1
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Sim S, Park CM, Lee SH, Cho H, Ji Y, Noh H, Lee SI. The effect of avian eggshell membrane structure on microbial penetration: A simulation study. Biosystems 2024; 240:105234. [PMID: 38759750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Avian eggshells exhibit excellent antimicrobial properties. In this study, we conducted simulation experiments to explore the defense mechanisms of eggshell membranes with regards to their physical features. We developed a mathematical model for the movement of microorganisms and estimated their penetration ratio into eggshell membranes based on several factors, including membrane thickness, microbial size, directional drift, and attachment probability to membrane fibers. These results not only suggest that an eggshell membrane with multiple layers and low porosity indicates high antimicrobial performance, but also imply that the fibrous network structure of the membrane might contribute to effective defense. Our simulation results aligned with experimental findings, specifically in measuring the penetration time of Escherichia coli through the eggshell membrane. We briefly discuss the significance and limitations of this pilot study, as well as the potential for these results, to serve as a foundation for the development of antimicrobial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Sim
- Ecological Technology Research Team, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Chungnam, South Korea.
| | - Cheol-Min Park
- Division of Industrial Mathematics, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Division of Industrial Mathematics, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Haeun Cho
- Laboratory of Behaviour and Ecology, Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngheum Ji
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Heeso Noh
- Department of Nano and Electronic Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Im Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea
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2
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Sarker D, Zubair A. Titanium nitride-based hyperbolic metamaterial for near-infrared ultrasensitive sensing of microbes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10273-10283. [PMID: 38497803 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate an ultrasensitive microbe sensor for the first time using a titanium nitride (TiN) nanowire-based hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) structure. We detected the change in the resonance wavelength shift due to the inclusion of microbes in a freshwater environment employing the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Our proposed HMM sensor exhibits strong bulk plasmon polariton (BPP) modes in the anisotropic hyperbolic regime (λ ≥ 590 nm) and operates in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength region. We studied the impact of structural parameters on the resonance wavelength shift, where our proposed HMM sensor structure exhibited an outstanding sensing capability of 11 nm per bacteria. A limit of detection of 0.00008 RIU was achieved for our proposed HMM sensor structure. Additionally, we verified our results theoretically to calculate mode frequency shift by solving the effective medium theory (EMT). Our study revealed that HMM is the origin of highly sensitive BPP modes. We obtained two BPP modes, where the BPP mode at a longer wavelength (q = 1) exhibited the highest resonance wavelength shift compared to the BPP mode at a shorter wavelength (q = 2). More importantly, we demonstrated numerically the point-detection capability of our proposed HMM microbe sensor structure, which was unattainable in previously reported sensor work. Moreover, this sensor can be adapted to detect different viruses and bacteria. Our proposed TiN-based HMM structure can potentially be an ultrasensitive and straightforward microbe sensor for label-free detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dip Sarker
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Ahmed Zubair
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
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3
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Gigli L, Braidotti N, Lima MADRBF, Ciubotaru CD, Cojoc D. Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:789. [PMID: 37622874 PMCID: PMC10452265 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are among the most frequent infectious diseases and require screening a great amount of urine samples from patients. However, a high percentage of samples result as negative after urine culture plate tests (CPTs), demanding a simple and fast preliminary technique to screen out the negative samples. We propose a digital holographic microscopy (DHM) method to inspect fresh urine samples flowing in a glass capillary for 3 min, recording holograms at 2 frames per second. After digital reconstruction, bacteria, white and red blood cells, epithelial cells and crystals were identified and counted, and the samples were classified as negative or positive according to clinical cutoff values. Taking the CPT as reference, we processed 180 urine samples and compared the results with those of urine flow cytometry (UFC). Using standard evaluation metrics for our screening test, we found a similar performance for DHM and UFC, indicating DHM as a suitable and fast screening technique retaining several advantages. As a benefit of DHM, the technique is label-free and does not require sample preparation. Moreover, the phase and amplitude images of the cells and other particles present in urine are digitally recorded and can serve for further investigation afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gigli
- Alifax s.r.l. Via Merano, 30, Nimis, 33045 Udine, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Braidotti
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Lima
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Catalin Dacian Ciubotaru
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Dan Cojoc
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
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4
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Yahav G, Pawar S, Lipovsky A, Gupta A, Gedanken A, Duadi H, Fixler D. Probing Polarity and pH Sensitivity of Carbon Dots in Escherichia coli through Time-Resolved Fluorescence Analyses. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2068. [PMID: 37513079 PMCID: PMC10384995 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular monitoring of pH and polarity is crucial for understanding cellular processes and functions. This study employed pH- and polarity-sensitive nanomaterials such as carbon dots (CDs) for the intracellular sensing of pH, polarity, and viscosity using integrated time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy (FA) imaging (TR-FAIM) and fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging microscopy (FLIM), thereby enabling comprehensive characterization. The functional groups on the surface of CDs exhibit sensitivity to changes in the microenvironment, leading to variations in fluorescence intensity (FI) and FLT according to pH and polarity. The FLT of CDs in aqueous solution changed gradually from 6.38 ± 0.05 ns to 8.03 ± 0.21 ns within a pH range of 2-8. Interestingly, a complex relationship of FI and FLT was observed during measurements of CDs with decreasing polarity. However, the FA and rotational correlation time (θ) increased from 0.062 ± 0.019 to 0.112 ± 0.023 and from 0.49 ± 0.03 ns to 2.01 ± 0.27 ns, respectively. This increase in FA and θ was attributed to the higher viscosity accompanying the decrease in polarity. Furthermore, CDs were found to bind to three locations in Escherichia coli: the cell wall, inner membrane, and cytoplasm, enabling intracellular characterization using FI and FA decay imaging. FLT provided insights into cytoplasmic pH (7.67 ± 0.48), which agreed with previous works, as well as the decrease in polarity in the cell wall and inner membrane. The CD aggregation was suspected in certain areas based on FA, and the θ provided information on cytoplasmic heterogeneity due to the aggregation and/or interactions with biomolecules. The combined TR-FAIM/FLIM system allowed for simultaneous monitoring of pH and polarity changes through FLIM and viscosity variations through TR-FAIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Yahav
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Shweta Pawar
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Anat Lipovsky
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Akanksha Gupta
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Hamootal Duadi
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Dror Fixler
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
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5
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Gorobets S, Gorobets O, Sharai I, Polyakova T, Zablotskii V. Gradient Magnetic Field Accelerates Division of E. coli Nissle 1917. Cells 2023; 12:315. [PMID: 36672251 PMCID: PMC9857180 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cycle progression is regulated by numerous intricate endogenous mechanisms, among which intracellular forces and protein motors are central players. Although it seems unlikely that it is possible to speed up this molecular machinery by applying tiny external forces to the cell, we show that magnetic forcing of magnetosensitive bacteria reduces the duration of the mitotic phase. In such bacteria, the coupling of the cell cycle to the splitting of chains of biogenic magnetic nanoparticles (BMNs) provides a biological realization of such forcing. Using a static gradient magnetic field of a special spatial configuration, in probiotic bacteria E. coli Nissle 1917, we shortened the duration of the mitotic phase and thereby accelerated cell division. Thus, focused magnetic gradient forces exerted on the BMN chains allowed us to intervene in the processes of division and growth of bacteria. The proposed magnetic-based cell division regulation strategy can improve the efficiency of microbial cell factories and medical applications of magnetosensitive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Gorobets
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biotechnics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Gorobets
- Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Magnetism of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Sharai
- Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Magnetism of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tatyana Polyakova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vitalii Zablotskii
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center (iMFRC), Science Island, Hefei 230000, China
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6
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Larsson PO, Leiva Eriksson N. Seeing through cells: Rapid measurement of intracellular target proteins. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:996224. [PMID: 36263354 PMCID: PMC9574089 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.996224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied a method for making microbial cells transparent by immersing them in a solution with a high refractive index (RI). When the RI of the solution was matching that of the cells, light scattering was greatly diminished (by a factor of up to about 100) and the cell suspension became transparent, facilitating the spectrophotometric determination of intracellular compounds such as hemoglobin. We investigated the properties of several compounds such as sucrose, glycerol, bovine serum albumin, FicollTM, and iodixanol (OptiprepTM), each with advantages and disadvantages. Particularly good overall properties were found for iodixanol at a concentration of around 36% (w/v) and bovine serum albumin at a concentration of about 30% (w/v). By using this RI-matching principle the production of intracellular compounds can easily be followed in near real-time during fermentation processes. For example, some conditions for producing plant hemoglobin in Escherichia coli were conveniently determined without the need of any cell disintegration or product purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per-Olof Larsson
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Per-Olof Larsson, ; Nelida Leiva Eriksson,
| | - Nelida Leiva Eriksson
- Division of Biotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Per-Olof Larsson, ; Nelida Leiva Eriksson,
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7
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Luo J, Ser W, Liu A, Yap P, Liedberg B, Rayatpisheh S. Low complexity and accurate Machine learning model for waterborne pathogen classification using only three handcrafted features from optofluidic images. Biomed Signal Process Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.103821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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8
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Rosłoń IE, Japaridze A, Steeneken PG, Dekker C, Alijani F. Probing nanomotion of single bacteria with graphene drums. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:637-642. [PMID: 35437320 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Motion is a key characteristic of every form of life1. Even at the microscale, it has been reported that colonies of bacteria can generate nanomotion on mechanical cantilevers2, but the origin of these nanoscale vibrations has remained unresolved3,4. Here, we present a new technique using drums made of ultrathin bilayer graphene, where the nanomotion of single bacteria can be measured in its aqueous growth environment. A single Escherichia coli cell is found to generate random oscillations with amplitudes of up to 60 nm, exerting forces of up to 6 nN to its environment. Using mutant strains that differ by single gene deletions that affect motility, we are able to pinpoint the bacterial flagella as the main source of nanomotion. By real-time tracing of changes in nanomotion on administering antibiotics, we demonstrate that graphene drums can perform antibiotic susceptibility testing with single-cell sensitivity. These findings deepen our understanding of processes underlying cellular dynamics, and pave the way towards high-throughput and parallelized rapid screening of the effectiveness of antibiotics in bacterial infections with graphene devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irek E Rosłoń
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Cees Dekker
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
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9
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Tardif M, Picard E, Gaude V, Jager JB, Peyrade D, Hadji E, Marcoux PR. On-Chip Optical Nano-Tweezers for Culture-Less Fast Bacterial Viability Assessment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2103765. [PMID: 34784093 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Because of antibiotics misuse, the dramatic growth of antibioresistance threatens public health. Tests are indeed culture-based, and require therefore one to two days. This long time-to-result implies the use of large-spectrum antibiotherapies as a first step, in absence of pathogen characterization. Here, a breakthrough approach for a culture-less fast assessment of bacterial response to stress is proposed. It is based on non-destructive on-chip optical tweezing. A laser loads an optical nanobeam cavity whose evanescent part of the resonant field acts as a nano-tweezer for bacteria surrounding the cavity. Once optically trapped, the bacterium-nanobeam cavity interaction induces a shift of the resonance driven by the bacterial cell wall optical index. The analysis of the wavelength shift yields an assessment of viability upon stress at the single-cell scale. As a proof of concept, bacteria are stressed by incursion, before optical trapping, at different temperatures (45, 51, and 70 °C). Optical index changes correlate with the degree of thermal stress allowing to sort viable and dead bacteria. With this disruptive diagnosis method, bacterial viability upon stress is probed much faster (typically less than 4 h) than with conventional culture-based enumeration methods (24 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Tardif
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CEA, IRIG, Pheliqs, SiNaPS Lab, Grenoble, F-38000, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Emmanuel Picard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CEA, IRIG, Pheliqs, SiNaPS Lab, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Victor Gaude
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Jager
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CEA, IRIG, Pheliqs, SiNaPS Lab, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - David Peyrade
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Emmanuel Hadji
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, CEA, IRIG, Pheliqs, SiNaPS Lab, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Pierre R Marcoux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, LSIV, Grenoble, F-38000, France
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10
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Novel Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Biosensor for Label-Free Real-Time Biofilm Monitoring. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11100361. [PMID: 34677317 PMCID: PMC8533833 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization forecasts, AntiMicrobial Resistance (AMR) is expected to become one of the leading causes of death worldwide in the following decades. The rising danger of AMR is caused by the overuse of antibiotics, which are becoming ineffective against many pathogens, particularly in the presence of bacterial biofilms. In this context, non-destructive label-free techniques for the real-time study of the biofilm generation and maturation, together with the analysis of the efficiency of antibiotics, are in high demand. Here, we propose the design of a novel optoelectronic device based on a dual array of interdigitated micro- and nanoelectrodes in parallel, aiming at monitoring the bacterial biofilm evolution by using optical and electrical measurements. The optical response given by the nanostructure, based on the Guided Mode Resonance effect with a Q-factor of about 400 and normalized resonance amplitude of about 0.8, allows high spatial resolution for the analysis of the interaction between planktonic bacteria distributed in small colonies and their role in the biofilm generation, calculating a resonance wavelength shift variation of 0.9 nm in the presence of bacteria on the surface, while the electrical response with both micro- and nanoelectrodes is necessary for the study of the metabolic state of the bacteria to reveal the efficacy of antibiotics for the destruction of the biofilm, measuring a current change of 330 nA when a 15 µm thick biofilm is destroyed with respect to the absence of biofilm.
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11
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Buzalewicz I, Ulatowska-Jarża A, Kaczorowska A, Gąsior-Głogowska M, Podbielska H, Karwańska M, Wieliczko A, Matczuk AK, Kowal K, Kopaczyńska M. Bacteria Single-Cell and Photosensitizer Interaction Revealed by Quantitative Phase Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5068. [PMID: 34064730 PMCID: PMC8151141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying changes in bacteria cells in the presence of antibacterial treatment is one of the main challenges facing contemporary medicine; it is a challenge that is relevant for tackling issues pertaining to bacterial biofilm formation that substantially decreases susceptibility to biocidal agents. Three-dimensional label-free imaging and quantitative analysis of bacteria-photosensitizer interactions, crucial for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, is still limited due to the use of conventional imaging techniques. We present a new method for investigating the alterations in living cells and quantitatively analyzing the process of bacteria photodynamic inactivation. Digital holographic tomography (DHT) was used for in situ examination of the response of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to the accumulation of the photosensitizers immobilized in the copolymer revealed by the changes in the 3D refractive index distributions of single cells. Obtained results were confirmed by confocal microscopy and statistical analysis. We demonstrated that DHT enables real-time characterization of the subcellular structures, the biophysical processes, and the induced local changes of the intracellular density in a label-free manner and at sub-micrometer spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Buzalewicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Ulatowska-Jarża
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kaczorowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Marlena Gąsior-Głogowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Karwańska
- Department of Epizootiology and Veterinary Administration with Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 45 Grunwaldzki Square, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Alina Wieliczko
- Department of Epizootiology and Veterinary Administration with Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 45 Grunwaldzki Square, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland; (M.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna K. Matczuk
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 31 C.K. Norwida St., 51-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | | | - Marta Kopaczyńska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże S. Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (A.U.-J.); (A.K.); (M.G.-G.); (H.P.); (M.K.)
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12
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Üçok G, Sert D. Growth kinetics and biomass characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum L14 isolated from sourdough: Effect of fermentation time on dough machinability. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Feng W, Kadiyala U, Yan J, Wang Y, DiRita VJ, VanEpps JS, Kotov NA. Plasmonic nanoparticles assemblies templated by helical bacteria and resulting optical activity. Chirality 2020; 32:899-906. [PMID: 32319710 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) adsorbing onto helical bacteria can lead to formation of NP helicoids with micron scale pitch. Associated chiroptical effects can be utilized as bioanalytical tool for bacterial detection and better understanding of the spectral behavior of helical self-assembled structures with different scales. Here, we report that enantiomerically pure helices with micron scale of chirality can be assembled on Campylobacter jejuni, a helical bacterium known for severe stomach infections. These organisms have right-handed helical shapes with a pitch of 1-2 microns and can serve as versatile templates for a variety of NPs. The bacteria itself shows no observable rotatory activity in the visible, red, and near-IR ranges of electromagnetic spectrum. The bacterial dispersion acquires chiroptical activity at 500-750 nm upon plasmonic functionalization with Au NPs. Finite-difference time-domain simulations confirmed the attribution of the chiroptical activity to the helical assembly of gold nanoparticles. The position of the circular dichroism peaks observed for these chiral structures overlaps with those obtained before for Au NPs and their constructs with molecular and nanoscale chirality. This work provides an experimental and computational pathway to utilize chiroplasmonic particles assembled on bacteria for bioanalytical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchun Feng
- US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Usha Kadiyala
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiao Yan
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yichun Wang
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Victor J DiRita
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - J Scott VanEpps
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Membrane molecular crowding enhances MreB polymerization to shape synthetic cells from spheres to rods. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:1902-1909. [PMID: 31932440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1914656117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Executing gene circuits by cell-free transcription-translation into cell-sized compartments, such as liposomes, is one of the major bottom-up approaches to building minimal cells. The dynamic synthesis and proper self-assembly of macromolecular structures inside liposomes, the cytoskeleton in particular, stands as a central limitation to the development of cell analogs genetically programmed. In this work, we express the Escherichia coli gene mreB inside vesicles with bilayers made of lipid-polyethylene glycol (PEG). We demonstrate that two-dimensional molecular crowding, emulated by the PEG molecules at the lipid bilayer, is enough to promote the polymerization of the protein MreB at the inner membrane into a sturdy cytoskeleton capable of transforming spherical liposomes into elongated shapes, such as rod-like compartments. We quantitatively describe this mechanism with respect to the size of liposomes, lipid composition of the membrane, crowding at the membrane, and strength of MreB synthesis. So far unexplored, molecular crowding at the surface of synthetic cells emerges as an additional development with potential broad applications. The symmetry breaking observed could be an important step toward compartment self-reproduction.
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15
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Benkstein KD, Da Silva SM, Lin NJ, Ripple DC. Evaluating changes to Ralstonia pickettii in high-purity water to guide selection of potential calibration materials for online water bioburden analyzers. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:1469-1478. [PMID: 31346816 PMCID: PMC6826051 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Online water bioburden analyzers (OWBAs) can provide real-time feedback on viable bacteria in high-purity water (HPW) systems for pharmaceutical manufacturers. To calibrate and validate OWBAs, which detect bacteria using scattered light and bacterial autofluorescence, standards are needed that mimic the characteristics of bacteria in HPW. To guide selection of potential standards, e.g., fluorescent microspheres, a relevant bacterial contaminant, Ralstonia pickettii, was characterized for size, count, viability, and autofluorescence after exposure for 24 h to HPW or a nutrient environment. The cells exposed to HPW showed smaller sizes, with lower counts and autofluorescence intensities, but similar spectral features. The cell characteristics are discussed in comparison with a set of fluorescent microspheres, considering factors relevant to OWBAs. These studies suggest that fluorescent microspheres should be relatively small (< 1 µm diameter) and dim, while covering a broad emission range from ≈ (420 to 600) nm to best mimic the representative R. pickettii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt D Benkstein
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8362, USA.
| | - Sandra M Da Silva
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8543, USA
| | - Nancy J Lin
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8543, USA
| | - Dean C Ripple
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8362, USA
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16
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Conteduca D, Brunetti G, Dell'Olio F, Armenise MN, Krauss TF, Ciminelli C. Monitoring of individual bacteria using electro-photonic traps. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3463-3471. [PMID: 31467790 PMCID: PMC6706028 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) describes the ability of bacteria to become immune to antimicrobial treatments. Current testing for AMR is based on culturing methods that are very slow because they assess the average response of billions of bacteria. In principle, if tests were available that could assess the response of individual bacteria, they could be much faster. Here, we propose an electro-photonic approach for the analysis and the monitoring of susceptibility at the single-bacterium level. Our method employs optical tweezers based on photonic crystal cavities for the trapping of individual bacteria. While the bacteria are trapped, antibiotics can be added to the medium and the corresponding changes in the optical properties and motility of the bacteria be monitored via changes of the resonance wavelength and transmission. Furthermore, the proposed assay is able to monitor the impedance of the medium surrounding the bacterium, which allows us to record changes in metabolic rate in response to the antibiotic challenge. For example, our simulations predict a variation in measurable electrical current of up to 40% between dead and live bacteria. The proposed platform is the first, to our knowledge, that allows the parallel study of both the optical and the electrical response of individual bacteria to antibiotic challenge. Our platform opens up new lines of enquiry for monitoring the response of bacteria and it could lead the way towards the dissemination of a new generation of antibiogram study, which is relevant for the development of a point-of-care AMR diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Conteduca
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Giuseppe Brunetti
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Dell'Olio
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario N Armenise
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Thomas F Krauss
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Caterina Ciminelli
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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17
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Helling A, Grote C, Büning D, Ulbricht M, Wessling M, Polakovic M, Thom V. Influence of flow alterations on bacteria retention during microfiltration. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Bastos AR, Vicente CMS, Oliveira-Silva R, Silva NJO, Tacão M, Costa JPD, Lima M, André PS, Ferreira RAS. Integrated Optical Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on Organic-Inorganic Hybrids for Photonics-on-a-Chip Biosensing Applications. SENSORS 2018. [PMID: 29534514 PMCID: PMC5877377 DOI: 10.3390/s18030840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of portable low-cost integrated optics-based biosensors for photonics-on-a-chip devices for real-time diagnosis are of great interest, offering significant advantages over current analytical methods. We report the fabrication and characterization of an optical sensor based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to monitor the growing concentration of bacteria in a liquid medium. The device pattern was imprinted on transparent self-patternable organic-inorganic di-ureasil hybrid films by direct UV-laser, reducing the complexity and cost production compared with lithographic techniques or three-dimensional (3D) patterning using femtosecond lasers. The sensor performance was evaluated using, as an illustrative example, E. coli cell growth in an aqueous medium. The measured sensitivity (2 × 10-4 RIU) and limit of detection (LOD = 2 × 10-4) are among the best values known for low-refractive index contrast sensors. Furthermore, the di-ureasil hybrid used to produce this biosensor has additional advantages, such as mechanical flexibility, thermal stability, and low insertion losses due to fiber-device refractive index mismatch (~1.49). Therefore, the proposed sensor constitutes a direct, compact, fast, and cost-effective solution for monitoring the concentration of lived-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Bastos
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlos M S Vicente
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rui Oliveira-Silva
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nuno J O Silva
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marta Tacão
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João P da Costa
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mário Lima
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electric and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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19
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Coles D, Flatten LC, Sydney T, Hounslow E, Saikin SK, Aspuru-Guzik A, Vedral V, Tang JKH, Taylor RA, Smith JM, Lidzey DG. A Nanophotonic Structure Containing Living Photosynthetic Bacteria. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1701777. [PMID: 28809455 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms rely on a series of self-assembled nanostructures with tuned electronic energy levels in order to transport energy from where it is collected by photon absorption, to reaction centers where the energy is used to drive chemical reactions. In the photosynthetic bacteria Chlorobaculum tepidum, a member of the green sulfur bacteria family, light is absorbed by large antenna complexes called chlorosomes to create an exciton. The exciton is transferred to a protein baseplate attached to the chlorosome, before migrating through the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex to the reaction center. Here, it is shown that by placing living Chlorobaculum tepidum bacteria within a photonic microcavity, the strong exciton-photon coupling regime between a confined cavity mode and exciton states of the chlorosome can be accessed, whereby a coherent exchange of energy between the bacteria and cavity mode results in the formation of polariton states. The polaritons have energy distinct from that of the exciton which can be tuned by modifying the energy of the optical modes of the microcavity. It is believed that this is the first demonstration of the modification of energy levels within living biological systems using a photonic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK
| | - Lucas C Flatten
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Sheffield, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Thomas Sydney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Emily Hounslow
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Semion K Saikin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Vlatko Vedral
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Joseph Kuo-Hsiang Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA, 01610-1477, USA
| | - Robert A Taylor
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jason M Smith
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Sheffield, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - David G Lidzey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK
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20
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Jastrzębska A, Karwowska E, Kostecki M, Olszyna A. Bacterial adsorption with graphene family materials compared to nano-alumina. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-160217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Jastrzębska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska, Poland
| | - E. Karwowska
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska, Poland
| | - M. Kostecki
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska, Poland
| | - A.R. Olszyna
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska, Poland
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21
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Bedrossian M, Lindensmith C, Nadeau JL. Digital Holographic Microscopy, a Method for Detection of Microorganisms in Plume Samples from Enceladus and Other Icy Worlds. ASTROBIOLOGY 2017; 17:913-925. [PMID: 28708412 PMCID: PMC5610429 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2016.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Detection of extant microbial life on Earth and elsewhere in the Solar System requires the ability to identify and enumerate micrometer-scale, essentially featureless cells. On Earth, bacteria are usually enumerated by culture plating or epifluorescence microscopy. Culture plates require long incubation times and can only count culturable strains, and epifluorescence microscopy requires extensive staining and concentration of the sample and instrumentation that is not readily miniaturized for space. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) represents an alternative technique with no moving parts and higher throughput than traditional microscopy, making it potentially useful in space for detection of extant microorganisms provided that sufficient numbers of cells can be collected. Because sample collection is expected to be the limiting factor for space missions, especially to outer planets, it is important to quantify the limits of detection of any proposed technique for extant life detection. Here we use both laboratory and field samples to measure the limits of detection of an off-axis digital holographic microscope (DHM). A statistical model is used to estimate any instrument's probability of detection at various bacterial concentrations based on the optical performance characteristics of the instrument, as well as estimate the confidence interval of detection. This statistical model agrees well with the limit of detection of 103 cells/mL that was found experimentally with laboratory samples. In environmental samples, active cells were immediately evident at concentrations of 104 cells/mL. Published estimates of cell densities for Enceladus plumes yield up to 104 cells/mL, which are well within the off-axis DHM's limits of detection to confidence intervals greater than or equal to 95%, assuming sufficient sample volumes can be collected. The quantitative phase imaging provided by DHM allowed minerals to be distinguished from cells. Off-axis DHM's ability for rapid low-level bacterial detection and counting shows its viability as a technique for detection of extant microbial life provided that the cells can be captured intact and delivered to the sample chamber in a sufficient volume of liquid for imaging. Key Words: In situ life detection-Extant microorganisms-Holographic microscopy-Ocean Worlds-Enceladus-Imaging. Astrobiology 17, 913-925.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bedrossian
- Graduate Aerospace Laboratories (GALCIT) and Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Chris Lindensmith
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Jay L. Nadeau
- Graduate Aerospace Laboratories (GALCIT) and Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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22
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Cell morphology governs directional control in swimming bacteria. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2061. [PMID: 28515428 PMCID: PMC5435708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01565-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to rapidly detect and track nutrient gradients is key to the ecological success of motile bacteria in aquatic systems. Consequently, bacteria have evolved a number of chemotactic strategies that consist of sequences of straight runs and reorientations. Theoretically, both phases are affected by fluid drag and Brownian motion, which are themselves governed by cell geometry. Here, we experimentally explore the effect of cell length on control of swimming direction. We subjected Escherichia coli to an antibiotic to obtain motile cells of different lengths, and characterized their swimming patterns in a homogeneous medium. As cells elongated, angles between runs became smaller, forcing a change from a run-and-tumble to a run-and-stop/reverse pattern. Our results show that changes in the motility pattern of microorganisms can be induced by simple morphological variation, and raise the possibility that changes in swimming pattern may be triggered by both morphological plasticity and selection on morphology.
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23
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Kim TI, Kwon B, Yoon J, Park IJ, Bang GS, Park Y, Seo YS, Choi SY. Antibacterial Activities of Graphene Oxide-Molybdenum Disulfide Nanocomposite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7908-7917. [PMID: 28198615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene-based materials and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets, are promising materials for biomedical applications owing to their remarkable cytocompatibility and physicochemical properties. On the basis of their potent antibacterial properties, 2D materials have potential as antibacterial films, wherein the 2D nanosheets are immobilized on the surface and the bacteria may contact with the basal planes of 2D nanosheets dominantly rather than contact with the sharp edges of nanosheets. To address these points, in this study, we prepared an effective antibacterial surface consisting of representative 2D materials, i.e., graphene oxide (GO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), formed into nanosheets on a transparent substrate for real device applications. The antimicrobial properties of the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite surface toward the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were investigated, and the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite exhibited enhanced antimicrobial effects with increased glutathione oxidation capacity and partial conductivity. Furthermore, direct imaging of continuous morphological destruction in the individual bacterial cells having contacts with the GO-MoS2 nanocomposite surface was characterized by holotomographic (HT) microscopy, which could be used to detect the refractive index (RI) distribution of each voxel in bacterial cell and reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) mapping images of bacteria. In this regard, the decreases in both the volume (67.2%) and the dry mass (78.8%) of bacterial cells that came in contact with the surface for 80 min were quantitatively measured, and releasing of intracellular components mediated by membrane and oxidative stress was observed. Our findings provided new insights into the antibacterial properties of 2D nanocomposite film with label-free tracing of bacterial cell which improve our understanding of antimicrobial activities and opened a window for the 2D nanocomposite as a practical antibacterial film in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonghee Yoon
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - YongKeun Park
- TOMOCUBE, Incorporated, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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24
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Extending calibration-free force measurements to optically-trapped rod-shaped samples. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42960. [PMID: 28220855 PMCID: PMC5318951 DOI: 10.1038/srep42960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical trapping has become an optimal choice for biological research at the microscale due to its non-invasive performance and accessibility for quantitative studies, especially on the forces involved in biological processes. However, reliable force measurements depend on the calibration of the optical traps, which is different for each experiment and hence requires high control of the local variables, especially of the trapped object geometry. Many biological samples have an elongated, rod-like shape, such as chromosomes, intracellular organelles (e.g., peroxisomes), membrane tubules, certain microalgae, and a wide variety of bacteria and parasites. This type of samples often requires several optical traps to stabilize and orient them in the correct spatial direction, making it more difficult to determine the total force applied. Here, we manipulate glass microcylinders with holographic optical tweezers and show the accurate measurement of drag forces by calibration-free direct detection of beam momentum. The agreement between our results and slender-body hydrodynamic theoretical calculations indicates potential for this force-sensing method in studying protracted, rod-shaped specimens.
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25
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26
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Wang A, Garmann RF, Manoharan VN. Tracking E. coli runs and tumbles with scattering solutions and digital holographic microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:23719-23725. [PMID: 27828208 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.023719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We use in-line digital holographic microscopy to image freely swimming E. coli. We show that fitting a light scattering model to E. coli holograms can yield quantitative information about the bacterium's body rotation and tumbles, offering a precise way to track fine details of bacterial motility. We are able to extract the cell's three-dimensional (3D) position and orientation and recover behavior such as body angle rotation during runs, tumbles, and pole reversal. Our technique is label-free and capable of frame rates limited only by the camera.
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27
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Kim H, Doh IJ, Sturgis J, Bhunia AK, Robinson JP, Bae E. Reflected scatterometry for noninvasive interrogation of bacterial colonies. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:107004. [PMID: 27775748 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.10.107004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A phenotyping of bacterial colonies on agar plates using forward-scattering diffraction-pattern analysis provided promising classification of several different bacteria such as Salmonella, Vibrio, Listeria, and E. coli. Since the technique is based on forward-scattering phenomena, light transmittance of both the colony and the medium is critical to ensure quality data. However, numerous microorganisms and their growth media allow only limited light penetration and render the forward-scattering measurement a challenging task. For example, yeast, Lactobacillus, mold, and several soil bacteria form colorful and dense colonies that obstruct most of the incoming light passing through them. Moreover, blood agar, which is widely utilized in the clinical field, completely blocks the incident coherent light source used in forward scatterometry. We present a newly designed reflection scatterometer and validation of the resolving power of the instrument. The reflectance-type instrument can acquire backward elastic scatter patterns for both highly opaque media and colonies and has been tested with three different bacterial genera grown on blood agar plates. Cross-validation results show a classification rate above 90% for four genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisung Kim
- Purdue University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Applied Optics Laboratory, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Iyll-Joon Doh
- Purdue University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Applied Optics Laboratory, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jennifer Sturgis
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Arun K Bhunia
- Purdue University, Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - J Paul Robinson
- Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United StatesdPurdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Euiwon Bae
- Purdue University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Applied Optics Laboratory, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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28
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Paiola J, Auradou H, Bodiguel H. Large scale flow visualization and anemometry applied to lab-on-a-chip models of porous media. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:2851-2859. [PMID: 27349888 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00703a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The following is a report on an experimental technique that allows one to quantify and map the velocity field with very high resolution and simple equipment in large 2D devices. Illumination through a grid is proposed to reinforce the contrast in the images and allow one to detect seeded particles that are pixel-sized or even smaller. The velocimetry technique that we have reported is based on the auto-correlation functions of the pixel intensity, which we have shown are directly related to the magnitude of the local average velocity. The characteristic time involved in the decorrelation of the signal is proportional to the tracer size and inversely proportional to the average velocity. We have reported on a detailed discussion about the optimization of relevant involved parameters, the spatial resolution and the accuracy of the method. The technique is then applied to a model porous medium made of a random channel network. We show that it is highly efficient to determine the magnitude of the flow in each of the channels of the network, opening the door to the fundamental study of the flows of complex fluids. The latter is illustrated with a yield stress fluid, in which the flow becomes highly heterogeneous at small flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Paiola
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Solvay, LOF UMR5258, Pessac, France
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