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Li Y, Xu X, Pan Y, Sun Y, Zou G, Li S, Liao S. Tomato sprayed monocalcium phosphate had production-phytoremediation dual function with high soil Cd extraction and safer fruit production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2025; 366:125382. [PMID: 39615575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024]
Abstract
In order to make use of the large biomass of tomato plant to fulfill the purpose of remediating-while-producing, two commercial tomato varieties, 'Baiguoqiangfeng' (BG) and 'Ouguan' (OG) were grown in Cd contaminated acidic soil to compare their performance on Cd phytoextraction, and monocalcium phosphate (Ca) was foliar applied to reduce their fruit Cd concentration. The results showed that the BG was a more Cd tolerant variety, comparing with OG, it suffered lighter tissue peroxidation and photosynthesis obstacle, owning weaker amino acid metabolism, secondary metabolism and stress signal transduction under Cd stress. The Ca application reduced its ABA level but increased the GSH, IAA, ZR and GA3 level, and enhanced its lysine degradation, tyrosine metabolism, alanine, asparagine and glutamate metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis under Cd stress. With these metabolic regulations, the Ca application promoted its leaf biomass accumulation, guaranteeing the total Cd extraction amount (0.88 mg pot-1 as 0.20 mg kg -1), and reduced the fruit Cd partition, decreasing the fruit Cd concentration by 71.4% with higher yield. Meanwhile, the OG had lower Cd phytoextraction capacity than the BG, and Ca spray enhanced its cell energy generation, flavonoids biosynthesis and photosynthetic carbon fixation, but had no effect on fruit Cd concentration. The two tomato varieties had different responses to Ca application under Cd stress in their hormone signaling, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism and amino acids metabolism, which furtherly differed their Cd phytoextraction capacity and production safety. Therefore, the monocalcium phosphate spray combined 'Baiguoqiangfeng' tomato realized the dual function of production-phytoremediation, and the mechanism of plant Cd sensitivity adjustment through phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and amino acids metabolism deserved further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Li
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiangnan Xu
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yingjie Pan
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yanxin Sun
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Guoyuan Zou
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shunjiang Li
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shangqiang Liao
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
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2
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Du Q, Yu H, Zhang Y, Qiao Q, Wang J, Zhang T, Xue L, Lei J. Uncovering fruit flavor and genetic diversity across diploid wild Fragaria species via comparative metabolomics profiling. Food Chem 2024; 456:140013. [PMID: 38878536 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Wild Fragaria resources exhibit extensive genetic diversity and desirable edible traits, such as high soluble solid content and flavor compounds. However, specific metabolites in different wild strawberry fruits remain unknown. In this study, we characterized 1008 metabolites covering 11 subclasses among 13 wild diploid resources representing eight species, including F. vesca, F. nilgerrensis, F. viridis, F. nubicola, F. pentaphylla, F. mandschurica, F. chinensis, and F. emeiensis. Fifteen potential metabolite biomarkers were identified to distinguish fruit flavors among the 13 diploid wild Fragaria accessions. A total of nine distinct modules were employed to explore key metabolites related to fruit quality through weighted gene co-expression module analysis, with significant enrichment in amino acid biosynthesis pathway. Notably, the identified significantly different key metabolites highlighted the close association of amino acids, sugars, and anthocyanins with flavor formation. These findings offer valuable resources for improving fruit quality through metabolome-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Du
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haoming Yu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qin Qiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ticao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li Xue
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Jiajun Lei
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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3
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Xu P, Li M, Ma C, Li X, Bai P, Lin A, Wang C, Zhang L, Kuang H, Lian H. Loss-of-function mutation in anthocyanidin reductase activates the anthocyanin synthesis pathway in strawberry. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:33. [PMID: 39272174 PMCID: PMC11401314 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-024-00106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Fruit color substantially affects consumer preferences, with darker red strawberries being economically more valuable due to their higher anthocyanin content. However, the molecular basis for the dark red coloration remains unclear. Through screening of an ethyl methanesulfonate mutant library, we identified a rg418 mutant, that demonstrated anthocyanin accumulation during early fruit development stages. Furthermore, the ripening fruits of this mutant had higher anthocyanin content than wild-type (WT) fruits. An analysis of flavonoid content in WT and rg418 mutant fruits revealed substantial changes in metabolic fluxes, with the mutant exhibiting increased levels of anthocyanins and flavonols and decreased levels of proanthocyanidins. Bulked sergeant analysis sequencing indicated that the mutant gene was anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), a key gene in the proanthocyanidin synthesis pathway. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed the increased expression of MYB105 during the early development stage of mutant fruits, which promoted the expression of UFGT (UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase), a key gene involved in anthocyanin synthesis, thus substantially enhancing the anthocyanin content in the mutant fruits. Additionally, mutating ANR in a white-fruited strawberry variant (myb10 mutant) resulted in appealing pink-colored fruits, suggesting the diverse roles of ANR in fruit color regulation. Our study provides valuable theoretical insights for improving strawberry fruit color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Xu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maobai Li
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Bai
- Dandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dandong, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqing Zhang
- Forestry and Fruit Tree Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyun Kuang
- Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Lian
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Kutyrieva-Nowak N, Leszczuk A, Denic D, Bellaidi S, Blazakis K, Gemeliari P, Lis M, Kalaitzis P, Zdunek A. In vivo and ex vivo study on cell wall components as part of the network in tomato fruit during the ripening process. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae145. [PMID: 38988613 PMCID: PMC11233857 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ripening is a process involving various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in fruits. This process is affected by modifications in the cell wall structure, particularly in the composition of polysaccharides and proteins. The cell wall assembly is a network of polysaccharides and proteoglycans named the arabinoxylan pectin arabinogalactan protein1 (APAP1). The complex consists of the arabinogalactan protein (AGP) core with the pectin domain including arabinogalactan (AG) type II, homogalacturonan (HG), and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). The present paper aims to determine the impact of a disturbance in the synthesis of one constituent on the integrity of the cell wall. Therefore, in the current work, we have tested the impact of modified expression of the SlP4H3 gene connected with proline hydroxylase (P4H) activity on AGP presence in the fruit matrix. Using an immunolabelling technique (CLSM), an immunogold method (TEM), molecular tools, and calcium mapping (SEM-EDS), we have demonstrated that disturbances in AGP synthesis affect the entire cell wall structure. Changes in the spatio-temporal AGP distribution may be related to the formation of a network between AGPs with other cell wall components. Moreover, the modified structure of the cell wall assembly induces morphological changes visible at the cellular level during the progression of the ripening process. These results support the hypothesis that AGPs and pectins are required for the proper progression of the physiological processes occurring in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Leszczuk
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dusan Denic
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Samia Bellaidi
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Blazakis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Petroula Gemeliari
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Panagiotis Kalaitzis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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5
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Sharma P, Chandra R. Phytoremediation mechanism and role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in weed plants for eco-restoration of hazardous industrial waste polluted site: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42495-42520. [PMID: 38872037 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33910-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Plants have numerous strategies for phytoremediation depending upon the characteristic of pollutants. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are essential to the process of phytoremediation and play a key part in it. The mechanism of PGPR for phytoremediation is mediated by two methods; under the direct method there is phytohormone production, nitrogen fixation, nutrient mineral solubilization, and siderophore production while the indirect method includes quorum quenching, antibiosis, production of lytic enzyme, biofilm formation, and hydrogen cyanide production. Due to their economic and environmental viability, most researchers have recently concentrated on the potential of weed plants for phytoremediation. Although weed plants are considered unwanted and noxious, they have a high growth rate and adaptability which opens a high scope for its role in phytoremediation of contaminated site. The interaction of plant with rhizobacteria starts from root exudates containing various organic acids and peptides which act as nutrients essential for colonization and siderophore production by the rhizospheric bacteria. The rhizobacteria, while colonizing, tend to promote plant growth and health either directly by providing phytohormones and minerals or indirectly by suppressing growth of possible phytopathogens. Recently, several weed plants have been reported for phytoextraction of heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg, Cd, Cu, As, Fe, and Cr) contaminants from various agro-based industries. These potential native weed plants have high prospect of eco-restoration of polluted site with complex organo-metallic waste for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratishtha Sharma
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School of Earth and Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Ram Chandra
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School of Earth and Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India.
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6
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Xu C, Xue X, Li Z, Chen M, Yang Y, Wang S, Shang M, Qiu L, Zhao X, Hu W. The PpMYB75-PpDFR module reveals the difference between 'SR' and its bud variant 'RMHC' in peach red flesh. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:241-254. [PMID: 38194204 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
'Red Meat Honey Crisp (RMHC)' has been widely cultivated by growers in recent years due to its early maturity, and red meat type characteristics. As a bud variant of 'Super Red (SR)' peach, red flesh is the most distinctive characteristic of 'Red Meat Honey Crisp (RMHC)'. However, the mechanism of red flesh formation in 'RMHC' remains unclear. In this study, 79 differentially produced metabolites were identified by metabolomics analysis. The anthocyanin content in 'RMHC' was significantly higher than that in 'SR' during the same period, such as cyanidin O-syringic acid and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Other flavonoids also increased during the formation of red flesh, including flavonols (6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, hyperin), flavanols (protocatechuic acid, (+)-gallocatechin), and flavonoids (chrysoeriol 5-O-hexoside, tricetin). In addition, transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of the flavonoid synthesis pathway transcription factor MYB75 and some structural genes, such as PpDFR, PpCHS, PpC4H, and PpLDOX increased significantly in 'RMHC'. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that MYB75 was localized to the nucleus. Yeast single hybridization assays showed that MYB75 bound to the cis-acting element CCGTTG of the PpDFR promoter region. The MYB75-PpDFR regulatory network was identified to be a key pathway in the reddening of 'RMHC' flesh. Moreover, this is the first study to describe the cause for red meat reddening in 'RMHC' compared to 'SR' peaches using transcriptomics, metabolomics and molecular methods. Our study identified a key transcription factor involved in the regulation of the flavonoid synthetic pathway and contributes to peach breeding-related efforts as well as the identification of genes involved in color formation in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Xue
- Pomology Institute of Shandong Province, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Zhixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Mingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Yating Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Mingrui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Lei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Xianyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
| | - Wenxiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
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7
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Hernández-Martínez A, Lozano-Puentes HS, Camacho-Montealegre CM, Costa GM, Díaz-Ariza LA. Establishing the Relationship Between Flavonoid Content, Mycorrhization, and Soil Nutritional Content in Different Species of the Genus Passiflora in Colombia. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40647-40656. [PMID: 37929148 PMCID: PMC10620891 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Passiflora comprises more than 500 species distributed in tropical and semitropical regions. With a great diversity of species, it is estimated that one-third is found in Colombian territory. Besides the food importance, Passiflora species are important sources of biologically active compounds, such as flavonoids. The most important symbiosis between soil fungi and vascular plants related to plant nutrition and tolerance to stress conditions is mycorrhizae. Passiflora species form arbuscular mycorrhizae, with several species of Glomeromycota. This association has been reported to alter the production of secondary metabolites. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the relation between flavonoid content, mycorrhization, and soil nutritional content of Passiflora alata, Passiflora quadrangularis, Passiflora maliformis, and Passiflora ligularis in Colombian crops. The extracts were prepared and analyzed using UPLC/PDA-MS, and total flavonoids were quantified with the method of AlCl3. Soil characteristics, including nutritional content and percentage of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, were also determined. All variables were analyzed using Spearman's correlation and principal component analysis. Chromatographic analysis of the extracts allowed us to visualize the different flavonoid compositions of each extract, identifying several C-glycosylflavonoids. In this paper, we report for the first time the presence of luteolin-8-C-rhamnosyl-4'-O-glucoside, apigenin-6-C-arabinosyl-7-O-glucoside, and orientin for P. maliformis. Statistical analysis showed a negative correlation between available phosphorus (ρ = -0.90, p = <0.05) and magnesium (Mg) saturation (ρ = -0.70, p = <0.05) on flavonoid content, whereas the calcium magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio was positively correlated (ρ = 0.70, p = <0.01). There was a nonsignificant correlation between mycorrhization and flavonoid content (ρ = -0.70, p = >0.1). These results contribute to understanding the relationship between flavonoid-mycorrhization-soil nutritional content on Passiflora spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea
Ximena Hernández-Martínez
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad
Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
| | - Hair S. Lozano-Puentes
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad
Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación
en Agricultura Biológica, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
| | - Celia Marcela Camacho-Montealegre
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación
en Agricultura Biológica, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
| | - Geison M. Costa
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad
Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
| | - Lucía A. Díaz-Ariza
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigación
en Agricultura Biológica, Pontificia
Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No 43-82, Bogotá D.C. 110-23, Colombia
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Su X, Zhang X, Bai C, Liu H, Cao X, Yao L. Asymmetric distribution of mineral nutrients aggravates uneven fruit pigmentation driven by sunlight exposure in litchi. PLANTA 2023; 258:96. [PMID: 37819558 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Sunlight boosts anthocyanin synthesis/accumulation in sunny pericarp of litchi fruit, directly leading to uneven pigmentation. Distribution discrepancy of mineral element aggravates uneven coloration by modulating synthesis/accumulation of anthocyanin and sugar. Uneven coloration, characterized by red pericarp on sunny side and green pericarp on shady side, impacts fruit quality of 'Feizixiao' (cv.) litchi. The mechanisms of this phenomenon were explored by investigating the distribution of chlorophyll, flavonoids, sugars, and mineral elements in both types of pericarp. Transcriptome analysis in pericarp was conducted as well. Sunny pericarp contained higher anthocyanins in an order of magnitude and higher fructose, glucose, co-pigments (flavanols, flavonols, ferulic acid), and mineral elements like Ca, Mg and Mn, along with lower N, P, K, S, Cu, Zn and B (P < 0.01), compared to shady pericarp. Sunlight regulated the expression of genes involved in synthesis/accumulation of flavonoids and sugars and genes functioning in nutrient uptake and transport, leading to asymmetric distribution of these substances. Anthocyanins conferred red color on sunny pericarp, sugars, Ca and Mg promoted synthesis/accumulation of anthocyanins, and co-pigments enhanced color display of anthocyanins. The insufficiencies of anthocyanins, sugars and co-pigments, and inhibition effect of excess K, S, N and P on synthesis/accumulation of anthocyanins and sugars, jointly contributed to green color of shady pericarp. These findings highlight the role of asymmetric distribution of substances, mineral elements in particular, on uneven pigmentation in litchi, and provide insights into coloration improvement via precise fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Su
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huilin Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Cao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixian Yao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Wang A, Ma H, Zhang X, Zhang B, Li F. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism underlying the anthocyanin changes in Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlecht. and its interspecific hybrids. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:356. [PMID: 37434140 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragaria nilgerrensis (FN) provides a rich source of genetic variations for strawberry germplasm innovation. The color of strawberry fruits is a key factor affecting consumer preferences. However, the genetic basis of the fruit color formation in F. nilgerrensis and its interspecific hybrids has rarely been researched. RESULTS In this study, the fruit transcriptomes and flavonoid contents of FN (white skin; control) and its interspecific hybrids BF1 and BF2 (pale red skin) were compared. A total of 31 flavonoids were identified. Notably, two pelargonidin derivatives (pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside) were revealed as potential key pigments for the coloration of BF1 and BF2 fruits. Additionally, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) (LOC101293459 and LOC101293749) and anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase (BZ1) (LOC101300000), which are crucial structural genes in the anthocyanidin biosynthetic pathway, had significantly up-regulated expression levels in the two FN interspecific hybrids. Moreover, most of the genes encoding transcription factors (e.g., MYB, WRKY, TCP, bHLH, AP2, and WD40) related to anthocyanin accumulation were differentially expressed. We also identified two DFR genes (LOC101293749 and LOC101293459) that were significantly correlated with members in bHLH, MYB, WD40, AP2, and bZIP families. Two chalcone synthase (CHS) (LOC101298162 and LOC101298456) and a BZ1 gene (LOC101300000) were highly correlated with members in bHLH, WD40 and AP2 families. CONCLUSIONS Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside may be the key pigments contributing to the formation of pale red fruit skin. DFR and BZ1 structural genes and some bHLH, MYB, WD40, AP2, and bZIP TF family members enhance the accumulation of two pelargonidin derivatives. This study provides important insights into the regulation of anthocyanidin biosynthesis in FN and its interspecific hybrids. The presented data may be relevant for improving strawberry fruit coloration via genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
- Horticulture Institute (Guizhou Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Caenter), Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Hongye Ma
- Horticulture Institute (Guizhou Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Caenter), Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Xingtao Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- Horticulture Institute (Guizhou Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Caenter), Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Fei Li
- Horticulture Institute (Guizhou Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Caenter), Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China.
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10
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Solouki A, Zare Mehrjerdi M, Azimi R, Aliniaeifard S. Improving basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil yield following down-regulation of photosynthetic functionality by short-term application of abiotic elicitors. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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11
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Lu W, Wei X, Han X, Chen R, Xiao C, Zheng X, Mao L. Participation of FaTRAB1 Transcription Factor in the Regulation of FaMADS1 Involved in ABA-Dependent Ripening of Strawberry Fruit. Foods 2023; 12:1802. [PMID: 37174341 PMCID: PMC10177999 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in regulating the ripening of non-climacteric strawberry fruit. In the present study, ABA was confirmed to promote strawberry ripening and induce the down-regulation of FaMADS1. The transient silence of FaMADS1 in strawberries promoted fruit ripening and induced the content of anthocyanin and soluble pectin but reduced firmness and protopectin through a tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing technique. In parallel with the accelerated ripening, the genes were significantly induced in the transiently modified fruit, including anthocyanin-related PAL6, C4H, 4CL, DFR, and UFGT, softening-related PL and XTH, and aroma-related QR and AAT2. In addition, the interaction between FaMADS1 and ABA-related transcription factors was researched. Yeast one-hybrid analysis indicated that the FaMADS1 promoter could interact with FaABI5-5, FaTRAB1, and FaABI5. Furthermore, dual-luciferase assay suggested that FaTRAB1 could actively bind with the FaMADS1 promoter, resulting in the decreased expression of FaMADS1. In brief, these results suggest that the ABA-dependent ripening of strawberry fruit was probably inhibited through inhibiting FaMADS1 expression by the active binding of transcript FaTRAB1 with the FaMADS1 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lu
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 298 Desheng Road, Hangzhou 310021, China; (W.L.); (C.X.)
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of AgroFood Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.W.); (X.H.); (R.C.)
| | - Xiaopeng Wei
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of AgroFood Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.W.); (X.H.); (R.C.)
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xueyuan Han
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of AgroFood Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.W.); (X.H.); (R.C.)
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Renchi Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of AgroFood Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.W.); (X.H.); (R.C.)
| | - Chaogeng Xiao
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 298 Desheng Road, Hangzhou 310021, China; (W.L.); (C.X.)
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Linchun Mao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of AgroFood Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.W.); (X.H.); (R.C.)
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
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12
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Maya-Meraz IO, Ornelas-Paz JDJ, Pérez-Martínez JD, Gardea-Béjar AA, Rios-Velasco C, Ruiz-Cruz S, Ornelas-Paz J, Pérez-Leal R, Virgen-Ortiz JJ. Foliar Application of CaCO 3-Rich Industrial Residues on 'Shiraz' Vines Improves the Composition of Phenolic Compounds in Grapes and Aged Wine. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081566. [PMID: 37107361 PMCID: PMC10137510 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of wine grapes and wine depends on their content of phenolic compounds. Under commercial conditions, the phenolic maturity of grapes is mostly achieved by applying abscisic acid analogues. Some Ca forms represent a cost-effective alternative for these compounds. In this study, 'Shiraz' vines (veraison of 90%) were sprayed with CaCO3-rich residues from the cement industry (4.26 g of Ca per L). Fruit from treated and untreated vines was harvested 45 days after CaCO3 spraying and evaluated for quality. The fruit was vinified, and the obtained wines were bottled and stored in darkness for 15 months at 20 °C. Wines were evaluated for quality after storage. The evaluation of grape and wine quality included the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. The treatment with CaCO3 did not affect the ripening rate of grapes. However, the treatment improved the fruit yield as well as the color development, the content of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of grapes and wine. The treatment favored especially the accumulation of malvidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, caftaric acid, caffeic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, resveratrol, and the procyanidins B1 and B2. Wine made with treated fruit was of higher quality than that of control fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Ofelia Maya-Meraz
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chihuahua C.P. 31110, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Ornelas-Paz
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímicos y Nutrientes, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Río Conchos S/N, Parque Industrial, Cd. Cuauhtémoc C.P. 31570, Mexico
| | - Jaime David Pérez-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78210, Mexico
| | - Alfonso A Gardea-Béjar
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímicos y Nutrientes, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Río Conchos S/N, Parque Industrial, Cd. Cuauhtémoc C.P. 31570, Mexico
| | - Claudio Rios-Velasco
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímicos y Nutrientes, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Río Conchos S/N, Parque Industrial, Cd. Cuauhtémoc C.P. 31570, Mexico
| | - Saúl Ruiz-Cruz
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Encinas y Rosales S/N, Hermosillo C.P. 83000, Mexico
| | - Juan Ornelas-Paz
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímicos y Nutrientes, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Río Conchos S/N, Parque Industrial, Cd. Cuauhtémoc C.P. 31570, Mexico
| | - Ramona Pérez-Leal
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chihuahua C.P. 31110, Mexico
| | - José Juan Virgen-Ortiz
- Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario de Michoacán (CIDAM), Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro Km 8, Morelia C.P. 58341, Mexico
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13
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Zhu M, Yu J, Wang R, Zeng Y, Kang L, Chen Z. Nano-calcium alleviates the cracking of nectarine fruit and improves fruit quality. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:370-380. [PMID: 36746008 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To explore the use of L-aspartic acid nano-calcium (nano-Ca) to reduce nectarine fruit-cracking, we sprayed the crack-susceptible nectarine cultivar 'Huaguang' [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. nectarina (Ait.) Maxim.] with nano-Ca. The results showed that nano-Ca could reduce the fruit-cracking percentage of nectarine by more than 20%. Nano-Ca was effective because it increased the calcium pectinate content of the peel, reduced the activity of cell-wall metabolic enzymes, and changed the peel structure and enhanced its toughness. We also found that nano-Ca enhanced calmodulin activity in leaves, upregulated key genes of sucrose synthesis in leaves and sucrose transport in stem phloem, and significantly increased the soluble sugar content in the fruit by more than 2%. In addition, Nano-Ca also enhanced calmodulin activity in peel and up-regulated key genes related to anthocyanin-synthesis, promoting anthocyanin accumulation in the peel. The result will lay a theoretical foundation for the physiological and molecular mechanisms of nectarine-cracking and its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jun Yu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yongxian Zeng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Linfeng Kang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Zhiyin Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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14
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Noreldeen HAA, Huang KY, Wu GW, Zhang Q, Peng HP, Deng HH, Chen W. Feature Selection Assists BLSTM for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Bioflavonoids in Different Biological Matrices Based on the 3D Fluorescence Spectra of Gold Nanoclusters. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17533-17540. [PMID: 36473730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and on-site qualitative and quantitative analysis of small molecules (including bioflavonoids) in biofluids are of great importance in biomedical applications. Herein, we have developed two deep learning models based on the 3D fluorescence spectra of gold nanoclusters as a single probe for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of eight bioflavonoids in serum. The results proved the efficiency and stability of the random forest-bidirectional long short-term memory (RF-BLSTM) model, which was used only with the most important features after deleting the unimportant features that might hinder the performance of the model in identifying the selected bioflavonoids in serum at very low concentrations. The optimized model achieves excellent overall accuracy (98-100%) in the qualitative analysis of the selected bioflavonoids. Next, the optimized model was transferred to quantify the selected bioflavonoids in serum at nanoscale concentrations. The transferred model achieved excellent accuracy, and the overall determination coefficient (R2) value range was 99-100%. Furthermore, the optimized model achieved excellent accuracies in other applications, including multiplex detection in serum and model applicability in urine. Also, LOD in serum at nanoscale concentration was considered. Therefore, this approach opens the window for qualitative and quantitative analysis of small molecules in biofluids at nanoscale concentrations, which may help in the rapid inclusion of sensor arrays in biomedical and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada A A Noreldeen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 4262110, Egypt
| | - Kai-Yuan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Gang-Wei Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Hua-Ping Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Hao-Hua Deng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
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15
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Increasing the lycopene content and bioactive potential of tomato fruits by application of encapsulated biological and chemical agents. Food Chem 2022; 393:133341. [PMID: 35661601 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites play an important part in the human diet. This research investigated the effect of alginate microspheres loaded with chemical (calcium or copper ions) or chemical and biological (Trichoderma viride) agents on plant secondary metabolites synthesis of two tomato varieties ('Vasanta' and 'Abellus') in two types of greenhouse cultivation, hydroponic and soil. Targeted and controlled release of active agents facilitates the root of plants to respond to the encapsulated agents and stimulate the synthesis of investigated plant metabolites both in hydroponic and soil types of cultivation. A significant increase in lycopene (up to 230%), total polyphenols content (up to 61%), and the overall antioxidant activity (up to 77%) of the tomato fruits was found for all of the treatments, respectively. Encapsulated chemical and biological agents remarkably stimulate the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites in tomato fruits indicating its great potential in the production of value-added foods.
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16
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Tian X, He X, Xu J, Yang Z, Fang W, Yin Y. Mechanism of calcium in melatonin enhancement of functional substance-phenolic acid in germinated hulless barley. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29214-29222. [PMID: 36320768 PMCID: PMC9557744 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05289j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acid is a physiologically active substance that has a variety of effects on humans. Barley sprouts are often used as food ingredients to enrich phenolic acids and to further produce functional foods rich in phenolic acids. In this study, the mechanism of Ca2+ involvement in regulating phenolic acid biosynthesis and plant growth in barley by melatonin (MT) under NaCl stress was investigated. According to the studies, MT (25 μM) increased total calcium content, induced Ca2+ burst, and up-regulated the gene expression of calcium-regulated protein-dependent protein kinase and calcium-binding protein transcription-activating protease in NaCl-stressed (60 mM) barley. Exogenous MT and its combined CaCl2 (0.4 mM) significantly promoted phenolic acid biosynthesis by increasing the activity of C4H and PAL, and induced gene expression of PAL and F5H. The addition of exogenous CaCl2 and MT caused systemic tolerance in NaCl-stressed barley, as determined by a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen radical anions as well as an enhancement in the antioxidant enzyme, thus significantly increasing sprout length and fresh weight. In addition, combined use of MT with Ca2+ antagonists (lanthanum chloride or ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid), impaired all impacts as mentioned above. These findings imply that Ca2+ participated in MT-induced phenolic acid biosynthesis and growth improvement in NaCl-stressed barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Xudong He
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug ControlYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Weiming Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Yongqi Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
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17
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Hurtado G, Knoche M. Calcium ions decrease water-soaking in strawberries. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273180. [PMID: 35969592 PMCID: PMC9377631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Water soaking is a common disorder of field-grown strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). It develops when ripe fruit is exposed to rain. Here we investigate the effects of Ca on water soaking. Fruit was incubated in solutions of various Ca salts and the extent of water soaking quantified using a simple rating scheme. Exposure to CaCl2 (10 mM) decreased water soaking and anthocyanin leakage but had no effect on water uptake. The decrease in water soaking due to CaCl2 was not limited to a single cultivar but occurred in all cultivars examined. Incubating fruit in a chelating agent (EGTA) increased water soaking compared to the water control. Calcium salts of different acids varied in their effects on water soaking. Only CaCl2 reduced water soaking significantly. The chlorides of different cations, also varied in their effects on water soaking. Those of the monovalent cations had no effects on water soaking, while those of the divalent cations (CaCl2, BaCl2 and SrCl2) and of the trivalent cations (FeCl3 and AlCl3) were all effective in decreasing water soaking. Overall, CaCl2 decreased microcracking of the strawberry cuticle as compared to deionized water. Furthermore, CaCl2 also reduced the leakage of anthocyanins from flesh discs, irrespective of the osmotic potential of the incubation solution. Our results indicate that CaCl2 reduced water soaking by decreasing cuticular microcracking, by decreasing leakage of plasma membranes and, possibly, by increasing the crosslinking of cell wall constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grecia Hurtado
- Institute for Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz-Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Moritz Knoche
- Institute for Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz-Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Fan D, Wang W, Hao Q, Jia W. Do Non-climacteric Fruits Share a Common Ripening Mechanism of Hormonal Regulation? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:923484. [PMID: 35755638 PMCID: PMC9218805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.923484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fleshy fruits have been traditionally categorized into climacteric (CL) and non-climacteric (NC) groups. CL fruits share a common ripening mechanism of hormonal regulation, i.e., the ethylene regulation, whereas whether NC fruits share a common mechanism remains controversial. Abscisic acid (ABA) has been commonly thought to be a key regulator in NC fruit ripening; however, besides ABA, many other hormones have been increasingly suggested to play crucial roles in NC fruit ripening. NC fruits vary greatly in their organ origin, constitution, and structure. Development of different organs may be different in the pattern of hormonal regulation. It has been well demonstrated that the growth and development of strawberry, the model of NC fruits, is largely controlled by a hormonal communication between the achenes and receptacle; however, not all NC fruits contain achenes. Accordingly, it is particularly important to understand whether strawberry is indeed able to represent a universal mechanism for the hormonal regulation of NC fruit ripening. In this mini-review, we summarized the recent research advance on the hormone regulation of NC ripening in relation to fruit organ origination, constitution, and structure, whereby analyzing and discussing whether NC fruits may share a common mechanism of hormonal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Fan
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Hao
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Wensuo Jia
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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19
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Mihai RA, Landazuri Abarca PA, Tinizaray Romero BA, Florescu LI, Catană R, Kosakyan A. Abiotic Factors from Different Ecuadorian Regions and Their Contribution to Antioxidant, Metabolomic and Organoleptic Quality of Theobroma cacao L. Beans, Variety "Arriba Nacional". PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:976. [PMID: 35406956 PMCID: PMC9002803 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine flavor cocoa is a unique category of cocoa that produces almonds with high aromatic potential and several sensory benefits that make it different from the basic or ordinary cocoas. Ecuador is the world's leader in the production and export of fine flavor cocoa, responsible for 63% of the world's total production due to the commercialization of the Arriba Nacional variety, known to possess an intense aroma that is unique in the cocoa world market. Besides its organoleptic specificity, this variety represents a source of important bioactive compounds associated with both sensory and health properties. This study evaluates the influence of an abiotic factor, nutritional soil status, on the phytochemical composition (methylxantines and phenolic compounds), and antioxidant and sensory properties of Arriba variety cocoa beans originating from three different geographical regions of Ecuador. We used the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS), Folin-Ciocalteau, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ABTS free-radical-scavenging activity, the α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl free-radical-scavenging method (DPPH), and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) analysis to reveal a significant correlation between Mn ions and total phenolic content, a positive implication of N in methylxanthine composition and antioxidant properties, and the importance of Ca, Mg, and K ions in increasing the flavonoid and anthocyanin content of raw cocoa beans. We showed that these nutritional elements can interfere with the nutraceutical and sensory properties of cocoa beans, as Cu, Mg, and K are correlated with anthocyaninic content, while Fe, Ca, P and Zn influenced the flavonoid content. We underline that the Arriba variety is suitable not only for the production of high-quality chocolate, but also for the increasing worldwide nutraceutical market, generating qualitative and competitive products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca A. Mihai
- CICTE, Department of Life Science and Agriculture, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas—ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n y Ambato, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador
| | - Pablo A. Landazuri Abarca
- IASA 1, Department of Life Science and Agriculture, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas—ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n y Ambato, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador;
| | | | - Larisa I. Florescu
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Rodica Catană
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anush Kosakyan
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;
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20
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Yin Y, Tian X, Yang J, Yang Z, Tao J, Fang W. Melatonin mediates isoflavone accumulation in germinated soybeans (Glycine max L.) under ultraviolet-B stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 175:23-32. [PMID: 35168107 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Soybean germination under ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation stress is a common and effective way to enrich the isoflavone content of sprouts. However, the growth and biomass of germinated soybeans are significantly suppressed using this method. Melatonin (MT), a novel plant biostimulant, not only plays a vital protective role in responses to various abiotic stresses but also regulates the accumulation of secondary metabolites. In the present study, the effects of exogenous MT on the growth and isoflavone metabolism of germinating soybeans exposed to UV-B stress were investigated. Compared to UV-B stress, the application of exogenous MT (25 μM) significantly increased sprout length, fresh weight, Ca2+ influx, and peroxidase activity; markedly decreased the content of malondialdehyde and H2O2 and the fluorescence intensity of H2O2 and O2•-; but had no noticeable effect on the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase during germination. Moreover, the content of total flavonoids and isoflavone monomers (including daidzein, genistein, daidzin, glycitin and genistin) in 4-day-old germinated soybeans was significantly enhanced by MT application under UV-B stress and was not only companied by dramatically increased phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, but also by markedly increased relative expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase1, chalcone synthase, isoflavone reductase and flavanone 3-hydroxylase that are involved in the isoflavone biosynthesis pathway. The inhibitory effects of UV-B stress on the growth and biomass of germinated soybeans were alleviated with exogenous MT. MT enhanced the content of total flavonoids and isoflavone monomers under UV-B stress by increasing the activity and relative gene expression level of critical isoflavone biosynthesis-related enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Jia Yang
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug Control, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Weiming Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
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21
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Yang H, Wu Y, Wu W, Lyu L, Li W. Transcriptomic analysis of blackberry plant (Rubus spp.) reveals a comprehensive metabolic network involved in fruit ripening process. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Hu G, Yue X, Song J, Xing G, Chen J, Wang H, Su N, Cui J. Calcium Positively Mediates Blue Light-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Hypocotyl of Soybean Sprouts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:662091. [PMID: 34122484 PMCID: PMC8194075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.662091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean sprouts are a flavorful microgreen that can be eaten all year round and are widely favored in Southeast Asia. In this study, the regulatory mechanism of calcium on anthocyanin biosynthesis in soybean sprouts under blue light was investigated. The results showed that blue light, with a short wavelength, effectively induced anthocyanin accumulation in the hypocotyl of soybean sprout cultivar "Dongnong 690." Calcium supplementation further enhanced anthocyanin content, which was obviously inhibited by LaCl3 and neomycin treatment. Moreover, exogenous calcium changed the metabolism of anthocyanins, and seven anthocyanin compounds were detected. The trend of calcium fluorescence intensity in hypocotyl cells, as well as that of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and calmodulin content, was consistent with that of anthocyanins content. Specific spatial distribution patterns of calcium antimonate precipitation were observed in the ultrastructure of hypocotyl cells under different conditions. Furthermore, calcium application upregulated the expression of genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, and calcium inhibitors suppressed these genes. Finally, transcriptomics was performed to gain global insights into the molecular regulation mechanism of calcium-associated anthocyanin production. Genes from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were distinctly enriched among the differentially expressed genes, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that two MYBs were related to the accumulation of anthocyanins. These results indicated that calcium released from apoplast and intracellular stores in specific spatial-temporal features promote blue light-induced anthocyanin accumulation by upregulation of the expression of genes related to anthocyanin synthesis of "Dongnong 690" hypocotyl. The findings deepen the understanding of the calcium regulation mechanism of blue light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in soybean sprouts, which will help growers produce high-quality foods beneficial for human health.
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Tailoring Alginate/Chitosan Microparticles Loaded with Chemical and Biological Agents for Agricultural Application and Production of Value-Added Foods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews the recent development of biopolymer-based delivery systems for agricultural application. Encapsulation into biopolymer microparticles ensures the protection and targeted delivery of active agents while offering controlled release with higher efficiency and environmental safety for ecological and sustainable plant production. Encapsulation of biological agents provides protection and increases its survivability while providing an environment safe for growth. The application of microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents presents an innovative way to stimulate plant metabolites synthesis. This enhances plants’ defense against pests and pathogens and results in the production of higher quality food (i.e., higher plant metabolites share). Ionic gelation was presented as a sustainable method in developing biopolymeric microparticles based on the next-generation biopolymers alginate and chitosan. Furthermore, this review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of advanced formulations against conventional ones. The significance of plant metabolites stimulation and their importance in functional food production is also pointed out. This review offers guidelines in developing biopolymeric microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents and guidelines for the application in plant production, underlining its effect on the plant metabolites synthesis.
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Chen J, Zhou J, Hong Y, Li Z, Cheng X, Zheng A, Zhang Y, Song J, Xie G, Chen C, Yuan M, Wang T, Chen Q. Genome-wide identification of ubiquitin proteasome subunits as superior reference genes for transcript normalization during receptacle development in strawberry cultivars. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:88. [PMID: 33509086 PMCID: PMC7845027 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene transcripts that show invariant abundance during development are ideal as reference genes (RGs) for accurate gene expression analyses, such as RNA blot analysis and reverse transcription–quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses. In a genome-wide analysis, we selected three “Commonly used” housekeeping genes (HKGs), fifteen “Traditional” HKGs, and nine novel genes as candidate RGs based on 80 publicly available transcriptome libraries that include data for receptacle development in eight strawberry cultivars. Results The results of the multifaceted assessment consistently revealed that expression of the novel RGs showed greater stability compared with that of the “Commonly used” and “Traditional” HKGs in transcriptome and RT-qPCR analyses. Notably, the majority of stably expressed genes were associated with the ubiquitin proteasome system. Among these, two 26 s proteasome subunits, RPT6A and RPN5A, showed superior expression stability and abundance, and are recommended as the optimal RGs combination for normalization of gene expression during strawberry receptacle development. Conclusion These findings provide additional useful and reliable RGs as resources for the accurate study of gene expression during receptacle development in strawberry cultivars. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07393-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanhong Hong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zekun Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Aiying Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Juanjuan Song
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guifeng Xie
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Changmei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Tengyun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qingxi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Bai Q, Shen Y, Huang Y. Advances in Mineral Nutrition Transport and Signal Transduction in Rosaceae Fruit Quality and Postharvest Storage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:620018. [PMID: 33692815 PMCID: PMC7937644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.620018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nutrition, taken up from the soil or foliar sprayed, plays fundamental roles in plant growth and development. Among of at least 14 mineral elements, the macronutrients nitrogen (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca) and the micronutrient iron (Fe) are essential to Rosaceae fruit yield and quality. Deficiencies in minerals strongly affect metabolism with subsequent impacts on the growth and development of fruit trees. This ultimately affects the yield, nutritional value, and quality of fruit. Especially, the main reason of the postharvest storage loss caused by physiological disorders is the improper proportion of mineral nutrient elements. In recent years, many important mineral transport proteins and their regulatory components are increasingly revealed, which make drastic progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms for mineral nutrition (N, P, K, Ca, and Fe) in various aspects including plant growth, fruit development, quality, nutrition, and postharvest storage. Importantly, many studies have found that mineral nutrition, such as N, P, and Fe, not only affects fruit quality directly but also influences the absorption and the content of other nutrient elements. In this review, we provide insights of the mineral nutrients into their function, transport, signal transduction associated with Rosaceae fruit quality, and postharvest storage at physiological and molecular levels. These studies will contribute to provide theoretical basis to improve fertilizer efficient utilization and fruit industry sustainable development.
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Xu P, Wu L, Cao M, Ma C, Xiao K, Li Y, Lian H. Identification of MBW Complex Components Implicated in the Biosynthesis of Flavonoids in Woodland Strawberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:774943. [PMID: 34819941 PMCID: PMC8606683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.774943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids belong to the family of polyphenolic secondary metabolites and contribute to fruit quality traits. It has been shown that MBW complexes (MYB-bHLH-WD40) regulate the flavonoids biosynthesis in different plants, but only a limited number of MBW complexes have been identified in strawberry species in general. In this study, we identified 112 R2R3-MYB proteins in woodland strawberry; 12 of them were found to have potential functions in regulating flavonoids biosynthesis by phylogenetic analysis. qRT-PCR assays showed that FvMYB3, FvMYB9, FvMYB11, FvMYB22, FvMYB64, and FvMYB105 mostly expressed at green stage of fruit development, aligned with proanthocyanidins accumulation; FvMYB10 and FvMYB41 showed higher expression levels at turning and ripe stages, aligned with anthocyanins accumulation. These results suggest that different MYBs might be involved in flavonoids biosynthesis at specific stages. Furthermore, FvMYB proteins were demonstrated to interact with FvbHLH proteins and induce expression from the promoters of CHS2 and DFR2 genes, which encode key enzymes in flavonoids biosynthesis. The co-expression of FvMYB and FvbHLH proteins in strawberry fruits also promoted the accumulation of proanthocyanidins. These findings confirmed and provided insights into the biofunction of MBW components in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in woodland strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Minghao Cao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbang Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Lian
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Lian,
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Michailidis M, Karagiannis E, Tanou G, Samiotaki M, Tsiolas G, Sarrou E, Stamatakis G, Ganopoulos I, Martens S, Argiriou A, Molassiotis A. Novel insights into the calcium action in cherry fruit development revealed by high-throughput mapping. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:597-614. [PMID: 32909183 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work provides the first system-wide datasets concerning metabolic changes in calcium-treated fruits, which reveal that exogenously applied calcium may specifically reprogram sweet cherry development and ripening physiognomy. Calcium modulates a wide range of plant developmental processes; however, the regulation of fruit ripening by calcium remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome profiling was used to document the responses of sweet cherry fruit to external calcium application (0.5% CaCl2) at 15, 27 and 37 days after full blossom. Endogenous calcium loading in fruit across development following external calcium feeding was accompanied by a reduction in respiration rate. Calcium treatment strongly impaired water-induced fruit cracking tested by two different assays, and this effect depended on the fruit size, water temperature and light/dark conditions. Substantial changes in the levels of numerous polar/non-polar primary and secondary metabolites, including malic acid, glucose, cysteine, epicatechin and neochlorogenic acid were noticed in fruits exposed to calcium. At the onset of ripening, we identified various calcium-affected genes, including those involved in ubiquitin and cysteine signaling, that had not been associated previously with calcium function in fruit biology. Calcium specifically increased the abundance of a significant number of proteins that classified as oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, and ligases. The overview of temporal changes in gene expression and corresponding protein abundance provided by interlinked analysis revealed that oxidative phosphorylation, hypersensitive response, DNA repair, stomata closure, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and proton-pump activity were mainly affected by calcium. This report provides the fullest characterization of expression patterns in calcium-responsive genes, proteins and metabolites currently available in fruit ripening and will serve as a blueprint for future biological endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Michailidis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Evangelos Karagiannis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Georgia Tanou
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Tsiolas
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 570 01, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Sarrou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Stamatakis
- Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefans Martens
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 570 01, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanassios Molassiotis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece.
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Li Z, Wang Z, Wang K, Liu Y, Hong Y, Chen C, Guan X, Chen Q. Co-expression network analysis uncovers key candidate genes related to the regulation of volatile esters accumulation in Woodland strawberry. PLANTA 2020; 252:55. [PMID: 32949302 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1), FveAP2 (FvH4_1g16370.1) and FveWRKY (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in fruit maturation of strawberry. Overexpression of FveERF could activate the expression of AAT gene and ester accumulation. Volatile esters play an important role in the aroma of strawberry fruits, whose flavor is the result of a complex mixture of various esters. The accumulation of these volatiles is closely tied to changes in metabolism during fruit ripening. Acyltransferase (AAT) is recognized as having a significant effect in ester formation. However, there is little knowledge about the regulation network of AAT. Here, we collected the data of RNA-seq and headspace GC-MS at five time points during fruit maturation of Hawaii4 and Ruegen strawberry varieties. A total of 106 volatile compounds were identified in the fruit of woodland strawberries, including 58 esters, which occupied 41.09% (Hawaii4) or 33.40% (Ruegen) of total volatile concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed eight transcription factors highly associated with AAT genes. Through the changes in esters and the weight co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a detailed gene network was established. This demonstrated that ERF gene (FvH4_5g04470.1), AP2 gene (FvH4_1g16370.1) and one WRKY gene (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in expression of AAT genes, especially ERF genes. Overexpression of FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1) does activate expression of AAT genes and ester accumulation in fruits of strawberry. Our findings provide valuable clues to gain better insight into the ester formation process of numerous fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhennan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kejing Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Hong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changmei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiayu Guan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingxi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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29
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Gao Q, Luo H, Li Y, Liu Z, Kang C. Genetic modulation of RAP alters fruit coloration in both wild and cultivated strawberry. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1550-1561. [PMID: 31845477 PMCID: PMC7292541 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fruit colour affects consumer preference and is an important trait for breeding in strawberry. Previously, we isolated the Reduced Anthocyanins in Petioles (RAP) gene encoding a glutathione S-transferase (GST) that binds anthocyanins to facilitate their transport from cytosol to vacuole in the diploid strawberry Fragaria vesca. The parent of rap was the F. vesca variety 'Yellow Wonder' that develops white fruit due to a natural mutation in the FveMYB10 gene. Here, we investigated the application potential of RAP in modulating fruit colours by overexpression of RAP in F. vesca and knockout of RAP in the cultivated strawberry Fragaria × ananassa. Unexpectedly, the RAP overexpression in Yellow Wonder background caused formation of red fruit. In addition, the red coloration occurs precociously at floral stage 10 and continues in the receptacle during early fruit development. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were not up-regulated in RAP-ox; rap myb10 flowers at anthesis and largely inhibited at the turning stage in fruit, suggesting a coloration mechanism independent of FveMYB10. Moreover, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout RAP in cultivated strawberry which is octoploid. Six copies of RAP were simultaneously knocked out in the T0 generation leading to the green stem and white-fruited phenotype. Several T1 progeny have segregated away the CRISPR/Cas9 transgene but maintain the green stem trait. Our results indicate that enhancing the anthocyanin transport could redirect the metabolic flux from proanthocyanidin to anthocyanin production at early developmental stages of fruit and that RAP is one promising candidate gene in fruit colour breeding of strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Huifeng Luo
- Institute of HorticultureHangzhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Yongping Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhongchi Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
| | - Chunying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education)College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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30
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Gao Q, Tan Q, Song Z, Chen W, Li X, Zhu X. Calcium chloride postharvest treatment delays the ripening and softening of papaya fruit. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Qinqin Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Zunyang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Weixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xueping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Education College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
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31
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Martins V, Billet K, Garcia A, Lanoue A, Gerós H. Exogenous calcium deflects grape berry metabolism towards the production of more stilbenoids and less anthocyanins. Food Chem 2020; 313:126123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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32
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Gomes TM, Mazon LF, Panceri CP, Machado BD, Brighenti A, Burin VM, Bordignon-Luiz MT. Changes in vineyard productive attributes and phytochemical composition of sauvignon blanc grape and wine induced by the application of silicon and calcium. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1547-1557. [PMID: 31769027 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to increase productivity and improve plant quality at the same time as preserving the principles of safety and productivity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of sodium metasilicate and calcium chloride, applied as fertilizers, on the productivity and phytochemical characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc grapes and their respective wines. RESULTS The experiments were conducted using 2017 and 2018 vintages of commercial Sauvignon Blanc grapes. The treatments consisted of applying separately different concentrations of sodium metasilicate (0, 4, 8 and 12 g L-1 ) or calcium chloride (0, 5, 10 and 15 g L-1 ). The treatments were carried out during four phenological phases. The grapes were harvested at technical maturity and white wines were elaborated. The application of inorganic salts, silicon and calcium to the grapes had a significant effect on the vineyard productivity. The best results were obtained with 4 and 8 g L-1 silicon and 15 g L-1 calcium. An increase in the concentration of phenolics in the grapes was noted. These compounds have antioxidant capacity, which is one of the factors responsible for the resistance of the grapes to pathogens. CONCLUSION The application of 4 and 8 g L-1 silicon and 15 g L-1 calcium to the grapes represents a potential alternative fertilizing strategy, which could increase the plant yield without damaging the phytochemical characteristics of the fruit and its derivatives. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trilícia Margarida Gomes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Luiza Freitas Mazon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alberto Brighenti
- Department of Plant Science, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Vívian Maria Burin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marilde T Bordignon-Luiz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Jurić S, Sopko Stracenski K, Król-Kilińska Ż, Žutić I, Uher SF, Đermić E, Topolovec-Pintarić S, Vinceković M. The enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. by encapsulated bioactive agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3737. [PMID: 32111947 PMCID: PMC7048752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulated bioactive agents applied to the Lactuca sativa L. present an innovative approach to stimulate the production of plant secondary metabolites increasing its nutritive value. Calcium and copper ions were encapsulated in biopolymeric microparticles (microspheres and microcapsules) either as single agents or in combination with biocontrol agents, Trichoderma viride spores, a fungal plant growth mediator. Both, calcium and copper ions are directly involved in the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites and alongside, Trichoderma viride can provide indirect stimulation and higher uptake of nutrients. All treatments with microparticles had a positive effect on the enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. The highest increase of chlorophylls, antioxidant activity and phenolic was obtained by calcium-based microparticles in both, conventionally and hydroponically grown lettuces. Non-encapsulated fungus Trichoderma viride enhanced the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites only in hydroponics cultivation signifying the importance of its encapsulation. Encapsulation proved to be simple, sustainable and environmentally favorable for the production of lettuce with increased nutritional quality, which is lettuce fortified with important bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaven Jurić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Żaneta Król-Kilińska
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ivanka Žutić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edyta Đermić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marko Vinceković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Li J, An Y, Wang L. Transcriptomic Analysis of Ficus carica Peels with a Focus on the Key Genes for Anthocyanin Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041245. [PMID: 32069906 PMCID: PMC7072940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fig (Ficus carica L.), a deciduous fruit tree of the Moraceae, provides ingredients for human health such as anthocyanins. However, little information is available on its molecular structure. In this study, the fig peels in the yellow (Y) and red (R) stages were used for transcriptomic analyses. Comparing the R with the Y stage, we obtained 6224 differentially expressed genes, specifically, anthocyanin-related genes including five CHS, three CHI, three DFR, three ANS, two UFGT and seven R2R3-MYB genes. Furthermore, three anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, i.e., FcCHS1, FcCHI1 and FcDFR1, and two R2R3-MYB genes, i.e., FcMYB21 and FcMYB123, were cloned; sequences analysis and their molecular characteristics indicated their important roles in fig anthocyanin biosynthesis. Heterologous expression of FcMYB21 and FcMYB123 significantly promoted anthocyanin accumulation in both apple fruits and calli, further suggesting their regulatory roles in fig coloration. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms behind fig anthocyanin biosynthesis and coloration, facilitating the genetic improvement of high-anthocyanin cultivars and other horticultural traits in fig fruits.
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Zhong Z, Liu S, Zhu W, Ou Y, Yamaguchi H, Hitachi K, Tsuchida K, Tian J, Komatsu S. Phosphoproteomics Reveals the Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites in Catharanthus roseus under Ultraviolet-B Radiation. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3328-3341. [PMID: 31356092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation acts as an elicitor to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. To investigate the mechanisms, which lead to secondary metabolites in Catharanthus roseus under UVB radiation, a phosphoproteomic technique was used. ATP content increased in the leaves of C. roseus under UVB radiation. Phosphoproteins related to calcium such as calmodulin, calcium-dependent kinase, and heat shock proteins increased. Phosphoproteins related to protein synthesis/modification/degradation and signaling intensively changed. Metabolomic analysis indicated that the metabolites classified with pentoses, aromatic amino acids, and phenylpropanoids accumulated under UVB radiation. Phosphoproteomic and immunoblot analyses indicated that proteins related to glycolysis and the reactive-oxygen species scavenging system were changed under UVB radiation. These results suggest that UVB radiation activates the calcium-related pathway and reactive-oxygen species scavenging system in C. roseus. These changes lead to the upregulation of proteins, which are responsible for the redox reactions in secondary metabolism and are important for the accumulation of secondary metabolites in C. roseus under UVB radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoheng Zhong
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China.,Faculty of Life and Environmental and Information Sciences , Fukui University of Technology , Fukui 910-8505 , Japan
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Yuting Ou
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Hisateru Yamaguchi
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science , Fujita Health University , Toyoake 470-1192 , Japan
| | - Keisuke Hitachi
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science , Fujita Health University , Toyoake 470-1192 , Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuchida
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science , Fujita Health University , Toyoake 470-1192 , Japan
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental and Information Sciences , Fukui University of Technology , Fukui 910-8505 , Japan
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Chen C, Zhang H, Dong C, Ji H, Zhang X, Li L, Ban Z, Zhang N, Xue W. Effect of ozone treatment on the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis of postharvest strawberries. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25429-25438. [PMID: 35530059 PMCID: PMC9070013 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03988k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone treatment at a suitable concentration can improve the antioxidant capacity of postharvest fruits. However, few studies have examined the antioxidant bioactive compounds in ozone-treated postharvest strawberries, especially in relation to proteomics. In this study, the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were used as the main antioxidant compound indicators and unlabeled proteomics was used to study the metabolism of phenylpropanoids in postharvest strawberries (Jingtaoxiang) treated with different concentrations of ozone (0, 1, 3, and 5 ppm) throughout the duration of storage. The results showed that the postharvest strawberries treated with 5 ppm ozone concentration exhibited improved accumulation of total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins in the antioxidant bioactive compounds, which was beneficial to the expression of phenylpropanoid metabolism-related proteins over the whole storage period compared with the other three groups. The results of proteomics were consistent with the changes in the key metabolites of phenylpropanoids, which indicated that ozone treatment at a suitable concentration aids the accumulation of TPC, TAC and TFC by promoting the key proteins associated with phenylpropanoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunkun Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agriculture University Beijing China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Chenghu Dong
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, China, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products Tianjin China
| | - Haipeng Ji
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, China, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products Tianjin China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agriculture University Beijing China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zhaojun Ban
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Na Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, China, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products Tianjin China
| | - Wentong Xue
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agriculture University Beijing China
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Wei Z, Li C, Gao T, Zhang Z, Liang B, Lv Z, Zou Y, Ma F. Melatonin increases the performance of Malus hupehensis after UV-B exposure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:630-641. [PMID: 31039504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, an evolutionarily conserved molecule, is implicated in numerous physiological processes in plants. To explore the potential roles of melatonin in response to UV-B radiation, we examined the influence of exogenous melatonin on Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings under two levels of UV-B radiation. Under UV-B stress, seedlings showed significant reduction in plant growth, biomass production, and root system development. However, 1 μM melatonin solution markedly alleviated these effects, especially at the higher dosage of UV-B radiation. The inhibitory effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, stomatal apertures, chlorophyll levels and leaf membrane damages were also markedly alleviated with melatonin application. Melatonin treatment was also associated with higher activity and expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase) and greater decline of H2O2 content in leaves exposed to UV-B. Moreover, exogenous melatonin treatment and UV-B stress increased the concentration of endogenous melatonin. The content of several phenolic compounds, including chlorogenic acid, phloridzin and quercetin-3-galactoside, also increased under UV-B stress, and these were further elevated significantly with melatonin addition. This study provides insight into the role(s) of endogenous melatonin in response to UV-B stress, and will facilitate application of exogenous melatonin in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bowen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zuosen Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yangjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Salam MMA, Mohsin M, Pulkkinen P, Pelkonen P, Pappinen A. Effects of soil amendments on the growth response and phytoextraction capability of a willow variety (S. viminalis × S. schwerinii × S. dasyclados) grown in contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:753-770. [PMID: 30660969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of lime and bisphosphonates (BPs) such as N10O chelate amendment on the growth, physiological and biochemical parameters, and phytoextraction potential of the willow variety Klara (Salix viminalis × S. schwerinii × S. dasyclados) grown in soils heavily contaminated with copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn). The plants were irrigated with tap or processed water (mine wastewater). The results suggest that the combined effects of the contaminated soil and processed water inhibited growth parameters, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) values. In contrast, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, organic acids, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and the accumulation of metals/metalloids in the plant tissues were increased compared to the control. When the soil was supplemented with lime and N10O; growth, physiological, biochemical parameters, and resistance capacity were significantly higher compared to unamended soil treatments, especially in the contaminated soil treatments. The combined lime‒ and N10O‒amended soil treatment produced higher growth rates, resistance capacity, photosynthesis rates and phytoextraction efficiency levels relative to either the lime‒amended or the N10O‒amended soil treatments. This study provides practical evidence of the efficient chelate‒assisted phytoextraction capability of Klara and highlights its potential as a viable and inexpensive novel approach for in situ remediation of Cu‒, Ni‒ and Zn‒contaminated soils and mine wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pertti Pulkkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Haapastensyrjä Research Unit, Haapastensyrjäntie 34, FIN-12600 Läyliäinen, Finland
| | - Paavo Pelkonen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ari Pappinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
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Allevato DM, Kiyota E, Mazzafera P, Nixon KC. Ecometabolomic Analysis of Wild Populations of Pilocarpus pennatifolius (Rutaceae) Using Unimodal Analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:258. [PMID: 30894869 PMCID: PMC6414451 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining the diversity of plant specialized metabolites suggest that biotic and abiotic pressures greatly influence the qualitative and quantitative diversity found in a species. Large geographic distributions expose a species to a great variety of environmental pressures, thus providing an enormous opportunity for expression of environmental plasticity. Pilocarpus, a neotropical genus of Rutaceae, is rich in alkaloids, terpenoids, and coumarins, and is the only commercial source of the alkaloid pilocarpine for the treatment of glaucoma. Overharvesting of species in this genus for pilocarpine, has threatened natural populations of the species. The aim of this research was to understand how adaptation to environmental variation shapes the metabolome in multiple populations of the widespread species Pilocarpus pennatifolius. LCMS data from alkaloid and phenolic extracts of leaf tissue were analyzed with environmental predictors using unimodal unconstrained and constrained ordination methods for an untargeted metabolomics analysis. PLS-DA was used to further confirm the chemoecotypes of each site. The most important variables contributing to the alkaloid variation between the sites: mean temperature of wettest quarter, as well as the soil content of phosphorus, magnesium, and base saturation (V%). The most important contributing to the phenolic variation between the sites: mean temperature of the wettest quarter, temperature seasonality, calcium and soil electrical conductivity. This research will have broad implications in a variety of areas including biocontrol for pests, environmental and ecological plant physiology, and strategies for species conservation maximizing phytochemical diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella M. Allevato
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Eduardo Kiyota
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mazzafera
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Kevin C. Nixon
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Rezayian M, Niknam V, Ebrahimzadeh H. Different effects of calcium and penconazole on primary and secondary metabolites of Brassica napus under drought. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:497-509. [PMID: 30956431 PMCID: PMC6419709 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-00634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effects of penconazole (PEN) and calcium (Ca2+) on physiological and biochemical parameters were investigated in two canola cultivars (RGS003 and Sarigol) under water stress. Drought increased protein content in RGS003, but PEN, Ca2+ and PEN-Ca2+ treatment induced protein content in Sarigol. PEN, Ca2+ and PEN-Ca2+ treatment enhanced soluble sugar content in RGS003. In contrast to Sarigol, drought and PEN treatment induced total phenol content in RGS003. Flavonoid content increased by drought, but Ca2+ and PEN-Ca2+ treatment decreased it in both cultivars. Ca2+ and PEN-Ca2+ treatment enhanced tocopherol content in both cultivars under drought stress. Drought stress increased Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity in Sarigol. PEN-Ca2+ treatment increased relative expression of PAL and its activity in RGS003. Fatty acid composition was modified by drought, PEN and Ca2+. Saturated fatty acid (stearic acid) content declined but unsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) content enhanced in both cultivars under drought. The application of PEN and Ca2+ decreased unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid) in RGS003 under drought. According to our results, PEN and Ca2+ changed physiological and biochemical parameters and therefore these compounds are suggested for reduction of the negative effects of drought stress in canola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezayian
- Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms in Iran, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Vahid Niknam
- Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms in Iran, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Hassan Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms in Iran, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155 Iran
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Martins V, Garcia A, Costa C, Sottomayor M, Gerós H. Calcium- and hormone-driven regulation of secondary metabolism and cell wall enzymes in grape berry cells. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 231:57-67. [PMID: 30218930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of calcium sprays for improving fleshy fruit resistance to abiotic/biotic stress and enhancement of fruit shelf life has increasingly been explored. However, because calcium is a powerful secondary messenger in many signaling pathways, including those driven by abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonates, it may interfere with the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites highly important for fruit and wine quality, such as phenolic compounds. In this study, a combination of biochemical and molecular biology approaches were applied to grape cell cultures and detached grape berries, in order to investigate the effect of calcium in the modulation of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and in cell wall organization. Concentrations up to 10 mM CaCl2 did not affect cell growth, size or viability, but triggered modifications in total phenolics content, particularly in anthocyanin levels in grape cell suspensions. The effects of calcium applied alone or in combination with ABA or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were visible in several branches of specialized metabolic pathways, confirming that the calcium-hormone interplay regulates the expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), stilbene synthase (STS), dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT). The activity of PAL and UFGT enzymes was also specifically modulated by calcium, ABA and MeJA. These results closely correlated to the modifications observed in the expression of VvAM1 and VvABCC1 encoding vacuolar anthocyanin transporters. Modulation of the expression and activity of pectin methyl esterases (PME) and polygalacturonases (PG) by calcium was also evident, confirming an important role of calcium in cell wall organization via the regulation of enzyme activity, besides its well-known role in the formation of cross links between pectin molecules. Overall, this study uncovers important biochemical mechanisms induced by calcium and stress hormones on grape berries, and highlights the need to consider the consequences of calcium treatments and stress for fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Martins
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas CITAB-UM, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Ana Garcia
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cátia Costa
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mariana Sottomayor
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas CITAB-UM, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centro de Engenharia Biológica (CEB), Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Todeschini V, AitLahmidi N, Mazzucco E, Marsano F, Gosetti F, Robotti E, Bona E, Massa N, Bonneau L, Marengo E, Wipf D, Berta G, Lingua G. Impact of Beneficial Microorganisms on Strawberry Growth, Fruit Production, Nutritional Quality, and Volatilome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1611. [PMID: 30505312 PMCID: PMC6250784 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize the roots of most terrestrial plant species, improving plant growth, nutrient uptake and biotic/abiotic stress resistance and tolerance. Similarly, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) enhance plant fitness and production. In this study, three different AMF (Funneliformis mosseae, Septoglomus viscosum, and Rhizophagus irregularis) were used in combination with three different strains of Pseudomonas sp. (19Fv1t, 5Vm1K and Pf4) to inoculate plantlets of Fragaria × ananassa var. Eliana F1. The effects of the different fungus/bacterium combinations were assessed on plant growth parameters, fruit production and quality, including health-promoting compounds. Inoculated and uninoculated plants were maintained in a greenhouse for 4 months and irrigated with a nutrient solution at two different phosphate levels. The number of flowers and fruits were recorded weekly. At harvest, fresh and dry weights of roots and shoots, mycorrhizal colonization and concentration of leaf photosynthetic pigments were measured in each plant. The following fruit parameters were recorded: pH, titratable acids, concentration of organic acids, soluble sugars, ascorbic acids, and anthocyanidins; volatile and elemental composition were also evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and PCA/PCA-DA. Mycorrhizal colonization was higher in plants inoculated with R. irregularis, followed by F. mosseae and S. viscosum. In general, AMF mostly affected the parameters associated with the vegetative portion of the plant, while PGPB were especially relevant for fruit yield and quality. The plant physiological status was differentially affected by inoculations, resulting in enhanced root and shoot biomass. Inoculation with Pf4 bacterial strain increased flower and fruit production per plant and malic acid content in fruits, while decreased the pH value, regardless of the used fungus. Inoculations affected fruit nutritional quality, increasing sugar and anthocyanin concentrations, and modulated pH, malic acid, volatile compounds and elements. In the present study, we show for the first time that strawberry fruit concentration of some elements and/or volatiles can be affected by the presence of specific beneficial soil microorganisms. In addition, our results indicated that it is possible to select the best plant-microorganism combination for field applications, and improving fruit production and quality, also in terms of health promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Todeschini
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Nassima AitLahmidi
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Eleonora Mazzucco
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Francesco Marsano
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Robotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Bona
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Nadia Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Laurent Bonneau
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Graziella Berta
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Guido Lingua
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
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Zhang X, Su N, Jia L, Tian J, Li H, Huang L, Shen Z, Cui J. Transcriptome analysis of radish sprouts hypocotyls reveals the regulatory role of hydrogen-rich water in anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-A. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:227. [PMID: 30305047 PMCID: PMC6180623 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen gas (H2) is the most abundant element in the universe, and has been reported to act as a novel beneficial gaseous molecule in plant adaptive responses. Radish sprouts are popular because they contain substantial amounts of antioxidants and health-promoting compounds, such as anthocyanin and glucosinolates. Although radish sprouts accumulated more anthocyanin under UV-A after treatment with hydrogen-rich water (HRW), the molecular mechanism responsible is still elusive. To explore these mechanisms, RNA-seq analysis was used. RESULTS Four cDNA libraries from radish sprout hypocotyls were constructed, and a total of 14,564 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through pairwise comparisons. By Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, these unigenes were found to be implicated in light signal perception and transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The MYB-bHLH-WD40 complex accounted for the majority of the transcription factors found to be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, and levels of transcripts for this complex were in accordance with the anthocyanin concentrations observed. In addition, other transcription factors (such as NAC, bZIP and TCP) might participate in HRW-promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis. Furthermore, the signaling processes of plant hormones, MAPKs and Ca2+ might be involved in HRW-promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-A. The expression patterns of 16 selected genes were confirmed using qRT-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results of this study may expand our understanding of HRW-promoted anthocyanin accumulation under UV-A in radish sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyuan Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Developmental Variation in Fruit Polyphenol Content and Related Gene Expression of a Red-Fruited versus a White-Fruited Fragaria vesca Genotype. HORTICULTURAE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae4040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two cultivars of F. vesca, red-fruited Baron Solemacher (BS) and white-fruited Pineapple Crush (PC), were studied to compare and contrast the quantitative accumulation of major polyphenols and related biosynthetic pathway gene expression patterns during fruit development and ripening. Developing PC fruit showed higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids in green stages and a greater accumulation of ellagitannins in ripe fruit in comparison to BS. In addition to anthocyanin, red BS fruit had greater levels of flavan-3-ols when ripe than PC. Expression patterns of key structural genes and transcription factors of the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, an abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene, and a putative ABA receptor gene that may regulate the pathway, were also analyzed during fruit development and ripening to determine which genes exhibited differences in expression and when such differences were first evident. Expression of all pathway genes differed between the red BS and white PC at one or more times during development, most notably at ripening when phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone-3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and UDP:flavonoid-O-glucosyltransferase 1 (UFGT1) were significantly upregulated in the red BS fruit. The transcription factors MYB1 and MYB10 did not differ substantially between red and white fruit except at ripening, when both the putative repressor MYB1 and promoter MYB10 were upregulated in red BS but not white PC fruit. The expression of ABA-related gene 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (NCED1) was higher in red BS fruit but only in the early green stages of development. Thus, a multigenic effect at several points in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway due to lack of MYB10 upregulation may have resulted in white PC fruit.
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He Y, Bose SK, Wang W, Jia X, Lu H, Yin H. Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082194. [PMID: 30060488 PMCID: PMC6121239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. COS are widely used in agriculture to improve the defense response in plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L−1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. Uniform size, shape, color, without any visible damage, and disease-free fruits were harvested for determining the quality. The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- Dalian Ocean University, 52# Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Santosh Kumar Bose
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Hang Lu
- Dalian Ocean University, 52# Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Zhang X, Wei J, Huang Y, Shen W, Chen X, Lu C, Su N, Cui J. Increased Cytosolic Calcium Contributes to Hydrogen-Rich Water-Promoted Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Under UV-A Irradiation in Radish Sprouts Hypocotyls. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1020. [PMID: 30061912 PMCID: PMC6055044 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that hydrogen-rich water (HRW) promoted the biosynthesis of anthocyanin under UV-A in radish. However, molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis is still unclear. In this study, the role of calcium (Ca2+) in HRW-promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis in radish sprouts hypocotyls under UV-A was investigated. The results showed that a positive effect of HRW on the content of cytosolic calcium and anthocyanin accumulation, mimicking the effects of induced CaCl2. Exogenous addition of Ca2+ chelator bis (β-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) synthesis inhibitor neomycin partially reversed the facilitated effect of HRW. The positive effects of HRW on activity of anthocyanin biosynthetic-enzymes (L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, PAL; chalcone isomerase, CHI; dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, DFR and UDP glc-flavonoid 3-O-glucosyl transferase, UFGT) were reversed by EGTA and neomycin. Further tests confirmed that the upregulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic related genes induced by HRW was substantially inhibited by calcium antagonists. The possible involvement of CaM in HRW-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis was also preliminarily investigated in this study. Taken together, our results indicate that IP3-dependent calcium signaling pathway might be involved in HRW-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis under UV-A irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Junyu Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chungui Lu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Khan WU, Yasin NA, Ahmad SR, Ali A, Ahmad A, Akram W, Faisal M. Role of Burkholderia cepacia CS8 in Cd-stress alleviation and phytoremediation by Catharanthus roseus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:581-592. [PMID: 29688047 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1405378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The current study was performed to assess the effect of Burkholderia cepacia CS8 on the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) by Catharanthus roseus grown in Cd-contaminated soil. The plants cultivated in Cd amended soil showed reduced growth, dry mass, gas-exchange capacity, and chlorophyll contents. Furthermore, the plants exhibited elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under Cd stress. The bacterized plants showed higher shoot length, root length; fresh and dry weight. The improved stress tolerance in inoculated plants was attributed to the reduced quantity of MDA and H2O2, enhanced synthesis of protein, proline, phenols, flavonoids, and improved activity of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase. Similarly, the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, auxin, and siderophore production capability of B. cepacia CS8 improved growth and stress alleviation in treated plants. The bacterial inoculation enhanced the amount of water extractable Cd from soil. Furthermore, the inoculated plants showed higher bioconcentration factor and translocation factor. The current study exhibits that B. cepacia CS8 improves stress alleviation and phytoextraction potential of C. roseus plants growing under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Ullah Khan
- a College of Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- b Senior Superintendent Garden, RO-II Office , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- a College of Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- c Department of Botany , University of Sargodha , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- d Research Scholar , Institute for Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Waheed Akram
- d Research Scholar , Institute for Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- e Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
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Luo H, Dai C, Li Y, Feng J, Liu Z, Kang C. Reduced Anthocyanins in Petioles codes for a GST anthocyanin transporter that is essential for the foliage and fruit coloration in strawberry. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2595-2608. [PMID: 29538703 PMCID: PMC5920330 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The red color of the foliage and fruit in strawberry comes from anthocyanins stored in the vacuole; however, how this anthocyanin accumulation is regulated remains unclear. A reduced anthocyanin in petioles (rap) mutant was identified in an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenized population of YW5AF7, a white-fruited variety of the wild strawberry Fragaria vesca. The causative mutation was identified to be a premature stop codon in a glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene. In addition to the foliage coloration, RAP also mediates fruit pigmentation and acts downstream of the fruit-specific transcription factor FvMYB10. Among all eight GST genes in the same subfamily, RAP is most abundantly expressed in the ripening fruit. Expression analysis and transient expression assays demonstrated that RAP is the principal transporter of anthocyanins among the paralogs. Moreover, domain-swap experiments showed that both the N- and C-terminals of RAP are essential for the binding capability of anthocyanins. In addition, transient knock-down of RAP resulted in reduced fruit coloration in cultivated strawberry. Collectively, our results demonstrate that RAP encodes the principal GST transporter of anthocyanins in the strawberry foliage and fruit, and it could be modified to alter the fruit color in strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongping Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongchi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Chunying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Correspondence:
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Roy S, Wu B, Liu W, Archbold DD. Comparative analyses of polyphenolic composition of Fragaria spp. color mutants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:255-261. [PMID: 29477905 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
White-fruited mutants of Fragaria vesca, and one of F. x ananassa, were studied to determine the identity and quantity of major flavonols (FVLs), flavan-3-ols (FV3Ls), hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), and ellagic acid (EA)-derived compounds, by using HPLC-MS. The content of 22 compounds across the major groups were used to assess the possibility of unique mutations among the mutant gentoypes. Total HCAs were lower in the white than the red cultivars of both species, except for 2 white F. vesca cultivars. Total FVLs were comparable in white fruit of both species, although a red F. x ananassa had more than a red F. vesca. Total FV3Ls were higher in red than white cultivars of both species. Total EA-derived content was generally higher in white than in red F. vesca. Principal component analysis and a combined heatmap and hierarchical cluster analysis clearly discriminated among the five white F. vesca genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Roy
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
| | - Benhong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Douglas D Archbold
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
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50
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Zaheer MM, Yasin NA, Ahmad SR, Khan WU, Ahmad A, Ali A, Rehman SU. Amelioration of cadmium stress in gladiolus ( Gladiolus grandiflora L.) by application of potassium and silicon. JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION 2018; 41:461-476. [DOI: 10.1080/01904167.2017.1385808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aqeel Ahmad
- RO-Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Botany Department, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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