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Dewi IP, Wahyuni FS, Aldi Y, Ismail NH. In vitro immunomodulatory activity study of Garcinia cowa Roxb. fraction. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:365-371. [PMID: 36750417 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to determine the activity of Garcinia cowa Roxb. n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions as an immunomodulator in vitro and obtain the fraction that has the potential as an immunomodulator. METHODS Raw 264.7 macrophages were used to asses G. cowa Roxb. immunomodulatory activity. The MTT assay was chosen to measure cell viability to evaluate the cytotoxic effect on cells. ELISA method was used to measure the concentration of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) secreted by cells after being treated with G. cowa Roxb. fraction. The neutral red uptake assay determined the effect of Garcinia cowa Roxb. on the phagocytic activity. RESULTS After Raw 264.7 macrophages were given the Hexan fraction (Hex) at concentrations of 12.5 and 25 μg/mL, there was a decrease in the concentration of IL-6, TNF-α, and the phagocytosis index of cells. Administration of the Ethyl Acetate fraction (EtOAc) at concentrations of 12.5 and 25 μg/mL on cells caused a decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α levels but did not affect the phagocytosis index. There was an increase in the level of TNF-α and the phagocytosis index after being given the Butanol fraction (BuOH) with concentrations of 12.5 and 25 μg/mL but there was a slight decrease in the level of IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Both Hex and EtOAc fractions could suppress immune responses through decreasing IL-6, TNF-α, and slightly decreased phagocytic activity. BuOH fraction could stimulate immunomodulatory activities through enhanced TNF-α levels and phagocytic index, but less potent in enhancing IL-6 production. The BuOH fraction could be developed as an immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Puspa Dewi
- Postgraduate Pharmacy Study Programme, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia and Prayoga Pharmacy Academy, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Fatma Sri Wahyuni
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Yufri Aldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, UiTM Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chouni A, Paul S. A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of an Evergreen Plant Garcinia cowa. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200910. [PMID: 36628555 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Garcinia cowa of the Clusiaceae family, native to South-East Asia used in traditional medicine. It has antipyretic, antimicrobial, and many other biological activities. In this review, a thorough study of this plant's chemical constituents and pharmacological and therapeutic effects was conducted from the research articles from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus from 1977 to 2022. Reported secondary metabolites are enriched with xanthones, phloroglucinols, depsidones, steroids, etc. α-mangostin, β-mangostin, cowaxanthone, rubraxanthone, cowanin, norcowanin, etc. represent the major xanthones. This article discusses the relationship between the different functional groups in xanthone compounds and their bioactivity against cancer, diabetes, bacteria, leishmania, malaria, and inflammation. This review is a comprehensive compendium of major bioactive molecules and its implication for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Chouni
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Paul
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Wang Y, Huang Q, Zhang L, Zheng C, Xu H. Biphenyls in Clusiaceae: Isolation, structure diversity, synthesis and bioactivity. Front Chem 2022; 10:987009. [PMID: 36531325 PMCID: PMC9751493 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.987009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Clusiaceae plants contain a wide range of biologically active metabolites that have gotten a lot of interest in recent decades. The chemical compositions of these plants have been demonstrated to have positive effects on a variety of ailments. The species has been studied for over 70 years, and many bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties have been identified, including xanthones, polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs), benzophenones, and biphenyls. Prenylated side chains have been discovered in many of these bioactive substances. To date, there have been numerous studies on PPAPs and xanthones, while no comprehensive review article on biphenyls from Clusiaceae has been published. The unique chemical architectures and growing biological importance of biphenyl compounds have triggered a flurry of research and interest in their isolation, biological evaluation, and mechanistic studies. In particular, the FDA-approved drugs such as sonidegib, tazemetostat, daclatasvir, sacubitril and trifarotene are closely related to their biphenyl-containing moiety. In this review, we summarize the progress and development in the chemistry and biological activity of biphenyls in Clusiaceae, providing an in-depth discussion of their structural diversity and medicinal potential. We also present a preliminary discussion of the biological effects with or without prenyl groups on the biphenyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Zheng, ; Hongxi Xu,
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Zheng, ; Hongxi Xu,
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Ngamsurach P, Praipipat P. Comparative antibacterial activities of Garcinia cowa and Piper sarmentosum extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with studying on disc diffusion assay, material characterizations, and batch experiments. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Tran TTT, Nguyen TKA, Nguyen BN, Hoang TMN, Doan LP, Phan MG, Lee H, Kim DW, Lee JW. Six new polyoxygenated xanthones from Garcinia cowa and their neuroprotective effects on glutamate-mediated hippocampal neuronal HT22 cell death. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200376. [PMID: 35927784 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Six new polyoxygenated xanthones, garcicowanones F-H (1-3), norcowanol A-B (4-5), and garcinone F (6) along with twelve known compounds 7-18 were obtained from the latex of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy. All new compounds have a 1,3,7-trioxygenated or 1,3,6,7-tetraoxygenated xanthone nucleus and differ from majority of xanthones from G. cowa by hydrated side chains. Compounds 1, 7, 8 and 18 exhibited significant neuroprotective effects on glutamate-mediated hippocampal neuronal HT22 cell death. In particular, compound 1 exhibited the most potent neuroprotective effect with >80% cell viability in the concentration range of 2.9-115 µM. Further studies on compound 1 showed that it decreased cellular Ca2+ influx and inhibits cellular reactive oxygen species generation in HT22 cells. A Western blot analysis showed that MAPK phosphorylation, Bax, and AIF translocation dramatically increased upon treatment with 5 mM glutamate and decreased upon a co-treatment with compound 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Thuy Tran
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, 1H, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 122045, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Thi Kim An Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Chemistry, 1H, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 122045, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Bao Ngoc Nguyen
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Natural Product Research Center, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gyeongpo-dong, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Gangneung, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Thi Minh Nguyet Hoang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, 1H, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 122045, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Lan Phuong Doan
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, 1H, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 122045, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Minh Giang Phan
- Vietnam National University Hanoi, Chemistry, 334 Nguyen Trai, 122045, Hanoi, VIET NAM
| | - Heesu Lee
- Gangneung-Wonju National University, College of Dentistry, 7, Jukheon-gil, Gangneung, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Gangneung-Wonju National University, College of Dentistry, 7, Jukheon-gil, Gangneung, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Natural Product Research Center, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gyeongpo-dong, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Gangneung, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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Khamphukdee C, Turkmani I, Chotritthirong Y, Chulikhit Y, Boonyarat C, Sekeroglu N, Silva AMS, Monthakantirat O, Kijjoa A. Effects of the Bark Resin Extract of Garcinia nigrolineata on Chronic Stress-Induced Memory Deficit in Mice Model and the In Vitro Monoamine Oxidases and β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitory Activities of Its Prenylated Xanthone Constituents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093014. [PMID: 35566362 PMCID: PMC9103351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes investigation of the effects of the bark resin extract of Garcinia nigrolineata (Clusiaceae) on the cognitive function and the induction of oxidative stress in both frontal cortex and hippocampus by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). By using behavioral mouse models, i.e., the Y-maze test, the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), and the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT), it was found that the negative impact of repeated mild stress-induced learning and memory deficit through brain oxidative stress in the UCMS mice was reversed by treatment with the bark resin extract G. nigrolineata. Moreover, the prenylated xanthones viz. cowagarcinone C, cowaxanthone, α-mangostin, cowaxanthone B, cowanin, fuscaxanthone A, fuscaxanthone B, xanthochymusxanthones A, 7-O-methylgarcinone E, and cowagarcinone A, isolated from the bark resin of G. nigrolineata, were assayed for their inhibitory activities against β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ibrahim Turkmani
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Yutthana Chotritthirong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Phytotherapy, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Application & Research Center and Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
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Amara AAAF. Natural Polymer Types and Applications. BIOMOLECULES FROM NATURAL SOURCES 2022:31-81. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119769620.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Darwati, Nurlelasari, Mayanti T, Ambardhani N, Kurnia D. Morelloflavone as Potential Anticancer Agent Against MCF-7 Breast
Cancer Cell Lines: In vitro and In silico Studies. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210706110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer is most commonly reported to contribute to people's death. Nowadays,
cancer treatment is focused on investigating anticancer drugs from natural compounds. Various
methods, including in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods, are used to assess the potential of anticancer
compounds. The efficacy of bioactive compounds from medicinal plant origin lies in their affordability
and minimized side effects. The Garcinia genus contains bioactive compounds, such as xanthones, benzophenones,
triterpenes, biflavonoids, and benzoquinones.
Purpose:
The study aimed at investigating an active compound that can inhibit cancer cell growth and
proteins that contribute to cancer cell growth, such as Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2.
Methods:
This study is divided into three steps. The first step is the isolation of the active compound from
G. cymosa. The second step is an assessment of cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell by using MTT assay,
and the last one is an investigation of the molecular mechanism of an active compound against
Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2 by using in silico studies utilizing various programs, such as PyRx
0.8, PYMOL, and Discovery Studio.
Results:
Morelloflavone from G. cymosa stem barks has exhibited anticancer activity (55.84 μg/mL)
eight times lower than doxorubicin (6.99 μg/mL), but it can block the activity of Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-
α, and HER-2. The binding affinity of morelloflavone is the strongest of all ligands.
Conclusion:
The natural flavonoid, morelloflavone, may be a new lead candidate for anticancer agent
inhibiting action mechanism of Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Nurlelasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Ambardhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Bui DN, Nguyen LTT, Nguyen LTT, Ngo NTN, Tran PT, Nguyen HT, Dang LTN, Nguyen LHD, Trinh BTD. Two new antidiabetic xanthones from the twigs of Garcinia oblongifolia. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35337215 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2055016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new xanthones, oblongixanthones I (1) and J (2), and seven known compounds (3-9), were isolated from an EtOAc extract of the twigs of Garcinia oblongifolia. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, mainly 1 D and 2 D NMR. The antidiabetic effects of the two new compounds were evaluated using α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibition assays. Both compounds displayed strong inhibition towards α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 258.7 ± 49.3 and 187.1 ± 27.5 μM, respectively (compared with acarbose, IC50 = 900.0 ± 3.0 μM) and moderate effects against PTP1B with IC50 values of 93.9 ± 12.3 and 64.1 ± 5.8 μM, respectively (compared with RK682, IC50 = 4.4 ± 0.3 l μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzung N Bui
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ly T T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le-Thu T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc T N Ngo
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Linh T N Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lien-Hoa D Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh T D Trinh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Punpai S, Saenkham A, Jarintanan F, Jongrungruangchok S, Choowongkomon K, Suksamrarn S, Tanechpongtamb W. HDAC inhibitor cowanin extracted from G. fusca induces apoptosis and autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in Jurkat cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112577. [PMID: 35078092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowanin, a xanthone derivative extracted from the Garcinia fusca plant, has been recognized for various biological activities including, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, the mechanism to induce cancer cell death in cancer cells remains to be fully elucidated. Our previous report showed that other xanthones from these plants could act as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), so we deeply analyzed the role of cowanin, a major compound of G.fusca, and investigated through the mode of cell death both apoptosis and autophagy that have never been reported. As a result, it was demonstrated that cowanin indicated the role of HDACi as other xanthones. The molecular docking analysis showed that cowanin could interact within the catalytic pocket region of HDAC class I (HDAC2, 8) and II (HDAC4, 7) proteins and inhibit their activity. Also, the level of protein expression of HDAC2, 4, 7, and 8 was distinctly decreased, and the level of histone H3 and H4 acetylation increased in cowanin treated cells. For the mode of cell death, cowanin demonstrated both apoptosis and autophagy activation in Jurkat cells. Besides, cowanin significantly suppressed phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR signaling. Therefore, these findings revealed that cowanin represents a new promising candidate for development as an anticancer agent by inducing apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and effectively inhibiting HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdiphong Punpai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Audchara Saenkham
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | | | | | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Departmentof Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10903, Thailand
| | - Sunit Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Wanlaya Tanechpongtamb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Gupta PC, Kar A, Sharma N, Singh PK, Goswami NK, Kumar S. Protective effect of standardised fruit extract of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy against ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions in Wistar rats. Ann Med 2021; 53:1696-1708. [PMID: 34555996 PMCID: PMC8475150 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1981548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The fruit of Garcinia is a rich and valuable source of bioactive compounds and is traditionally used for treating wounds and ulcers. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of chromatographically standardized fruit extract of Garcinia cowa (GCE) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats and its possible mechanisms. METHODS The effect of GCE (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated by determining various gastric ulcer parameters like gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) content, microvascular permeability, endogenous antioxidant enzyme, and gastric histopathological study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of GCE at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant (p < .01) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer index by 18.94-44.02%, respectively. Pre-treatment of rats with GCE (400 mg/kg) significantly restored the depleted gastric wall mucus level by 34.09% and NP-SH content by 33.35% induced by ethanol administration. In addition, GCE (400 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in microvascular permeability of Evans Blue by 47.43%, rationalizing its protective effect. Furthermore, a significant increase in oxidative enzyme levels with reduction in malondialdehyde level and elevation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in the GCE treated group as compared to the ulcer control group. The histopathological assessment also confirmed the protective nature of GCE. HPTLC analysis showed the presence of 0.27%, 0.11% w/w gallic acid, and amentoflavone, respectively in GCE. The content of α-mangostin and xanthochymol in the G. cowa extract sample quantified by HPLC-PDA method was 0.72 and 8.46%, respectively. The results obtained indicate that the protective effect of GCE against gastric ulcers in rats through multiple actions confirmed by the reduction of oxidative stress and restoration of adhered gastric mucus, NP-SH content, and histological architecture.KEY MESSAGESEthanol is the most typical ulcerogenic agent and has been shown to extend the risk of ulcer in humans.Natural products are promising alternative medication for the development of new drugs to regulate gastrointestinal diseases.Garcinia cowa protects the gastric mucosa through multiple actions that include restoration of adhered gastric mucus and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Gupta
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Ashish Kar
- Northeastern Regional Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Guwahati, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Naba Kumar Goswami
- Northeastern Regional Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Guwahati, India
| | - Satyanshu Kumar
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi, Anand, India
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Antileishmanial, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of the extracts, fractions, and compounds from the fruits and stem bark extracts of Pentadesma butyracea Sabine. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The search for antileishmanial plants used in traditional medicine led to the choice of CH2Cl2–MeOH (1:1) crude extract of the fruits and stem bark of Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) which displayed good activity in vitro against Leishmania donovani 1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes during preliminary screening with IC50 values 5.96 and 26.43 μg mL−1, respectively. The fractionation of both extracts using flash chromatography yielded active fractions with IC50 values ranging from 2.71 to 18.88 μg mL−1. Fourteen compounds (1–14) were isolated from the obtained fractions using successive column chromatographies and their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Daphnifolin (1), epicathechin (3), α-mangostin (9) and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (14) exhibited potent antileismanial activity against L. donovani 1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes with IC50 values of 2.01, 9.09, 3.37, and 6.87 μg mL−1, respectively and good selectivity towards Raw 264.7 macrophage cells (SI > 2.4). Extracts, fractions and some isolates were also assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains [Salmonella typhi (CPC), Enterobacter cloacae (CPC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa HM801, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 491619, Escherichia coli ATCC 25322] using serial microdilution method. Among the tested samples, the stem bark extract of P. butyracea as well as compounds 2 and 8 showed good to moderate activity against the aforementioned bacterial strains with MIC ≤ 250 μg mL−1.
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Highly potent cholinesterase inhibition of geranylated xanthones from Garcinia fusca and molecular docking studies. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kureshi AA, Dholakiya C, Hussain T, Mirgal A, Salvi SP, Barua PC, Talukdar M, Beena C, Kar A, Zachariah TJ, Kumari P, Dhanani T, Singh R, Kumar S. Simultaneous identification and quantification of three biologically active xanthones in Garcinia species using a rapid UHPLC-PDA method. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2019.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones are well recognized as chemotaxonomic markers for the plants belonging to the genus Garcinia. Xanthones have many interesting pharmacological properties. Efficient extraction and rapid liquid chromatography methods are essentially required for qualitative and quantitative determination of xanthones in their natural sources. In the present investigation, fruit rinds extracts of 8 Garcinia species from India, were prepared with solvents of varying polarity. Identification and quantification of 3 xanthones, namely, α-mangostin, β-mangostin, and γ-mangostin in these extracts were carried out using a rapid and validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection (UHPLC–PDA) method at 254 nm. γ-Mangostin (3.97 ± 0.05 min) was first eluted, and it was followed by α-mangostin (4.68 ± 0.03 min) and β-mangostin (5.60 ± 0.04 min). The calibration curve for α-mangostin, β-mangostin, and γ- mangostin was linear in the concentration range 0.781–100 μg/mL. α-Mangostin was quantified in all 4 extracts of Garcinia mangostana. Its content (%) in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of G. mangostana was 10.36 ± 0.10, 4.88 ± 0.01, 3.98 ± 0.004, and 0.044 ± 0.002, respectively. However, the content of α-mangostin was below the limit of detection or limit of quantification in the extracts of other Garcinia species. Similarly, β-mangostin was quantified only in hexane (1.17 ± 0.01%), chloroform (0.39 ± 0.07%), and ethyl acetate (0.28 ± 0.03%) extracts of G. mangostana. γ-Mangostin was quantified in all 4 extracts of G. mangostana. Its content (%) in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of G. mangostana was 0.84 ± 0.01, 1.04 ± 0.01, 0.63 ± 0.04, and 0.15 ± 0.01, respectively. γ-Mangostin was also quantified in hexane (0.09 ± 0.01), chloroform (0.05 ± 0.01), and ethyl acetate (0.03 ± 0.01) extracts of G. cowa, ethyl acetate extract of G. cambogia (0.02 ± 0.01), G. indica (0.03 ± 0.01), and G. loniceroides (0.07 ± 0.01). Similarly, γ-mangostin was quantified in 3 extracts of G. morella, namely, hexane (0.03 ± 0.01), chloroform (0.04 ± 0.01), and methanol (0.03 ± 0.01). In the case of G. xanthochymus, γ-mangostin was quantified in chloroform (0.03 ± 0.001) extract only. α-Mangostin and β-mangostin were not detected in any of 4 extracts of G. pedunculata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azazahemad A. Kureshi
- 1 Deparment of Applied Chemistry, SVNIT, Surat, Gujarat, India
- 10 ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand-387310, Gujarat, India
| | - Chirag Dholakiya
- 2 Waters (India) Pvt Ltd., S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad-380015, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Amit Mirgal
- 4 Gogate Joglekar College, Ratnagiri-415612, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddhesh P. Salvi
- 5 Regional Fruit Reseach Station, Vengurla-416516, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - C. Beena
- 7 Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Ashish Kar
- 8 The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), North Eastern Regional Centre, Guwahati-781036, Assam, India
| | - T. John Zachariah
- 9 ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut-673012, Kerala, India
| | - Premlata Kumari
- 1 Deparment of Applied Chemistry, SVNIT, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Tushar Dhanani
- 10 ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand-387310, Gujarat, India
| | - Raghuraj Singh
- 10 ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand-387310, Gujarat, India
| | - Satyanshu Kumar
- 10 ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand-387310, Gujarat, India
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Phukhatmuen P, Raksat A, Laphookhieo S, Charoensup R, Duangyod T, Maneerat W. Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antidiabetic compounds from Garcinia cowa leaf extract. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03625. [PMID: 32368636 PMCID: PMC7184531 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy (Clusiaceae) is a Thai local edible plant, which has been used for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study is to discover and identify bioactive compounds related to antidiabetic properties from the leaf extract of G. cowa. α-Glucosidase inhibitory bioassay-guided isolation of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of G.cowa resulted in the isolation and identification of 11 compounds. Of these, a decahydro-1H-xanthene derivative, garciniacowone K (1), was identified as a novel compound. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data and by comparison of their NMR spectroscopic data with those previously reported. All compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and glucose consumption activities. Compound 2 showed the highest efficacy in inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme and promoting glucose consumption activity by 3T3-L1 cells, with IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 13.1 μM, respectively, without causing toxicity to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyaporn Phukhatmuen
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Achara Raksat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Charoensup
- School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Duangyod
- School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Wisanu Maneerat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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16
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Raksat A, Phukhatmuen P, Yang J, Maneerat W, Charoensup R, Andersen RJ, Wang YA, Pyne SG, Laphookhieo S. Phloroglucinol Benzophenones and Xanthones from the Leaves of Garcinia cowa and Their Nitric Oxide Production and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:164-168. [PMID: 31860303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Five new compounds-two phloroglucinol benzophenones, garciniacowones F (1) and G (2), and three xanthones, garciniacowones H (3), I (4), and J (5)-together with seven known xanthones (6-12) were isolated from the fresh leaves of Garcinia cowa. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of NMR and MS data. Compounds 1 and 2 are phloroglucinol benzophenones containing a polyprenylated bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system, while compounds 3-5 are rare xanthones having farnesyl (3 and 5) and geranylgeranyl (5) units at C-8. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 10 exhibited inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values ranging from 5.4 to 18.6 μM. Compounds 4 and 8 had α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 15.4 and 11.4 μM, respectively, which were more potent than that of the acarbose control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen G Pyne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2522 , Australia
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17
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Sukandar ER, Kaennakam S, Rassamee K, Ersam T, Siripong P, Tip-Pyang S. Tetrandraxanthones A-I, Prenylated and Geranylated Xanthones from the Stem Bark of Garcinia tetrandra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1312-1318. [PMID: 30978023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine new xanthones, tetrandraxanthones A-I (1-9), and 22 known xanthones (10-31) were isolated from Garcinia tetrandra stem bark. The structures of 1-9 were characterized through detailed spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and 2D NMR data. Among the compounds tested for their cytotoxicity, 26 showed significant cytotoxic effects against five human cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, HT-29, KB, Hep G2, and HeLa S3, with IC50 values in the range of 1.6-3.4 μM, while 10 and 11 were cytotoxic against the MCF-7, HeLa S3, and KB cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.3-9.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Risky Sukandar
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
- Natural Products and Synthesis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember , Kampus ITS Sukolilo , Surabaya 60111 , Indonesia
| | - Sutin Kaennakam
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
| | - Kitiya Rassamee
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division , National Cancer Institute , Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Taslim Ersam
- Natural Products and Synthesis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember , Kampus ITS Sukolilo , Surabaya 60111 , Indonesia
| | - Pongpun Siripong
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division , National Cancer Institute , Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Santi Tip-Pyang
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
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18
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Khalid RM, Jabit ML, Abas F, Stanslas J, Shaari K, Lajis NH. Cytotoxic Xanthones from the Leaves of Garcinia Urophylla. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new xanthones, 7-hydroxydesoxymorellin (1) and isocaledonixanthone D (2), and four known ones, gaudichaudione H, 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)xanthone, 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)xanthone, and 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)xanthone, as well as lupeol were isolated from the leaves of Garcinia urophylla (Guttiferae). Their structures were determined using a combination of 1D (1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT) and 2D (COSY, gHSQC, gHMBC) NMR spectroscopic techniques. Among the isolates, 7-hydroxydesoxymorellin (1), gaudichaudione H, 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)xanthone, and 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)xanthone demonstrated cytotoxic activities against breast (MCF-7), prostate (DU-145), and lung (NCI-H460) human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozida Mohd Khalid
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md. Lip Jabit
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nordin H. Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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19
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Chowchaikong N, Nilwarangkoon S, Laphookhieo S, Tanunyutthawongse C, Watanapokasin R. p38 inhibitor inhibits the apoptosis of cowanin-treated human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:2031-2040. [PMID: 29620273 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer diagnosed in both men and women, is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Cowanin is a pure compound extracted from Garcinia cowa Roxb., a tree species present in Thailand, Malaysia and Myanmar. The crude extract has been demonstrated to have antitumor activity, inflammation induction, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity and antimalarial activity. In the present study, the effects of cowanin on apoptosis induction and on the apoptosis-related and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were investigated in the LoVo human colorectal cancer cell line. The cytotoxicity of cowanin in LoVo cells was determined by MTT assay. Hoechst 33342 and JC‑1 staining were used to determine nuclear morphological changes and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. The expression levels of BCL2 apoptosis regulator (Bcl‑2) family, MAPK and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) pathway proteins following cowanin treatment were determined by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that cowanin inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death via the apoptosis pathway. Cowanin treatment increased BCL2 associated X (Bax) and decreased Bcl‑2 expression. In addition, cowanin activated caspase‑9, -7 and poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase expression. Furthermore, cowanin decreased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p‑ERK), p‑Akt, p‑3‑phosphoinositide‑dependent protein kinase‑1, while it increased p‑p38 expression, thus resulting in the induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, cowanin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of LoVo cells via the MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. Notably, inhibition of p38 by using a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) prevented the cowanin-induced apoptosis in LoVo cells. These results suggested that cowanin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of colorectal cancer and provided important information on the molecular mechanisms underlying its antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittiya Chowchaikong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Sirinun Nilwarangkoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Chantra Tanunyutthawongse
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Ramida Watanapokasin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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20
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Nguyen NK, Truong XA, Bui TQ, Bui DN, Nguyen HX, Tran PT, Nguyen LHD. α
-Glucosidase Inhibitory Xanthones from the Roots of Garcinia fusca. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nam K. Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Xuyen A. Truong
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Thai Q. Bui
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Dzung N. Bui
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Hai X. Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Phuong T. Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Lien-Hoa D. Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNUHCM-University of Science; 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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21
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Trinh BT, Quach TT, Bui DN, Staerk D, Nguyen LHD, Jäger AK. Xanthones from the twigs of Garcinia oblongifolia and their antidiabetic activity. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:126-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Wahyuni FS, Shaari K, Stanslas J, Lajis NH, Hamidi D. Cytotoxic Properties and Complete Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Assignment of Isolated Xanthones from the Root of Garcinia cowa Roxb. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S52-6. [PMID: 27041859 PMCID: PMC4792000 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To isolate compounds from the roots of Garcinia cowa and to evaluated their cytotoxic activity against breast (MCF-7), prostate (DU-145), and lung (H-460) cell lines. Materials and Methods: The ground air-dried root was sequentially macerated with hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol. The DCM soluble extract was fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography, column chromatography, and radial chromatography over silica gel with hexane, EtOAc and methanol as eluent in progressively increasing polarity manner; to yield three compounds. Their structures were elucidated based on their spectroscopic data and their comparison with those of the literature. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds was carried out against human cell lines by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay. The extract was added at various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/ml). The level of cytotoxicity was determined by calculating the level of IC50 that was based on the percentage of the cell death following the 24 h incubation with the extract. Results: Phytochemical study on the roots of G. cowa yielded rubraxanthone (3), cowanine (4) and 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (5). Compound 4 with an IC50 value of 4.1 ± 1.0 μM, 5.4 ± 2.3 μM and 11.3 ± 10.0 μM against MCF-7, H-460, and DU-145, respectively while compound 3 was found to be in active. Conclusion: The results indicate that G. cowa roots could be important sources of natural cytotoxic compounds. SUMMARY Isolation of cytotoxic compounds from Garcinia cowa Cowanine is the active constituent from the roots of Garcinia cowa Complete nuclear magnetic resonance assignment of isolated compounds MS fragmentation of rubraxanthone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Sri Wahyuni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra 25163, Indonesia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nordin Hj Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dachriyanus Hamidi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra 25163, Indonesia; Faculty of Nursing, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra 25163, Indonesia
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Kaennacowanols A–C, three new xanthones and their cytotoxicity from the roots of Garcinia cowa. Fitoterapia 2015; 102:171-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Antibacterial and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activities of polyhydroxylated xanthones from Garcinia succifolia. Molecules 2014; 19:19923-34. [PMID: 25460314 PMCID: PMC6271254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the wood of Garcinia succifolia Kurz (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation of 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2), 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (3), 1,5,6-trihydroxyxanthone (4), 1,6,7-trihydroxyxanthone (5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6). All of the isolated xanthones were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against bacterial reference strains, two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 6633) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), and environmental drug-resistant isolates (S. aureus B1, Enteroccoccus faecalis W1, and E. coli G1), as well as for their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Only 1,5,6-trihydroxy-(4), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-(5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthones (6) exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, however none was active against vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Additionally, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) showed synergism with oxacillin, but not with ampicillin. On the other hand, only 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1) and 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) were found to exhibit the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 90.34 and 223 nM, respectively.
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25
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Antibacterial tetraoxygenated xanthones from the immature fruits of Garcinia cowa. Fitoterapia 2014; 98:179-83. [PMID: 25110196 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the acetone extract from the immature fruits of Garcinia cowa led to the isolation of two novel tetraoxygenated xanthones, garcicowanones A (1) and B (2), together with eight known tetraoxygeanted xanthones. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus TISTR 688, Bacillus subtilis TISTR 008, Micrococcus luteus TISTR 884, Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466, Escherichia coli TISTR 780, Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR 781, Salmonella typhimurium TISTR 292 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228. α-Mangostin showed potent activity (MIC 0.25-1 μg/mL) against three Gram-positive strains and garcicowanone A and β-mangostin exhibited strong antibacterial activity against B. cereus with the same MIC values of 0.25 μg/mL.
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26
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Ee GCL, See I, Teh SS, Daud S. A new furanoxanthone from Garcinia mangostana. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2014; 16:790-794. [PMID: 24670077 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2014.901313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Our phytochemical study on the stem bark of Garcinia mangostana has led to the discovery of a new furanoxanthone, mangaxanthone A (1), together with five known analogs. The five known analogs that were isolated are α-mangostin (2), β-mangostin (3), cowagarcinone B (4), and dulcisxanthone F (5). The structural elucidations of these compounds were carried out by interpreting their spectroscopic data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectra and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang 43400 , Selangor , Malaysia
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27
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Al-Shagdari A, Alarcón AB, Cuesta-Rubio O, Piccinelli AL, Rastrelli L. Biflavonoids, Main Constituents from Garcinia Bakeriana Leaves. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Garcinia is a source of a large variety of organic compounds including biflavonoids, acylphloroglucinols and xanthones mainly, but few data are available about the chemical composition of Cuban species. The aim of this investigation was to identify the main constituents of G. bakeriana Urb., a rare Cuban endemic plant. A new biflavonoid, 4″’- O-methyl-I3,II8-biapigenin (1), together with 9 known compounds, namely, the biflavonoids amentoflavone (2), 4″’- O-methylamentoflavone (3), 4′- O-methylcupressuflavone (4), GB-2a (5), volkensiflavone (6), 6″-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)-amentoflavone (7), I3,II8-biapigenin (8), and GB-1a (9), and the xanthone norathyriol (10), were isolated from the leaves of this species. All the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as ESIMS analysis. These results showed that the isolated biflavonoids possess a C-C interflavonoid linkage between the apigenin units or its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Shagdari
- Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos (IFAL), Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Adonis Bello Alarcón
- Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos (IFAL), Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Osmany Cuesta-Rubio
- Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos (IFAL), Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Luca Rastrelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Siridechakorn I, Phakhodee W, Ritthiwigrom T, Promgool T, Deachathai S, Cheenpracha S, Prawat U, Laphookhieo S. Antibacterial dihydrobenzopyran and xanthone derivatives from Garcinia cowa stem barks. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:1430-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Trisuwan K, Ritthiwigrom T. Benzophenone and xanthone derivatives from the inflorescences of Garcinia cowa. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1733-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-1004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tantapakul C, Phakhodee W, Ritthiwigrom T, Cheenpracha S, Prawat U, Deachathai S, Laphookhieo S. Rearranged benzophenones and prenylated xanthones from Garcinia propinqua twigs. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1660-1664. [PMID: 22963193 DOI: 10.1021/np300487w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The first phytochemical investigation of Garcinia propinqua has led to the isolation and identification of three new compounds, including two rearranged benzophenones, doitunggarcinones A (1) and B (2), and a xanthone, doitunggarcinone C (3), together with seven known compounds (4-10). The structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, NMR, and MS. The antibacterial activity of the 10 isolates was evaluated against Escherichia coli TISTR 780, Salmonella typhimurium TISTR 292, Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) SK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cholpisut Tantapakul
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) fiber mats containing a crude Garcinia cowa extract for wound dressing applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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32
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Mrazek N, Watla-iad K, Deachathai S, Suteerapataranon S. Rapid antioxidant capacity screening in herbal extracts using a simple flow injection-spectrophotometric system. Food Chem 2012; 132:544-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Ha LD, Hansen PE, Duus F, Pham HD, Nguyen LHD. Oliveridepsidones A-D, antioxidant depsidones from Garcinia oliveri. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2012; 50:242-245. [PMID: 22407733 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Four new prenylated depsidones, oliveridepsidones A-D, were isolated from the bark of Garcinia oliveri collected in Vietnam. Their structures were elucidated using mainly NMR techniques ((1)H and (13)C NMR, HMQC, HMBC and NOE experiments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Dieu Ha
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, HCM City University of Natural Sciences, HCM City, Vietnam
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Negi PS, Jayaprakasha GK, Jena BS. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activities of the Extracts from the Fruit Rinds ofGarcinia cowa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10942910903050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Djoufack GLN, Valant-Vetschera KM, Schinnerl J, Brecker L, Lorbeer E, Robien W. Xanthones, Biflavanones and Triterpenes from Pentadesma grandifolia (Clusiaceae): Structural Determination and Bioactivity. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem bark, roots, leaves and fruits of Pentadesma grandifolia Baker f. (Clusiaceae) have been analyzed for the presence of xanthones, biflavonoids and triterpenoids. Isolated and identified structures include the xanthones cowagarcinone B (1) and α-mangostin (2), further the two biflavanones 3,8″-binaringenin (3) and the corresponding 3,6″-binaringenin (4), which is here reported as natural constituent for the first time. Structures were determined by NMR and mass spectrometry, as well as by 13C-NMR CSEARCH and SPECINFO database systems. The triterpenes lupeol (5), ß-amyrin (6) and betulin (7) were also encountered. Compounds 2 - 4 exhibited antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum. Results are discussed in context to organ-specific accumulation and to other bioactivities that may relate to the ethnomedicinal uses of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Leontine Nwabouloun Djoufack
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany – Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty Center of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Karin M. Valant-Vetschera
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany – Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty Center of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Johann Schinnerl
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany – Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty Center of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Lothar Brecker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraβe 38, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Eberhard Lorbeer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraβe 38, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Robien
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraβe 38, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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Xu G, Kan WLT, Zhou Y, Song JZ, Han QB, Qiao CF, Cho CH, Rudd JA, Lin G, Xu HX. Cytotoxic acylphloroglucinol derivatives from the twigs of Garcinia cowa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:104-108. [PMID: 20058933 DOI: 10.1021/np9004147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An unusual polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative unsubstituted at C-2 and C-6, garcicowin A (1), together with three other new (garcicowins B-D, 2-4) and nine known analogues, was isolated and characterized from the twigs of Garcinia cowa. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. The compounds isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines (HT-29 and HCT116) and against normal colon cells (CCD-18Co), and the results demonstrated their selective toxicity toward the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- Chinese Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Panthong K, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Panthong A. Cowaxanthone F, a new tetraoxygenated xanthone, and other anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds from Garcinia cowa. CAN J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1139/v09-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new tetraoxygenated xanthone, cowaxanthone F (1), as well as four known compounds, morelloflavone (2), volkensiflavone (3), morelloflavone-7″-O-glucoside (fukugiside, 4), and 1,6-dihydroxyxanthone (5), were isolated from the crude acetone extract of the twigs of Garcinia cowa (Guttiferae). All compounds (1–5) were tested for antioxidant activity against DPPH (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl), hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals; only morelloflavone (2) and morelloflavone-7″-O-glucoside (4) exhibited high potency. Eight tetraoxygenated xanthones from the fruits of G. cowa , cowaxanthones A–D (6–9), cowanin (15), α-mangostin (16), mangostanin (17), and cowanol (18), were also investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema. Assessment at 30, 60, and 120 min revealed that cowaxanthones B–D (7–9), cowanin (15), and α-mangostin (16) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity when compared to phenylbutazone, while cowaxanthone A (6), mangostanin (17), and cowanol (18) showed less activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanda Panthong
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovation in Chemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nongporn Hutadilok-Towatana
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovation in Chemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ampai Panthong
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovation in Chemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Ngoupayo J, Tabopda TK, Ali MS. Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of prenylated xanthones from twigs of Garcinia staudtii. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5688-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Revised: 05/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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ZHONG F, CHEN Y, WANG P, FENG H, YANG G. Xanthones from the Bark ofGarcinia xanthochymusand Their 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical-Scavenging Activity. CHINESE J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200990029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Negi P, Jayaprakasha G, Jena B. Antibacterial activity of the extracts from the fruit rinds of Garcinia cowa and Garcinia pedunculata against food borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Prayong P, Barusrux S, Weerapreeyakul N. Cytotoxic activity screening of some indigenous Thai plants. Fitoterapia 2008; 79:598-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2007] [Accepted: 06/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tian Z, Shen J, Moseman AP, Yang Q, Yang J, Xiao P, Wu E, Kohane IS. Dulxanthone A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosisvia up-regulation of p53 through mitochondrial pathway in HepG2 cells. Int J Cancer 2007; 122:31-8. [PMID: 17847033 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural products derived from plants provide a rich source for development of new anticancer drugs. Dulxanthone A was found to be an active cytotoxic component in Garcinia cowa by bioactivity-directed isolation. Studies to elucidate the cytotoxic mechanisms of dulxanthone A showed that dulxanthone A consistently induced S phase arrest and apoptosis in the most sensitive cell line HepG2. Furthermore, p53 was dramatically up-regulated, leading to altered expression of downstream proteins upon dulxanthone A treatment. Cell cycle related proteins, such as cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin E, cdc-2, p21 and p27 were down-regulated. Some apoptosis correlated proteins were also altered following the drug treatment. Bcl-2 family members PUMA was up-regulated while Bcl-2 and Bax were down-regulated. However, the expression ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased. This resulted in the release of cytochrome C from the mitochondria to the cytosol. Concurrently, Apaf-1 was stimulated with p53 by dulxanthone A. In result, cytochrome C, Apaf-1 and procaspase-9 form an apoptosome, which in turn triggered the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and downstream caspase substrates. Lamin A/C and PARP were down-regulated or cleaved, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by dulxanthone A were markedly inhibited by siRNA knockdown of p53. In summary, dulxanthone A is an active cytotoxic component of G. cowa. It induces cell cycle arrest at lower concentrations and triggers apoptosis at higher concentrations via up-regulation of p53 through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in HepG2 cells. Dulxanthone A is therefore likely a promising preventive and/or therapeutic agent against Hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Tian
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program at Harvard- MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Suffredini IB, Paciencia ML, Nepomuceno DC, Younes RN, Varella AD. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of Brazilian plant extracts--Clusiaceae. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101:287-90. [PMID: 16862324 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve extracts obtained from nine plants belonging to six different genera of Clusiaceae were analyzed against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) bacteria using the microdilution broth assay. Tovomita aff. longifolia, T. brasiliensis, Clusia columnaris, Garcinia madruno, Haploclathra paniculata, and Caraipa grandifolia extracts showed significant results against the bacteria. The organic extract obtained from the leaves of T. aff. longifolia showed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 70 microg/ml and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) = 90 microg/ml against E. faecalis and the organic extract made with the stem of C. columnaris showed MIC = 180 microg/ml and MBC = 270 microg/ml against P. aeruginosa. None of the antibacterial extracts showed lethal activity against brine shrimp nauplii. On the other hand, both aqueous and organic extracts obtained from the aerial organs of Vismia guianensis that were cytotoxic to brine shrimp nauplii did not show a significant antibacterial activity in the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana B Suffredini
- Laboratório de Extração, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, 01310-100, Brasil.
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Panthong K, Pongcharoen W, Phongpaichit S, Taylor WC. Tetraoxygenated xanthones from the fruits of Garcinia cowa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:999-1004. [PMID: 16678870 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Revised: 02/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tetraoxygenated xanthones, cowaxanthones A-E, together with 10 previously reported tetraoxygenated xanthones, were isolated from the crude hexane extract of the fruits of Garcinia cowa. Cowaxanthone B has previously been reported as a synthetic xanthone. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, especially by 1D and 2D NMR. The antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanda Panthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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Abstract
Two new xanthones, 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-4-(3-hydroxyl-3-methylbutyl)xanthone (1) and 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6',6'-dimethyl-2H-pyrano(2',3':6,7)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (2), have been isolated together with six known xanthones: 1,3,5-trihydroxy-6',6'-dimethyl-2H-pyrano(2',3':6,7)xanthone (3), dulxanthone A (4), 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (5), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (6), 1,3,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone (7), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (8), from the stems of Garcinia cowa (Guttiferae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Deachathai S, Mahabusarakam W, Phongpaichit S, Taylor WC. Phenolic compounds from the fruit of Garcinia dulcis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2005; 66:2368-75. [PMID: 16111726 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2004] [Revised: 03/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dulcinoside (1), dulcisisoflavone (2), dulcisxanthone A (3) and sphaerobioside acetate (6) together with 22 known compounds were isolated from the green fruit of G. dulcis. Dulcisflavan (4), dulcisxanthone B (5) and isonormangostin (7) together with 22 known compounds were isolated from the ripe fruit. Compounds 6 and 7 were synthetic known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. The radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of some of the compounds were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deachathai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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