:2327-2335. [PMID: 30527445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoproteomics studies have reported phosphorylation at multiple sites within collagen, raising the possibility that these post-translational modifications regulate the physical or biological properties of collagen. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations and experimental studies were carried out on model peptides to establish foundational principles of phosphorylation of Ser residues in collagen. A (Gly-Xaa-Yaa)11 peptide was designed to include a Ser-containing sequence from type I collagen that was reported to be phosphorylated. The physiological kinase involved in collagen phosphorylation is not known. In vitro studies showed that a model kinase ERK1 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1) would phosphorylate Ser within the consensus sequence if the collagen-like peptide is in the denatured state but not in the triple-helical state. The peptide was not a substrate for FAM20C, a kinase present in the secretory pathway, which has been shown to phosphorylate many extracellular matrix proteins. The unfolded single chain (Gly-Xaa-Yaa)11 peptide containing phosphoSer was able to refold to form a stable triple helix but at a reduced folding rate and with a small decrease in thermal stability relative to the nonphosphorylated peptide at neutral pH. These biophysical studies on model peptides provide a basis for investigations into the physiological consequences of collagen phosphorylation and the application of phosphorylation to regulate the properties of collagen biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Erik Poppleton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Arya Mekkat
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Hongtao Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sandra E Wiley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jack E Dixon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.
| | - Yu-Shan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara Brodsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.
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Abstract
There is a great deal of interest in obtaining recombinant collagen as an alternative source of material for biomedical applications and as an approach for obtaining basic structural and biological information. However, application of recombinant technology to collagen presents challenges, most notably the need for post-translational hydroxylation of prolines for triple-helix stability. Full length recombinant human collagens have been successfully expressed in cell lines, yeast, and several plant systems, while collagen fragments have been expressed in E. coli. In addition, bacterial collagen-like proteins can be expressed in high yields in E. coli and easily manipulated to incorporate biologically active sequences from human collagens. These expression systems allow manipulation of biologically active sequences within collagen, which has furthered our understanding of the relationships between collagen sequences, structure and function. Here, recombinant studies on collagen interactions with cell receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, and matrix metalloproteinases are reviewed, and discussed in terms of their potential biomaterial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brodsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
| | - John A M Ramshaw
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3169, Australia
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12
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Piccinini AM, Zuliani-Alvarez L, Lim JMP, Midwood KS. Distinct microenvironmental cues stimulate divergent TLR4-mediated signaling pathways in macrophages. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra86. [PMID: 27577261 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit a phenotypic plasticity that enables them to orchestrate specific immune responses to distinct threats. The microbial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C are released during bacterial infection and tissue injury, respectively, and both activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We found that these two TLR4 ligands stimulated distinct signaling pathways in macrophages, resulting in cells with divergent phenotypes. Although macrophages activated by LPS or tenascin-C displayed some common features, including activation of nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and cytokine synthesis, each ligand stimulated the production of different subsets of cytokines and generated different phosphoproteomic signatures. Moreover, tenascin-C promoted the generation of macrophages that exhibited increased synthesis and phosphorylation of extracellular matrix components, whereas LPS stimulated the production of macrophages that exhibited an enhanced capacity to degrade the matrix. These data reveal how the activation of one pattern recognition receptor by different microenvironmental cues generates macrophage with distinct phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Piccinini
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, U.K
| | - Lorena Zuliani-Alvarez
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, U.K
| | - Jenny M P Lim
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, U.K
| | - Kim S Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, U.K.
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13
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Setina CM, Haase JP, Glatz CE. Process integration for recovery of recombinant collagen type I α1 from corn seed. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 32:98-107. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles E. Glatz
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; 2114 Sweeney Hall Ames IA 50011
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14
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Wet-spinnability and crosslinked fibre properties of two collagen polypeptides with varied molecular weight. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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A new strategy for secretory expression and mixed fermentation of recombinant human collagen α1 (III) chain in Pichia pastoris. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Yang X, Zhu L, Tada S, Zhou D, Kitajima T, Isoshima T, Yoshida Y, Nakamura M, Yan W, Ito Y. Mussel-inspired human gelatin nanocoating for creating biologically adhesive surfaces. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2753-65. [PMID: 24920909 PMCID: PMC4045085 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s60624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human gelatin was conjugated with dopamine using carbodiimide as a surface modifier. This dopamine-coupled human gelatin (D-rhG) was characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. D-rhG-coated surface properties were analyzed by physicochemical methods. Additionally, cell attachment and growth on the modified surfaces was assessed using human umbilical endothelial cells. Binding of gelatin onto titanium was significantly enhanced by dopamine conjugation. The thickness of the D-rhG coating depended on the treatment pH; thicker layers were formed at higher pH values, with a maximum thickness of 30 nm. D-rhG enhanced the binding of collagen-binding vascular endothelial growth factor and cell adhesion as compared with gelatin alone, even at the same surface concentration. The D-rhG surface modifier enhanced substrate binding by creating an adhesive nanointerface that increased specific protein binding and cell attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan ; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seiichi Tada
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Di Zhou
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama
| | | | | | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan ; Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido
| | - Mariko Nakamura
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan ; Dental Hygiene Program, Kibi International College, Okayama, Japan
| | - Weiqun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan ; Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama
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Kadengodlu PA, Hebishima T, Takeshima SN, Ito M, Liu M, Abe H, Aida Y, Aigaki T, Ito Y. Positively charged cholesterol-recombinant human gelatins foster the cellular uptake of proteins and murine immune reactions. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5437-50. [PMID: 23091385 PMCID: PMC3471541 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s36350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recombinant human gelatins with defined molecular weights were modified with cholesterol to make them amphiphilic in nature. We investigated the feasibility of these modified human gelatins acting as a carrier of antigenic proteins for inducing cellular immunity. The aim of this study was to synthesize novel and effective compounds for vaccine delivery in vivo. Methods Two types of cholesterol-modified gelatin micelles, anionic cholesterol-modified gelatin (aCMG) and cationic-cholesterol modified gelatin (cCMG), were synthesized using different cholesterol derivatives such as the cholesterol-isocyanate (Ch-I) for aCMG and amino-modified cholesterol for cCMG. One was anionic and the other cationic, and therefore they differed in terms of their zeta potential. The aCMG and cCMG were characterized for their size, zeta potential, and in their ability to form micelles. Cytotoxicity was also evaluated. The modified human gelatins were then investigated as a carrier of antigenic proteins for inducing cellular immunity both in vitro in DC 2.4 cells, a murine dendritic cell line, as well as in vivo. The mechanism of entry of the polymeric micelles into the cells was also evaluated. Results It was found that only cCMG successfully complexed with the model antigenic protein, fluorescein-isothiocyanate ovalbumin (OVA) and efficiently delivered and processed proteins in DC 2.4 cells. It was hypothesized that cCMG enter the cells predominantly by a caveolae-mediated pathway that required tyrosine kinase receptors on the cell surface. Animal testing using mice showed that the cationic cholesterol-modified gelatin complexed with OVA produced significantly high antibody titers against OVA: 2580-fold higher than in mice immunized with free OVA. Conclusion Conclusively, cCMG has shown to be very effective in stimulating an immune response due to its high efficiency, stability, and negligible cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi A Kadengodlu
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Advance Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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18
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Duan H, Umar S, Xiong R, Chen J. New strategy for expression of recombinant hydroxylated human-derived gelatin in Pichia pastoris KM71. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7127-7134. [PMID: 21604758 DOI: 10.1021/jf200778r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin is a well-known biopolymer, and it has a long history of use mainly as a gelling agent in the food industry. This paper reports a new method for producing recombinant hydroxylated human-derived gelatin in Pichia pastoris KM71. Three independent expression cassettes encoding for specific length of gelatin, prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H, EC 1.14.11.2), α-subunit (αP4H), and protein-disulfide isomerase (PDI) were individually cloned in one expression vector, pPIC9K. The modified gelatin gene and two subunit genes of P4H were under the control of two different inducible promoters, namely, alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (PAOX1) and formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 promoter (PFLD1), respectively. The results of sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis show that a recombinant gelatin was successfully expressed in P. pastoris KM71 by methanol induction. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicates that the expressed gelatin was hydroxylated with approximately 66.7% of proline residues in the Y positions of Gly-X-Y triplets. The results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of recombinant gelatin test show that the (1)H and (13)C spectra have many corresponding characteristic displacement peaks, and amino acids composition analysis shows that it contains hydroxyproline and its UV absorption is consistent with the characteristics of gelatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Duan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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19
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Kitajima T, Obuse S, Adachi T, Tomita M, Ito Y. Recombinant human gelatin substitute with photoreactive properties for cell culture and tissue engineering. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:2468-76. [PMID: 21538336 DOI: 10.1002/bit.23192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The human recombinant collagen I α1 chain monomer (rh-gelatin) was modified by the incorporation of an azidophenyl group to prepare photoreactive human gelatin (Az-rh-gelatin), with approximately 90% of the lysine residues conjugated with azidobenzoic acid. Slight changes in conformation (circular dichroism spectra) and thermal properties (gelation and melting points) were noticed after modification. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation could immobilize the Az-rh-gelatin on polymer surfaces, such as polystyrene and polytetrafluoroethylene. Az-rh-gelatin was stably retained on the polymer surfaces, while unmodified gelatin was mostly lost by brief washing. Human mesenchymal cells grew more efficiently on the immobilized surface than on the coated surface. The immobilized Az-rh-gelatin on the polymer surfaces was able to capture engineered growth factors with collagen affinity, and the bound growth factors stimulated the growth of cells dose-dependently. It was also possible to immobilize Az-rh-gelatin in micropatterns (stripe, grid, and so on) using photomasks, and the cells grew according to the patterns. These results suggest that the photoreactive human gelatin, in combination with collagen-binding growth factors, will be clinically useful for surface modification of synthetic materials for cell culture systems and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kitajima
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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20
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Teles H, Vermonden T, Eggink G, Hennink W, de Wolf F. Hydrogels of collagen-inspired telechelic triblock copolymers for the sustained release of proteins. J Control Release 2010; 147:298-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Zhang C, Baez J, Pappu KM, Glatz CE. Purification and characterization of a transgenic corn grain-derived recombinant collagen type I alpha 1. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 25:1660-8. [PMID: 19637392 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Corn offers advantages as a transgenic host for producing recombinant proteins required at large volumes (1,000's of tons per year) and low cost (less than US$50/kg) by generating them as co-products of biorefining. We describe the purification and characterization of a corn grain-derived mammalian structural protein having such market characteristics: a full length recombinant collagen type I alpha 1 (rCI alpha 1) chain. Material properties of interest are gelation behavior, which would depend on as yet unverified ability of corn to carry out post-translational prolyl hydroxylation and formation of triple helical conformation. The starting material was grain where the expression of rCI alpha 1 had been directed by an embryo-specific promoter. Purification consisted of extraction at low pH followed by membrane and chromatographic steps to isolate rCI alpha 1 for characterization. The amino acid composition and immunoreactivity of CI alpha 1 was similar to that of an analogous native human CI alpha 1 and to rCI alpha 1 produced by the yeast Pichia pastoris. Tandem mass spectrometry confirmed the primary sequence of the corn-derived rCI alpha 1 with 46% coverage. Fragments of the rCI alpha 1 chains were also observed, possibly caused by endogenous plant proteases. The corn-derived rCI alpha 1 had a low level of prolyl hydroxylation (approximately 1% versus 11%) relative to animal-derived CI alpha 1 and folded into its characteristic triple-helical structure as indicated by its resistance to pepsin digestion below its melting temperature of 26(o)C. The 29 amino acid foldon fused to the C-terminus to initiate triple helix formation was not cleaved from the rCI alpha 1 chains, but could be removed by pepsin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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22
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Huang YS, Wen XF, Wu YL, Wang YF, Fan M, Yang ZY, Liu W, Zhou LF. Engineering a pharmacologically superior form of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor by fusion with gelatin-like-protein polymer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 74:435-41. [PMID: 19995603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The plasma half-life of therapeutic proteins is a critical factor in many clinical applications. Therefore, new strategies to prolong plasma half-life of long-acting peptides and protein drugs are in high demand. Here, we designed an artificial gelatin-like protein (GLK) and fused this hydrophilic GLK polymer to granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to generate a chimeric GLK/G-CSF fusion protein. The genetically engineered recombinant GLK/G-CSF (rGLK/G-CSF) fusion protein was purified from Pichia pastoris. In vitro studies demonstrated that rGLK/G-CSF possessed an enlarged hydrodynamic radius, improved thermal stability and retained full bioactivity compared to unfused G-CSF. Following a single subcutaneous administration to rats, the rGLK/G-CSF fusion protein displayed a slower plasma clearance rate and stimulated greater and longer lasting increases in circulating white blood cells than G-CSF. Our findings indicate that fusion with this artificial, hydrophilic, GLK polymer provides many advantages in the construction of a potent hematopoietic factor with extended plasma half-life. This approach could be easily applied to other therapeutic proteins and have important clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Shan Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Eskelin K, Ritala A, Suntio T, Blumer S, Holkeri H, Wahlström EH, Baez J, Mäkinen K, Maria NA. Production of a recombinant full-length collagen type I alpha-1 and of a 45-kDa collagen type I alpha-1 fragment in barley seeds. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2009; 7:657-672. [PMID: 19656332 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant DNA technology can be used to design and express collagen and gelatin-related proteins with predetermined composition and structure. Barley seed was chosen as a production host for a recombinant full-length collagen type I alpha1 (rCIa1) and a related 45-kDa rCIa1 fragment. The transgenic barley seeds were shown to accumulate both the rCIa1 and the 45-kDa rCIa1 fragment. Even when the amount of the rCIa1 was just above the detection threshold, this work using rCIa1 as a model demonstrated for the first time that barley seed can be used as a production system for collagen-related structural proteins. The 45-kDa rCI1a fragment expression, targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum, was controlled by three different promoters (a constitutive maize ubiquitin, seed endosperm-specific rice glutelin and germination-specific barley alpha-amylase fusion) to compare their effects on rCIa1 accumulation. Highest accumulation of the 45-kDa rCIa1 was obtained with the glutelin promoter (140 mg/kg seed), whereas the lowest accumulation was obtained with the alpha-amylase promoter. To induce homozygosity for stable 45-kDa rCIa1 production in the transgenic lines, doubled haploid (DH) progeny was generated through microspore culture. The 45-kDa rCIa1 expression levels achieved from the best DH lines were 13 mg/kg dry seeds under the ubiquitin promoter and 45 mg/kg dry seeds under the glutelin promoter. Mass spectroscopy and amino acid composition analysis of the purified 45-kDa rCIa1 fragment revealed that a small percent of prolines were hydroxylated with no additional detectable post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Eskelin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology and Department of Applied Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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24
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Werten MWT, Teles H, Moers APHA, Wolbert EJH, Sprakel J, Eggink G, de Wolf FA. Precision Gels from Collagen-Inspired Triblock Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1106-13. [DOI: 10.1021/bm801299u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc W. T. Werten
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Helena Teles
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine P. H. A. Moers
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emil J. H. Wolbert
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Eggink
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A. de Wolf
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, NL-6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Bioprocess Engineering, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bomenweg 2, NL-6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Zhang C, Baez J, Glatz CE. Purification and characterization of a 44-kDa recombinant collagen I alpha 1 fragment from corn grain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:880-887. [PMID: 19140684 DOI: 10.1021/jf8026205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates that a fibrous, repetitive amino acid sequence collagen-related protein, a 44-kDa fragment of human collagen I alpha 1 (CIalpha1), was expressed in corn grain molecularly equivalent to that produced in recombinant yeast. The recombinant CIalpha1 was extracted and purified from early generation plants having low levels of recombinant protein accumulation. It was selectively extracted at low pH and purified by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography, resulting in a 44-kDa CIalpha1 with >70% purity and 60% recovery. The N-terminal sequence, amino acid composition, and immunoreactivity closely matched those of an analogous 44-kDa CIalpha1 fragment produced by the yeast Pichia . The corn-derived 44-kDa CIalpha1 had an intact protein mass of 44088 Da, which is within 0.2% of the mass calculated from the expected sequence. Tandem mass spectrometry confirmed the primary sequence with 78% coverage. The amino acid composition analysis indicated a low level of prolyl hydroxylation. Glycoprotein staining revealed no glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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26
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Williams KE, Jiang J, Ju J, Olsen DR. Novel strategies for increased copy number and expression of recombinant human gelatin in Pichia pastoris with two antibiotic markers. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Production of a recombinant industrial protein using barley cell cultures. Protein Expr Purif 2008; 59:274-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2008.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Aggarwal S, Brennen WN, Kole TP, Schneider E, Topaloglu O, Yates M, Cotter RJ, Denmeade SR. Fibroblast activation protein peptide substrates identified from human collagen I derived gelatin cleavage sites. Biochemistry 2007; 47:1076-86. [PMID: 18095711 DOI: 10.1021/bi701921b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A highly consistent trait of tumor stromal fibroblasts is the induction of the membrane-bound serine protease fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP), which is overexpressed on the surface of reactive stromal fibroblasts present within the stroma of the majority of human epithelial tumors. In contrast, FAP is not expressed by tumor epithelial cells or by fibroblasts or other cell types in normal tissues. The proteolytic activity of FAP, therefore, represents a potential pan-tumor target that can be exploited for the release of potent cytotoxins from inactive prodrugs consisting of an FAP peptide substrate coupled to a cytotoxin. To identify FAP peptide substrates, we used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy based sequencing to generate a complete map of the FAP cleavage sites within human collagen I derived gelatin. Positional analysis of the frequency of each amino acid at each position within the cleavage sites revealed FAP consensus sequences PPGP and (D/E)-(R/K)-G-(E/D)-(T/S)-G-P. These studies further demonstrated that ranking cleavage sites based on the magnitude of the LC/MS/MS extracted ion current predicted FAP substrates that were cleaved with highest efficiency. Fluorescence-quenched peptides were synthesized on the basis of the cleavage sites with the highest ion current rankings, and kinetic parameters for FAP hydrolysis were determined. The substrate DRGETGP, which corresponded to the consensus sequence, had the lowest Km of 21 microM. Overall the Km values were relatively similar for both high and low ranked substrates, whereas the kcat values differed by up to 100-fold. On the basis of these results, the FAP consensus sequences are currently being evaluated as FAP-selective peptide carriers for incorporation into FAP-activated prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Aggarwal
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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29
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Thyagarajapuram N, Olsen D, Middaugh CR. The structure, stability, and complex behavior of recombinant human gelatins. J Pharm Sci 2007; 96:3363-78. [PMID: 17518362 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin prepared from animal sources is widely used as a stabilizer in vaccine formulations. The disadvantages associated with their use such as heterogeneity and allerginicity, have led to the development of recombinant human gelatins (rhGs) as a substitute. This study focuses on characterizing the structure and monitoring the physical stability of four molecular weights ( approximately 8.5, 25, 50, and 100 kDa) of rhGs as a function of temperature and pH. The information supplied should be useful in predicting the behavior of rhGs under formulation conditions. A number of spectroscopic techniques were employed in this study. Experimental results indicated that the solution properties of all four rhGs were unpredictable with micro-aggregation observed at various pH values. The 8.5 kDa rhG was found to be in a micro-aggregated state at pH 5 while the 25 kDa rhG was found to be more aggregated at pHs 5, 7, and 8. The properties of these aggregates have been analyzed as a function of temperature. The rhGs were also found to complex with the polyanion heparin through electrostatic and nonelectrostatic interactions. The stability of these complexes has been studied as a function of temperature and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Thyagarajapuram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA
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30
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Thyagarajapuram N, Olsen D, Middaugh CR. Stabilization of proteins by recombinant human gelatins. J Pharm Sci 2007; 96:3304-15. [PMID: 17542020 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Porcine gelatins have been widely used as stabilizers of macromolecular based pharmaceuticals but the mechanism by which they stabilize has not been precisely established. Their variability and immunogenicity, however, make them less than ideal excipients. In this work, we take advantage of the availability of recombinant human gelatins (rhGs) to explore the mechanism by which they may stabilize proteins. Three model recombinant proteins, human serum albumin (HSA), bovine granulocyte colony stimulating factor (bGCSF), and human fibroblast growth factor-20 (FGF-20) that display a range of isoionic points have been selected for this study. The interaction of these model proteins with four different molecular weight rhGs and porcine gelatin was studied using a variety of biophysical techniques including fluorescence, CD and second derivative UV spectroscopy to monitor tertiary and secondary structure as a function of temperature. The 8.5, 25, and 100 kDa rhGs had the greatest effect on conformational and colloidal stability of HSA. The 8.5, 25, and 50 kDa rhGs also increased the T(0) of aggregation of bGCSF and FGF-20. Experiments to probe the mechanism of interaction of model proteins with rhGs suggest that the rhGs might interact with the partially unfolded states of target proteins through a combination of electrostatic and other intermolecular mechanisms to inhibit aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Thyagarajapuram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA
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31
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Liska V, Bigert SA, Bennett PS, Olsen D, Chang R, Burke CJ. Evaluation of a recombinant human gelatin as a substitute for a hydrolyzed porcine gelatin in a refrigerator-stable Oka/Merck live varicella vaccine. JOURNAL OF IMMUNE BASED THERAPIES AND VACCINES 2007; 5:4. [PMID: 17319952 PMCID: PMC1808055 DOI: 10.1186/1476-8518-5-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The labile nature of live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus (Oka/Merck) requires robust stabilization during virus bulk preparation and vaccine manufacturing in order to preserve potency through storage and administration. One stabilizing ingredient used in a varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccine is hydrolyzed porcine gelatin which represents the major protein/peptide-based excipient in the vaccine formulation. Methods In this comparative study, a recombinant human gelatin fragment (8.5 kD) was assessed as a potential replacement for hydrolyzed porcine gelatin in an experimental live, attenuated VZV (Oka/Merck) vaccine. VZV (Oka/Merck) was harvested in two formulations prepared with either a hydrolyzed porcine gelatin or a recombinant human gelatin. Moreover, the viral stability in the experimental VZV (Oka/Merck) vaccines was evaluated under accelerated and real-time conditions in a comparative study. Results and discussion The stabilizing effect of recombinant human gelatin on VZV (Oka/Merck) potency change during vaccine lyophilization was similar to the experimental vaccine containing porcine-derived gelatin. Vaccine viral potency changes were comparable in stabilized VZV (Oka/Merck) formulations containing either hydrolyzed porcine gelatin or recombinant human gelatin. No statistically significant difference in potency stability was observed between the vaccine formulations stored at any of the temperatures tested. Conclusion The recombinant human gelatin demonstrated similar ability to stabilize the live attenuated VZV (Oka/Merck) in an experimental, refrigerator-stable varicella vaccine when compared to the vaccine preparation formulated with hydrolyzed porcine gelatin used in currently marketed varicella vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Liska
- Vaccine Clinical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 1000, UG3CD28, North Wales, PA 19454, USA
| | - Stacey A Bigert
- Biologics and Vaccines, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Philip S Bennett
- NonClinical Statistics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - David Olsen
- FibroGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Robert Chang
- FibroGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Carl J Burke
- Biologics and Vaccines, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
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Pakkanen O, Pirskanen A, Myllyharju J. Selective expression of nonsecreted triple-helical and secreted single-chain recombinant collagen fragments in the yeast Pichia pastoris. J Biotechnol 2006; 123:248-56. [PMID: 16388866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Revised: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High-level recombinant expression systems for the production of stable triple-helical human collagens and collagen fragments have been developed in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Collagen fragments are secreted as single-chain polypeptides by the yeast alpha-mating factor pre-pro sequence, but secretion of full-length triple-helical procollagen molecules has not been achieved despite the use of the same secretory signal. We studied here the effects of the secretory signal and the conformation and size of the collagen polypeptide on its secretion in P. pastoris. Unlike the collagen signal sequence, the alpha-mating factor pre-pro sequence led to efficient secretion of single-chain 45 and 9 kDa type I collagen fragments. The efficiency was dependent on the length of the collagen polypeptide, as secretion of single-chain full-length 90 kDa alpha1(I) polypeptides was less efficient than that of the 45 kDa fragment. Furthermore, the conformation of the collagen polypeptides had a marked effect on secretion, as induction of trimerization of the 45 and 9 kDa fragments by either the C propeptide or the small trimerizing domain foldon led to an accumulation of triple-helical molecules inside the cells despite the presence of the alpha-mating factor pre-pro sequence. Our results show that P. pastoris is a suitable host for the development of tailored expression systems aimed at selective production of nonsecreted triple-helical and secreted single-chain collagen fragments of varying lengths for specific purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Pakkanen
- Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 5000, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
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Báez J, Olsen D, Polarek JW. Recombinant microbial systems for the production of human collagen and gelatin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 69:245-52. [PMID: 16240115 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2005] [Revised: 08/12/2005] [Accepted: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of genetically engineered microorganisms is a cost-effective, scalable technology for the production of recombinant human collagen (rhC) and recombinant gelatin (rG). This review will discuss the use of yeast (Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hansenula polymorpha) and of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus brevis) genetically engineered for the production of rhC and rG. P. pastoris is the preferred production system for rhC and rG. Recombinant strains of P. pastoris accumulate properly hydroxylated triple helical rhC intracellularly at levels up to 1.5 g/l. Coexpression of recombinant collagen with recombinant prolyl hydroxylase results in the synthesis of hydroxylated collagen with thermal stability similar to native collagens. The purified hydroxylated rhC forms fibrils that are structurally similar to fibrils assembled from native collagen. These qualities make rhC attractive for use in many medical applications. P. pastoris can also be engineered to secrete high levels (3 to 14 g/l ) of collagen fragments with defined length, composition, and physiochemical properties that serve as substitutes for animal-derived gelatins. The replacement of animal-derived collagen and gelatin with rhC and rG will result in products with improved safety, traceability, reproducibility, and quality. In addition, the rhC and rG can be engineered to improve the performance of products containing these biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Báez
- FibroGen, Inc., 225 Gateway Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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