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Agarwal M, Roth K, Yang Z, Sharma R, Maddipati K, Westrick J, Petriello MC. Loss of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 modulates dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl 126-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118492. [PMID: 38373550 PMCID: PMC11102846 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Dioxin-like pollutants (DLPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB 126), are synthetic chemicals classified as persistent organic pollutants. They accumulate in adipose tissue and have been linked to cardiometabolic disorders, including fatty liver disease. The toxicity of these compounds is associated with activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), leading to the induction of phase I metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P4501a1 (Cyp1a1) and the subsequent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent research has shown that DLPs can also induce the xenobiotic detoxification enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), which plays a role in metabolic homeostasis. We hypothesized whether genetic deletion of Fmo3 could protect mice, particularly in the liver, where Fmo3 is most inducible, against PCB 126 toxicity. To test this hypothesis, male C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice and Fmo3 knockout (Fmo3 KO) mice were exposed to PCB 126 or vehicle (safflower oil) during a 12-week study, at weeks 2 and 4. Various analyses were performed, including hepatic histology, RNA-sequencing, and quantitation of PCB 126 and F2-isoprostane concentrations. The results showed that PCB 126 exposure caused macro and microvesicular fat deposition in WT mice, but this macrovesicular fatty change was absent in Fmo3 KO mice. Moreover, at the pathway level, the hepatic oxidative stress response was significantly different between the two genotypes, with the induction of specific genes observed only in WT mice. Notably, the most abundant F2-isoprostane, 8-iso-15-keto PGE2, increased in WT mice in response to PCB 126 exposure. The study's findings also demonstrated that hepatic tissue concentrations of PCB 126 were higher in WT mice compared to Fmo3 KO mice. In summary, the absence of FMO3 in mice led to a distinctive response to dioxin-like pollutant exposure in the liver, likely due to alterations in lipid metabolism and storage, underscoring the complex interplay of genetic factors in the response to environmental toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Katherine Roth
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Zhao Yang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Krishnarao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomic Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Judy Westrick
- Department of Chemistry, Lumigen Instrumentation Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael C Petriello
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Xiao X, Liu A, Wang S, Preston RJS, Zaytseva YY, He G, Xiao W, Hennig B, Deng P. Inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases induced by persistent organic pollutants and nutritional interventions: Effects of multi-organ interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122756. [PMID: 37844865 PMCID: PMC10842216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The development and outcome of inflammatory diseases are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, which include chemical and nonchemical stressors. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are major groups of chemical stressors. For example, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are closely associated with the incidence of inflammatory diseases. The pathology of environmental chemical-mediated inflammatory diseases is complex and may involve disturbances in multiple organs, including the gut, liver, brain, vascular tissues, and immune systems. Recent studies suggested that diet-derived nutrients (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers) could modulate environmental insults and affect disease development, progression, and outcome. In this article, mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases are reviewed, focusing on multi-organ interplays and highlighting recent advances in nutritional strategies to improve the outcome of cardiometabolic diseases associated with environmental exposures. In addition, advanced system biology approaches are discussed, which present unique opportunities to unveil the complex interactions among multiple organs and to fuel the development of precision intervention strategies in exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aowen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Roger J S Preston
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guangzhao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Pan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Long M, Wielsøe M, Bech BH, Henriksen TB, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Maternal serum dioxin-like activity and gestational age at birth and indices of foetal growth: The Aarhus birth cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165286. [PMID: 37422229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to lipophilic persistent organic pollutants (lipPOP) is ubiquitous and life-long, beginning during foetal development. Exposure to lipPOP elicits a number of species and tissue specific responses including dioxin-like activity which involve the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). This study aims i) to describe the combined dioxin-like activity in serum from Danish pregnant women collected during 2011-2013; ii) to assess the association between maternal serum dioxin-like activity, gestational age at birth and foetal growth indices. The serum lipPOP fraction was extracted using Solid Phase Extraction and cleaned-up on Supelco multi-layer silica and florisil columns. The combined dioxin-like activity of the extract was determined using the AhR reporter gene bioassay, expressed as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxic equivalent (TEQ) [AhR-TEQ (pg/g lipid)]. The associations of AhR-TEQ and foetal growth indices (birth weight, birth length and head circumference) and gestational age were assessed by linear regression models. We detected AhR-TEQ in 93.9 % of maternal first trimester serum samples, with a median level of 185 pg/g lipid. Each ln-unit increase in AhR-TEQ was associated with an increase in birth weight of 36 g (95 % CI: 5; 68), birth length of 0.2 cm (95 % CI: 0.01; 0.3) and pregnancy duration of 1 day (95 % CI: 0; 1.5). In women who never smoked, higher AhR-TEQ values were associated with higher birth weight and longer duration of gestation, while in smokers the association was the opposite. Mediation analyses suggested that gestational age may mediate the association of AhR-TEQ with foetal growth indices. We conclude that AhR activating substances are present in the bloodstream of almost all pregnant women in Denmark and the AhR-TEQ level was around four times higher than previously reported. The AhR-TEQ was associated with slightly longer gestational duration and thereby higher birth weight and birth length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhai Long
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Maria Wielsøe
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Bodil Hammer Bech
- Research unit for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Tine Brink Henriksen
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark; Greenland Center for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.
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Li P, Xu Y, Li Z, Cheng X, Jia C, Zhang S, An J, Zhang X, Yan Y, He M. Association between polychlorinated biphenyls exposure and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nested case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115743. [PMID: 37001846 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiological studies indicated that the association between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was inconclusive. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between PCBs exposure and incident T2DM in a nested case-control study, and further explored the relationship between PCBs and 5-year fasting blood glucose (FBG) changes. METHODS Baseline concentrations of seven indicator-PCB (PCB-28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) were measured in 1006 pairs of incident T2DM cases and matched controls nested within the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. Conditional logistic regression models and pre-adjusted residuals method were used to assess the associations between PCBs and incident T2DM. We further computed beta coefficients (βs) of 5-year FBG changes using multivariable generalized linear regression. RESULTS Non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) were significantly associated with higher T2DM incidence after adjustment for all covariates. Significant differences were observed for extreme quartiles comparisons (Q4 vs. Q1) of PCBs except PCB-138, and the incidence of T2DM were 1- to 3-fold higher among those in the highest versus lowest PCBs quartiles. Serum NDL-PCBs were positively associated with changes in FBG (P for overall association ≤0.01). Additionally, triglycerides mediated the associations between PCBs and T2DM incidence. CONCLUSION Our findings showed positive associations of NDL-PCBs with incident T2DM and 5-year FBG changes. PCBs increased incident T2DM via lipid metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chengyong Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jun An
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Pavuk M, Rosenbaum PF, Lewin MD, Serio TC, Rago P, Cave MC, Birnbaum LS. Polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, pesticides, and diabetes in the Anniston Community Health Survey follow-up (ACHS II): single exposure and mixture analysis approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162920. [PMID: 36934946 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds measurements were added to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides to expand the exposure profile in a follow-up to the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS II, 2014) and to study diabetes associations. Participants of ACHS I (2005-2007) still living within the study area were eligible to participate in ACHS II. Diabetes status (type-2) was determined by a doctor's diagnosis, fasting glucose ≥125 mg/dL, or being on any glycemic control medication. Incident diabetes cases were identified in ACHS II among those who did not have diabetes in ACHS I, using the same criteria. Thirty-five ortho-substituted PCBs, 6 pesticides, 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), 10 furans (PCDF), and 3 non-ortho PCBs were measured in 338 ACHS II participants. Dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) were calculated for all dioxin-like compounds. Main analyses used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). In models adjusted for age, race, sex, BMI, total lipids, family history of diabetes, and taking lipid lowering medication, the highest ORs for diabetes were observed for PCDD TEQ: 3.61 (95 % CI: 1.04, 12.46), dichloro-diphenyl dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE): 2.07 (95 % CI 1.08, 3.97), and trans-Nonachlor: 2.55 (95 % CI 0.93, 7.02). The OR for sum 35 PCBs was 1.22 (95 % CI: 0.58-2.57). To complement the main analyses, we used BKMR and g-computation models to evaluate 12 mixture components including 4 TEQs, 2 PCB subsets and 6 pesticides; suggestive positive associations for the joint effect of the mixture analyses resulted in ORs of 1.40 (95% CI: -1.13, 3.93) for BKMR and 1.32 (95% CI: -1.12, 3.76) for g-computation. The mixture analyses provide further support to previously observed associations of trans-Nonachlor, p,p'- DDE, PCDD TEQ and some PCB groups with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - P F Rosenbaum
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America.
| | - M D Lewin
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - T C Serio
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, United States of America; ATSDR/CDC, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - P Rago
- ATSDR/CDC, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - M C Cave
- University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - L S Birnbaum
- NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
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6
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Petri BJ, Piell KM, Wahlang B, Head KZ, Andreeva K, Rouchka EC, Pan J, Rai SN, Cave MC, Klinge CM. Multiomics analysis of the impact of polychlorinated biphenyls on environmental liver disease in a mouse model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103928. [PMID: 35803474 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to high fat diet (HFD) and persistent organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is associated with liver injury in human populations and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) in animal models. Previously, exposure of HFD-fed male mice to the non-dioxin-like (NDL) PCB mixture Aroclor1260, dioxin-like (DL) PCB126, or Aroclor1260 + PCB126 co-exposure caused toxicant-associated steatohepatitis (TASH) and differentially altered the liver proteome. Here unbiased mRNA and miRNA sequencing (mRNA- and miRNA- seq) was used to identify biological pathways altered in these liver samples. Fewer transcripts and miRs were up- or down- regulated by PCB126 or Aroclor1260 compared to the combination, suggesting that crosstalk between the receptors activated by these PCBs amplifies changes in the transcriptome. Pathway enrichment analysis identified "positive regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling" and "role of miRNAs in cell migration, survival, and angiogenesis" for differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs, respectively. We evaluated the five miRNAs increased in human plasma with PCB exposure and suspected TASH and found that miR-192-5p was increased with PCB exposure in mouse liver. Although we observed little overlap between differentially expressed mRNA transcripts and proteins, biological pathway-relevant PCB-induced miRNA-mRNA and miRNA-protein inverse relationships were identified that may explain protein changes. These results provide novel insights into miRNA and mRNA transcriptome changes playing direct and indirect roles in the functional protein pathways in PCB-related hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in a mouse model of TASH and its relevance to human liver disease in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kimberly Z Head
- University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA
| | | | - Eric C Rouchka
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; KY INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, USA
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Brown Cancer Center, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Brown Cancer Center, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA.
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Cave MC, Pinkston CM, Rai SN, Wahlang B, Pavuk M, Head KZ, Carswell GK, Nelson GM, Klinge CM, Bell DA, Birnbaum LS, Chorley BN. Circulating MicroRNAs, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Environmental Liver Disease in the Anniston Community Health Survey. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:17003. [PMID: 34989596 PMCID: PMC8734566 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures have been associated with liver injury in human cohorts, and steatohepatitis with liver necrosis in model systems. MicroRNAs (miRs) maintain cellular homeostasis and may regulate the response to environmental stress. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that specific miRs are associated with liver disease and PCB exposures in a residential cohort. METHODS Sixty-eight targeted hepatotoxicity miRs were measured in archived serum from 734 PCB-exposed participants in the cross-sectional Anniston Community Health Survey. Necrotic and other liver disease categories were defined by serum keratin 18 (K18) biomarkers. Associations were determined between exposure biomarkers (35 ortho-substituted PCB congeners) and disease biomarkers (highly expressed miRs or previously measured cytokines), and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed. RESULTS The necrotic liver disease category was associated with four up-regulated miRs (miR-99a-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-320a) and five down-regulated miRs (let-7d-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-197-3p, and miR-221-3p). Twenty-two miRs were associated with the other liver disease category or with K18 measurements. Eleven miRs were associated with 24 PCBs, most commonly congeners with anti-estrogenic activities. Most of the exposure-associated miRs were associated with at least one serum hepatocyte death, pro-inflammatory cytokine or insulin resistance bioarker, or with both. Within each biomarker category, associations were strongest for the liver-specific miR-122-5p. Pathways of liver toxicity that were identified included inflammation/hepatitis, hyperplasia/hyperproliferation, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumor protein p53 and tumor necrosis factor α were well integrated within the top identified networks. DISCUSSION These results support the human hepatotoxicity of environmental PCB exposures while elucidating potential modes of PCB action. The MiR-derived liquid liver biopsy represents a promising new technique for environmental hepatology cohort studies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Liver Transplant Program at UofL Health–Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christina M. Pinkston
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shesh N. Rai
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly Z. Head
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Gleta K. Carswell
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gail M. Nelson
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Douglas A. Bell
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Linda S. Birnbaum
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian N. Chorley
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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8
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Petriello MC, Mottaleb MA, Serio TC, Balyan B, Cave MC, Pavuk M, Birnbaum LS, Morris AJ. Serum concentrations of legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Anniston Community Health Surveys (ACHS I and ACHS II). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106907. [PMID: 34763231 PMCID: PMC9131314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residents of Anniston Alabama were highly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) due to longstanding manufacturing in the area. The Anniston Community Health Surveys (ACHS I-2005-2007 and II, 2014) have linked these exposures with a variety of deletereous health outcomes. In addition to PCBs, these individuals were likely simultaneously exposed to other persistent organic pollutants including per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are an emerging class of ubiquitous industrial chemicals that are measurable in the blood of most individuals and have themselves been linked increased risk of some non communicable diseases. METHODS To characterize PFAS exposures in ACHS I and ACHS II, we measured eight environmentally significant PFAS in serum by UPLC coupled electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Perfluorononanoate (PFNA), Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), and 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4.2 FTS) were extracted from matched serum samples of individuals who participated in the original ACHS I (2005-2007; n = 297) and the follow up ACHS II (2014; n = 336). Data were collected in negative multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with monitoring of quantitation and qualifier ions for all target PFAS analytes, surrogates and internal standards. VARCLUS procedure was used to create hierarchical clusters between PFAS and other legacy persistent organic pollutants which may share similar exposure routes. RESULTS Overall, circulating PFAS levels decreased approximately 50% from ACHS I (2005-2007) to ACHS II (2014), but these changes varied by compound. Mean levels of PFOS were >3 times higher in ACHS I subjects than in conpemporaneous NHANES subjects (2005-2006; ACHS I mean: 71.1 ng/ml; NHANES mean: 20.2 ng/mL), and this relationship persisted in ACHS II subjects (2014: ACHS II mean: 34.7 ng/ml; NHANES mean: 5.92 ng/mL). PFNA was also higher in both ACHS I and ACHS II subjects in comparision to NHANES whereas levels of PFOA and PFHxS were lower than in NHANES. Finally, cluster analysis revealed that in ACHS II, most PFAS tracked with polybrominated diphenyl ethers, except PFNA and PFHpA which clustered with industrial PCBs. In ACHS I, PFAS analytes correlated more closely with industrial PCBs and chlorinated pesticides. CONCLUSIONS Participants in the Anniston Community Health Surveys have higher levels of PFOS and PFNA than the general population with average PFOS levels >3 times contemporaneous NHANES levels. Since PFAS were not known to be manufactured in the area, more work needs to be completed to determine if population demographics, proximity to a military base, or regional manufacturing can explain the elevated levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Petriello
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - M Abdul Mottaleb
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marian Pavuk
- CDC Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Morris
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Schildroth S, Wise LA, Wesselink AK, De La Cruz P, Bethea TN, Weuve J, Fruh V, Botelho JC, Sjodin A, Calafat AM, Baird DD, Henn BC. Correlates of Persistent Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Mixtures among Reproductive-Aged Black Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:14000-14014. [PMID: 34591461 PMCID: PMC9215200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Black women are exposed to multiple endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), but few studies have examined their profiles of exposure to EDC mixtures. We identified biomarker profiles and correlates of exposure to EDC mixtures in a cross-sectional analysis of data from a prospective cohort study of 749 Black women aged 23-35 years. We quantified plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in nonfasting samples collected at baseline. Demographic, behavioral, dietary, and reproductive covariates were also collected at baseline. We used k-means clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) to describe concentration profiles of EDC mixtures (17 PCBs, 6 PBDEs, 4 OCPs, 6 PFAS), followed by multinomial logistic and multivariable linear regression to estimate mean differences in PCA scores (β) and odds ratios (ORs) of cluster membership with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Older age (per 1 year increase: β = 0.47, CI = 0.39, 0.54; OR = 1.27, CI = 1.20, 1.35), lower body mass index (per 1 kg/m2 increase: β = -0.14, CI = -0.17, -0.12; OR = 0.91, CI = 0.89, 0.94), and current smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day vs never smokers: β = 1.37, CI = 0.20, 2.55; OR = 2.63, CI = 1.07, 6.50) were associated with profiles characterized by higher concentrations of all EDCs. Other behaviors and traits, including dietary factors and years since last birth, were also associated with EDC mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Corresponding Author: Samantha Schildroth.
| | - Lauren A. Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Amelia K. Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Payton De La Cruz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Traci N. Bethea
- Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Julianne C. Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Donna D. Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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10
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A Congener-specific and Mixture Analysis of Plasma Polychlorinated Biphenyl Levels and Incident Breast Cancer. Epidemiology 2021; 32:499-507. [PMID: 33788793 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a diverse class of chemicals, are hypothesized mammary carcinogens. We examined plasma levels of 17 PCBs as individual congeners and as a mixture in association with breast cancer using a novel approach based on quantile g-computation. METHODS This study included 845 White and 562 Black women who participated in the population-based, case-control Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase I. Cases (n = 748) were women with a first diagnosis of histologically confirmed, invasive breast cancer residing in 24 counties in central and eastern North Carolina; controls (n = 659) were women without breast cancer from the same counties. PCBs were measured in plasma samples obtained during the study interview. We estimated associations [covariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] between individual PCB congeners and breast cancer using multivariable logistic regression. We assessed PCB mixtures using quantile g-computation and examined effect measure modification by race. RESULTS Comparing highest and lowest tertiles of PCBs resulted in ORs of 1.3 (95% CI = 0.95, 1.8) for congener 74, 1.4 (95% CI = 1.0, 1.9) for 99, 1.3 (95% CI = 0.91, 1.8) for 194, and 1.2 (95% CI = 0.90, 1.7) for 201. Among all women, we estimated a joint effect of the PCB mixture with an OR of 1.3 (95% CI = 0.98, 1.6) per tertile change. In race-stratified analyses, associations for tertiles of PCB mixtures were stronger among Black women (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.0, 2.3) than among White women (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.81, 1.6). CONCLUSION Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to PCB mixtures increase the risk of breast cancer, but studies of populations with different exposure profiles are needed.
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11
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Iamiceli AL, Abate V, Abballe A, Bena A, De Filippis SP, Dellatte E, De Luca S, Fulgenzi AR, Iacovella N, Ingelido AM, Ivaldi C, Marra V, Miniero R, Valentini S, Farina E, Gandini M, Orengia M, Procopio E, Salamina G, De Felip E. Biomonitoring of the adult population living near the waste incinerator of Turin: Serum concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs after three years from the plant start-up. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129882. [PMID: 33588142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In September 2013 a waste-to-energy (WTE) incinerator located in the Turin area (Piedmont, Northern Italy) started to produce energy by the incineration of municipal solid wastes. The plant, one of the largest WTE incinerator in Europe, burns up to 490,000 tons of waste per year. A health surveillance program was implemented in order to evaluate the potential health effects on the population living near the plant. This program included a biomonitoring study aimed at assessing levels of several environmental contaminants including, among others, PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs. Before the WTE incinerator start-up (T0), a group of 85 subjects (41 "exposed" and 44 "not exposed" subjects) was randomly selected for enrollment by the local health units among individuals aged 36-50 years who had been living in the same area for at least five years prior to the study. Subjects were balanced by exposure area, sex and five-year age classes. As from the study design, the same cohort was re-evaluated after three years of incinerator activity (T2). A parallel study was conducted on a group of 12 farmers living and/or working in farms located in an area in the range of 5 km around the incinerator. Results of this study did not evidence any impact of the WTE plant on human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs. In fact, no significant differences were found in the concentrations of PCDDs + PCDFs, DL-PCBs, and NDL-PCBs measured in the population group residing near the plant after three years of activity (T2) with respect to the control group. A significant decrease of serum concentrations of all the analytes was observed at T2 in both groups compared to T0. Serum concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in the group of farmers were higher than those observed in the adult population under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Iamiceli
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - V Abate
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Abballe
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bena
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - S P De Filippis
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Dellatte
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S De Luca
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A R Fulgenzi
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - N Iacovella
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Ingelido
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - C Ivaldi
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Pio VII 9, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - V Marra
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Miniero
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Farina
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - M Gandini
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Pio VII 9, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - M Orengia
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - E Procopio
- Department of Prevention, ASL TO3, Piazza San Francesco 4, Susa (Turin), Italy
| | - G Salamina
- Department of Prevention, ASL TO1, Via Della Consolata 10, Turin, Italy
| | - E De Felip
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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12
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Pittman GS, Wang X, Campbell MR, Coulter SJ, Olson JR, Pavuk M, Birnbaum LS, Bell DA. Dioxin-like compound exposures and DNA methylation in the Anniston Community Health Survey Phase II. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140424. [PMID: 32629249 PMCID: PMC7574543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS-I) was initially conducted from 2005 to 2007 to assess polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures in Anniston, Alabama residents. In 2014, a follow-up study (ACHS-II) was conducted to measure the same PCBs as in ACHS-I and additional compounds e.g., polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like non-ortho (cPCBs) substituted PCBs. In this epigenome-wide association study (EWAS), we examined the associations between PCDD, PCDF, and PCB exposures and DNA methylation. Whole blood DNA methylation was measured using Illumina EPIC arrays (n=292). We modeled lipid-adjusted toxic equivalencies (TEQs) for: ΣDioxins (sum of 28 PCDDs, PCDFs, cPCBs, and mPCBs), PCDDs, PCDFs, cPCBs, and mPCBs using robust multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, race, sex, smoking, bisulfite conversion batch, and estimated percentages of six blood cell types. Among all exposures we identified 10 genome-wide (Bonferroni p≤6.74E-08) and 116 FDR (p≤5.00E-02) significant associations representing 10 and 113 unique CpGs, respectively. Of the 10 genome-wide associations, seven (70%) occurred in the PCDDs and four (40%) of these associations had an absolute differential methylation ≥1.00%, based on the methylation difference between the highest and lowest exposure quartiles. Most of the associations (six, 60%) represented hypomethylation changes. Of the 10 unique CpGs, eight (80%) were in genes shown to be associated with dioxins and/or PCBs based on data from the 2019 Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. In this study, we have identified a set of CpGs in blood DNA that may be particularly susceptible to dioxin, furan, and dioxin-like PCB exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Pittman
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America
| | - Xuting Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America.
| | - Michelle R Campbell
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America.
| | - Sherry J Coulter
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America.
| | - James R Olson
- University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States of America.
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States of America.
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America.
| | - Douglas A Bell
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America.
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13
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Cusack C, Pavuk M, Dutton N, Yang E, Serio T. The Anniston Community Health Survey. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 83:38-41. [PMID: 34732942 PMCID: PMC8563022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As part of our continued effort to highlight innovative approaches to improve the health and environment of communities, the Journal is pleased to publish regular columns from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ATSDR serves the public by using the best science, taking responsive public health actions, and providing trusted health information to prevent harmful exposures and diseases related to toxic substances. The purpose of this column is to inform readers of ATSDR's activities and initiatives to better understand the relationship between exposure to hazardous substances in the environment, its impact on human health, and how to protect public health. The conclusions of this column are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of ATSDR or CDC. Caroline Cusack is an epidemiologist at ATSDR. Marian Pavuk is a lead epidemiologist at ATSDR. Nina Dutton and Tara Serio are Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellows at ATSDR. Eric Yang is currently a statistical analyst at Aspen Dental Management, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
| | - Nina Dutton
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
| | | | - Tara Serio
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
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14
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Chang CJ, Terrell ML, Marcus M, Marder ME, Panuwet P, Ryan PB, Pearson M, Barton H, Barr DB. Serum concentrations of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Michigan PBB Registry 40 years after the PBB contamination incident. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105526. [PMID: 32062441 PMCID: PMC7201813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Widespread polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) contamination occurred in Michigan from 1973 to 1974, when PBBs were accidentally substituted for a nutritional supplement in livestock feed. People who lived in the state were exposed to PBBs via several routes including ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. PBBs sequestered in lipid-rich matrices such as adipose tissue, are slowly eliminated after entering the human body, and can also be transferred from a mother to her offspring through the placenta and breastfeeding. Due to the long biological half-lives of PBBs, as well as concerns from the exposed community, biomonitoring measurements were conducted from 2012 to 2015. Because of their similar structures, serum PBBs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were all measured 40 years after the PBB contamination incident (N = 862). The serum PBB-153 levels among the original highly-exposed groups (i.e., chemical workers, the family of chemical workers, and individuals who lived on or received food from the contaminated farms) remains significantly higher than other Michigan residents. Several predictors such as sampling age, sex, and smoking status were significantly associated with the serum levels of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Higher average values and also wider ranges of serum POP levels were found in this study compared to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), with the most substantial difference in serum PBB-153. This was true for all groups of Michigan residents including those who were not part of the above-described highly-exposed groups. Moreover, the people born after the contamination incident began also have higher serum PBB-153 levels when compared with more recent NHANES data (2010-2014), which suggests potential intergenerational exposure and/or continued environmental exposure following the contamination period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jung Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA.
| | - Metrecia L Terrell
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Marder
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - P Barry Ryan
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - Melanie Pearson
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - Hillary Barton
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, USA
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15
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Wesselink AK, Bethea TN, McClean M, Weuve J, Williams PL, Hauser R, Sjödin A, Brasky TM, Baird DD, Wise LA. Predictors of plasma polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations among reproductive-aged black women. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:1001-1010. [PMID: 31285139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of lipophilic endocrine-disrupting chemicals with wide industrial use in the U.S. from the 1930s through 1977. Due to their environmental and biological persistence, low levels of PCBs remain detected in wildlife and humans. Although U.S. studies have shown higher serum PCB concentrations among Black women compared with White women, studies of correlates of PCB exposure among Black women are scarce. We examined predictors of plasma PCB concentrations in a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a prospective cohort study of 1693 premenopausal Black women aged 23-35 years from Detroit, Michigan (2010-2012). We collected demographic, behavioral, dietary, and medical data via self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews, and in-person clinic visits, as well as non-fasting blood samples. We measured concentrations of 24 PCB congeners in baseline plasma from a subset of 762 participants. We used linear regression for log-transformed lipid-adjusted PCB concentrations to calculate percentage differences across levels of selected predictors. We did this separately for individual PCBs, sum of total PCBs, and sum of PCBs by degree of chlorination and hormonal activity. PCB concentrations were positively associated with age, duration of urban residence, cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol intake, and being breastfed in infancy, and inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) and lactation duration. The strength of some associations varied by degree of chlorination. For example, a 5-kg/m2 higher BMI corresponded to a 2.9% lower summed concentration of tri- and tetra-substituted PCBs (95% CI -4.6%, -1.2%), an 8.3% lower summed concentration of penta- and hexa-substituted PCBs (95% CI -10.0%, -6.5%), and a 12.1% lower summed concentration of hepta-, octa-, nona-, and deca-substituted PCBs (95% CI -13.7%, -10.4%). Likewise, associations for age and being breastfed in infancy were stronger for higher-chlorinated PCBs. Results agree with studies on predictors of PCB body burdens, few of which include large numbers of Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael McClean
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Wattigney WA, Irvin-Barnwell E, Li Z, Ragin-Wilson A. Biomonitoring of mercury and persistent organic pollutants in Michigan urban anglers and association with fish consumption. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:936-944. [PMID: 31257185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The 32-mile Detroit River and surrounding tributaries have been designated as a Great Lakes Area of Concern due to pollution from decades of municipal and industrial discharges, sewer overflows and urban development. Key pollutants in fish samples from the Detroit River include mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dioxins and furans. A biomonitoring study was conducted to assess exposures to these persistent toxic substances in Detroit urban shoreline anglers who may be at high exposure risk due to consumption of locally caught fish. Using a modified venue-based sampling approach, 287 adult shoreline anglers along the Detroit River were recruited and participated in the program. Study participants provided blood and urine specimens and completed a questionnaire following informed consent. We examined percentile estimates for total blood mercury, PCBs, DDE, and dioxin-like total toxic equivalency (TEQ) concentrations among study participants. Multiple linear regression was used to identify important predictors of contaminant concentrations. Participants consumed a median of 64 Detroit River caught fish meals in the past year. The Detroit urban anglers' median total blood mercury concentrations was 3.2 times higher than that for the general adult U.S. population. PCB concentrations among the Detroit anglers aged 18-39 years were higher than the U.S. population of the same race/ethnicity. Elevated levels of DDE and total TEQ concentrations were not observed in the cohort. Eating more locally caught fish was associated with higher total blood mercury and serum PCB concentrations. The biomonitoring data served to inform public health officials and help guide environmental public health actions to reduce harmful exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Wattigney
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Science, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States.
| | - Elizabeth Irvin-Barnwell
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Science, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Zheng Li
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Science, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Angela Ragin-Wilson
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Science, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
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Ravenscroft J, Schell LM. Patterns of PCB exposure among Akwesasne adolescents: The role of dietary and inhalation pathways. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:963-972. [PMID: 30359956 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study is to determine if consumption of fish and other dietary elements are related to the serum PCB levels of a group of adolescents. A dietary pattern approach is used to provide a more complete dietary exposure profile rather than a single food/group approach. Additionally, dietary patterns are examined in relation to traditional PCB groupings as well as derived PCB congener profiles. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING AND METHODS The sample is comprised of 246 Mohawk adolescents between the ages of 10-16.9 years of age residing at the Akwesasne Mohawk Nation. Food frequency data was collected and serum PCB levels were (101 congeners) quantitated during a cross-sectional study investigating adolescent exposure to environmental pollutants. RESULTS Principal component analysis identified four dietary patterns: "well-rounded" "snacks and sweets" "fruits and vegetables" "fish and dairy" and four PCB congener profiles: "1248-like", Persistent/"1260-like", "mono-ortho", and "1254-like". In a multiple regression models, the "fish and dairy" dietary or traditional PCB determinants (age, sex, prior breastfeeding, BMI, pattern) were each predictors of one or more of three of the identified PCB congener profiles. However, the "1248-like" pattern was not related to either dietary pattern or any of the typical PCB determinants, suggesting an alternative source/exposure pathway for this congener profile. CONCLUSION Even relatively low levels of fish consumption within the composite dietary matrix of adolescents at Akwesasne remains a pathway of exposure to postnatally acquired PCBs. In addition, there is evidence of an unidentified, perhaps airborne, exposure pathway that warrants further attention as this congener profile accounted for 50% of the total variance within the adolescents' serum PCB levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ravenscroft
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA; Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, One University Place, Room 131, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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18
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Yang E, Pavuk M, Sjödin A, Lewin M, Jones R, Olson J, Birnbaum L. Exposure of dioxin-like chemicals in participants of the Anniston community health survey follow-up. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:881-891. [PMID: 29763869 PMCID: PMC6236674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The 2014 follow-up of the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS II) consisted of 338 surviving participants from the 2005-2007 baseline study (ACHS) who had previous polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) measurements, were not pregnant, and were not institutionalized. Questionnaires and blood samples provided the demographic, personal history, and chemical concentration data of the Anniston residents. Approximately 51% of participants were African American, 72% were female, and the mean age was 63 years old. The objectives of this study were to provide an exposure assessment of dioxin-like chemicals in the ACHS II participants and compare the measurements with the general United States (U.S.) population via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Stratified analyses revealed significantly higher average total dioxin toxic equivalencies (TEQs) among African Americans compared to Whites (33.1 vs. 19.2 pg/g lipid), and in females compared to males (29.8 vs. 17.0 pg/g lipid). When adjusting for age, sex, and race in linear regression, we found ACHS II participants to have significantly higher total dioxin TEQ than the general 2014 U.S. population that we estimated for using half-life and NHANES 2003/04 data (most recent NHANES individual samples data), by 16.7 pg/g lipid. Principal component analyses showed that non-ortho and mono-ortho PCBs were separated from the other dioxin-like chemicals among the Anniston residents, whereas the chemicals were all clustered together for estimated NHANES 2014. The concentrations of dioxin-like chemicals, especially non-ortho and mono-ortho PCBs, in Anniston residents who resided near the former PCB production plant were higher than those in the general U.S. POPULATION Although data strongly supported this difference, these inferences are limited because NHANES 2013/14 data were unavailable and we used estimated NHANES 2014 levels that we imputed from NHANES 2003/04 data in conjunction with half-life values estimated from Milbrath et al., 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yang
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Lewin
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard Jones
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jim Olson
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Linda Birnbaum
- National Cancer Institute at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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19
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Stubleski J, Lind L, Salihovic S, Lind PM, Kärrman A. Longitudinal changes in persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from 2001 to 2009 in a sample of elderly Swedish men and women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:193-200. [PMID: 29715601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective cohort studies evaluating the temporal trends of background-level persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their potential negative health effects in humans are needed. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study are to examine the five year longitudinal trend in chlorinated and brominated (Cl/Br) POP concentrations in a sample of elderly individuals and to investigate the relationship between gender, changes in body weight, plasma lipid levels and POP concentrations. METHODS In the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study, plasma samples were collected from the same individuals over a 5 year period. Originally 992 subjects (all aged 70) were sampled between 2001 and 2004 and 814 returning subjects (all aged 75) were sampled again from 2006 to 2009. Plasma concentrations of 16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 5 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), and one polybrominated diphenylether (BDE 47) were determined using high-throughput 96-well plate solid phase extraction and gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). RESULTS During the 5-year follow-up, plasma concentrations of all POPs significantly decreased (p < 0.00001). Median reductions ranged from 4% (PCB105) to 45% (PCB 99), with most reductions being in the 30-40% range. For most POPs, a larger decline was seen in men than in women. The relationship between the weight change and change in POP concentrations was generally negative, but a positive relationship between lipid levels and POP concentrations when expressed as wet-weight was observed. In general, similar changes in POP concentrations and their relationships to body weight were observed regardless of using either wet-weight (pg/mL) or lipid-normalized (ng/g lipid) concentrations. CONCLUSION In this longitudinal cohort study, gender and minor, but varying changes in body weight and lipid levels greatly influenced the individual-based changes in POP concentrations. In general, our findings suggest that men and women with larger decreases in body weight and greater increases in lipid levels have the slowest decline in body burden of POPs. Based on the results from this study, either wet-weight or lipid normalized concentrations can be used to determine the percent change in POP concentrations and their relationships to physiological changes and differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Stubleski
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Samira Salihovic
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Monica Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Kärrman
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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20
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Clair HB, Pinkston CM, Rai SN, Pavuk M, Dutton ND, Brock GN, Prough RA, Falkner KC, McClain CJ, Cave MC. Liver Disease in a Residential Cohort With Elevated Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposures. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:39-49. [PMID: 29684222 PMCID: PMC6016643 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine and metabolism disrupting chemicals (EDCs/MDCs) have been associated with environmental liver diseases including toxicant-associated steatohepatitis (TASH). TASH has previously been characterized by hepatocellular necrosis, disrupted intermediary metabolism, and liver inflammation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental EDCs/MDCs associated with the genesis and progression of steatohepatitis in animal models and human liver injury in epidemiology studies. The cross-sectional Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS) investigates ortho-substituted PCB exposures and health effects near a former PCB manufacturing complex. The rates of obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were previously determined to be high in ACHS. In this study, 738 ACHS participants were categorized by liver disease status using the serum cytokeratin 18 biomarker. Associations between PCB exposures and mechanistic biomarkers of intermediary metabolism, inflammation, and hepatocyte death were determined. The liver disease prevalence was high (60.2%), and 80.7% of these individuals were categorized as having TASH. Sex and race/ethnicity differences were noted. TASH was associated with increased exposures to specific PCB congeners, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, proinflammatory cytokines, and liver necrosis. These findings are consistent with PCB-related steatohepatitis. ΣPCBs was inversely associated with insulin resistance/production, leptin, and hepatocyte apoptosis, while other adipocytokines were increased. This is possibly the largest environmental liver disease study applying mechanistic biomarkers ever performed and the most comprehensive analysis of PCBs and adipocytokines. It provides insight into the mechanisms of PCB-related endocrine and metabolic disruption in liver disease and diabetes. In the future, associations between additional exposures and liver disease biomarkers will be evaluated in the ACHS and follow-up ACHS-II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Clair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Christina M Pinkston
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Information Sciences
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Information Sciences
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, Georgia 30341
| | - Nina D Dutton
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participant, ATSDR, Atlanta, Georgia 30341
| | - Guy N Brock
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Information Sciences
| | - Russell A Prough
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Keith Cameron Falkner
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Craig J McClain
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participant, ATSDR, Atlanta, Georgia 30341
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40206
- The KentuckyOne Health Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology COBRE Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participant, ATSDR, Atlanta, Georgia 30341
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40206
- The KentuckyOne Health Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
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21
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Dhakal K, Gadupudi GS, Lehmler HJ, Ludewig G, Duffel MW, Robertson LW. Sources and toxicities of phenolic polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16277-16290. [PMID: 28744683 PMCID: PMC5785587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a group of 209 congeners that differ in the number and position of chlorines on the biphenyl ring, are anthropogenic chemicals that belong to the persistent organic pollutants (POPs). For many years, PCBs have been a topic of interest because of their biomagnification in the food chain and their environmental persistence. PCBs with fewer chlorine atoms, however, are less persistent and more susceptible to metabolic attack, giving rise to chemicals characterized by the addition of one or more hydroxyl groups to the chlorinated biphenyl skeleton, collectively known as hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs). In animals and plants, this biotransformation of PCBs to OH-PCBs is primarily carried out by cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases. One of the reasons for infrequent detection of lower chlorinated PCBs in serum and other biological matrices is their shorter half-lives, and their metabolic transformation, resulting in OH-PCBs or their conjugates, such as sulfates and glucuronides, or macromolecule adducts. Recent biomonitoring studies have reported the presence of OH-PCBs in human serum. The occurrence of OH-PCBs, the size of this group (there are 837 mono-hydroxyl PCBs alone), and their wide spectra of physical characteristics (pKa's and log P's ranging over 5 to 6 orders of magnitude) give rise to a multiplicity of biological effects. Among those are bioactivation to electrophilic metabolites that can form covalent adducts with DNA and other macromolecules, interference with hormonal signaling, inhibition of enzymes that regulate cellular concentrations of active hormones, and interference with the transport of hormones. This new information creates an urgent need for a new perspective on these often overlooked metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Dhakal
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - Gopi S Gadupudi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - Gabriele Ludewig
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - Michael W Duffel
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA.
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22
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Petriello MC, Charnigo R, Sunkara M, Soman S, Pavuk M, Birnbaum L, Morris AJ, Hennig B. Relationship between serum trimethylamine N-oxide and exposure to dioxin-like pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 162:211-218. [PMID: 29353125 PMCID: PMC5811317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a diet and gut microbiota-derived metabolite that has been linked to cardiovascular disease risk in human studies and animal models. TMAO levels show wide inter and intra individual variability in humans that can likely be accounted for by multiple factors including diet, the gut microbiota, levels of the TMAO generating liver enzyme Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) and kidney function. We recently found that dioxin-like (DL) environmental pollutants increased FMO3 expression to elevate circulating diet-derived TMAO in mice, suggesting that exposure to this class of pollutants might also contribute to inter-individual variability in circulating TMAO levels in humans. To begin to explore this possibility we examined the relationship between body burden of DL pollutants (reported by serum lipid concentrations) and serum TMAO levels (n = 340) in the Anniston, AL cohort, which was highly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). TMAO concentrations in archived serum samples from the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS-II) were measured, and associations of TMAO with 28 indices of pollutant body burden, including total dioxins toxic equivalent (TEQ), were quantified. Twenty-three (22 after adjustment for multiple comparisons) of the 28 indices were significantly positively associated with TMAO. Although the design of ACHS-II does not enable quantitative assessment of the contributions of previously known determinants of TMAO variability to this relationship, limited multivariate modeling revealed that total dioxins TEQ was significantly associated with TMAO among females (except at high BMIs) but not among males. Our results from this cross-sectional study indicate that exposure to DL pollutants may contribute to elevated serum TMAO levels. Prospective longitudinal studies will be required to assess the joint relationship between DL pollutant exposures, other determinants of TMAO, and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Petriello
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Richard Charnigo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Manjula Sunkara
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Sony Soman
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Marian Pavuk
- CDC Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Morris
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536
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Ruiz D, Becerra M, Jagai JS, Ard K, Sargis RM. Disparities in Environmental Exposures to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Diabetes Risk in Vulnerable Populations. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:193-205. [PMID: 29142003 PMCID: PMC5741159 DOI: 10.2337/dc16-2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Burgeoning epidemiological, animal, and cellular data link environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to metabolic dysfunction. Disproportionate exposure to diabetes-associated EDCs may be an underappreciated contributor to disparities in metabolic disease risk. The burden of diabetes is not uniformly borne by American society; rather, this disease disproportionately affects certain populations, including African Americans, Latinos, and low-income individuals. The purpose of this study was to review the evidence linking unequal exposures to EDCs with racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic diabetes disparities in the U.S.; discuss social forces promoting these disparities; and explore potential interventions. Articles examining the links between chemical exposures and metabolic disease were extracted from the U.S. National Library of Medicine for the period of 1966 to 3 December 2016. EDCs associated with diabetes in the literature were then searched for evidence of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic exposure disparities. Among Latinos, African Americans, and low-income individuals, numerous studies have reported significantly higher exposures to diabetogenic EDCs, including polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, multiple chemical constituents of air pollution, bisphenol A, and phthalates. This review reveals that unequal exposure to EDCs may be a novel contributor to diabetes disparities. Efforts to reduce the individual and societal burden of diabetes should include educating clinicians on environmental exposures that may increase disease risk, strategies to reduce those exposures, and social policies to address environmental inequality as a novel source of diabetes disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ruiz
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Marisol Becerra
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jyotsna S Jagai
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kerry Ard
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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24
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Rosenbaum PF, Weinstock RS, Silverstone AE, Sjödin A, Pavuk M. Metabolic syndrome is associated with exposure to organochlorine pesticides in Anniston, AL, United States. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:11-21. [PMID: 28779625 PMCID: PMC5627356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Anniston Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional study, was undertaken in 2005-2007 to study environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides and health outcomes among residents of Anniston, AL, United States. The examination of potential risks between these pollutants and metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia and dysglycemia) was the focus of this analysis. Participants were 548 adults who completed the survey and a clinic visit, were free of diabetes, and had a serum sample for clinical laboratory parameters as well as PCB and OC pesticide concentrations. Associations between summed concentrations of 35 PCB congeners and 9 individual pesticides and metabolic syndrome were examined using generalized linear modeling and logistic regression; odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. Pollutants were evaluated as quintiles and as log transformations of continuous serum concentrations. Participants were mostly female (68%) with a mean age (SD) of 53.6 (16.2) years. The racial distribution was 56% white and 44% African American; 49% met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. In unadjusted logistic regression, statistically significant and positive associations across the majority of quintiles were noted for seven individually modeled pesticides (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, HCB, β-HCCH, oxychlor, tNONA, Mirex). Following adjustment for covariables (i.e., age, sex, race, education, marital status, current smoking, alcohol consumption, positive family history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease, liver disease, BMI), significant elevations in risk were noted for p,p'-DDT across multiple quintiles (range of ORs 1.61 to 2.36), for tNONA (range of ORs 1.62-2.80) and for p,p'-DDE [OR (95% CI)] of 2.73 (1.09-6.88) in the highest quintile relative to the first. Significant trends were observed in adjusted logistic models for log10 HCB [OR=6.15 (1.66-22.88)], log10 oxychlor [OR=2.09 (1.07-4.07)] and log10 tNONA [3.19 (1.45-7.00)]. Summed PCB concentrations were significantly and positively associated with metabolic syndrome only in unadjusted models; adjustment resulted in attenuation of the ORs in both the quintile and log-transformed models. In conclusion, several OC pesticides were found to have significant associations with metabolic syndrome in the Anniston study population while no association was observed for PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula F Rosenbaum
- Department of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
| | - Ruth S Weinstock
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Allen E Silverstone
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- National Center for Environmental Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, United States
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25
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Callahan CL, Pavuk M, Birnbaum LS, Ren X, Olson JR, Bonner MR. Serum polychlorinated biphenyls and leukocyte telomere length in a highly-exposed population: The Anniston Community Health Survey. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:212-220. [PMID: 28886414 PMCID: PMC5623110 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have previously been associated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in most, but not all, of the few previous studies. PCBs were produced in Anniston, Alabama from 1929 to 1971 and participants of the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS) were highly exposed. OBJECTIVES We evaluated serum levels of 35 PCBs and relative telomere length in 559 ACHS participants. METHODS Relative LTL was measured in DNA extracted from blood clots. We assessed PCBs individually, grouped by chlorination, and summed PCBs. We used linear regression to assess the association between each PCB metric while adjusting for pertinent covariates. RESULTS Serum PCBs were associated with longer LTL among white participants and the oldest age group of black participants. Among white participants, compared with those in the first quartile of sum PCBs those in the third quartile of sum PCBs had 8.09% longer relative LTL (95% CI: 1.99; 14.55) and those in the fourth had 7.58% longer relative LTL (95%CI: -0.01; 15.76) (p-quadratic=0.05). Among African American participants, serum PCBs were associated with longer relative LTL among those over age 64 only. Tests for interaction were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS We observed a non-linear positive association between serum PCBs and LTL among white participants. Serum PCBs were associated with longer LTL in the oldest age group of African Americans. This association may provide insight into the cancers previously associated with exposure to PCBs, melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which have been associated with long LTL in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Callahan
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- National Cancer Institute at NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - James R Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Ingelido AM, Abate V, Abballe A, Albano FL, Battista T, Carraro V, Conversano M, Corvetti R, De Luca S, Franchini S, Fulgenzi AR, Giambanco L, Iacovella N, Iamiceli AL, Maiorana A, Maneschi F, Marra V, Pirola F, Porpora MG, Procopio E, Suma N, Valentini S, Valsenti L, Vecchiè V, De Felip E. Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans, and polychlorobiphenyls in women of reproductive age in Italy: A human biomonitoring study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:378-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wu H, Yu W, Meng F, Mi J, Peng J, Liu J, Zhang X, Hai C, Wang X. Polychlorinated biphenyls-153 induces metabolic dysfunction through activation of ROS/NF-κB signaling via downregulation of HNF1b. Redox Biol 2017; 12:300-310. [PMID: 28285191 PMCID: PMC5345977 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) is a major type of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In the current study, we examined the mechanism underlying the effect of PCB-153 on glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro. We found that PCB-153 induced per se and worsened high fat diet (HFD)-resulted increase of blood glucose level and glucose and insulin intolerance. In addition, PCB-153 induced per se and worsened HFD-resulted increase of triglyceride content and adipose mass. Moreover, PCB-153 concentration-dependently inhibited insulin-dependent glucose uptake and lipid accumulation in cultured hepatocytes and adipocytes. PCB-153 induced the expression and nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB and the expression of its downstream inflammatory markers, and worsened HFD-resulted increase of those inflammatory markers. Inhibition of NF-κB significantly suppressed PCB-153-induced inflammation, lipid accumulation and decrease of glucose uptake. PCB-153 induced oxidative stress and decreased hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b (HNF1b) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) expression in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of HNF1b increased GPx1 expression, decreased ROS level, decreased Srebp1, ACC and FAS expression, and inhibited PCB-153-resulted oxidative stress, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, and final glucose/lipid metabolic disorder. Our results suggest that dysregulation of HNF1b/ROS/NF-κB plays an important role in PCB-153-induced glucose/lipid metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fansen Meng
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jie Mi
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jiangzheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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28
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Wood SA, Armitage JM, Binnington MJ, Wania F. Deterministic modeling of the exposure of individual participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to polychlorinated biphenyls. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:1157-1168. [PMID: 27711883 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A population's exposure to persistent organic pollutants, e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), is typically assessed through national biomonitoring programs, such as the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). To complement statistical methods, we use a deterministic modeling approach to establish mechanistic links between human contaminant concentrations and factors (e.g. age, diet, lipid mass) deemed responsible for the often considerable variability in these concentrations. Lifetime exposures to four PCB congeners in 6128 participants from NHANES 1999-2004 are simulated using the ACC-Human model supplied with individualized input parameters obtained from NHANES questionnaires (e.g., birth year, sex, body mass index, dietary composition, reproductive behavior). Modeled and measured geometric mean PCB-153 concentrations in NHANES participants of 13.3 and 22.0 ng g-1 lipid, respectively, agree remarkably well, although lower model-measurement agreement for air, water, and food suggests that this is partially due to fortuitous error cancellation. The model also reproduces trends in the measured data with key factors such as age, parity and sex. On an individual level, 62% of all modeled concentrations are within a factor of three of their corresponding measured values (Spearman rs = 0.44). However, the model attributes more of the inter-individual variability to differences in dietary lipid intake than is indicated by the measured data. While the model succeeds in predicting levels and trends on the population level, the accuracy of individual-specific predictions would need to be improved for refined exposure characterization in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Wood
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - James M Armitage
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Matthew J Binnington
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Frank Wania
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
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29
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Petriello MC, Hoffman JB, Sunkara M, Wahlang B, Perkins JT, Morris AJ, Hennig B. Dioxin-like pollutants increase hepatic flavin containing monooxygenase (FMO3) expression to promote synthesis of the pro-atherogenic nutrient biomarker trimethylamine N-oxide from dietary precursors. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 33:145-53. [PMID: 27155921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is impacted by multiple modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors including dietary choices, genetic predisposition, and environmental exposures. However, mechanisms linking diet, exposure to pollutants, and CVD risk are largely unclear. Recent studies identified a strong link between plasma levels of nutrient-derived Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and coronary artery disease. Dietary precursors of TMAO include carnitine and phosphatidylcholine, which are abundant in animal-derived foods. Dioxin-like pollutants can upregulate a critical enzyme responsible for TMAO formation, hepatic flavin containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), but a link between dioxin-like PCBs, upregulation of FMO3, and increased TMAO has not been reported. Here, we show that mice exposed acutely to dioxin-like PCBs exhibit increased hepatic FMO3 mRNA, protein, as well as an increase in circulating levels of TMAO following oral administration of its metabolic precursors. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 5μmol PCB 126/kg mouse weight (1.63mg/kg). At 48h post-PCB exposure, mice were subsequently given a single gavage of phosphatidylcholine dissolved in corn oil. Exposure to 5 μmole/kg PCB 126 resulted in greater than 100-fold increase in FMO3 mRNA expression, robust induction of FMO3 protein, and a 5-fold increase in TMAO levels compared with vehicle treated mice. We made similar observations in mice exposed to PCB 77 (49.6mg/kg twice); stable isotope tracer studies revealed increased formation of plasma TMAO from an orally administered precursor trimethylamine (TMA). Taken together, these observations suggest a novel diet-toxicant interaction that results in increased production of a circulating biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Petriello
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jessie B Hoffman
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Manjula Sunkara
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Jordan T Perkins
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536.
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Birnbaum LS, Dutton ND, Cusack C, Mennemeyer ST, Pavuk M. Anniston community health survey: Follow-up and dioxin analyses (ACHS-II)--methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:2014-21. [PMID: 25982988 PMCID: PMC4648703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported previously among residents of Anniston, Alabama, where a PCB production facility was located in the past. As the second of two cross-sectional studies of these Anniston residents, the Anniston Community Health Survey: Follow-Up and Dioxin Analyses (ACHS-II) will yield repeated measurements to be used to evaluate changes over time in ortho-PCB concentrations and selected health indicators in study participants. Dioxins, non-ortho PCBs, other chemicals, heavy metals, and a variety of additional clinical tests not previously measured in the original ACHS cohort will be examined in ACHS-II. The follow-up study also incorporates a questionnaire with extended sections on diet and occupational history for a more comprehensive assessment of possible exposure sources. Data collection for ACHS-II from 359 eligible participants took place in 2014, 7 to 9 years after ACHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Birnbaum
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC, USA.
| | - N D Dutton
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C Cusack
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S T Mennemeyer
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - M Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, USA
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31
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Regional Variation in Human Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants in the United States, NHANES. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 2015:571839. [PMID: 26839572 PMCID: PMC4709617 DOI: 10.1155/2015/571839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined serum levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) among geographical regions of the United States as defined by the US Census Bureau. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for adults aged 20 years and older are presented for selected survey periods between 1999 and 2010. From NHANES 1999 through 2004, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) concentration levels were consistently higher among people living in the West than in the Midwest, Northeast, or South. In 2003-2010, perfluorinated compound concentrations tended to be highest in the South. The sum of 35 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners was significantly higher in the Northeast [GM: 189; 95% CI: 173-204 ng/g lipid] than the remaining regions. The regional differences in higher body burdens of exposure to particular POPs could be attributed to a variety of activities, including region-specific patterns of land use and industrial and agricultural chemical applications, as well as different levels of regulatory activity.
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32
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Wimmerová S, Watson A, Drobná B, Šovčíková E, Weber R, Lancz K, Patayová H, Richterová D, Koštiaková V, Jurečková D, Závacký P, Strémy M, Jusko TA, Palkovičová Murínová Ľ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Trnovec T. The spatial distribution of human exposure to PCBs around a former production site in Slovakia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:14405-15. [PMID: 26250810 PMCID: PMC4677688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5047-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated concentrations of 15 PCB congeners in blood serum of 2047 adults, 431 8-9-year old children and 1134 mother-child pairs born in 2001-2003. These subjects were long-standing residents living up to 70 km (to the north) and up to 50 km (to the south) of the former Chemko Strážske PCB production facility in the Michalovce district of Slovakia. We plotted serum concentration against distance from the plant both with and without consideration of the direction of their homes from the site. The decrease in exposure with distance could be described by an exponential function which was dependent on direction and climatic parameters. By kriging we created maps depicting predicted isoconcentration contours for sex- and age-adjusted serum concentration of ∑PCBs for the same group of children, adults and mothers. The principle of our risk analysis was to relate serum concentration data, reflecting PCB body burden, using the critical concentrations established by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES 2010) as thresholds below which the probability of effects on health is regarded as negligible. We conclude that 10 years ago, around 200,000 residents were at risk in this densely populated area. Exposure has since decreased but the mechanism for this has not yet been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Wimmerová
- Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alan Watson
- Public Interest Consultants, Uplands Court, 134, Eaton Crescent Uplands, Swansea, SA1 4QR, Wales, UK
| | - Beata Drobná
- Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Šovčíková
- Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, Lindenfirststrasse 23, Schwaebisch Gmuend, 73527, Germany
| | - Kinga Lancz
- Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | - Dana Jurečková
- The Štefan Kukura Hospital and Policlinic, Michalovce, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Závacký
- Research Centre of Progressive Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Hajdóczyho 1, 917 24, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Maximilián Strémy
- Research Centre of Progressive Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Hajdóczyho 1, 917 24, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Todd A Jusko
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | | | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Tomáš Trnovec
- Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Colucci R, Lotti F, Arunachalam M, Lotti T, Dragoni F, Benvenga S, Moretti S. Correlation of Serum Thyroid Hormones Autoantibodies with Self-Reported Exposure to Thyroid Disruptors in a Group of Nonsegmental Vitiligo Patients. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 69:181-190. [PMID: 25700983 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-015-0138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder strongly associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders (ATD). Thyroid hormones antibodies (THAb) directed toward thyroxine (T3) and triiodothyronine (T4) (T3- and T4-Ab) are rare in the general population but are increased in individuals wit ATD and extrathyroid autoimmune disorders. Because it is known that alcohol, smoke, iodine, and some thyroid disruptors can elicit the appearance of ATD, the aim of our study was to evaluate possible correlation between T3- and T4-Ab expression and past toxic exposures in vitiligo patients. Seventy vitiligo patients were examined and self-reported exposure to thyroid disruptors (4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol, perchlorates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene, resorcinol, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, alachlor/amitriole, nitrate, thiocyanate, soy isoflavones), iodine intake, smoke, and alcohol consumption were investigated through standardized questionnaires. Immunoglobulin (Ig)M-T3-Ab, IgG-T3-Ab, IgM-T4-Ab,and IgG-T4-Ab were dosed by a radioimmunoprecipitation technique. Seventy-seven (95.7 %) patients had at least one type of THAb. Most of them had contemporarily both T3- and T4-Ab (50/70). We found a significant association between PCBs and T4-IgG-Ab (P = 0.039) and between food intake containing nitrate, thiocyanate, and soy isoflavones with (IgM + IgG)-T3-Ab (P = 0.041). Our study underlines a possible influence of diet and environment in vitiligo patients in eliciting THAb. Therefore, in the event of a positive exposure to thyroid disruptors, an evaluation of thyroid function might be useful to early detect possible associated thyroid autoantibodies such as THAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Colucci
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,
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