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Czékus Z, Martics A, Pollák B, Kukri A, Tari I, Ördög A, Poór P. The local and systemic accumulation of ethylene determines the rapid defence responses induced by flg22 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 287:154041. [PMID: 37339571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant defence responses induced by the bacterial elicitor flg22 are highly dependent on phytohormones, including gaseous ethylene (ET). While the regulatory role of ET in local defence responses to flg22 exposure has been demonstrated, its contribution to the induction of systemic responses is not clearly understood. For this consideration, we examined the effects of different ET modulators on the flg22-induced local and systemic defence progression. In our experiments, ET biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinyl glycine (AVG) or ET receptor blocker silver thiosulphate (STS) were applied 1 h before flg22 treatments and 1 h later the rapid local and systemic responses were detected in the leaves of intact tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Based on our results, AVG not only diminished the flg22-induced ET accumulation locally, but also in the younger leaves confirming the role of ET in the whole-plant expanding defence progression. This increase in ET emission was accompanied by increased local expression of SlACO1, which was reduced by AVG and STS. Local ET biosynthesis upon flg22 treatment was shown to positively regulate local and systemic superoxide (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, which in turn could contribute to ET accumulation in younger leaves. Confirming the role of ET in flg22-induced rapid defence responses, application of AVG reduced local and systemic ET, O2.- and H2O2 production, whereas STS reduced it primarily in the younger leaves. Interestingly, in addition to flg22, AVG and STS induced stomatal closure alone at whole-plant level, however in the case of combined treatments together with flg22 both ET modulators reduced the rate of stomatal closure in the older- and younger leaves as well. These results demonstrate that both local and systemic ET production in sufficient amounts and active ET signalling are essential for the development of flg22-induced rapid local and systemic defence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Atina Martics
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Boglárka Pollák
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - András Kukri
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Irma Tari
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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2
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Zhao Z, Zhang R, Wang D, Zhang J, Zang S, Zou W, Feng A, You C, Su Y, Wu Q, Que Y. Dissecting the features of TGA gene family in Saccharum and the functions of ScTGA1 under biotic stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107760. [PMID: 37207494 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is an important sugar and energy crop and smut disease caused by Sporisorium scitamineum is a major fungal disease which can seriously reduce the yield and quality of sugarcane. In plants, TGACG motif binding (TGA) transcription factors are involved in the regulation of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) signaling pathways, as well as in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no TGA-related transcription factor has been reported in Saccharum. In the present study, 44 SsTGA genes were identified from Saccharum spontaneum, and were assorted into three clades (I, II, III). Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) analysis revealed that SsTGA genes may be involved in hormone and stress response. RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR analysis indicated that SsTGAs were constitutively expressed in different tissues and induced by S. scitamineum stress. In addition, a ScTGA1 gene (GenBank accession number ON416997) was cloned from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22, which was homologous to SsTGA1e in S. spontaneum and encoded a nucleus protein. It was constitutively expressed in sugarcane tissues and up-regulated by SA, MeJA and S. scitamineum stresses. Furthermore, transient overexpression of ScTGA1 in Nicotiana benthamiana could enhance its resistance to the infection of Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, by regulating the expression of immune genes related to hypersensitive response (HR), ethylene (ET), SA and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. This study should contribute to our understanding on the evolution and function of the SsTGA gene family in Saccharum, and provide a basis for the functional identification of ScTGA1 under biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Renren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongjiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shoujian Zang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenhui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Aoyin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chuihuai You
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Kaiyuan, 661699, Yunnan, China
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Kaiyuan, 661699, Yunnan, China
| | - Qibin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Kaiyuan, 661699, Yunnan, China.
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Kaiyuan, 661699, Yunnan, China.
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3
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Walker PL, Ziegler DJ, Giesbrecht S, McLoughlin A, Wan J, Khan D, Hoi V, Whyard S, Belmonte MF. Control of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) through plant-mediated RNA interference. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6477. [PMID: 37081036 PMCID: PMC10119085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of white mold, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is capable of infecting over 600 plant species and is responsible for significant crop losses across the globe. Control is currently dependent on broad-spectrum chemical agents that can negatively impact the agroecological environment, presenting a need to develop alternative control measures. In this study, we developed transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (AT1703) expressing hairpin (hp)RNA to silence S. sclerotiorum ABHYDROLASE-3 and slow infection through host induced gene silencing (HIGS). Leaf infection assays show reduced S. sclerotiorum lesion size, fungal load, and ABHYDROLASE-3 transcript abundance in AT1703 compared to wild-type Col-0. To better understand how HIGS influences host-pathogen interactions, we performed global RNA sequencing on AT1703 and wild-type Col-0 directly at the site of S. sclerotiorum infection. RNA sequencing data reveals enrichment of the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR) pathway, as well as transcription factors predicted to regulate plant immunity. Using RT-qPCR, we identified predicted interacting partners of ABHYDROLASE-3 in the polyamine synthesis pathway of S. sclerotiorum that demonstrate co-reduction with ABHYDROLASE-3 transcript levels during infection. Together, these results demonstrate the utility of HIGS technology in slowing S. sclerotiorum infection and provide insight into the role of ABHYDROLASE-3 in the A. thaliana-S. sclerotiorum pathosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Dylan J Ziegler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Shayna Giesbrecht
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Austein McLoughlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Joey Wan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Deirdre Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Vanessa Hoi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Steve Whyard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Mark F Belmonte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Tomaž Š, Petek M, Lukan T, Pogačar K, Stare K, Teixeira Prates E, Jacobson DA, Zrimec J, Bajc G, Butala M, Pompe Novak M, Dudley Q, Patron N, Taler-Verčič A, Usenik A, Turk D, Prat S, Coll A, Gruden K. A mini-TGA protein modulates gene expression through heterogeneous association with transcription factors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1934-1952. [PMID: 36517238 PMCID: PMC10022624 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
TGA (TGACG-binding) transcription factors, which bind their target DNA through a conserved basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain, are vital regulators of gene expression in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant immunity. Here, we investigated the role of StTGA2.1, a potato (Solanum tuberosum) TGA lacking the full bZIP, which we named a mini-TGA. Such truncated proteins have been widely assigned as loss-of-function mutants. We, however, confirmed that StTGA2.1 overexpression compensates for SA-deficiency, indicating a distinct mechanism of action compared with model plant species. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we showed that StTGA2.1 can physically interact with StTGA2.2 and StTGA2.3, while its interaction with DNA was not detected. We investigated the changes in transcriptional regulation due to StTGA2.1 overexpression, identifying direct and indirect target genes. Using in planta transactivation assays, we confirmed that StTGA2.1 interacts with StTGA2.3 to activate StPRX07, a member of class III peroxidases (StPRX), which are known to play role in immune response. Finally, via structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, we hypothesized that the compact molecular architecture of StTGA2.1 distorts DNA conformation upon heterodimer binding to enable transcriptional activation. This study demonstrates how protein truncation can lead to distinct functions and that such events should be studied carefully in other protein families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Petek
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Lukan
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Karmen Pogačar
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Stare
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erica Teixeira Prates
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Daniel A Jacobson
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan Zrimec
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Bajc
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Butala
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maruša Pompe Novak
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- School for Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica, 5271 Vipava, Slovenia
| | - Quentin Dudley
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Nicola Patron
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Ajda Taler-Verčič
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Usenik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Turk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Salomé Prat
- Department of Plant Development and Signal Transduction, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, 08193 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Comprehensive analysis of bZIP gene family and function of RcbZIP17 on Botrytis resistance in rose (Rosa chinensis). Gene 2023; 849:146867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Luján-Soto E, Aguirre de la Cruz PI, Juárez-González VT, Reyes JL, Sanchez MDLP, Dinkova TD. Transcriptional Regulation of zma- MIR528a by Action of Nitrate and Auxin in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415718. [PMID: 36555358 PMCID: PMC9779399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, miR528, a monocot-specific miRNA, has been assigned multifaceted roles during development and stress response in several plant species. However, the transcription regulation and the molecular mechanisms controlling MIR528 expression in maize are still poorly explored. Here we analyzed the zma-MIR528a promoter region and found conserved transcription factor binding sites related to diverse signaling pathways, including the nitrate (TGA1/4) and auxin (AuxRE) response networks. Accumulation of both pre-miR528a and mature miR528 was up-regulated by exogenous nitrate and auxin treatments during imbibition, germination, and maize seedling establishment. Functional promoter analyses demonstrated that TGA1/4 and AuxRE sites are required for transcriptional induction by both stimuli. Overall, our findings of the nitrogen- and auxin-induced zma-MIR528a expression through cis-regulatory elements in its promoter contribute to the knowledge of miR528 regulome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Luján-Soto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Méxcio 04510, Mexico
| | - Paola I. Aguirre de la Cruz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Méxcio 04510, Mexico
| | - Vasti T. Juárez-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Méxcio 04510, Mexico
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - José L. Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - María de la Paz Sanchez
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Tzvetanka D. Dinkova
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Méxcio 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5622-5277
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7
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Hu X, Yang L, Ren M, Liu L, Fu J, Cui H. TGA factors promote plant root growth by modulating redox homeostasis or response. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1543-1559. [PMID: 35665443 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To identify novel regulators of stem cell renewal, we mined an existing but little explored cell type-specific transcriptome dataset for the Arabidopsis root. A member of the TGA family of transcription factors, TGA8, was found to be specifically expressed in the quiescent center (QC). Mutation in TGA8 caused a subtle root growth phenotype, suggesting functional redundancy with other TGA members. Using a promoter::HGFP transgenic approach, we showed that all TGA factors were expressed in the root, albeit at different levels and with distinct spatial patterns. Mutant analyses revealed that all TGA factors examined contribute to root growth by promoting stem cell renewal, meristem activity, and cell elongation. Combining transcriptome analyses, histochemical assays, and physiological tests, we demonstrated that functional redundancy exists among members of clades II and V or those in clades I and III. These two groups of TGA factors act differently, however, as their mutants responded to oxidative stress differently and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed they regulate different sets of genes that are involved in redox homeostasis. Our study has thus uncovered a previously unrecognized broad role and a mechanistic explanation for TGA factors in root growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Liyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mengfei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hongchang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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8
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Tomaž Š, Gruden K, Coll A. TGA transcription factors-Structural characteristics as basis for functional variability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:935819. [PMID: 35958211 PMCID: PMC9360754 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.935819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
TGA transcription factors are essential regulators of various cellular processes, their activity connected to different hormonal pathways, interacting proteins and regulatory elements. Belonging to the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family, TGAs operate by binding to their target DNA sequence as dimers through a conserved bZIP domain. Despite sharing the core DNA-binding sequence, the TGA paralogues exert somewhat different DNA-binding preferences. Sequence variability of their N- and C-terminal protein parts indicates their importance in defining TGA functional specificity through interactions with diverse proteins, affecting their DNA-binding properties. In this review, we provide a short and concise summary on plant TGA transcription factors from a structural point of view, including the relation of their structural characteristics to their functional roles in transcription regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Tomaž
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Gruden
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anna Coll
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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9
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Hafsi C, Collado-Arenal AM, Wang H, Sanz-Fernández M, Sahrawy M, Shabala S, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. The role of NADPH oxidases in regulating leaf gas exchange and ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis plants under cadmium stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128217. [PMID: 35077969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase, an enzyme associated with the plasma membrane, constitutes one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which regulate different developmental and adaptive responses in plants. In this work, the involvement of NADPH oxidases in the regulation of photosynthesis and cell ionic homeostasis in response to short cadmium exposure was compared between wild type (WT) and three RBOHs (Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologues) Arabidopsis mutants (AtrbohC, AtrbohD, and AtrbohF). Plants were grown under hydroponic conditions and supplemented with 50 µM CdCl2 for 24 h. Cadmium treatment differentially affected photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and antioxidative responses in WT and Atrbohs mutants. The loss of function of RBOH isoforms resulted in higher Cd2+ influx, mainly in the elongation zone of roots, which was more evident in AtrbohD and AtrbohF mutants. In the mature zone, the highest Cd2+ influx was observed in rbohC mutant. The lack of functional RBOH isoforms also resulted in altered patterns of net K+ transport across cellular membranes, both in the root epidermis and leaf mesophyll. The analysis of expression of metal transporters by qPCR demonstrated that a loss of functional RBOH isoforms has altered transcript levels for metal NRAMP3, NRAMP6 and IRT1 and the K+ transporters outward-rectifying K+ efflux GORK channel, while RBOHD specifically regulated transcripts for high-affinity K+ transporters KUP8 and HAK5, and IRT1 and RBOHD and F regulated the transcription factors TGA3 and TGA10. It is concluded that RBOH-dependent H2O2 regulation of ion homeostasis and Cd is a highly complex process involving multilevel regulation from transpirational water flow to transcriptional and posttranslational modifications of K/metals transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chokri Hafsi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901 - 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja (ISBB), University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba avenue P. O. Box 382 - 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - María Sanz-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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10
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Qi S, Shen Y, Wang X, Zhang S, Li Y, Islam MM, Wang J, Zhao P, Zhan X, Zhang F, Liang Y. A new NLR gene for resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:1493-1509. [PMID: 35179614 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A typical NLR gene, Sl5R-1, which regulates Tomato spotted wilt virus resistance, was fine mapped to a region less than 145 kb in the tomato genome. Tomato spotted wilt is a viral disease caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), which is a devastating disease that affects tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production worldwide, and the resistance provided by the Sw-5 gene has broken down in some cases. In order to identify additional genes that confer resistance to TSWV, the F2 population was mapped using susceptible (M82) and resistant (H149) tomato lines. After 3 years of mapping, the main quantitative trait locus on chromosome 05 was narrowed to a genomic region of 145 kb and was subsequently identified by the F2 population, with 1971 plants in 2020. This region encompassed 14 candidate genes, and in it was found a gene cluster consisting of three genes (Sl5R-1, Sl5R-2, and Sl5R-3) that code for NBS-LRR proteins. The qRT-PCR and virus-induced gene silencing approach results confirmed that Sl5R-1 is a functional resistance gene for TSWV. Analysis of the Sl5R-1 promoter region revealed that there is a SlTGA9 transcription factor binding site caused by a base deletion in resistant plants, and its expression level was significantly up-regulated in infected resistant plants. Analysis of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) levels and the expression of SA- and JA-regulated genes suggest that SlTGA9 interacts or positively regulates Sl5R-1 to affect the SA- and JA-signaling pathways to resist TSWV. These results demonstrate that the identified Sl5R-1 gene regulates TSWV resistance by its own promoter interacting with the transcription factor SlTGA9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Qi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanbo Shen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yushun Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Md Monirul Islam
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Pogány M, Dankó T, Hegyi-Kaló J, Kámán-Tóth E, Szám DR, Hamow KÁ, Kalapos B, Kiss L, Fodor J, Gullner G, Váczy KZ, Barna B. Redox and Hormonal Changes in the Transcriptome of Grape (Vitis vinifera) Berries during Natural Noble Rot Development. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070864. [PMID: 35406844 PMCID: PMC9003472 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Noble rot is a favorable form of the interaction between grape (Vitis spp.) berries and the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The transcriptome pattern of grapevine cells subject to natural noble rot development in the historic Hungarian Tokaj wine region has not been previously published. Furmint, a traditional white Tokaj variety suited to develop great quality noble rot was used in the experiments. Exploring a subset of the Furmint transcriptome redox and hormonal changes distinguishing between noble rot and bunch rot was revealed. Noble rot is defined by an early spike in abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and a pronounced remodeling of ABA-related gene expression. Transcription of glutathione S-transferase isoforms is uniquely upregulated, whereas gene expression of some sectors of the antioxidative apparatus (e.g., catalases, carotenoid biosynthesis) is downregulated. These mRNA responses are lacking in berries exposed to bunch rot. Our results help to explain molecular details behind the fine and dynamic balance between noble rot and bunch rot development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Pogány
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tamás Dankó
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Júlia Hegyi-Kaló
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (J.H.-K.); (K.Z.V.)
| | - Evelin Kámán-Tóth
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Dorottya Réka Szám
- Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
| | - Kamirán Áron Hamow
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Levente Kiss
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - József Fodor
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Gábor Gullner
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Kálmán Zoltán Váczy
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (J.H.-K.); (K.Z.V.)
| | - Balázs Barna
- Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (T.D.); (E.K.-T.); (K.Á.H.); (B.K.); or (L.K.); (J.F.); (G.G.); (B.B.)
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12
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Ke D, He Y, Fan L, Niu R, Cheng L, Wang L, Zhang Z. The soybean TGA transcription factor GmTGA13 plays important roles in the response to salinity stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:313-322. [PMID: 34741387 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oil, food and economic crop in the world. High salinity severely affects the growth and yield of soybean. Overexpressing a specific anti-retroviral transcription factor by biotechnology is an effective way to cultivate new stress-tolerant varieties of soybean. TGA transcription factor is a subfamily of bZIP and plays an important role in abiotic stress responses. A TGA subfamily gene GmTGA13 was cloned and the gene expression, subcellular localization and transcriptional activity were measured. Through the Ag. tumefaciens mediated flower dip method and the Ag. rhizogenes mediated transformation of soybean hairy roots, the transgenic Arabidopsis and the 'combination' soybean plants of overexpressing GmTGA13 were obtained. The two types of transgenic plants were treated with salt stress respectively, and the related physiological indexes were determined. Furthermore, the expression levels of five abiotic stress responsive genes were analyzed in GmTGA13 overexpression hairy roots. GmTGA13 gene was highly expressed in roots and significantly induced by saline stress in soybean. GmTGA13 encoded a nuclear localization protein and had transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of GmTGA13 enhanced the saline stress tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis and the 'combination' soybean plants. Furthermore, overexpression of GmTGA13 enhanced the expression of the stress responsive genes in transgenic soybean hairy roots. In conclusion, overexpression of GmTGA13 is beneficial to the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ by the cell, thereby regulating the ion homeostasis in the cell balance. GmTGA13 enhanced salt resistance of plants by regulating the expression of many stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ke
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Y He
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Fan
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - R Niu
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Cheng
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - L Wang
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Z Zhang
- College of Life Sciences & Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
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13
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Jiang H, Gu S, Li K, Gai J. Two TGA Transcription Factor Members from Hyper-Susceptible Soybean Exhibiting Significant Basal Resistance to Soybean mosaic virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11329. [PMID: 34768757 PMCID: PMC8583413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TGA transcription factors (TFs) exhibit basal resistance in Arabidopsis, but susceptibility to a pathogen attack in tomatoes; however, their roles in soybean (Glycine max) to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) are unknown. In this study, 27 TGA genes were isolated from a SMV hyper-susceptible soybean NN1138-2, designated GmTGA1~GmTGA27, which were clustered into seven phylogenetic groups. The expression profiles of GmTGAs showed that the highly expressed genes were mainly in Groups I, II, and VII under non-induction conditions, while out of the 27 GmTGAs, 19 responded to SMV-induction. Interestingly, in further transient N. benthamiana-SMV pathosystem assay, all the 19 GmTGAs overexpressed did not promote SMV infection in inoculated leaves, but they exhibited basal resistance except one without function. Among the 18 functional ones, GmTGA8 and GmTGA19, with similar motif distribution, nuclear localization sequence and interaction proteins, showed a rapid response to SMV infection and performed better than the others in inhibiting SMV multiplication. This finding suggested that GmTGA TFs may support basal resistance to SMV even from a hyper-susceptible source. What the mechanism of the genes (GmTGA8, GmTGA19, etc.) with basal resistance to SMV is and what their potential for the future improvement of resistance to SMV in soybeans is, are to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jiang
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.J.); (S.G.); (K.L.)
- MOA National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengyu Gu
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.J.); (S.G.); (K.L.)
- MOA National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kai Li
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.J.); (S.G.); (K.L.)
- MOA National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junyi Gai
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.J.); (S.G.); (K.L.)
- MOA National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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14
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Xu X, Xu J, Yuan C, Hu Y, Liu Q, Chen Q, Zhang P, Shi N, Qin C. Characterization of genes associated with TGA7 during the floral transition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:367. [PMID: 34380420 PMCID: PMC8359562 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TGACG-binding (TGA) family has 10 members that play vital roles in Arabidopsis thaliana defense responses and development. However, their involvement in controlling flowering time remains largely unknown and requires further investigation. RESULTS To study the role of TGA7 during floral transition, we first investigated the tga7 mutant, which displayed a delayed-flowering phenotype under both long-day and short-day conditions. We then performed a flowering genetic pathway analysis and found that both autonomous and thermosensory pathways may affect TGA7 expression. Furthermore, to reveal the differential gene expression profiles between wild-type (WT) and tga7, cDNA libraries were generated for WT and tga7 mutant seedlings at 9 days after germination. For each library, deep-sequencing produced approximately 6.67 Gb of high-quality sequences, with the majority (84.55 %) of mRNAs being between 500 and 3,000 nt. In total, 325 differentially expressed genes were identified between WT and tga7 mutant seedlings. Among them, four genes were associated with flowering time control. The differential expression of these four flowering-related genes was further validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Among these four differentially expressed genes associated with flowering time control, FLC and MAF5 may be mainly responsible for the delayed-flowering phenotype in tga7, as TGA7 expression was regulated by autonomous pathway genes. These results provide a framework for further studying the role of TGA7 in promoting flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Xu
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingya Xu
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yikai Hu
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinggang Liu
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nongnong Shi
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Cheng Qin
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Venturuzzi AL, Rodriguez MC, Conti G, Leone M, Caro MDP, Montecchia JF, Zavallo D, Asurmendi S. Negative modulation of SA signaling components by the capsid protein of tobacco mosaic virus is required for viral long-distance movement. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:896-912. [PMID: 33837606 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An important aspect of plant-virus interaction is the way viruses dynamically move over long distances and how plant immunity modulates viral systemic movement. Salicylic acid (SA), a well-characterized hormone responsible for immune responses against virus, is activated through different transcription factors including TGA and WRKY. In tobamoviruses, evidence suggests that capsid protein (CP) is required for long-distance movement, although its precise role has not been fully characterized yet. Previously, we showed that the CP of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)-Cg negatively modulates the SA-mediated defense. In this study, we analyzed the impact of SA-defense mechanism on the long-distance transport of a truncated version of TMV (TMV ∆CP virus) that cannot move to systemic tissues. The study showed that the negative modulation of NPR1 and TGA10 factors allows the long-distance transport of TMV ∆CP virus. Moreover, we observed that the stabilization of DELLA proteins promotes TMV ∆CP systemic movement. We also characterized a group of genes, part of a network modulated by CP, involved in TMV ∆CP long-distance transport. Altogether, our results indicate that CP-mediated downregulation of SA signaling pathway is required for the virus systemic movement, and this role of CP may be linked to its ability to stabilize DELLA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Laura Venturuzzi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Maria Cecilia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Conti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Melisa Leone
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Maria Del Pilar Caro
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Juan Francisco Montecchia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Diego Zavallo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Asurmendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Argentina
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16
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Insight into the bZIP Gene Family in Solanum tuberosum: Genome and Transcriptome Analysis to Understand the Roles of Gene Diversification in Spatiotemporal Gene Expression and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010253. [PMID: 33383823 PMCID: PMC7796262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) form homodimers and heterodimers via the coil–coil region. The bZIP dimerization network influences gene expression across plant development and in response to a range of environmental stresses. The recent release of the most comprehensive potato reference genome was used to identify 80 StbZIP genes and to characterize their gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, and gene expression profiles. The StbZIP genes have undergone 22 segmental and one tandem duplication events. Ka/Ks analysis suggested that most duplications experienced purifying selection. Amino acid sequence alignments and phylogenetic comparisons made with the Arabidopsis bZIP family were used to assign the StbZIP genes to functional groups based on the Arabidopsis orthologs. The patterns of introns and exons were conserved within the assigned functional groups which are supportive of the phylogeny and evidence of a common progenitor. Inspection of the leucine repeat heptads within the bZIP domains identified a pattern of attractive pairs favoring homodimerization, and repulsive pairs favoring heterodimerization. These patterns of attractive and repulsive heptads were similar within each functional group for Arabidopsis and S. tuberosum orthologs. High-throughput RNA-seq data indicated the most highly expressed and repressed genes that might play significant roles in tissue growth and development, abiotic stress response, and response to pathogens including Potato virus X. These data provide useful information for further functional analysis of the StbZIP gene family and their potential applications in crop improvement.
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17
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Jiménez-Morales E, Aguilar-Hernández V, Aguilar-Henonin L, Guzmán P. Molecular basis for neofunctionalization of duplicated E3 ubiquitin ligases underlying adaptation to drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:474-492. [PMID: 33164265 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multigene families in plants expanded from ancestral genes via gene duplication mechanisms constitute a significant fraction of the coding genome. Although most duplicated genes are lost over time, many are retained in the genome. Clusters of tandemly arrayed genes are commonly found in the plant genome where they can promote expansion of gene families. In the present study, promoter fusion to the GUS reporter gene was used to examine the promoter architecture of duplicated E3 ligase genes that are part of group C in the Arabidopsis thaliana ATL family. Acquisition of gene expression by AtATL78, possibly generated from defective AtATL81 expression, is described. AtATL78 expression was purportedly enhanced by insertion of a TATA box within the core promoter region after a short tandem duplication that occurred during evolution of Brassicaceae lineages. This gene is associated with an adaptation to drought tolerance of A. thaliana. These findings also suggest duplicated genes could serve as a reservoir of tacit genetic information, and expression of these duplicated genes is activated upon acquisition of core promoter sequences. Remarkably, drought transcriptome profiling in response to rehydration suggests that ATL78-dependent gene expression predominantly affects genes with root-specific activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Jiménez-Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, México
| | - Victor Aguilar-Hernández
- CONACYT, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Laura Aguilar-Henonin
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, México
| | - Plinio Guzmán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, México
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18
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Wang Y, Gao Y, Zang P, Xu Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals underlying immune response mechanism of fungal (Penicillium oxalicum) disease in Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. chow (Orchidaceae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:445. [PMID: 32993485 PMCID: PMC7525978 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow is a medicinal plant. G. elata f. glauca is unavoidably infected by pathogens in their growth process. In previous work, we have successfully isolated and identified Penicillium oxalicum from fungal diseased tubers of G. elata f. glauca. As a widespread epidemic, this fungal disease seriously affected the yield and quality of G. elata f. glauca. We speculate that the healthy G. elata F. glauca might carry resistance genes, which can resist against fungal disease. In this study, healthy and fungal diseased mature tubers of G. elata f. glauca from Changbai Mountain area were used as experimental materials to help us find potential resistance genes against the fungal disease. RESULTS A total of 7540 differentially expressed Unigenes (DEGs) were identified (FDR < 0.01, log2FC > 2). The current study screened 10 potential resistance genes. They were attached to transcription factors (TFs) in plant hormone signal transduction pathway and plant pathogen interaction pathway, including WRKY22, GH3, TIFY/JAZ, ERF1, WRKY33, TGA. In addition, four of these genes were closely related to jasmonic acid signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The immune response mechanism of fungal disease in G. elata f. glauca is a complex biological process, involving plant hormones such as ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and disease-resistant transcription factors such as WRKY, TGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Pu Zang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
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19
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Jiang G, Yin D, Shi Y, Zhou Z, Li C, Liu P, Jia Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Yu M, Wu X, Zhai W, Zhu L. OsNPR3.3-dependent salicylic acid signaling is involved in recessive gene xa5-mediated immunity to rice bacterial blight. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6313. [PMID: 32286394 PMCID: PMC7156675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a key natural component that mediates local and systemic resistance to pathogens in many dicotyledonous species. However, its function is controversial in disease resistance in rice plants. Here, we show that the SA signaling is involved in both pathogen-associated-molecular-patterns triggered immunity (PTI) and effector triggered immunity (ETI) to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) mediated by the recessive gene xa5, in which OsNPR3.3 plays an important role through interacting with TGAL11. Rice plants containing homozygous xa5 gene respond positively to exogenous SA, and their endogenous SA levels are also especially induced upon infection by the Xoo strain, PXO86. Depletion of endogenous SA can significantly attenuate plant resistance to PXO86, even to 86∆HrpXG (mutant PXO86 with a damaged type III secretion system). These results indicated that SA plays an important role in disease resistance in rice plants, which can be clouded by high levels of endogenous SA and the use of particular rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghuai Jiang
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dedong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanfeng Jia
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Minxiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xianghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenxue Zhai
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Lihuang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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20
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Yoon MY, Kim MY, Ha J, Lee T, Kim KD, Lee SH. QTL Analysis of Resistance to High-Intensity UV-B Irradiation in Soybean ( Glycine max [L.] Merr.). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3287. [PMID: 31277435 PMCID: PMC6651677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-intensity ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation is a complex abiotic stressor resulting in excessive light exposure, heat, and dehydration, thereby affecting crop yields. In the present study, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to high-intensity UV-B irradiation in soybean (Glycine max [L.]). We used a genotyping-by-sequencing approach using an F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Cheongja 3 (UV-B sensitive) and Buseok (UV-B resistant). We evaluated the degree of leaf damage by high-intensity UV-B radiation in the RIL population and identified four QTLs, UVBR12-1, 6-1, 10-1, and 14-1, for UV-B stress resistance, together explaining 20% of the observed phenotypic variation. The genomic regions containing UVBR12-1 and UVBR6-1 and their syntenic blocks included other known biotic and abiotic stress-related QTLs. The QTL with the highest logarithm of odds (LOD) score of 3.76 was UVBR12-1 on Chromosome 12, containing two genes encoding spectrin beta chain, brain (SPTBN, Glyma.12g088600) and bZIP transcription factor21/TGACG motif-binding 9 (bZIP TF21/TGA9, Glyma.12g088700). Their amino acid sequences did not differ between the mapping parents, but both genes were significantly upregulated by UV-B stress in Buseok but not in Cheongja 3. Among five genes in UVBR6-1 on Chromosome 6, Glyma.06g319700 (encoding a leucine-rich repeat family protein) had two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms differentiating the parental lines. Our findings offer powerful genetic resources for efficient and precise breeding programs aimed at developing resistant soybean cultivars to multiple stresses. Furthermore, functional validation of the candidate genes will improve our understanding of UV-B stress defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Yoon
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jungmin Ha
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taeyoung Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | | - Suk-Ha Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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21
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Yang Z, Sun J, Chen Y, Zhu P, Zhang L, Wu S, Ma D, Cao Q, Li Z, Xu T. Genome-wide identification, structural and gene expression analysis of the bZIP transcription factor family in sweet potato wild relative Ipomoea trifida. BMC Genet 2019; 20:41. [PMID: 31023242 PMCID: PMC6482516 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-019-0743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor is one of the most abundant and conserved transcription factor families. In addition to being involved in growth and development, bZIP transcription factors also play an important role in plant adaption to abiotic stresses. Results A total of 41 bZIP genes that encode 66 proteins were identified in Ipomoea trifida. They were distributed on 14 chromosomes of Ipomoea trifida. Segmental and tandem duplication analysis showed that segmental duplication played an important role in the ItfbZIP gene amplification. ItfbZIPs were divided into ten groups (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and S groups) according to their phylogenetic relationships with Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana. The regularity of the exon/intron numbers and distributions is consistent with the group classification in evolutionary tree. Prediction of the cis-acting elements found that promoter regions of ItfbZIPs harbored several stress responsive cis-acting elements. Protein three-dimensional structural analysis indicated that ItfbZIP proteins mainly consisted of α-helices and random coils. The gene expression pattern from transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis showed that ItfbZIP genes expressed with a tissue-specific manner and differently expressed under various abiotic stresses, suggesting that the ItfbZIPs were involved in stress response and adaption in Ipomoea trifida. Conclusions Genome-wide identification, gene structure, phylogeny and expression analysis of bZIP gene in Ipomoea trifida supplied a solid theoretical foundation for the functional study of bZIP gene family and further facilitated the molecular breeding of sweet potato. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-019-0743-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmei Yang
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shaoyuan Wu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Daifu Ma
- Xuzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sweet Potato Research Institute, CAAS, Xuzhou, 221121, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinghe Cao
- Xuzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sweet Potato Research Institute, CAAS, Xuzhou, 221121, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Key lab of phylogeny and comparative genomics of the Jiangsu province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.
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22
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Wang P, Nolan TM, Yin Y, Bassham DC. Identification of transcription factors that regulate ATG8 expression and autophagy in Arabidopsis. Autophagy 2019; 16:123-139. [PMID: 30909785 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1598753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in eukaryotes that contributes to cell survival in response to multiple stresses and is important for organism fitness. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the core machinery of autophagy is well defined, but its transcriptional regulation is largely unknown. The ATG8 (autophagy-related 8) protein plays central roles in decorating autophagosomes and binding to specific cargo receptors to recruit cargo to autophagosomes. We propose that the transcriptional control of ATG8 genes is important during the formation of autophagosomes and therefore contributes to survival during stress. Here, we describe a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) screen for transcription factors (TFs) that regulate ATG8 gene expression in Arabidopsis, using the promoters of 4 ATG8 genes. We identified a total of 225 TFs from 35 families that bind these promoters. The TF-ATG8 promoter interactions revealed a wide array of diverse TF families for different promoters, as well as enrichment for families of TFs that bound to specific fragments. These TFs are not only involved in plant developmental processes but also in the response to environmental stresses. TGA9 (TGACG (TGA) motif-binding protein 9)/AT1G08320 was confirmed as a positive regulator of autophagy. TGA9 overexpression activated autophagy under both control and stress conditions and transcriptionally up-regulated expression of ATG8B, ATG8E and additional ATG genes via binding to their promoters. Our results provide a comprehensive resource of TFs that regulate ATG8 gene expression and lay a foundation for understanding the transcriptional regulation of plant autophagy.Abbreviations: ABRC: Arabidopsis biological resource center; AP2-EREBP: APETALA2/Ethylene-responsive element binding protein; ARF: auxin response factor; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; ATG: autophagy-related; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation; DAP-seq: DNA affinity purification sequencing; FOXO: forkhead box O; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GO: gene ontologies; HB: homeobox; LD: long-day; LUC: firefly luciferase; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MDC: monodansylcadaverine; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; OE: overexpressing; PCD: programmed cell death; qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction; REN: renilla luciferase; RT: room temperature; SD: standard deviation; TF: transcription factor; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TGA: TGACG motif; TOR: target of rapamycin; TSS: transcription start site; WT: wild-type; Y1H: yeast one-hybrid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Trevor M Nolan
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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23
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Tanabe N, Noshi M, Mori D, Nozawa K, Tamoi M, Shigeoka S. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, bHLH11 functions in the iron-uptake system in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019; 132:93-105. [PMID: 30417276 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-018-1068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a micronutrient that is essential for plant development and growth. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are a superfamily of transcription factors that are important regulatory components in transcriptional networks in plants. bHLH transcription factors have been divided into subclasses based on their amino acid sequences and domain structures. Among the members of clade IVb (PYE, bHLH121, and bHLH11), the functions of bHLH11 remain unclear. In the present study, we characterized bHLH11 as a negative regulator of Fe homeostasis. bHLH11 expression levels were high in the roots and up-regulated after plants were transferred to Fe sufficient conditions. Although T-DNA knockout mutants of bHLH11 were lethal, dominant negative (DN-) and overexpression (OX-) of bHLH11 plants exhibited sensitivity to Fe deficiency. Furthermore, the expression of FIT, a master regulator of Fe deficiency responses, was suppressed in the transgenic plants. These results suggest that the transcriptional repressor bHLH11 functions as a negative regulator of FIT-dependent Fe uptake and modulates Fe levels in Arabidopsis plants. Salicylic acid (SA) modulates the expression of genes involved in Fe-deficient responses. We found that SA levels were elevated in DN- and OX-bHLH11 plants. The T-DNA insertion mutant sid2-1, which was defective for the production of SA, did not exhibit sensitivity to Fe deficiency; however, the crossed plants of OX-bHLH11 and sid2-1 relieved sensitivity to the Fe deficiency observed in OX-bHLH11 plants. These results suggest that the accumulation of SA is closely related to iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Tanabe
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Noshi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nozawa
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tamoi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Shigeru Shigeoka
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
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24
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Li B, Liu Y, Cui XY, Fu JD, Zhou YB, Zheng WJ, Lan JH, Jin LG, Chen M, Ma YZ, Xu ZS, Min DH. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of Soybean TGA Transcription Factors Identified a Novel TGA Gene Involved in Drought and Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:549. [PMID: 31156656 PMCID: PMC6531876 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The TGA transcription factors, a subfamily of bZIP group D, play crucial roles in various biological processes, including the regulation of growth and development as well as responses to pathogens and abiotic stress. In this study, 27 TGA genes were identified in the soybean genome. The expression patterns of GmTGA genes showed that several GmTGA genes are differentially expressed under drought and salt stress conditions. Among them, GmTGA17 was strongly induced by both stress, which were verificated by the promoter-GUS fusion assay. GmTGA17 encodes a nuclear-localized protein with transcriptional activation activity. Heterologous and homologous overexpression of GmTGA17 enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress in both transgeinc Arabidopsis plants and soybean hairy roots. However, RNAi hairy roots silenced for GmTGA17 exhibited an increased sensitivity to drought and salt stress. In response to drought or salt stress, transgenic Arabidopsis plants had an increased chlorophyll and proline contents, a higher ABA content, a decreased MDA content, a reduced water loss rate, and an altered expression of ABA- responsive marker genes compared with WT plants. In addition, transgenic Arabidopsis plants were more sensitive to ABA in stomatal closure. Similarly, measurement of physiological parameters showed an increase in chlorophyll and proline contents, with a decrease in MDA content in soybean seedlings with overexpression hairy roots after drought and salt stress treatments. The opposite results for each measurement were observed in RNAi lines. This study provides new insights for functional analysis of soybean TGA transcription factors in abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Yan Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Dong Fu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
| | - Jin-Hao Lan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Long-Guo Jin
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Shi Xu, Dong-Hong Min,
| | - Dong-Hong Min
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Shi Xu, Dong-Hong Min,
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25
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Noshi M, Tanabe N, Okamoto Y, Mori D, Ohme-Takagi M, Tamoi M, Shigeoka S. Clade Ib basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, bHLH101, acts as a regulatory component in photo-oxidative stress responses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 274:101-108. [PMID: 30080593 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative damage; however, ROS also acts as signaling molecules. We previously demonstrated that the inducible silencing of thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase Arabidopsis plants (IS-tAPX) accumulated H2O2 in their chloroplasts, resulting in the clarification of ROS-responsive genes. In IS-tAPX plants, the transcript levels of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor bHLH101, which belongs to clade Ib bHLH, were down-regulated. In order to investigate the participation of bHLH101 in chloroplastic H2O2-mediated signaling, we isolated dominant negative expression mutants of bHLH101 (DN-bHLH101). DN-bHLH101 plants showed a significant phenotype that was sensitive to a methylviologen treatment, even under iron-sufficient conditions. Furthermore, the knock out mutant of bHLH101 showed a photo-oxidative sensitive phenotype, indicating that other clade Ib bHLHs do not compensate for the function of bHLH101. Thus, bHLH101 appears to act as a regulatory component in photo-oxidative stress responses. We also found that ferric chelate reductase activity was stronger in IS-tAPX plants than in control plants, suggesting that there is a close relationship between iron metabolism and oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Noshi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tanabe
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yutaka Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Masaru Ohme-Takagi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8562, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tamoi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shigeru Shigeoka
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan.
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26
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Cheng Q, Dong L, Gao T, Liu T, Li N, Wang L, Chang X, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. The bHLH transcription factor GmPIB1 facilitates resistance to Phytophthora sojae in Glycine max. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2527-2541. [PMID: 29579245 PMCID: PMC5920285 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann and Gerdemann causes Phytophthora root rot, a destructive soybean disease worldwide. A basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor is thought to be involved in the response to P. sojae infection in soybean, as revealed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). However, the molecular mechanism underlying this response is currently unclear. Here, we explored the function and underlying mechanisms of a bHLH transcription factor in soybean, designated GmPIB1 (P. sojae-inducible bHLH transcription factor), during host responses to P. sojae. GmPIB1 was significantly induced by P. sojae in the resistant soybean cultivar 'L77-1863'. Analysis of transgenic soybean hairy roots with elevated or reduced expression of GmPIB1 demonstrated that GmPIB1 enhances resistance to P. sojae and reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR assays revealed that GmPIB1 binds directly to the promoter of GmSPOD1 and represses its expression; this gene encodes a key enzyme in ROS production. Moreover, transgenic soybean hairy roots with GmSPOD1 silencing through RNA interference exhibited improved resistance to P. sojae and reduced ROS generation. These findings suggest that GmPIB1 enhances resistance to P. sojae by repressing the expression of GmSPOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cheng
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianjiao Gao
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ninghui Li
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Jiamusi Branch Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Le Wang
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Harbin, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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27
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Wang L, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Yang G, Li W, Wang R, Xie Z. Characterization of LhSorTGA2, a novel TGA2-like protein that interacts with LhSorNPR1 in oriental hybrid lily Sorbonne. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2017; 58:46. [PMID: 29127659 PMCID: PMC5681460 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) regulates expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes by interacting with TGA family proteins during systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, no TGA-like proteins or their interacting partners have been characterized in lily. RESULTS In the present study, LhSorTGA2, a novel TGA-like protein, was identified as an interacting partner of LhSorNPR1 (an NPR-like protein) by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) and yeast two-hybrid assay (Y2H). Subcellular localization of GFP-tagged proteins targeted LhSorTGA2 to the nucleus, whereas GFP-labeled LhSorNPR1 was observed both in the nucleus and at the cytomembrane. Sequence alignment revealed that LhSorTGA2 was featured with a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain and two glutamine rich acid domains (QI and QII). Further phylogenetic analysis showed that TGA family proteins can be grouped into three subclades, within which LhSorTGA2 was clustered into subclade I, together with AtTGA2/5/6. Expression of LhSorTGA2 was investigated in different tissues by qPCR, and the highest expression level was observed in stem. Besides, when treated with phytohormones (SA, MeJA, ETH and ABA) or fungal pathogen Botrytis elliptica, LhSorTGA2 expression was also induced at different time points post treatments. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggested that LhSorTGA2 was an interacting partner of LhSorNPR1, which might function in regulating expression of PR genes in lily during SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Yubao Zhang
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Li Wang
- The Forest Tree Seedling Station of the Alxa League, Alxa League, 750300 China
| | - Guo Yang
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Wenmei Li
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Zhongkui Xie
- Gaolan Station of the Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
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28
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Noshi M, Yamada H, Hatanaka R, Tanabe N, Tamoi M, Shigeoka S. Arabidopsis dehydroascorbate reductase 1 and 2 modulate redox states of ascorbate-glutathione cycle in the cytosol in response to photooxidative stress. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 81:523-533. [PMID: 27852156 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1256759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbate and glutathione are indispensable cellular redox buffers and allow plants to acclimate stressful conditions. Arabidopsis contains three functional dehydroascorbate reductases (DHAR1-3), which catalyzes the conversion of dehydroascorbate into its reduced form using glutathione as a reductant. We herein attempted to elucidate the physiological role in DHAR1 and DHAR2 in stress responses. The total DHAR activities in DHAR knockout Arabidopsis plants, dhar1 and dhar2, were 22 and 92%, respectively, that in wild-type leaves. Under high light (HL), the levels of total ascorbate and dehydroascorbate were only reduced and increased, respectively, in dhar1. The oxidation of glutathione under HL was significantly inhibited in both dhar1 and dhar2, while glutathione contents were only enhanced in dhar1. The dhar1 showed stronger visible symptoms than the dhar2 under photooxidative stress conditions. Our results demonstrated a pivotal role of DHAR1 in the modulation of cellular redox states under photooxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Noshi
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
| | - Risa Hatanaka
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
| | - Noriaki Tanabe
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
| | - Masahiro Tamoi
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
| | - Shigeru Shigeoka
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kindai University , Nara , Japan
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