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Xu X, Wang Q, Tong P, Li X, Meng X, Wu Y, Yuan J, Chen H, Gao J. Effects of medicine food homologous materials on food allergy-associated factors: intestinal oxidative stress, intestinal inflammation and Th2 immune response. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3936-3946. [PMID: 38268027 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergies could be regulated via Th1/Th2 balance, intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation, which were considered as food allergy-associated factors. Medicine-food homologous materials (MFHM) were considered as a significant factor with respect to preventing human diseases. To evaluate the associations between MFHM and food allergy-associated factors, two types of MFHM with the remarkable function of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, Gardeniae fructus (Gar) and Sophorae glos (Sop), were chosen. RESULTS By constructing an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model of Caco-2 cells and an intestinal inflammatory cell model of Caco-2 cells with tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-13, the contents of anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD and GSH), inflammatory factor (IL-8) and tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, occludin and claudin-1) in Caco-2 cells were determined. Moreover, the anti-allergic effects of digestive Sop and Gar were evaluated by measuring the levels of Th1/Th2/Treg cytokines in the spleen cells of sensitized mice. The results showed that the SOD and GSH were obviously increased and the gene and protein expression of IL-8 and claudin-1 were improved with the incubation of digested Sop. Th2 cytokine was reduced and Th1/Th2 balance was promoted on coincubation with ovalbumin (OVA) and digested Sop in the splenocytes. However, the digested Gar had no effect. CONCLUSION The digested Sop not only had suppressive effects on intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation, but also had regulative effects on Th1/Th2 balance. This finding demonstrated that not all of the MFHM with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects have anti-allergic activities. The present study may be contributing toward establishing a screening model to identify the anti-allergic MFHM. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuanyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
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Heimfarth L, Dos Santos KS, Monteiro BS, de Souza Oliveira AK, Coutinho HDM, Menezes IRA, Dos Santos MRV, de Souza Araújo AA, Picot L, de Oliveira Júnior RG, Grougnet R, de Souza Siqueira Quintans J, Quintans-Júnior LJ. The protective effects of naringenin, a citrus flavonoid, non-complexed or complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin against multiorgan damage caused by neonatal endotoxemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130500. [PMID: 38428770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endotoxemia is a severe and dangerous clinical syndrome that results in elevated morbidity, especially in intensive care units. Neonates are particularly susceptible to endotoxemia due to their immature immune systems. There are few effective treatments for neonatal endotoxemia. One group of compounds with potential in the treatment of neonatal inflammatory diseases such as endotoxemia is the flavonoids, mainly due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Among these, naringenin (NGN) is a citrus flavonoid which has already been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive and anti-cancer effects. Unfortunately, its clinical application is limited by its low solubility and bioavailability. However, cyclodextrins (CDs) have been widely used to improve the solubility of nonpolar drugs and enhance the bioavailability of these natural products. OBJECTIVE We, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of NGN non-complexed and complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) on neonatal endotoxemia injuries in a rodent model and describe the probable molecular mechanisms involved in NGN activities. METHOD We used exposure to a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce neonatal endotoxemia in the mice. RESULTS It was found that NGN (100 mg/kg i.p.) exposure during the neonatal period reduced leukocyte migration and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) levels in the lungs, heart, kidneys or cerebral cortex. In addition, NGN upregulated IL-10 production in the lungs and kidneys of neonate mice. The administration of NGN also enhanced antioxidant enzyme catalase and SOD activity, reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and increased the reduced sulfhydryl groups in an organ-dependent manner, attenuating the oxidative damage caused by LPS exposure. NGN decreased ERK1/2, p38MAPK and COX-2 activation in the lungs of neonate mice. Moreover, NGN complexed with HPβCD was able to increase the animal survival rate. CONCLUSION NGN attenuated inflammatory and oxidative damage in the lungs, heart and kidneys caused by neonatal endotoxemia through the MAPK signaling pathways regulation. Our results show that NGN has beneficial effects against neonatal endotoxemia and could be useful in the treatment of neonatal inflammatory injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Katielen Silvana Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Brenda Souza Monteiro
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Anne Karoline de Souza Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Departmento de Química Biológica, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laurent Picot
- UMR CNRS 7266 LIENSs, La Rochelle Université, 17042 La Rochelle, France
| | - Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie-UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; CiTCoM UMR 8038 CNRS, Faculté Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Grougnet
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie-UMR CNRS 8638, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assay (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP: 49100-000, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe CEP 49060-025, Brazil
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Yeh KW, Huang TH, Liou CJ. Protective effects of myricetin on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in ovalbumin-induced asthma mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109485. [PMID: 37844766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Myricetin, a flavonoid isolated from many edible vegetables and fruits, has multiple biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Myricetin could inhibit mast cell degranulation in vitro, and it reduced the eosinophil content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. However, it remains unclear whether myricetin alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in asthma. Here, we investigated whether myricetin attenuated AHR, airway inflammation, and eosinophil infiltration in lungs of asthmatic mice. Mice were sensitized with OVA, then injected intraperitoneally with myricetin to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of myricetin. Moreover, we examined its effects on human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells stimulated with TNF-α and IL-4, in vitro. Myricetin effectively mitigated eosinophil infiltration, AHR, and goblet cell hyperplasia in lung, and it reduced Th2 cytokine expression in BALF from asthmatic mice. Myricetin effectively promoted glutathione and superoxide dismutase productions and mitigated malondialdehyde expressions in mice by promoting Nrf2/HO-1 expression. Myricetin also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, eotaxins, and reactive oxygen species in BEAS-2B cells. Myricetin effectively suppressed ICAM-1 expression in inflammatory BEAS-2B cells, which suppressed monocyte cell adherence. These results suggested that myricetin could effectively improve asthma symptoms, mainly through blocking Th2-cell activation, which reduced oxidative stress, AHR, and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Qian M, Lyu J, Da X, Zhu C, Wang G, Fang Y, Xu J. Distinct immunoreactions after a primary tumor microwave ablation using different heating parameters in a VX2 tumor model. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1620-1626. [PMID: 38156930 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_502_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermal ablation of solid tumors in situ can activate the immune system and produce a specific immune response against the tumor. Microwave ablation (MWA) with different parameters can ablate tumors with similar sizes and cause different local inflammatory effects. Our aim was to determine the immunological effects induced by different energy modes of MWA for a primary tumor. METHODS Seventy rabbits with VX2 tumors that were implanted subcutaneously underneath the right second nipple were treated with high-power MWA (40 W for 1 min), low-power MWA (20 W for 2 min), or surgical resection or were left without treatment (control). Survival time was evaluated by log-rank test. On day 14 after ablation, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the T-cell immune responses. In addition, the cytokine patterns were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Tumor eradication was achieved completely in the MWA groups, as proven by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase staining. Compared with the three treatment groups, the control group had a significantly higher number of pulmonary metastases and worse survival; however, no significant difference was observed among the three treatment groups. More intra-tumoral and systemic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were induced in the MWA groups than in the control group. Compared with operation, MWA induced more systemic CD4+ T-cells. More intra-tumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and systemic CD4+ T-cells were induced by high-power MWA than by low-power MWA. Moreover, MWA increased the interleukin 2 (IL2) and IL12 levels and decreased the IL4, IL6, and IL10 levels. Importantly, the serum IL12 level was significantly higher after high-power MWA than after low-power MWA. CONCLUSION High-power MWA enhanced the type 1 T helper immune response and may be selected for the treatment of solid tumors. Future studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Qian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated JiangNing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Lyu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Da
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Vergara A, De Felice M, Cesaro A, Gragnano F, Pariggiano I, Golia E, De Pasquale A, Blasi E, Fimiani F, Monda E, Limongelli G, Calabrò P. Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis: Where We Are and Where We Will Go. Angiology 2023:33197231201929. [PMID: 37699402 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231201929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are specific monoclonal antibodies directed against inhibitory targets of the immune system, mainly represented by programmed death-1 (PD1) ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), thus enabling an amplified T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. These drugs have significantly improved prognosis in patients with advanced metastatic cancer (e.g., melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma). However, uncontrolled activation of anti-tumor T-cells could trigger an excessive immune response, possibly responsible for multi-organ damage, including, among others, lymphocytic myocarditis. The incidence of ICIs-induced myocarditis is underestimated and the patients affected are poorly characterized. The diagnosis and management of this condition are mainly based on expert opinion and case reports. EKG and ultrasound are tests that can help identify patients at risk of myocarditis during treatment by red flags, such as QRS complex enlargement and narrowing of global longitudinal strain (GLS). Therapy of ICI-related myocarditis is based on immunosuppressors, monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins. A future strategy could involve the use of microRNAs. This review considers the current state of the art of immune-related adverse cardiovascular events, focusing on histological and clinical features, diagnosis and management, including current treatments and future pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vergara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Marco De Felice
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Oncology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Ivana Pariggiano
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Enrica Golia
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio De Pasquale
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Ettore Blasi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Unit of Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, A.O.R.N. Dei Colli "V. Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Monda
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Unit of Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, A.O.R.N. Dei Colli "V. Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Unit of Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, A.O.R.N. Dei Colli "V. Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', Caserta, Italy
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Lu Q, Hu Y, Nabi F, Li Z, Janyaro H, Zhu W, Liu J. Effect of Penthorum Chinense Pursh Compound on AFB1-Induced Immune Imbalance via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Spleen of Broiler Chicken. Vet Sci 2023; 10:521. [PMID: 37624308 PMCID: PMC10459701 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) is the main secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus, which is highly toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. It can induce immune imbalance in animals or humans. Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used as a hepatoprotective drug with a long history in China. Based on the theory of traditional Chinese Medicine, we prepared Penthorum chinense Pursh Compound (PCPC) by combining four herbal medicines: 5 g Penthorum chinense Pursh, 5 g Radix bupleuri, 1 g Artemisia capillaris Thunb and 1 g Radix glycyrrhizae. The role of the Penthorum chinense Pursh Compound (PCPC) in preventing AFB1-induced immune imbalance in broiler chickens was studied. A total of 180 broiler chickens were equally distributed in six groups: controls, AFB1, YCHD and high-, medium- and low-dose PCPC treatment groups. After 28 days, broilers were anesthetized, and serum spleen and thymus samples were collected for analysis. Results show that AFB1 significantly increased and decreased the relative organ weight of the spleen and thymus, respectively. Pathological section of hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) stained spleen sections showed that AFB1 resulted in splenic tissue damage. Both the serum levels of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) were suppressed in the AFB1 group. IL-6 was elevated in the AFB1 group. The balance between pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4) was disturbed by AFB1. The apoptosis-related protein and JAK/STAT pathway-related gene expression indicated that AFB1-induced apoptosis via JAK/STAT pathway. PCPC has proven its immunoprotective effects by preventing AFB1-induced immune imbalance. PCPC can be applied as a novel immune-modulating medicine in broiler chickens. It can be applied as a novel immune modulator in veterinary clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lu
- Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China;
| | - Yu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (Y.H.); (F.N.); (Z.L.)
- Wanzhou District Livestock Industry Development Center, Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Fazul Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (Y.H.); (F.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (Y.H.); (F.N.); (Z.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Habibullah Janyaro
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan;
| | - Wenyan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (Y.H.); (F.N.); (Z.L.)
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Dembogurski DSDO, Bonfá IS, Candeloro L, Parisotto EB, Toffoli Kadri MC, Silva DB. Infusion from Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae) leaves exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic activities without toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116251. [PMID: 36791930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Miconia albicans have been extensively used as a traditional medicine to treat inflammation, infection, arthritis, joint pain, and analgesia, which can be purchased easily. Nevertheless, the scientific evidence of chemical profile identification and toxicity investigation is meager. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to determine the chemical profile of Miconia albicans aqueous extract (MAAE), to investigate its anti-inflammatory and hyperalgesic effects, and toxicity (acute and repeated-dose oral) in vivo studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS MAAE was obtained by infusion method and its chemical constituents were analyzed and annotated by LC-DAD-MS. The in vivo tests were performed with male and female Swiss mice. Toxicity studies were examined by acute (2000 mg/kg) and repeated-dose oral assays (51.2; 256; 1280 mg/kg); anti-inflammatory evaluation was performed by paw edema and leukocyte migration, and anti-hyperalgesic properties were analyzed by abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and formalin. The animals were treated by oral means with 51.2, 256, and 1280 mg/kg of MAAE. RESULTS Twenty-four compounds were annotated from MAAE by LC-DAD-MS, such as ellagitannins, ellagic acid derivatives, flavan-3-ol, and O-glycosylated compounds, including flavonols, triterpenes, and megastigmanes. MAAE induced no significant toxicological effects in the acute and repeated-dose oral assays at lower doses and no histological changes were observed. Hematological and biochemical showed no significant alterations. The oral administration of MAAE 256 mg/kg inhibited the edematogenic effect and reduced the leukocyte migration. In addition, MAAE decreased the abdominal writhings induced by acetic acid and the paw-licking time by formalin assay. CONCLUSION MAAE showed a significant reduction in inflammatory levels and leukocyte migration, revealing anti-hyperalgesic properties. Additionally, MAAE revealed no acute and repeated-doses toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djaceli Sampaio de Oliveira Dembogurski
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Iluska Senna Bonfá
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Inflammation, FACFAN/ Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciane Candeloro
- Laboratory of Histology, Biosciences Institute (INBIO), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto
- Laboratory of Hematology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mônica Cristina Toffoli Kadri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Inflammation, FACFAN/ Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030663. [PMID: 36978911 PMCID: PMC10045397 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They have received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine and have been widely used in traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such complimentary medical herbal formulations are extremely complex mixtures of many pharmacologically active compounds that provide a therapeutic outcome through a network pharmacological effects of considerable complexity. Methods are emerging to determine the active components used in complimentary medicine and their therapeutic targets and to decipher the complexities of how network pharmacology provides such therapeutic effects. The gut microbiome has important roles to play in the generation of bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the intact flavonoid and, in some cases, new antitumor and antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items have been identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting that neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed to preserve a healthy population of bacterial symbiont species and minimize the establishment of harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an important consideration effecting the overall health and wellbeing of linked organ systems. Bioconversion of dietary flavonoid components in the gut generates therapeutic metabolites that can also be transported by the vagus nerve and systemic circulation to brain cell populations to exert a beneficial effect. This is particularly important in a number of neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized by effects on moods, resulting in depression and anxiety, impaired motor function, and long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids have many beneficial properties in the alleviation of inflammation in tissues, however, concerns have been raised that therapeutic levels of flavonoids may not be achieved, thus allowing them to display optimal therapeutic effects. Dietary manipulation and vagal stimulation have both yielded beneficial responses in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, depression, and anxiety, establishing the vagal nerve as a route of communication in the gut-brain axis with established roles in disease intervention. While a number of native flavonoids are beneficial in the treatment of neurological disorders and are known to penetrate the blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated flavonoid metabolites (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of the native flavonoid in addition to bioactive properties that promote mitochondrial health and cerebrovascular microcapillary function, should also be considered as potential biotherapeutic agents. Studies are warranted to experimentally examine the efficacy of flavonoid metabolites directly, as they emerge as novel therapeutic options.
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Tran THM, Mi XJ, Huh JE, Aditi Mitra P, Kim YJ. Cirsium japonicum var. maackii fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus induces immunostimulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells, splenocytes and CTX-immunosuppressed mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
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10
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Chamani S, Moossavi M, Naghizadeh A, Abbasifard M, Kesharwani P, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Modulatory properties of curcumin in cancer: A narrative review on the role of interferons. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1003-1014. [PMID: 36744753 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune network is an effective network of cell types and chemical compounds established to maintain the body's homeostasis from foreign threats and to prevent the risk of a wide range of diseases; hence, its proper functioning and balance are essential. A dysfunctional immune system can contribute to various disorders, including cancer. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in molecules that can modulate the immune network. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric, is one of these herbal remedies with many beneficial effects, including modulation of immunity. Curcumin is beneficial in managing various chronic inflammatory conditions, improving brain function, lowering cardiovascular disease risk, prevention and management of dementia, and prevention of aging. Several clinical studies have supported this evidence, suggesting curcumin to have an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory function; nevertheless, its mechanism of action is still not clear. In the current review, we aim to explore the modulatory function of curcumin through interferons in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Chamani
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Gandhi SR, Gandhi GR, Antony PJ, Hillary VE, Ceasar SA, Hariharan G, Liu Y, Gurgel RQ, Quintans JDSS, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Health functions and related molecular mechanisms of Miconia genus: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14609. [PMID: 36967930 PMCID: PMC10036935 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Miconia genus is traditionally used in folk medicine in Brazil and other tropical American countries and is represented by 282 species in this region. It is a multifaceted genus of medicinal plants widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), pain, inflammatory diseases, and many more therapeutic applications. In the present study, we systematically identify and discuss the literature on in vivo and in vitro studies focusing on the therapeutic potentials and related molecular mechanisms of the Miconia genus. The review also assessed phytochemicals and their pharmacological properties and considered safety concerns related to the genus. Literature searches to identify studies on the Miconia genus were carried out through four main electronic databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science limited to Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) and Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DCS) (Health Sciences Descriptors) to identify studies published up to December 2022. The relevant information about the genus was gathered using the keywords 'Miconia', 'biological activities', 'therapeutic mechanisms', 'animal model, 'cell-line model', 'antinociceptive', 'hyperalgesia', 'anti-inflammatory', and 'inflammation'. The therapeutic potentials and mechanisms of action of 14 species from genus Miconia were examined in 18 in vitro studies and included their anti-inflammatory, anticancer, analgesic, antibacterial, cytotoxic, mutagenic, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antinociceptive, schistosomicidal, and anti-osteoarthritis potentials, and in eight in vivo studies, assessing their analgesic, antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-osteoarthritis activities. Some of the main related molecular mechanisms identified are the modulation of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as the inhibition of inflammatory mediators and prostaglandin synthesis. The limited number of studies showed that commonly available species from the genus Miconia are safe for consumption. Miconia albicans Sw.Triana and Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC was the most frequently used species and showed significant efficacy and potential for developing safe drugs to treat pain and inflammation.
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Investigation of the Underlying Mechanism of Huangqi-Dangshen for Myasthenia Gravis Treatment via Molecular Docking and Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:5301024. [PMID: 36818231 PMCID: PMC9935813 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5301024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The herbal pairing of Huangqi and Dangshen (HD) is traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been widely used in China, especially to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). However, the mechanism of HD on MG is unclear. Aim of the Study. This study aims to investigate HD's possible role in MG treatment. Materials and Methods. The TCMSP database was used to identify the active chemicals and their targets. The GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases were used to search for MG-related targets. The STRING database was employed in order to identify the common PPI network targets. We next utilised Cytoscape 3.8.2 for target identification and the DAVID database for gene ontology (GO) function analysis as well as Encyclopaedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis on the selected targets. The AutoDock Vina software was used to test the affinity of essential components with the hub gene before concluding that the primary targets were corrected through molecular docking. Results. 41 active compounds were screened from HD, and the number of putative-identified target genes screened from HD was 112. There were 21 target genes that overlapped with the targets of MG, which were postulated to be potential treatment targets. Through further analysis, the results showed that the active compounds from HD (such as 7-methoxy-2-methylisoflavone, quercetin, luteolin, Kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) may achieve the purpose of treating MG by acting on some core targets and related pathways (such as EGFR, FOS, ESR2, MYC, ESR1, CASP3, and IL-6). Molecular docking findings demonstrated that these active molecules have a near-perfect ability to attach to the primary targets. Conclusion. Through network pharmacology, the findings in this study provide light on the coordinated action of several HD formula components, targets, and pathways. It provided a theoretical basis for further study of HD pharmacological action.
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Lewis JE, Reginald McDaniel H, Woolger JM, Khan SA. The Characterization of the Th1/Th2 Ratio in Moderate-Severe Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Its Response to an Aloe Polymannose-Based Dietary Supplement. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1723-1737. [PMID: 38007658 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading killer of Americans, imparting a tremendous societal toll. Relationships between immune function and inflammation with cognition are well-established in AD, but the Th1/Th2 ratio of immune function is unknown. Describing the Th1/Th2 ratio and its relationship with cognition may shed light on the disease's clinical context. How the Th1/Th2 ratio responds to dietary supplementation is another unknown question in this population. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to: 1) characterize the Th1/Th2 ratio according to IL-2/IL-10, IFN-γ/IL-10, IL-2/IL-4, IFN-γ/IL-4, IL-2/TNF-α, and IFN-γ/TNF-α in subjects with moderate-to-severe AD and in comparison to healthy adults; 2) investigate the effect of an aloe polymannose multinutrient complex (APMC) dietary supplement on the Th1/Th2 ratios over 12 months; and 3) compare the changes in the Th1/Th2 ratios with the changes in cognition from baseline to 12 months. METHODS Subjects consumed 2.5 g of the APMC four times per day for 12 months, and they were assessed on cognition and cytokines at baseline and 12 months. RESULTS The Th1/Th2 ratios in AD patients were significantly higher than the healthy controls, and five of the six ratios decreased from baseline to 12 months follow-up (other than IL-2/TNF-α). Several significant relationships were noted between the changes in Th1/Th2 ratios with cognitive assessments. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed an overall rebalancing of the Th1/Th2 ratio in response to APMC, these changes were related to improved cognition in subjects with moderate-to-severe AD, and the APMC supplement was safely tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Judi M Woolger
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sher Ali Khan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Wang L, Wang Z, Yang Z, Wang X, Yan L, Wu J, Liu Y, Fu B, Yang H. Potential common mechanism of four Chinese patent medicines recommended by diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID-19 in medical observation period. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:874611. [PMID: 36388945 PMCID: PMC9643314 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.874611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The global epidemic has been controlled to some extent, while sporadic outbreaks still occur in some places. It is essential to summarize the successful experience and promote the development of new drugs. This study aimed to explore the common mechanism of action of the four Chinese patent medicine (CPMs) recommended in the Medical Observation Period COVID-19 Diagnostic and Treatment Protocol and to accelerate the new drug development process. Firstly, the active ingredients and targets of the four CPMs were obtained by the Chinese medicine composition database (TCMSP, TCMID) and related literature, and the common action targets of the four TCMs were sorted out. Secondly, the targets of COVID-19 were obtained through the gene-disease database (GeneCards, NCBI). Then the Venn diagram was used to intersect the common drug targets with the disease targets. And GO and KEGG pathway functional enrichment analysis was performed on the intersected targets with the help of the R package. Finally, the results were further validated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics analysis. As a result, a total of 101 common active ingredients and 21 key active ingredients of four CPMs were obtained, including quercetin, luteolin, acacetin, kaempferol, baicalein, naringenin, artemisinin, aloe-emodin, which might be medicinal substances for the treatment of COVID-19. TNF, IL6, IL1B, CXCL8, CCL2, IL2, IL4, ICAM1, IFNG, and IL10 has been predicted as key targets. 397 GO biological functions and 166 KEGG signaling pathways were obtained. The former was mainly enriched in regulating apoptosis, inflammatory response, and T cell activation. The latter, with 92 entries related to COVID-19, was mainly enriched to signaling pathways such as Coronavirus disease-COVID-19, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that 19/21 of key active ingredients exhibited strong binding activity to recognized COVID-19-related targets (3CL of SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, and S protein), even better than one of these four antiviral drugs. Among them, shinflavanone had better affinity to 3CL, ACE2, and S protein of SARS-CoV-2 than these four antiviral drugs. In summary, the four CPMs may play a role in the treatment of COVID-19 by binding flavonoids such as quercetin, luteolin, and acacetin to target proteins such as ACE2, 3CLpro, and S protein and acting on TNF, IL6, IL1B, CXCL8, and other targets to participate in broad-spectrum antiviral, immunomodulatory and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheyi Wang
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingwang Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianxiong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Baohui Fu
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Liu F, Wei B, Cheng L, Zhao Y, Liu X, Yuan Q, Liang H. Co-Immobilizing Two Glycosidases Based on Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates to Enhance Enzymatic Properties for Achieving High Titer Icaritin Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11631-11642. [PMID: 36044714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Icaritin is a rare and high-value isopentane flavonoid compound with remarkable activities. Increasing yields while reducing cost has been a great challenge in icaritin production. Herein, we first reported a high titer icaritin biosynthesis strategy from epimedin C through co-immobilizing α-l-rhamnosidase (Rha1) and β-glucosidase (Glu4) using cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The created CLEAs exhibited excellent performances in terms of catalytic activity, thermal stability, pH stability, and reusability. Notably, Rha1-CLEAs (Ki: 1 M) and Glu4-CLEAs (Ki: 0.1 M) were more tolerant to sugars (glucose or rhamnose) than free enzymes (0.1 M for Rha1 and 0.007 M for Glu4) by immobilization, achieving the highest icaritin productivity under the highest substrate concentration ever reported. Finally, about 34.24 g/L icaritin could be obtained from 100 g/L epimedin C within 8 h, indicating the great potential for industrialization. This study also provides a promising strategy for the low-cost production of other high-value aglycone compounds by solving poor stability and sugar inhibition of glycosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Leiyu Cheng
- Zhejiang NHU Company Ltd., Xinchang County 312500, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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Huo JL, Fu WJ, Liu ZH, Lu N, Jia XQ, Liu ZS. Research advance of natural products in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:972345. [PMID: 36159787 PMCID: PMC9494295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.972345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a novel anti-tumor treatment. Despite significant breakthroughs, cancer immunotherapy remains focused on several types of tumors that are sensitive to the immune system. Therefore, effective strategies to expand its indications and improve its efficacy become key factors for the further development of cancer immunotherapy. In recent decades, the anticancer activities of natural products are reported to have this effect on cancer immunotherapy. And the mechanism is largely attributed to the remodeling of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. The compelling data highlight that natural products offer an alternative method option to improve immune function in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, more attention is being paid to the discovery of new potential modulators of tumor immunotherapy from natural products. In this review, we describe current advances in employing natural products and natural small-molecule drugs targeting immune cells to avoid tumor immune escape, which may bring some insight for guiding tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Huo
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jia Fu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Han Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Lu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Nan Lu, ; Xiang-Qian Jia, ; Zhang-Suo Liu,
| | - Xiang-Qian Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Lu, ; Xiang-Qian Jia, ; Zhang-Suo Liu,
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Lu, ; Xiang-Qian Jia, ; Zhang-Suo Liu,
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Yang HJ, Jeong SJ, Ryu MS, Ha G, Jeong DY, Park YM, Lee HY, Bae JS. Protective effect of traditional Korean fermented soybean foods ( doenjang) on a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. Food Funct 2022; 13:8616-8626. [PMID: 35894596 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The cause of ulcerative colitis (UC) is unknown, and the use of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs with certain side effects is currently replacing treatment. Therefore, it is important to find new healthy foods or ingredients that exhibit potential protective and anti-inflammatory effects on UC. This study investigated the potential protective effect of doenjang on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model. Materials and methods: Four doenjang samples (TCD21-51-1, TCD21-55-1, TMD21-16-1, and TFD21-1-1) were used. To examine the effects of the four doenjang samples on UC caused by DSS in a mouse model, the clinical symptoms of UC, such as body weight, disease activity index (DAI), and colon macroscopic damage index (CMDI) were analyzed. Moreover, immune-related blood cell counts, serum levels and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) production were measured in DSS-induced UC in mice for analysis. Results: The four doenjang samples increased the colon length shortened by DSS, reduced DAI (diarrhea and hemoccult), CMDI (ulceration, inflammation, and hemorrhage) and the content of immune-related cells in the blood. Moreover, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and NO increased by DSS were decreased by doenjang, and tissue damage was significantly reduced. Conclusions: These findings confirmed that doenjang exerts protective effects against UC, suggesting its possible use in developing therapeutic strategies or functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jong Yang
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang, Jeonbuk, 56048, Korea
| | - Su-Ji Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang, Jeonbuk, 56048, Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Ryu
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang, Jeonbuk, 56048, Korea
| | - Gwangsu Ha
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang, Jeonbuk, 56048, Korea
| | - Do-Youn Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang, Jeonbuk, 56048, Korea
| | - Young Mi Park
- INVIVO Co. Ltd., Deahak-ro, 121, Nonsan, Chungnam, 32992, Korea
| | - Hak Yong Lee
- INVIVO Co. Ltd., Deahak-ro, 121, Nonsan, Chungnam, 32992, Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Korea.
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Lee JY, Park SH, Jhee KH, Yang SA. Zizania latifolia and Its Major Compound Tricin Regulate Immune Responses in OVA-Treated Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27133978. [PMID: 35807220 PMCID: PMC9268014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27133978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricin, a flavone belonging to the Gramineae family, has been confirmed to be the primary compound in a Zizania latifolia extract (ZLE) that prevents allergies. Various allergic reactions occur because of the unbalanced differentiation of T help cells (Th) and the consequent overproduction of IgE. Therefore, the regulation of Th1 and Th2 responses by T helper cell differentiation is essential for suppressing allergic responses. This study confirmed the immunomodulatory effects of ZLE and the major compound tricin in an OVA-sensitized mouse model. The IgE and OVA-specific production of tricin and ZLE in plasma were investigated in OVA-sensitized mice. The effects of tricin and ZLE on the amount of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and transcription factors released in splenocytes were investigated in OVA-sensitized mice. The skin roughness and the number of mast cells were confirmed by staining the skin surface with H&E and toluidine blue. Tricin and ZLE reduced the plasma IgE and OVA-specific-IgE levels significantly compared to the OVA group. On the other hand, tricin and ZLE promoted the release of the Th1 cytokines IL-12 and IFN-γ and inhibited the release of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, -10, -13, and -5) in OVA-sensitized mice. Tricin and ZLE induced T-bet and NFATc2 expression, and-down regulated GATA-3 levels. The skin roughness and the number of mast cells decreased in the OVA-immunized mice. Overall, the data indicate that tricin and ZLE may prevent allergy-related diseases through immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yeul Lee
- Institute of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.P.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea;
| | - Se-Ho Park
- Institute of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.P.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hwan Jhee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea;
| | - Seun-Ah Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-580-5117
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Gandhi GR, Antony PJ, Lana MJMDP, da Silva BFX, Oliveira RV, Jothi G, Hariharan G, Mohana T, Gan RY, Gurgel RQ, Cipolotti R, Quintans LJ. Natural products modulating interleukins and other inflammatory mediators in tumor-bearing animals: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154038. [PMID: 35358934 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation. Natural products are a potentially important source for bioactive phytochemicals in the management of cancer, which regulate a broad range of biological events via the modulation of interleukins (ILs), pro- and anti-inflammatory modulators, and other cancer hallmark-mediated signaling pathways. PURPOSE To systematically review the literature to identify in vivo studies investigating the anticancer properties of medicinal plants and natural molecules as modulators of ILs and their related pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling markers in tumor-bearing animals. METHODS Articles published in English were searched, without any constraint in respect of countries. The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for the literature search for studies published between January 2010 and January 2022. The search terms used included medicinal plants, anticancer, antineoplasic agent, ILs, cytokine, and their combinations. A manual search to detect any articles not found in the databases was also made. The identified studies were then critically reviewed and relevant data were extracted and summarized. RESULTS Natural products were found to modulate ILs, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-12, and interferon gamma; increase tissue inhibitor metalloprotease; decrease vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and nuclear factor kappa B; augment immunity by increasing the major histocompatibility complexes II and CD4+, cluster of differentiation 8 + T cell and class II trans-activator expression; and heighten the action of antioxidant enzymes, which are involved in the detoxification of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION Natural products discussed in this review show great potential to regulate ILs and weaken associated pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling markers in tumor-bearing animals. Flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids and tannins are important phytochemicals in the modulation of ILs, especially pro-inflammatory ones. However, in terms of future research, the importance of clinical trials to investigate their beneficial properties should be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Vieira Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindasamy Hariharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiruchenduran Mohana
- Department of Biochemistry, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur 600069, Chennai, India
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Cipolotti
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento Campus, Aracaju, Sergipe 49060-108, Brazil.
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20
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Park YM, Lee HY, Shin DY, Kim DS, Yoo JJ, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Bae JS. Immune-Enhancing Effects of Co-treatment With Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner Leaf Extract in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rat Model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:898417. [PMID: 35662944 PMCID: PMC9161550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.898417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immune system disorders can result in various pathological conditions, such as infections and cancer. Identifying therapies that enhance the immune response might be crucial for immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, we assessed the immune-enhancing effect of co-treatment with Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner leaf extract (KPNN) in a cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Materials and Methods For in vitro studies, macrophages and splenocytes were treated with various KPNN doses in the presence or absence of Cy. Macrophage viability, nitric oxide production, splenocyte viability, cytokine production and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed. For in vivo studies, analysis of weekly body weight, dietary intake, tissue weight, immune-related blood cell count, cytokine levels, and spleen biopsy was performed in a Cy-induced immunocompromised animal model. Results KPNN significantly increased phospho-NF-κB and phospho-ERK protein levels and cell viability in macrophages. KPNN significantly increased the NK cell activity in splenocytes compared to that in the control. Cy treatment decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-γ production. In the Cy-induced immunosuppression rat model, KPNN-treated rats had significantly higher body weights and tissue weights than the Cy-treated rats. Additionally, KPNN treatment restored the immune-related factors, such as total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and intermediate cell contents, to their normal levels in the blood. The blood cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased, and spleen tissue damage was significantly alleviated. Conclusions Collectively, KPNN exerts an immune-enhancing effect suggesting their potential as an immunostimulatory agent or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dae Sung Kim
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Yoo
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | | | - Min Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jun Sang Bae,
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21
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Wu Z, Cai Z, Shi H, Huang X, Cai M, Yuan K, Huang P, Shi G, Yan T, Li Z. Effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets of nerve-immunity interaction in the treatment of depression: an integrated investigation of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3569-3596. [PMID: 35468096 PMCID: PMC9085226 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an emotional condition that interferes with sufferers’ work and daily life. Numerous studies have found that miRNAs play a significant role in the development of MDD and can be utilized as a biomarker for its diagnosis and therapy. However, there have been few studies on nerve-immunity interaction treatment for the brains of MMD patients. Methods: The work is performed on microarray data. We analyzed the differences of miRNAs (GSE58105, GSE81152, GSE152267, and GSE182194) and mRNA (GSE19738, GSE32280, GSE44593, GSE53987, and GSE98793) in MDD and healthy samples from GEO datasets. FunRich was used to predict the transcription factors and target genes of the miRNAs, and TF and GO enrichment analyses were performed. Then, by comparing the differential expression of the anticipated target genes and five mRNAs, intersecting mRNAs were discovered. The intersecting genes were submitted to GO and KEGG analyses to determine their functions. These intersecting potential genes and pathways that linked to MDD in neurological and immunological aspects have been identified for future investigation. Results: We discovered five hub genes: KCND2, MYT1L, GJA1, CHL1, and SNAP25, which were all up-regulated genes. However, in MMD, the equivalent miRNAs, hsa-miR-206 and hsa-miR-338-3p, were both down-regulated. These miRNAs can activate or inhibit the T cell receptor signal pathway, JAK-STAT and other signal pathways, govern immune-inflammatory response, neuronal remodeling, and mediate the onset and development of MMD Conclusions: The results of a thorough bioinformatics investigation of miRNAs and mRNAs in MDD showed that miR-338-3P and miR-206 might be effective biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of MDD via nerve-immunity interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhixiang Cai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongshuo Shi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuyan Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minjie Cai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.,Shantou Health School, Shantou 515061, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Peidong Huang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guoqi Shi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
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22
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Naringenin Improves Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma in Rats through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9110798. [PMID: 35419072 PMCID: PMC9001106 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with eosinophilic inflammation and oxidative damages leading to airway obstruction. Naringenin is a phytochemical possessing strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities against chronic destructive conditions. The current study is devoted to evaluating naringenin's effects on the attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress in lung tissue in a rat model of ovalbumin-induced asthma. Male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups of six: normal control (NC, receiving 1 ml/day of normal saline, orally), asthmatic (AS, receiving ovalbumin (1 mg/mL), and alum (1 mg/mL in saline) on days 0 and 14. Then, on days 21, 22, and 23, they were sensitized with the inhalation of ovalbumin), AS treated with dexamethasone (AS, 1 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + D1], AS treated with naringenin (20 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + N20], and AS treated with naringenin (40 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + N40]. All the groups received associated drugs/agents for 28 days. Finally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were taken off from the animals. The eosinophil count in BALF and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), interleukin-13 and -4 (IL-13 and IL-4) levels were measured. Besides, the expression of urocortin (UCN) and surfactant protein-D (SP-D) were evaluated in the lung tissue using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting methods, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were utilized to conduct histopathological analysis. Naringenin treatment significantly reduced MDA, remarkably increased GSH, and meaningfully reduced IL-4 and IL-13 levels in lung tissue. The count of eosinophils in the BALF of AS + N20 and AS + N40 was significantly reduced in comparison with the AS group. The UCN and SP-D protein levels were significantly decreased in the AS + N20 and AS + N40 groups compared to the AS group, using the IHC and western blot methods, respectively. Histopathological analysis data also confirm the results. Naringenin improves the symptoms of allergic asthma through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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23
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CHEN TT, DU SL, WANG SJ, WU L, YIN L. Dahuang Zhechong pills inhibit liver cancer growth in a mouse model by reversing Treg/Th1 balance. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Pinto KB, Santos PHBD, Krause LC, Caramão EB, Bjerk TR. Preliminary prospection of phytotherapic compounds from the essential oils from barks and leaves of Umburana (Commiphora Leptophloeos). BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e21609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elina Bastos Caramão
- Universidade Tiradentes, Brasil; Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Brasil; INCT, Brasil
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25
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Xu W, Hu S. Administration of infectious bursal disease vaccine in Houhai acupoint promotes robust immune responses in chickens. Res Vet Sci 2021; 142:149-153. [PMID: 34990886 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate Houhai acupoint (HA) administration of infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccine in chickens and explore the underlying mechanisms. Chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups on average. Chickens in group 1 (Nape group) and group 2 (HA group) were immunized with IBD vaccine via subcutaneous injection in the nape and HA injection individually. Chickens without immunization in group 3 (Control group) served as controls. The levels of serum IgG and cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4) were determined by ELISA methods. Spleens of the chickens were separated for RNA-Seq analysis. Our results showed that immunization of IBD vaccine in HA induced significantly higher productions of IgG, IFN-γ and IL-4 than that in the nape. RNA-Seq analysis identified 444 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 3 canonical signaling pathways including ECM-receptor interaction, NOD-like and RIG-I like receptor signaling pathways in HA vs Control, which was different from that in Nape vs Control. Therefore, the different levels of the immune responses to IBD vaccine might be resulted from the activated molecules and pathways affected by the administration route. These findings might offer supports for the use of Houhai acupoint as an alternative administration route of vaccines in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Zhou K, Chen X, Zhang L, Yang Z, Zhu H, Guo D, Su R, Chen H, Li H, Song P, Xu X, Wang H, Zheng S, Xie H. Targeting peripheral immune organs with self-assembling prodrug nanoparticles ameliorates allogeneic heart transplant rejection. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3871-3882. [PMID: 34212503 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplantation has become a mainstay of therapy for patients with end-stage organ diseases. However, long-term administration of immunosuppressive agents, a scheme for improving the survival of transplant recipients, has been compromised by severe side effects and posttransplant complications. Therapeutic delivery targeting immune organs has the potential to address these unmet medical issues. Here, through screening of a small panel of mammalian target of rapamycin complex kinase inhibitor (TORKinib) compounds, a TORKinib PP242 is identified to be able to inhibit T cell function. Further chemical derivatization of PP242 using polyunsaturated fatty acids (i.e., docosahexaenoic acid) transforms this water-insoluble hydrophobic agent into a self-assembling nanoparticle (DHA-PP242 nanoparticle [DPNP]). Surface PEGylation of DPNP with amphiphilic copolymers renders the nanoparticles aqueously soluble for preclinical studies. Systemically administered DPNP shows tropism for macrophages within peripheral immune organs. Furthermore, DPNP regulates differentiation of adoptively transferred T cells in a macrophage-dependent manner in Rag1-/- mouse model. In an experimental model of heart transplantation, DPNP significantly extends the survival of grafts through inducing immune suppression, thus reducing the inflammatory response of the recipients. These findings suggest that targeted delivery of TORKinibs exploiting prodrug-assembled nanoparticle scaffolds may provide a therapeutic option against organ rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhentao Yang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danjing Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Su
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Penghong Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Sibeko L, Johns T, Cordeiro LS. Traditional plant use during lactation and postpartum recovery: Infant development and maternal health roles. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114377. [PMID: 34192598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evidence of phytochemical roles in infant development and maternal recovery offers insights into beneficial functions of traditional plant use during lactation and the postpartum period. Ethnopharmacological research has relevance to global priorities on maternal and child health, to understanding origins and determinants of human self-medication, and for reconciling traditional postpartum practices and mainstream healthcare. AIM OF THE STUDY Present emerging evidence, within evolutionary and socio-cultural contexts, on the role of maternal consumption on transfer of phytochemicals into breast milk with impacts on maternal and child health, and on infant development. Establish current state of knowledge and an ethnopharmacological research agenda that is attentive to cross-cultural and regional differences in postpartum plant use. MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive literature review using Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science focused on traditional and contemporary use and socio-cultural context, as well as physiological, pharmacological, toxicological, and behavioral activities of plants used medicinally by women during postpartum recovery and lactation. RESULTS The most widely reported postpartum plants show antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunological, and neurophysiological activities, with low toxicity. Phytochemicals transfer from maternal consumption into breast milk in physiological concentrations, while animal studies demonstrate immunomodulation and other actions of medicinal plants during lactation. Reporting on the use and diverse traditional knowledge of women about plants during the postpartum period is obscured by the marginal place of obstetric issues and by gender biases in ethnobotanical research. In many contemporary contexts use is prejudiced by precautionary risk warnings in health literature and practice that confound lactation with pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Although systematic investigation of postpartum plant use is lacking, known pharmacological activities support potential benefits on infant development and maternal health with immediate and long-term consequences in relation to allergic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and other diseases. An ethnopharmacological agenda focused on the perinatal period requires directed methodologies and a regional approach in relation to culturally-specific knowledge and practices, traditional plant use, and local health needs. Testing the hypothesis that phytochemicals transferred from medicinal plants into breast milk impact the human immune system and other aspects of infant development requires extended analysis of phytochemicals in human milk and infant lumen and plasma, as well as effects on gastrointestinal and milk microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Sibeko
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Timothy Johns
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Lorraine S Cordeiro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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28
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Wang K, Zhu H, Yang L, Xu Q, Ren F, Liu X. [Inhibition of the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway promotes homing of bone mesenchymal stem cells to improve asthma in rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1464-1472. [PMID: 34755661 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association of the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway with the homing of mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to regulate Th1/Th2 drift in asthma. METHODS Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, BMSC transplantation group, and BMSC+Notch inhibitor group. Ovalbumin sensitization was used to establish rat models of asthma, and BMSCs were transplanted via the tail vein. The pathology of the lung tissue was examined with HE staining, and the contents of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in lung tissue homogenate were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of Notch1 and Jagged1 mRNA were detected with RT-PCR, and CXCR4 expression in the bronchial epithelial cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining; Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of T-bet, GATA-3, Notch1, and Jagged1 in the lung tissue. RESULTS Compared with those in the control group, the expressions of IFN-γ and T-bet proteins decreased significantly and the pulmonary expressions of IL-5, IL-13, and GATA-3 proteins as well as Notch1 and Jagged1 mRNA and protein expressions all increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Compared with those in the model group, CXCR4, IFN-γ, and T-bet protein expressions in BMSC group and BMSCs+Notch inhibitor group all increased significantly, and Notch1 and Jagged1 protein expressions in BMSCs group and IL-5, IL-13, Notch1, and Jagged1 mRNA and protein expressions in BMSCs + Notch inhibitor group all decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The expressions of CXCR4 and IFN-γ were significantly higher and the expressions of IL-13 and Notch1 mRNA were significantly lower in BMSCs+Notch inhibitor group than in BMSC group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In asthmatic rats, the homing of the BMSCs to the lung tissue has a regulatory effect on Th1/Th2 drift, and the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway may participate in the homing of the BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medical Education Ministry, Hefei 230031, China.,Huixue Research Center (Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Branch), Hefei 230031, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - H Zhu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Yang
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Q Xu
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - F Ren
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - X Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
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Feng H, Yang X, Fan J, Zhang L, Liu Q, Chai D. DEC-205 receptor-mediated long-circling nanoliposome as an antigen and Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharide delivery system enhances the immune response via facilitating dendritic cells maturation. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1581-1596. [PMID: 33169636 PMCID: PMC7655039 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1844343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DEC-205 receptor-mediated dendritic cells (DC) targeting nanoliposomes is a promising delivery system in eliciting an immune response against pathogens. When this delivery system carries both antigen and immunomodulator, it can effectively regulate the DC function as well as the initial T cell response. To maximize the desired therapeutic effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. polysaccharides (EUPS), and induce an efficient humoral and cellular immune response against an antigen, we encapsulated the OVA and EUPS in long-circling nanoliposomes and conjugated it with anti-DEC-205 receptor antibody to obtain a DEC-205-targeted nanoliposomes (anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM). The physicochemical properties and immune-modulating effects were investigated in vitro and in vivo by a series of the experiment to evaluate the targeting efficiency of anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM. In vitro, anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM (160 μg mL−1) could enhance DCs proliferation and increase their phagocytic efficiency. In vivo anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM remarkably promoted the OVA-specific IgG and IgG isotypes levels, enhanced the splenocyte proliferation, and induced the NK cell and CTL cytotoxicity. Besides, the anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM enhanced the maturation of DCs. These findings suggest that the DEC-205 receptor antibody-conjugated EUPS nanoliposome can act as an efficient antigen delivery system to enhance the cellular and humoral immune response by promoting DC maturation. This indicates that the anti-DEC-205-EUPS-OVA-LPSM has significant potential as an immune-enhancing agent and antigen delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonong Yang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Fan
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Linzi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Dongkun Chai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, P. R. China
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Bielory L, Tabliago NRA. Flavonoid and cannabinoid impact on the ocular surface. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 20:482-492. [PMID: 32796166 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate the impact of flavonoids and cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic treatments on the anterior surface of the eye. RECENT FINDINGS Allergic conjunctivitis and dry eye syndrome are common ocular surface diseases that have been treated with traditional pharmacological measures, e.g. corticosteroids, antihistamines. Given the side-effect profiles of these medications and the growing interest in complementary treatment modalities as part of integrative medical interventions, well known flavonoids, such as quercetin and catechin, are under investigation for topical and systemic application methods for relief. As flavonoid derivatives, pycnogenol and epigallocatechin gallate have alleviated dry eye symptoms, including lacrimal gland inflammation, tear secretion, and the stability of the tear film. Research on ocular cannabinoid receptors and response to synthetic cannabinoids are also being considered for therapy of anterior ocular disorders. The expansion of herbal formulations provides a framework for future treatment regimens for ocular surface disorders. SUMMARY Flavonoids and cannabinoids show promise as potential complementary treatment for allergic diseases because of their anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties. Several studies implementing ocular and systemic application of these compounds show potential in becoming adjuvant treatment strategies for improving quality of life while also managing ocular surface disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Bielory
- Professor of Medicine, Allergy, Immunology and Ophthalmology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Springfield
| | - Nikko Rowe A Tabliago
- Overlook Medical Center, Atlantic Health System, St. George's University Medical School, Summit, New Jersey, USA
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Zhang Z, Lu Y, Qi J, Wu W. An update on oral drug delivery via intestinal lymphatic transport. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2449-2468. [PMID: 34522594 PMCID: PMC8424224 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Orally administered drug entities have to survive the harsh gastrointestinal environment, penetrate the enteric epithelia and circumvent hepatic metabolism before reaching the systemic circulation. Whereas the gastrointestinal stability can be well maintained by taking proper measures, hepatic metabolism presents as a formidable barrier to drugs suffering from first-pass metabolism. The pharmaceutical academia and industries are seeking alternative pathways for drug transport to circumvent problems associated with the portal pathway. Intestinal lymphatic transport is emerging as a promising pathway to this end. In this review, we intend to provide an updated overview on the rationale, strategies, factors and applications involved in intestinal lymphatic transport. There are mainly two pathways for peroral lymphatic transport-the chylomicron and the microfold cell pathways. The underlying mechanisms are being unraveled gradually and nowadays witness increasing research input and applications.
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Key Words
- ACQ, aggregation-caused quenching
- ASRT, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
- AUC, area under curve
- BCS, biopharmaceutics classification system
- CM, chylomicron
- Chylomicron
- DC, dendritic cell
- DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- DTX, docetaxel
- Drug absorption
- Drug carriers
- Drug delivery
- FA, fatty acid
- FAE, follicle-associated epithelia
- FRET, Föster resonance energy transfer
- GIT, gastrointestinal tract
- HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- LDV, Leu-Asp-Val
- LDVp, LDV peptidomimetic
- Lymphatic transport
- M cell, microfold cells
- MG, monoglyceride
- MPA, mycophenolic acid
- MPS, mononuclear phagocyte system
- Microfold cell
- Nanoparticles
- OA, oleate
- Oral
- PCL, polycaprolactone
- PEG-PLA, polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic acid)
- PEI, polyethyleneimine
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PVA, poly(vinyl alcohol)
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp
- RGDp, RGD peptidomimetic
- SEDDS, self-emulsifying drug delivery system
- SLN, solid lipid nanoparticles
- SNEDDS, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TG, triglyceride
- TPGS, D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate
- TU, testosterone undecanoate
- WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
- YCW, yeast cell wall
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianping Qi
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
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Teng H, Zheng Y, Cao H, Huang Q, Xiao J, Chen L. Enhancement of bioavailability and bioactivity of diet-derived flavonoids by application of nanotechnology: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:378-393. [PMID: 34278842 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1947772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, which are a class of polyphenols widely existing in food and medicine, have enormous pharmacological effects. The functional properties of flavonoids are mainly distributed to their anti-oxidative, anticancer, and anti-inflammatoryeffects, etc. However, flavonoids' low bioavailability limits their clinical application, which is closely related to their intestinal absorption and metabolism. In addition, because of the short residence time of oral bioactive molecules in the stomach, low permeability and low solubility in the gastrointestinal tract, flavonoids are easy to be decomposed by the external environment and gastrointestinal tract after digestion. To tackle these obstacles, technological approaches like microencapsulation have been developed and applied for the formulation of flavonoid-enriched food products. In the light of these scientific advances, the objective of this review is to establish the structural requirements of flavonoids for appreciable anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and elucidate a comprehensive mechanism that can explain their activity. Furthermore, the novelty in application of nanotechnology for the safe delivery of flavonoids in food matrices is discussed. After a literature on the flavonoids and their health attributes, the encapsulation methods and the coating materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yimei Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qun Huang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Song X, Gao J, Liu H, Liu X, Tang K. Rapamycin alleviates renal damage in mice with systemic lupus erythematosus through improving immune response and function. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111289. [PMID: 33581650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of rapamycin (RAPA) on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in BALB/C mice induced by pristane. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6): control, model, saline, RAPA (1 mg/kg) and RAPA (2 mg/kg). All groups were injected with pristane except control. HE staining revealed 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg RAPA treatments obviously alleviated pathological changes in the kidney of SLE mice such as glomeruli enlargement, hyperplasia of mesangial cells, epithelial and endothelial cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and edema-like degeneration of renal tubules. Compared with control group, body weights and anti-ribosomal P-protein antibody (ARPA) level of the mice in model group and saline group decreased (P < 0.05), while immune complex deposition and levels of anti-dsDNA antibody, anti-smRNP antibody and urine protein in model group and saline group increased (P < 0.05). However, compared with model group and saline group, body weights of the mice in RAPA (1 mg/kg) group and RAPA (2 mg/kg) group increased (P < 0.05), while immune complex deposition and levels of anti-dsDNA antibody, anti-smRNP antibody, ARPA, and urine protein in RAPA (1 mg/kg) group and RAPA (2 mg/kg) group decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the proportion of dentritic cells (DC) in the kidney and peripheral blood decreased while the proportion of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells in the spleen, kidney and peripheral blood increased in model group and saline group (P < 0.05). Compared with model group and saline group, 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg RAPA treatments boosted the proportion of DC in the kidney and peripheral blood, reduced the proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen, kidney and peripheral blood, and lessened the proportion of Th2 cells in the kidney and peripheral blood (P < 0.05). In conclusion, RAPA alleviated renal damage in SLE mice through improving immune response and function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/immunology
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/chemically induced
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism
- Lupus Nephritis/chemically induced
- Lupus Nephritis/immunology
- Lupus Nephritis/metabolism
- Lupus Nephritis/prevention & control
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Sirolimus/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
- Terpenes
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545027, China.
| | - Jinglin Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545027, China.
| | - Huicong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545027, China.
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545027, China.
| | - Kaijiang Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545027, China.
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Sibeko L, Johns T. Global survey of medicinal plants during lactation and postpartum recovery: Evolutionary perspectives and contemporary health implications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113812. [PMID: 33450288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cross-cultural comparison of plants used during lactation and the postpartum period offers insight into a largely overlooked area of ethnopharmacological research. Potential roles of phytochemicals in emerging models of interaction among immunity, inflammation, microbiome and nervous system effects on perinatal development have relevance for the life-long health of individuals and of populations in both traditional and contemporary contexts. AIM OF THE STUDY Delineate and interpret patterns of traditional and contemporary global use of medicinal plants ingested by mothers during the postpartum period relative to phytochemical activity on immune development and gastrointestinal microbiome of breastfed infants, and on maternal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Published reviews and surveys on galactagogues and postpartum recovery practices plus ethnobotanical studies from around the world were used to identify and rank plants, and ascertain regional use patterns. Scientific literature for 20 most-cited plants based on frequency of publication was assessed for antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidepressant, analgesic, galactagogic and safety properties. RESULTS From compilation of 4418 use reports related to 1948 species, 105 plant taxa were recorded ≥7 times, with the most frequently cited species, Foeniculum vulgare, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Pimpinella anisum, Euphorbia hirta and Asparagus racemosus, 81, 64, 42, 40 and 38 times, respectively. Species and use vary globally, illustrated by the pattern of aromatic plants of culinary importance versus latex-producing plants utilized in North Africa/Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa with opposing predominance. For 18/20 of the plants a risk/benefit perspective supports assessment that positive immunomodulation and related potential exceed any safety concerns. Published evidence does not support a lactation-enhancing effect for nearly all the most-cited plants while antidepressant data for the majority of plants are predominately limited to animal studies. CONCLUSIONS Within a biocultural context traditional postpartum plant use serves adaptive functions for the mother-infant dyad and contributes phytochemicals absent in most contemporary diets and patterns of ingestion, with potential impacts on allergic, inflammatory and other conditions. Polyphenolics and other phytochemicals are widely immunologically active, present in breast milk and predominately non-toxic. Systematic analysis of phytochemicals in human milk, infant lumen and plasma, and immunomodulatory studies that differentiate maternal ingestion during lactation from pregnancy, are needed. Potential herb-drug interaction and other adverse effects should remain central to obstetric advising, but unless a plant is specifically shown as harmful, considering potential contributions to health of individuals and populations, blanket advisories against postpartum herbal use during lactation appear empirically unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Sibeko
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Timothy Johns
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Chang Y, Guo A, Jing Y, Lin J, Sun Y, Kong L, Zheng H, Deng Y. Immunomodulatory activity of puerarin in RAW264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:223-229. [PMID: 33583301 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1885043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Puerarin, a natural isoflavone extracted from Radix puerariae, is famous for treating various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, little is known about its direct immunomodulatory activity. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory effects of Radix puerariae by using the murine monocyte-macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and immunosuppressed cyclophosphamide-induced mice. METHODS MTT and neutral red phagocytosis assays were conducted to evaluate the in vitro immunomodulatory activities of puerarin on cell viability and phagocytosis by measuring the proliferation, phagocytic, nitric oxide (NO) ability, and TNF-α production ability of stimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Immunosuppressed cyclophosphamide-induced mice were used to evaluate the in vivo immunomodulatory activities of puerarin by measuring IL-4 and IFN-γ, the serum half hemolysis value, spleen and thymus index, and proliferation assay for splenic lymphocytes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results showed that puerarin improves immunomodulatory activity by increasing cell proliferation, cell phagocytosis, and NO secretion in RAW264.7 macrophages and reduces the abnormal immunologic activity by decreasing cell phagocytosis and NO secretion in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, puerarin enhanced the immunologic activity of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice by increasing the secretion of NO, IFN-γ, and IL-4, the serum half hemolysis value (HC50), the spleen and thymus index, and proliferation for splenic lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Puerarin exhibited an upregulated immunomodulatory effect on RAW264.7 macrophages and immunosuppression mice. In addition, puerarin had a downregulated immunomodulatory effect on RAW264.7 macrophages. The results suggest that puerarin could be a promising immunomodulator to assist in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexing Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Ailing Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Haohang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
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Lee BW, Ha JH, Ji Y, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Lee J, Park JY, Kwon HJ, Jung K, Kim JC, Ryu YB, Lee IC. Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614442. [PMID: 33643046 PMCID: PMC7902870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were injected with OVA (40 μg) and aluminum hydroxide (2 mg) on days 0 and 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation. The mice were then challenged with 1% OVA from days 21–23. Mice were treated with AH (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; 2% DMSO) or dexamethasone (positive control; 3 mg/kg/day) from days 18–23. AH treatment effectively attenuated airway resistance/hyperresponsiveness and reduced levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, eotaxins, and number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunoglobulin E in serums of OVA-challenged mice. In histological analysis, AH treatment significantly inhibited airway inflammation and mucus production in OVA-challenged mice. AH treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha, p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p65NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases with suppression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in lung tissue. Moreover, AH treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2 cytokines, as well as MUC5AC expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These results indicate that AH might represent a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Ji
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
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Lamaisakul S, Tantituvanont A, Lipipun V, Ritthidej G. Development of novel cationic microemulsion as parenteral adjuvant for influenza vaccine. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:591-604. [PMID: 33193862 PMCID: PMC7610209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Squalene-based oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have been used as effective and safe adjuvants in approved influenza vaccines. However, there are concerns regarding the safety and side effects of increasing risk of narcolepsy. In present study, novel O/W microemulsions (MEs) containing wheat germ oil, D-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) and Cremophor EL (CreEL) or Solutol HS15 were formulated with/without a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and then sterilized by autoclaving. Their physical properties and biological efficacies were evaluated. The results demonstrated that autoclaving reduced the droplet size to ∼20 nm with narrow size distributions resulting in monodisperse systems with good stability up to 3 years. Hemolytic activity, viscosity, pH, and osmolality were appropriate for parenteral use. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model antigen, after mixing with MEs retained the protein integrity, assessed by SDS-PAGE and CD spectroscopy. Greater percentages of 28SC cell viability were observed from CreEL-based MEs. Uptake of FITC-BSA-MEs increased with the increasing concentration of CTAB confirmed by CLSM images. Furthermore, cationic CreEL-based MEs could induce Th1 cytokine synthesis with an increase in TNF-α and IL-12 levels and a decrease in IL-10 level. In vivo immunization study in mice of adjuvants admixed with influenza virus solution revealed that nonionic and selected cationic CreEL-MEs enhanced immune responses as measured by influenza-specific serum antibody titers and hemagglutination inhibition titers. Particularly, cationic CreEL-based ME showed better humoral and cellular immunity with higher IgG2a titer than nonionic CreEL-based ME and antigen alone. No differences in immune responses were observed between mice immunized with selected cationic CreEL-based ME and marketed adjuvant. In addition, the selected ME induced antigen-sparing while retained immune stimulating effects compared to antigen alone. No inflammatory change in muscle fiber structure was observed. Accordingly, the developed cationic CreEL-based ME had potential as novel adjuvant for parenteral influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakalanunt Lamaisakul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Angkana Tantituvanont
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vimolmas Lipipun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Garnpimol Ritthidej
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Qin SK, Li Q, Ming Xu J, Liang J, Cheng Y, Fan Y, Jiang J, Ye H, Tao H, Li L, Zheng L, Wei Z, Li S, Meng K, Ye B, Sun Y. Icaritin-induced immunomodulatory efficacy in advanced hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Immunodynamic biomarkers and overall survival. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4218-4231. [PMID: 32889778 PMCID: PMC7648021 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma HCC with poor prognosis is often associated with chronic inflammation, immune tolerance, and marked heterogeneity. The interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK/STAT3 signal pathways play multiple regulatory roles in modulating inflammation and immunity in cancers. Polarization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is involved in HBV-related immunosuppression and CD8+ T-cell activation through ERK/IL-6/STAT3. Icaritin is a small molecule that has displayed anticancer activities through IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathways in tumor cells and immune cells including CD8+ T cells, MDSCs, neutrophils, and macrophages. This study aimed to confirm icaritin immunomodulation in advanced HBV-related HCC patients with poor prognosis. Immunomodulation of MDSCs was evaluated in BALB/c mice in vivo. Immunomodulation of serum cytokines and a panel of immune checkpoint proteins were assessed in HBV-related, histologically confirmed HCC patients. Poor prognostic characteristics included HBV infection, bulky tumors, Child-Pugh B classification, and metastasis. Clinical end-points included safety, tumor response, and overall survival (OS). Icaritin treatment-induced dynamics of serum cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and soluble immune checkpoint proteins TIM3, LAG3, CD28, CD80, and CTLA-4 were assessed. No grade III/IV treatment-related adverse events were observed. Time-to-progression was significantly associated with the prognostic factors. Improved survival was observed in the advanced HCC patients with dynamic changes of cytokines, immune checkpoint proteins, and immune cells. Median OS (329-565 days) was significantly correlated with baseline hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, cytokines, tumor neoantigens, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection. Composite biomarker scores of high-level α-fetoprotein and T helper type I (Th1)/Th2 cytokines associated with favorable survival warrant further clinical development of icaritin as an alternative immune-modulatory regimen to treat advanced HCC patients with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Kui Qin
- Clinical Oncology Department, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ming Xu
- The 5th Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Clinical Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Clinical Oncology Department, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Fan
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Ye
- Research & Development Department, SinoTech Genomics, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Tao
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Li
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Wei
- Biostatistical Department, Tigermed Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Li
- Research & Clinical Development, Shenogen Pharma Group, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Meng
- Research & Clinical Development, Shenogen Pharma Group, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Research & Clinical Development, Shenogen Pharma Group, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Lima TC, Matos SS, Carvalho TF, Silveira-Filho AJ, Couto LPSM, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Quintans JSS, Silva AMO, Heimfarth L, Passos FRS, Gandhi SR, Lima BS, Silva FA. Evidence for the involvement of IL-1β and TNF-α in anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidative stress profile of the standardized dried extract from Miconia albicans Sw. (Triana) Leaves (Melastomataceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112908. [PMID: 32387231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae), commonly known in Brazil as "canela-de-velho", is used in folk medicine for treating rheumatoid arthritis and reducing pain and inflammation. THE AIM OF THE CURRENT WORK WAS: to provide data on physicochemical characterization of the drug plant and dried extract from M. albicans leaves, as well as investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant stress profile from the standardized dried extract of this species employing different model systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS plant material (dried crushed leaves) was extracted by turboextraction using 50% ethanol (v/v). Different pharmacological techniques were performed to establish quality control parameters of the plant drug, and dried extract of M. albicans (DEMA) was chemically characterized by HPLC-PDA to selection of the chemical marker. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 colorimetric methods, respectively. Antioxidant potential of the DEMA was investigated by employing different in vitro antioxidant assays, including DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, ferric reducing antioxidant assay, NO scavenging assay, metal ion (Fe2+) chelating activity and antioxidant capacity by inhibition of lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Finally, anti-inflammatory activity of the DEMA was evaluated using two models of acute inflammation: carrageenan induced inflammation and mechanical hyperalgesia. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION M. albicans leaves, after drying in forced air circulation chamber at ±40 °C for 48 h and crushing in knife mill, presented a moisture content below the maximum allowed for plant drugs (6.4%). The powder of M. albicans was classified as moderately coarse and total ash content was found to be 6.27%. Preliminary phytochemical screening of DEMA revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, leucoanthocyanins and steroids. DEMA had significant higher total phenolic (551.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dried extract) and flavonoid contents (367.19 mg catechin equivalent/g of dried extract). Two major compounds (λ = 340 nm) were identified in DEMA by HPLC-PDA: the flavonoids rutin and quercetin. Rutin content, selected as chemical marker, was determined and found to be 1.16 mg/g dried extract (r = 0.9941). Regarding to antioxidant activity, our results revealed the DEMA exhibited good antioxidant activity on different models. M. albicans treatment also reduced the levels of TNF-α e IL-1β and consequently inflammatory nociception and edema caused by carrageenan injection. Based on previous studies and our results, is possible to suggest a positive correlation between the flavonoids rutin and quercetin and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. CONCLUSION Together, these data suggest that M. albicans has the possibility of use in conditions such as arthritis or other joint pain, even needing other work to better consolidate this profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires C Lima
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Saulo S Matos
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Thaís F Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Alex J Silveira-Filho
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Luzi P S M Couto
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Mara O Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiolla R S Passos
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Sathiyabama R Gandhi
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno S Lima
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Francilene A Silva
- Department of Pharmacy (DFA), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
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Quintans-Júnior LJ, Gandhi SR, Passos FRS, Heimfarth L, Pereira EWM, Monteiro BS, Dos Santos KS, Duarte MC, Abreu LS, Nascimento YM, Tavares JF, Silva MS, Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Lima ÁAN, Zengin G, Quintans JSS. Dereplication and quantification of the ethanol extract of Miconia albicans (Melastomaceae) by HPLC-DAD-ESI-/MS/MS, and assessment of its anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory profiles in a mice arthritis-like model: Evidence for involvement of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112938. [PMID: 32387232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Miconia albicans (Sw) Triana (Melastomataceae), a medicinal plant widely used by practitioners of folk medicine in the northeast of Brazil, has been used to treat chronic inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other joint conditions. Oddly, there is little research on the species. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory profile of the ethanolic leaf extract of M. albicans (EEMA), as well as to perform dereplication and quantification by HPLC-DAD-ESI-/MS/MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds present in the extracts were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. The possible anti-inflammatory effect of EEMA (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o) was evaluated using the pleurisy model induced by carrageenan and its action on IL-1β and TNF-α levels was also evaluated. The RA model was induced through the intra-articular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). RESULTS HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified 23 compounds, with glycoside flavonoids mainly derived from quercetin, and rutin being the main compounds. EEMA significantly reduced (p < 0.001) leukocyte migration in the pleurisy model and reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels in pleural lavage (p < 0.001). In the CFA animal model, EEMA significantly reduced the nociceptive and hyperalgesic behaviors demonstrated by the rearing test (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) and decreased mechanical hyperalgesia (p < 0.001). EEMA produced a significant improvement in mobility in the open-field test (only at the higher dose, p < 0.05). EEMA significantly (p < 0.01) increased hindpaw grip strength. The diameter of CFA-induced ipsilateral knee edema was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) by EEMA, which was related to reduced levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the joint knee (p < 0.01). No indication of hepatic injury after chronic treatment was found. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results contribute to the chemical and pharmacological knowledge of M. albicans and demonstrated that this medicinal plant appears to be able to mitigate deleterious symptoms of RA, which supports its use in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil.
| | - Sathiyabama R Gandhi
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiolla R Santos Passos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Erik W Menezes Pereira
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Brenda S Monteiro
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Katielen Silvana Dos Santos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Silva Abreu
- Nucleus for Characterization and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Yuri M Nascimento
- Nucleus for Characterization and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Josean F Tavares
- Nucleus for Characterization and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Silva
- Nucleus for Characterization and Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Graduate Program of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Graduate Program of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ádley A N Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), Rio Grande Do Norte (RN), Natal, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Depatment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, CEP 49.100-000, Brazil.
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Reis WP, Chai E, Gaio J, Becerra MB, Banta JE, Dos Santos H. Dietary Factors Associated with Asthma Prevalence Among Children in California. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND PULMONOLOGY 2020; 33:85-91. [PMID: 35921577 PMCID: PMC8443260 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2020.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Asthma continues to be the leading chronic disease affecting children in the United States. With mounting evidence of how diet plays a role in both chronic and allergic diseases, it is important to identify types of foods that may potentially promote a pro-inflammatory state. The study aims to examine the association between current asthma prevalence and intake of specific foods among children in California. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducting secondary analysis of data from the 2001 to 2015 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) child surveys. A total of 65,565 completed surveys met the eligibility criteria (children ages 2-11) between the years 2001 and 2015. After excluding children with less than 2 years of age (for whom diet questions were not asked), analysis was conducted using 56,312 surveys. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the association of dietary intake with current asthma, controlling for confounding variables: gender, age, race, weight status, parent's education, English language proficiency of parent, household income, and location of residence. Analyses were survey weighted using raking variables to adjust for the oversampling and nonresponse surveys to reflect California Department of Finance Population Estimates for each survey period. Results: Approximately 13.4% of children in California currently have asthma. Consuming three or more sodas per day (adjusted OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.22-2.76, P = 0.004), two or more servings of French fries per day (adjusted odds ratio = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08-3.21, P = 0.026), and fast food two or more times per week (adjusted odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45, P = 0.031) were positively associated with the prevalence for asthma. Conclusion: Analysis showed that children consuming energy dense foods were significantly associated with greater odds for current asthma after controlling for potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenes Pereira Reis
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Elena Chai
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Josileide Gaio
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Monideepa B. Becerra
- Health Science and Human Ecology, California State University, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Jim E. Banta
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Xue Q, Ma Y, Wang L, Shao H. T follicular helper cells are elevated in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1304-1315. [PMID: 32416035 PMCID: PMC7327924 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that is associated with immune dysfunction. Earlier studies have suggested that T helper 1/2 cell imbalance plays an important role in the development of myocarditis, but the role of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the development of autoimmune myocarditis has not previously been reported. Here, we investigated this involvement by using a rat model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Inflammatory cell infiltration, myocardial structure destruction and tissue necrosis were observed in EAM myocardial tissues, and the percentages of CD4+ CXCR5+ Tfh cells and CD19+ B cells were both significantly higher in spleen and myocardial tissues of the EAM model as compared with the control group. Furthermore, the expression levels of interleukin-21, CXCL13 and myosin antibody were significantly higher in the serum of rats with EAM compared with the control group on days 14 and 35 after immunization. Fourteen or 35 days after immunization, the expression levels of interleukin-21 and CXCL13 were both significantly higher in myocardial tissues of rats with EAM as compared with the control group. Our findings suggest that Tfh cell balance is disrupted during the pathological process of autoimmune myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xue
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Shao
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Yu X, Chen D, Wang L, Li J, Khan K, Chen H, Liang Y, Luo H, Qiu C. Wogonoside inhibits inflammatory cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage by suppressing the activation of the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:532. [PMID: 32411755 PMCID: PMC7214906 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.04.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Mediated by innate immune cells, inflammation is an underlying presence in the pathogenesis of numerous pulmonary diseases. Macrophages play a critical role in mediating the initial response to infection in the lungs. When there is excessive activation of macrophages, hyper-production of inflammatory factors occurs, with inflammation as the ultimate result. Wogonoside, a bioactive flavonoid glycoside, has been reported to alleviate pulmonary inflammation. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of wogonoside has not yet been clarified. Methods The productions of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined using a Griess reagent kit and a DAF-FM DA fluorescent probe, respectively. Moreover, the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were quantified by qPCR, and the binding ability of c-Jun to promoters of inflammatory factors was performed by ChIP assay. Western blot was employed to detect the protein expression of inflammatory factors and signaling pathway. Results In this study, we found that pre-treatment with wogonoside dramatically suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced increase in the protein and mRNA levels of inflammatory factors in macrophages, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6. Furthermore, wogonoside profoundly reduced the increase in NO and ROS production and significantly blocked phosphorylation of JNK in LPS-stimulated macrophages. As revealed by Western blot and qPCR analysis, wogonoside mediated the JNK-dependent inhibitory effect. Compared with wogonoside alone, a combination of wogonoside and JNK inhibitor SP600125 provided no extra benefit in suppressing the protein expression and mRNA levels of inflammatory factors in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, ChIP analysis demonstrated wogonoside to remarkably reduce c-Jun enrichment in COX-2, iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 promoters. Conclusions Collectively, our findings showed that wogonoside notably suppresses LPS-stimulated production of inflammatory factors by repressing the activation of the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway in macrophages. This suggests that wogonoside could serve as a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary diseases related to macrophage inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haihui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yutian Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Huanmin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
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Wang C, Tang J, Qian B, Zeng Z, Gao Y, Song JL. Rubusoside alleviates the ovalbumin-induced mice allergic asthma by modulating the NF-κB activation. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13187. [PMID: 32185800 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effects of rubusoside (Rbs) were investigated in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice, followed by effective attenuation of Rbs treatment on the airway hyperresponsiveness and reduction of inflammatory cells inside the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The mitigation of inflammatory infiltration as a result of Rbs treatment was histologically observed in these mice lungs. Rbs contributed to the decrease of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-13, IL-6, IL-5, and IL-4) inside the BALF of mice with asthma. A decline of OVA-dependent IgE and IgG1 inside the serum was also noticed in these mice. Rbs was proved to enhance the mRNA level of Foxp3 inside the mice lung affected with asthma while decrease that of IL-17A, IL-23, and RORγt. NF-κB pathway activation elicited by OVA was suppressed by Rbs inside the pulmonary tissues. Rbs played significantly in the reduction of airway inflammation induced by OVA which with modulating NF-κB pathway activation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Simultaneous therapy with medicine and food is strategically significant for disease prevention and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine. Rbs is a diterpene glycoside isolated from Rubus suavissimus. The anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic mechanism dependent of Rbs need further study clinically. The goal of current investigation is to explore the anti-inflammatory as well as anti-asthmatic activity of Rbs in mouse models of OVA-induced experimental allergic asthma. Results of the present study are scientifically supportive for the use of Rbs as an adjunctive reagent for clinical treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Jia Tang
- Institution of Documentation of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Effect of Mn 3O 4 Nanoparticles on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Factors in the Human Tendon Cells and Its Mechanism. INT J POLYM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1934732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the effect of Mn3O4 nanoparticles (Mn3O4NPs) on inflammatory factors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human tendon cells and its mechanism. Methods. The Mn3O4NPs were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of miRNAs related to inflammation in human tendon cells. The expression level of NLRP1 (NOD-like receptor containing pyrin domain 1) was measured by Western blotting. ELISA assay was used to measure the level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10. The relationship between miR-181a-5p and NLRP1 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results. Mn3O4NPs produced in this study were brown spherical particles with an average size of 7-10 nm. Mn3O4NP treatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β but increased the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the human tendon cells induced by LPS. In addition, Mn3O4NP treatment remarkably increased the expression level of miR-181a-5p. NLRP1 is one of the targets of miR-181a-5p, and miR-181a-5p downregulated its expression. Further study showed that Mn3O4NPs could alleviate the inflammatory response of human tendon cells induced by LPS by upregulating miR-181a-5p and thus downregulating the expression of NLRP1. Conclusion. Mn3O4NPs affect the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the human tendon cells induced by LPS by modulating the molecular axis of miR-181a-5p/NLRP1.
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Montagna MT, Diella G, Triggiano F, Caponio GR, Giglio OD, Caggiano G, Ciaula AD, Portincasa P. Chocolate, "Food of the Gods": History, Science, and Human Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244960. [PMID: 31817669 PMCID: PMC6950163 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chocolate is well known for its fine flavor, and its history began in ancient times, when the Maya considered chocolate (a cocoa drink prepared with hot water) the "Food of the Gods". The food industry produces many different types of chocolate: in recent years, dark chocolate, in particular, has gained great popularity. Interest in chocolate has grown, owing to its physiological and potential health effects, such as regulation of blood pressure, insulin levels, vascular functions, oxidation processes, prebiotic effects, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. However, further translational and epidemiologic studies are needed to confirm available results and to evaluate other possible effects related to the consumption of cocoa and chocolate, verifying in humans the effects hitherto demonstrated only in vitro, and suggesting how best to consume (in terms of dose, mode, and time) chocolate in the daily diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Montagna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (F.T.); (O.D.G.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.M.); (P.P.); Tel.: +39-080-547-8476 (M.T.M.); +39-080-547-8293 (P.P.)
| | - Giusy Diella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (F.T.); (O.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Francesco Triggiano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (F.T.); (O.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Giusy Rita Caponio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (A.D.C.)
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Osvalda De Giglio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (F.T.); (O.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Caggiano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (F.T.); (O.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (A.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.M.); (P.P.); Tel.: +39-080-547-8476 (M.T.M.); +39-080-547-8293 (P.P.)
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Noh EM, Kim JM, Lee HY, Song HK, Joung SO, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Kim KS, Lee YR. Immuno-enhancement effects of Platycodon grandiflorum extracts in splenocytes and a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed rat model. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:322. [PMID: 31752816 PMCID: PMC6868875 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Platycodon grandiflorum is a flowering plant that is used in traditional medicine for treating pulmonary and respiratory disorders. It exerts various pharmacological effects, including immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities. The purpose of this study was to confirm the in vitro and in vivo immune-enhancing effects of P. grandiflorum extract (PGE) on splenocytes isolated from cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppressed rats. Methods For in vitro analysis, splenocytes were treated with PGE at various doses along with CP. Cell viability was measured by a WST-1 assay, and NK cell activity and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity was also examined. In addition, immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and cytokine levels were measured. For in vivo analysis, Sprague Dawley rats were treated with various doses of PGE along with CP. Complete blood count (CBC) was performed, and plasma levels of IgA, IgG, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12 were quantified. Additionally, tissue damage was assessed through histological analyses of the thymus and spleen. Results PGE treatment enhanced cell viability and natural killer cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, and increased the production of CP-induced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12) and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgA) in splenocytes. In addition, in CP-treated rats, PGE treatment induced the recovery of white blood cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, along with mid-range absolute counts, and increased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12) and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgA). Moreover, PGE attenuated CP-induced spleen and thymic damage. Conclusions Our results confirmed that PGE exerts an immune-enhancing effect both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that PGE may have applications as a component of immunostimulatory agents or as an ingredient in functional foods.
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Song JL, Qian B, Pan C, Lv F, Wang H, Gao Y, Zhou Y. Protective activity of mogroside V against ovalbumin-induced experimental allergic asthma in Kunming mice. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12973. [PMID: 31489660 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antiasthmatic effect of mogroside V (Mog V) in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Administration of Mog V effectively attenuated OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and reduced the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histological examination showed that Mog V reduced the inflammatory infiltration of the lungs in the asthmatic mice. ELISAs suggested that Mog V effectively decreased the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in BALF and serum levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 in the asthmatic mice. A quantitative reverse-transcription PCR assay also indicated that Mog V decreased the mRNA levels of IL-17A, IL-23, and RORγt in the lungs of the asthmatic mice (the opposite effect on Foxp3 mRNA). Furthermore, Mog V significantly reduced the OVA-induced activation of NF-κB in the lungs. This study indicates that Mog V alleviates OVA-induced inflammation in airways, and this effect is associated with a reduction in NF-κB activation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A traditional Chinese medicine herb has been reported to have a strong curative effect on asthma in clinical practice. Siraitia grosvenorii is known in China as a functional food product with the ability to improve lung function. Mogroside V is a triterpene glycoside isolated from S. grosvenorii. Nonetheless, the antiasthmatic effect of mogroside V has not been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiasthmatic activity of mogroside V in mice with chemically induced asthma. The data from this study will provide some scientific evidence supporting wider use of S. grosvenorii in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailing Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
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Babaskina LI, Litvinova TM, Babaskin DV, Kiselevsky MV, Savinova OV, Winter EA. Influence of Flavonoids on the Cytotoxic Activity of Mononuclear Blood Cells in Model Tests. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:1900-1904. [PMID: 31406526 PMCID: PMC6684420 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The spread of phytocomplex application and justification of its selective effects on tumour cells (mainly due to the presence of flavonoids) require research of its cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activity. AIM: The goal wa`s to study the direct cytotoxic effect of the phytocomplex and its modulating effect on the cytotoxic activity of the donor’s mononuclear blood cells in in vitro experiments. METHODS: The phytocomplex was a dry extract from marsh cinquefoil, creeping alfalfa and common hop; its main active ingredients were flavonoids. Transplantable monolayer cultures of lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, erythroblastic leukaemia, and fibroblasts were used as target cells. The cytotoxic activity was assessed using a cytotoxic test based on the selective ability to live cells to reduce MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethyltriazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) to formazan in mitochondria. Quantitative determination of formazan was performed using spectrophotometry. RESULTS: A direct cytotoxic effect of the phytocomplex in concentrations of at least 2.5 mg/ml on tumour cells has been established. Its modulating effect on the cytotoxic activity of mononuclear blood cells at a concentration of 0.05 mg/ml was shown. The phytocomplex in doses of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml increased the killer activity of the mononuclear cells in a diseased person’s blood, but did not affect these blood cells in a healthy donor. Incubation of lymphocytes with a phytocomplex for 24 hours increased the cytotoxic activity of mononuclear cells by 20-25%. CONCLUSION: The direct cytotoxic effect of the phytocomplex and its modulating effect on the cytotoxic activity of mononuclear blood cells in model experiments in vitro have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mikhail Valentinovich Kiselevsky
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, 24 Kashirskoe Highway, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Yan Y, Wang P, Sun Y, Dong Y, Xing J. Potential Mechanisms of 3, 4-Oxo-Isopropylidene-Shikimic Acid in Ameliorating 2, 4, 6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:554-563. [PMID: 31120312 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that 3, 4-oxo-isopropylidene-shikimic acid (ISA) has therapeutic potential in experimental colitis in rats. This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms of ISA on the inflammatory response in rats with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis. After the induction of colitis, rats were orally administered ISA for 12 days. Then, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in the blood and colon tissues, and the protein level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in cytoplasm and nucleus of colon tissues were evaluated. As a result, an enhanced inflammatory response was observed in rats with experimental colitis. However, the treatment with ISA significantly ameliorated the inflammatory response, which was manifested as a significant decrease in the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-8, TNF-α mRNA, P-selectin, E-selectin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, MMP9 and MMP9 mRNA in rat blood and colon tissues, respectively, and a significant decrease in the levels of IFN-γ/IL-4, and the NF-κBp65 activity coefficient. Therefore, the therapeutic effect of ISA on experimental colitis may be related to its inhibitory effect on the expression of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and MMP9, which may be involved in the inhibition of the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κBp65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengchong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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