1
|
Koike S, Jahn R. Rab GTPases and phosphoinositides fine-tune SNAREs dependent targeting specificity of intracellular vesicle traffic. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2508. [PMID: 38509070 PMCID: PMC10954720 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the secretory pathway the destination of trafficking vesicles is determined by specific proteins that, with the notable exception of SNAREs, are recruited from soluble pools. Previously we have shown that microinjected proteoliposomes containing early or late endosomal SNAREs, respectively, are targeted to the corresponding endogenous compartments, with targeting specificity being dependent on the recruitment of tethering factors by some of the SNAREs. Here, we show that targeting of SNARE-containing liposomes is refined upon inclusion of polyphosphoinositides and Rab5. Intriguingly, targeting specificity is dependent on the concentration of PtdIns(3)P, and on the recruitment of PtdIns(3)P binding proteins such as rabenosyn-5 and PIKfyve, with conversion of PtdIns(3)P into PtdIns(3,5)P2 re-routing the liposomes towards late endosomes despite the presence of GTP-Rab5 and early endosomal SNAREs. Our data reveal a complex interplay between permissive and inhibitory targeting signals that sharpen a basic targeting and fusion machinery for conveying selectivity in intracellular membrane traffic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Koike
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- University of Toyama, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama City, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12258-12263. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsao HC, Liao YF, Pratiwi FW, Mou CY, Lin YJ, Pan CY, Chen YT. Zn 2+-Depletion Enhances Lysosome Fission in Cultured Rat Embryonic Cortical Neurons Revealed by a Modified Epifluorescence Microscopic Technique. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2021; 27:420-424. [PMID: 33487212 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927620024940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are integration hubs for several signaling pathways, such as autophagy and endocytosis, and also crucial stores of ions, including Zn2+. Lysosomal dysfunction caused by changes in their morphology by fusion and fission processes can result in several pathological disorders. However, the role of Zn2+ in modulating the morphology of lysosomes is unclear. The resolution of conventional epifluorescence microscopy restricts accurate observation of morphological changes of subcellular fluorescence punctum. In this study, we used a modified epifluorescence microscopy to identify the center of a punctum from a series of z-stack images and calculate the morphological changes. We stained primary cultured rat embryonic cortical neurons with FluoZin3, a Zn2+-sensitive fluorescent dye, and Lysotracker, a lysosome-specific marker, to visualize the distribution of Zn2+-enriched vesicles and lysosomes, respectively. Our results revealed that treating neurons with N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine, a cell-permeable Zn2+ chelator, shrank Zn2+-enriched vesicles and lysosomes by up to 25% in an hour. Pretreating the neurons with YM201636, a blocker of lysosome fission, could suppress this shrinkage. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the modified epifluorescence microscopy for investigating the homeostasis of intracellular organelles and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chun Tsao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Feng Liao
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei11529, Taiwan
| | | | - Chung-Yuan Mou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhen Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Pan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gordon RE, Nemeth JF, Singh S, Lingham RB, Grewal IS. Harnessing SLE Autoantibodies for Intracellular Delivery of Biologic Therapeutics. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:298-310. [PMID: 32807530 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of therapeutic antibodies is highly desirable but remains a challenge for biomedical research and the pharmaceutical industry. Approximately two-thirds of disease-associated targets are found inside the cell. Difficulty blocking these targets with available drugs creates a need for technology to deliver highly specific therapeutic antibodies intracellularly. Historically, antibodies have not been believed to traverse the cell membrane and neutralize intracellular targets. Emerging evidence has revealed that anti-DNA autoantibodies found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients can penetrate inside the cell. Harnessing this technology has the potential to accelerate the development of drugs against intracellular targets. Here, we dissect the mechanisms of the intracellular localization of SLE antibodies and discuss how to apply these insights to engineer successful cell-penetrating antibody drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata E Gordon
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Jennifer F Nemeth
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Sanjaya Singh
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Russell B Lingham
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Iqbal S Grewal
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu X, Jalal S, Sheetz M, Bakke O, Margadant F. Micro-stepping extended focus reduces photobleaching and preserves structured illumination super-resolution features. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs240796. [PMID: 32265275 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite progress made in confocal microscopy, even fast systems still have insufficient temporal resolution for detailed live-cell volume imaging, such as tracking rapid movement of membrane vesicles in three-dimensional space. Depending on the shortfall, this may result in undersampling and/or motion artifacts that ultimately limit the quality of the imaging data. By sacrificing detailed information in the Z-direction, we propose a new imaging modality that involves capturing fast 'projections' from the field of depth and shortens imaging time by approximately an order of magnitude as compared to standard volumetric confocal imaging. With faster imaging, radiation exposure to the sample is reduced, resulting in less fluorophore photobleaching and potential photodamage. The implementation minimally requires two synchronized control signals that drive a piezo stage and trigger the camera exposure. The device generating the signals has been tested on spinning disk confocal and instant structured-illumination-microscopy (iSIM) microscopes. Our calibration images show that the approach provides highly repeatable and stable imaging conditions that enable photometric measurements of the acquired data, in both standard live imaging and super-resolution modes.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Hu
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Salma Jalal
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
| | - Michael Sheetz
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Felix Margadant
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Is the cell really a machine? J Theor Biol 2019; 477:108-126. [PMID: 31173758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
It has become customary to conceptualize the living cell as an intricate piece of machinery, different to a man-made machine only in terms of its superior complexity. This familiar understanding grounds the conviction that a cell's organization can be explained reductionistically, as well as the idea that its molecular pathways can be construed as deterministic circuits. The machine conception of the cell owes a great deal of its success to the methods traditionally used in molecular biology. However, the recent introduction of novel experimental techniques capable of tracking individual molecules within cells in real time is leading to the rapid accumulation of data that are inconsistent with an engineering view of the cell. This paper examines four major domains of current research in which the challenges to the machine conception of the cell are particularly pronounced: cellular architecture, protein complexes, intracellular transport, and cellular behaviour. It argues that a new theoretical understanding of the cell is emerging from the study of these phenomena which emphasizes the dynamic, self-organizing nature of its constitution, the fluidity and plasticity of its components, and the stochasticity and non-linearity of its underlying processes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kinesin-2 Controls the Motility of RAB5 Endosomes and Their Association with the Spindle in Mitosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092575. [PMID: 30200238 PMCID: PMC6163544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RAB5 is a small GTPase that belongs to the wide family of Rab proteins and localizes on early endosomes. In its active GTP-bound form, RAB5 recruits downstream effectors that, in turn, are responsible for distinct aspects of early endosome function, including their movement along microtubules. We previously reported that, at the onset of mitosis, RAB5positive vesicles cluster around the spindle poles and, during metaphase, move along spindle microtubules. RNAi-mediated depletion of the three RAB5 isoforms delays nuclear envelope breakdown at prophase and severely affects chromosome alignment and segregation. Here we show that depletion of the Kinesin-2 motor complex impairs long-range movement of RAB5 endosomes in interphase cells and prevents localization of these vesicles at the spindle during metaphase. Similarly to the effect caused by RAB5 depletion, functional ablation of Kinesin-2 delays nuclear envelope breakdown resulting in prolonged prophase. Altogether these findings suggest that endosomal transport at the onset of mitosis is required to control timing of nuclear envelope breakdown.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kakegawa W, Katoh A, Narumi S, Miura E, Motohashi J, Takahashi A, Kohda K, Fukazawa Y, Yuzaki M, Matsuda S. Optogenetic Control of Synaptic AMPA Receptor Endocytosis Reveals Roles of LTD in Motor Learning. Neuron 2018; 99:985-998.e6. [PMID: 30122381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Long-term depression (LTD) of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPA receptor)-mediated synaptic transmission has been proposed as a cellular substrate for learning and memory. Although activity-induced AMPA receptor endocytosis is believed to underlie LTD, it remains largely unclear whether LTD and AMPA receptor endocytosis at specific synapses are causally linked to learning and memory in vivo. Here we developed a new optogenetic tool, termed PhotonSABER, which enabled the temporal, spatial, and cell-type-specific control of AMPA receptor endocytosis at active synapses, while the basal synaptic properties and other forms of synaptic plasticity were unaffected. We found that fiberoptic illumination to Purkinje cells expressing PhotonSABER in vivo inhibited cerebellar motor learning during adaptation of the horizontal optokinetic response and vestibulo-ocular reflex, as well as synaptic AMPA receptor decrease in the flocculus. Our results demonstrate that LTD and AMPA receptor endocytosis at specific neuronal circuits were directly responsible for motor learning in vivo. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kakegawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Katoh
- Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Sakae Narumi
- Department of Physiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
| | - Eriko Miura
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Junko Motohashi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akiyo Takahashi
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kohda
- Department of Physiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yugo Fukazawa
- Department of Anatomy, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center (BLSC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Serfass JM, Takahashi Y, Zhou Z, Kawasawa YI, Liu Y, Tsotakos N, Young MM, Tang Z, Yang L, Atkinson JM, Chroneos ZC, Wang HG. Endophilin B2 facilitates endosome maturation in response to growth factor stimulation, autophagy induction, and influenza A virus infection. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10097-10111. [PMID: 28455444 PMCID: PMC5473216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.792747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis, and the subsequent trafficking of endosomes, requires dynamic physical alterations in membrane shape that are mediated in part by endophilin proteins. The endophilin B family of proteins contains an N-terminal Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (N-BAR) domain that induces membrane curvature to regulate intracellular membrane dynamics. Whereas endophilin B1 (SH3GLB1/Bif-1) is known to be involved in a number of cellular processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and endocytosis, the cellular function of endophilin B2 (SH3GLB2) is not well understood. In this study, we used genetic approaches that revealed that endophilin B2 is not required for embryonic development in vivo but that endophilin B2 deficiency impairs endosomal trafficking in vitro, as evidenced by suppressed endosome acidification, EGFR degradation, autophagic flux, and influenza A viral RNA nuclear entry and replication. Mechanistically, although the loss of endophilin B2 did not affect endocytic internalization and lysosomal function, endophilin B2 appeared to regulate the trafficking of endocytic vesicles and autophagosomes to late endosomes or lysosomes. Moreover, we also found that despite having an intracellular localization and tissue distribution similar to endophilin B1, endophilin B2 is dispensable for mitochondrial apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that endophilin B2 positively regulates the endocytic pathway in response to growth factor signaling, autophagy induction, and viral entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhixiang Zhou
- the Department of Pediatrics
- the College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- From the Department of Pharmacology
- the Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Ying Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zissis C Chroneos
- the Department of Pediatrics
- the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology,
- the Department of Pediatrics
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arumugam S, Kaur A. The Lipids of the Early Endosomes: Making Multimodality Work. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1053-1060. [PMID: 28374483 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Early endosomes are dynamic intracellular compartments that fuse with incoming endocytic carrier vesicles and associated cargoes from the plasma membrane. It has been long known that the chemical structures of lipids confer striking properties and rich biochemistry on bilayers. Although the organisational principles of the plasma membrane are relatively better understood, understanding endosomal membranes has been challenging. It has become increasingly apparent that endosomal membranes, because of their lipid compositions and interactions, use distinct lipid chemistries. We discuss the biochemical and biophysical phenomena in play at the early endosomal membrane. We focus on cholesterol, phosphoinositides, and phosphatidylserine and their clear roles in endosome functions. We discuss the various principles and mechanisms underpinning how these lipids are implicated at the functional level in the working of endosomes, and we summarise early endosomes as a multimodal organelle employing distinct lipid-specific mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Arumugam
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node for Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node for Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hinde E, Thammasiraphop K, Duong HTT, Yeow J, Karagoz B, Boyer C, Gooding JJ, Gaus K. Pair correlation microscopy reveals the role of nanoparticle shape in intracellular transport and site of drug release. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:81-89. [PMID: 27618255 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle size, surface charge and material composition are known to affect the uptake of nanoparticles by cells. However, whether nanoparticle shape affects transport across various barriers inside the cell remains unclear. Here we used pair correlation microscopy to show that polymeric nanoparticles with different shapes but identical surface chemistries moved across the various cellular barriers at different rates, ultimately defining the site of drug release. We measured how micelles, vesicles, rods and worms entered the cell and whether they escaped from the endosomal system and had access to the nucleus via the nuclear pore complex. Rods and worms, but not micelles and vesicles, entered the nucleus by passive diffusion. Improving nuclear access, for example with a nuclear localization signal, resulted in more doxorubicin release inside the nucleus and correlated with greater cytotoxicity. Our results therefore demonstrate that drug delivery across the major cellular barrier, the nuclear envelope, is important for doxorubicin efficiency and can be achieved with appropriately shaped nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hinde
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kitiphume Thammasiraphop
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Hien T T Duong
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Bunyamin Karagoz
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are subcellular regions where the membranes of distinct organelles come into close apposition. These specialized areas of the cell, which are involved in inter-organelle metabolite exchange, are scaffolded by specific complexes. STARD3 [StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein)-related lipid transfer domain-3] and its close paralogue STARD3NL (STARD3 N-terminal like) are involved in the formation of contacts between late-endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The lipid transfer protein (LTP) STARD3 and STARD3NL, which are both anchored on the limiting membrane of late endosomes (LEs), interact with ER-anchored VAP [VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)-associated protein] (VAP-A and VAP-B) proteins. This direct interaction allows ER-endosome contact formation. STARD3 or STARD3NL-mediated ER-endosome contacts, which affect endosome dynamics, are believed to be involved in cholesterol transport.
Collapse
|
14
|
Vidal F, Vásquez P, Díaz C, Nova D, Alderete J, Guzmán L. Mechanism of PAMAM Dendrimers Internalization in Hippocampal Neurons. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3395-3403. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Vidal
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological
Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Pilar Vásquez
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological
Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Carola Díaz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Daniela Nova
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological
Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Joel Alderete
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Leonardo Guzmán
- Laboratory
of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological
Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Miao F, Uchinomiya S, Ni Y, Chang YT, Wu J. Development of pH-Responsive BODIPY Probes for Staining Late Endosome in Live Cells. Chempluschem 2016; 81:1209-1215. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Miao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shohei Uchinomiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Graduate school of Kyushu University; 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8152 Japan
| | - Yong Ni
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; 11 Biopolis Way, # 02-02 Helios Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; 11 Biopolis Way, # 02-02 Helios Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering; A*STAR; 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 117602 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Juliano RL. The delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:6518-48. [PMID: 27084936 PMCID: PMC5001581 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The oligonucleotide therapeutics field has seen remarkable progress over the last few years with the approval of the first antisense drug and with promising developments in late stage clinical trials using siRNA or splice switching oligonucleotides. However, effective delivery of oligonucleotides to their intracellular sites of action remains a major issue. This review will describe the biological basis of oligonucleotide delivery including the nature of various tissue barriers and the mechanisms of cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of oligonucleotides. It will then examine a variety of current approaches for enhancing the delivery of oligonucleotides. This includes molecular scale targeted ligand-oligonucleotide conjugates, lipid- and polymer-based nanoparticles, antibody conjugates and small molecules that improve oligonucleotide delivery. The merits and liabilities of these approaches will be discussed in the context of the underlying basic biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolph L Juliano
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy and UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Klinger SC, Siupka P, Nielsen MS. Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:288-306. [PMID: 26154780 PMCID: PMC4584283 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transport between the endoplasmatic reticulum, the Golgi-network, the endo-lysosomal system and the cell surface can be categorized as anterograde or retrograde, describing traffic that goes forward or backward, respectively. Traffic going from the plasma membrane to endosomes and lysosomes or the trans-Golgi network (TGN) constitutes the major retrograde transport routes. Several transmembrane proteins undergo retrograde transport as part of a recycling mechanism that contributes to reutilization and maintenance of a steady-state protein localization. In addition, some receptors are hijacked by exotoxins and used for entry and intracellular transport. The physiological relevance of retrograde transport cannot be overstated. Retrograde trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein determines the distribution between organelles, and hence the possibility of cleavage by γ-secretase. Right balancing of the pathways is critical for protection against Alzheimer’s disease. During embryonic development, retrograde transport of Wntless to the TGN is essential for the following release of Wnt from the plasma membrane. Furthermore, overexpression of Wntless has been linked to oncogenesis. Here, we review relevant aspects of the retrograde trafficking of mammalian transmembrane receptors and transporters, with focus on the retromer-mediated transport between endosomes and the TGN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stine C Klinger
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Piotr Siupka
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Morten S Nielsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of oligonucleotides. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 87:35-45. [PMID: 25881722 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligonucleotides manifest much promise as potential therapeutic agents. However, understanding of how oligonucleotides function within living organisms is still rather limited. A major concern in this regard is the mechanisms of cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of both 'free' oligonucleotides and oligonucleotides associated with various polymeric or nanocarrier delivery systems. Here we review basic aspects of the mechanisms of endocytosis and intracellular trafficking and how insights from these processes can be used to understand oligonucleotide delivery. In particular we discuss opportunities for escape of oligonucleotides from endomembrane compartments and describe recent studies using small molecules to enhance oligonucleotide effects.
Collapse
|
19
|
Entry of a novel marine DNA virus, Singapore grouper iridovirus, into host cells occurs via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis in a pH-dependent manner. J Virol 2014; 88:13047-63. [PMID: 25165116 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01744-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Iridoviruses are nucleocytoplasmic DNA viruses which cause great economic losses in the aquaculture industry but also show significant threat to global biodiversity. However, a lack of host cells has resulted in poor progress in clarifying iridovirus behavior. We investigated the crucial events during virus entry using a combination of single-virus tracking and biochemical assays, based on the established virus-cell infection model for Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). SGIV infection in host cells was strongly inhibited when cells were pretreated with drugs blocking clathrin-mediated endocytosis, including sucrose and chlorpromazine. Inhibition of key regulators of macropinocytosis, including Na(+)/H(+) exchanger, Rac1 GTPase, p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), protein kinase C (PKC), and myosin II, significantly reduced SGIV uptake. Cy5-labeled SGIV particles were observed to colocalize with clathrin and macropinosomes. In contrast, disruption of cellular cholesterol by methyl-β-cyclodextrin and nystatin had no effect on virus infection, suggesting that SGIV entered grouper cells via the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway and macropinocytosis but not via caveola-dependent endocytosis. Furthermore, inhibitors of endosome acidification such as chloroquine and bafilomycin A1 blocked virus infection, indicating that SGIV entered cells in a pH-dependent manner. In addition, SGIV particles were observed to be transported along both microtubules and actin filaments, and intracellular SGIV motility was remarkably impaired by depolymerization of microtubules or actin filaments. The results of this study for the first time demonstrate that not only the clathrin-dependent pathway but also macropinocytosis are involved in fish DNA enveloped virus entry, thus providing a convenient tactic for exploring the life cycle of DNA viruses. IMPORTANCE Virus entry into host cells is critically important for initiating infections and is usually recognized as an ideal target for the design of antiviral strategies. Iridoviruses are large DNA viruses which cause serious threats to ecological diversity and the aquaculture industry worldwide. However, the current understanding of iridovirus entry is limited and controversial. Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a novel marine fish DNA virus which belongs to genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae. Here, using single-virus tracking technology in combination with biochemical assays, we investigated the crucial events during SGIV entry and demonstrated that SGIV entered grouper cells via the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway in a pH-dependent manner but not via caveola-dependent endocytosis. Furthermore, we propose for the first time that macropinocytosis is involved in iridovirus entry. Together, this work not only contributes greatly to understating iridovirus pathogenesis but also provides an ideal model for exploring the behavior of DNA viruses in living cells.
Collapse
|