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Chen Y, Ni L, Liu Q, Deng Z, Ding J, Zhang L, Zhang C, Ma Z, Zhang D. Photo-aging promotes the inhibitory effect of polystyrene microplastics on microbial reductive dechlorination of a polychlorinated biphenyl mixture (Aroclor 1260). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131350. [PMID: 37030223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and microplastics (MPs) commonly co-exist in various environments. MPs inevitably start aging once they enter environment. In this study, the effect of photo-aged polystyrene MPs on microbial PCB dechlorination was investigated. After a UV aging treatment, the proportion of oxygen-containing groups in MPs increased. Photo-aging promoted the inhibitory effect of MPs on microbial reductive dechlorination of PCBs, mainly attributed to the inhibition of meta-chlorine removal. The inhibitory effects on hydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase activity by MPs increased with increasing aging degree, which may be attributed to electron transfer chain inhibition. PERMANOVA showed significant differences in microbial community structure between culturing systems with and without MPs (p < 0.05). Co-occurrence network showed a simpler structure and higher proportion of negative correlation in the presence of MPs, especially for biofilms, resulting in increased potential for competition among bacteria. MP addition altered microbial community diversity, structure, interactions, and assembly processes, which was more deterministic in biofilms than in suspension cultures, especially regarding the bins of Dehalococcoides. This study sheds light on the microbial reductive dechlorination metabolisms and mechanisms where PCBs and MPs co-exist and provides theoretical guidance for in situ application of PCB bioremediation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Lingfang Ni
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Zhaochao Deng
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Jiawei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Beihai 536000, PR China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China.
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2
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Hu T, Yamaura M, Pham DM, Kasai T, Katayama A. Wide distribution of extracellular electron transfer functionality in natural proteinaceous organic materials for microbial reductive dehalogenation. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 135:238-249. [PMID: 36646568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer materials (EETMs) in the environment, such as humic substances and biochar, are formed from the humification/heating of natural organic materials. However, the distribution of extracellular electron transfer (EET) functionality in fresh natural organic materials has not yet been explored. In the present study, we reveal the wide distribution of EET functionality in proteinaceous materials for the first time using an anaerobic pentachlorophenol dechlorinating consortium, whose activity depends on EETM. Out of 11 natural organic materials and 13 reference compounds, seven proteinaceous organic materials (albumin, beef, milk, pork, soybean, yolk, and bovine serum albumin) functioned as EETMs. Carbohydrates and lipids did not function as EETMs. Comparative spectroscopic analyses suggested that a β-sheet secondary structure was essential for proteins to function as EETMs, regardless of water solubility. A high content of reduced sulfur was potentially involved in EET functionality. Although proteinaceous materials have thus far been considered simply as nutrients, the wide distribution of EET functionality in these materials provides new insights into their impact on biogeochemical cycles. In addition, structural information on EET functionality can provide a scientific basis for the development of eco-friendly EETMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamaura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Duyen Minh Pham
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takuya Kasai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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3
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Hu T, Pham DM, Kasai T, Katayama A. The Emergence of Extracellular Electron Mediating Functionality in Rice Straw-Artificial Soil Mixture during Humification. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15173. [PMID: 36429897 PMCID: PMC9691237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the origin of extracellular electron mediating (EEM) functionality and redox-active center(s) in humic substances, where they are ubiquitously distributed. Here, we show the emergence of EEM functionality during the humification of rice straw in artificial soil (kaolin and sand) with a matric potential of -100 cm at 20 °C for one year. We used the dechlorination activity of an EEM material-dependent pentachlorophenol-dechlorinating anaerobic microbial consortium as an index of the EEM functionality. Although rice straw and its mixture with artificial soil did not initially have EEM functionality, it emerged after one month of humification and increased until six months after which the functionality was maintained for one year. Chemical and electrochemical characterizations demonstrated that the emergence and increase in EEM functionality were correlated with the degradation of rice straw, formation of quinone structures, a decrease in aromatic structures, an increase in nitrogenous and aliphatic structures, and specific electric capacitance during humification. The newly formed quinone structure was suggested as a potential redox-active center for the EEM functionality. These findings provide novel insights into the dynamic changes in EEM functionality during the humification of organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Duyen Minh Pham
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takuya Kasai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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4
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Ha BN, Pham DM, Kasai T, Awata T, Katayama A. Effect of Humin and Chemical Factors on CO 2-Fixing Acetogenesis and Methanogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052546. [PMID: 35270239 PMCID: PMC8909181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acetogenesis and methanogenesis have attracted attention as CO2-fixing reactions. Humin, a humic substance insoluble at any pH, has been found to assist CO2-fixing acetogenesis as the sole electron donor. Here, using two CO2-fixing consortia with acetogenic and methanogenic activities, the effect of various parameters on these activities was examined. One consortium utilized humin and hydrogen (H2) as electron donors for acetogenesis, either separately or simultaneously, but with a preference for the electron use from humin. The acetogenic activity was accelerated 14 times by FeS at 0.2 g/L as the optimal concentration, while being inhibited by MgSO4 at concentration above 0.02 g/L and by NaCl at concentrations higher than 6 g/L. Another consortium did not utilize humin but H2 as electron donor, suggesting that humin was not a universal electron donor for acetogenesis. For methanogenesis, both consortia did not utilize extracellular electrons from humin unless H2 was present. The methanogenesis was promoted by FeS at 0.2 g/L or higher concentrations, especially without humin, and with NaCl at 2 g/L or higher concentrations regardless of the presence of humin, while no significant effect was observed with MgSO4. Comparative sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA genes suggested that minor groups were the humin-utilizing acetogens in the consortium dominated by Clostridia, while Methanobacterium was the methanogen utilizing humin with H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biec Nhu Ha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (B.N.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Duyen Minh Pham
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;
| | - Takuya Kasai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (B.N.H.); (T.K.)
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;
| | - Takanori Awata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan;
| | - Arata Katayama
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (B.N.H.); (T.K.)
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-789-5856
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5
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Pham DM, Dey S, Katayama A. Activation of extracellular electron network in non-electroactive bacteria by Bombyx mori silk. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:1-11. [PMID: 34871655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer material (EETM) has increasingly attracted attentions for the enhancing effect on multiple microbial reactions. Especially, EETM is known to be essential to activate the energy network in non-electroactive bacteria. It is motivated to find out an EETM which is natural-based, environmentally friendly, and easily produced at large-scale. In this study, Bombyx mori silk is found, for the first time, to function as an EETM by using an EETM-dependent pentachlorophenol (PCP) dechlorinating anaerobic microbial culture. Subsequently, by dividing fibroin fiber into different soluble/insoluble fractions and correlating their EET functions with their structural properties based on various spectroscopic analyses, the β-sheet configuration is suggested as an essential structure supporting the EET function of silk materials. The analyses also suggested the involvement of sulfur-containing amino acids in this function. The EET function is not degraded by boiling or acid/alkaline treatments and the material can be utilized multiple times, although it is susceptible to UV irradiation. Bombyx mori silk also enhance other microbial reactions, including Fe(III)OOH reduction, CO2 reduction to acetate, and nitrogen fixation. This discovery provides a basis for developing biotechnology for environmental remediation, global warming reduction, and biofertilizer production using Bombyx mori silk and its wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyen M Pham
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Sujan Dey
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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Xiao Y, Lu H, Tan W, Tang J, Wang Y, Shi J, Yu T, Yuan Y. Effects of compost-derived humic acid on the bio-dechlorination of pentachlorophenol in high iron content paddy soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112900. [PMID: 34673405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a common residual organic pollutant in paddy soil, and its harmful effects on soil ecosystems have been confirmed. Humic acid (HA) could act as an electron shuttle to promote the reductive dechlorination of PCP under anaerobic conditions. Humic-like substances produced by composting of kitchen waste were able to facilitate the reductive dechlorination of PCP during Fe(III) oxide reduction by iron-reducing bacteria. However, the effects of compost-derived HAs on reductive dechlorination of PCP in a paddy soil system with a high iron content have not been fully confirmed. The characteristics of HAs from different stages of composting during bio-dechlorination of PCP were still unclear. The functional components of compost-derived HAs, which are responsible for reductive dechlorination of PCP in different stages of composting, also need further investigation. In this study, we conducted a series of experiments on the Guangdong paddy soil system with high iron content (17.5 mg kg-1) to investigate the reductive dechlorination of PCP by HA in the early, middle, and later stages of food waste composting. The results showed that the middle- and late-stages of compost-derived HAs all promoted reductive dechlorination of PCP in the paddy system, but it was opposite in the early-stage. Significant differences were also presented in the components of HAs from different stages of composting. The early-stage compost-derived HAs contain numerous easy degradable components, it would inhibit the dechlorination of PCP by the changes of microbial metabolism in paddy soil. Compost-derived HAs in the middle composting stage showed the best reductive dechlorination effects on PCP. The reason might be that the compost-derived HAs in the middle composting stage could act both as electron donors and transfers. The electron transfer capacities (ETC) of middle-stage compost-derived HAs were significantly higher than those in the early and later composting stages. Compared with the natural HAs in the soil system, compost-derived HAs contained more chlorinated products with lower toxicities after the PCP degradation. This result mainly contributed to the detoxification and mineralization of PCP in the soil. These findings clarified the effects of compost-derived HAs on PCP bio-dechlorination in paddy soil with high iron content, identifying the optimal phase of compost-derived HA and providing a theoretical basis for the utilization of kitchen waste composting as a resource of HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- College of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace University, No.37 Daoyi southstreet, Shenbei new district, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Haojie Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Junxiang Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tingqiao Yu
- International Education College, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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7
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Wu B, Liu F, Fang W, Yang T, Chen GH, He Z, Wang S. Microbial sulfur metabolism and environmental implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146085. [PMID: 33714092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur as a macroelement plays an important role in biochemistry in both natural environments and engineering biosystems, which can be further linked to other important element cycles, e.g. carbon, nitrogen and iron. Consequently, the sulfur cycling primarily mediated by sulfur compounds oxidizing microorganisms and sulfur compounds reducing microorganisms has enormous environmental implications, particularly in wastewater treatment and pollution bioremediation. In this review, to connect the knowledge in microbial sulfur metabolism to environmental applications, we first comprehensively review recent advances in understanding microbial sulfur metabolisms at molecular-, cellular- and ecosystem-levels, together with their energetics. We then discuss the environmental implications to fight against soil and water pollution, with four foci: (1) acid mine drainage, (2) water blackening and odorization in urban rivers, (3) SANI® and DS-EBPR processes for sewage treatment, and (4) bioremediation of persistent organic pollutants. In addition, major challenges and further developments toward elucidation of microbial sulfur metabolisms and their environmental applications are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Wenwen Fang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tony Yang
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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8
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Yang K, Zhao Y, Ji M, Li Z, Zhai S, Zhou X, Wang Q, Wang C, Liang B. Challenges and opportunities for the biodegradation of chlorophenols: Aerobic, anaerobic and bioelectrochemical processes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 193:116862. [PMID: 33550168 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) are highly toxic and refractory contaminants which widely exist in various environments and cause serious harm to human and environment health and safety. This review provides comprehensive information on typical CPs biodegradation technologies, the most green and benign ones for CPs removal. The known aerobic and anaerobic degradative bacteria, functional enzymes, and metabolic pathways of CPs as well as several improving methods and critical parameters affecting the overall degradation efficiency are systematically summarized and clarified. The challenges for CPs mineralization are also discussed, mainly including the dechlorination of polychlorophenols (poly-CPs) under aerobic condition and the ring-cleavage of monochlorophenols (MCPs) under anaerobic condition. The coupling of functional materials and degraders as well as the operation of sequential anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors and bioelectrochemical system (BES) are promising strategies to overcome some current limitations. Future perspective and research gaps in this field are also proposed, including the further understanding of microbial information and the specific role of materials in CPs biodegradation, the potential application of innovative biotechnologies and new operating modes to optimize and maximize the function of the system, and the scale-up of bioreactors towards the efficient biodegradation of CPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichao Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Min Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Siyuan Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bin Liang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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9
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Chen M, Tong H, Qiao J, Lv Y, Jiang Q, Gao Y, Liu C. Microbial community response to the toxic effect of pentachlorophenol in paddy soil amended with an electron donor and shuttle. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111328. [PMID: 32950805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by indigenous microorganisms stimulated by an electron donor and shuttle in paddy soil, and the influences of PCP/electron donor/shuttle on the native microbial community are important for biodegradation and ecological and environmental safety. Previous studies focused on the kinetics and the microbial actions of PCP degradation, however, the effects of toxic and antimicrobial PCP and electron donor/shuttle on the microbial community diversity and composition in paddy soil are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of PCP, an electron donor (lactate), and the electron shuttle (anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate, AQDS) on the microbial community in paddy soil were investigated. The results showed that the presence of PCP reduced the microbial diversity compared to the control during PCP degradation, while increased the microbial diversity was observed in response to lactate and AQDS. The addition of PCP stimulated the microorganisms involved in PCP dechlorination, including Clostridium, Desulfitobacterium, Pandoraea, and unclassified Veillonellaceae, which were dormant in raw soil without PCP stress. In all of the treatments with PCP, the addition of lactate or AQDS enhanced PCP dechlorination by stimulating the growth of functional groups involved in PCP dechlorination and by changing the microbial community during dechlorination process. The microbial community tended to be uniform after complete PCP degradation (28 days). However, when lactate and AQDS were present simultaneously in PCP-contaminated soil, lactate acted as a carbon source or electron donor to promote the activities of microbial community, and AQDS changed the redox potential because of the production of reduced AQDS. These findings enhance our understanding of the effect of PCP and a biostimulation method for PCP biodegradation in soil ecosystems at the microbial community level, and suggest the appropriate selection of an electron donor/shuttle for accelerating the bioremediation of PCP-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjia Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Hui Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jiangtao Qiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yahui Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yuanxue Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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10
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Zhong H, Cheng Y, Ahmad Z, Shao Y, Zhang H, Lu Q, Shim H. Solid-phase denitrification for water remediation: processes, limitations, and new aspects. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:1113-1130. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1805720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yalu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihong Lu
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hojae Shim
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China
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11
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Laskar M, Awata T, Kasai T, Katayama A. Anaerobic Dechlorination by a Humin-Dependent Pentachlorophenol-Dechlorinating Consortium under Autotrophic Conditions Induced by Homoacetogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2873. [PMID: 31405258 PMCID: PMC6720667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anoxic aquifers suffer from energy limitations due to the unavailability of organic substrates, as dictated by hydrogen (H2) for various electron-accepting processes. This deficiency often results in the accumulation of persistent organic pollutants, where bioremediation using organic compounds often leads to secondary contamination. This study involves the reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by dechlorinators that do not use H2 directly, but rather through a reduced state of humin-a solid-phase humic substance-as the extracellular electron donor, which requires an organic donor such as formate, lactate, etc. This shortcoming was addressed by the development of an anaerobic mixed culture that was capable of reductively dechlorinating PCP using humin under autotrophic conditions induced by homoacetogenesis. Here, H2 was used for carbon-dioxide fixation to acetate; the acetate produced was used for the reduction of humin; and consequently used for dechlorination through reduced humin. The 16SrRNA gene sequencing analysis showed Dehalobacter and Dehalobacterium as the possible dechlorinators, while Clostridium and Oxobacter were identified as the homoacetogens. Thus, this work contributes to the development of an anaerobic consortium that balanced H2 dependency, where efficiency of humin reduction extends the applicability of anaerobic microbial remediation in aquifers through autotrophy, syntrophy, and reductive dechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Laskar
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takanori Awata
- National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Tsukuba 305-0804, Japan
| | - Takuya Kasai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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12
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Zhu M, Feng X, Qiu G, Feng J, Zhang L, Brookes PC, Xu J, He Y. Synchronous response in methanogenesis and anaerobic degradation of pentachlorophenol in flooded soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 374:258-266. [PMID: 31005708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methanogenesis is commonly mass-produced under anaerobic conditions and serves as a major terminal electron accepting process driving the degradation of organic biomass. In this study, a cofactor of methanogenesis (coenzyme M, CoM) and a classic methanogensis inhibitor (2-bromoethanesulfonate, BES) were added at different concentrations to investigate how methanogenesis would affect PCP degradation in flooded soil. Strikingly, the processes of methanogenesis and PCP degradation were simultaneously promoted with CoM, or inhibited with BES, significantly (p < 0.05). High-throughput sequencing for soil bacterial and archaeal community structures revealed that members of Desulfitobacterium, Dethiobacter, Sedimentibacter, Bacillus and Methanosarcina might act as the core functional groups jointly perform PCP degradation in flooded soil, possibly through assisting microbial mediated dechlorination in direct organohalide-respiration, and/or indirect co-metabolization in complex anaerobic soil conditions. This study implied an underlying synergistic coupling between methanogenesis and dechlorination, and provided insights into a novel consideration with respect to coordinating methanogenesis while promoting anaerobic degradation of PCP for complex polluted soil environment, which is necessary for the improved all-win remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gaoyang Qiu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lujun Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Phillip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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13
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Lopez-Echartea E, Strejcek M, Mateju V, Vosahlova S, Kyclt R, Demnerova K, Uhlik O. Bioremediation of chlorophenol-contaminated sawmill soil using pilot-scale bioreactors under consecutive anaerobic-aerobic conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:670-680. [PMID: 31022668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs), including pentachlorophenol (PCP), are chemicals of concern due to their toxicity and persistence. Here we describe a successful reactor-based remediation of CP-contaminated soil and assess changes in the toxicity patterns and bacterial communities during the remediation. The remediation consisted of separating half of the contaminated soil to be ground (samples M) in order to test whether the grinding expedited the remediation, the other half was left unground (samples P). Both soils were mixed with wastewater treatment sludge to increase their bacterial diversity and facilitate the degradation of CPs, and the resultant mixtures were placed in 2 bioreactors, M and P, operated for 16 months under anaerobic conditions to favor dehalogenation and for an additional 16 months under aerobic conditions to achieve complete mineralization. Samples were taken every 4 months for toxicity and microbial analyses. The results showed a 64% removal of total CPs (ΣCPs) in reactor P after just 18 months of remediation, whereas similar depletion in reactor M occurred after ∼25 months, indicating that the grinding decelerated the remediation. By the end of the experiment, both reactors achieved 93.5-95% removal. The toxicity tests showed a decrease in toxicity as the remediation progressed. The succession of bacterial communities over time was significantly associated with pH, anaerobic/aerobic phase and the concentration of the majority of CP congeners. Our data indicate that the supplementation of contaminated soil with sludge and further incubation in pilot-scale bioreactors under consecutive anaerobic-aerobic conditions proved to be effective at the remediation of CP-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglantina Lopez-Echartea
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Strejcek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Katerina Demnerova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Uhlik
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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14
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Wu JH, Chen WY, Kuo HC, Li YM. Redox fluctuations shape the soil microbiome in the hypoxic bioremediation of octachlorinated dibenzodioxin- and dibenzofuran-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:506-515. [PMID: 30831347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation of polychlorinated-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) has been recently demonstrated in a single reactor under hypoxic conditions. Maintaining hypoxic conditions through periodic aerations results in a marked fluctuation of reduction-oxidation (redox) potential. To further assess the effects of redox fluctuations, we operated two fed-batch continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) with sophisticated redox controls at different anoxic/oxic fluctuations to reduce PCDD/Fs in contaminated soil. The results of long-term reactor operation showed that the CSTR with redox fluctuations at a narrow range (-63 ± 68 mV) (CSTR_A) revealed a higher substrate hydrolysis level and PCDD/F degradation rate than did the CSTR with a redox potential that fluctuated at a broad range (-13 ± 118 mV) (CSTR_B). In accordance with analyses of bacterial 16S rRNA genes, the designated hypoxic conditions with added compost supported survival of bacterial populations at a density of approximately 109 copies/g slurry. The evolved core microbiome was dominated by anoxic/oxic fluctuation-adapted Bacteroidetes, Alphaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, with higher species diversity and functionality, including hydrolysis and degradation of dioxin-like compounds in CSTR_A than in CSTR_B. Taken together, the overall results of this study expand the understanding of redox fluctuations in association with the degradation of recalcitrant substrates in soil and the corresponding microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ming Li
- Mass Laboratory, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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15
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Song J, Zhao Q, Guo J, Yan N, Chen H, Sheng F, Lin Y, An D. The microbial community responsible for dechlorination and benzene ring opening during anaerobic degradation of 2,4,6‑trichlorophenol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1368-1376. [PMID: 30360268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the dechlorination ability of acclimated biomass, the high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of such microorganisms, and the analysis of their community structure in relation to special functions. Two types of acclimated biomass (AB-1 and AB-2) were obtained via different acclimated treatment processes and were used to degrade 2,4,6‑trichlorophenol. The degradation pathway and characteristics of trichlorophenol degradation were different between the two groups. AB-1 degraded trichlorophenol only to 4-chlorophenol. AB-2 completely dechlorinated trichlorophenol and opened the benzene ring. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing method was employed to examine the microbial diversity. It was found that the microbial richness and diversity of AB-1 were higher than those of AB-2. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were 2.7-fold and 4.3-fold more abundant, respectively, in AB-1 than in AB-2. Dechlorination bacteria in AB-1 mainly included Desulfobulbus, Desulfovibrio, Dechloromonas, and Geobacter. The above-mentioned bacteria were less abundant in AB-2, but the abundance of Desulfomicrobium was twofold higher in AB-2 than in AB-1. The two types of acclimated biomass contained different hydrogen (H2)-producing bacteria. AB-2 showed higher abundance and diversity of hydrogen-producing bacteria. There was no Ignavibacteriae in AB-1, whereas its abundance in AB-2 was 8.4%. In this biomass, Ignavibacteriae was responsible for opening of the benzene ring. This study indicates that the abundance and diversity of microorganisms are not necessarily beneficial to the formation of a functional dechlorinating community. The H2-producing bacteria (which showed greater abundance and diversity) and Ignavibacterium were assumed to be core functional populations that gave AB-2 stronger dechlorination and phenol-degradation abilities. Control of lower oxidation reduction potential (Eh) and higher temperatures by means of fresh aerobic activated sludge as the starting microbial group, caused rapid complete dechlorination of 2,4,6‑trichlorophenol and benzene ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiu Song
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Jun Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Ning Yan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Huidong Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Fanfan Sheng
- School of Marxism, Tongji University, 1239 Siping road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yujin Lin
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Dong An
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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16
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Cheng J, Xue L, Zhu M, Feng J, Shen-Tu J, Xu J, Brookes PC, Tang C, He Y. Nitrate supply and sulfate-reducing suppression facilitate the removal of pentachlorophenol in a flooded mangrove soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:792-800. [PMID: 30390452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic incubation was launched with varying nitrate (1, 5, 10 and 20 mM exogenous NaNO3) and molybdate (20 mM Na2MoO4, a sulfate-reducing inhibitor) additions to investigate the characteristics of PCP dechlorination, as well as the reduction of natural co-occurring electron acceptors, including NO3-, Fe(III) and SO42-, and the responses of microbial community structures under a unique reductive mangrove soil. Regardless of exogenous addition, nitrate was rapidly eliminated in the first 12 days. The reduction process of Fe(III) was inhibited, while that of SO42- reduction depended on addition concentration as compared to the control. PCP was mainly degraded from orth-position, forming the only intermediate 2,3,4,5-TeCP by anaerobic microbes, with the highest PCP removal rate of average 21.9% achieved in 1 and 5 mM NaNO3 as well as 20 mM Na2MoO4 treatments and the lowest of 7.5% in 20 mM NaNO3 treatment. The effects of nitrate on PCP dechlorination depended on addition concentration, while molybdate promoted PCP attenuation significantly. Analyses of the Illumina sequencing data and the relative abundance of dominant microorganisms indicated that the core functional groups regulated PCP removal at genera level likely included Bacillus, Pesudomonas, Dethiobacter, Desulfoporosinus and Desulfovbrio in the nitrate treatments; while that was likely Sedimentibacter and Geosporobacter_Thermotalea in the molybdate treatment. Nitrate supplement but not over supplement, or addition of molybdate are suggested as alternative strategies for better remediation in the nitrate-deficient and sulfur-accumulated soil ecosystem contaminated by PCP, through regulating the growth of core functional groups and thereby coordinating the interaction between dechlorination and its coupled soil redox processes due to shifts of more available electrons to dechlorination. Our results broadened the knowledge regarding microbial PCP degradation and their interactions with natural soil redox processes under anaerobic soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lili Xue
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jue Shen-Tu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Caixian Tang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Agricultural Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3086, Australia
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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17
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Pham DM, Katayama A. Humin as an External Electron Mediator for Microbial Pentachlorophenol Dechlorination: Exploration of Redox Active Structures Influenced by Isolation Methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122753. [PMID: 30563164 PMCID: PMC6313380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Humin (HM) has been reported to function as an external electron mediator (EEM) in various microbial reducing reactions. In this study, the effect of isolation methods on EEM functionality and the chemical/electrochemical structures of HM were examined based on the correlation between dechlorination rates in the anaerobic HM-dependent pentachlorophenol (PCP)-dechlorinating consortium and the chemical/electrochemical structures of HM. A lack of PCP dechlorination activity suggested no EEM function in the HM samples prepared as a soluble fraction in dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfuric acid (which did not contain any electric capacitance). Other HM samples exhibited EEM functionality as shown by the dechlorination activity ranging from 0.55 to 3.48 (µmol Cl−) L−1d−1. The comparison of dechlorination activity with chemical structural characteristics suggested that HM with EEM functionalities had predominantly aliphatic and carbohydrate carbons with the partial structures C=O, O=C–N, and O=C–O. EEM functionality positively correlated with the proportion of O=C–N and O=C–O, suggesting an association between peptidoglycan structure and EEM functionality. The lack of detection of a quinone structure in one HM sample with EEM functionality and a negative correlation with aromatic or C=C carbon suggested that the mechanism containing quinone structures is a minor component for the functionality of EEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyen Minh Pham
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Arata Katayama
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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18
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Cao X, Wang H, Zhang S, Nishimura O, Li X. Azo dye degradation pathway and bacterial community structure in biofilm electrode reactors. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:219-225. [PMID: 29870911 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the degradation pathway of the azo dye X-3B was explored in biofilm electrode reactors (BERs). The X-3B and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were evaluated under different voltages, salinities, and temperatures. The removal efficiencies increased with increasing voltage. Additionally, the BER achieved maximum X-3B removal efficiencies of 66.26% and 75.27% at a NaCl concentration of 0.33 g L-1 and temperature of 32 °C, respectively; it achieved a COD removal efficiency of 75.64% at a NaCl concentration of 0.330 g L-1. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the X-3B biodegradation process first involved the interruption of the conjugated double-bond, resulting in aniline, benzodiazepine substance, triazine, and naphthalene ring formation. These compounds were further degraded into lower-molecular-weight products. From this, the degradation pathway of the azo dye X-3B was proposed in BERs. The relative abundances of the microbial community at the phylum and genus levels were affected by temperature, the presence of electrons, and an anaerobic environment in the BERs. To achieve better removal efficiencies, further studies on the functions of the microorganisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Cao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Osamu Nishimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
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19
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Xu Y, Xue L, Ye Q, Franks AE, Zhu M, Feng X, Xu J, He Y. Inhibitory Effects of Sulfate and Nitrate Reduction on Reductive Dechlorination of PCP in a Flooded Paddy Soil. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:567. [PMID: 29643842 PMCID: PMC5882776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is highly toxic and persistent in soils. Bioreduction of PCP often co-occurs with varying concentrations of sulfate and nitrate in flooded paddy soils where each can act as an electron acceptor. Anaerobic soil microcosms were constructed to evaluate the influence of sulfate and nitrate amendments and their redox processes. Microcosms with varying sulfate and nitrate concentrations demonstrated an inhibitory effect on reductive dechlorination of PCP compared to an untreated control. Compared to nitrate, sulfate exhibited a more significant impact on PCP dechlorination, as evidenced by a lower maximum reaction rate and a longer time to reach the maximum reaction rate. Dechlorination of PCP was initiated at the ortho-position, and then at the para- and meta-positions to form 3-CP as the final product in all microcosms. Deep sequencing of microbial communities in the microcosms revealed a strong variation in bacterial taxon among treatments. Specialized microbial groups, such as the genus of Desulfovibrio responding to the addition of sulfate, had a potential to mediate the competitive microbial dechlorination of PCP. Our results provide an insight into the competitive microbial-mediated reductive dechlorination of PCP in natural flooded soil or sediment environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Xue
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Ye
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Min Zhu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Atashgahi S, Häggblom MM, Smidt H. Organohalide respiration in pristine environments: implications for the natural halogen cycle. Environ Microbiol 2017; 20:934-948. [PMID: 29215190 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds, also termed organohalogens, were initially considered to be of almost exclusively anthropogenic origin. However, over 5000 naturally synthesized organohalogens are known today. This has also fuelled the hypothesis that the natural and ancient origin of organohalogens could have primed development of metabolic machineries for their degradation, especially in microorganisms. Among these, a special group of anaerobic microorganisms was discovered that could conserve energy by reducing organohalogens as terminal electron acceptor in a process termed organohalide respiration. Originally discovered in a quest for biodegradation of anthropogenic organohalogens, these organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) were soon found to reside in pristine environments, such as the deep subseafloor and Arctic tundra soil with limited/no connections to anthropogenic activities. As such, accumulating evidence suggests an important role of OHRB in local natural halogen cycles, presumably taking advantage of natural organohalogens. In this minireview, we integrate current knowledge regarding the natural origin and occurrence of industrially important organohalogens and the evolution and spread of OHRB, and describe potential implications for natural halogen and carbon cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Atashgahi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Max M Häggblom
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
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21
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Xu Y, He Y, Tang X, Brookes PC, Xu J. Reconstruction of microbial community structures as evidences for soil redox coupled reductive dechlorination of PCP in a mangrove soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:147-157. [PMID: 28431359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the influence of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the soil microbial communities and the coupled mechanism between PCP reductive dechlorination and soil redox under anaerobic condition. Accordingly, a slurry incubation experiment was carried out in which bacterial and archaeal communities were detected by MiSeq amplicon sequencing. The original microbial community balance was gradually disrupted and new microbial structure was reconstructed subsequently through self-regulation and acclimation during PCP transformation, coupling with the changes of soil biogeochemical redox dynamics. The phylum Bacteroidetes predominated during the earlier PCP dechlorination period and then was progressively replaced by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes groups when PCP was mostly transformed into 2,3,4,5-TeCP and 3,4,5-TCP. Heatmap and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the Clostridium-like, Geobacter-like and Dehalococcoides-like organisms enriched concurrently during PCP reductive dechlorination processes. The relative abundance changes of the redox-active microorganisms, together with their relevance to the corresponding biogeochemical redox processes, showed that PCP dechlorination, Fe(III) and SO42- reduction, as well as methanogenesis were coupled terminal electron accepting processes. The combined analysis of the microbial function, the affinity for substrates (H2 and acetate) and the sensitivity for PCP toxicity by microorganisms might explain why electron transport chain has changed in soil biogeochemical redox process. Our study offers a comprehensive description of the impact of PCP on the soil microbial community structures, which could be very useful for understanding the regulation of soil nutrient and energy transfer during biogeochemical cycling processes in soils with significant inputs of exogenous pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xianjin Tang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
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22
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Xue L, Feng X, Xu Y, Li X, Zhu M, Xu J, He Y. The dechlorination of pentachlorophenol under a sulfate and iron reduction co-occurring anaerobic environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:166-173. [PMID: 28499177 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic soil slurry incubation experiment was conducted by controlling different Fe/S mole ratios (1/3, 1/2, 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 8/1 and the control without sulfate) through the addition of sodium sulfate, to investigate the effect of sulfate and iron reduction on the reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP). Two sequential incubation periods were carried out with the stage I incubation conducted under a low electron donor concentration (0.5 mM lactate) and stage II incubation conducted under increased electron donor supply with lactate at 20 mM. During stage I, the production of Fe(II) occurred markedly while sulfate reduction and PCP dechlorination rate were low, with the highest dechlorination rates of PCP only 11.0% among all treatments at the end of stage I incubation. During stage II, both PCP dechlorination and sulfate reduction were greatly enhanced in all treatments, while the concentration of Fe(II) changed slightly. The rate of PCP dechlorination decreased (from 87.7% to 34.2%) with the increase of sulfate concentration (from Fe/S mole ratio of 8/1 to 1/3). Our study suggested that the presence of a certain amount of sulfate might facilitate PCP dechlorination in the range of Fe/S mole ratios greater than 1 when compared with the control without SO42-. With the investigation of the dechlorination of PCP under the Fe-S-PCP coexisting condition with different Fe/S mole ratios, our study may provide improved strategy for optimizing the remediation of flooded soils and sediments polluted by PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xue
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinfeng Li
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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23
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Tong H, Chen M, Li F, Liu C, Liao C. Changes in the microbial community during repeated anaerobic microbial dechlorination of pentachlorophenol. Biodegradation 2017; 28:219-230. [PMID: 28357551 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-017-9791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been widely used as a pesticide in paddy fields and has imposed negative ecological effect on agricultural soil systems, which are in typically anaerobic conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated additions of PCP to paddy soil on the microbial communities under anoxic conditions. Acetate was added as the carbon source to induce and accelerate cycles of the PCP degradation. A maximum degradation rate occurred at the 11th cycle, which completely transformed 32.3 μM (8.6 mg L-1) PCP in 5 days. Illumina high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was used to profile the diversity and abundance of microbial communities at each interval and the results showed that the phyla of Bacteroidates, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Euryarchaeota had a dominant presence in the PCP-dechlorinating cultures. Methanosarcina, Syntrophobotulus, Anaeromusa, Zoogloea, Treponema, W22 (family of Cloacamonaceae), and unclassified Cloacamonales were found to be the dominant genera during PCP dechlorination with acetate. The microbial community structure became relatively stable as cycles increased. Treponema, W22, and unclassified Cloacamonales were firstly observed to be associated with PCP dechlorination in the present study. Methanosarcina that have been isolated or identified in PCP dechlorination cultures previously was apparently enriched in the PCP dechlorination cultures. Additionally, the iron-cycling bacteria Syntrophobotulus, Anaeromusa, and Zoogloea were enriched in the PCP dechlorination cultures indicated they were likely to play an important role in PCP dechlorination. These findings increase our understanding for the microbial and geochemical interactions inherent in the transformation of organic contaminants from iron rich soil, and further extend our knowledge of the PCP-transforming microbial communities in anaerobic soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China
| | - Manjia Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changzhong Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
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24
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Zhang D, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhou X, Xiao Z, Awata T, Katayama A. Phenol-degrading anode biofilm with high coulombic efficiency in graphite electrodes microbial fuel cell. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:364-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Chen Y, Tao L, Wu K, Wang Y. Shifts in indigenous microbial communities during the anaerobic degradation of pentachlorophenol in upland and paddy soils from southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:23184-23194. [PMID: 27600728 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a common persistent pesticide in soil that has generated a significant environmental problem worldwide. Therefore, anaerobic degradation of PCP by the soil indigenous microbial community has gained increasing attention. However, little information is available concerning the functional microorganisms and the potential shifts in the microbial community associated with PCP degradation. In this study, we conducted a set of experiments to determine which components of the indigenous microbial community were capable of degrading PCP in soils of two land use types (upland and paddy soils) in southern China. Our results showed that the PCP degradation rate was significantly higher in paddy soils than that in upland soils. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) high-throughput sequencing revealed significant differences in microbial taxonomic composition between the soil with PCP and blank (soil without PCP) with Acinetobacter, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Oxobacter, and Sedimentibacter dominating the PCP-affected communities. Acinetobacter was also apparently enriched in the paddy soils with PCP (up to 52.2 %) indicated this genus is likely to play an important role in PCP degradation. Additionally, the Fe(III)-reducing bacteria Clostridium may also be involved in PCP degradation. Our data further revealed hitherto unknown metabolisms of potential PCP degradation by microorganisms including Coprococcus, Oxobacter, and Ruminiclostridium. Overall, these findings indicated that land use types may affect the PCP anaerobic degradation rate via the activities of indigenous bacterial populations and extend our knowledge of the bacterial populations responsible for PCP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Tao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkui Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
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26
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Chen M, Tong H, Liu C, Chen D, Li F, Qiao J. A humic substance analogue AQDS stimulates Geobacter sp. abundance and enhances pentachlorophenol transformation in a paddy soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 160:141-148. [PMID: 27372263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil humic substances can be used as redox mediators in accelerating the biotransformation of organic pollutants, and humus-respiring bacteria are widely distributed in soils. However, the impact of humic substances on the soil microbial community during the biotransformation of organic pollutants is expected to be crucial while remains to be unclear. In this study, the biostimulation of indigenous microbial communities and the consequent effects on anaerobic transformation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by a model humic substance, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), were systematically investigated in a paddy soil. The addition of AQDS was observed to increase the production of HCl-extractable Fe(II) and enhance the PCP transformation rates consequently. The pseudo-first-order rate constants of the PCP transformation showed a positive exponential relationship with the AQDS dosage. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) results indicated the substantial effect of added AQDS on soil microbial community. The enhanced abundance of Geobacter sp. was disclosed to be most critical for accelerated PCP transformation when with AQDS, in which Geobacter sp. functioned for promoting the generation of active Fe(II) and consequently enhancing the PCP transformation rates. The transformation rates of PCP were exponentially correlated with the abundance of Geobacter sp. positively. The findings are expected to improve the understanding of diversity and ubiquity of microorganisms in humic substances-rich soils for accelerating the transformations of soil chlorinated pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjia Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hui Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China.
| | - Dandan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Jiangtao Qiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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27
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Chen M, Liu C, Chen P, Tong H, Li F, Qiao J, Lan Q. Dynamics of the microbial community and Fe(III)-reducing and dechlorinating microorganisms in response to pentachlorophenol transformation in paddy soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 312:97-105. [PMID: 27017395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms play crucial roles in the fates of pollutants, and understanding the behaviour of these microorganisms is critical for the bioremediation of PCP-contaminated soil. However, shifts remain unclear in the community structure and Fe(III)-reducing and dechlorinating microorganisms during PCP transformation processes, especially during the stages from the lag to the dechlorination phase and from the dechlorination to the stationary phase. Here, a set of lab-scale experiments was performed to investigate the microbial community dynamics accompanying PCP transformation in paddy soil. 19μM of PCP was biotransformed completely in 10days for all treatments. T-RFLP analysis of the microbial community confirmed that Veillonellaceae and Clostridium sensu stricto were the dominant groups during PCP transformation, and the structures of the microbial communities changed due to the degree of biotransformation and the addition of lactate and AQDS. However, similar temporal dynamics of the microbial communities were obtained among all treatments. Furthermore, as revealed by quantitative PCR, the dynamics of Fe(III)-reducing and dechlorinating microorganisms, including Geobacter sp., Shewanella sp., and Dehalobacter sp., were consistent with the transformation kinetics of PCP, suggesting the critical roles played by these microorganisms in PCP transformation. These findings are valuable for making predictions of and proposing methods for the microbial detoxification of residual organochlorine pesticides in paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjia Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China.
| | - Pengcheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hui Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Jiangtao Qiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qing Lan
- Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan, Guangdong 528216, China
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28
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Chen WY, Wu JH, Lin SC, Chang JE. Bioremediation of polychlorinated-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans contaminated soil using simulated compost-amended landfill reactors under hypoxic conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 312:159-168. [PMID: 27037469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Compost-amended landfill reactors were developed to reduce polychlorinated-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in contaminated soils. By periodically recirculating leachate and suppling oxygen, the online monitoring of the oxidation reduction potential confirmed that the reactors were maintained under hypoxic conditions, with redox levels constantly fluctuating between -400 and +80mV. The subsequent reactor operation demonstrated that PCDD/F degradation in soil could be facilitated by amending compost originating from the cow manure and waste sludge and that the degradation might be affected by the availability of easily degradable substrates in the soil and compost. The pyrosequencing analysis of V4/V5 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes suggested that species richness of the soil microbial community was increased by a factor of 1.37-1.61. Although the bacterial community varied with the compost origin and changed markedly during reactor operation, it was dominated by Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. The aerotolerant anaerobic Sedimentibacter and Propionibacterium spp., and the uncultured Chloroflexi group could be temporarily induced to a high abundance by amending the cow manure compost; the bacterial growths were associated with the rapid degradation of PCDD/Fs. Overall, the novel bioremediation method for PCDD/F-contaminated soils using hypoxic conditions was effective, simple, energy saving, and thus easily practicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shih-Chiang Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Juu-En Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, ROC
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29
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Zhang C, Zhang D, Xiao Z, Li Z, Suzuki D, Katayama A. Characterization of humins from different natural sources and the effect on microbial reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 131:110-6. [PMID: 25819981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Humins have been reported to function as an electron mediator for microbial reducing reactions. However, the physicochemical properties and the functional moieties of humins from different natural sources have been poorly characterized. In this study, humins extracted from seven types of soil and from a river sediment were examined on the effect on microbial reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and characterized polyphasically. All humins facilitated microbial reductive dechlorination of PCP as electron mediators using formate as carbon source, with different dechlorination rates ranging from 0.99 to 7.63 (μmol Cl-) L(-1) d(-1). The highest rates were observed in humins with high carbon contents, extracted from Andisols containing allophone as major clay. Yields of the humins and the elemental compositions varied among sources. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that all the humins exhibited similar spectra with different absorbance intensity; these data are indicative of their similar structures and identical classes of functional groups. The electron spin resonance spectra of humins prepared at different pH showed typical changes for the semiquinone-type radicals, suggestive of quinone moieties for the redox activity of the humins. Cyclic voltammetry analysis confirmed the presence of redox-active moieties in all the humins, with the estimated redox potentials in the range of -0.30 to -0.13 V (versus a standard hydrogen electrode), falling into the range of standard redox potential between the oxidation of formate as electron donor and the initial dechlorination of PCP as electron acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Zhixing Xiao
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Zhiling Li
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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30
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Varela A, Martins C, Núñez O, Martins I, Houbraken JAMP, Martins TM, Leitão MC, McLellan I, Vetter W, Galceran MT, Samson RA, Hursthouse A, Silva Pereira C. Understanding fungal functional biodiversity during the mitigation of environmentally dispersed pentachlorophenol in cork oak forest soils. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:2922-34. [PMID: 25753337 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is globally dispersed and contamination of soil with this biocide adversely affects its functional biodiversity, particularly of fungi - key colonizers. Their functional role as a community is poorly understood, although a few pathways have been already elucidated in pure cultures. This constitutes here our main challenge - elucidate how fungi influence the pollutant mitigation processes in forest soils. Circumstantial evidence exists that cork oak forests in N. W. Tunisia - economically critical managed forests are likely to be contaminated with PCP, but the scientific evidence has previously been lacking. Our data illustrate significant forest contamination through the detection of undefined active sources of PCP. By solving the taxonomic diversity and the PCP-derived metabolomes of both the cultivable fungi and the fungal community, we demonstrate here that most strains (predominantly penicillia) participate in the pollutant biotic degradation. They form an array of degradation intermediates and by-products, including several hydroquinone, resorcinol and catechol derivatives, either chlorinated or not. The degradation pathway of the fungal community includes uncharacterized derivatives, e.g. tetrachloroguaiacol isomers. Our study highlights fungi key role in the mineralization and short lifetime of PCP in forest soils and provide novel tools to monitor its degradation in other fungi dominated food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélia Varela
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Celso Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Oscar Núñez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Serra Húnter Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jos A M P Houbraken
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167-3508AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago M Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Cristina Leitão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Iain McLellan
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, PA1 2BE, Paisley, UK
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Teresa Galceran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert A Samson
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167-3508AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Hursthouse
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, PA1 2BE, Paisley, UK
| | - Cristina Silva Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Institute of Food Chemistry (170b), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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31
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Zhang D, Zhang C, Xiao Z, Suzuki D, Katayama A. Humin as an electron donor for enhancement of multiple microbial reduction reactions with different redox potentials in a consortium. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 119:188-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Lin J, He Y, Xu J, Chen Z, Brookes PC. Vertical profiles of pentachlorophenol and the microbial community in a paddy soil: influence of electron donors and acceptors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9974-9981. [PMID: 25255465 DOI: 10.1021/jf502746n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vertical variations of pentachlorophenol (PCP) dissipation and microbial community were investigated in a paddy soil with the addition of electron acceptors (NO3(-), SO4(2-)) and donors (crop residues). Crop residues enhanced PCP dissipation by supplying dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as an electron donor, whereas NO3(-) and SO4(2-) inhibited it. The dissipation of PCP in electron donor treatments resulted in the accumulation of 3,4,5-trichlorophenol (3,4,5-TCP) except for wheat residues. The abundance and diversity of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) decreased with increasing soil depth. The succession of predominant PLFAs shifted from aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria when electron acceptors were changed to electron donors. The saturated/monounsaturated fatty acids (S/M) ratio increased with soil depth, which probably implied that nutrient turnover rate declined after the accumulation of 3,4,5-TCP. The results showed that the addition of electron donors and acceptors modified the microbial communities, which then further influenced the degradation pathway of PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajiang Lin
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
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33
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Zhang D, Zhang C, Li Z, Suzuki D, Komatsu DD, Tsunogai U, Katayama A. Electrochemical stimulation of microbial reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol using solid-state redox mediator (humin) immobilization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 164:232-240. [PMID: 24859215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized solid-phase humin on a graphite electrode set at -500 mV (vs. standard hydrogen electrode) significantly enhanced the microbial reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol as a stable solid-phase redox mediator in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). Compared with the suspended system, the immobilized system dechlorinated PCP at a much higher efficiency, achieving 116 μmol Cl(-)g(-1) humin d(-1). Fluorescence microscopy showed a conspicuous growth of bacteria on the negatively poised immobilized humin. Electron balance analyses suggested that the electrons required for microbial dechlorination were supplied primarily from the humin-immobilized electrode. Microbial community analyses based on 16S rRNA genes showed that Dehalobacter and Desulfovibrio grew on the immobilized humin as potential dechlorinators. These findings extend the potential of BESs using immobilized solid-phase humin as the redox mediator for in situ bioremediation, given the wide distribution of humin and its efficiency and stability as a mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Zhiling Li
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke D Komatsu
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Urumu Tsunogai
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Arata Katayama
- Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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34
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Zhang C, Zhang D, Li Z, Akatsuka T, Yang S, Suzuki D, Katayama A. Insoluble Fe-humic acid complex as a solid-phase electron mediator for microbial reductive dechlorination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:6318-25. [PMID: 24758743 DOI: 10.1021/es501056n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report that the insoluble Fe-HA complex, which was synthesized with both commercial Aldrich humic acid (HA) and natural HA, functions as a solid-phase electron mediator (EM) for the anaerobic microbial dechlorination of pentachlorophenol. Spectroscopic characterizations and sequential Fe extraction demonstrated that the Fe-HA complex was predominated with Na4P2O7-labile Fe (represented as the organically bound Fe fraction) and poorly ordered Fe fraction (the fraction left in the residue after the sequential extraction), which were associated with different possible binding processes with carboxylate and phenolic groups. The change in the electron-mediating activity caused by Fe extraction indicated that the electron-mediating function of the Fe-HA complex is attributable to the Na4P2O7-labile Fe fraction. The Fe-HA complex also accelerated the microbial reduction of Fe(III) oxide, which suggested the presence of multiple electron-mediating functions in the complex. The electron shuttle assay showed that the Fe-HA complex had an electron-accepting capacity of 0.82 mequiv g(-1) dry Fe-HA complex. The presence of redox-active moieties in the Fe-HA complex was verified by cyclic voltammetry analysis of the sample after electrical reduction, with a redox potential estimated at 0.02 V (vs a standard hydrogen electrode).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Zhang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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35
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Xu Y, He Y, Feng X, Liang L, Xu J, Brookes PC, Wu J. Enhanced abiotic and biotic contributions to dechlorination of pentachlorophenol during Fe(III) reduction by an iron-reducing bacterium Clostridium beijerinckii Z. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 473-474:215-223. [PMID: 24370696 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel Fe(III) reducing bacterium, Clostridium beijerinckii Z, was isolated from glucose amended paddy slurries, and shown to dechlorinate pentachlorophenol (PCP). Fifty percent of added PCP was removed by C. beijerinckii Z alone, which increased to 83% in the presence of both C. beijerinckii Z and ferrihydrite after 11 days of incubation. Without C. beijerinckii Z, the surface-bound Fe(II) also abiotically dechlorinated more than 40% of the added PCP. This indicated that the biotic dechlorination by C. beijerinckii Z is a dominant process causing PCP transformation through anaerobic dechlorination, and that the dechlorination rates can be accelerated by simultaneous reduction of Fe(III). A biochemical electron transfer coupling process between sorbed Fe(II) produced by C. beijerinckii Z and reductive dehalogenation is a possible mechanism. This finding increases our knowledge of the role of Fe(III) reducing genera of Clostridium in dechlorinating halogenated organic pollutants, such as PCP, in anaerobic paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luyi Liang
- Experiment Teaching Center for Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Philip C Brookes
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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36
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Yu HY, Wang YK, Chen PC, Li FB, Chen MJ, Hu M, Ouyang X. Effect of nitrate addition on reductive transformation of pentachlorophenol in paddy soil in relation to iron(III) reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 132:42-48. [PMID: 24286925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Reductive dechlorination is a crucial pathway for anaerobic biodegradation of highly chlorinated organic contaminants. Under an anoxic environment, reductive dechlorination of organic contaminants can be affected by many redox processes such as nitrate reduction and iron reduction. In the present study, batch incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of nitrate addition on reductive dechlorination of PCP in paddy soil with consideration of iron transformation. Study results demonstrate that low concentrations (0, 0.5 and 1 mM) of nitrate addition can enhance the reductive dechlorination of PCP and Fe(III) reduction, while high concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 30 mM) of nitrate addition caused the contrary. Significant positive correlations between PCP degradation rates and the formation rates of dissolved Fe(II) (pearson correlation coefficients r = 0.965) and HCl-extractable Fe(II) (r = 0.921) suggested that Fe(III) reduction may enhance PCP dechlorination. Furthermore, consistent variation trends of PCP degradation and the abundances of the genus Comamonas, capable of Fe(III) reduction coupled to reductive dechlorination, and of the genus Dehalobacter indicated the occurrence of microbial community variation induced by nitrate addition as a response to PCP dechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Yun Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-kui Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering College, Hubei Polytechic University, Huangshi, Hubei 435003, China
| | - Peng-cheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-bai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Man-jia Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Ouyang
- Beijing Zhongqi Anxin Environmental Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China
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37
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Liu D, Lei L, Yang B, Yu Q, Li Z. Direct electron transfer from electrode to electrochemically active bacteria in a bioelectrochemical dechlorination system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:9-14. [PMID: 24035815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was dechlorinated by electrochemically active bacteria using an electrode as the direct electron donor. Dechlorination efficiency and coulombic efficiency (CE) were investigated. When hydrogen evolution reaction was eliminated by controlling the potential, both dechlorination efficiency and CE increase as the potential decreases, which implied the dechlorination was stimulated by electric current rather than hydrogen gas. Further investigation of the cyclic voltammetry characterization of the medium revealed nearly no redox mediator secreted by the bacteria. Moreover, the comparison of dechlorination experiments carried out with filtered and unfiltered medium provided convincible evidence that the dominating electron transfer mechanism for the dechlorination is direct electron transfer. Additionally, 454 pyrosequencing technique was employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the biocathodic microbial community. The results showed Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the three predominant groups. This paper demonstrated the direct electron transfer mechanism could be involved in PCP dechlorination with a biocathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yuquan Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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38
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Involvement of Dehalobacter strains in the anaerobic dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:602-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Dallinger A, Horn MA. Agricultural soil and drilosphere as reservoirs of new and unusual assimilators of 2,4-dichlorophenol carbon. Environ Microbiol 2013; 16:84-100. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Dallinger
- Department of Ecological Microbiology; University of Bayreuth; Dr.-Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
| | - Marcus A. Horn
- Department of Ecological Microbiology; University of Bayreuth; Dr.-Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3 Bayreuth 95440 Germany
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40
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Wang X, Xing L, Qiu T, Han M. Simultaneous removal of nitrate and pentachlorophenol from simulated groundwater using a biodenitrification reactor packed with corncob. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:2236-2243. [PMID: 22821281 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Both nitrate and pentachlorophenol (PCP) are familiar pollutants in aqueous environment. This research is focused on the simultaneous removal of nitrate and PCP from simulated contaminated groundwater using a laboratory-scale denitrification reactor packed with corncob as both carbon source and biofilm support. The reactor could be started up readily, and the removal efficiencies of nitrate and PCP reached up to approximately 98% and 40-45% when their initial concentrations were 50 mg N/L and 5 mg/L, respectively, after 15-day continuous operation at 10 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 25 °C. Approximately 91% of PCP removal efficiency was achieved, with 2.47 mg/L of chloride ion release at 24 h of HRT. Eighty-two percent of chlorine in PCP removed was ionized. The productions of 3-chlorophenol and phenol and chloride ion release indicate that the reductive dechlorination reaction is a major degradation pathway of PCP under the experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Wang
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Banjing, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China.
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41
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Li Z, Inoue Y, Suzuki D, Ye L, Katayama A. Long-term anaerobic mineralization of pentachlorophenol in a continuous-flow system using only lactate as an external nutrient. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:1534-41. [PMID: 23252798 DOI: 10.1021/es303784f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple anaerobic upflow column system (15 cm long, 5 cm inner diameter) for complete pentachlorophenol (PCP) mineralization has been established using a microbial consortium requiring only lactate as the external nutrient. With lactate as an electron donor, PCP was dechlorinated to 3-chlorophenol (3-CP) and phenol. The degradation of 3-CP and phenol proceeded without an external electron acceptor, indicating fermentative or syntrophic characteristics. A tracer experiment using (14)C-U-ring-labeled PCP confirmed the conversion of PCP into CO(2) (54.1%), CH(4) (48.1%), and biomass (0.6%). The nitrogen required for degradation was supplied by N(2)-fixation, evidenced from the nitrogen balance and an acetylene reduction assay. A 16S rRNA gene library analysis showed that bottom of the upflow column harbored the potential dechlorinators, Dehalobacter and Desulfitobacterium, and the phenol/3-CP fermentative or syntrophic degraders, Cryptanaerobacter and Syntrophus. The nitrogen-fixing facultative anaerobes, Rhizobiales, were detected in the top of the upflow column, with other possible nitrogen-fixers at both bottom and top of the upflow column. The mineralization rate reached 1.96 μmoles L(-1) d(-1) for 50 μM of the initial PCP concentration: one of the highest efficiencies reported. This compact anaerobic mineralization system requiring no external supply of an electron acceptor would be useful for the remediation of chlorinated aromatic compounds under anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Li
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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42
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Yoshida N, Ye L, Liu F, Li Z, Katayama A. Evaluation of biodegradable plastics as solid hydrogen donors for the reductive dechlorination of fthalide by Dehalobacter species. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 130:478-485. [PMID: 23313696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics (BPs) were evaluated for their applicability as sustainable and solid H(2) donors for microbial reductive dechlorination of 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide (fthalide). After a screening test of several BPs, the starch-based plastic (SP) that produced the highest levels of H(2) was selected for its use as the sole H(2) donor in this reaction. Fthalide dechlorination was successfully accomplished by combining an H(2)-producing SP culture and a KFL culture containing Dehalobacter species, supplemented with 0.13% and 0.5% SP, respectively. The efficiency of H(2) use in dechlorination was evaluated in a combined culture containing the KFL culture and strain Clostridium sp. Ma13, a new isolate that produces H(2) from SP. Results obtained with this culture indicated increased H(2)-fraction for fthalide dechlorination much more in this culture than in compared with a KFL culture supplemented with 20mM lactate, which are 0.75 H(2)·glucose(-1) and 0.015 H(2)·lactate(-1) in mol ratio, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Yoshida
- Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute (EIIRIS), Toyohashi University of Technology, Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
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43
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Zhang C, Suzuki D, Li Z, Ye L, Katayama A. Polyphasic characterization of two microbial consortia with wide dechlorination spectra for chlorophenols. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 114:512-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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44
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Zhang C, Katayama A. Humin as an electron mediator for microbial reductive dehalogenation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:6575-83. [PMID: 22582856 DOI: 10.1021/es3002025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report that humins extracted as the solid fractions from paddy soils or sediment are involved in extracellular electron transfer, coupled with microbial reductive dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol (PCP), by serving as both electron acceptor and electron donor. In our system, humin is requisite for the dechlorination of PCP, and this activity cannot be maintained when humin is replaced with soluble humic substances or related compounds, including 0.1 M NaOH-extracted humic acid from soil, Aldrich humic acid, and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. The function of humins is stable against treatments with H(2)O(2) (30%, 30 min), HCl (0.1 M, 48 h), NH(2)OH · HCl (0.1 M, 48 h), NaBH(4) (0.1 M, 15 h), and heat (121 °C, 30 min). Cyclic voltammograms indicated that humin harbors redox-active moieties, and electron spin resonance suggested that quinone moieties within humin are the redox-active centers. Fourier-transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses verified the presence of the aryl carbonyl carbon group in humin. Although the proportion of redox-active carbon is very small, the potential electron-mediating ability is not negligible. The finding that humin, in solid form, is redox active has important implications for in situ bioremediation, given the wide distribution of humin and the diversity and ubiquity of humic substance-utilizing microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Zhang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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45
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Li Z, Inoue Y, Yang S, Yoshida N, Katayama A. Mass balance and kinetic analysis of anaerobic microbial dechlorination of pentachlorophenol in a continuous flow column. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 110:326-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Itoh K, Mihara Y, Tanimoto N, Shimada T, Suyama K. Reductive dechlorination of chlorophenols in estuarine sediments of Lake Shinji and Lake Nakaumi. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2010; 45:399-407. [PMID: 20512730 DOI: 10.1080/03601231003800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Dechlorination of all mono- and dichlorophenol isomers in anaerobic sediment samples of estuarine Lake Shinji and Lake Nakaumi was examined to characterize the chlorophenol-dechlorinating microbial communities in the environments with different salinity levels. Dechlorination was observed only in 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 3-chlorophenol (3-CP) and 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP), and in 2-CP and 2,6-DCP in the Lake Shinji and Nakaumi sediment, respectively. In the sediment of Lake Shinji, the highest activity was observed without adding sodium chloride and sulfate, whereas in the Lake Nakaumi sediment, the highest activity was at 0.7 % of sodium chloride and 6.0 mM of sodium sulfate. The chlorophenols were degraded to benzoate via phenol in both sediments under methanogenic conditions. Benzoate then disappeared from the cultures. All microbial consortia enriched with each monochlorophenol dechlorinated 2-CP, but showed different substrate specificities for dichlorophenols as follows: 2-CP-enriched consortium dechlorinated 2,3-dichlorophenol and 2,6-DCP, 3-CP-enriched consortium dechlorinated all dichlorophenol isomers, and 4-chlorophenol-enriched consortium dechlorinated 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,6-DCP. Maintenance of the population by halorespiration was suggested in the dechlorination of 2-CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Itoh
- Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan.
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47
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Li Z, Yang S, Inoue Y, Yoshida N, Katayama A. Complete anaerobic mineralization of pentachlorophenol (PCP) under continuous flow conditions by sequential combination of PCP-dechlorinating and phenol-degrading consortia. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 107:775-85. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Liu CY, Jiang X, Yang XL, Song Y. Hexachlorobenzene dechlorination as affected by organic fertilizer and urea applications in two rice planted paddy soils in a pot experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2010; 408:958-964. [PMID: 19889446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Reductive dechlorination is a crucial pathway for HCB degradation, the applications of organic materials and nitrogen can alter microbial activity and redox potential of soils, thus probably influence HCB dechlorination. To evaluate hexachlorobenzene (HCB) dechlorination as affected by organic fertilizer (OF) and urea applications in planted paddy soils, a pot experiment was conducted in two types of soils, Hydragric Acrisols (Ac) and Gleyi-Stagnic Anthrosols (An). After 18 weeks of experiment, HCB residues decreased by 28.2-37.5% of the initial amounts in Ac, and 42.1-70.9% in An. The amounts of HCB metabolites showed that dechlorination rates in An were higher than in Ac, which was mainly attributed to the higher pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content of An. Both in Ac and An, the additions of 1% and 2% OF had negative effect on HCB dechlorination, which was probably because excessive nitrogen in OF decreased degraders' activity and the degradation of organic carbon in OF accepted electrons. The application of 0.03% urea could enhance HCB dechlorination rates slightly, while 0.06% urea accelerated HCB dechlorination significantly both in Ac and An. It could be assumed that urea served as an electron donor and stimulated degraders to dechlorinate HCB. In addition, the methanogenic bacteria were involved in dechlorination process, and reductive dechlorination in planted paddy soil might be impeded for the aerenchyma and O(2) supply into the rhizosphere. Results indicated that soil types, rice root system, methanogenic bacteria, OF and urea applications all had great effects on dechlorination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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Reductive debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers by anaerobic bacteria from soils and sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 76:794-802. [PMID: 20008168 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01872-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have attracted attention recently due to their proven adverse effects on animals and their increasing concentrations in various environmental media and biota. To gain insight into the fate of PBDEs, microcosms established with soils and sediments from 28 locations were investigated to determine their debromination potential with an octa-brominated diphenyl ether (octa-BDE) mixture consisting of hexa- to nona-BDEs. Debromination occurred in microcosms containing samples from 20 of the 28 locations when they were spiked with octa-BDE dissolved in the solvent trichloroethene (TCE), which is a potential cosubstrate for stimulating PBDE debromination, and in microcosms containing samples from 11 of the 28 locations when they were spiked with octa-BDE dissolved in nonane. Debromination products ranging from hexa- to mono-BDEs were generated within 2 months. Notably, the toxic tetra-BDEs accounted for 50% of the total product. In sediment-free culture C-N-7* amended with the octa-BDE mixture and nonane (containing 45 nM nona-BDE, 181 nM octa-BDEs, 294 nM hepta-BDE, and 19 nM hexa-BDE) there was extensive debromination of the parent compounds, which produced hexa-BDE (56 nM), penta-BDEs (124 nM), and tetra-BDEs (150 nM) within 42 days, possibly by a metabolic process. A 16S rRNA gene-based analysis revealed that Dehalococcoides species were present in 11 of 14 active microcosms. However, unknown debrominating species in some of the microcosms debrominated the octa-BDE mixture in the absence of other added halogenated electron acceptors (such as TCE). These findings provide information that is useful for assessing microbial reductive debromination of higher brominated PBDEs to less-brominated congeners, a possible source of the more toxic congeners (e.g., penta- and tetra-BDEs) detected in the environment.
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A novel Dehalobacter species is involved in extensive 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide dechlorination. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:2400-5. [PMID: 19218402 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02112-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was the enrichment and phylogenetic identification of bacteria that dechlorinate 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide (commercially designated "fthalide"), an effective fungicide for rice blast disease. Sequential transfer culture of a paddy soil with lactate and fthalide produced a soil-free enrichment culture (designated the "KFL culture") that dechlorinated fthalide by using hydrogen, which is produced from lactate. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA genes revealed the dominance of two novel phylotypes of the genus Dehalobacter (FTH1 and FTH2) in the KFL culture. FTH1 and FTH2 disappeared during culture transfer in medium without fthalide and increased in abundance with the dechlorination of fthalide, indicating their growth dependence on the dechlorination of fthalide. Dehalobacter restrictus TEA is their closest relative, with 97.5% and 97.3% 16S rRNA gene similarities to FTH1 and FTH2, respectively.
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