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Kataria P, Singh J, Singh G, Mavi M, Sillanpää M, Al-Farraj S. Residual phosphorus availability after soil application of different organic waste in varying soil P status soils. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25732. [PMID: 38601584 PMCID: PMC11004077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Transformations of applied phosphorus (P) fertilizer to inaccessible residual soil P is the main cause of inadequate P availability to plants in the majority of the cultivated soils. This study investigated the effect of organic wastes (rice-residue biochar, farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS) on residual-P mobilization and its bioavailability in maize crops under different P status soils. Surface soil samples of 'medium-P' (12.5-22.5 kg P ha-1) and 'high-P' (22.5-50.0 kg P ha-1) status soils were collected from a long-term differential P fertilization experiment on maize-wheat rotation and were subjected to examine P adsorption/desorption, phosphatase activity and microbial biomass P (MBP) after incubation with organic amendments of varying elemental composition. The incorporation of organic manures decreases P sorption with maximum decrease in FYM-treated soils, indicating increased P concentration in soil solution. In contrast, WS due to its wider C/P ratio increased P sorption and did not produce any significant impact on the bioavailability of P. High-P status soils witnessed lower P sorption than medium-P soils. The MBP increased in the order of PM > FYM > GM > WS > biochar irrespective of soil P status. The availability and mobility of residual-P with FYM and PM was significantly higher than that of residual-P from biochar, GM and WS. Organics with wider C/P ratio immobilize bioavailable P in the short term regardless of soil P status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palvi Kataria
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - Jagdeep Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - Gobinder Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - M.S. Mavi
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Functional Materials Group, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, 32093 Kuwait, Kuwait
- School of Technology, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
- Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
- Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Saleh Al-Farraj
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Luo X, Chen W, Liu Q, Wang X, Miao J, Liu L, Zheng H, Liu R, Li F. Corn straw biochar addition elevated phosphorus availability in a coastal salt-affected soil under the conditions of different halophyte litter input and moisture contents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168355. [PMID: 37952652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Improving salt-affected soil health using different strategies is of great significance for Sustainable Development Goals. The effects of biochar as a sustainable carbon negative soil amendment on phosphorous (P) pools in the degraded salt-affected soils of the of coastal wetlands (as one of the primary blue carbon ecosystems) with halophyte litter input under different water conditions (the two intrinsic characteristics of coastal wetlands) are poorly understood. Thus, a corn straw derived biochar (CBC) was added into a coastal salt-affected soil collected from the Yellow River Delta to investigate its effect on P fractions and availability under the input of three different local halophyte litters (i.e., Suaeda salsa, Imperata cylindrica and Phragmites australis) and under the unflooded and flooded water conditions. The results showed that the individual input of Suaeda salsa increased soil P availability by 28.2-40.9 %, but Imperata cylindrica and Phragmites australis had little effect on P availability. CBC individual amendment more efficiently enhanced P availability in the unflooded soil than the flooded soil. However, the co-amendment of CBC with litters showed little synergistic effect on P availability. CBC sharply increased the proportion of Ca-bound labile P fraction, but moderately lifted the proportion of Al/Fe-bound mediumly labile P fraction. CBC-enhanced P availability and altered inorganic P fractions were mainly resulted from the provision of labile inherent P by biochar, improved soil properties (i.e., increased CEC), and altered bacterial community composition (i.e., elevated abundance of P-solubilizing and phosphate-accumulating bacteria). These findings give new insights into understanding P biogeochemical cycling in the coastal salt-affected soils amended with biochars, and will be helpful to develop biochar-based technologies for enhancing P pools and improving soil health of the blue carbon ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Luo
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technological Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China.
| | - Jing Miao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liuingqing Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruhai Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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3
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Nan H, Yang F, Wang C, Xu X, Qiu H, Cao X, Zhao L. Phosphorus Footprint in the Whole Biowaste-Biochar-Soil-Plant System: Reservation, Replenishment, and Reception. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:166-175. [PMID: 38109361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Two phosphorus (P)-rich biowastes, sewage sludge (SS) and bone dreg (BD), were selected to clarify P footprints among biowaste, biochar, soil, and plants by introducing a novel "3R" concept model. Results showed that pyrolysis resulted in P transformation from an unstable-organic amorphous phase to a stable-inorganic crystalline phase with a P retention rate of 70-90% in biochar (P reservation). In soil, SSBC released more P in acid red soil and alkaline yellow soil than BDBC, while the opposite result appeared in neutral paddy soil. The P released from SSBC formed AlPO4 by combining with Al in soil, whereas P from BDBC transformed into Ca5(PO4)3F(or Cl) in conjunction with Ca in the soil (P replenishment). Various plants exhibited an uptake of approximately 2-6 times more P from biochar-amended soil than from the original soil (P reception). This study can guide the application of biochar in various soil-plant systems for effective nutrient reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Nan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chongqing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200093, China
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Bornø ML, Zervas A, Bak F, Merl T, Koren K, Nicolaisen MH, Jensen LS, Müller-Stöver DS. Differential impacts of sewage sludge and biochar on phosphorus-related processes: An imaging study of the rhizosphere. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166888. [PMID: 37730064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Recycling of phosphorus (P) from waste streams in agriculture is essential to reduce the negative environmental effects of surplus P and the unsustainable mining of geological P resources. Sewage sludge (SS) is an important P source; however, several issues are associated with the handling and application of SS in agriculture. Thus, post-treatments such as pyrolysis of SS into biochar (BC) could address some of these issues. Here we elucidate how patches of SS in soil interact with the living roots of wheat and affect important P-related rhizosphere processes compared to their BC counterparts. Wheat plants were grown in rhizoboxes with sandy loam soil, and 1 cm Ø patches with either SS or BC placed 10 cm below the seed. A negative control (CK) was included. Planar optode pH sensors were used to visualize spatiotemporal pH changes during 40 days of plant growth, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) were applied to map labile P, and zymography was used to visualize the spatial distribution of acid (ACP) and alkaline (ALP) phosphatase activity. In addition, bulk soil measurements of available P, pH, and ACP activity were conducted. Finally, the relative abundance of bacterial P-cycling genes (phoD, phoX, phnK) was determined in the patch area rhizosphere. Labile P was only observed in the area of the SS patches, and SS further triggered root proliferation and increased the activity of ACP and ALP in interaction with the roots. In contrast, BC seemed to be inert, had no visible effect on root growth, and even reduced ACP and ALP activity in the patch area. Furthermore, there was a lower relative abundance of phoD and phnK genes in the BC rhizosphere compared to the CK. Hence, optimization of BC properties is needed to increase the short-term efficiency of BC from SS as a P fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Louise Bornø
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1821 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Athanasios Zervas
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Frederik Bak
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1821 Frederiksberg, Denmark; Austrian Institute of Technology, Bioresources Unit, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Theresa Merl
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology - Microbiology, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology - Microbiology, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mette H Nicolaisen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1821 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lars S Jensen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1821 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Dorette S Müller-Stöver
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1821 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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5
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Matoso SCG, Wadt PGS, de Souza Júnior VS, Otero Pérez XL. Soil mineralogy-controlled phosphorus availability in soils mixed with phosphate fertiliser and biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3820-3833. [PMID: 35510383 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2074318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The biochar amendment to soil proved to be beneficial to improve soil quality and provide nutrients. However, the effect of biochar on the availability of P is still controversial. We aim to study the effect of adding phosphate fertiliser and biochar on the P bioavailability in soils of different mineralogies. Eight biochars derived from biomass (rice husk and coffee husk), soil (sandy and clayey), and phosphate fertiliser (triple superphosphate) were produced. The biochar enrichment process with superphosphate was carried out before and after pyrolysis. Thus, we tested two biochar groups: (1) enriched biochars prior to pyrolysis; (2) enriched biochars after pyrolysis. These biochars were tested as P sources in soils of three mineralogies (kaolinite/oxide, kaolinite, and smectite). Batch sorption-desorption experiments were conducted. The sorbed P was fractionated to examine the factors controlling the retention of applied P. In the three soil mineralogies the use of enriched biochars prior to pyrolysis results in lower availability of P. In contrast, the enriched biochars after pyrolysis increase the bioavailability of P. The coffee husk biochar is more suitable than rice husk biochar to protect P from soil retention reactions. The use of sandy soil rather than clayey soil in enriched biochars compositions results in higher P content availability when applied to soils. The factor that controls the retention of P is the reaction between P, organic compounds, and Fe and Al compounds. The greater the relationship between biochar and soluble P in the fertiliser, the higher the increase of P retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Cristiani Gonçalves Matoso
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste, Brazil
- Biodiversity and Biotechnology Graduate Programme - BIONORTE, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Paulo Guilherme Salvador Wadt
- Biodiversity and Biotechnology Graduate Programme - BIONORTE, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Embrapa Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | | | - Xosé Lois Otero Pérez
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- REBUSC Network of Biological Field Stations of the University of Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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6
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Sharma S, Sekhon BS, Singh P, Siddiqui MH, Kesawat MS. Response of biochar derives from farm waste on phosphorus sorption and desorption in texturally different soils. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19356. [PMID: 37681171 PMCID: PMC10481307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The information on changes in phosphorus (P) sorption and desorption characteristics and transformations after biochar application to high P fixing soils is still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the differential response of biochar derives from five different farm waste viz. Lucaena sp., Albbizia sp., Mangifera indica, Triticum aestivum and Oryza sativa applied at 1 and 3 g kg-1 (w/w) on P sorption and desorption in three texturally different (silt loam, clay loam and sandy loam) soils. The amount of P sorbed by the clay loam was significantly (p<0.05) higher than the silt loam and sandy loam, regardless of added P concentration. The Freundlich isotherms exhibit a better fit (R2 = 0.564-0.996 in silt loam, 0.640-0.993 in clay loam and 0.724-0.993 in sandy loam soil) to P sorption data as compared with the Langmuir isotherm. Biochar application significantly decreased the P desorption maxima and desorption constant. The R2 values ranged from 0.447 to 0.999 in silt loam, 0.438 to 0.996 in clay loam, 0.545 to 0.989 in sandy loam. Lucaena biochar showed highest adsorption maxima, thereby suggesting highest P release, whereas soils treated with Triticum aestivum biochar had the lowest adsorption maxima in both clay loam and sandy loam soil. These results indicated that biochar application can significantly enhance P availability; the extent of which is determined by soil texture and type of biochar. The results of present study highlight that biochar application would help increase soil P availability by enhancing fertilizer-P use efficiency associated with decreased P sorption capacity due to increased flush of available-P in soil colloidal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | - Pritpal Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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Xue P, Hou R, Fu Q, Li T, Wang J, Zhou W, Shen W, Su Z, Wang Y. Potentially migrating and residual components of biochar: Effects on phosphorus adsorption performance and storage capacity of black soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 336:139250. [PMID: 37343640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has great potential to increase the soil nutrient storage capacity. However, with aging, biochar gradually disintegrates and releases fractions with migration potential, resulting in unknown effects on soil nutrient regulation. Based on this problem, we used ultrasound to separate original biochar (TB) into potentially migrating biochar (DB) and residual biochar (RB). The elemental composition and pore characteristics of TB, DB and RB were analyzed. Different fractions of biochar were applied to black soil, and the kinetic model and isothermal adsorption models were used to explore the adsorption characteristics of different treatments. Then, the effects of initial pH and coexisting ions on adsorption were compared. The adsorption mechanism and potential leaching process of phosphorus in soil were investigated. The results showed that RB had higher O and H contents and was less stable than TB, while RB was more aromatic. The phosphorus adsorption capacity of different treatments was SRB (1.3318 mg g-1) > STB (1.2873 mg g-1) > SDB (1.3025 mg g-1) > SCK (1.1905 mg g-1). SRB had optimal phosphorus adsorption performance and storage capacity, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.6741 mg g-1 for the Langmuir isotherm, and it also showed excellent applicability in a pH gradient and with coexisting ions. The main adsorption mode of phosphorus by different treatments was monolayer chemisorption, related to electrostatic repulsion and oxygen-containing functional groups. DB was less effective in inhibiting soil phosphorus migration, with the cumulative leaching of SDB reaching 8.99 mg and the percentage of phosphorus in the 0-6 cm soil layer reaching only 15.42%. Overall, the results can help elucidate potential trends in the adsorption performance and migration process of soil phosphorus by biochar, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xue
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Renjie Hou
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Tianxiao Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Weizheng Shen
- School of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Zhongbin Su
- School of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Yijia Wang
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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8
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Hei J, Xie H, Wang W, Sardans J, Wang C, Tariq A, Zeng F, Peñuelas J. Effects of contrasting N-enriched biochar applications on paddy soil and rice leaf phosphorus fractions in subtropical China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162949. [PMID: 36934931 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been proved to be an important soil amendment to alleviate soil phosphorus (P) in the paddy crops. However, the role of specially prepared biochar (N-enriched biochar) on the distribution and transformation of P soil in and rice leaves needs to be revealed. In this study, we studied in a field experiment the effects of two different levels of application of N-enriched biochar on the P fractions of soil and leaves. The results showed that: (1) in early rice, both rates of N-enriched biochar increased soil concentrations of labile inorganic P (Pi) (+51.5 % and +66.2 %, respectively) and labile organic P (Po) (+167 % and + 76.9 %, respectively) and moderately labile Pi (+37.8 % and +27.8 %, respectively) and decreased soil concentration of moderately labile Po (-17.0 % and -52.7 %, respectively) in the 0-15 cm layer. Soil total P concentration was positively correlated with soil labile P fractions and moderately labile Pi concentrations (p < 0.05); (2) in early and late rice, application of the biochar at 4 t ha-1 increased rice leaf concentration of inorganic (+13.3 % and +34.8 %, respectively), nucleic acid (+24.2 % and +13.0 %, respectively) (p < 0.05). The foliar inorganic and nucleic acid P concentrations were positively correlated with foliar total P concentrations; (3) redundancy analysis showed that with the application of N-enriched biochar, soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P concentration were important factors affecting the chemical forms of soil P, while soil organic matter, soil total P and leaf total P content were important factors affecting the chemical forms of leaf P; (4) allometric growth models showed that under the application of N-enriched biochar, 0-30 cm soil labile Po concentration was positively related to leaf concentration of nucleic acid P, 0-15 cm soil moderately labile Pi concentration was positively related to leaf concentration of inorganic P and nucleic acid P. Thus, this study provides evidence that N-enriched biochar increase the soil P-availability of labile and moderately labile P that in turn improved rice plants P use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hei
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Haiyun Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM)-Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Akash Tariq
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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9
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Müller T, Lakshmanan P, Liu Y, Liang T, Wang L, Yang H, Chen X. Soil phosphorus availability and fractionation in response to different phosphorus sources in alkaline and acid soils: a short-term incubation study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5677. [PMID: 37029147 PMCID: PMC10082179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Using agricultural wastes as an alternative phosphorus (P) source has great prospects to improve soil P status. A 70-day incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of superphosphate (SSP), poultry manure (PM), cattle manure (CM), maize straw (MS), and cattle bone meal (CB) with the same total P input on soil P availability and fractions in typical acidic (red soil) and alkaline (fluvo-aquic soil) soils. The results showed that in both fluvo-aquic and red soils, CM out-performed other P sources in improving soil P availability. Changes in soil Olsen-P (ΔOlsen-P) were greater in fluvo-aquic soils with SSP, PM and CM additions than in red soils. Among the different P sources used, only CM has increased the labile soil P fractions to levels similar to that with SSP. Compared with SSP, more monoester P and inositol hexakisphosphate were detected in soils amended with PM and CM. A structural equation model (SEM) analysis suggested that soil pH had a direct positive effect on the labile P fractions in the acidic red soil amended with different P sources. In summary, CM is a superior P source for increasing plant available soil P, with considerable practical implications for P recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Torsten Müller
- Institution of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Prakash Lakshmanan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, 4067, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Chongqing, 40000, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Chongqing, 40000, China
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wan H, Liu X, Shi Q, Chen Y, Jiang M, Zhang J, Cui B, Hou J, Wei Z, Hossain MA, Liu F. Biochar amendment alters root morphology of maize plant: Its implications in enhancing nutrient uptake and shoot growth under reduced irrigation regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1122742. [PMID: 36743482 PMCID: PMC9895779 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1122742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biochar amendment provides multiple benefits in enhancing crop productivity and soil nutrient availability. However, whether biochar addition affects root morphology and alters plant nutrient uptake and shoot growth under different irrigation regimes remain largely unknown. METHODS A split-root pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted on clay loam soil mixed with 2% (w/w) of wheat-straw (WSP) and softwood (SWP) biochar. The plants were subjected to full (FI), deficit (DI), and alternate partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation from the fourth leaf to the grain-filling stage. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that, compared to plants grown in unamended soils, plants grown in the biochar-amended soils possessed greater total root length, area, diameter, volume, tips, forks, crossings, and root length density, which were further amplified by PRD. Despite a negative effect on soil available phosphorus (P) pool, WSP addition improved soil available nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) pool and cation exchange capacity under reduced irrigation. Even though biochar negatively affected nutrient concentrations in shoots as exemplified by lowered N, P, K (except leaf), and Ca concentration, it dramatically enhanced plant total N, P, K, Ca uptake, and biomass. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the modified root morphology and increased soil available nutrient pools, and consequently, the higher plant total nutrient uptake might have facilitated the enhanced shoot growth and yield of maize plants in biochar-added soils. Biochar amendment further lowered specific leaf area but increased leaf N concentration per area-to-root N concentration per length ratio. All these effects were evident upon WSP amendment. Moreover, PRD outperformed DI in increasing root area-to-leaf area ratio. Overall, these findings suggest that WSP combined with PRD could be a promising strategy to improve the growth and nutrient uptake of maize plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuezhi Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qimiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiting Chen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Miao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingjing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingxiang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Khomenko O, Fenton O, Leahy JJ, Daly K. A comparative study of thermally and chemically treated dairy waste: Impacts on soil phosphorus turnover and availability using 33P isotope dilution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116702. [PMID: 36395534 PMCID: PMC9771826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dairy processing sludge (DPS) and DPS-derived secondary products such as struvite, biochar, hydrochar and ash (collectively known as SRUBIAS) are emerging as alternatives to fertilizers produced from mined rock phosphate. However, little is known about how these products affect soil P availability and daily P turnover rates.. A lack of such information prevents precision nutrient management planning using these products out on farms. This study used a novel isotope dilution technique (IPD) with 33P as a tracer to compare P turnover in soils amended with chemically (alum-treated DPS and struvite) and thermally (biochar, hydrochar, ash) treated DPS. Results showed that thermally treated products exhibited poor agronomic performance as P fertilizers, potentially inhibiting P availability when applied to soils. For example, a P deficient soil amended with hydrochar treatment at the highest application rates did not record a build-up of available P to agronomic target values. In ash and biochar treated P deficient soils, available P increased but only with very high application rates of 150 and 80 mg P kg -1. The application of these products as fertilizers could have negative implications for both environmental and agronomic goals. Conversely, chemically treated fertilisers demonstrated better agronomic performance. The same agronomic target value was reached with application rates of only 20 mg P kg -1 soil for DPS and 50 mg P kg -1 soil for struvite. However, the techniques deployed revealed that these products exhibited slower rates of available and exchangeable P build-up when compared with chemical fertilisers. This suggests that these bio-based alternatives require higher application rates or earlier application times compared to conventional chemical fertilizers. Regulations providing advice on P use in agricultural soils need to account for slower P turnover in soils receiving recycled fertilizers. The IPD technique is transferrable to all wastes to examine their performance as fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Khomenko
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland; Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Owen Fenton
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland
| | - J J Leahy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Karen Daly
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environment Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland
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12
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Zhang Y, Wu X, Chen C, Xu J, Dong F, Liu X, Li X, Zheng Y. Application of thifluzamide alters microbial network structure and affects methane cycle genes in rice-paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155769. [PMID: 35526624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thifluzamide is an effective agent for controlling rice sheath blight and has a long half-life in soil. However, the effects of thifluzamide on the abundance of microbes harboring methane-cycle genes and soil microbial community assembly patterns are not well known. Thus, we conducted a three-month indoor mesocosm experiment to ascertain the effects of thifluzamide (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg kg-1 soil; 0.05 mg kg-1 soil being recommended) on bacterial and archaeal community structure and on the abundance of methanogen genes using two typical paddy soils: sandy soil from Hangzhou (HZ) and loam sandy soil from Jiansanjiang (JSJ). The effects of thifluzamide on soil microorganisms were related to soil type. In JSJ loam sandy soil, thifluzamide significantly increased bacterial α diversity after 7-30 d and archaeal α diversity at 30 and 60 d. In HZ sandy soil, however, α diversity did not change significantly. Network analysis showed that thifluzamide-treated soils possessed more complex networks with more total nodes and links, a higher average degree of connectivity, and more keystone species. Thifluzamide application increased the number of keystone species associated with methane production in both types of paddy soil. A relatively greater number of modules were significantly negatively correlated with mcrA abundance in the HZ T10 network, but more modules were positively correlated with mcrA abundance in the JSJ T100 network. The half-life of thifluzamide varied for the different doses, i.e., from 152.0 to 419.6 d. The results reveal that methane-cycle genes, soil microbiome assembly, and interactions among microbial species all change in response to thifluzamide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Changsha 410128, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Caijun Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
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13
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Production of pine sawdust biochar supporting phosphate-solubilizing bacteria as an alternative bioinoculant in Allium cepa L., culture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12815. [PMID: 35896796 PMCID: PMC9329452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We produced and characterised biochar made from Caribbean pine sawdust as raw material. The biochar (BC500) was used as biocompatible support to co-inoculate phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (BC500/PSB) on Allium cepa L., plants at a greenhouse scale for four months. The three biomaterials study included proximate analysis, elemental analysis, aromaticity analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), adsorption studies at different pH and PSB stability as a function of time. The results indicated that BC500 is suitable as organic support or solid matrix to maintain the viability of PSB able to solubilise P from phosphate rock (PR). The biofertilizer (BC500/PSB) allows increasing germination, seedling growth, nutrient assimilation, and growth of Allium cepa L., because PSB immobilised on BC500 promoted nutrient mobilisation, particularly P, during cultivation of Allium cepa L., at pots scale. The two treatments to evaluate the biofertilizer (BC500/PSB) showed the highest concentrations of total P with 1.25 ± 0.13 and 1.38 ± 0.14 mg bulb-1 in A. cepa L. This work presents the benefits of a new product based on bacteria naturally associated with onion and an organic material (BC500) serving as a bacterial carrier that increases the adsorption area of highly reactive nutrients, reducing their leaching or precipitation with other nutrients and fixation to the solid matrix of the soil.
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14
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Zhao Z, Wang B, Zhang X, Xu H, Cheng N, Feng Q, Zhao R, Gao Y, Wei M. Release characteristics of phosphate from ball-milled biochar and its potential effects on plant growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153256. [PMID: 35065117 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ball-milled biochar could potentially supply phosphorus, an essential element for plant growth. To realize resource reuse and phosphorus recovery, three feedstocks (rice straw, distillers grains, and Eupatorium adenophorum) were used to prepare ball-milled biochar to evaluate its release characteristics of phosphorus and potential effects on germination and growth. The results showed that the phosphate release performance of ball-milled distillers grains biochar (DM) at 300 and 600 °C was better than that of other biochars ball-milled for 12 h. The DM prepared at 600 °C and incubated for 12 (DM-12) or 24 h (DM-24) had the best phosphate release capacity. The solution with pH 3.0 was beneficial to the release of phosphate from DM-12. The pseudo-second-order model could better fit the phosphate release of DM-12. A germination and seedling growth experiment suggested that adding 2.5 wt% DM-12 was beneficial to the height of mung beans. This study shows that DM-12 can be used as a slow-release fertilizer for the growth of mung beans, which provides a new way for resource utilization of distillers grains and phosphorus-rich biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhao
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huajie Xu
- Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564500, Guizhou, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qianwei Feng
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yining Gao
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming Wei
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
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15
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Yang Q, Ravnskov S, Pullens JWM, Andersen MN. Interactions between biochar, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and photosynthetic processes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151649. [PMID: 34785223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolyzed biomass, generating biochar for use as soil amendment, is recognized as a promising strategy for carbon sequestration. Current understanding of the interactions between biochar, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), and plant photosynthesis, in terms of biochemical processes and CO2 uptake, is fragmentary. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on photosynthesis in potato including maximum rate of carboxylation by Rubisco (Vcmax), maximum rate of electron transport rate for RuBP-regeneration (Jmax), mesophyll conductance (gm) and other plant traits. Four types of biochar (wheat or miscanthus straw pellets pyrolyzed at temperatures of either 550 °C or 700 °C) were amended into low phosphorus soil. Potato plants were inoculated with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis (M+) or not (M-). The results showed that four types of biochar generally decreased nitrogen and phosphorus content of potato, especially the biochars pyrolyzed at high temperature. This negative effect of biochar on nutrient content was alleviated by AM. It was found that Vcmax was limited by low plant nitrogen content as well as leaf area and phosphorus content. Plant phosphorus content also limited Jmax, which was mutually constrained by Vcmax of leaves. Low gm was an additional limiting factor for photosynthesis. The gm was positively correlated to nitrogen content, which influenced the leaf anatomical structure by alteration of leaf mass per area. In conclusion, the influence of interactions between quality of biochar and AM symbiosis on photosynthesis of potato seems to relate to effects on plant nutrient content and leaf structures. Accordingly, a model for the dependence of Vcmax on nitrogen and phosphorus content and their interactive effect exhibited a high correlation coefficient. As potato plants form AM symbiosis under natural field conditions, the extent and interaction with the quality of amended biochar can be a determining factor for plant nutrient content, growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Sabine Ravnskov
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | | | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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16
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Biochar Phosphate Fertilizer Loaded with Urea Preserves Available Nitrogen Longer than Conventional Urea. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon-rich material obtained by pyrolysis of organic wastes, is an attractive matrix for loading nutrients and producing enhanced efficiency fertilizers. In this study, poultry litter (PL) was enriched with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and MgO to produce a biochar-based fertilizer (PLB), which was loaded with urea in a 4:5 ratio (PLB:urea, w/w) to generate a 15–15% N–P slow-release fertilizer (PLB–N) to be used in a single application to soil. A greenhouse experiment was carried out in which a common bean was cultivated followed by maize to evaluate the agronomic efficiency and the residual effect of fertilization with PLB–N in Ultisol. Six treatments were tested, including four doses of N (100, 150, 200, and 250 mg kg−1) via PLB–N in a single application, a control with triple superphosphate (TSP—applied once) and urea (split three times), and a control without N-P fertilization. The greatest effect of PLB–N was the residual effect of fertilization, in which maize showed a linear response to the N doses applied via PLB–N but showed no response to conventional TSP + urea fertilization. Biochar has the potential as a loading matrix to preserve N availability and increase residual effects and N-use efficiency by plants.
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17
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de Lima Veloso V, da Silva FBV, Dos Santos NM, do Nascimento CWA. Phytoattenuation of Cd, Pb, and Zn in a Slag-contaminated Soil Amended with Rice Straw Biochar and Grown with Energy Maize. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 69:196-212. [PMID: 34480611 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has attracted interest due to its ability to improve soil fertility, soil carbon, and crop yield. Also, biochar can adsorb metals and render them less bioavailable. We investigated the soil availability, sequential extraction, and maize uptake of Cd, Pb, and Zn in a highly contaminated soil amended with rice straw biochar rates (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 Mg ha-1). We hypothesized that biochar application to the soil cultivated with maize attenuates metal toxicity and mobility in slag-polluted soils near an abandoned Pb smelting plant in Brazil. Results showed that applying biochar increased the soil organic carbon, CEC, and P up to 27, 30, and 107, respectively. Plant accumulation of P and N was 104 and 32% higher than control, while aerial and root biomasses were increased by 18 and 23%. The sequential extraction showed that Pb and Zn in the original soil were retained mainly in residual fractions (94 and 87%, respectively), while Cd was mostly allocated in the organic fraction (47%). Biochar rates increased the proportion of Cd in the organic fraction to 85%, while Pb and Zn were redistributed mainly into iron oxides. The Cd, Pb, and Zn bioavailability assessed by DTPA decreased 32% in the biochar-amended soil, reducing plants' metal uptake. The maize biomass increase, metal soil bioavailability decrease, and low metal concentration in shoots driven by biochar indicate that phytoattenuation using rice straw biochar and maize cultivation could reduce risks to humans and the environment in the polluted sites of Santo Amaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venâncio de Lima Veloso
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bruno Vieira da Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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18
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Zhao D, Luo Y, Feng YY, He QP, Zhang LS, Zhang KQ, Wang F. Enhanced adsorption of phosphorus in soil by lanthanum-modified biochar: improving phosphorus retention and storage capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68982-68995. [PMID: 34286424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Use of soil adsorbent is an effective method for the promotion of phosphorus adsorption capacity of soil, though most of the soil adsorbents have weak phosphorus retention ability. Herein, we compared the traditional gypsum (GP) and zeolite (ZP) adsorbents to explore the phosphorus retention ability of lanthanum modified walnut shell biochar (La-BC) in soil. The results showed that with the increase of exogenous phosphorus concentration, the adsorption amount of phosphorus by adsorbents in soil increased at first and then tended to be stable. The maximum adsorption capacity of soil to phosphorus is gypsum, lanthanum-modified biochar > zeolite, and the addition of lanthanum-modified biochar can improve the adsorption capacity of soil to phosphorus, enhance the binding strength of soil and phosphorus, improve the ability of soil to store phosphorus, reducing phosphorus adsorption saturation, and is beneficial to control the leaching of soil phosphorus. FTIR and XRD analysis showed that the adsorption of phosphorus by each adsorbent in soil was mainly chemical precipitation. The response surface analysis showed that the adsorption performance of La-BC+S was the best when the concentration of exogenous phosphorus was 50.0 mg/L, pH was 6.47, and the reaction time was 436.98 min. This study provides a reference for soil adsorbents to hold phosphorus and reduce the risk of phosphorus leaching to avoid groundwater pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China
| | - Yi-Yang Feng
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiu-Ping He
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China
| | - Li-Sheng Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Ke-Qiang Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, 300191, China.
- Dali Experimental Station (Dali Original Breeding Farm) of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dali, 671004, China.
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19
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Ghodszad L, Reyhanitabar A, Maghsoodi MR, Asgari Lajayer B, Chang SX. Biochar affects the fate of phosphorus in soil and water: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131176. [PMID: 34144290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising novel material for managing phosphorus (P), a nutrient often limiting for primary production but can also be a pollutant, in the environment. Reducing P input to the environment and finding cost-effective approaches to remediate P contamination are major challenges in P management. There is currently no review that systematically summarizes biochar effects on soil P availability and its P removal potential from water systems. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed biochar effects on soil P availability and P removal from water systems and discussed the mechanisms involved. Biochar affects soil P cycling by altering P chemical forms, changing soil P sorption and desorption capacities, and influencing microbial population size, enzyme activities, mycorrhizal associations and microbial production of metal-chelating organic acids. The porous structure, high specific surface area, and metal oxide and surface functional groups make biochars effective materials for removing P from eutrophic water via ligand exchange, cation bridge, and P precipitation. Because soil and biochar properties are widely variable, the effect of biochar on the fate of P in soil and water systems is inconsistent among different studies. Knowledge gaps in the economic practicability of large-scale biochar application, the longevity of biochar benefits, and the potential ecological risks of biochar application should be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Ghodszad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Adel Reyhanitabar
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Scott X Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Zhejiang, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E3, Canada.
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20
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Xie Z, Yang X, Sun X, Huang L, Li S, Hu Z. Effects of biochar application and irrigation rate on the soil phosphorus leaching risk of fluvisol profiles in open vegetable fields. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147973. [PMID: 34323812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application was reported to influence soil phosphorus (P) leaching, but the reports are conflicting, and could be related to soil depth and water management. A field trial of a Wild Cabbage-Chinese Cabbage rotation was used to investigate the effect of biochar application and irrigation volume on P leaching risk in fluvisol soil profiles (0-20 cm, 20-50 cm, 50-100 cm) in the Chaobai River basin. The experiment included two biochar levels [0 (-BC), 30 t/hm2 (+BC)], and two irrigation levels [conventional irrigation (CI) and water-saving irrigation (WSI)]. The irrigation rate of WSI was 80% of CI. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference in soil leachable P in the soil profiles under the two irrigation volumes, while biochar application tended to increase soil leachable P in the top layer soil (0-20 cm) and subsurface layer soil (20-50 cm) irrespective of the irrigation rate. The average value of the P leaching "change point" in the soil profiles with +BC was significantly higher than that with -BC (0-20 cm: 35.52 mg kg-1 vs. 25.86 mg kg-1; 20-50 cm: 27.61 mg kg-1 vs. 20.02 mg kg-1). Additionally, the P leaching risk was observed in all top layer soil (0-20 cm) irrespective of irrigation rate and biochar application, and the P leaching risk in the subsurface layer (20-50 cm) with +BC was lower than that with -BC, especially under WSI. Therefore, it is recommended that biochar application combined with water-saving irrigation could be used as a measure for controlling soil phosphorus leaching under open field vegetable rotation in the alluvial soil of Chaobai River basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songyan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhengyi Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China.
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21
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Benedet L, Nilsson MS, Silva SHG, Pelegrino MHP, Mancini M, Menezes MDDE, Guilherme LRG, Curi N. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry applied to digital mapping of soil fertility attributes in tropical region with elevated spatial variability. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20200646. [PMID: 34550165 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120200646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry offers valuable information for prediction models of soil fertility attributes spatial variation, although this approach is yet scarce in tropical regions. This study aims to predict and build spatial variability maps of soil pH, remaining phosphorus (P-Rem), soil organic matter (SOM) and sum of bases (SB) using pXRF results through stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and Random Forest (RF) in a highly variable tropical area. Composite samples from soil A horizon were collected at 90 points throughout the campus of the Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, for pH, P-Rem, SOM, SB and pXRF analyses. RF predictions showed the highest accuracies, especially for P-Rem and SB (R² values of 0.66 and 0.55, respectively). Attributes that showed higher R² in punctual predictions also exhibited higher R² in spatial predictions. Data obtained from pXRF in tandem with RF can be used to assist prediction models for soil fertility attributes, consequently enabling the digital mapping of such attributes and helping to improve the knowledge about the spatial variability of such attributes in soils of tropical climate. This technique can therefore assist in the identification and orientation of adequate management practices in tropical agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Benedet
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Nilsson
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique G Silva
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo H P Pelegrino
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Mancini
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele D DE Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto G Guilherme
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Nilton Curi
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, MG, Brazil
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22
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Cui S, Kong F, Li Y, Jiang Z, Xi M. Effect of mineral loaded biochar on the leaching performances of nitrate and phosphate in two contrasting soils from the coastal estuary area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146346. [PMID: 33743464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal estuary area is an important sink for the land-based or/and atmosphere-based nutrients, and is suffering a serious destruction derived from the intensifying human activities, which subsequently threatens the marine environment. Therefore, increasing soil retention capacities of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) and reducing their leaching amount to sea water become a critical issue needed to be urgently addressed. In this study, a 38-day incubation and leaching experiment was conducted with two contrasting soils taken from the coastal estuary area, including the wetland and agricultural soils. Four kinds of biochars (BC), including one pure reed straw BC (BC0), and three mineral loaded BCs produced through the co-pyrolysis of reed straw with CaO (BCCa), MgO (BCMg), and shell powder (BCSP), respectively, were used to explore their effects on the leaching performances of nitrate-N and phosphate-P. The results demonstrated that the application of mineral loaded BCs could generally decrease the leaching amount of phosphate-P, while showed little effect on the nitrate-N leaching, compared to the controls. The positive improvement in soil nutrient retention capacity, mostly contributed by the increased adsorption on BC surface and into aperture, was suggested as the main mechanism for the decrease in nitrate-N and phosphate-P leaching. Compared to the agricultural soil, high clay content in the wetland soil could weaken the reduction potential in leaching losses of nitrate-N and phosphate-P derived from the newly introduced minerals with BC application. Furthermore, our results also indicated that the mineral loaded BCs may slow down the conversion rate of nutrients from organic forms to inorganic forms supported by the decreased enzymatic activity, which would be beneficial to the long term retention of nutrients in soil. Overall, based on the findings in the present study, the BCMg and Ca loaded BCs were respectively recommended for the wetland and agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Min Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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23
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He M, Xiong X, Wang L, Hou D, Bolan NS, Ok YS, Rinklebe J, Tsang DCW. A critical review on performance indicators for evaluating soil biota and soil health of biochar-amended soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125378. [PMID: 33652215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amendment of soil with biochar has been widely investigated for soil quality improvement in terms of biotic and abiotic functionalities. The performance of biochar-based amendment varies according to the site characteristics, biochar properties, and soil management targets. There is no existing review that summarizes a broad range of performance indicators to evaluate the health of biochar-amended soil. Based on the latest studies on soil amendment with biochar, this review critically analyzes the soil health indicators that reveal the potential impact of biochar amendment with respect to physicochemical properties, biological properties, and overall soil quality. It is found that soil pH, soil aggregate stability, and soil organic matter are the basic indicators that could influence most of the soil functions, which should be prioritized for measurement. Relevant functional indicators (e.g., erosion rate, crop productivity, and ecotoxicity) should be selected based on the soil management targets of biochar application in agricultural soils. With this review, it is expected that target-oriented performance indicators can be selected in future studies for field-relevant evaluation of soil amendment by biochar under different situations. Therefore, a more cost-effective and purpose-driven assessment protocol for biochar-amended soils can be devised by using relevant measurable attributes suggested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinni Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, Enginnering and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soils (Soil CRC), Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste, Management, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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24
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Tesfaye F, Liu X, Zheng J, Cheng K, Bian R, Zhang X, Li L, Drosos M, Joseph S, Pan G. Could biochar amendment be a tool to improve soil availability and plant uptake of phosphorus? A meta-analysis of published experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34108-34120. [PMID: 33963990 PMCID: PMC8275515 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important nutrients for plant growth, phosphorus was often poorly available in soil. While biochar addition induced improvement of soil structure, nutrient and water retention as well as microbial activity had been well known, and the effect of biochar soil amendment (BSA) on soil phosphorus availability and plant P uptake had been not yet quantitatively assessed. In a review study, data were retrieved from 354 peer-reviewed research articles on soil available P content and P uptake under BSA published by February 2019. Then a database was established of 516 data pairs from 86 studies with and without BSA in agricultural soils. Subsequently, the effect size of biochar application was quantified relative to no application and assessed in terms of biochar conditions, soil conditions, as well as experiment conditions. In grand mean, there was a significant and great effect of BSA on soil available P and plant P uptake by 65% and 55%, respectively. The effects were generally significant under manure biochar, biochar pyrolyzed under 300 °C, soil pH <5 and fine-textured soil, and soils that are very low in available P. Being significantly correlated to soil P availability (R2=0.29), plant P uptake was mostly enhanced with vegetable crops of high biomass yield. Overall, biochar amendment at a dosage up to 10 t ha-1 could be a tool to enhance soil availability and plant uptake of phosphorus, particularly in acid, heavy textured P-poor soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsum Tesfaye
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jufeng Zheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Marios Drosos
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu X, Wei Z, Ma Y, Liu J, Liu F. Effects of biochar amendment and reduced irrigation on growth, physiology, water-use efficiency and nutrients uptake of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) on two different soil types. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144769. [PMID: 33736368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has shown beneficial effects in agricultural production, yet the combined effects of biochar and reduced irrigation on crop growth and water-use efficiency (WUE) in diverse soil types have not been fully explored. A split-root pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of addition of 2% softwood (SWB) and wheat straw biochar (WSB) on growth, physiology, WUE and nutrients uptake of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants grown in a Ferrosol and an Anthrosol, respectively, under three irrigation treatments. The plants were either irrigated daily to 90% of water-holding capacity (FI), or irrigated with 70% volume of water used for FI to the whole root-zone (DI) or alternately to half root-zone (PRD). The results showed that plants grown in Anthrosol possessed greater leaf gas exchange rates, dry biomass and WUE while lower nutrients content compared to those grown in Ferrosol. Despite a negative effect on plant N content and WUE, WSB addition increased water-holding capacity, consequently improved leaf gas exchange, water uptake, biomass and K content resulting in an improved in the leaf quality of tobacco as exemplified by an increased leaf K content and a more appropriate N to K stoichiometric ratio. However, these effects were not evident upon SWB addition. Moreover, these responses to biochar addition were stronger in Ferrosol than in Anthrosol might be associated with its lower pH. Compared to FI, PRD slightly reduced photosynthetic rate but significantly decreased stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and leaf area, leading to a significant increase in intrinsic, instantaneous and plant WUE. Additionally, PRD was superior over DI in improving yield, WUE, N uptake under a same irrigation volume. It was concluded that WSB combined with PRD could be a promising practice to synergistically improve tobacco yield, quality and WUE by improving soil hydro-physical properties and nutrients bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Liu
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Postboks 50, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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26
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Hailegnaw NS, Mercl F, Kulhánek M, Száková J, Tlustoš P. Co-application of high temperature biochar with 3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate treated ammonium sulphate improves nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5711. [PMID: 33707651 PMCID: PMC7952707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed on the increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of maize via the use of high temperature produced biochar (700 °C). Maize was grown to maturity on two contrasting soils (acidic Cambisol and neutral Chernozem) in pots with a treatment of biochar co-applied with ammonium sulphate stabilised by a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate, DMPP) or un-stabilised. The combination of biochar with ammonium sulphate containing DMPP increased maize biomass yield up to 14%, N uptake up to 34% and NUE up to 13.7% compared to the sole application of ammonium sulphate containing DMPP. However, the combination of biochar with un-stabilised ammonium sulphate (without DMPP) had a soil-specific influence and increased maize biomass only by 3.8%, N uptake by 27% and NUE by 11% only in acidic Cambisol. Further, the biochar was able to increase the uptake of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in both stabilised and un-stabilised treatments of ammonium sulphate. Generally, this study demonstrated a superior effect from the combined application of biochar with ammonium sulphate containing DMPP, which improved NUE, uptake of P, K and increased maize biomass yield. Such a combination may lead to higher efficiency of fertilisation practices and reduce the amount of N fertiliser to be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niguss Solomon Hailegnaw
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129Prague 6, 16500, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Mercl
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129Prague 6, 16500, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kulhánek
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129Prague 6, 16500, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129Prague 6, 16500, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129Prague 6, 16500, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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27
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Qayyum MF, Haider G, Iqbal M, Hameed S, Ahmad N, Rehman MZU, Majeed A, Rizwan M, Ali S. Effect of alkaline and chemically engineered biochar on soil properties and phosphorus bioavailability in maize. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128980. [PMID: 33243575 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous (P) fixation in alkaline calcareous soils is a serious concern worldwide and acidified-biochar application has been proposed to improve the agronomic benefits of applied P. The present study aims to improve understanding of P transformation process in an alkaline soil following different biochar amendments (rice-husk biochar (RHB), sugarcane-bagasse biochar (SWB) and wheat-straw biochar (WSB)), chemically engineered (acidification with 1 N HCl or washing with distilled water (pristine biochar)) along with or without P at 60 mg kg-1. A pot experiment was conducted with three biochars (RHB, SWB, WSB) and control, two chemical modifications (acidic and pristine), and two P-levels (without or with P). A pot study by growing spring maize and a parallel incubation study were done to test the treatment effects on P transformation. Results demonstrated that acidified SBC and WSB increased the plant P uptake and dry-matter yield by 40% and 29.7%, respectively, with P-supply. Both pristine or acidified RHB produced 80.5% and 110.7%, more root dry-matter, respectively, compared to respective controls without P. Non-acidified WSB along with P showed significantly higher Olson's P in incubation study. While in case of acidification along with P addition, RHB exhibited greater P availability, but it was inconsistent at different times during incubation. It can be concluded that acidified biochar amendments have potential to improve P management with inconsistent results. It is difficult to rule out that acidification of biochars is a pre-requisite for alkaline soils for P improvement. Further research is needed to explore site-specific P management for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Iqbal
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Hameed
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Majeed
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Yang L, Wu Y, Wang Y, An W, Jin J, Sun K, Wang X. Effects of biochar addition on the abundance, speciation, availability, and leaching loss of soil phosphorus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143657. [PMID: 33250256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a promising soil amendment, biochar has demonstrated its potential for influencing soil nutrient transformations. The effects of biochar on soil phosphorus (P) transformations have received much less attention than its effects on carbon cycling. A review of the literature reveals that biochar applications to soils may have notable effects on the abundance, speciation, availability, and leaching loss of soil P. However, a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the biochar-induced environmental behavior of soil P has not been obtained so far. Therefore, in this review, we analyzed and identified the known and potential mechanisms through which biochar affects P behavior in soils: (1) biochar as a source of P provides soluble and exchangeable P to soil; (2) biochar enhances the availability of endogenic soil P by influencing P-related complexation and metabolism effects; and (3) biochar affects P leaching losses directly or indirectly by adsorbing P, improving P retention by soil, and facilitating P assimilation by plants. By presenting a broad and detailed illustration of P behaviors in biochar-amended soils, this paper suggests that the application of biochar to soils will help enlarge soil P pools, increase soil P availability, and decrease P leaching losses from soil. Additional studies are needed to further elucidate the long-term effects of biochar addition on soil P transformations, explore how biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) affects the mobility and availability of soil mineral-associated P, and examine the transport of particulate P in biochar-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yunchao Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yichu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weiqi An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiangke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Ahmed W, Jing H, Kailou L, Ali S, Tianfu H, Geng S, Jin C, Qaswar M, Jiangxue D, Mahmood S, Akbar Maitlo A, Haider Khan Z, Zhang H, Chen DY. Impacts of long-term inorganic and organic fertilization on phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics in red paddies in southern China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246428. [PMID: 33513183 PMCID: PMC7846021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil phosphorus (P) adsorption and desorption occur in an important endogenous cycle linked with soil fertility problems and relevant to the environmental risk assessment of P. In our study, the effect of long-term inorganic and organic fertilization on P adsorption and desorption characteristics in relation to changes in soil properties was evaluated by selecting three long-term experimental sites in southern China. The selected treatments at each site were CK (unfertilized), NPK (synthetic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and NPKM (synthetic NPK plus manure). The adsorption and desorption characteristics of P were evaluated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The results showed that long-term application of NPK plus manure significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), total P and available P at all three sites compared with the NPK and CK treatments. All three treatments fit these equations well. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of P increased with NPKM treatment, and the binding energy of P (K) and the maximum buffering capacity (MBC) showed increasing trends. NPKM showed the highest Qm (2346.13 mg kg-1) at the Jinxian site, followed by Nanchang (221.16 mg kg-1) and Ningxiang (2219.36 mg kg-1). Compared to CK and NPK, the NPKM treatment showed a higher MBC as 66.64, 46.93 and 44.39 L kg-1 at all three sites. The maximum desorption capacity (Dm) of P in soil was highest with the NPKM treatment (157.58, 166.76, 143.13 mg kg-1), showing a better ability to release P in soil. The correlation matrix showed a significant positive correlation of SOC, total and available P with Qm, Dm and MBC. In conclusion, it is suggested that manure addition is crucial to improve P utilization in red paddy soils within the recommended range to avoid the risk of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huang Jing
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Kailou
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil, Nanchang, China
| | - Sehrish Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Tianfu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sun Geng
- Hunan Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Hunan Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Muhammad Qaswar
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Du Jiangxue
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sajid Mahmood
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ali Akbar Maitlo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Soil Fertility Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Tando Jam, Pakistan
- Department of Agriculture, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zulqarnain Haider Khan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di-Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang H, Li Q, Zhang X, Chen W, Ni J, Yang L, Wei R. Insight into the mechanism of low molecular weight organic acids-mediated release of phosphorus and potassium from biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140416. [PMID: 32721714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A crucial mechanism for the application of biochar in soil improvement is the direct release of nutrients from biochar. Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) ubiquitously exist in soil. However, the mechanism of LMWOAs-mediated release of nutrients from biochars remains little known. Ten biochars with different mineral element stoichiometric ratio were produced, and four LMWOAs [acetic (HAc), glycolic (GA), tartaric (TA), and citric acids (CA)] were employed, to enunciate the influence mechanism of LMWOAs on the release of phosphorus and potassium from biochar. The results showed that HAc suppressed the release of P from biochars, while TA and CA facilitated the release of P from biochars with high ratios of polyvalent metals to P. A new mechanism was proposed that the deprotonated HAc combined with the dissolved HPO42- or H2PO4- to form a complex through hydrogen bond and cation bridging. The hydrophobic methyl group of HAc was exposed outside of the complex, which decreased the water-solubility of phosphate. Meanwhile, a high ratio of polyvalent metals to P benefited more P to combine with polyvalent metals, which decreased the water-solubility of P, but the deprotonated TA and CA are polyvalent anions that could substitute this part of P by anion exchange. Also, LMWOAs promoted the release of K from biochars with low K/(P + S) ratios, possibly due to unionized carboxyl of LMWOAs served as a hydrogen bond donor to displace K out of biochars. This study gives a deep understanding of the fate of biochar originated nutrients response to LMWOAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Liuming Yang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
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31
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Wang D, Jiang P, Zhang H, Yuan W. Biochar production and applications in agro and forestry systems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137775. [PMID: 32213399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a product of biomass thermochemical conversion. Its yield and quality vary significantly with the production technology and process parameters, which also affect its performance in agro and forestry systems. In this review, biochar production technologies including slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis, gasification, and torrefaction were compared. The yield of biochar was found to decrease with faster heating rate or more oxygen available. The benefits of biochar application to agro and forestry systems were discussed. Improvements in soil health, plant growth, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse gas mitigation are apparent in many cases, but opposite results do exist, indicating that the beneficial aspect of biochar are limited to particular conditions such as the type of biochar used, the rate of application, soil type, climate, and crop species. Limitations of current studies and future research needed on biochar are also discussed. Specifically, the relationships among biochar production technologies, biochar properties, and biochar performance in agro and forestry systems must be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peikun Jiang
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqiao Yuan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Liu M, Zhao Z, Chen L, Wang L, Ji L, Xiao Y. Influences of arbuscular mycorrhizae, phosphorus fertiliser and biochar on alfalfa growth, nutrient status and cadmium uptake. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110537. [PMID: 32272346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to explore the influences of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), phosphorus (P) fertiliser, biochar application (BC) and their interactions on Medicago sativa growth, nutrient, Cd content and AM fungi-plant symbioses. Applications of both P fertiliser and BC significantly increased total biomass and P and potassium (K) uptake, regardless of AM. When no P fertiliser or BC was used, the shoot biomass and nitrogen (N), P, and K contents in the +AM treatments were 1.39, 1.54, 4.53 and 2.06 times higher than those in the -AM treatments, respectively. AM fungi only elevated the total P uptake by 44.03% when P fertiliser was applied at a rate of 30 mg P kg-1 in the absence of BC addition. With BC application or high-P fertiliser input (100 mg P kg-1), the soil available P was significantly higher than that in the other treatments, and AM fungi significantly reduced the shoot biomass. The minimum Cd concentration occurred in the shoots of alfalfas treated with BC and high-P fertiliser inputs; this concentration was lower than the maximum permitted concentration in China. Although the BC and high-P inputs could eliminate the positive mycorrhizal response, the results suggested that BC application in combination with high-P fertiliser input could not only increase forage yields but also lower Cd concentrations to meet the forage safety standards by the dilution effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Liu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhuojun Zhao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Leqi Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Lingzhen Ji
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yan Xiao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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Xiao Y, Liu M, Chen L, Ji L, Zhao Z, Wang L, Wei L, Zhang Y. Growth and elemental uptake of Trifolium repens in response to biochar addition, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilizer applications in low-Cd-polluted soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113761. [PMID: 32069692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, biochar (BC) addition and phosphorus (P) fertilizer applications on the mycorrhizal response, biomass and elemental uptake of Trifolium repens in cadmium (Cd)-polluted soils. The results showed that mycorrhizal colonization were significantly decreased by 100 mg P kg-1 fertilizer input. Moreover, AM fungi, BC addition and P fertilizer significantly increased shoot biomass accumulation at all treatments. In the absence of BC, the nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents in the shoots were not affected by AM fungi after P fertilizer application, but the P content in the shoots significantly increased in response to AM fungi. In the absence of BC, both AM fungi and P fertilizer significantly reduced the Cd concentrations in the plant tissues as well as the soil diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-Cd concentration. These results indicated that the translocation factors (TFs) were influenced only by BC addition and that the roots could accumulate greater amounts of Cd than the shoots. On the basis of the hygienic standard for feed in China, the shoot Cd concentration in white clover was below the maximum permitted Cd concentration (1 μg g-1) across all treatments. Therefore, it is suggested that no negative mycorrhizal-white clover symbiotic relationships were observed and T. repens could be a suitable forage species for planting in soils with low concentrations of Cd contamination when BC and P fertilizer are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Mohan Liu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Lingzhen Ji
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhuojun Zhao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Leqi Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Lingling Wei
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Yanchao Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
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Mahmoud E, El Baroudy A, Ali N, Sleem M. Spectroscopic studies on the phosphorus adsorption in salt-affected soils with or without nano-biochar additions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109277. [PMID: 32120120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment may be an effective solution of maintaining phosphorus (P) and sustaining agricultural production in salt affected soils. However, the behavior of P adsorption in salt-affected soils with nano-biochar (nB) amendment is unclear. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the impacts of different levels of soil salinity amended with nB at rates of 0, 0.10%, 0.20%, and 0.50% (w/w) on the P adsorption isotherm and also, mechanisms of P adsorption by using spectroscopic analysis. The results showed that P adsorption increased with increasing soil salinity with or without nB addition. Under level of 120 mg P L-1, adsorption capacity of P increased from 992.8 mg kg-1 for high saline soil (S5) to 1144.0 mg kg-1 after treated with 0.20% nB. The results of P adsorption were agreed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) of nB showed that the surface of nB decorated with oxygenated functional groups which play an important role in the adsorption of P anions. Analyzes of FTIR and XRD indicated that the main adsorption mechanism for P adsorption on nB in salt affected soils was surface precipitation. Our findings suggest that the nano-biochar amendment in salt affected soils can be a promising enhancer for P adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esawy Mahmoud
- Department of Soil and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed El Baroudy
- Department of Soil and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Nehal Ali
- Engineering Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sleem
- Department of Soil and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Mclennon E, Solomon JKQ, Neupane D, Davison J. Biochar and nitrogen application rates effect on phosphorus removal from a mixed grass sward irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:137012. [PMID: 32041056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This 2-year (2017 and 2018) field study evaluated biochar and nitrogen application rates effect on herbage phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) removal from a mixed-grass sward of tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort] and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) irrigated with treated wastewater. Treatments used in this study carried out at the Main Station Field Laboratory, Reno, NV were three biochar application rates (0, 8.9, and 17.8 Mg/ha), and three N rates (0, 80, and 120 kg N/ha) arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial in a randomized complete block design experiment with four replications of each treatment combination. Responses were considered different P < 0.05. There was a linear increased in soil volumetric water content as biochar rate increased from 0 to 17.9 Mg/ha. However, biochar application rate did not affect the quantity of biomass produced, forage tissue P and N concentrations, P and N removal or interact with the other experimental variables of N rate and year to influence the response variables. There was, however, an N rate effect (P < 0.05) on biomass production and it was greater for the 80 and 120 kg N rate (average = 8.3 Mg DM/ha) relative to the 0 kg N/ha rate (6.0 Mg DM/ha). Further, cumulative P removal for the 80 and 120 kg N rate (average = 48.9 kg/ha) was greater than the 0 kg N/ha rate (38.1 kg/ha), and cumulative N removal was in the order 120 kg N/ha (321.1 kg/ha) > 80 kg N/ha (267.4 kg/ha) > 0 kg N/ha (187.8 kg/ha). There was a trend for a biochar × N rate interaction on soil P concentration and it tended to be greater for the combinations 8.9 and 17.8 Mg/ha biochar rates and 80 and 120 kg N/ha rates compared to the unamended control. Even though our study did not reveal a definitive effect of biochar on the major response parameters (biomass, tissue P and N concentrations) evaluated, the trend for a biochar × N rate interaction on soil P concentration offers hope that biochar-amended soils coupled with appropriate N fertilization will be effective in P retention on agricultural landscapes irrigated with treated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everald Mclennon
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Juan K Q Solomon
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Mailstop 202, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Dhurba Neupane
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Jason Davison
- University of Nevada Cooperative Extension, 111 Sheckler Road, Fallon, NV 89406, USA
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Chen W, Ding S, Lin Z, Peng Y, Ni J. Different effects of N 2-flow and air-limited pyrolysis on bamboo-derived biochars' nitrogen and phosphorus release and sorption characteristics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:134828. [PMID: 31812386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advantages for biochars used in soil improvement have been proposed to their nutrients release and sorption characteristics which strongly depend on their production conditions. N2-flow and air-limited pyrolysis are two different widely-applied oxygen-limited pyrolysis methods for producing biochars, however, their different effects on nutrients release and sorption characteristics of biochars remains unknown. In this study, bamboo derived biochars pyrolyzed in N2-flow (BC-N2) and air-limited environments (BC-Air) at the temperature of 150~750 °C were used to compare the release and sorption of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients. The results showed that release of nitrogen and phosphorous in BC-Air were always greater than those in BC-N2, the maximum nitrogen and phosphorous release of BC-Air (0.65 mg/g at 750 °C) is about 7.7 times of that of BC-N2 (0.084 mg/g at 450 °C). Both BC-N2 and BC-Air had no/little sorption of phosphate. Meanwhile, the sorption capacity of ammonium nitrogen on BC-Air (1.83 ~ 4.67 mg/g) was always greater than that on BC-N2 (0.23 ~ 1.34 mg/g) at the pyrolysis temperature of 300 ~ 750 °C. Phosphorous-containing minerals in ash was an enhancing factor for the release of phosphorous and sorption of ammonium nitrogen on BC-Air. Furthermore, with increasing pyrolysis temperature, the release amount of phosphorous from BC-Air and the sorption capacity of ammonium nitrogen on BC-Air increased. The results show that high pyrolysis temperature combined with air-limited environment produced biochars are optimal for nutrients enhancement and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Chen
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Shuya Ding
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zerui Lin
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yuanzhen Peng
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
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Abdi DE, Owen JS, Brindley JC, Birnbaum AC, Wilson PC, Hinz FO, Reguera G, Lee JY, Cregg BM, Kort DR, Fernandez RT. Nutrient and pesticide remediation using a two-stage bioreactor-adsorptive system under two hydraulic retention times. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115311. [PMID: 31783190 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients and pesticides in agricultural runoff contribute to the degradation of water resources. Nitrates and phosphates can be remediated through the use of treatment systems such as woodchip bioreactors and adsorbent aggregate filters; however, concerns remain over potential effects of pesticides on nutrient removal efficiency in these systems. To test this, we designed laboratory-scale woodchip bioreactors equipped with secondary adsorbent aggregate filters and investigated the capacity of these systems to remediate nutrients when operated under two hydraulic retention times (HRT) and in the presence of commonly used pesticides. The woodchip bioreactors effectively removed over 99% of nitrate per day when operated under a 72 h hydraulic retention time, with the secondary expanded shale aggregate filters consistently reducing phosphate concentrations by 80-87%. Treatment efficacy of both systems was maintained in the presence of the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Reducing HRT in the bioreactors to 21 min decreased nitrate removal efficiency; however, the insecticides bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, and the herbicide oxyfluorfen were reduced by 76%, 63%, and 31%, respectively. Cultivation approaches led to the isolation of 45 different species from the woodchip bioreactors operated under a 21 min HRT, with Bacillus species being the most prevalent throughout the treatment. By contrast, pesticide application decreased the number and diversity of Bacillus isolates and enriched for Pseudomonas and Exiguobacterium species. Woodchip bioreactors and adsorbent aggregate filters provide effective treatment platforms to remediate agrochemicals, where they maintain treatment efficacy in the presence of pesticides and can be modulated through HRT management to achieve environmental and operational water quality goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon E Abdi
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James S Owen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - Julie C Brindley
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - Anna C Birnbaum
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Agricultural Experiment Station, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, USA
| | - P Chris Wilson
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Francisca O Hinz
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Gemma Reguera
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, 6190 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Joo-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, 6190 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Bert M Cregg
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Daniel R Kort
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - R Thomas Fernandez
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St. Room A288, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Hemati Matin N, Jalali M, Antoniadis V, Shaheen SM, Wang J, Zhang T, Wang H, Rinklebe J. Almond and walnut shell-derived biochars affect sorption-desorption, fractionation, and release of phosphorus in two different soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:124888. [PMID: 31606574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective soil phosphorus (P) management requires higher level of knowledge concerning its sorption-desorption, fractionation, and release, as well as its interactions with soil amendments including biochar (BC). The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of two different BCs, derived from almond and walnut shell, on P sorption-desorption and its redistribution among the geochemical fractions in two different soils. The BCs were applied to the soils in four doses (0, 2.5, 5, and 10% w/w) and the mixtures were incubated for one month. Phosphorus sorption increased due to the addition of BCs. Phosphorus sorption data fitted well the Freundlich isotherm and were simulated by the PHREEQC software. Biochar addition increased total P and the added P was mainly distributed in the exchangeable, Fe/Al-P and the residual fractions. Also, BC addition resulted in an increase in the water-soluble-, mobile-, and Olsen-P, making P more available for plant uptake. The kinetics data were well described by the simple Elovich, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion equations. Walnut BC-added soils had higher P sorption capacity than those added with the almond BC. The results suggest that BC binds soil P and releases it gradually back into solution, making it thus available to plants; this renders the studied BCs promising materials for protecting P from being lost out of soil. Future research must be conducted over longer-term experiments that would study P dynamics in BC-added soils under real field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Hemati Matin
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Jalali
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, Volos, Greece.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550082, Guiyang, PR China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, Biomass Engineering Center, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; National Institute for Green Agriculture Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China; School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Purakayastha TJ, Bera T, Bhaduri D, Sarkar B, Mandal S, Wade P, Kumari S, Biswas S, Menon M, Pathak H, Tsang DCW. A review on biochar modulated soil condition improvements and nutrient dynamics concerning crop yields: Pathways to climate change mitigation and global food security. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:345-365. [PMID: 30999175 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial role of biochar on improvement of soil quality, C sequestration, and enhancing crop yield is widely reported. As such there is not much consolidated information available linking biochar modulated soil condition improvement and soil nutrient availability on crop yields. The present review paper addresses the above issues by compilation of world literature on biochar and a new dimension is introduced in this review by performing a meta-analysis of published data by using multivariate statistical analysis. Hence this review is a new in its kind and is useful to the broad spectrum of readers. Generally, alkalinity in biochar increases with increase in pyrolysis temperature and majority of the biochar is alkaline in nature except a few which are acidic. The N content in many biochar was reported to be more than 4% as well as less than 0.5%. Poultry litter biochar is a rich source of P (3.12%) and K (7.40%), while paper mill sludge biochar is higher in Ca content (31.1%) and swine solids biochar in Zn (49810 mg kg-1), and Fe (74800 mg kg-1) contents. The effect of biochar on enhancing soil pH was higher in Alfisol, Ferrosol and Acrisol. Soil application of biochar could on an average increase (78%), decrease (16%), or show no effect on crop yields under different soil types. Biochar produced at a lower pyrolysis temperature could deliver greater soil nutrient availabilities than that prepared at higher temperature. Principal component analysis (PCA) of available data shows an inverse relationship between [pyrolysis temperature and soil pH], and [biochar application rate and soil cation exchange capacity]. The PCA also suggests that the original soil properties and application rate strongly control crop yield stimulations via biochar amendments. Finally, biochar application shows net soil C gains while also serving for increased plant biomass production that strongly recommends biochar as a useful soil amendment. Therefore, the application of biochar to soils emerges as a 'win-win strategy' for sustainable waste management, climate change mitigation and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Purakayastha
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - T Bera
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Debarati Bhaduri
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Sanchita Mandal
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Peter Wade
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Savita Kumari
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sunanda Biswas
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Manoj Menon
- Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - H Pathak
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Xu M, Gao P, Yang Z, Su L, Wu J, Yang G, Zhang X, Ma J, Peng H, Xiao Y. Biochar impacts on phosphorus cycling in rice ecosystem. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:311-319. [PMID: 30884292 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can affect the phosphorus (P) cycle in the rice ecosystem through various pathways. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the risk of P contamination and the P supply rate to crops with the application of maize straw-derived biochar (BM) and P fertilizer. The biochar increased 18.3% and 8.45% total phosphorus (TP) concentration in the low-P level and high-P level soils, respectively. The addition of biochar increased the phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) by 9.00% at low-P levels, while the PAC was reduced by 10.4% at high-P levels. The results suggested that biochar could serve as either a source or a sink for P. The P concentration in the dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extracts on the root surfaces in biochar-treated soils increased by 467.1% and 46.1% in the low-P level and high-P level soils, respectively. It may cause by the acidification of soils near the root and the increase in Fe plaque. The results also showed the addition of biochar increased the DCB-P concentration and subsequently promoted rice growth. The biochar additions enhanced bacterial community richness and diversity, while the P supplementations inhibited bacterial growth. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that available nitrogen (AN), Fe-P, Ca-P, P uptake and, DCB extracted Fe (DCB-Fe) were significantly correlated with microbial community composition and explained 46.8%, 37.1%, 38.0%, 37.5% and 36.7% of the total community variability, respectively. This study provided evidence that biochar might affect the P cycle by impacting the microbial community composition and the Fe-reducing processes in the rice ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zhijun Yang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linlin Su
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Ma
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Hong Peng
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yinlong Xiao
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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41
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Wang Y, Xiao X, Zhang K, Chen B. Effects of biochar amendment on the soil silicon cycle in a soil-rice ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:823-833. [PMID: 30856498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the soil-plant ecosystem, knowledge about the effects of biochars on the soil silicon (Si) cycle is still tenuous. In this study, the effect of biochars on the yield, Si uptake and Si distribution within different tissues of rice plants and the soil Si cycles in a soil-plant system were investigated. Si-rich (RH300-700) and Si-deficient (WB300-700) biochars prepared from rice husk and wood sawdust were applied to high-Si soil (HSS) and low-Si soil (LSS). Biochar addition increased the yield of grain and straw and had no effect on the yield of root, and the increase in the yield with Si-rich biochars was obvious; this effect had a high response to LSS. Si-rich biochars increased the plant Si content of grain and root and had no effect on straw. RH300 amendment increased the Si concentration in grains, compared to RH500 and RH700. The addition of Si-deficient biochar to HSS had little effect on the Si content, while Si-deficient biochar-amended LSS had a great impact on the reduced Si content in rice straw and root, and WB700 decreased the Si concentration in grains, compared to WB300 and WB500. Finally, the Si-rich biochars increased the total Si uptake within rice, while Si-deficient biochars decreased the total Si uptake in LSS. According to the FTIR and SEM-EDX spectra of biochars before and after rice harvest, a new band of SiOSi at 471 cm-1 was found after aged WB700, and the minerals of iron and Si were found on the surface of aged WB700; biochars can fix the dissolved Si on its surface as a temporary store to prevent Si loss. Therefore, biochars can be considered reservoirs of soil Si, which is a slow release source of available Si, to impact the speed of biogeochemical cycling of soil Si in agricultural paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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Coleman BSL, Easton ZM, Bock EM. Biochar fails to enhance nutrient removal in woodchip bioreactor columns following saturation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:490-498. [PMID: 30502616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying bioreactors are edge-of-field structures that remove excess nitrogen (N) from intercepted agricultural drainage by supporting the activity of denitrifying microorganisms with a saturated organic carbon substrate. Although these bioreactors successfully mitigate N export, the typical woodchip systems have little effect on phosphorus (P), which is also often present in environmentally harmful quantities in drainage waters. Currently, the evidence that amending woodchip bioreactors with biochar enhances both N and P removal rates is mixed, but more work is required to test this hypothesis under controlled conditions. To determine the effect of biochar amendment on nitrate (NO3-N) and phosphate (PO4-P) removal in woodchip bioreactors, three media types-aged woodchips (W), 10% (B10) and 30% (B30) biochar by volume-were tested under different operational conditions during five-day laboratory trials with horizontal, flow-through columns. Nutrient removal was observed under different flow rates yielding hydraulic residence times of 3, 6, and 12 hours with four formulations of simulated agricultural drainage, all combination of 16.1 or 4.5 mg L-1 NO3-N and 1.9 or 0.6 mg L-1 PO4-P. Each unique treatment with respect to media type, HRT, and influent formulation was tested in triplicate using independent columns. All treatments successfully removed NO3-N, but PO4-P removal was inconsistent. Cumulative NO3-N removal efficiencies ranged 15-98% with an average removal rate of 11.0 g m-3 d-1; biochar amendment enhanced removal only in response to sufficiently high loading rates. Cumulative PO4-P removal efficiencies ranged from 66% removal to 170% export of the influent load; biochar addition was associated with increased export. These results indicate that pine-feedstock biochar poses a substantial increase to PO4-P leaching risk and only modestly enhances NO3-N removal given sufficiently high loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady S L Coleman
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, 200 Seitz Hall (0303), 155 Ag Quad Lane, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 23061 USA
| | - Zachary M Easton
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, 200 Seitz Hall (0303), 155 Ag Quad Lane, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 23061 USA
| | - Emily M Bock
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, 200 Seitz Hall (0303), 155 Ag Quad Lane, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 23061 USA.
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Paymaneh Z, Gryndler M, Konvalinková T, Benada O, Borovička J, Bukovská P, Püschel D, Řezáčová V, Sarcheshmehpour M, Jansa J. Soil Matrix Determines the Outcome of Interaction Between Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Biochar for Andropogon gerardii Growth and Nutrition. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2862. [PMID: 30538687 PMCID: PMC6277529 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar has been heralded as a multipurpose soil amendment to sustainably increase soil fertility and crop yields, affect soil hydraulic properties, reduce nutrient losses, and sequester carbon. Some of the most spectacular results of biochar (and organic nutrient) inputs are the terra preta soils in the Amazon, dark anthropogenic soils with extremely high fertility sustained over centuries. Such soil improvements have been particularly difficult to achieve on a short run, leading to speculations that biochar may need to age (weather) in soil to show its best. Further, interaction of biochar with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), important root symbionts of a great majority of terrestrial plants including most agricultural crops, remains little explored. To study the effect of aged biochar on highly mycotrophic Andropogon gerardii plants and their associated AMF, we made use of softwood biochar, collected from a historic charcoal burning site. This biochar (either untreated or chemically activated, the latter serving as a proxy for freshly prepared biochar) was added into two agricultural soils (acid or alkaline), and compared to soils without biochar. These treatments were further crossed with inoculation with a synthetic AMF community to address possible interactions between biochar and the AMF. Biochar application was generally detrimental for growth and mineral nutrition of our experimental plants, but had no effect on the extent of their root colonized by the AMF, nor did it affect composition of their root-borne AMF communities. In contrast, biochar affected development of two out of five AMF (Claroideoglomus and Funneliformis) in the soil. Establishment of symbiosis with AMF largely mitigated biochar-induced suppression of plant growth and mineral nutrition, mainly by improving plant acquisition of phosphorus. Both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants grew well in the acid soil without biochar application, whereas non-mycorrhizal plants remained stunted in the alkaline soils under all situations (with or without biochar). These different and strong effects indicate that response of plants to biochar application are largely dependent on soil matrix and also on microbes such as AMF, and call for further research to enable qualified predictions of the effects of different biochar applications on field-grown crops and soil processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Paymaneh
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Gryndler
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czechia
| | - Tereza Konvalinková
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Oldřich Benada
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Borovička
- Institute of Geology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Bukovská
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - David Püschel
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czechia
| | - Veronika Řezáčová
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Mehdi Sarcheshmehpour
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Jan Jansa
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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