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Du H, Yang K, Yang J, Wan J, Pan Y, Song W, Xu S, Chen C, Li J. Euphorbia humifusa Willd. ex Schltdl. Mitigates Liver Injury via KEAP1-NFE2L2-Mediated Ferroptosis Regulation: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Vet Sci 2025; 12:350. [PMID: 40284852 PMCID: PMC12030869 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2025] [Revised: 03/31/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Liver injury poses major health risks in livestock, necessitating effective therapeutic interventions. This study elucidates the hepatoprotective mechanisms of Euphorbia humifusa Willd. ex Schltdl. (EHW) by integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Using a CCl4-induced liver injury model mimicking veterinary clinical scenarios, EHW markedly alleviated hepatic damage, demonstrated by reduced liver index, serum ALT and AST levels, histopathological lesions, iron accumulation, inflammatory cytokines, and ferroptosis-associated gene expression. Network pharmacology identified EHW's core bioactive components (quercetin, kaempferol, and β-sitosterol) and critical targets (IL-6, STAT3, HIF-1α, PTGS2, NFE2L2, and KEAP1) which were linked to ferroptosis and oxidative stress. Molecular docking revealed robust binding affinities between these compounds and ferroptosis-related proteins. In vivo validation confirmed that EHW inhibited KEAP1, activated NFE2L2-mediated antioxidant defenses (upregulating SOD1 and NQO1), restored iron homeostasis (lowering TFR1, elevating FTH1), and attenuated phospholipid peroxidation by suppressing ACSL4 and ALOX12. These results indicate that EHW mitigates ferroptosis-driven liver injury via KEAP1-NFE2L2 signaling to restore iron homeostasis and reduce oxidative stress, offering a mechanistic foundation for its clinical application in veterinary hepatoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Kunzhao Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Junjie Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Weijie Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
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Musa I, Rotaru-Zavaleanu AD, Sfredel V, Aldea M, Gresita A, Glavan DG. Post-Stroke Recovery: A Review of Hydrogel-Based Phytochemical Delivery Systems. Gels 2025; 11:260. [PMID: 40277696 PMCID: PMC12027092 DOI: 10.3390/gels11040260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/26/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for novel and innovative therapeutic strategies to enhance neuroprotection, support regeneration, and improve functional recovery. Previous research has shown that phytochemicals such as curcumin, tannic acid, gallic acid, ginsenosides, resveratrol, and isorhamnetin display extensive neuroprotective properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. These natural compounds could also promote neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and the preservation of the blood-brain barrier. Despite their promising bioactivities, clinical application is often limited by poor solubility, bioavailability, and suboptimal pharmacokinetics. Hydrogels offer a promising solution by encapsulating and controlling the gradual release of these phytochemicals directly at the site of injury. Recent advancements in hydrogel formulations, constructed from biopolymers and functionalized using nanotechnological approaches, could significantly improve the solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of phytochemicals. Controlled release profiles from pH-sensitive and environment-responsive hydrogels could ensure that the compounds' therapeutic effects are optimally timed with individual and critical stages of post-stroke repair. Moreover, hydrogel scaffolds with tailored material properties and biocompatibility can create a favorable microenvironment, reducing secondary inflammation, enhancing tissue regeneration, and potentially improving functional and cognitive outcomes following stroke. This review explores the potential of integrating phytochemicals within hydrogel-based delivery systems specifically designed for post-stroke recovery. The design and synthesis of biocompatible, biodegradable hydrogels functionalized especially with phytochemicals and their applications are also discussed. Lastly, we emphasize the need for additional robust and translatable preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Musa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.M.); (D.G.G.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandra Daniela Rotaru-Zavaleanu
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.R.-Z.); (A.G.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2–4 Petru Rares Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Veronica Sfredel
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.R.-Z.); (A.G.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2–4 Petru Rares Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Madalina Aldea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.M.); (D.G.G.)
| | - Andrei Gresita
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.R.-Z.); (A.G.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2–4 Petru Rares Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Gabriela Glavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.M.); (D.G.G.)
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Li X, Li S, Li N. Research Progress on Natural Products Alleviating Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis via NF-κB Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2025; 22:e202402248. [PMID: 39576739 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202402248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a key pathological process in chronic liver diseases, regulated by various cytokines and signaling pathways. Among these, the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a significant role in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Recently, natural products have garnered attention as potential anti-fibrotic agents. This review highlights recent studies on how natural products, including flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, phenols, alkaloids, quinones, phenylpropanoids, steroids, and nitrogen compounds, mitigate liver fibrosis by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Specifically, it examines how these natural products influence NF-κB activation, nuclear translocation, and downstream signaling, thereby inhibiting inflammatory responses, reducing apoptosis, and regulating hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activity, ultimately achieving therapeutic effects against liver fibrosis. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which natural products regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway can provide crucial theoretical foundations and valuable insights for the development of novel anti-fibrotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Saifei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhai Y, Chen K, Xu Z, Chen X, Tong J, He Y, Chen C, Ding M, Liang G, Zheng X. Harmine alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting CSF3-mediated MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Respir Res 2025; 26:119. [PMID: 40156005 PMCID: PMC11954213 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-025-03196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening inflammatory lung disease that lacks safe and effective treatment strategies. Harmine, an alkaloid derived from Peganum harmala L plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. However, the protective effect of harmine against ALI and its underlying mechanism remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of harmine against ALI. METHODS The therapeutic effects of harmine were assessed in LPS-induced ALI mice. Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung tissues were routinely analyzed to evaluated disease severity. The anti-inflammatory mechanism was elucidated in LPS-simulated RAW264.7 cells using a series assays, including RNA-seq, gene silencing, immunofluorescence, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and bioinformatic analysis. The biological safety of harmine was determined both in vitro and in vivo through cytotoxicity test, long-term cell proliferation test, acute toxicity test in mice, and assessments of liver and kidney function and structural changes. RESULTS The results showed that harmine inhibited the expression and secretion of LPS-induced inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs, resulting in alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes and injury in mice. Mechanically, the findings revealed that harmine does not disrupt the TLR4-MD2 interaction but instead attenuates inflammation by suppressing CSF3 transcription and expression, leading to the inhibition of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway activation induced by LPS stimulation. Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that harmine administration does not exhibit obvious cytotoxicity or long-term cell proliferation inhibition, nor does it cause functional or organic lesions the liver and kidney in mice, or other acute toxic effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings elucidated that the anti-inflammatory activity of harmine was achieved through the CSF3-mediated inactivation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that harmine could serve as a promising therapeutic drug for ALI and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kejie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zichuang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaying Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yeying He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyue Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meiqing Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Li J, Yang X, Lian X, Li B, Ma Q, Yang L, Gao G, Deng Y, Yang Z. Licorice attenuates cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2025; 16:1557125. [PMID: 40183095 PMCID: PMC11965583 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1557125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP), a widely used antineoplastic drug, could induce hepatotoxicity and is also one of the most common reasons for drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Licorice (Chinese name GanCao, GC) is a commonly used herbal drug in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been shown to treat liver diseases and DILI. CP has been documented to induce apoptosis through the promotion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, the exact role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of CP-induced hepatotoxicity remains unclear. A rat DILI model was constructed through intraperitoneal injection of CP, and the anti-DILI effect of GC was detected by liver coefficients, liver function tests, pathological staining, and oxidative stress indices. Additionally, the ER stress and apoptosis indices were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence (IF) on CP-induced toxicity in rat liver tissues and LO2 cells. In the model group, liver function indicators significantly elevated, liver lesions more pronounced, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the liver increased, the expression of ER stress markers, apoptosis factors, and indicators related to the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP homologous protein (PERK/ATF4/CHOP) pathway significantly elevated. Treatment of the CP-induced toxicity in the rat model with GC significantly improved liver function, reduced liver lesions, decreased liver ROS. In addition, GC significantly inhibited the expression of ER stress markers, apoptosis factors, and indicators related to PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway, demonstrating the anti-CP-induced hepatotoxicity effect of GC. In this study, we verified the protective effect of GC in CP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and clarified its mechanisms related to ER stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaolong Lian
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Baojian Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Quhuan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangmiao Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yi Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Su Y, Zeng Y, Zhou M, Liao M, Qin P, Wu R, Han J, Liang X, Wang Z, Jiang J, Yu Z, Huang X, Ding K, Guo P, He Y, Du Y, Duan T, Yuan H, Ge Y, Chen A, Xiao W. Natural Polyphenol-Mediated Inhibition of Ferroptosis Alleviates Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in Acute Liver Injury. Biomater Res 2025; 29:0167. [PMID: 40103575 PMCID: PMC11913781 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose has long been recognized as the main cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, leading to ferroptosis and inflammatory responses. There is an urgent need for liver-protective agents to combat ferroptosis, modulate oxidative stress, and ameliorate inflammation. Catechin, a well-known polyphenol compound, has been shown to have antioxidant potential. However, its protective role on APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) has not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the modulating effects of catechin on AILI and observed that catechin attenuated liver injury by reducing inflammation. Mechanistically, catechin alleviated hepatic oxidative stress by inhibiting ROS accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and GSH depletion. Furthermore, catechin, as a hepatic injury reparative agent, could counteract APAP-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis by activating the xCT/GPX4 pathway, and is expected to be a novel natural inhibitor of ferroptosis. Additionally, the transcriptomic results indicated that the inhibition of Stat1 by catechin is important for the management of AILI. Inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) expression, achieved through the use of the STAT1 inhibitor fludarabine in vivo and small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro, was confirmed to attenuate APAP-induced ferroptosis. In conclusion, the present study identified a novel natural drug inhibitor of ferroptosis and revealed its mechanism of action to inhibit ferroptosis, regulate oxidative stress, and ameliorate inflammation in AILI. This further provides new insights into the novel natural ferroptosis inhibitors for the treatment of ROS-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjing Su
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunong Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minjie Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Meihui Liao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rong Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiaochan Han
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ze Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhichao Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xintao Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaixin Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Peiheng Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510665, China
| | - Ying Du
- Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou 510765, China
| | - Tingting Duan
- Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou 510765, China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuewei Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ali Chen
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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7
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Gu Z, Deng M, Luo Q, Lin S, Yu J, Li C, Wang X, Chen L, Liu T, Li Y, He B. Harnessing HDAC-targeted oleanolic acid derivatives for combined anti-cancer and hepatoprotective effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 297:139761. [PMID: 39800013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2024] [Revised: 01/03/2025] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/15/2025]
Abstract
The development of anti-tumor drugs with hepatoprotective properties has always been highly valued due to their dual capabilities of safeguarding the liver and combating tumors. Moreover, when used in conjunction with specific chemotherapy drugs, they can enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment while simultaneously reducing liver damage caused by chemotherapeutic agents. Our research focused on oleanolic acid (OA), a natural compound known for its liver-protective effects. By incorporating an HDAC-targeting pharmacophore at the 28-COOH site of OA, we aimed to identify compounds that offer dual benefits of liver protection and anti-tumor activity. Compound 2c demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on the growth of RS4;11, K562, and RPMI8226 cells, showed cytotoxicity against HepG2 liver cancer cells, and exhibited favorable selectivity towards normal liver cells. Moreover, compound 2c induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and arrested cell cycle progression at the G2 phase. Further investigations revealed that compound 2c could alleviate cisplatin-induced liver cell damage and animal liver injury by activating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway. In a HepG2 xenograft model, intravenous administration of compound 2c effectively suppressed tumor growth without eliciting adverse reactions, while enhanced NRF2 and HO-1 expression was observed in the liver tissues of mice treated with compound 2c. Besides, co-administration of cisplatin with compound 2c could significantly enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of cisplatin but minimize liver injury caused by the treatment of cisplatin. Our study provides a lead compound possessing hepatoprotective and antitumor activity, offering a novel strategy to avoid pharmacological liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Mingzhenglong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qinggen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Junhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Cunjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
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8
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Yuan Y, Zhang J, Li H, Yuan F, Cui Q, Wu D, Yuan H, Piao G. Scopoletin alleviates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Nrf2/HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2025; 148:114132. [PMID: 39870009 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 01/19/2025] [Indexed: 01/29/2025]
Abstract
Scopoleitin (SP), a bioactive compound from many edible plants and fruits, exerts a wide range of biological activities, however the role and mechanism of SP in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we verified the protective effect of SP on APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) hepatotoxicity and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we showed that SP alleviated AILI by reducing serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, hepatic histopathological damage, inflammation, and liver cell apoptosis. In addition, SP attenuated the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and exhaustion of glutathione (GSH) levels and increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels induced by APAP. Consistently, SP significantly reduced the gene transcription of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2E1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A11 in the livers of mice induced by APAP. Moreover, SP pretreatment effectively promoted the expression of Nrf2, Keap1, and its signal downstream HO-1, NQO1, GCLc, and GCLm, suggesting the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. SP inhibited APAP-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by regulating the protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins (cytochrome C, Bax, Caspase-3, Bcl2, and PARP). SP suppressed APAP-induced expression of NLRP3 and reduced the levels of proinflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), F4/80, Caspase-1, and interleukin (IL)-1 beta (IL-1β). Moreover, SP downregulated APAP-induced high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, inhibited nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and MAPK activation. Taken together, our study reveals the protective roles of SP against AILI through the downregulation of NLRP3 expression, and the inhibition of the Nrf2/HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Jianxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Fengxia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Qinglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Haidan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
| | - Guangchun Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
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Yang Q, He WH, Xie L, Chen T, Liu RF, Hu JJ, Guo JY, Tan GZ, Wu FL, Gu P, Chen P, Chen Y. Oral administration of astilbin mitigates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice by modulating the gut microbiota. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2025; 46:416-429. [PMID: 39313515 PMCID: PMC11747501 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced acute liver injury (ALI) is characterized by extensive oxidative stress, and the clinical interventions for this adverse effect remain limited. Astilbin is an active compound found in the rhizome of Smilax glabra Roxb. with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Due to its low oral bioavailability, astilbin can accumulate in the intestine, which provides a basis for the interaction between astilbin and gut microbiota (GM). In the present study we investigated the protective effects of astilbin against APAP-induced ALI by focusing on the interaction between astilbin and GM. Mice were treated with astilbin (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for 7 days. After the last administration of astilbin for 2 h, the mice received APAP (300 mg/kg, i.g.) to induce ALI. We showed that oral administration of astilbin significantly alleviated APAP-induced ALI by altering the composition of GM and enriching beneficial metabolites including hydroxytyrosol (HT). GM depletion using an "antibiotics cocktail" or paraoral administration of astilbin abolished the hepatoprotective effects of astilbin. On the other hand, administration of HT (10 mg/kg, i.g.) caused similar protective effects in APAP-induced ALI mice. Transcriptomic analysis of the liver tissue revealed that HT inhibited reactive oxygen species and inflammation-related signaling in APAP-induced ALI; HT promoted activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway to combat oxidative stress following APAP challenge in a sirtuin-6-dependent manner. These results highlight that oral astilbin ameliorates APAP-induced ALI by manipulating the GM and metabolites towards a more favorable profile, and provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for alleviating APAP-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528244, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Hao He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ruo-Fan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Jia Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Yin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guo-Zhu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528244, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Fu-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528244, China.
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Li J, Lian X, Li B, Ma Q, Yang L, Gao G, Yin T, Fu X, Deng Y, Yang Z, Yang X. Pharmacodynamic material basis of licorice and mechanisms of modulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in cisplatin-induced liver injury based on LC-MS and network pharmacology analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 340:119293. [PMID: 39736346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/01/2025]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cisplatin (CP), a widely used antineoplastic agent, is a leading cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to its hepatotoxic effects. Licorice (GC), an established remedy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown promise in addressing liver diseases and DILI. Nonetheless, the specific active components and underlying mechanisms of GC in mitigating CP-induced liver injury remain inadequately investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study examined the active components and efficacy of GC in addressing CP-induced hepatotoxicity, focusing on its mechanisms related to bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Utilizing a CP-induced rat liver injury model, this study evaluated changes in liver coefficient, liver function indices, and pathological morphology while assessing the efficacy of GC for both prevention and treatment of CP-induced liver injury. Subsequently, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS qualitatively analyzed GC's blood-entering components, elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis. Network pharmacology analysis identified potential pathways and targets of GC's blood components in relation to CP-induced liver injury. Furthermore, metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to clarify the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of GC in modulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota, offering insights into its preventive and therapeutic roles. RESULTS The pharmacodynamic results revealed that GC significantly reduced liver function biomarkers and improved pathological changes in liver tissue. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis identified 16 blood-entering components as potential pharmacodynamic agents of GC for preventing and treating CP-induced liver injury. Network pharmacology analysis suggested a link between GC's efficacy and the bile acid metabolic pathway. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis, immunoblotting, and 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that GC regulated bile acid metabolites in both liver and feces, enhanced FXR and BSEP expressions in the liver, and decreased CYP27A1 expression. Additionally, GC mitigated CP-induced intestinal dysbiosis by altering the abundance of gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS performed a qualitative analysis of 16 blood-entering components linked to GC, providing a basis for further exploration of the pharmacodynamic material underpinning GC. The protective role of GC in CP-induced liver injury appears connected to enhanced bile acid metabolism and restoration of gut microbiota balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaolong Lian
- Medical Faculty of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Baojian Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Quhuan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guangmiao Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tingmei Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yi Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Zhijun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Huang J, Li J, Geng Z, Yin L, Niu M, Li Q, Liu X, Cheng X, Zhang X, Song X, Wang Y, Wang L, Zuo L, Hu J. Cynaroside ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis by inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2025; 15:1496068. [PMID: 39902073 PMCID: PMC11788346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1496068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) exhibit excessive apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which contributes to damage to the intestinal barrier structure and function, thereby playing a role in the progression of colitis. Preventing IEC apoptosis and protecting the intestinal barrier are critical to alleviating colitis. Natural plant monomers have been reported to possess multiple pharmacological properties, particularly with the potential to treat CD. This study focuses on Cynaroside (Cyn) to explore its effect on IEC apoptosis and evaluate its pharmacological impact on the intestinal barrier and colitis. Methods The 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced CD-like colitis mice model was employed in this study. We assessed the therapeutic effect of Cyn on CD-like colitis by evaluating the disease activity index (DAI), body weight changes, intestinal tissue pathological damage, and inflammatory factor levels. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the expression and localization of tight junction (TJ) proteins, allowing us to analyze the intestinal barrier structure. The function of the intestinal barrier was examined using FITC-dextran (FD4), TEER values, and bacterial translocation. Network pharmacology enrichment analysis revealed that Cyn could inhibit cell apoptosis. We also explored the effect and underlying mechanism of Cyn in inhibiting IEC apoptosis on intestinal barrier function and colitis using both the TNF-α-induced colonic organoid model and the TNBS-induced mouse model. Results Our findings show that Cyn significantly alleviates TNBS-induced colitis symptoms in mice, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss, colon shortening, DAI score, colon histopathology score, and lower levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) compared to the model group. Additionally, the Cyn intervention group showed significant improvements in both the intestinal barrier structure (elevated tight junction protein levels and proper localization) and function (reduced serum FD4 levels, increased intestinal TEER, and decreased bacterial translocation rates in mesenteric lymph nodes [MLNs] and livers). Combining network pharmacology prediction analysis with our validation data from animal models and colonic organoids, we demonstrated that Cyn significantly inhibits IEC apoptosis, as indicated by a decrease in the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells and changes in apoptosis-related protein levels. KEGG enrichment analysis and signaling pathway intervention experiments confirmed that Cyn inhibits the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Conclusion Cyn inhibits IEC apoptosis by blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which is the primary mechanism underlying its protective effects on the intestinal barrier and its ability to improve CD-like colitis. This study also supports the potential of the Chinese medicine monomer Cyn as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhijun Geng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lixia Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Minzhu Niu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third the People’s Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xinke Cheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xue Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lugen Zuo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jianguo Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Inflammation-Related Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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Yang Y, Chen Q, Liu Z, Huang T, Hong Y, Li N, Ai K, Huang Q. Novel reduced heteropolyacid nanoparticles for effective treatment of drug-induced liver injury by manipulating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and inflammatory signals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2025; 678:174-187. [PMID: 39243718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid advancements in biomedicine, the use of clinical drugs has surged sharply. However, potential hepatotoxicity limits drug exploitation and widespread usage, posing serious threats to patient health. Hepatotoxic drugs disrupt liver enzyme levels and cause refractory pathological damage, creating a challenge in the application of diverse first-line drugs. The activation and deterioration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and inflammatory signals are key pathological mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Herein, a novel reduced heteropolyacid nanoparticle (RNP) has been developed, possessing high RONS-scavenging ability, strong anti-inflammatory activity, and excellent biosafety. These features enable it to swiftly restore the redox and immune balance of the liver. Intravenous administration of RNP effectively scavenged RONS storm, reversing liver oxidative stress and restoring normal mitochondrial membrane potential and function. Furthermore, by inhibiting c-Jun-N-terminal kinase phosphorylation, RNP facilitated the restoration of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-mediated endogenous antioxidant signaling, ultimately rescuing the liver function and tissue morphology in acetaminophen-induced DILI mice. Crucially, the high biocompatible RNP exhibited superior efficacy in the DILI mouse model compared to the clinical antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. This targeted therapeutic approach, tailored to address the onset and progression of DILI, offers valuable new insights into controlling the condition and restoring liver structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Qiaohui Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zerun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Niansheng Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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13
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Long Z, Yu X, Li S, Cheng N, Huo C, Zhang X, Wang S. Sakuranetin Prevents Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury via Nrf2-Induced Inhibition of Hepatocyte Ferroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2025; 19:159-171. [PMID: 39816848 PMCID: PMC11733203 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s497817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress is an important cause of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI). Sakuranetin (Sak) is an antitoxin from the cherry flavonoid plant with good antioxidant effects. However, whether sakuranetine has a protective effect on APAP-induced liver injury is not clear. Methods Mouse and HepG2 cell models of APAP injury were used to investigate the effect of sakuranetin on AILI and its mechanism. Serum transaminase levels, histological changes, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, ferroptosis-related markers and Nrf2 signaling pathway proteins were analyzed. Results Sakuranetin significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as inflammatory factor; increased HepG2 activity and decreased cell death; inhibited ROS production, increased glutathione (GSH) content, expression of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11), and decreased malondialdehyde and Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4) expression in mice and HepG2 cells after APAP treatment. Further analysis showed that sakuranetin induced the activation of the NFE2 Like BZIP Transcription Factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in liver tissue and HepG2 cells and promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Moreover, the hepatoprotective effect of sakuranetin and its inhibitory effect on ferroptosis were significantly attenuated by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. Conclusion Sakuranetin alleviates AILI by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis, and sakuranetin may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhida Long
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijia Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Huo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Jiang M, Hong C, Zou W, Ye Z, Lu L, Liu Y, Zhang T, Ding Y. Recent advances in the anti-tumor activities of saponins through cholesterol regulation. Front Pharmacol 2025; 15:1469392. [PMID: 39845802 PMCID: PMC11752913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1469392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cholesterol metabolism has become a popular therapeutic target in cancer therapy. In recent years there has been a surge in interest in the anti-tumor activities of saponins, particularly their ability to disrupt cholesterol homeostasis in tumor cells. Cholesterol regulation by saponins is a complex process that involves multiple mechanisms. However, there are now a notable dearth of comprehensive reviews addressing their anti-tumor effects through cholesterol modulation. This review will explore the intricate mechanisms by which saponins regulate cholesterol, including modulation of synthesis, metabolism, and uptake, as well as complex formation with cholesterol. It will also outline how saponins exert their anti-cancer activities through cholesterol regulation, enhancing cytotoxicity, inhibiting tumor cell metastasis, reversing drug resistance, inducing immunotoxin macromolecule escape, and ferroptosis. This comprehensive analysis offers insights into the potential for the use of saponins anti-tumor therapies and their combinations with other drugs, advancing the understanding of their effects on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkui Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Innovation Platform for Medical Industry-Education Integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Li J, Chen Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Gao D, Xing J, Cao Y, Xu G. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) polysaccharide attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota in mice. Genomics 2025; 117:110983. [PMID: 39734003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the preventive and protective effects of Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides (PP) on Acute liver injury (ALI) in mice and its regulatory effects on intestinal microorganisms, and explored the underlying protective mechanisms. Initially, PP was administered, and then CCl4 was used to induce the mouse ALI model. Serum and liver markers were measured by ELISA. The fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that PP significantly decreased the expression levels of ALT and AST in the serum of mice. The expression levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in liver tissue were found to be reduced, while the levels of GSH and SOD increased. At the same time, PP increased the number of Bacteroides, reduced the number of Proteobacteria, activated the GAG degradation pathway, protected the integrity of the intestinal barrier, inhibited oxidative stress and reduced inflammation, thereby assisting the prevention and protection of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Yuehan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Demeng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Jiaying Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - YuYan Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132013, China.
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Jin H, He J, Wu M, Wang X, Jia L, Zhang L, Guo J. Resveratrol Alleviated T-2 Toxin-Induced Liver Injury via Preservation of Nrf2 Pathway and GSH Synthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2025; 40:19-29. [PMID: 39225115 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin and is considered as an extremely inevitable pollutant with potent hepatotoxicity. However, the approach to alleviation of T-2 toxin-triggered hepatotoxicity has been recognized as a serious challenge. Resveratrol (Res) is a polyphenol natural product isolated from various plant species, but its protective effect against T-2 toxin hepatotoxicity and detailed mechanism remains obscure. In the present study, the effect of Res against the hepatotoxicity was evaluated, and the underlying mechanisms were further revealed in mice. Functionally, Res inhibited liver injury, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by T-2 toxin. Mechanistically, Res modulated Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway and glutathione synthesis inhibition. Collectively, our findings first showed beyond doubt that Res ameliorated T-2 toxin-triggered liver injury by regulating Nrf2 pathways in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- Department of Military Operation Medical Protection, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Fengtai District, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Military Operation Medical Protection, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Fengtai District, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Shenbei New District, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Shenbei New District, China
| | - Li Jia
- Department of Military Operation Medical Protection, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Fengtai District, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Military Operation Medical Protection, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Fengtai District, China
| | - Jiabin Guo
- Department of Military Operation Medical Protection, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Fengtai District, China
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Yang Y, He L, He M, Zhang X, Liao S, Zeng Z, Lin Y, Tu B. FR429 from Polygonum capitatum Demonstrates Potential as an Anti-hepatic Injury Agent by Modulating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2025; 48:372-382. [PMID: 40222915 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
FR429, an ellagitannin isolated and purified from the whole herb Polygonum capitatum (P. capitatum), possesses a robust pharmacological profile, which is particularly noteworthy for its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Despite these established effects, its potential in mitigating hepatic injury remains to be fully explored. The present investigation delineates the hepatoprotective efficacy of FR429 and unveils its underlying molecular mechanisms. Initially, of the tested compounds, 10 compounds (specifically, compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, and 14) exhibited significant protective effects at a concentration of 10 μM, elevating HepG2 (human liver cancer cell) cell viability from 43.4 to 70% following carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure. Among them, compounds 2 (FR429, half-maximum effective concentration (EC50) = 6.46 μM) and 6 (2"-O-galloylquercitrin, EC50 = 5.36 μM) demonstrated the highest cytoprotective activities. In the murine model, FR429 dramatically attenuated serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase, indicative of its hepatoprotective potential. Histopathological evaluation further substantiated these findings, as FR429 noticeably mitigated CCl4-induced hepatic lesions, involving necrosis, ballooning degeneration, and neutrophil infiltration. Transcriptomic analysis unveiled 178 differentially expressed genes in FR429-treated mice liver tissue, with significant alterations indicative of a hepatoprotective response. Mechanistic investigations revealed that FR429's hepatoprotective effects involve modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, evidenced by downregulation of toll-like receptor 2, phosphorylated PI3K, phosphorylated Akt, nuclear factor-kappa-B, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. Furthermore, FR429 modulated the gene and protein expression levels of apoptotic markers (apoptotic protein (Bax) and B-lymphoblastoma-2 gene (Bcl2)), reinforcing its anti-hepatic damage efficacy. This study represents the first report establishing FR429 as an effective hepatoprotective compound, paving the way for further investigation into its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Lei He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Minghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Shanggao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Yan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Bo Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases by Authentic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
- Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
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Wang Q, Li M, Duan F, Xiao K, Sun QQ, Cheng JR, Ni L, Xu Z, Xu B, Xiao F, Kuai J, Wei W, Wang C. GRK2 mediates cisplatin-induced acute liver injury via the modulation of NOX4. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:98. [PMID: 39546067 PMCID: PMC11567994 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the function of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) in acute liver injury (ALI) by cisplatin, and investigated the protective effect of pharmacological inhibition of GRK2. METHODS ALI models were generated in global adult hemizygous (ALI-Grk2±) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Liver biochemistry parameters and histopathology were used to evaluate the severity of ALI and the protective effect of pharmacological inhibition of GRK2. GRK2-siRNA was used to knock down the expression of GRK2 in AML12 cells in vitro. RESULTS ALI model mice exhibited increased blood levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and abnormal liver pathology accompanied by imbalanced L-glutathione (GSH) levels. Cisplatin administration upregulated GKR2, p-GRK2 and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in the liver tissues of ALI model mice. Compared to WT mice injected with cisplatin, Grk2± mice that received cisplatin showed significant improvements in liver function and pathological performance, decreased NOX4 levels, reduced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and diminished liver cell apoptosis. In vitro, the transfection of AML12 cells with siRNA significantly reduced NOX4 expression and inhibited cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species production, ER stress (increased levels of GRP94, GRP78, p-elF2α and CHOP) and apoptotic death. Moreover, pharmacological treatment with drugs that inhibit GRK2 (CP-25 or paroxetine) significantly ameliorated cisplatin-induced ALI by improving liver pathological manifestations, inhibiting oxidative stress and ER stress, and reducing liver cell apoptosis. Similar results were observed in vitro. CONCLUSIONS GRK2 mediates the development of cisplatin-induced ALI by modulating NOX4 and ER stress. Pharmacological inhibition of GRK2 with CP-25 or paroxetine effectively alleviated ALI. GRK2 can be used as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlei Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Fei Duan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kangjun Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qing Qing Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiang Rui Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lei Ni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhengkun Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bingfa Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiajie Kuai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Xue L, Wang L, Xu Y, Shen Y, Shi Z, Li X, Feng H, Xie X, Xie L, Wang G, Liang Y. The regulation of GSH/GPX4-mediated lipid accumulation confirms that schisandra polysaccharides should be valued equally as lignans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118483. [PMID: 38914150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acetaminophen (APAP) induced liver injury (AILI) is a common cause of clinical hepatic damage and even acute liver failure. Our previous research has shown that Schisandra chinensis lignan extract (SLE) can exert a hepatoprotective effect by regulating lipid metabolism. Although polysaccharides from Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis), like lignans, are important components of S. chinensis, their pharmacological activity and target effects on AILI have not yet been explored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to quantitatively reveal the role of SCP in the pharmacological activity of S. chinensis, and further explore the pharmacological components, potential action targets and mechanisms of S. chinensis in treating AILI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The therapeutic effect of SCP on AILI was systematically determined via comparing the efficacy of SCP and SLE on in vitro and in vivo models. Network pharmacology, molecular docking and multi-omics techniques were then used to screen and verify the action targets of S. chinensis against AILI. RESULTS SCP intervention could significantly improve AILI, and the therapeutic effect was comparable to that of SLE. Notably, the combination of SCP and SLE did not produce mutual antagonistic effects. Subsequently, we found that both SCP and SLE could significantly reverse the down-regulation of GPX4 caused by the APAP modeling, and then further improving lipid metabolism abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Hepatoprotective effects of SCP and SLE is most correlated with their regulation of GSH/GPX4-mediated lipid accumulation. This is the first exploration of the hepatoprotective effect and potential mechanism of SCP in treating AILI, which is crucial for fully utilizing S. chinensis and developing promising AILI therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xue
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Leyi Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yexin Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yun Shen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Zechang Shi
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Xiaorun Li
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Haoyang Feng
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Xinrui Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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20
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Bai B, Ma Y, Liu D, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Shi R, Zhou Q. DNA damage caused by chemotherapy has duality, and traditional Chinese medicine may be a better choice to reduce its toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1483160. [PMID: 39502534 PMCID: PMC11534686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1483160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage induced by chemotherapy has duality. It affects the efficacy of chemotherapy and constrains its application. An increasing number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is highly effective in reducing side-effects induced by chemotherapy due to its natural, non-toxic and many sourced from food. Recent advancements have demonstrated survival rates are improved attributable to effective chemotherapy. DNA damage is the principal mechanism underlying chemotherapy. However, not all instances of DNA damage are beneficial. Chemotherapy induces DNA damage in normal cells, leading to side effects. It affects the efficacy of chemotherapy and constrains its application. Objectives This review aims to summarize the dual nature of DNA damage induced by chemotherapy and explore how TCM can mitigate chemotherapy-induced side effects. Results The review summarized the latest research progress in DNA damage caused by chemotherapy and the effect of alleviating side effects by TCM. It focused on advantages and disadvantages of chemotherapy, the mechanism of drugs and providing insights for rational and effective clinical treatment and serving as a basis for experiment. In this review, we described the mechanisms of DNA damage, associated chemotherapeutics, and their toxicity. Furthermore, we explored Chinese herb that can alleviate chemotherapy-induced side-effects. Conclusion We highlight key mechanisms of DNA damage caused by chemotherapeutics and discuss specific TCM herbs that have shown potential in reducing these side effects. It can provide reference for clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufan Bai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingrui Ma
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Breast Surgery Department, Baoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianmei Zhou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Yu S, Yang N, Li H, Hu X, Zhang L, Li S. Artemether ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver injury through Nrf2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117280. [PMID: 39236474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a prevalent cause of clinical pharmacological liver injury worldwide. Artemether (ART), a first-line antimalarial drug, has demonstrated hepatoprotective activity. However, its effect on APAP-induced acute liver injury (AILI) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether ART can protect against AILI and examined its underlying mechanisms. In vivo, ART mitigated APAP-induced liver histological changes, including mitochondrial damage, hepatocyte necrosis, hepatocyte apoptosis, and inflammatory infiltration. Additionally, ART reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in APAP-induced mice. ART also activated the Nrf2-HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway, exerting antioxidant effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of AILI. To confirm Nrf2 as a target of ART in vivo, we pretreated C57BL/6 mice with the Nrf2 inhibitor, ML385. The results indicated that inhibiting Nrf2 diminishes the protective effect of ART against AILI. Overall, our findings suggest that ART's protective effect against AILI is mediated through the Nrf2-related antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medicine University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medicine University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medicine University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Hospital, Affiliated Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medicine University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China.
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Liu S, Wang H, Liu S, Yin P, Song S, Xiong B, Wang L, Bi Y, Yu L. Fermented Ginsenosides Alleviate Acute Liver Injury Induced by CCl 4 in Mice by Regulating the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. J Med Food 2024; 27:961-970. [PMID: 39012958 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the alleviating effect of fermented ginsenosides obtained through yeast strain fermentation transformation on acute liver injury (ALI) induced by CCl4. Strains were screened for their ability to produce β-glucosidase, the transformation ability of the strain was verified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain F6 was obtained by 26S rRNA sequencing. After fermentation by F6 strain, it was found that the content of ginsenosides Re, Rb1, and Rb2 was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and rare ginsenosides were detected, with the content of Rh4 and Rg5 reaching 2.65 mg·g-1 and 2.56 mg·g-1. We also explored the preventive effect of fermented ginsenoside extract (FGE) on ALI. Mice were evenly divided into 9 groups as follows: control group, ALI model group, positive drug bifendate group, and treatment group, which included 3 ginsenoside extract (GE) groups and 3 FGE groups (dosage of 150, 300, and 450 mg·kg-1 b.w.). The results showed that compared with the ALI model group, FGE significantly increased the levels of glutathione peroxidase, hydroperoxidase, and superoxide dismutase and also decreased the malondialdehyde level. The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin markers were significantly reduced, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly decreased. Bioinformatics analysis combined with Western blot validation explored the molecular mechanism of the effect of FGE. It was found that FGE could downregulate the expression of the p-AKT/AKT and the p-mTOR/mTOR ratios. These results suggested that FGE played an alleviative role in ALI by promoting autophagy to inhibit the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Heyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Pei Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shixin Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Boyu Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Yunfeng Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Xiao K, Li H, Li Y, Zhan B, Fang X, Zhao B, Zhang X, Wu Y, Wang F, Jia Y. Protective effects and mechanism of Sangyu granule on acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118282. [PMID: 38701935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Sang Yu granule (SY), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription of Xijing Hospital, was developed based on the Guanyin powder in the classical prescription "Hong's Collection of Proven Prescriptions" and the new theory of modern Chinese medicine. It has been proved to have a certain therapeutic effect on drug-induced liver injury (DILI), but the specific mechanism of action is still unclear. AIM OF STUDY Aim of the study was to explore the effect of SangYu granule on treating drug-induced liver injury induced by acetaminophen in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of SY, serum, and liver tissue was analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. To assess hepatic function, measurements were taken using kits for total bile acids, as well as serum AST, ALT, and ALP activity. Concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum were quantified using ELISA kits. Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis and 2bRAD-M microbial diversity analysis were employed to evaluate gene expression variance in liver tissue and fecal microbiota diversity among different groups, respectively. Western blotting was performed to observe differences in the activation levels of FXR, SHP, CYP7A1 and PPARα in the liver, and the levels of FXR and FGF-15 genes and proteins in the ileum of mice. Additionally, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments were conducted to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of administering the intestinal microbial suspension from mice treated with SY on drug-induced liver injury. RESULTS SY treatment exhibited significant hepatoprotective effects in mice, effectively ameliorating drug-induced liver injury while concurrently restoring intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Furthermore, SY administration demonstrated a reduction in the concentration of total bile acids, the expression of FXR and SHP proteins in the liver was up-regulated, CYP7A1 protein was down-regulated, and the expressions of FXR and FGF-15 proteins in the ileum were up-regulated. However, no notable impact on PPARα was observed. Furthermore, results from FMT experiments indicated that the administration of fecal suspensions derived from mice treated with SY did not yield any therapeutic benefits in the context of drug-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION The aforementioned findings strongly suggest that SY exerts a pronounced ameliorative effect on drug-induced liver injury through its ability to modulate the expression of key proteins involved in bile acid secretion, thereby preserving hepato-enteric circulation homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuening Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of life sciences, Northwestern University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Bo Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yumei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Lin W, Gu B, Gu Y, Zhao R, Huang Y, Fan R, Rong W, Liu Z. Taraxasterol protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing liver inflammatory response and ameliorating oxidative stress in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112580. [PMID: 38943970 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver failure is mainly caused by the overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) globally. The traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herb, Taraxacum, contains Taraxasterol (TAX) as one of the active components. It is a pentacyclic-triterpene compound isolated from this herb. Present work aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo protection effect of TAX in APAP-induced acute liver injury, and determine the potential regulatory mechamisms. The liver injury caused by APAP is attenuated by TAX, as shown by the alleviated pathological changes of mice liver and the reduced serological indexes. TAX evidently controlled the oxidative stress and liver inflammation in mice liver. In vitro studies found that TAX reversed the decrease in LO2 cell viability induced by APAP, and protected LO2 cells from APAP-induced injury. In addition, TAX reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 macrophages as induced via APAP. Besides, TAX inhibited oxidative stress in LO2 cells induced by APAP in vitro. Noteworthy, TAX enhanced protein and mRNA expressions of Nrf2 in vivo, and knockdown of Nrf2 by using adeno-associated virus (AAV)-Nrf2-KO attenuated inhibitory impact of TAX in acute liver injury induced by APAP. Also, AAV-NRF2-KO weakened the inhibitory impact of TAX against APAP-triggered liver inflammation and oxidative stress of mice liver. Moreover, TAX activated the Nrf2 signaling in APAP-induced LO2 cells, as shown by the increased nuclear Nrf2 expression together with downstream HO-1 expression in vitro. Inhibition of Nrf2 by using ML-385, anNrf2inhibitor, weakened the inhibitory effect of TAX against APAP-induced oxidative stress and cell injury in LO2 cells. Moreover, inhibition of Nrf2 attenuated anti-inflammatory effect of TAX for APAP-induced RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, TAX could protect against APAP-triggered hepatotoxicitythrough suppression of liver oxidative stress and inflammatory response in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Bangjie Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yumeng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Rui Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Weihao Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211299, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhaoguo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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Deng X, Li Y, Chen Y, Hu Q, Zhang W, Chen L, Lu X, Zeng J, Ma X, Efferth T. Paeoniflorin protects hepatocytes from APAP-induced damage through launching autophagy via the MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:119. [PMID: 39244559 PMCID: PMC11380789 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is gradually becoming a common global problem that causes acute liver failure, especially in acute hepatic damage caused by acetaminophen (APAP). Paeoniflorin (PF) has a wide range of therapeutic effects to alleviate a variety of hepatic diseases. However, the relationship between them is still poorly investigated in current studies. PURPOSE This work aimed to explore the protective effects of PF on APAP-induced hepatic damage and researched the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6J male mice were injected with APAP to establish DILI model and were given PF for five consecutive days for treatment. Aiming to clarify the pharmacological effects, the molecular mechanisms of PF in APAP-induced DILI was elucidated by high-throughput and other techniques. RESULTS The results demonstrated that serum levels of ALP, γ-GT, AST, TBIL, and ALT were decreased in APAP mice by the preventive effects of PF. Moreover, PF notably alleviated hepatic tissue inflammation and edema. Meanwhile, the results of TUNEL staining and related apoptotic factors coincided with the results of transcriptomics, suggesting that PF inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis by regulated MAPK signaling. Besides, PF also acted on reactive oxygen species (ROS) to regulate the oxidative stress for recovery the damaged mitochondria. More importantly, transmission electron microscopy showed the generation of autophagosomes after PF treatment, and PF was also downregulated mTOR and upregulated the expression of autophagy markers such as ATG5, ATG7, and BECN1 at the mRNA level and LC3, p62, ATG5, and ATG7 at the protein level, implying that the process by which PF exerted its effects was accompanied by the occurrence of autophagy. In addition, combinined with molecular dynamics simulations and western blotting of MAPK, the results suggested p38 as a direct target for PF on APAP. Specifically, PF-activated autophagy through the downregulation of MAPK/mTOR signaling, which in turn reduced APAP injury. CONCLUSIONS Paeoniflorin mitigated liver injury by activating autophagy to suppress oxidative stress and apoptosis via the MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings elucidate the role and mechanism of paeoniflorin in DILI, which is expected to provide a new therapeutic strategy for the development of paeoniflorin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lisheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
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Liang Y, Zhang C, Meng Z, Gong S, Tian J, Li R, Wang Z, Wang S. In-situ evaluation the fluctuation of hypochlorous acid in acute liver injury mice models with a mitochondria-targeted NIR ratiometric fluorescent probe. Talanta 2024; 277:126355. [PMID: 38838563 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a frequent and devastating liver disease that has been made more prevalent by the excessive use of chemicals, drugs, and alcohol in modern life. Hypochlorous acid (HClO), an important biomarker of oxidative stress originating mainly from the mitochondria, has been shown to be intimately connected to the development and course of ALI. Herein, a novel BODIPY-based NIR ratiometric fluorescent probe Mito-BS was constructed for the specific recognition of mitochondrial HClO. The probe Mito-BS can rapidly respond to HClO within 20 s with a ratiometric fluorescence response (from 680 nm to 645 nm), 24-fold fluorescence intensity ratio enhancement (I645/I680), a wide pH adaptation range (5-9) and the low detection limit (31 nM). The probe Mito-BS has been effectively applied to visualize endogenous and exogenous HClO fluctuations in living zebrafish and cells based on its low cytotoxicity and prominent mitochondria-targeting ability. Furthermore, the fluorescent probe Mito-BS makes it possible to achieve the non-invasive in-situ diagnosis of ALI through in mice, and provides a feasible strategy for early diagnosis and drug therapy of ALI and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyin Liang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Chunjie Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jixiang Tian
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Ruoming Li
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
| | - Zhonglong Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Shifa Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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27
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Shi Y, Xu N, Liu B, Ma Y, Fu X, Shang Y, Huang Q, Yao Q, Chen J, Li H. Mifepristone protects acetaminophen induced liver injury through NRF2/GSH/GST mediated ferroptosis suppression. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:229-243. [PMID: 38906233 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death that has attracted significant attention for its potential role in numerous diseases. Targeted inhibition of ferroptosis could be of potential use in treating diseases: such as drug induced liver injury (DILI). Ferroptosis can be antagonized by the xCT/GSH/GPX4, FSP1/CoQ10, DHODH/CoQ10, GCH1/BH4, and NRF2 pathways. Identifying novel anti-ferroptosis pathways will further promote our understanding of the biological nature of ferroptosis and help discover new drugs targeting ferroptosis related human diseases. In this study, we identified the clinically used drug mifepristone (RU486) as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor. Mechanistically, RU486 inhibits ferroptosis by inducing GSH synthesis pathway, which supplies GSH for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) mediated 4-HNE detoxification. Furthermore, RU486 induced RLIP76 and MRP1 export 4-HNE conjugate contributes to its anti-ferroptosis activity. Interestingly, RU486 induced GSH/GSTs/RLIP76&MRP1 anti-ferroptosis pathway acts independent of classic anti-ferroptosis systems: including xCT/GSH/GPX4, FSP1, DHODH, GCH1, SCD1 and FTH1. Moreover, NRF2 was identified to be important for RU486's anti-ferroptosis activity by inducing downstream gene expression. Importantly, in mouse model, RU486 showed strong protection effect on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury, evidenced by decreased ALT, AST level and histological recovery after APAP treatment. Interestingly, RU486 also decreased oxidative markers, including 4-HNE and MDA, and induced NRF2 activation as well as GSTs, MRP1 expression. Together, these data suggest NRF2/GSH/GST/RLIP76&MRP1 mediated detoxification pathway as an important independent anti-ferroptosis pathway act both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Shi
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Nahua Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Baiping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yingying Shang
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Changpo Road, Wudang District, Guiyang, 550000, China.
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China; Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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28
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He J, Qiu Z, Fan J, Xie X, Sheng Q, Sui X. Drug tolerant persister cell plasticity in cancer: A revolutionary strategy for more effective anticancer therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:209. [PMID: 39138145 PMCID: PMC11322379 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-genetic mechanisms have recently emerged as important drivers of anticancer drug resistance. Among these, the drug tolerant persister (DTP) cell phenotype is attracting more and more attention and giving a predominant non-genetic role in cancer therapy resistance. The DTP phenotype is characterized by a quiescent or slow-cell-cycle reversible state of the cancer cell subpopulation and inert specialization to stimuli, which tolerates anticancer drug exposure to some extent through the interaction of multiple underlying mechanisms and recovering growth and proliferation after drug withdrawal, ultimately leading to treatment resistance and cancer recurrence. Therefore, targeting DTP cells is anticipated to provide new treatment opportunities for cancer patients, although our current knowledge of these DTP cells in treatment resistance remains limited. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the formation characteristics and underlying drug tolerant mechanisms of DTP cells, investigate the potential drugs for DTP (including preclinical drugs, novel use for old drugs, and natural products) based on different medicine models, and discuss the necessity and feasibility of anti-DTP therapy, related application forms, and future issues that will need to be addressed to advance this emerging field towards clinical applications. Nonetheless, understanding the novel functions of DTP cells may enable us to develop new more effective anticancer therapy and improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zejing Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qinsong Sheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinbing Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
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Yu Y, Liang J, Yuan Z, Wang A, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhang M, Gao Y, Zhang H, Liu Y. Bioactive compound schaftoside from Clinacanthus nutans attenuates acute liver injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through activation the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118135. [PMID: 38556139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau, a traditional herb renowned for its anti-tumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, has garnered considerable attention. Although its hepatoprotective effects have been described, there is still limited knowledge of its treatment of acute liver injury (ALI), and its mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the efficacy of Clinacanthus nutans in ALI and to identify the most effective fractions and their underlying mechanism of action. METHODS Bioinformatics was employed to explore the underlying anti-hepatic injury mechanisms and active compounds of Clinacanthus nutans. The binding ability of schaftoside, a potential active ingredient in Clinacanthus nutans, to the core target nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was further determined by molecular docking. The role of schaftoside in improving histological abnormalities in the liver was observed by H&E and Masson's staining in an ALI model induced by CCl4. Serum and liver biochemical parameters were measured using AST, ALT and hydroxyproline kits. An Fe2+ kit, transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, RT-qPCR, and DCFH-DA were used to measure whether schaftoside reduces ferroptosis-induced ALI. Subsequently, specific siRNA knockdown of Nrf2 in AML12 cells was performed to further elucidate the mechanism by which schaftoside attenuates ferroptosis-induced ALI. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking showed that schaftoside is the principal compound from Clinacanthus nutans. Schaftoside was shown to diminish oxidative stress levels, attenuate liver fibrosis, and forestall ferroptosis. Deeper investigations revealed that schaftoside amplified Nrf2 expression and triggered the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, thereby reversing mitochondrial aberrations triggered by lipid peroxidation, GPX4 depletion, and ferroptosis. CONCLUSION The lead compound schaftoside counters ferroptosis through the Nrf2/GPX4 axis, providing insights into a novel molecular mechanism for treating ALI, thereby presenting an innovative therapeutic strategy for ferroptosis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jingwei Liang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Zhexin Yuan
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Xinxing Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, Haikou, 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; International Joint Research Center of Human-machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, Haikou, 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Haikou, 571199, China.
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Gao X, Zhu Z, Bao Y, Li Y, Zhu W, He X, Ge X, Huang W, Wang H, Wei W, Du J, Chen L, Li H, Sheng L. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat extract and probiotics combination ameliorates metabolic disorders through regulating gut microbiota and PPARα subcellular localization. Chin Med 2024; 19:76. [PMID: 38831430 PMCID: PMC11149226 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, a traditional Chinese medicine, has the effects on liver clearing, vision improving, and anti-inflammation. C. morifolium and probiotics have been individually studied for their beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms were not completely elucidated. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of C. morifolium and probiotics combination (CP) on alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the dysregulation of glucose metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS The therapeutic effect of CP on metabolism was evaluated by liver histology and serum biochemical analysis, as well as glucose tolerance test. The impact of CP on gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis was performed with the key genes and proteins validated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. In addition, whole body Pparα knockout (Pparα-/-) mice were used to confirm the CP-mediated pathway. RESULTS CP supplementation ameliorated metabolic disorders by reducing body weight and hepatic steatosis, and improving glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in HFD fed mice. CP intervention mitigated the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, which contributed at least in part, to the beneficial effect of improving glucose metabolism. In addition, hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that CP modulated the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. CP downregulated the mRNA level of lipid droplet-binding proteins, such as Cidea and Cidec in the liver, leading to more substrates for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Meanwhile, the expression of CPT1α, the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, was significantly increased upon CP treatment. Mechanistically, though CP didn't affect the total PPARα level, it promoted the nuclear localization of PPARα, which contributed to the reduced expression of Cidea and Cidec, and increased expression of CPT1α, leading to activated FAO. Moreover, whole body PPARα deficiency abolished the anti-NAFLD effect of CP, suggesting the importance of PPARα in CP-mediated beneficial effect. CONCLUSION This study revealed the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effect of CP by regulating gut microbiota composition and PPARα subcellular localization, highlighting its potential for therapeutic candidate for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaofang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjing Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Chen C, Chen F, Gu L, Jiang Y, Cai Z, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhu Z, Liu X. Discovery and validation of COX2 as a target of flavonoids in Apocyni Veneti Folium: Implications for the treatment of liver injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117919. [PMID: 38364933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Apocyni Veneti Folium (AVF), a popular traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is known for its effects in soothing the liver and nerves and eliminating heat and water. It is relevant from an ethnopharmacological perspective. Pharmacological research has confirmed its benefits on antihypertension, antihyperlipidemia, antidepression, liver protection, immune system boosting, antiaging, and diabetic vascular lesions. Previous studies have shown that flavonoids, the active ingredients, have a hepatoprotective effect. However, the exact mechanism has not been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to identify the active flavonoids in AVF and their corresponding targets for liver injury. Multiple methods were introduced to confirm the targets. MATERIAL AND METHODS AVF compounds were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Then, network pharmacology was utilized to screen potential hepatoprotection targets of the compounds. An enzyme activity assay was performed to determine the effect of the compounds on the targets. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) was applied to confirm the direct interaction between the compounds and the targets. RESULTS A total of 71 compounds were identified by LC-MS and 19 compounds and 112 shared targets were screened using network pharmacology. These common targets were primarily involved in the TNF signaling pathway, cancer pathways, hepatitis B, drug responses, and negative regulation of the apoptotic process. Flavonoids were the primary pharmacological substance basis of AVF. The cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) protein was one of the direct targets of flavonoids in AVF. The enzyme activity assay and BLI-based intermolecular interactions demonstrated that the compounds astragalin, isoquercitrin, and hyperoside exhibited stronger inhibition of enzyme activity and a higher affinity with COX2 compared to epigallocatechin, quercetin, and catechin. CONCLUSIONS COX2 was preliminarily identified as a target of flavonoids, and the mechanism of the hepatoprotective effect of AVF might be linked to flavonoids inhibiting the activity of COX2. The findings can establish the foundation for future research on the traditional hepatoprotective effect of AVF on the liver and for clinical studies on liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Feiyan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ling Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yucui Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhichen Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yunan Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhu Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Luo Z, Yin F, Wang X, Kong L. Progress in approved drugs from natural product resources. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:195-211. [PMID: 38553188 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have consistently played a pivotal role in pharmaceutical research, exerting profound impacts on the treatment of human diseases. A significant proportion of approved molecular entity drugs are either directly derived from NPs or indirectly through modifications of NPs. This review presents an overview of NP drugs recently approved in China, the United States, and other countries, spanning various disease categories, including cancers, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, central nervous system disorders, and infectious diseases. The article provides a succinct introduction to the origin, activity, development process, approval details, and mechanism of action of these NP drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fucheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Kavitha CM, Eshwarappa KM, Shetty SJ, Gurumurthy SC, Surabhi S, Niranjana Prabhu T, Jeong JR, Morales DV. Modification of thermal and electrical characteristics of hybrid polymer nanocomposites through gamma irradiation for advanced applications. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:34. [PMID: 38386138 PMCID: PMC10884377 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this article, we present a straightforward in-situ approach for producing Ag NPs incorporated in graphene oxide (GO) blended with glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. Samples are γ-irradiated by doses of 2, 5, and 10 kGy and in comparison with the pristine films, the thermal conductivity ('k') and effusivity are measured. 'k' decreases with irradiation doses up to 5 kGy and further increase in the dosage results increase in 'k'. We performed FDTD modeling to verify the effect of polarization and periodicity on the absorptivity and emissivity spectra that are correlated to the 'k' and effusivity, empirically. Hence, we can confess that the structural properties of the prepared hybrid nanocomposite are manipulated by γ-irradiation. This attests that the PVA/GO-Ag/GA nanocomposite is radiation-sensitive and could be employed for thermal management systems. Moreover, their strong electrical insulation, as the measured dc conductivity of the γ-irradiated samples is found to be in the range of 2.66 × 10-8-4.319 × 10-7 Sm-1, which is below the percolation threshold of 1.0 × 10-6 Sm-1, demonstrates that they are excellent candidates for the use of thermal management materials. The low 'k' values allow us to use this promising material as thermal insulating substrates in microsensors and microsystems. They are also great choices for usage as wire and cable insulation in nuclear reactors due to their superior electrical insulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kavitha
- Radiation and Materials Physics Lab, Department of Studies in Physics, Davanagere University, Shivagangotri, Davanagere, 577007, Karnataka, India
| | - K M Eshwarappa
- Radiation and Materials Physics Lab, Department of Studies in Physics, Davanagere University, Shivagangotri, Davanagere, 577007, Karnataka, India.
| | - Shivakumar Jagadish Shetty
- Nano and Functional Materials (NFML) Lab, Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S C Gurumurthy
- Nano and Functional Materials (NFML) Lab, Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Srivathsava Surabhi
- Laboratorio de Nanocompuestos, Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales (DIMAT), Facultad de Ingeniería (FI), Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas (FCFM), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - T Niranjana Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jong-Ryul Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - D V Morales
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Centro de Energía; and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (UCSC), Concepción, Chile
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Dong K, Sun Y, Gao X, Wang J, Wu X, Guo C. Mixed micelles loaded with hesperidin protect against acetaminophen induced acute liver injury by inhibiting the mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 233:113656. [PMID: 37984191 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Excessive acetaminophen (APAP) is the main cause of drug-induced acute liver failure, and the pathogenesis has not been elucidated and there is a lack of effective drugs. Hesperidin (Hes), a rich flavanone in citrus peel with excellent biological activities, is a potential agent for treatment liver injury. Due to poor water solubility of Hes, this study prepared mixed micelles using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K17) and poloxamer 188, and encapsulated Hes (Hes-MMs). The results showed that Hes-MMs exhibited a uniform spherical shape with a particle size of 66.80 ± 0.83 nm, and Hes-MMs significantly improved the dispersibility, antioxidant activity, and cellular uptake of Hes. In vitro results showed that Hes-MMs protected the proliferation inhibition of HepG2 cells induced by APAP, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the damage of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) induced by APAP. Furthermore, Hes-MMs exerted liver protective effects by inhibiting APAP induced mtDNA release and activating the cGAS-STING pathway. In vivo results demonstrated that Hes-MMs showed protective and therapeutic effects on APAP induced liver injury, and their mechanisms were related to the mtDNA-cGAS-STING signaling pathway. In summary, our study demonstrated that the mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway was involved in APAP induced acute liver injury, and Hes-MMs might be a potential therapeutic agent for treating APAP induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xintao Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biology Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Xiaochen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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35
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Krepkova LV, Babenko AN, Lemyaseva SV, Saybel OL, Sherwin CM, Enioutina EY. Modulation of Hepatic Functions by Chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.) Extract: Preclinical Study in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1471. [PMID: 37895942 PMCID: PMC10609820 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is important in detoxifying organisms from xenobiotics, supporting immune functions, and metabolizing lipids and glucose. In addition, a growing number of drug-induced liver injuries and diseases associated with liver dysfunction make the development of phytodrugs targeting multiple liver functions particularly crucial. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a novel chicory extract prepared from aerial parts of the wild Cichorium intybus L. plant (CE) on liver enzymes and on lipid and glucose metabolism in rats with acute liver injury or hyperlipidemia. A single subcutaneous injection of mercury chloride induced an acute liver injury. Hyperlipidemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Tween-80 or by feeding rats with cholesterol and mercazolil for 28 days. Under varying regimens, the experimental rats received 100 mg/kg b.w. or 500 mg/kg b.w. of CE. CE treatment ameliorated acute liver injury by reducing liver enzyme activity, bilirubin, glucose, and lipid levels. Treatment of hyperlipidemic rats with CE effectively reduced serum lipid and glucose levels. The data obtained in this study suggest that chicory-based phytodrugs may be used to effectively treat acute liver injury and for the prophylaxis or treatment of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Clinical trials are needed to prove the effectiveness of chicory extract in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubov V. Krepkova
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow 113628, Russia
| | - Alexandra N. Babenko
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow 113628, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Lemyaseva
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow 113628, Russia
| | - Olga L. Saybel
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow 113628, Russia
| | - Catherine M. Sherwin
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton Children’s Hospital, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Elena Y. Enioutina
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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36
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Yan L, Yan Y. Therapeutic potential of sulforaphane in liver diseases: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1256029. [PMID: 37705537 PMCID: PMC10495681 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1256029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of liver diseases such as metabolic-associated fatty liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma has increased rapidly worldwide over the past decades. However, pharmacological therapies for these liver diseases are insufficient. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate that is mainly found in cruciferous vegetables, has been found to have a broad spectrum of activities like antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetic, and anticancer effects. Recently, a growing number of studies have reported that SFN could significantly ameliorate hepatic steatosis and prevent the development of fatty liver, improve insulin sensitivity, attenuate oxidative damage and liver injury, induce apoptosis, and inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells through multiple signaling pathways. Moreover, many clinical studies have demonstrated that SFN is harmless to the human body and well-tolerated by individuals. This emerging evidence suggests SFN to be a promising drug candidate in the treatment of liver diseases. Nevertheless, limitations exist in the development of SFN as a hepatoprotective drug due to its special properties, including instability, water insolubility, and high inter-individual variation of bioavailability when used from broccoli sprout extracts. Herein, we comprehensively review the recent progress of SFN in the treatment of common liver diseases and the underlying mechanisms, with the aim to provide a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of SFN in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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37
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Li X, Ni J, Chen L. Advances in the study of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1239395. [PMID: 37601069 PMCID: PMC10436315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1239395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a significant cause of drug-induced liver injury and acute liver failure. The diagnosis, screening, and management of APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) is challenging because of the complex mechanisms involved. Starting from the current studies on the mechanisms of AILI, this review focuses on novel findings in the field of diagnosis, screening, and management of AILI. It highlights the current issues that need to be addressed. This review is supposed to summarize the recent research progress and make recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Li
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Ni
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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38
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Li J, Huang Q, Lv M, Ma W, Sun J, Zhong X, Hu R, Ma M, Han Z, Zhang W, Feng W, Sun X, Zhou X. Role of liensinine in sensitivity of activated macrophages to ferroptosis and in acute liver injury. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:189. [PMID: 37353487 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory liver disease with a high mortality rate. Alternatively, activated macrophages (AAMs) have been linked to the inflammation and recovery of ALI. However, the mechanism underlying AAM death in ALI has not been studied sufficiently. We used liensinine (Lie) as a drug of choice after screening a library of small-molecule monomers with 1488 compounds from traditional Chinese remedies. In ALI, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of action of the drug in ALI and found that it effectively inhibited RSL3-induced ferroptosis in AAM. Lie significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in RSL3-generated AAM. It also improved the survival rate of LPS/D-GalN-treated mice, reduced serum transaminase activity, suppressed inflammatory factor production, and may have lowered AAM ferroptosis in ALI. Lie also inhibited ferritinophagy and blocked Fe2+ synthesis. Following combined treatment with RSL3 and Lie, super-resolution microscopy revealed a close correlation between ferritin and LC3-positive vesicles in the AAM. The co-localization of ferritin and LC3 with LAMP1 was significantly reduced. These findings suggest that Lie may ameliorate ALI by inhibiting ferritinophagy and enhancing AMM resistance to ferroptosis by inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Therefore, Lie may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for patients with ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Minling Lv
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wenfeng Ma
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Jialing Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - MengQing Ma
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhiyi Han
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wenxing Feng
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xinfeng Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Machado IF, Miranda RG, Dorta DJ, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM. Targeting Oxidative Stress with Polyphenols to Fight Liver Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1212. [PMID: 37371941 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important second messengers in many metabolic processes and signaling pathways. Disruption of the balance between ROS generation and antioxidant defenses results in the overproduction of ROS and subsequent oxidative damage to biomolecules and cellular components that disturb cellular function. Oxidative stress contributes to the initiation and progression of many liver pathologies such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, controlling ROS production is an attractive therapeutic strategy in relation to their treatment. In recent years, increasing evidence has supported the therapeutic effects of polyphenols on liver injury via the regulation of ROS levels. In the current review, we summarize the effects of polyphenols, such as quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin, on oxidative damage during conditions that induce liver injury, such as LIRI, NAFLD, and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo F Machado
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raul G Miranda
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Dorta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040, Brazil
| | - Anabela P Rolo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Palmeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
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40
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Quan W, Kong S, Li S, Ouyang Q, Lu S, Guo J, Wu K, Zhao W, Luo H. Anti-Photoaging Effects of Nanocomposites of Amphiphilic Chitosan/18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114362. [PMID: 37298838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the transdermal absorption of weakly soluble drugs for topical use can help to prevent and treat skin photoaging. Nanocrystals of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (i.e., NGAs) prepared by high-pressure homogenization and amphiphilic chitosan (ACS) were used to form ANGA composites by electrostatic adsorption, and the optimal ratio of NGA to ACS was 10:1. Dynamic light scattering analysis and zeta potential analysis were used to evaluate the nanocomposites' suspension, and the results showed that mean particle size was 318.8 ± 5.4 nm and the zeta potential was 30.88 ± 1.4 mV after autoclaving (121 °C, 30 min). The results of CCK-8 showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ANGAs (71.9 μg/mL) was higher than that of NGAs (51.6 μg/mL), indicating that the cytotoxicity of ANGAs was weaker than that of NGAs at 24 h. After the composite had been prepared as a hydrogel, the vertical diffusion (Franz) cells were used to investigate skin permeability in vitro, and it was shown that the cumulative permeability of the ANGA hydrogel increased from 56.5 ± 1.4% to 75.3 ± 1.8%. The efficacy of the ANGA hydrogel against skin photoaging was studied by constructing a photoaging animal model under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and staining. The ANGA hydrogel improved the photoaging characteristics of UV-induced mouse skin significantly, improved structural changes (e.g., breakage and clumping of collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis) significantly, and improved skin elasticity, while it inhibited the abnormal expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 significantly, thereby reducing the damage caused by UV irradiation to the collagen-fiber structure. These results indicated that the NGAs could enhance the local penetration of GA into the skin and significantly improve the photoaging of mouse skin. The ANGA hydrogel could be used to counteract skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Quan
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Songzhi Kong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Sidong Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qianqian Ouyang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Sitong Lu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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Ma JT, Xia S, Zhang BK, Luo F, Guo L, Yang Y, Gong H, Yan M. The pharmacology and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in promoting liver regeneration: A new therapeutic option. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154893. [PMID: 37236047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver is renowned for its remarkable regenerative capacity to restore its structure, size and function after various types of liver injury. However, in patients with end-stage liver disease, the regenerative capacity is inhibited and liver transplantation is the only option. Considering the limitations of liver transplantation, promoting liver regeneration is suggested as a new therapeutic strategy for liver disease. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of preventing and treating various liver diseases, and some of them have been proven to be effective in promoting liver regeneration, suggesting the therapeutic potential in liver diseases. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration and the pro-regenerative activity and mechanism of TCM formulas, extracts and active ingredients. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library databases using "TCM", "liver regeneration" or their synonyms as keywords, and classified and summarized the retrieved literature. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. RESULTS Forty-one research articles met the themes of this review and previous critical studies were also reviewed to provide essential background information. Current evidences indicate that various TCM formulas, extracts and active ingredients have the effect on stimulating liver regeneration through modulating JAK/STAT, Hippo, PI3K/Akt and other signaling pathways. Besides, the mechanisms of liver regeneration, the limitation of existing studies and the application prospect of TCM to promote liver regeneration are also outlined and discussed in this review. CONCLUSION This review supports TCM as new potential therapeutic options for promoting liver regeneration and repair of the failing liver, although extensive pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies, as well as elaborate clinical trials, are still needed to demonstrate safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ting Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Kui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China.
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China; International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, China.
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Li Q, Zhang W, Cheng N, Zhu Y, Li H, Zhang S, Guo W, Ge G. Pectolinarigenin ameliorates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response in Nrf2 and PPARa dependent manners. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154726. [PMID: 36863308 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cirsii Japonici Herba Carbonisata (Dajitan in Chinese) has been used to treat liver disorders in Asian countries. Pectolinarigenin (PEC), an abundant constituent in Dajitan, has been found to possess a wide range of biological benefits, including hepatoprotective effects. However, the effects of PEC on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) and the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. PURPOSES To explore the role and mechanisms of PEC in protecting against AILI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The hepatoprotective benefits of PEC were studied using a mouse model and HepG2 cells. PEC was tested for its effects by injecting it intraperitoneally before APAP administration. To assess liver damage, histological and biochemical tests were performed. The levels of inflammatory factors in the liver were measured using RT-PCR and ELISA. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of a panel of key proteins involved in APAP metabolism, as well as Nrf2 and PPARα. PEC mechanisms on AILI were investigated using HepG2 cells, while the Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) and PPARα inhibitor (GW6471) were used to validate the importance of either Nrf2 and PPARα in the hepatoprotective effects of PEC. RESULTS PEC treatment decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in the liver. PEC pretreatment increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) while decreasing malondialdehyde production (MDA). PEC could also up-regulate two important APAP detoxification enzymes (UGT1A1 and SULT1A1). Further research revealed that PEC reduced hepatic oxidative damage and inflammation, and up-regulated APAP detoxification enzymes in hepatocytes by activating the Nrf2 and PPARα signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS PEC ameliorates AILI by decreasing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation while increasing phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes related to APAP harmless metabolism through activation of Nrf2 and PPARα signaling. Hence, PEC may serve as a promising therapeutic drug against AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Organ Transplantation; Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Organ Transplantation; Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yadi Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Organ Transplantation; Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Organ Transplantation; Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Organ Transplantation; Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Curcumin and Andrographolide Co-Administration Safely Prevent Steatosis Induction and ROS Production in HepG2 Cell Line. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031261. [PMID: 36770927 PMCID: PMC9919300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging chronic liver disease worldwide. Curcumin and andrographolide are famous for improving hepatic functions, being able to reverse oxidative stress and release pro-inflammatory cytokines, and they are implicated in hepatic stellate cell activation and in liver fibrosis development. Thus, we tested curcumin and andrographolide separately and in combination to determine their effect on triglyceride accumulation and ROS production, identifying the differential expression of genes involved in fatty liver and oxidative stress development. In vitro steatosis was induced in HepG2 cells and the protective effect of curcumin, andrographolide, and their combination was observed evaluating cell viability, lipid and triglyceride content, ROS levels, and microarray differential gene expression. Curcumin, andrographolide, and their association were effective in reducing steatosis, triglyceride content, and ROS stress, downregulating the genes involved in lipid accumulation. Moreover, the treatments were able to protect the cytotoxic effect of steatosis, promoting the expression of survival and anti-inflammatory genes. The present study showed that the association of curcumin and andrographolide could be used as a therapeutic approach to counter high lipid content and ROS levels in steatosis liver, avoiding the possible hepatotoxic effect of curcumin. Furthermore, this study improved our understanding of the antisteatosis and hepatoprotective properties of a curcumin and andrographolide combination.
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Chilvery S, Yelne A, Khurana A, Saifi MA, Bansod S, Anchi P, Godugu C. Acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity: An overview of the promising protective effects of natural products and herbal formulations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154510. [PMID: 36332383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver plays an important role in regulating the metabolic processes and is the most frequently targeted organ by toxic chemicals. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a well-known anti-allergic, anti-pyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which upon overdose leads to hepatotoxicity, the major adverse event of this over-the-counter drug. PURPOSE APAP overdose induced acute liver injury is the second most common cause that often requires liver transplantation worldwide, for which N-acetyl cysteine is the only synthetic drug clinically approved as an antidote. So, it was felt that there is a need for the novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver diseases with less adverse effects. This review provides detailed analysis of the different plant extracts; phytochemicals and herbal formulations for the amelioration of APAP-induced liver injury. METHOD The data was collected using different online resources including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and Web of Science using keywords given below. RESULTS Over the past decades various reports have revealed that plant-based approaches may be a better treatment choice for the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in pre-clinical experimental conditions. Moreover, herbal compounds provide several advantages over the synthetic drugs with fewer side effects, easy availability and less cost for the treatment of life-threatening diseases. CONCLUSION The current review summarizes the hepatoprotective effects and therapeutic mechanisms of various plant extracts, active phytoconstituents and herbal formulations with potential application against APAP induced hepatotoxicity as the numbers of hepatoprotective natural products are more without clinical relativity. Further, pre-clinical pharmacological research will contribute to the designing of natural products as medicines with encouraging prospects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrilekha Chilvery
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Yelne
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sapana Bansod
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pratibha Anchi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Wang XH, Xu DQ, Chen YY, Yue SJ, Fu RJ, Huang L, Tang YP. Traditional Chinese Medicine: A promising strategy to regulate inflammation, intestinal disorders and impaired immune function due to sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952938. [PMID: 36188532 PMCID: PMC9523403 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is described as a dysregulation of the immune response to infection, which leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. The interaction between intestinal microbiota and sepsis can't be ignored. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota may regulate the progress of sepsis and attenuate organ damage. Thus, maintaining or restoring microbiota may be a new way to treat sepsis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumes a significant part in the treatment of sepsis through multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-targeting abilities. Moreover, TCM can prevent the progress of sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis by improving the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, improving immunity and reducing the damage to the intestinal barrier. This paper expounds the interaction between intestinal microbiota and sepsis, then reviews the current research on the treatment of sepsis with TCM, to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ding-Qiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
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