1
|
Heidari H, Lawrence DA. An integrative exploration of environmental stressors on the microbiome-gut-brain axis and immune mechanisms promoting neurological disorders. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2024; 27:233-263. [PMID: 38994870 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2024.2378406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome-gut-brain axis is altered by environmental stressors such as heat, diet, and pollutants as well as microbes in the air, water, and soil. These stressors might alter the host's microbiome and symbiotic relationship by modifying the microbial composition or location. Compartmentalized mutualistic microbes promote the beneficial interactions in the host leading to circulating metabolites and hormones such as insulin and leptin that affect inter-organ functions. Inflammation and oxidative stress induced by environmental stressors may alter the composition, distribution, and activities of the microbes in the microbiomes such that the resultant metabolite and hormone changes are no longer beneficial. The microbiome-gut-brain axis and immune adverse changes that may accompany environmental stressors are reviewed for effects on innate and adaptive immune cells, which may make host immunity less responsive to pathogens and more reactive to self-antigens. Cardiovascular and fluid exchanges to organs might adversely alter organ functionality. Organs, especially the brain, need a consistent supply of nutrients and clearance of debris; disruption of these exchanges by stressors, and involvement of gut microbiome are discussed regarding neural dysfunctions with Alzheimer's disease, autistic spectrum disorders, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. The focus of this review includes the manner in which environmental stressors may disrupt gut microbiota leading to adverse immune and hormonal influences on development of neuropathology related to hyperhomocysteinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and how certain therapeutics may be beneficial. Strategies are explored to lessen detrimental effects of environmental stressors on central and peripheral health navigated toward (1) understanding neurological disorders and (2) promoting environmental and public health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Heidari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ghahri A, Saboji M, Hatami H, Ranjbar A, Salimi A, Seydi E. Apigenin ameliorates petrol vapors-induced oxidative stress as occupational and environmental pollutants in rats: An in vivo study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2024; 79:143-151. [PMID: 39169800 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2024.2394418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Petrol vapors as important occupational and environmental pollutants can cause oxidative stress and may play a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases along with the risk factors involved. This research is designed as a preliminary study to evaluate the protective effects of apigenin (APG) on oxidative stress caused by petrol vapors inhalation in rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups inside the inhalation chamber. Body weight changes and oxidative stress markers were investigated. The average body weight of the group exposed to petrol vapors was significantly lower compared to the other groups. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), content of oxidized-glutathione (GSSG), and Malondialdehyde were found to be higher in the petrol-inhaled group, while the content of reduced-glutathione (GSH) was lower compared to the other groups. APG administration did result in any significant improvement in these toxicities induced by petrol vapor. APG administration may ameliorate the petrol-induced oxidative stress. In chronic exposures, in addition to personal protection and engineering control, the use of compounds of natural origin may help in reducing the side effects (such as CNS) caused by exposure to petrol vapors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ghahri
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Saboji
- Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosna Hatami
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Amir Ranjbar
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Enayatollah Seydi
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eun DM, Han YS, Nam I, Chang Y, Lee S, Park JH, Gong SY, Youn JS. Ambient volatile organic compounds in the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea: Chemical reactivity, risks and source apportionment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118749. [PMID: 38522743 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The chemical reactivity, contribution of emission sources, and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere of the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA) were analyzed. Datasets collected from 6 photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) of SMA from 2018 to 2021 were used. Alkenes and aromatics contributed significantly to ozone formation relative to the emission concentrations, and aromatics accounted for most of the secondary organic aerosols (SOA) formation in the SMA. The contributions of ozone and SOA formation were found to be notably higher at measurement stations in residential areas such as Guwol (GW) and Sosabon (SS) compared to other measurement stations. From the results of an emission source analysis, it was confirmed that anthropogenic sources such as combustion sources, vehicle exhaust, fuel evaporation, and solvent use had a significant effect at all measurement stations. Assessing the health risk, non-carcinogenic compounds were at acceptable level at all measurement stations. On the other hand, carcinogenic compounds were approaching risk level (10-4), thereby demanding immediate attention. The level of exposure to carcinogenic compounds increased by age group, and male was more vulnerable than female. It was found that SS had the highest level of exposure to carcinogens in the atmosphere of the population ages 60 or older. The health threat of the SMA population is expected due to direct exposure from inhalation of ambient toxic compounds and indirect exposure from ozone and PM2.5 formations through oxidation of VOCs. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing specific emission sources within the metropolitan area and developing comprehensive regional strategies to mitigate VOCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Mee Eun
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sung Han
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Ilkwon Nam
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - YuWoon Chang
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - Sepyo Lee
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoo Park
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - Sung Yong Gong
- Climate, Air Quality and Safety Research Group/Division for Atmospheric Environment, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong, 30147, South Korea
| | - Jong-Sang Youn
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dehghani F, Yousefinejad S, Mobaraki N, Nekoeinia M, Hemmateenejad B. Rapid determination of hippuric acid as an exposure biomarker of toluene using a colorimetric assay and comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9935. [PMID: 38688900 PMCID: PMC11061108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to toluene is associated with health risks that require reliable monitoring methods. Hippuric acid (HA), a urinary metabolite of toluene, serves as a valuable biomarker for such exposure. Colorimetric methods for the quantitative determination of HA have gained prominence due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for field application. In the present study, a simple colorimetric technique was optimized for the determination of HA in the urine sample, and compared with a usual HPLC technique. The central composite design (CCD) was applied to examine the effective parameters on the colorimetric determination of HA. The calibration curve for HA was established within the concentration range of 6 to 100 mg L-1 with R2 = 0.97. The detection limit (LOD) and quantification limit (LOQ) were determined to be 1.8 mg L-1 and 6 mg L-1 respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) was less than 5%, and the recovery% (R%) was 90.5-100.1. The overall results showed good agreement between the colorimetric and HPLC results. There was a significant relationship between the results obtained from HPLC and colorimetric methods especially for higher concentration levels of HA (≥ 500 mg/g creatinine). In conclusion, our optimized colorimetric method is a simple, cost-effective, and rapid method for determination of HA in occupational exposure, which is comparable with the HPLC technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nabiollah Mobaraki
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Technology Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mohsen Nekoeinia
- Soil and Water Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moghadasi A, Yousefinejad S, Soleimani E. False positives and false negatives in benzene biological monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117836. [PMID: 38065394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Benzene is a commonly used industrial chemical that is a significant environmental pollutant. Occupational health specialists and industrial toxicologists are concerned with determining the exact amount of exposure to chemicals in the workplace. There are two main approaches to assess chemical exposure; air monitoring and biological monitoring. Air monitoring has limitations, which biological monitoring overcomes and could be used as a supplement to it. However, there are several factors that influence biological monitoring results. It would be possible to assess exposure more accurately if these factors were taken into account. This study aimed to review published papers for recognizing and discussing parameters that could affect benzene biological monitoring. Two types of effects can be distinguished: positive and negative effects. Factors causing positive effects will increase the metabolite concentration in urine more than expected. Furthermore, the parameters that decrease the urinary metabolite level were referred to as false negatives. From the papers, sixteen influential factors were extracted that might affect benzene biological monitoring results. Identified factors were clarified in terms of their nature and mechanism of action. It is also important to note that some factors influence the quantity and quality of the influence of other factors. As a result of this study, a decision-making protocol was developed for interpreting the final results of benzene biological monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Moghadasi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Esmaeel Soleimani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matheson S, Fleck R, Lockwood T, Gill RL, Irga PJ, Torpy FR. Fuelling phytoremediation: gasoline degradation by green wall systems-a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118545-118555. [PMID: 37917253 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The capacity for indoor plants including green wall systems to remove specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is well documented in the literature; however under realistic settings, indoor occupants are exposed to a complex mixture of harmful compounds sourced from various emission sources. Gasoline vapour is one of the key sources of these emissions, with several studies demonstrating that indoor occupants in areas surrounding gasoline stations or with residentially attached garages are exposed to far higher concentrations of harmful VOCs. Here we assess the potential of a commercial small passive green wall system, commercially named the 'LivePicture Go' from Ambius P/L, Australia, to drawdown VOCs that comprise gasoline vapour, including total VOC (TVOC) removal and specific removal of individual speciated VOCs over time. An 8-h TVOC removal efficiency of 42.45% was achieved, along with the complete removal of eicosane, 1,2,3-trimethyl-benzene, and hexadecane. Further, the green wall also effectively reduced concentrations of a range of harmful benzene derivatives and other VOCs. These results demonstrate the potential of botanical systems to simultaneously remove a wide variety of VOCs, although future research is needed to improve upon and ensure efficiency of these systems over time and within practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Matheson
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group (PEQR), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
| | - Robert Fleck
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group (PEQR), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Thomas Lockwood
- Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (HyMaS), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Raissa L Gill
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group (PEQR), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Productive Coasts, Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Peter J Irga
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group (PEQR), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Fraser R Torpy
- Plants and Environmental Quality Research Group (PEQR), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan W, Cheng Y, Feng M, Liu P, Wang L, Liu Y, Cao QE, Zheng LY. Lanthanide Metal-Organic Framework Isomers with Novel Water-Boosting Lanthanide Luminescence Behaviors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41977-41991. [PMID: 37606315 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) with exceptional optical performance and structural diversity offer a unique platform for the development of luminescent materials. However, Ln-MOFs often suffer from luminescence quenching by high-vibrating oscillators, especially in aqueous solution. Thus, multiple strategies have been adopted to improve the luminescence of Ln3+. Anomalous research about water-induced lanthanide luminescence enhancement of Ln-MOFs is in the primary stage. Here, two Eu-based metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) isomers named QXBA-Eu-1 and QXBA-Eu-2 were constructed by using the same ligand under different solvent thermal conditions, which exhibited distinctive water- and methanol-boosting emission behaviors. As for QXBA-Eu-1, water and methanol molecules replaced the free N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) molecules in the framework, repressed the rotation or libration suppression of the QXBA linker, and formed hydrogen bonds with the coordinated water molecules, which suppressed the O-H high-energy vibrations, reduced nonradiative transitions, stabilized the T1 state, and facilitated the intersystem crossing (ISC) process. For QXBA-Eu-2, water molecules tended to replace the coordinated DMA ligands, which altered the S1 and T1 energy levels of the ligand and facilitated the ligand-to-metal energy transfer (LMET) process and strengthened the luminescence of Eu3+. Importantly, free solvent molecules and the hydroxylation of Eu3+ centers also restrained the rotation or libration of the QXBA linker, by which the nonradiative transition was further inhibited and the lanthanide luminescence enhanced. Thus, this work not only opened an unprecedented path to enhance lanthanide luminescence in aqueous solution but also expanded its application scope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Fan
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Mingxia Feng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Longjie Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiong Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-E Cao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Li-Yan Zheng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li W, Zhao D, Li W, Wen R, Liu X, Liu L, Li T, Fan L. Chemorobust dye-encapsulated framework as dual-emission self-calibrating ratiometric sensor for intelligent detection of toluene exposure biomarker in urine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 296:122637. [PMID: 36989693 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
By taking advantages of confinement effect can effectively prevent dye aggregation caused luminescent quenching, Eosin Y (EY) was encapsulated into a chemorobust porous CoMOF as secondary fluorescent signal to construct the dual-emitting sensor of EY@CoMOF. And the photo-induced electron transfer from CoMOF to EY molecules induced EY@CoMOF presenting a weak blue emission at 421 nm and a strong yellow emission at 565 nm. Those dual-emission features also endow EY@CoMOF itself great potentials as a self-calibrating ratiometric sensor in visually and efficiently monitoring hippuric acid (HA) in urine, with fast response, high sensitivity and selectivity, excellent recyclable, and low LOD (0.24 μg/mL). Furthermore, based on a tandem combinational logic gate, an intelligent detection system was designed to improve the practicability and convenience of HA detection in urine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of dye@MOF based sensor for HA detection. And this work provides a promising approach for developing dye@MOF based sensors to intelligent detect bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Wencui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Rongmei Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Liying Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | - Liming Fan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials, Shanxi Coal Mine Water Treatment Technology Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saldaña-Villanueva K, Méndez-Rodríguez KB, Zamora-Mendoza BN, Gómez-Gómez A, Díaz-Barriga F, Pérez-Vázquez FJ. Health effects of informal precarious workers in occupational environments with high exposure to pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27769-6. [PMID: 37247138 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27769-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim is to investigate and describe the health conditions of workers who are employed in precarious work settings in Mexico. Specifically, the study aims to provide insight on the health status of workers who are vulnerable due to the informal nature of their employment. Through the evaluation of three different scenarios of precarious employment (n = 110), including workers in mercury miner (workers A), brick-kilns (workers B), and quarries workers (workers C). The study analyzes clinical parameters to determine the workers' renal health condition and assesses their pulmonary function using spirometry. Multivariate analyses and Spearman correlation are performed to determine the contribution of length of service to workers' health parameters. Workers B have the highest incidence of clinical health alterations, with the highest BMI and prediabetes/diabetes index, albumin creatinine ratio, and eGFR. Moreover, pulmonary function parameters show a decrease in %FEV1/FVC in workers B and C compared to workers A, while workers A demonstrate a more significant decrease in %FEV1. Additionally, a negative correlation is observed between the length of service in precarious work settings and lung parameters (r = -0.538, p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study highlights the need to address the issue of precarious employment in Mexico by improving working conditions, access to healthcare and promoting social protection for workers, which can reduce the number of work-related illnesses and deaths and ensure the safety and health of workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Saldaña-Villanueva
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 550 Sierra Leona Av., CP 78210, Col. Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Karen Beatriz Méndez-Rodríguez
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 550 Sierra Leona Av., CP 78210, Col. Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | | | - Fernando Díaz-Barriga
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 550 Sierra Leona Av., CP 78210, Col. Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 550 Sierra Leona Av., CP 78210, Col. Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao D, Li W, Wen R, Lei N, Li W, Liu X, Zhang X, Fan L. Eu(III)-Functionalized MOF-Based Dual-Emission Ratiometric Sensor Integrated with Logic Gate Operation for Efficient Detection of Hippuric Acid in Urine and Serum. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2715-2725. [PMID: 36706037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
With the introduction of Eu3+ ions as the secondary fluorescent signal reporter and sensing active sites, a dual-emission ratiometric sensor of Eu3+@NiMOF (Eu3+ functional NiMOF) for hippuric acid (HA) detection in urine and serum was fabricated via the postsynthetic encapsulating strategy. Based on the two emission signals at 441 nm (turn-on) and 628 nm (turn-off), the produced Eu3+@NiMOF ratiometric sensor provided enhanced sensitivity, higher selectivity, and 9.7 times lower limits of detection (LOD) for the detection of HA (2.38 μM, 0.42 μg·mL-1) than that of the pristine NiMOF. Considering the high sensitivity and visualization results, further exploration of intelligent applications in the HA sensing process was carried out by constructing a tandem combinational logic gate to improve the practicability and convenience with the help of a smartphone. This work provides a promising approach for developing MOF-based ratiometric sensors to detect biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Rongmei Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Nana Lei
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Wencui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Xiutang Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
| | - Liming Fan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Based Electrode Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Owagboriaye F, Aina S, Oladunjoye R, Salisu T, Adenekan A, Aladesida A, Dedeke G. Nephrotoxicity of gasoline fumes in male albino rat: a mechanism-based approach study. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2131635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Folarin Owagboriaye
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Sulaimon Aina
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Rasheed Oladunjoye
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Titilola Salisu
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Adedamola Adenekan
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka Aladesida
- Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel Dedeke
- Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hao P, Ren D, Yang L, Liu Z, Du H. Occupational Exposures and Health Risks of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes (BTX) in Automobile Repair Industry in Beijing City, China. Asia Pac J Public Health 2022; 34:778-785. [PMID: 36205352 DOI: 10.1177/10105395221131121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the occupational health risks of benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) exposure in the automobile repair industry in Beijing city in China. The concentrations of BTX were monitored at 140 operating positions of 51 randomly selected automobile repair enterprises in 2018. Samples analysis showed that all monitoring concentrations were not higher than the occupational exposure limits. The long-term exposure concentration ranges of benzene, toluene, and xylenes were 0.1 to 0.3, 0.1 to 49.7, and 0.2 to 49.5 mg/m3, respectively. The short-term exposure concentration ranges of benzene, toluene, and xylenes were 0.1 to 0.3, 0.1 to 98.7, and 0.2 to 100.0 mg/m3, respectively. But assessment results revealed unneglectable occupational health risks, especially the combined health risks of BTX exposure. Thereafter, effective control and improvement measures were put forward, including strengthening the management of the production, sale, and use of vehicle paints and coatings; improving ventilation; and implementing hierarchical management measures for occupational health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Hao
- School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- School of Management and Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Du
- Occupational Hazard Research Institute, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rahimpoor R, Sarvi F, Rahimnejad S, Ebrahimi SM. Occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene in West Asian countries: a brief review of current state and limits. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:107-118. [PMID: 35792774 PMCID: PMC9287831 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of introducing occupational exposure limits (OELs) is to use them as a risk management tool in order to protect workers' health and well-being against harmful agents at the workplace. In this review we identify OELs for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and styrene concentrations in air and assess occupational exposure to these compounds through a systematic literature search of publications published in West Asian countries from 1980 to 2021. OELs for BTEX and styrene have been set in Iran and Turkey to levels similar to those in European countries and the US. The search yielded 49 full-text articles that cover studies of exposure assessment in six countries, but most (n=40) regard Iran. Average occupational exposure to benzene of workers in oil-related industries is higher than recommended OEL, while average occupational exposure to other compounds is lower than local OELs (where they exist). Currently, information about levels of occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene is insufficient in West Asian countries, which should be remedied through OEL regulation and application. Furthermore, coherent research is also needed to determine actual levels of occupational exposure, dose-responses, and the economic and technical capacity of local industries to address current issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razzagh Rahimpoor
- Larestan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Evaz Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Research Center for Health Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sarvi
- Larestan University of Medical Sciences, School of Health, Department of Public Health, Larestan, Iran
| | - Samira Rahimnejad
- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ebrahimi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Pharmacy School, Department of Toxicology, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li B, Huang Y, Guo D, Liu Y, Liu Z, Han JC, Zhao J, Zhu X, Huang Y, Wang Z, Xing B. Environmental risks of disposable face masks during the pandemic of COVID-19: Challenges and management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153880. [PMID: 35189225 PMCID: PMC8855619 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, face mask (FM) has been recognized as an effective measure to reduce the infection, increasing its consumption across the world. However, the large amount of at-home FM usage changed traditional medical waste management practices, lack of improper management. Currently, few studies estimate FM consumption at a global scale, not to say a comprehensive investigation on the environmental risks of FM from a life cycle perspective. Therefore, global FM consumption and its associated environmental risks are clarified in the present study. Our result shows that 449.5 billion FMs were consumed from January 2020 to March 2021, with an average of 59.4 FMs per person worldwide. This review also provides a basis to understand the environmental risk of randomly disposed of FM and highlights the urgent requirement for the attention of FMs waste management to prevent pollution in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuxiong Huang
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Dengting Guo
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yuzhi Liu
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Jing-Cheng Han
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Centre, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Yuefei Huang
- Water Research Center, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Process and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Miao L, Wang B, Zhang J, Yin L, Pu Y. Plasma metabolomic profiling in workers with noise-induced hearing loss: a pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68539-68550. [PMID: 34275074 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains a leading occupational related disease and is a serious public health problem. Hence, the identification of potential biomarkers for NIHL prevention and diagnosis has become an urgent work. To discover potential metabolic biomarkers of NIHL, plasma metabolomics analysis in 62 NIHL patients and 62 normal hearing controls was performed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS). Orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was applied to distinguish metabolite profile alterations in plasma samples between the two groups. The metabolites with a variable importance of projection (VIP) value > 1 and P value < 0.05 were considered to be potential metabolic biomarkers. KEGG database was performed to explore the involved pathways of potential biomarkers. Three autophagy-related genes (PI3K, AKT, and ATG5) were selected for further verification, and mRNA levels were detected using RT-qPCR analysis. Twenty plasma metabolites with VIP > 1 and P < 0.05 were significantly altered between the two groups. Totally, seven metabolic pathways involving the glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, autophagy pathway, choline metabolism, the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism, and retrograde endocannabinoid pathway were significantly related to NIHL. Furthermore, verification by RT-qPCR suggested that the mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT along with ATG5 were significantly lower in the NIHL patients compared with controls. In summary, the present study provides the first evidence that the identified aberrantly altered metabolites may be the potentially valuable biomarkers of NIHL for occupational noise-exposed workers. Autophagy signal pathway may be involved in the occurrence and development of NIHL. Moreover, this present study may be helpful to further better understand the metabolic changes in NIHL and be helpful for the understanding of pathogenic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Miao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Boshen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oginawati K, Anka AAH, Susetyo SH, Febriana SA, Tanziha I, Prakoeswa CRS. Urinary hippuric acid level as a biological indicator of toluene exposure on batik workers. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07775. [PMID: 34430750 PMCID: PMC8371212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary hippuric acid (uHA) is one of the biomonitoring parameters of toxic organic exposure, such as toluene. Repeated exposure to a low concentration of toluene may lead to chronic effects such as central nervous system damage. In the preliminary study, toluene was found in the batik industry's working area in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study aims to assess the health condition of batik workers to toluene exposure based on the concentration of uHA. There were 52 respondents divided into 2 groups: the batik workers as the exposed group (30 respondents) and the non-batik workers as the control group (22 respondents). The urine sample was taken from batik workers at the end of the shift, and uHA was measured using spectrophotometry. The uHA value was corrected with urinary creatinine. The results showed that the average uHA concentration of batik workers was higher than that of the control group. The result also showed that workers with more than 2 years working period, writing workers, and stamping workers give an Odds Ratio (OR) of 6.43, 6.75, and 9.00 respectively on having a higher concentration of uHA. Workers with toluene exposure symptoms were also having a higher concentration of uHA than workers without any symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Oginawati
- Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Artsani Hanif Anka
- Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Septian Hadi Susetyo
- Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Sri Awalia Febriana
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ikeu Tanziha
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alses M, Alzeer S. Evaluation of some biological parameters of gasoline station attendants in Damascus, Syria. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07056. [PMID: 34041401 PMCID: PMC8144008 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gasoline is a blend of organic compounds used in internal combustion engines. gasoline station attendants (GSA) are exposed to gasoline vapours, which promotes oxidative stress through the production of ROS, which can damage biological structures with the formation of new metabolites which can be used as markers of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. This is a comparative cross-sectional study. This study aims to evaluate some biological parameters as indicators of toxicity as a result of exposure to gasoline in workers at gas stations in Damascus. Methods Blood samples were collected from GSA (n = 30) and non-exposed (NE) (n = 30) with no history of occupational exposure, and the following markers of oxidative stress were analysed: malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), catalase activity (CAT), CBC, ALT and AST. Results We have found that the levels of MDA, AOPP, CAT, RBC and Hgb in GSA were significantly higher than NE (p = 0.000, p = 0.02, p = 0.002, p = 0.018 and p = 0.015 respectively). On the other hand, there were no statistically significant (p > 0.05) in HCT, MCV, WBC, PLT, ALT and AST between the two groups. In the GSA group, there was no effect of the smoking habit and the number of years of work on biological parameters, but alcohol consumption habit had a clear effect on increasing both levels of MDA and CAT (P = 0.021 and P = 0.036 respectively), in comparison to the non-consumers of the alcohol group. The results from our study showed that chronic gasoline exposure may result in long-lasting oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the presence of statistically significant correlations between gasoline exposure and levels of biomarkers (MDA, AOPPs, Catalase activity). Conclusions the early identification of these biomarkers can be very useful to promote programs on health protection and prevention for those populations more susceptible to the adverse effects of gasoline exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alses
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Samar Alzeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ribeiro-Júnior FH, Silveira AT, de Faria HD, Dos Reis Giusto LA, Pissetti FL, Martins I. Multivariate Optimization of an SPME Technique for GC-MS Analysis of Urinary BTX. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:201-207. [PMID: 33993236 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX), are recognized as environmental contaminants due to their acute and chronic toxic effects, and toluene is a substance contained in products used in inhalants. In this way, methods able to determine these substances in non-invasive matrices offer great applicability for assessing acute exposure. In this study, a functionalized polymer, chloropropyltrimethoxysilane/polydimethylsiloxane, was evaluated as a potential material to be used in solid-phase microextraction for the quantification of BTX in urine by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method optimization was performed by using fractional factorial planning 2 (4-1) and the Doehlert's experiment. Desorption time and salinity were the most important factors that impact the sensitivity of the method. Spectroscopic and thermogravimetric characterization demonstrated the functionalization of the material and its thermal stability up to 390°C. This allowed it to be used for ~60 analytical cycles without loss of efficiency. The proposed method demonstrated a satisfactory analytical performance to determine the VOCs studied. The protocol agrees with the principles of green analytical chemistry since the procedure reduced the reagents consumed and wastes generated. It represents a promising tool for acute exposure assessment to BTX since urine tests demonstrated its applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Henrique Ribeiro-Júnior
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Alberto Thalison Silveira
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Henrique Dipe de Faria
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Luana Aparecida Dos Reis Giusto
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz Pissetti
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Isarita Martins
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, Alfenas-MG 37130-001, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Davidson CJ, Hannigan JH, Bowen SE. Effects of inhaled combined Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes (BTEX): Toward an environmental exposure model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 81:103518. [PMID: 33132182 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combined environmental exposures to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX) pose clear risks to public health. Research into these risks is under-studied even as BTEX levels in the atmosphere are predicted to rise. This review focuses on the available literature using single- and combined-BTEX component inhaled solvent exposures in animal models, necessarily also drawing on findings from models of inhalant abuse and occupational exposures. Health effects of these exposures are discussed for multiple organ systems, but with particular attention on neurobehavioral outcomes such as locomotor activity, impulsivity, learning, and psychopharmacological responses. It is clear that animal models have significant differences in the concentrations, durations and patterns of exposure. Experimental evidence of the deleterious health and neurobehavioral consequences of exposures to the individual components of BTEX were found, but these effects were typically assessed using concentrations and exposure patterns not characteristic of environmental exposure. Future studies with animal models designed appropriately to explore combined BTEX will be necessary and advantageous to discovering health outcomes and more subtle neurobehavioral impacts of long-term environmental exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John H Hannigan
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child & Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Scott E Bowen
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rahimi Moghadam S, Afshari M, Ganjali A, Moosazadeh M. Effect of occupational exposure to petrol and gasoline components on liver and renal biochemical parameters among gas station attendants, a review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:517-530. [PMID: 32853169 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kidney and liver are of the most affected organs during permanent exposure to petrol and gasoline components in gas stations. This study aims to investigate the renal and liver involvements in these workers using meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, ISI web of science, and Google scholar motor engine were searched using Mesh terms of the relevant keywords. Screening of titles, abstracts and full texts was continued until the eligible articles meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was conducted using NOS (Newcastle-Ottawa Quality score). The pooled standard mean difference of the renal and liver indices between exposed/unexposed groups was estimated using Stata ver. 11 software. RESULTS In this systematic review, 22 papers were entered. The pooled standard mean difference (95% confidence interval) between exposed and unexposed groups was estimated as of 0.74 (0.28, 1.21) for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 2.44 (1.80, 3.08) for aspartate transaminase (AST), 2.06 (1.42, 2.69) for alanine transaminase (ALT), 0.10 (-0.09, 0.29) for total Bilirubin (TB), 0.74 (-0.42, -1.90) for total protein (TP), -0.49 (-0.82, -0.15) for albumin, 0.88 (-0.10, 1.87) for uric acid, 1.02 (0.45, 1.59) for creatinine and 1.44 (0.75, 2.13) for blood urea nitrogen (BUN). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed that the serum AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, total bilirubin, BUN, uric acid and creatinine levels were higher among workers exposed to petrol and gasoline than control group, while albumin was lower in the serum of the exposed workers. Therefore, occupational exposure to gasoline stations can create adverse effects on kidney and liver function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rahimi Moghadam
- Department of Occupational Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Ganjali
- Student Research Committee, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nephrotoxic effects caused by co-exposure to noise and toluene in New Zealand white rabbits: A biochemical and histopathological study. Life Sci 2020; 259:118254. [PMID: 32800833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biological and renal effects made by simultaneous and non-simultaneous exposure to toluene and noise were investigated. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 100 dB of white noise and 1000 ppm of toluene vapor for two weeks. The examined biochemical factors were urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and albumin serum levels, measured on different days after the end of the exposure. Moreover, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPX), malondialdehyde dismutase activity (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) parameters were measured in the kidney tissue. The hematoxylin and eosin staining method was used for histopathological experiments. Overall, the noise increased albumin, uric acid, creatinine, and glucose levels, but it decreased urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Toluene decreased albumin, uric acid, and urea levels, while it increased creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol, and glucose levels. Simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene decreased albumin, uric acid, cholesterol, and urea levels, whereas it increased creatinine, glucose, and triglyceride levels. GPX, MDA, and SOD levels increased by simultaneous and non-simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene. Furthermore, massive tubular degeneration, tubular cell vacuolization, glomerular disorganization, congestion, glomerular cell shrinkage, and unclear brush border were detected in the kidney tissue.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee J, Oh S, Kang H, Kim S, Lee G, Li L, Kim CT, An JN, Oh YK, Lim CS, Kim DK, Kim YS, Choi K, Lee JP. Environment-Wide Association Study of CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:766-775. [PMID: 32628126 PMCID: PMC7274289 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06780619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Exposure to environmental chemicals has been recognized as one of the possible contributors to CKD. We aimed to identify environmental chemicals that are associated with CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We analyzed the data obtained from a total of 46,748 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016). Associations of chemicals measured in urine or blood (n=262) with albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g), reduced eGFR (<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2), and a composite of albuminuria or reduced eGFR were tested and validated using the environment-wide association study approach. RESULTS Among 262 environmental chemicals, seven (3%) chemicals showed significant associations with increased risk of albuminuria, reduced eGFR, or the composite outcome. These chemicals included metals and other chemicals that have not previously been associated with CKD. Serum and urine cotinines, blood 2,5-dimethylfuran (a volatile organic compound), and blood cadmium were associated with albuminuria. Blood lead and cadmium were associated with reduced eGFR. Blood cadmium and lead and three volatile compounds (blood 2,5-dimethylfuran, blood furan, and urinary phenylglyoxylic acid) were associated with the composite outcome. A total of 23 chemicals, including serum perfluorooctanoic acid, seven urinary metals, three urinary arsenics, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate, three urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and seven volatile organic compounds, were associated with lower risks of one or more manifestations of CKD. CONCLUSIONS A number of chemicals were identified as potential risk factors for CKD among the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gowoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lilin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nam An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Werder EJ, Beier JI, Sandler DP, Falkner KC, Gripshover T, Wahlang B, Engel LS, Cave MC. Blood BTEXS and heavy metal levels are associated with liver injury and systemic inflammation in Gulf states residents. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 139:111242. [PMID: 32205228 PMCID: PMC7368391 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposures to volatile organic compounds and metals have previously been associated with liver diseases including steatohepatitis, although more data are needed. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, styrene (BTEXS) and metals were measured in blood samples collected between May 2012-July 2013 from volunteers participating in home visits for the Gulf Long-term Follow-up (GuLF) Study. This cross-sectional analysis evaluates associations of exposure biomarkers with serum liver injury and adipocytokine biomarkers in a sample of 214 men. METHODS Adult nonsmoking men without a history of liver disease or heavy alcohol consumption were included. The serologic disease biomarkers evaluated were the hepatocellular injury biomarker, cytokeratin 18 [whole (CK18 M65) and caspase-cleaved fragment (CK18 M30)]; and adipocytokines. Confounder-adjusted beta coefficients were determined using linear regression models for the overall sample (primary endpoints) and for obesity-classified sub-groups (secondary endpoints). A product interaction term between the exposure of interest and a dichotomized indicator of obesity was included to determine the disease modifying effects of obesity on the biomarker associations. RESULTS The study sample was 57% white and 51% obese. In the overall sample, lead was positively associated with CK18 M30 (β = 21.7 ± 6.0 (SE), p = 0.0004); IL-1β (β = 32.8 ± 5.2, p < 0.0001); IL-6 (β = 72.8 ± 18.3, p = 0.0001); and IL-8 (β = 140.8 ± 42.2, p = 0.001). Cadmium exposures were associated with increased IL-1β (β = 77.8 ± 26.3, p = 0.003) and IL-8 (β = 419.5 ± 201.2, p = 0.04). There were multiple significant interactions between obesity and exposure to lead, cadmium, benzene and toluene in relation to outcome biomarkers. Among obese participants (n = 108), benzene, lead, and cadmium were each positively associated with CK18 M30, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. In obese subjects, lead was also inversely associated with leptin, and toluene was positively associated with IL-1β. CONCLUSION For the overall sample, heavy metal exposures were associated with liver injury (lead only) and/or systemic inflammation (lead and cadmium). Obesity modified the associations between BTEXS and heavy metal exposures on several of the outcome variables. In the obesity subgroup, liver injury was positively associated with lead, cadmium and benzene exposures; systemic inflammation was increased with lead, cadmium, benzene, and toluene exposures; and leptin was inversely associated with lead exposures. The cross-sectional design of this study makes it difficult to determine causality, and all results should be interpreted cautiously. Nonetheless, the potential impact of exposures to lead, cadmium, benzene and toluene in steatohepatitis, an obesity-associated inflammatory liver disease, warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Werder
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Juliane I Beier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Keith C Falkner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tyler Gripshover
- Department Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine and the UofL Superfund Research Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine and the UofL Superfund Research Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, The UofL Superfund Research Center, The UofL Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, The UofL Alcohol Research Center and the Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY, 40206, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maurice L, López F, Becerra S, Jamhoury H, Le Menach K, Dévier MH, Budzinski H, Prunier J, Juteau-Martineau G, Ochoa-Herrera V, Quiroga D, Schreck E. Drinking water quality in areas impacted by oil activities in Ecuador: Associated health risks and social perception of human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:1203-1217. [PMID: 31470483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The unregulated oil exploitation in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon Region (NEAR), mainly from 1964 to the 90's, led to toxic compounds largely released into the environment. A large majority of people living in the Amazon region have no access to drinking water distribution systems and collects water from rain, wells or small streams. The concentrations of major ions, trace elements, PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) were analyzed in different water sources to evaluate the impacts of oil extraction and refining. Samples were taken from the NEAR and around the main refinery of the country (Esmeraldas Oil Refinery/State Oil Company of Ecuador) and were compared with domestic waters from the Southern region, not affected by petroleum activities. In most of the samples, microbiological analysis revealed a high level of coliforms representing significant health risks. All measured chemical compounds in waters were in line with national and international guidelines, except for manganese, zinc and aluminum. In several deep-water wells, close to oil camps, toluene concentrations were higher than the natural background while PAHs concentrations never exceeded individually 2 ng·L-1. Water ingestion represented 99% of the total exposure pathways for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic elements (mainly zinc) in adults and children, while 20% to 49% of the Total Cancer Risk was caused by arsenic concentrations. The health index (HI) indicates acceptable chronic effects for domestic use according the US-EPA thresholds. Nevertheless, these limits do not consider the cocktail effects of metallic and organic compounds. Furthermore, they do not include the social determinants of human exposure, such as socio-economic living conditions or vulnerability. Most (72%) of interviewed families knew sanitary risks but a discrepancy was observed between knowledge and action: religious beliefs, cultural patterns, information sources, experience and emotions play an important role front to exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Maurice
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse University, CNRS, IRD, 31400 Toulouse, France; Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Área de Salud, Toledo N22-80, P.O. Box 17-12-569, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Fausto López
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse University, CNRS, IRD, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvia Becerra
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse University, CNRS, IRD, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Hala Jamhoury
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Master Génie de l'Environnement, Switzerland
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- Bordeaux University - CNRS, EPOC UMR 5805, LPTC, F-33400 Talence, France
| | | | - Hélène Budzinski
- Bordeaux University - CNRS, EPOC UMR 5805, LPTC, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Jonathan Prunier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Bois, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Campus Agronomique de Kourou, 97387 Kourou, France; Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse University, CNRS, IRD, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Guilhem Juteau-Martineau
- Centre d'Études et de Recherches Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), Maison de la Recherche, Université de Toulouse, 31058 Toulouse, France
| | - Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, P.O. 17-0901, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 2759, USA
| | - Diego Quiroga
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, P.O. 17-0901, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse University, CNRS, IRD, 31400 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Syimir Fizal AN, Sohrab Hossain M, Alkarkhi AF, Oyekanmi AA, Hashim SRM, Khalil NA, Zulkifli M, Ahmad Yahaya AN. Assessment of the chemical hazard awareness of petrol tanker driver: A case study. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02368. [PMID: 31485542 PMCID: PMC6717159 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the tanker driver hazard awareness on chemical exposure is important to ensure that they are fortified with the appropriate information regarding the risk of their occupation. This present study was conducted to determine the awareness of the petrol tanker driver on the chemical exposure during transportation petroleum product. The assessment on hazardous awareness of the petrol tank driver was conducted through questionnaire survey. Wherein, the questionnaire was designed with considering the variables of age of the driver, working experience, working hours in a day and knowledge on chemical hazard presence in the petroleum oil. A reliability test of Cronbach's Alpha was performed to validate the questionnaire and the Chi-Square test was conducted to determine the correlation among the studied variables. The findings of the present study revealed that the drivers who are frequently come into direct contact with petrol cannot identify the spillage had occurred during working. The study identified that there is an urgency to conduct training on safe handling of petroleum oil in order to eliminate the risk of chemical hazards exposure to the tanker driver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Md. Sohrab Hossain
- Division of Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abbas F.M. Alkarkhi
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Adeleke Abdulrahman Oyekanmi
- Division of Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Afifah Khalil
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Muzafar Zulkifli
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Melaka, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Castaño BP, Ramírez V, Cancelado JA. Controlling Painters' Exposure to Volatile Organic Solvents in the Automotive Sector of Southern Colombia. Saf Health Work 2019; 10:355-361. [PMID: 31497333 PMCID: PMC6717832 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Painters in the automotive sector are routinely exposed to volatile organic solvents, and the levels vary depending on the occupational health and safety controls enforced at the companies. This study investigates the levels of exposure to organic vapors and the existence of controls in the formal economy sector in southern Colombia. Methods This is an exploratory study of an observational and descriptive character. An analysis of solvents is conducted via the personal sampling of painters and the analysis of samples using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1501 method. The amount of solvents analyzed varied according to the budget allocated by the companies. The person in charge of the occupational safety and health management system was interviewed to learn about the exposure controls implemented at the companies. Results A medium exposure risk for toluene was found in one company. Another presented medium risk for carbon tetrachloride, xylene, ethylbenzene, and n-butanol. The others showed low risk of exposure and that the controls implemented were not sufficient or efficient. Conclusion These results shed light on the working conditions of these tradespeople. The permissible limits established by Colombian regulations for the evaluated chemical contaminants were not exceeded. However, there were contaminants that exceeded the limits of action. The analysis of findings made it possible to propose improvements in occupational safety and health management systems to allow the optimization of working conditions for painters, prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases, and reduce costs to the country's health system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belky P Castaño
- Fundacion Universitaria Tecnologico Comfenalco, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
| | - Vladimir Ramírez
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Operations and Systems, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Cali, Colombia
| | - Julio A Cancelado
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Operations and Systems, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Cali, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zamanian Z, Sedaghat Z, Mehrifar Y. Harmful Outcome of Occupational Exposure to Petrol: Assessment of Liver Function and Blood Parameters among Gas Station Workers in Kermanshah City, Iran. Int J Prev Med 2018; 9:100. [PMID: 30533211 PMCID: PMC6238353 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_296_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Petrol is an integral ingredient in industrial world. According to the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, there are typically more than 150 chemicals in petrol, including small amounts of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, and trace amounts of some contaminants, such as lead. The aim of this study was to measure the possible deleterious effect of long-term exposure to petrol on blood parameters and liver function. Methods: This is a case–control study conducted on 160 participants. Among them, 80 participants worked in a gas station for at least 4 years and 80 participants appeared with no history of occupational exposure to petrol. Blood sample was taken at the time of admonition to the tardive office at each station at 10 AM to measure the association of number of total and differential leukocyte and liver functions. Results: Based on the results, significant reduction in total leukocyte numbers was found in exposed group compared to unexposed group (1347 ± 4.59, <0.001). However, there was a significant increase in neutrophil (75.9 ± 3.50 in exposed group compared with 58.9 ± 3.15 among unexposed group, P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in liver enzymes between both groups. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to petrol fumes has deleterious effect on white blood cells. A significant reduction in the number of total and differential lymphocyte seems to be attributed to the toxic effect of petrol ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zamanian
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Mehrifar
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun R, Xu K, Zhang Q, Jiang X, Man Z, Yin L, Zhang J, Pu Y. Plasma metabonomics investigation reveals involvement of fatty acid oxidation in hematotoxicity in Chinese benzene-exposed workers with low white blood cell count. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32506-32514. [PMID: 30238259 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is an environmental and occupational contaminant. Health hazards associated with occupational benzene exposure is a major public health problem in China. In this study, we analyzed metabolite profiles among plasma samples collected from benzene-exposed workers with low white blood cell count (BLWs) and healthy controls using high-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. To screen potential benzene hematotoxicity biomarkers and metabolic pathways, principal component analysis was used to examine metabolite profile changes in plasma samples. The alterations in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway were consistent with our previous findings in a mouse model; hence, two key genes were selected and verified in WBC samples. A total of nine identified metabolites were significantly changed in BLWs, which were involved in glutathione metabolism, porphyrin metabolism, lipid metabolism pathway, and FAO metabolism. Furthermore, compared with healthy controls, the mRNA expressions of carnitine acyltransferase (CRAT) and ACADVL were significantly increased in BLWs. Particularly, WBC counts was negatively correlated with the expression of AVADVL in BLWs. These aberrant metabolites could act as potential biomarkers for benzene hematotoxicity. In addition, fatty acid oxidation pathway may play a critical role in the development of hematotoxicity caused by benzene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoyun Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaodi Man
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Neghab M, Jalilian H, Taheri S, Tatar M, Haji Zadeh Z. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters of pesticide retailers following occupational exposure to a mixture of pesticides. Life Sci 2018; 202:182-187. [PMID: 29660432 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was undertaken to ascertain whether light occupational exposure to pesticides by retailers might be associated with any liver, kidney, nervous system dysfunction or hematological abnormalities. MAIN METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 70 male pesticide retailers (cases) and 64 male subjects, randomly selected from the constructions workers of city council contractors, as the referent group, were investigated. Urine and blood samples were taken from all subjects for urine analysis, hematological and biochemical parameters. Data analysis was conducted through SPSS v.19 using t-test and chi-square test. KEY FINDINGS The results of urine analysis showed that the frequency of abnormal urine tests was significantly higher in cases than in referent individuals. Similarly, the results of CBC showed that the mean values of monocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and platelet distribution width were significantly lower, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell distribution width were significantly higher in retailers. No significant differences were found for other parameters. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that an association exists between exposure to pesticides by retailers and early subtle and sub-clinical changes in the urine tests and hematological parameters. Engineering measures are recommended to eliminate exposure to pesticides and to prevent its associated outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Neghab
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Jalilian
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tatar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Haji Zadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Macedo VS, Bazzo KO, Crippa LB. Assessment of the biological effects of exposure to toxicants among workers at a metallurgical company in Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. Rev Bras Med Trab 2018; 16:175-184. [PMID: 32270082 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520180114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metallurgical workers are a high-risk population as a function of their occupational exposure to toxicants, such as heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons and silicate. Objective To investigate the occurrence of biological effects among workers exposed to toxicants in various areas of a metallurgical company in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study with 31 workers from 10 areas who responded a questionnaire on occupational and lifestyle habits. Blood and toxicology tests were compared to the questionnaire results. Results About 19.4% (n=6) of the sample did not use all the required personal protective equipment (PPE). Reduction of red blood cell parameters and leukocyte abnormalities were found, including leukocytosis, neutrophilia and eosinophilia, as well as in the blood lead levels. The following significant associations were found on analysis per work area: smoking and neutrophilia (p=0.000); work in the mold section and leukocytosis (p=0.023) and eosinophilia (p=0.007); and more than 10 years of work and leukocytosis (p=0.008). Conclusions The data suggest that length of work, type of exposure and use of PPE might cause changes in the results of laboratory tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Sesti Macedo
- Undergraduate Biomedicine Course, University Center of Serra Gaúcha - Caxias do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Karen Olivia Bazzo
- Undergraduate Biomedicine Course, University Center of Serra Gaúcha - Caxias do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Liziane Bertotti Crippa
- Undergraduate Biomedicine Course, University Center of Serra Gaúcha - Caxias do Sul (RS), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Silvestre RT, Delmonico L, Bravo M, Santiago F, Scherrer LR, Moreira ADS, Tabalipa M, Otero U, Ornellas MHF, Alves G. Health survey and assessment of the polymorphisms BRCA1/P871L, BRCA1/Q356R, and BRCA2/N372H in female gas station workers in Rio de Janeiro. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2017; 58:730-734. [PMID: 28862356 DOI: 10.1002/em.22120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gas station workers are exposed to chemicals known to be carcinogenic, especially benzene. The objective was to analyze the health problems of female gas station workers by means of sociodemographic and clinical questionnaires, and laboratorial exams. We performed the genotyping of the polymorphisms BRCA1/P871L and BRCA1/Q356R by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, and of variant allele BRCA2/N372H through direct sequencing. The female workers showed a higher concentration of monocytes (P = 0.039); a greater number of spontaneous abortions (P = 0.025, OR = 4.977, 95% CI = 1.135-30.669); higher tobacco consumption (P = 0.013); and higher alcohol consumption (P = 0.05). The statistical analysis of the polymorphisms associated with the variables monocyte concentration and miscarriage number did not reveal a significant relationship, and smoking and spontaneous abortion were not statistically associated either. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:730-734, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaele T Silvestre
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Delmonico
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maryah Bravo
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Fábio Santiago
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marianne Tabalipa
- Technical Unit of Occupational Exposure, Environmental and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ubirani Otero
- Technical Unit of Occupational Exposure, Environmental and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena F Ornellas
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilda Alves
- Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pruneda-Alvarez LG, Ruíz-Vera T, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Urinary trans-trans muconic acid (exposure biomarker to benzene) and hippuric acid (exposure biomarker to toluene) concentrations in Mexican women living in high-risk scenarios of air pollution. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2017; 72:351-358. [PMID: 27982738 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2016.1272539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA; exposure biomarker for benzene) and hippuric acid (HA; exposure biomarker for toluene) concentrations in the urine of women living in Mexico. In a cross-sectional study, apparently healthy women (n = 104) were voluntarily recruited from localities with a high risk of air pollution; t,t-MA and HA in urine were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Mean urinary levels of t,t-MA ranged from 680 to 1,310 μg/g creatinine. Mean values of HA ranged from 0.38 to 0.87 g/g creatinine. In conclusion, compared to data recently reported in literature, we found high urinary levels of t,t-MA and HA in assessed women participating in this study. We therefore deem the implementation of a strategy aimed at the reduction of exposure as a necessary measure for the evaluated communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía G Pruneda-Alvarez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
- b Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Tania Ruíz-Vera
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
- b Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Angeles C Ochoa-Martínez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
- b Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
- b Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
- c Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , Rio Verde, San Luis Potosí , México
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity of gasoline fumes in albino rats. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
34
|
Afravy M, Angali K, Khodadadi A, Ahmadizadeh M. The protective effect of Buffalo's milk against toluene induced-nephrotoxicity in rats. J Nephropathol 2016; 6:174-179. [PMID: 28975098 PMCID: PMC5607980 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Toluene is widely used in different activities of industrial, commercial and
household applications. It can cause damage to the human body. Buffalos’ milk has a good
nutritive value.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to examine the negative effects of toluene on kidney
tissues and to investigate the protective effects of buffalo’s milk against toluene-induced
nephrotoxicity in rats.
Materials and Methods:
Forty adult male Wistar rats (180-220 g weight) were randomly
assigned to eight groups (n = 5). Animals in groups I to IV received oral gavage 1 mL
distilled water (DH2O) and groups V to VIII received oral gavage 1 mL buffalo’s milk.
Ten minutes later, animals were received toluene (i.p) at doses of 300 mg/kg (groups
I and V), 600 mg/kg (groups of II and VI), and 900 mg/kg (groups of III and VII),
respectively. The animals in groups IV (control) and VIII were injected vehicle (corn oil)
only. The experiment repeated for seven consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the
last administration, animals were killed with overdose of sodium pentobarbital. Blood
samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). One part of the
kidney tissues were excised for measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),
glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA).
Another parts were excised for histopatholgical examination.
Results:
Administration of toluene to male rats produced dose-dependent damage in the
kidney. This was noted by elevation of BUN, Cr and MDA levels. In contrast, diminished
the CAT, GR and SOD enzyme activities in rats treated with toluene when compared to
those in control animals. Histopathological manifestations were also observed in dose
related manner in toluene-treated rats. Buffalo’s milk had no effect on the biochemical
parameters and kidney morphology when compared to those in control. However, it was
able to prevent rat kidney against toluene toxicity.
Conclusions:
The results of this study demonstrated that toluene damages kidney tissue and
is a nephrotoxic substance. Buffalo’s milk was able to prevent the renal damage as an
antioxidant and a nephroprotective agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afravy
- Department of Occupational Health, Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kambiz Angali
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Massumeh Ahmadizadeh
- Department of Occupational Health, Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Physiology Research Centers, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jamebozorgi I, Mahjoubi F, Pouryaghoub G, Mehrdad R, Majidzadeh T, Saltanatpour Z, Nasiri F. Micronucleus, Nucleoplasmic Bridge, and Nuclear Budding in Peripheral Blood Cells of Workers Exposed to Low Level Benzene. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2016; 7:227-33. [PMID: 27651084 PMCID: PMC6817958 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2016.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzene is one of the important occupational pollutants. There are some reports about the leukemogenic effects related to low-level exposure to benzene. OBJECTIVE To study the frequency of micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridge (NB), and nuclear budding (NBUD) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of petrochemical workers with low level exposure to benzene. METHODS We enrolled 50 workers exposed to low-level benzene and 31 unexposed workers of a petrochemical industry. After exclusion of 3 samples, peripheral blood lymphocytes of the remaining 47 exposed and 31 unexposed workers were analyzed for the frequency of MN, NB, and NBUD by cytochalasin-blocked MN technique. RESULTS MN was present in 28 (60%) exposed and 18 (58%) unexposed workers. NB was observed in 6 (13%), and 2 (7%) exposed and unexposed workers, respectively; the frequency for NBUD was 20 (43%), and 13 (42%), respectively. No significant difference was found in the observed frequencies of MN, NB, and NBUD in the peripheral blood lymphocytes between the exposed and unexposed group workers. CONCLUSION Occupational exposure to low-level benzene does not increase the frequency of MN, NB, and NBUD in the peripheral blood lymphocytes, biomarkers for DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Jamebozorgi
- Occupational Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Mahjoubi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Pouryaghoub
- Center for Research on Occupational Diseases (CROD), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - R Mehrdad
- Center for Research on Occupational Diseases (CROD), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - T Majidzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Saltanatpour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Nasiri
- Cytogenetic Department, Iran Blood Transfusion Organization Research Centre (IBTO), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|