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Babalola JA, Stracke A, Loeffler T, Schilcher I, Sideromenos S, Flunkert S, Neddens J, Lignell A, Prokesch M, Pazenboeck U, Strobl H, Tadic J, Leitinger G, Lass A, Hutter-Paier B, Hoefler G. Effect of astaxanthin in type-2 diabetes -induced APPxhQC transgenic and NTG mice. Mol Metab 2024; 85:101959. [PMID: 38763496 PMCID: PMC11153249 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aggregation and misfolding of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau proteins, suggested to arise from post-translational modification processes, are thought to be the main cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, a plethora of evidence exists that links metabolic dysfunctions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dyslipidemia to the pathogenesis of AD. We thus investigated the combinatory effect of T2D and human glutaminyl cyclase activity (pyroglutamylation), on the pathology of AD and whether astaxanthin (ASX) treatment ameliorates accompanying pathophysiological manifestations. METHODS Male transgenic AD mice, APPxhQC, expressing human APP751 with the Swedish and the London mutation and human glutaminyl cyclase (hQC) enzyme and their non-transgenic (NTG) littermates were used. Both APPxhQC and NTG mice were allocated to 3 groups, control, T2D-control, and T2D-ASX. Mice were fed control or high fat diet ± ASX for 13 weeks starting at an age of 11-12 months. High fat diet fed mice were further treated with streptozocin for T2D induction. Effects of genotype, T2D induction, and ASX treatment were evaluated by analysing glycemic readouts, lipid concentration, Aβ deposition, hippocampus-dependent cognitive function and nutrient sensing using immunosorbent assay, ELISA-based assays, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and behavioral testing via Morris water maze (MWM), respectively. RESULTS APPxhQC mice presented a higher glucose sensitivity compared to NTG mice. T2D-induced brain dysfunction was more severe in NTG compared to the APPxhQC mice. T2D induction impaired memory functions while increasing hepatic LC3B, ABCA1, and p65 levels in NTG mice. T2D induction resulted in a progressive shift of Aβ from the soluble to insoluble form in APPxhQC mice. ASX treatment reversed T2D-induced memory dysfunction in NTG mice and in parallel increased hepatic pAKT while decreasing p65 and increasing cerebral p-S6rp and p65 levels. ASX treatment reduced soluble Aβ38 and Aβ40 and insoluble Aβ40 levels in T2D-induced APPxhQC mice. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that T2D induction in APPxhQC mice poses additional risk for AD pathology as seen by increased Aβ deposition. Although ASX treatment reduced Aβ expression in T2D-induced APPxhQC mice and rescued T2D-induced memory impairment in NTG mice, ASX treatment alone may not be effective in cases of T2D comorbidity and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anika Stracke
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Spyridon Sideromenos
- QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Ute Pazenboeck
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Tadic
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Li S, Zhao M, Zhang S, Yang R, Yin N, Wang H, Faiola F. Assessing developmental neurotoxicity of emerging environmental chemicals using multiple in vitro models: A comparative analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123743. [PMID: 38462195 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Newly synthesized chemicals are being introduced into the environment without undergoing proper toxicological evaluation, particularly in terms of their effects on the vulnerable neurodevelopment. Thus, it is important to carefully assess the developmental neurotoxicity of these novel environmental contaminants using methods that are closely relevant to human physiology. This study comparatively evaluated the potential developmental neurotoxicity of 19 prevalent environmental chemicals including neonicotinoids (NEOs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), and synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) at environment-relevant doses (100 nM and 1 μM), using three commonly employed in vitro neurotoxicity models: human neural stem cells (NSCs), as well as the SK-N-SH and PC12 cell lines. Our results showed that NSCs were more sensitive than SK-N-SH and PC12 cell lines. Among all the chemicals tested, the two NEOs imidaclothiz (IMZ) and cycloxaprid (CYC), as well as the OPE tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), generated the most noticeable perturbation by impairing NSC maintenance and neuronal differentiation, as well as promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, likely via activating NF-κB signaling. Our data indicate that novel NEOs and OPEs, particularly IMZ, CYC, and TDCIPP, may not be safe alternatives as they can affect NSC maintenance and differentiation, potentially leading to neural tube defects and neuronal differentiation dysplasia in fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Moruno-Manchon J, Noh B, McCullough L. Sex-biased autophagy as a potential mechanism mediating sex differences in ischemic stroke outcome. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:31-37. [PMID: 35799505 PMCID: PMC9241419 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.340406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide, and biological sex is an important determining factor in stroke incidence and pathology. From childhood through adulthood, men have a higher incidence of stroke compared with women. Abundant research has confirmed the beneficial effects of estrogen in experimental ischemic stroke but genetic factors such as the X-chromosome complement can also play an important role in determining sex differences in stroke. Autophagy is a self-degrading cellular process orchestrated by multiple core proteins, which leads to the engulfment of cytoplasmic material and degradation of cargo after autophagy vesicles fuse with lysosomes or endosomes. The levels and the activity of components of these signaling pathways and of autophagy-related proteins can be altered during ischemic insults. Ischemic stroke activates autophagy, however, whether inhibiting autophagy after stroke is beneficial in the brain is still under a debate. Autophagy is a potential mechanism that may contribute to differences in stroke progression between the sexes. Furthermore, the effects of manipulating autophagy may also differ between the sexes. Mechanisms that regulate autophagy in a sex-dependent manner in ischemic stroke remain unexplored. In this review, we summarize clinical and pre-clinical evidence for sex differences in stroke. We briefly introduce the autophagy process and summarize the effects of gonadal hormones in autophagy in the brain and discuss X-linked genes that could potentially regulate brain autophagy. Finally, we review pre-clinical studies that address the mechanisms that could mediate sex differences in brain autophagy after stroke.
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Azeez IA, Awogbindin IO, Olayinka JN, Folarin RO, Adamu AS, Ior LD, Shehu AM, Mukhtar AI, Ajeigbe OF, Emokpae AO, Usende IL, Babatunde BR, Yusha'u Y, Olateju OI, Kamoga R, Benson AIO, Oparaji KC, Owemidu IO, Iliyasu MO, Imam MI, Olopade JO. Neural stem cell research in Africa: current realities and future prospects. Biol Open 2022; 11:280534. [PMID: 36326097 PMCID: PMC9641530 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are immature progenitor cells that are found in developing and adult brains that have the potential of dividing actively and renewing themselves, with a complex form of gene expression. The generation of new brain cells in adult individuals was initially considered impossible, however, the landmark discovery of human neural stem cells in the hippocampus has been followed by further discoveries in other discreet regions of the brain. Investigation into the current state in Africa of the research and use of NSCs shows relatively limited activities on the continent. Information on the African application of NSCs for modelling disease mechanisms, drug discovery, and therapeutics is still limited. The International Brain Research Organization (IBRO)-African Regional Committee (ARC), with support from the Company of Biologists, and the Movement Disorder Society, sponsored the first African Basic School on NSC in Ibadan, Nigeria, with the vision of bringing together young neuroscientists and physicians across different fields in neuroscience to learn from leaders who have applied NSCs in stem cell research, the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, neuroanatomy, and neurotherapeutics. Twenty early-career researchers in academic institutions at junior and senior faculty cadres were selected from South Africa, Uganda and Nigeria. The students and organizer of the school, who wrote this review on the state of NSCs research in Africa, recommended the following: (1) other African countries can take a cue from South Africa and Nigeria in probing the phenomena of adult neurogenesis in unique animal species on the continent; (2) Africa should leverage the expertise and facilities of South African scientists and international collaborators in scaling up NSC research into these unique species and (3) Centers of Excellence should be established on the continent to serve as research hubs for training postgraduate students, and facilities for African scientists who trained overseas on NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris A. Azeez
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Jos 1 , Jos, 930001 Nigeria
| | | | - Juliet N. Olayinka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Afe Babalola University 3 , Ado-Ekiti, 360001 Nigeria
| | - Royhaan O. Folarin
- Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University 4 , Ago-Iwoye, 120107 Nigeria
| | - Abubakar S. Adamu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University 5 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Lydia D. Ior
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Jos 6 , Jos, 930001 , Nigeria
| | - Asmau M. Shehu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University Dutse 7 , Dutse, 720223 , Nigeria
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand 8 , Johannesburg, Wits 2050 , South Africa
| | - Abubakar I. Mukhtar
- Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University 5 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Olufunke F. Ajeigbe
- Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, 340112 9 Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme , , Nigeria
| | | | - Ifukibot L. Usende
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Abuja 11 , Abuja, 900105 , Nigeria
| | | | - Yusuf Yusha'u
- Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University 12 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Oladiran I. Olateju
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand 8 , Johannesburg, Wits 2050 , South Africa
| | - Ronald Kamoga
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology 13 , Mbarara P.O. Box 1410 , Uganda
| | - Ayoola I. O. Benson
- Department of Human Anatomy, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin 14 , Abakaliki, 482131 Nigeria
| | - Kenneth C. Oparaji
- Department of Physiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike 15 , Abakaliki, 482131 , Nigeria
| | - Idowu O. Owemidu
- Department of Physiology, Kogi State University 16 , Anyigba, 272102 , Nigeria
| | - Musa O. Iliyasu
- Department of Anatomy, Kogi State University 17 , Anyigba, 272102 , Nigeria
| | - Maryam I. Imam
- Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University 12 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - James O. Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan 18 , Ibadan, 200005 , Nigeria
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Liu P, Li Y, Wang W, Bai Y, Jia H, Yuan Z, Yang Z. Role and mechanisms of the NF-ĸB signaling pathway in various developmental processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Lange J, Gillham O, Alkharji R, Eaton S, Ferrari G, Madej M, Flower M, Tedesco FS, Muntoni F, Ferretti P. Dystrophin deficiency affects human astrocyte properties and response to damage. Glia 2022; 70:466-490. [PMID: 34773297 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In addition to progressive muscular degeneration due to dystrophin mutations, 1/3 of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients present cognitive deficits. However, there is currently an incomplete understanding about the function of the multiple dystrophin isoforms in human brains. Here, we tested the hypothesis that dystrophin deficiency affects glial function in DMD and could therefore contribute to neural impairment. We investigated human dystrophin isoform expression with development and differentiation and response to damage in human astrocytes from control and induced pluripotent stem cells from DMD patients. In control cells, short dystrophin isoforms were up-regulated with development and their expression levels changed differently upon neuronal and astrocytic differentiation, as well as in 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional astrocyte cultures. All DMD-astrocytes tested displayed altered morphology, proliferative activity and AQP4 expression. Furthermore, they did not show any morphological change in response to inflammatory stimuli and their number was significantly lower as compared to stimulated healthy astrocytes. Finally, DMD-astrocytes appeared to be more sensitive than controls to oxidative damage as shown by their increased cell death. Behavioral and metabolic defects in DMD-astrocytes were consistent with gene pathway dysregulation shared by lines with different mutations as demonstrated by bulk RNA-seq analysis. Together, our DMD model provides evidence for altered astrocyte function in DMD suggesting that defective astrocyte responses may contribute to neural impairment and might provide additional potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lange
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olivia Gillham
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reem Alkharji
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia Ferrari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Monika Madej
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Michael Flower
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, & Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, UK
| | - Patrizia Ferretti
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Lopez-Fabuel I, Garcia-Macia M, Buondelmonte C, Burmistrova O, Bonora N, Alonso-Batan P, Morant-Ferrando B, Vicente-Gutierrez C, Jimenez-Blasco D, Quintana-Cabrera R, Fernandez E, Llop J, Ramos-Cabrer P, Sharaireh A, Guevara-Ferrer M, Fitzpatrick L, Thompton CD, McKay TR, Storch S, Medina DL, Mole SE, Fedichev PO, Almeida A, Bolaños JP. Aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:536. [PMID: 35087090 PMCID: PMC8795187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is an inherited lysosomal storage neurodegenerative disease highly prevalent in children. CLN7/MFSD8 gene encodes a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, but the biochemical processes affected by CLN7-loss of function are unexplored thus preventing development of potential treatments. Here, we found, in the Cln7∆ex2 mouse model of CLN7 disease, that failure in autophagy causes accumulation of structurally and bioenergetically impaired neuronal mitochondria. In vivo genetic approach reveals elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in Cln7∆ex2 neurons that mediates glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 activation and contributes to CLN7 pathogenesis. Mechanistically, mROS sustains a signaling cascade leading to protein stabilization of PFKFB3, normally unstable in healthy neurons. Administration of the highly selective PFKFB3 inhibitor AZ67 in Cln7∆ex2 mouse brain in vivo and in CLN7 patients-derived cells rectifies key disease hallmarks. Thus, aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in neurons may contribute to CLN7 pathogenesis and targeting PFKFB3 could alleviate this and other lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lopez-Fabuel
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Marina Garcia-Macia
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Costantina Buondelmonte
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Nicolo Bonora
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Alonso-Batan
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Brenda Morant-Ferrando
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicente-Gutierrez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jimenez-Blasco
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Quintana-Cabrera
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernandez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aseel Sharaireh
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Marta Guevara-Ferrer
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lorna Fitzpatrick
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | | | - Tristan R McKay
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Stephan Storch
- University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), High Content Screening Facility, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara E Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology and GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Angeles Almeida
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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Thornton CD, Fielding S, Karbowniczek K, Roig-Merino A, Burrows AE, FitzPatrick LM, Sharaireh A, Tite JP, Mole SE, Harbottle RP, Caproni LJ, McKay TR. Safe and stable generation of induced pluripotent stem cells using doggybone DNA vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 23:348-358. [PMID: 34729381 PMCID: PMC8546411 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in advanced therapies is increasing at pace, but concerns remain over their clinical safety profile. We report the first-ever application of doggybone DNA (dbDNA) vectors to generate human iPSCs. dbDNA vectors are closed-capped linear double-stranded DNA gene expression cassettes that contain no bacterial DNA and are amplified by a chemically defined, current good manufacturing practice (cGMP)-compliant methodology. We achieved comparable iPSC reprogramming efficiencies using transiently expressing dbDNA vectors with the same iPSC reprogramming coding sequences as the state-of-the-art OriP/EBNA1 episomal vectors but, crucially, in the absence of p53 shRNA repression. Moreover, persistent expression of EBNA1 from bacterially derived episomes resulted in stimulation of the interferon response, elevated DNA damage, and increased spontaneous differentiation. These cellular activities were diminished or absent in dbDNA-iPSCs, resulting in lines with a greater stability and safety potential for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Thornton
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK
| | - Stuart Fielding
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | | | | | - Alysha E. Burrows
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lorna M. FitzPatrick
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Park, Cheshire, UK
| | - Aseel Sharaireh
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | | | - Sara E. Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology and GOS Institute for Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tristan R. McKay
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Correspondence: Tristan R. McKay, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
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Soldati C, Lopez‐Fabuel I, Wanderlingh LG, Garcia‐Macia M, Monfregola J, Esposito A, Napolitano G, Guevara‐Ferrer M, Scotto Rosato A, Krogsaeter EK, Paquet D, Grimm CM, Montefusco S, Braulke T, Storch S, Mole SE, De Matteis MA, Ballabio A, Sampaio JL, McKay T, Johannes L, Bolaños JP, Medina DL. Repurposing of tamoxifen ameliorates CLN3 and CLN7 disease phenotype. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13742. [PMID: 34411438 PMCID: PMC8495452 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Batten diseases (BDs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders characterized by seizure, visual loss, and cognitive and motor deterioration. We discovered increased levels of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in cellular and murine models of CLN3 and CLN7 diseases and used fluorescent-conjugated bacterial toxins to label Gb3 to develop a cell-based high content imaging (HCI) screening assay for the repurposing of FDA-approved compounds able to reduce this accumulation within BD cells. We found that tamoxifen reduced the lysosomal accumulation of Gb3 in CLN3 and CLN7 cell models, including neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) from CLN7 patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Here, tamoxifen exerts its action through a mechanism that involves activation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master gene of lysosomal function and autophagy. In vivo administration of tamoxifen to the CLN7Δex2 mouse model reduced the accumulation of Gb3 and SCMAS, decreased neuroinflammation, and improved motor coordination. These data strongly suggest that tamoxifen may be a suitable drug to treat some types of Batten disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Soldati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
| | - Irene Lopez‐Fabuel
- Institute of Functional Biology and GenomicsCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of SalamancaUniversity Hospital of SalamancaCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Luca G Wanderlingh
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
| | - Marina Garcia‐Macia
- Institute of Functional Biology and GenomicsCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of SalamancaUniversity Hospital of SalamancaCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Jlenia Monfregola
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
| | | | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics UnitDepartment of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | | | - Anna Scotto Rosato
- Faculty of MedicineWalther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyLudwig‐Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Einar K Krogsaeter
- Faculty of MedicineWalther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyLudwig‐Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Dominik Paquet
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD)University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Christian M Grimm
- Faculty of MedicineWalther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyLudwig‐Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Sandro Montefusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
| | - Thomas Braulke
- Department Osteology & BiomechanicsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Stephan Storch
- University Children's Research@Kinder‐UKEUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Sara E Mole
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Maria A De Matteis
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical BiotechnologyUniversity of Napoli Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics UnitDepartment of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
| | - Julio L Sampaio
- Cellular and Chemical Biology DepartmentInstitut Curie, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRSPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Tristan McKay
- School of Healthcare ScienceManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology DepartmentInstitut Curie, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRSPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and GenomicsCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of SalamancaUniversity Hospital of SalamancaCSICUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), PozzuoliNaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics UnitDepartment of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
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11
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Lange J, Wood-Kaczmar A, Ali A, Farag S, Ghosh R, Parker J, Casey C, Uno Y, Kunugi A, Ferretti P, Andre R, Tabrizi SJ. Mislocalization of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins in Human Huntington's Disease PSC-Derived Striatal Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:742763. [PMID: 34658796 PMCID: PMC8519404 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.742763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene (HTT). Disease progression is characterized by the loss of vulnerable neuronal populations within the striatum. A consistent phenotype across HD models is disruption of nucleocytoplasmic transport and nuclear pore complex (NPC) function. Here we demonstrate that high content imaging is a suitable method for detecting mislocalization of lamin-B1, RAN and RANGAP1 in striatal neuronal cultures thus allowing a robust, unbiased, highly powered approach to assay nuclear pore deficits. Furthermore, nuclear pore deficits extended to the selectively vulnerable DARPP32 + subpopulation neurons, but not to astrocytes. Striatal neuron cultures are further affected by changes in gene and protein expression of RAN, RANGAP1 and lamin-B1. Lowering total HTT using HTT-targeted anti-sense oligonucleotides partially restored gene expression, as well as subtly reducing mislocalization of proteins involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. This suggests that mislocalization of RAN, RANGAP1 and lamin-B1 cannot be normalized by simply reducing expression of CAG-expanded HTT in the absence of healthy HTT protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lange
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Wood-Kaczmar
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aneesa Ali
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sahar Farag
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rhia Ghosh
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Parker
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Casey
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yumiko Uno
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kunugi
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Patrizia Ferretti
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Andre
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Tabrizi
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Kaltschmidt C, Greiner JFW, Kaltschmidt B. The Transcription Factor NF-κB in Stem Cells and Development. Cells 2021; 10:2042. [PMID: 34440811 PMCID: PMC8391683 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) belongs to a family of transcription factors known to regulate a broad range of processes such as immune cell function, proliferation and cancer, neuroprotection, and long-term memory. Upcoming fields of NF-κB research include its role in stem cells and developmental processes. In the present review, we discuss one role of NF-κB in development in Drosophila, Xenopus, mice, and humans in accordance with the concept of evo-devo (evolutionary developmental biology). REL domain-containing proteins of the NF-κB family are evolutionarily conserved among these species. In addition, we summarize cellular phenotypes such as defective B- and T-cell compartments related to genetic NF-κB defects detected among different species. While NF-κB proteins are present in nearly all differentiated cell types, mouse and human embryonic stem cells do not contain NF-κB proteins, potentially due to miRNA-dependent inhibition. However, the mesodermal and neuroectodermal differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells is hampered upon the repression of NF-κB. We further discuss NF-κB as a crucial regulator of differentiation in adult stem cells such as neural crest-derived and mesenchymal stem cells. In particular, c-REL seems to be important for neuronal differentiation and the neuroprotection of human adult stem cells, while RELA plays a crucial role in osteogenic and mesodermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (C.K.); (J.F.W.G.)
| | - Johannes F. W. Greiner
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (C.K.); (J.F.W.G.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (C.K.); (J.F.W.G.)
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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13
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Continuous NF-κB pathway inhibition promotes expansion of human phenotypical hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells through metabolism regulation. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112468. [PMID: 33428903 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) ex vivo expansion is critical in facilitating their widespread clinical application. NF-κB pathway is implicated in the energy homeostasis and metabolic adaptation. To explore the effect of NF-κB pathway on the ex vivo HSPC expansion and metabolism, the 50 nM-1 μM inhibitor of NF-κB pathway TPCA-1 was used to expand cord blood derived CD34+ cells in serum-free culture. The expansion folds, function, mitochondrial profile and metabolism of HSPCs were determined. After 10 days of culture with 100 nM TPCA-1, the expansion of total cells, CD34+CD38- cells, and CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+CD49f+ cells were significantly increased compared to the cytokine priming alone. Notably, TPCA-1 treatment generated ~ 2-fold greater percentage of CD34+EPCR+ and CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+CD49f+ cells compared to cytokine only conditions. Moreover, TPCA-1 expanded CD34+ cells displayed enhanced serial colonies forming potential and secondary expansion capability. NF-κB inhibition increased the expression of self-renewal related genes, while downregulated the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis regulator (Pgc1α) and mitochondrial chaperones and proteases (ClpP, Hsp10, Hsp60). Mitochondrial mass and membrane potential were markedly decreased with TPCA-1 treatment, leading to the reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HSPCs. NF-κB inhibition displayed augmented glycolysis rate with compromising mitochondrial metabolism. This study demonstrated that NF-κB pathway inhibition improved glycolysis and limited ROS production that promoted the ex vivo expansion and maintenance of functional HSPCs.
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14
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Bagheri HS, Karimipour M, Heidarzadeh M, Rajabi H, Sokullu E, Rahbarghazi R. Does the Global Outbreak of COVID-19 or Other Viral Diseases Threaten the Stem Cell Reservoir Inside the Body? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:214-230. [PMID: 33403490 PMCID: PMC7785129 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly influenced public health and contributed to global economic divergences of unprecedented dimensions. Due to the high prevalence and mortality rates, it is then expected that the consequence and public health challenges will last for long periods. The rapid global spread of COVID-19 and lack of enough data regarding the virus pathogenicity multiplies the complexity and forced governments to react quickly against this pandemic. Stem cells represent a small fraction of cells located in different tissues. These cells play a critical role in the regeneration and restoration of injured sites. Because of their specific niche and a limited number of stem cells, the key question is whether there are different anti-viral mechanisms against viral infection notably COVID-19. Here, we aimed to highlight the intrinsic antiviral resistance in different stem cells against viral infection. These data could help us to understand the possible viral infections in different stem cells and the activation of specific molecular mechanisms upon viral entrance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Karimipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hadi Rajabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey. .,School of Medicine, Biophysics Department, Koç University, Rumeli Fener, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Mills WT, Nassar NN, Ravindra D, Li X, Meffert MK. Multi-Level Regulatory Interactions between NF-κB and the Pluripotency Factor Lin28. Cells 2020; 9:E2710. [PMID: 33348917 PMCID: PMC7767241 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An appreciation for the complex interactions between the NF-κB transcription factor and the Lin28 RNA binding protein/let-7 microRNA pathways has grown substantially over the past decade. Both the NF-κB and Lin28/let-7 pathways are master regulators impacting cell survival, growth and proliferation, and an understanding of how interfaces between these pathways participate in governing pluripotency, progenitor differentiation, and neuroplastic responses remains an emerging area of research. In this review, we provide a concise summary of the respective pathways and focus on the function of signaling interactions at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Regulatory loops capable of providing both reinforcing and extinguishing feedback have been described. We highlight convergent findings in disparate biological systems and indicate future directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Mills
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (W.T.M.IV); (N.N.N.); (D.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Noor N. Nassar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (W.T.M.IV); (N.N.N.); (D.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Deepa Ravindra
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (W.T.M.IV); (N.N.N.); (D.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinbei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (W.T.M.IV); (N.N.N.); (D.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Mollie K. Meffert
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (W.T.M.IV); (N.N.N.); (D.R.); (X.L.)
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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16
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Ruiz-Perera LM, Greiner JFW, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. A Matter of Choice: Inhibition of c-Rel Shifts Neuronal to Oligodendroglial Fate in Human Stem Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041037. [PMID: 32331232 PMCID: PMC7226153 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying fate decisions of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) between neurogenesis and gliogenesis are critical during neuronal development and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite its crucial role in the murine nervous system, the potential role of the transcription factor NF-κB in the neuronal development of hNSCs is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed NF-κB subunit distribution during glutamatergic differentiation of hNSCs originating from neural crest-derived stem cells. We observed several peaks of specific NF-κB subunits. The most prominent nuclear peak was shown by c-REL subunit during a period of 2–5 days after differentiation onset. Furthermore, c-REL inhibition with pentoxifylline (PTXF) resulted in a complete shift towards oligodendroglial fate, as demonstrated by the presence of OLIG2+/O4+-oligodendrocytes, which showed PDGFRα, NG2 and MBP at the transcript level. In addition c-REL impairment further produced a significant decrease in neuronal survival. Transplantation of PTXF-treated predifferentiated hNSCs into an ex vivo oxidative-stress-mediated demyelination model of mouse organotypic cerebellar slices further led to integration in the white matter and differentiation into MBP+ oligodendrocytes, validating their functionality and therapeutic potential. In summary, we present a human cellular model of neuronal differentiation exhibiting a novel essential function of NF-κB-c-REL in fate choice between neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis which will potentially be relevant for multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.F.W.G.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Niu H, Xiao J, Ma Z, Chen L. Prmt4-mediated methylation of NF-κB is critical for neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30340-5. [PMID: 32070496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neural differentiation is a complex process regulated by multiple signaling at different regulatory levels. Though great progresses have been made in understanding the mechanisms of neural differentiation, post-translational regulation of neural differentiation remains largely unknown. In this study, we found Prmt4, one of the methyltransferases catalyzing protein arginine methylation, is highly expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs) and associated with neural differentiation. Knockout of Prmt4 in mESCs blocked neural differentiation by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Mechanistically, Prmt4 interacts with NF-κB component p65 to promote its methylation, resulting in increased activation of NF-κB signaling during neural differentiation. Our study not only identified Prmt4 as novel regulator of neural differentiation, but also highlighted the importance of protein arginine methylation in cell fate transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengli Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jiyuan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
| | - Zhongxing Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, 6th People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province, 215600, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
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18
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Liu Y, Yu M, Jiang D. Downregulation of STAT1 induces the differentiation of neural stem cells through JNK pathway. Tissue Cell 2019; 61:61-66. [PMID: 31759408 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) generated neurons and glial cells. Thus, it is a preferable candidate to the cell replacement-based therapy against neural disorders. The signaling pathways that regulate differentiation of NSCs are widely studied. In the current study, we used in vitro culture system to elucidate the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in NSCs' differentiation. Downregulation of STAT1 inhibited the proliferation of NSCs. Meanwhile, we also found STAT1 regulation could control the differentiation of NSCs. More neurons and glia cells were generated from NSCs with STAT1 silencing. This process was mediated by the JNK/STAT1 signaling. STAT1 inhibitor promoted differentiation of NSCs. After transplantation, we observed more neurons generated from NSCs with shRNA-STAT1 treatment. Collectively, this work showed an efficient way to regulate neuronal differentiation of NSCs through regulating the STAT1 expression. This is likely to provide source and theoretical support to cell replacement based theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Dudu Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China.
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19
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Abd Al Samid M, McPhee JS, Saini J, McKay TR, Fitzpatrick LM, Mamchaoui K, Bigot A, Mouly V, Butler-Browne G, Al-Shanti N. A functional human motor unit platform engineered from human embryonic stem cells and immortalized skeletal myoblasts. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 11:85-93. [PMID: 30519053 PMCID: PMC6233953 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s178562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Although considerable research on neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) has been conducted, the prospect of in vivo NMJ studies is limited and these studies are challenging to implement. Therefore, there is a clear unmet need to develop a feasible, robust, and physiologically relevant in vitro NMJ model. Objective We aimed to establish a novel functional human NMJs platform, which is serum and neural complex media/neural growth factor-free, using human immortalized myoblasts and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) that can be used to understand the mechanisms of NMJ development and degeneration. Methods Immortalized human myoblasts were co-cultured with hESCs derived committed NPCs. Over the course of the 7 days myoblasts differentiated into myotubes and NPCs differentiated into motor neurons. Results Neuronal axon sprouting branched to form multiple NMJ innervation sites along the myotubes and the myotubes showed extensive, spontaneous contractile activity. Choline acetyltransferase and βIII-tubulin immunostaining confirmed that the NPCs had matured into cholinergic motor neurons. Postsynaptic site of NMJs was further characterized by staining dihydropyridine receptors, ryanodine receptors, and acetylcholine receptors by α-bungarotoxin. Conclusion We established a functional human motor unit platform for in vitro investigations. Thus, this co-culture system can be used as a novel platform for 1) drug discovery in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders, 2) deciphering vital features of NMJ formation, regulation, maintenance, and repair, and 3) exploring neuromuscular diseases, age-associated degeneration of the NMJ, muscle aging, and diabetic neuropathy and myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah Abd Al Samid
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK,
| | - Jamie S McPhee
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jasdeep Saini
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK,
| | - Tristan R McKay
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK,
| | - Lorna M Fitzpatrick
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK,
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Université-INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bigot
- Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Université-INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Université-INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Nasser Al-Shanti
- Healthcare Science Research Institute, School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK,
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20
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Al Samid MA, Al-Shanti N, Odeh M. Motor Neuron-Skeletal Muscle Co Culture Model: A Potential Novel in Vitro and Computaional Platform to Investigate Cancer Cachexia. 2018 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CANCER CARE INFORMATICS (CCI) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/cancercare.2018.8618261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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