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Fernandes FA, Carocho M, Prieto MA, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR, Heleno SA. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements: balancing out the pros and cons. Food Funct 2024; 15:6289-6303. [PMID: 38805010 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While the market is full of different dietary supplements, in most countries, legislation is clear and strict towards these products, with severe limitations on their health claims. Overall, the claims cannot go beyond the consumption of a said supplement will contribute to a healthy diet. Thus, the supplement industry has been reacting and changing their approach to consumers. One change is the considerable growth of the nutraceutical market, which provides naturally produced products, with low processing and close to no claims on the label. The marketing of this industry shifts from claiming several benefits on the label (dietary supplements) to relying on the knowledge of consumers towards the benefits of minimally processed foods filled with natural products (nutraceuticals). This review focuses on the difference between these two products, their consumption patterns, forms of presentation, explaining what makes them different, their changes through time, and their most notable ingredients, basically balancing out their pros and cons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa A Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Márcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Faccinetto-Beltrán P, Reza-Zaldivar EE, Curiel-Pedraza DA, Canales-Aguirre AA, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), Vitamin D3, and Probiotics Supplementation Improve Memory, Glial Reactivity, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in an Aluminum-Induced Cognitive Impairment Rat Model. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21221-21233. [PMID: 38764689 PMCID: PMC11097360 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Globally, the rise in neurodegenerative issues in tandem with shifts in lifestyle and aging population has prompted a search for effective interventions. Nutraceutical compounds have emerged as promising agents for addressing these challenges. This 60-day study on an aluminum-induced cognitive impairment rat model assessed three compounds and their combinations: probiotics (Prob, Lactobacillus plantarum [5 × 1010 CFU/day], and Lactobacillus acidophilus [5 × 1010 CFU/day]), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 23.8 mg/day), and vitamin D3 (VD3, 150 IU/day). Behavioral outcomes were evaluated by using the Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests. Glial activation was assessed through immunofluorescence analysis of GFAP/Iba1, and oxidative stress markers in brain tissue were determined by measuring the levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results demonstrated a progressive improvement in the learning and memory capacity. The aluminum group exhibited the poorest performance in the behavioral test, enhanced GFAP/Iba1 activation, and elevated levels of oxidative stress markers. Conversely, the DHA + Prob + VD3 treatment demonstrated the best performance in the Morris water maze. The combination of DHA + Prob + VD3 exhibited superior performance in the Morris water maze, accompanied by reduced levels of GFAP/Iba1 activation in DG/CA1 brain regions. Furthermore, DHA + Prob supplementation showed lower GFAP/Iba1 activation in the CA3 region and enhanced antioxidant activity. In summary, supplementing various nutraceutical combinations, including DHA, VD3, and Prob, displayed notable benefits against aluminum-induced cognitive impairment. These benefits encompassed memory enhancement, diminished MDA concentration, increased SOD activity, and reduced glial activation, as indicated by GFAP/Iba1 markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulinna Faccinetto-Beltrán
- Escuela
de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, C.P.
45201 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Edwin E. Reza-Zaldivar
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - David Alejandro Curiel-Pedraza
- Preclinical
Evaluation Unit, Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, CIATEJ-CONACyT, Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico
| | - Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre
- Preclinical
Evaluation Unit, Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, CIATEJ-CONACyT, Av. Normalistas 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Escuela
de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, C.P.
45201 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Flore G, Deledda A, Lombardo M, Armani A, Velluzzi F. Effects of Functional and Nutraceutical Foods in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet in Patients Diagnosed with Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1845. [PMID: 37891924 PMCID: PMC10603973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies report that breast cancer survivors (BCS) tend to have a poor diet, as fruit, vegetable, and legume consumption is often reduced, resulting in a decreased intake of nutraceuticals. Moreover, weight gain has been commonly described among BCS during treatment, increasing recurrence rate and mortality. Improving lifestyle and nutrition after the diagnosis of BC may have important benefits on patients' general health and on specific clinical outcomes. The Mediterranean diet (MD), known for its multiple beneficial effects on health, can be considered a nutritional pool comprising several nutraceuticals: bioactive compounds and foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Recent scientific advances have led to the identification of nutraceuticals that could amplify the benefits of the MD and favorably influence gene expression in these patients. Nutraceuticals could have beneficial effects in the postdiagnostic phase of BC, including helping to mitigate the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Moreover, the MD could be a valid and easy-to-follow option for managing excess weight. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the recent scientific literature on the possible beneficial effects of consuming functional and nutraceutical foods in the framework of MD in BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Flore
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
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Melecchi A, Amato R, Dal Monte M, Rusciano D, Bagnoli P, Cammalleri M. Restored retinal physiology after administration of niacin with citicoline in a mouse model of hypertensive glaucoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1230941. [PMID: 37731716 PMCID: PMC10508956 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1230941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Much interest has been addressed to antioxidant dietary supplements that are known to lower the risk of developing glaucoma or delay its progression. Among them, niacin and citicoline protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from degeneration by targeting mitochondria, though at different levels. A well-established mouse model of RGC degeneration induced by experimental intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was used to investigate whether a novel combination of niacin/citicoline has better efficacy over each single component in preserving RGC health in response to IOP increase. Methods Ocular hypertension was induced by an intracameral injection of methylcellulose that clogs the trabecular meshwork. Electroretinography and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate RGC function and density. Oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic markers were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results The present results support an optimal efficacy of niacin with citicoline at their best dosage in preventing RGC loss. In fact, about 50% of RGCs were spared from death leading to improved electroretinographic responses to flash and pattern stimulation. Upregulated levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were also consistently reduced by almost 50% after niacin with citicoline thus providing a significant strength to the validity of their combination. Conclusion Niacin combined with citicoline is highly effective in restoring RGC physiology but its therapeutic potential needs to be further explored. In fact, the translation of the present compound to humans is limited by several factors including the mouse modeling, the higher doses of the supplements that are necessary to demonstrate their efficacy over a short follow up period and the scarce knowledge of their transport to the bloodstream and to the eventual target tissues in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Dal Monte
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Rusciano
- Research Center, Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cammalleri
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Luz DA, Pinheiro AM, Fontes-Júnior EA, Maia CSF. Neuroprotective, neurogenic, and anticholinergic evidence of Ganoderma lucidum cognitive effects: Crucial knowledge is still lacking. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1504-1536. [PMID: 37052237 DOI: 10.1002/med.21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a mushroom that has been widely used for centuries in Asian countries for its antiaging properties. It is popularly known as "Ling Zhi," "Reishi," and "Youngzhi," and because of its benefits, it is known as the "immortality mushroom." Pharmacological assays have revealed that G. lucidum ameliorates cognitive impairments through inhibition of β-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangle formation, antioxidant effect, reduction of inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis, genic expression modulation, among other activities. Chemical investigations on G. lucidum have revealed the presence of metabolites such as triterpenes, which are the most explored in this field, as well as flavonoids, steroids, benzofurans, and alkaloids; in the literature, these have also been reported to have mnemonic activity. These properties of the mushroom make it a potential source of new drugs to prevent or reverse memory disorders, as actual medications are able to only alleviate some symptoms but are unable to stop the progress of cognitive impairments, with no impact on social, familiar, and personal relevance. In this review, we discuss the cognitive findings of G. lucidum reported in the literature, converging the proposed mechanisms through the several pathways that underlie memory and cognition processes. In addition, we highlight the gaps that deserve particular attention to support future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra A Luz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alana M Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Enéas A Fontes-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S F Maia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Cheng H, Chen W, Jiang J, Khan MA, Wusigale, Liang L. A comprehensive review of protein-based carriers with simple structures for the co-encapsulation of bioactive agents. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2017-2042. [PMID: 36938993 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The rational design and fabrication of edible codelivery carriers are important to develop functional foods fortified with a plurality of bioactive agents, which may produce synergistic effects in increasing bioactivity and functionality to target specific health benefits. Food proteins possess considerable functional attributes that make them suitable for the delivery of a single bioactive agent in a wide range of platforms. Among the different types of protein-based carriers, protein-ligand nanocomplexes, micro/nanoparticles, and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have increasingly attracted attention in the codelivery of multiple bioactive agents, due to the simple and convenient preparation procedure, high stability, matrix compatibility, and dosage flexibility. However, the successful codelivery of bioactive agents with diverse physicochemical properties by using these simple-structure carriers is a daunting task. In this review, some effective strategies such as combined functional properties of proteins, self-assembly, composite, layer-by-layer, and interfacial engineering are introduced to redesign the carrier structure and explore the encapsulation of multiple bioactive agents. It then highlights success stories and challenges in the co-encapsulation of multiple bioactive agents within protein-based carriers with a simple structure. The partition, protection, and release of bioactive agents in these protein-based codelivery carriers are considered and discussed. Finally, safety and application as well as challenges of co-encapsulated bioactive agents in the food industry are also discussed. This work provides a state-of-the-art overview of protein-based particles and O/W emulsions in co-encapsulating bioactive agents, which is essential for the design and development of novel functional foods containing multiple bioactive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wanwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Wusigale
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Satriawan N, Sharopov F. Free radical scavenging synergism of fucoxanthin with lipophilic plant products. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:782-787. [PMID: 36796788 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2084737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin demonstrates potential bioactivity, gaining greater interest with many prospective applications. The fundamental activity of fucoxanthin is antioxidant. However, some findings also report the pro-oxidant potential of carotenoids in particular concentrations and environments. In many applications, fucoxanthin requires additional materials to improve bioavailability and stability, such as lipophilic plant products (LPP). Despite much-growing evidence, little is known how fucoxanthin interacts with LPP, which is susceptible to an oxidative reaction. We hypothesised that lower concentration of fucoxanthin exerts a synergistic effect in combination with LPP. The low molecular weight of LPP may exhibit greater activity than long-chain LPP, and so it does with the concentration of unsaturated moieties. We performed free radical-scavenging assay of fucoxanthin combined with some essential oils and edible oils. Chou-Talalay theorem was employed to depict the combination effect. The current study demonstrates a staple finding and constitutes theoretical viewpoints before further fucoxanthin's utilization with LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Natasha Satriawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
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Ebrahimi B, Baroutian S, Li J, Zhang B, Ying T, Lu J. Combination of marine bioactive compounds and extracts for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1047026. [PMID: 36712534 PMCID: PMC9879610 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1047026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, marine-based functional foods and combination therapy are receiving greater recognition for their roles in healthy lifestyle applications and are being investigated as viable and effective strategies for disease treatment or prevention. Aim of the review This review article presents and discusses the relevant scientific publications that have studied the synergistic and additive effects of natural marine bioactive compounds and extract combinations with anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities in the last two decades. The paper presents the mechanism of action and health benefits of developed combinations and discusses the limitation of the studies. Furthermore, it recommends alternatives and directions for future studies. Finally, it highlights the factors for developing novel combinations of marine bioactive compounds. Key scientific concepts of review Combination of marine bioactive compounds or extracts affords synergistic or additive effects by multiple means, such as multi-target effects, enhancing the bioavailability, boosting the bioactivity, and neutralizing adverse effects of compounds in the mixture. For the development of marine-based combinations, there are key points for consideration and issues to address: knowledge of the mechanism of action of individual compounds and their combinations, optimum ratio and dosing of compounds, and experimental models must all be taken into account. Strategies to increase the number and diversity of marine combinations, and further development of marine-based functional foods, are available. However, only a small number of natural marine bioactive combinations have been assessed, and most research has been focused on fish oil and carotenoid synergy. Therefore, more research and resources should be spent on developing novel marine bioactive combinations as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgheis Ebrahimi
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Saeid Baroutian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand,Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland, New Zealand,College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Jun Lu ✉
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Guardiola-Márquez CE, Santos-Ramírez MT, Segura-Jiménez ME, Figueroa-Montes ML, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Fighting Obesity-Related Micronutrient Deficiencies through Biofortification of Agri-Food Crops with Sustainable Fertilization Practices. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3477. [PMID: 36559589 PMCID: PMC9784404 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a critical medical condition worldwide that is increasingly involved with nutritional derangements associated with micronutrient deficiencies, including iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, selenium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E. Nutritional deficiencies in obesity are mainly caused by poor-quality diets, higher nutrient requirements, alterations in micronutrient metabolism, and invasive obesity treatments. The current conventional agricultural system is designed for intensive food production, focusing on food quantity rather than food quality, consuming excessive agricultural inputs, and producing nutrient-deficient foods, thus generating severe health and environmental problems; agricultural food products may worsen obesity-related malnutrition. Therefore, modern agriculture is adopting new biofortification technologies to combat micronutrient deficiencies and improve agricultural productivity and sustainability. Biofertilization and nanofertilization practices are increasingly used due to their efficiency, safety, and reduced environmental impact. Biofertilizers are preparations of PGP-microorganisms that promote plant growth by influencing plant metabolism and improving the nutrient uptake, and nanofertilizers consist of synthesized nanoparticles with unique physicochemical properties that are capable of increasing plant nutrition and enriching agricultural products. This review presents the current micronutrient deficiencies associated with obesity, the modern unsustainable agri-food system contributing to obesity progression, and the development of bio- and nanofertilizers capable of biofortifying agri-food crops with micronutrients commonly deficient in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Teresa Santos-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45138, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - M. Eugenia Segura-Jiménez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45138, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Melina Lizeth Figueroa-Montes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45138, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45138, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
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Physicochemical Evaluation of Personal Care Products Developed with Chondrus crispus Fractions Processed by Ecofriendly Methodologies. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20110695. [PMID: 36355018 PMCID: PMC9692426 DOI: 10.3390/md20110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel personal care products are necessary to cope with the growing market demand for sustainable green products. In this context, this work deals with the formulation and fundamental physicochemical and rheological characterization of different natural personal care products using bioactive fractions from Chondrus crispus red macroalgae extracted under optimized green conditions. Body milks, body oils and shampoos were supplemented with soluble extracts with antioxidant features recovered after hydrothermal (200 °C) and microwave (170 °C)- and ultrasound (80 °C)-assisted extraction of the red macroalgae used as raw material. Formulated products were also compared with those prepared using (±)-α-tocopherol and butylhydroxytoluene standards. Body scrubs were formulated with the remaining solids (<2.25%) after microwave hydrodiffusion and gravidity treatment of the macroalgae. Results indicated that selected extracts provided personal care products with similar or even better physicochemical, color and viscous features than those supplemented with (±)-α-tocopherol or butylhydroxytoluene commercial antioxidants. Rheological profiles indicated that it is possible to develop personal care products with adequate viscous behavior (102−105 mPa s, at 1 s−1), comparable with their synthetic counterparts. To conclude, the addition of antioxidant extracts led to lower apparent viscosity values suggesting an advantage from the skin applicability point of view, jointly with the absence of both the hysteresis phenomenon and water syneresis of the proposed formulations.
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11
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Chen X, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zou L, McClements DJ, Liu W. A review of recent progress in improving the bioavailability of nutraceutical-loaded emulsions after oral intake. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3963-4001. [PMID: 35912644 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Increasing awareness of the health benefits of specific constituents in fruits, vegetables, cereals, and other whole foods has sparked a broader interest in the potential health benefits of nutraceuticals. Many nutraceuticals are hydrophobic substances, which means they must be encapsulated in colloidal delivery systems. Oil-in-water emulsions are one of the most widely used delivery systems for improving the bioavailability and bioactivity of these nutraceuticals. The composition and structure of emulsions can be designed to improve the water dispersibility, physicochemical stability, and bioavailability of the encapsulated nutraceuticals. The nature of the emulsion used influences the interfacial area and properties of the nutraceutical-loaded oil droplets in the gastrointestinal tract, which influences their digestion, as well as the bioaccessibility, metabolism, and absorption of the nutraceuticals. In this article, we review recent in vitro and in vivo studies on the utilization of emulsions to improve the bioavailability of nutraceuticals. The findings from this review should facilitate the design of more efficacious nutraceutical-loaded emulsions with increased bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yikun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liqiang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Biopolymers & Colloids Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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12
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Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Zamakshshari NH, Mustafa MR, Hashim NM, Othman R. Trends and challenges in phytotherapy and phytocosmetics for skin aging. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103363. [PMID: 35813113 PMCID: PMC9260296 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Free radicals, oxidative stress, and inflammation contribute to the etiology of most chronic diseases. Natural products can be incorporated into cosmetics, cosmeceuticals, and nutricosmetics to tackle inflammation-related diseases. The use of alternative green extraction solvents such as natural deep eutectic solvents and electrochemically reduced water is trending. Delivery systems are important for the enhancement of the bioavailability, stability, solubility, and controlled release profile of the bioactives.
Oxidative stress and inflammation mostly contribute to aging and age-related conditions including skin aging. The potential of natural products in the form of naturally-derived cosmetics, cosmeceuticals, and nutricosmetics have, however, not been fully harnessed. This review, thus, critically analyzes the potential roles of natural products in inflammation-related skin aging diseases due to the increasing consumers’ concerns and demands for efficacious, safe, natural, sustainable, and religiously permitted alternatives to synthetic products. The information and data were collated from various resources and literature databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet, Google, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The role of green extraction solvents as promising alternatives is also elucidated. The potential enhancements of the bioavailability, stability, solubility and controlled release profile of the bioactives using different delivery systems are also presented. The current potential global market value, motivators, drivers, trends, challenges, halal, and other regulatory certifications for cosmeceuticals and nutricosmetics are equally discussed. The adoption of the suggested extractions and delivery systems would enhance the stability, bioavailability, and target delivery of the bioactives.
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Choi J, Yoon J, Kim M. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of Artemisia capillaris for Enhanced Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152268. [PMID: 35954035 PMCID: PMC9368701 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the fermentation of Artemisia capillaris by probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides MKJW (MKJW) was optimized to increase the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities using the response surface method (RSM). The independent variables were the contents of A. capillaris, Gryllus bimaculatus, and yeast extract, while the dependent variables were AChE inhibitory activity, BuChE inhibitory activity, and antioxidant activities such as FRAP, reducing power, and DPPH radical scavenging ability. Seventeen experimental runs were designed with RSM and analyzed after fermentation with MKJW. Quadratic models were used to analyze the inhibition of AChE and BuChE, and a linear model was used to analyze the FRAP. The three models were significantly appropriate (p < 0.0001). The highest optimal condition of the AChE inhibitory activity was derived by a multiple regression equation. When the optimum fermentation conditions were A. capillaris 6.75%, G. bimaculatus 0.18%, and yeast extract 1.27%, 91.1% was reached for AChE inhibitory, 74.0% for BuChE inhibitory, and 34.1 mM FeSO4 for FRAP. The predicted dependent variables were not significantly different from the experimental values (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the A. capillaris fermented by MKJW might be used as a natural antidementia improving agent with AChE inhibitory, BuChE inhibitory, and antioxidant activities.
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UVA and UVB Radiation as Innovative Tools to Biofortify Horticultural Crops with Nutraceuticals. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to the prevention and treatment of chronic–degenerative diseases due to the presence of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical activity. Most of these secondary metabolites, also known as nutraceuticals, are present in low concentrations in the plant tissue. Therefore, to improve the health benefits of horticultural crops, it is necessary to increase their nutraceutical content before reaching consumers. Applying ultraviolet radiation (UVR) to fruits and vegetables has been a simple and effective technology to biofortify plant tissue with secondary metabolites. This review article describes the physiological and molecular basis of stress response in plants. Likewise, current literature on the mechanisms and effects of UVA and UVB radiation on the accumulation of different bioactive phytochemicals are reviewed. The literature shows that UVR is an effective tool to biofortify horticultural crops to enhance their nutraceutical content.
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Singh S, Sharma A, Monga V, Bhatia R. Compendium of naringenin: potential sources, analytical aspects, chemistry, nutraceutical potentials and pharmacological profile. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8868-8899. [PMID: 35357240 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2056726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin is flavorless, water insoluble active principle belonging to flavanone subclass. It exhibits a diverse pharmacological profile as well as divine nutraceutical values. Although several researchers have explored this phytoconstituent to evaluate its promising properties, still it has not gained recognition at therapeutic levels and more clinical investigations are still required. Also the neutraceutical potential has limited marketed formulations. This compilation includes the description of reported therapeutic potentials of naringenin in variety of pathological conditions alongwith the underlying mechanisms. Details of various analytical investigations carried on this molecule have been provided along with brief description of chemistry and structural activity relationship. In the end, various patents filed and clinical trial data has been provided. Naringenin has revealed promising pharmacological activities including cardiovascular diseases, neuroprotection, anti-diabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activity. It has been marketed in the form of nanoformulations, co-crystals, solid dispersions, tablets, capsules and inclusion complexes. It is also available in various herbal formulations as nutraceutical supplement. There are some pharmacokinetic issue with naringenin like poor absorption and low dissolution rate. Although these issues have been sorted out upto certain extent still further research to investigate the bioavailability of naringenin from herbal supplements and its clinical efficacy is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Fernando WMADB, Garg ML, Verdile G, Martins RN. Mitoprotective Effects of a Synergistic Nutraceutical Combination: Basis for a Prevention Strategy Against Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:781468. [PMID: 35264941 PMCID: PMC8899513 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.781468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence to date suggests the consumption of food rich in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids may potentially minimize age-related cognitive decline. For neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which do not yet have definitive treatments, the focus has shifted toward using alternative approaches, including prevention strategies rather than disease reversal. In this aspect, certain nutraceuticals have become promising compounds due to their neuroprotective properties. Moreover, the multifaceted AD pathophysiology encourages the use of multiple bioactive components that may be synergistic in their protective roles when combined. The objective of the present study was to determine mechanisms of action underlying the inhibition of Aβ1–42-induced toxicity by a previously determined, three-compound nutraceutical combination D5L5U5 for AD. In vitro experiments were carried out in human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells for levels of ROS, ATP mitophagy, and mitobiogenesis. The component compounds luteolin (LUT), DHA, and urolithin A (UA) were independently protective of mitochondria; however, the D5L5U5 preceded its single constituents in all assays used. Overall, it indicated that D5L5U5 had potent inhibitory effects against Aβ1–42-induced toxicity through protecting mitochondria. These mitoprotective activities included minimizing oxidative stress, increasing ATP and inducing mitophagy and mitobiogenesis. However, this synergistic nutraceutical combination warrants further investigations in other in vitro and in vivo AD models to confirm its potential to be used as a preventative therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona P. W. Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - W. M. A. D. Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ralph N. Martins,
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Fernando WMADB, Garg ML, Verdile G, Martins RN. A Synergistic Combination of DHA, Luteolin, and Urolithin A Against Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:780602. [PMID: 35250535 PMCID: PMC8890506 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.780602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. The classical AD brain is characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein aggregates as senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of hyper-phosphorylated forms of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. There has been limited success in clinical trials for some proposed therapies for AD, so attention has been drawn toward using alternative approaches, including prevention strategies. As a result, nutraceuticals have become attractive compounds for their potential neuroprotective capabilities. The objective of the present study was to derive a synergistic nutraceutical combination in vitro that may act as a potential preventative therapy for AD. The compounds of interest were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), luteolin (LUT), and urolithin A (UA). The cell viability and cytotoxicity assays MTS and LDH were used to evaluate the compounds individually and in two-compound combinations, for their ability to inhibit Aβ1–42-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells. The LDH-derived% protection values were used in the program CompuSyn v.1.0 to calculate the combination index (CI) of the two-compound combinations. The software-predicted potentially synergistic (CI < 1) two-compound combinations were validated using CellTiter Glo assay. Finally, a three-compound combination was predicted (D5L5U5) and shown to be the most effective at inhibiting Aβ1–42-induced toxicity. The synergistic combination, D5L5U5 warrants further research for its mechanism of action; however, it can serve as a basis to develop an advanced functional food for the prevention or co-treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona P. W. Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - W. M. A. D. Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ralph N. Martins,
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Encapsulation with HDPAF-WP of the hexane fraction of sea grape (Coccoloba uvifera L.) leaf extract by electrospraying. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Riaz N, Yousaf Z, Yasmin Z, Munawar M, Younas A, Rashid M, Aftab A, Shamsheer B, Yasin H, Najeebullah M, Simon PW. Development of Carrot Nutraceutical Products as an Alternative Supplement for the Prevention of Nutritional Diseases. Front Nutr 2022; 8:787351. [PMID: 35047545 PMCID: PMC8761950 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.787351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals can serve as an alternative supplement to overcome nutritional deficiency for a healthy lifestyle. They can also play a key role in disease management. To develop carrot nutraceutical products, 64 genotypes from four different continents were evaluated for a range of morpho-nutrition variables. Genetic variability, heritability, strength and direction of association among variables, and direct and indirect relationships among physiochemical and nutritional traits with β-carotene content were evaluated. Core diameter, foliage weight, root weight and shoulder weight showed significant association with β-carotene accumulation. Principal component analysis for physiochemical and nutritional assessment divided these genotypes into two distinctive groups, Eastern carrots and Western carrots. Caloric and moisture content had high positive associations with β-carotene content while carbohydrate content was negatively associated. Five genotypes (T-29, PI 634658, PI 288765, PI 164798, and Ames 25043) with the highest β-carotene contents were selected for making three nutraceutical supplements (carrot-orange juice, carrot jam and carrot candies). These nutraceutical supplements retained high β-carotene content coupled with antioxidant properties. Carrot jam (6.5 mg/100 g) and carrot candies (4.8 mg/100 g) had greater concentrations of β-carotene than carrot-orange juice (1.017 mg/100 g). Carrot jam presented high antioxidant activity with the highest values in T-29 (39% inhibition of oxidation) followed by PI 634658 (37%), PI 164798 (36.5%), Ames 25043 (36%) and PI 288765 (35.5%). These nutraceutical products, with 4–6.5 mg/100 g β-carotene content, had higher values than the USDA recommended dietary intake of 3–6 mg β-carotene/day can be recommended for daily use to lower the risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Riaz
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Zubaida Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zarina Yasmin
- Post-Harvest Research Centre, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muneeb Munawar
- Vegetable Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afifa Younas
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Rashid
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arusa Aftab
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shamsheer
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Yasin
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Najeebullah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Philipp W Simon
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Vegetable Crops Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI, United States
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Nutraceutical Combinations in Hypercholesterolemia: Evidence from Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093128. [PMID: 34579005 PMCID: PMC8470433 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing number of nutraceutical combinations (NCs) on the market for hypercholesterolemia, although clinical trials to verify their safety and efficacy are scarce. We selected fourteen randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) on different lipid-lowering NCs in hypercholesterolemic subjects. We described each compound's mechanism of action and efficacy in the mixtures and summarized the clinical trials settings and NCs safety and efficacy results. Almost all NCs resulted efficient against hypercholesterolemia; only one reported no changes. Interestingly, red yeast rice (RYR) was present in eleven mixtures. It is not clear whether the lipid-lowering efficacy of these combinations derives mainly from the RYR component monacolin K "natural statin" single effect. Up to now, few RCTs have verified the efficacy of every single compound vs. NCs to evaluate possible additive or synergistic effects, probably due to the complexity and the high resources request. In conclusion, to manage the arising nutraceutical tide against hypercholesterolemia, it could be helpful to increase the number and robustness of clinical studies to verify the efficacy and safety of the new NCs.
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Chocolate as Carrier to Deliver Bioactive Ingredients: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092065. [PMID: 34574174 PMCID: PMC8472086 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumer demand for healthier foods with improved taste and convenience has urged the food industry to develop functional foods added with bioactive ingredients that can supplement basic nutrition (food supplement) or exert a pharmacological effect (nutraceuticals). Chocolate could be used as an ideal carrier to deliver bioactive ingredients, mainly due to its high acceptability by consumers. However, a drawback of using chocolate as functional food is its high sugar content, which impedes its commercialization with the diabetic population. Therefore, there is need to develop sugar-free chocolate formulations added with bioactive ingredients. Nevertheless, sugar replacement and bioactive ingredients addition is a major technological challenge that affects texture, rheology, and sensory properties of chocolate. This review is designed as a practical guide for researchers and food industries to develop the next generation of functional chocolates. Different functional chocolate formulations, including sugar-free, are reviewed as potential carriers for the delivery of bioactive compounds. The physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of the functional chocolates presented are also highlighted. Finally, future perspectives, such as the use of nanotechnology to improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of active ingredients, as well as the need for clinical trials to validate the pharmacological effect of functional chocolates, are also discussed.
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22
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Nutraceuticals as Potential Targets for the Development of a Functional Beverage for Improving Sleep Quality. BEVERAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages7020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional beverages can be a valuable component of the human diet with the ability to not only provide essential hydration but to deliver important bioactive compounds that can contribute to chronic disease treatment and prevention. One area of the functional beverage market that has seen an increase in demand in recent years are beverages that promote relaxation and sleep. Sleep is an essential biological process, with optimal sleep being defined as one of adequate duration, quality and timing. It is regulated by a number of neurotransmitters which are, in turn, regulated by dietary intake of essential bioactive compounds. This narrative review aimed to evaluate the latest evidence of the sleep promoting properties of a selection of bioactive compounds (such as L-theanine and L-tryptophan) for the development of a functional beverage to improve sleep quality; and the effectiveness of traditional sleep promoting beverages (such as milk and chamomile). Overall, the bioactive compounds identified in this review, play essential roles in the synthesis and regulation of important neurotransmitters involved in the sleep-wake cycle. There is also significant potential for their inclusion in a number of functional beverages as the main ingredient on their own or in combination. Future studies should consider dosage; interactions with the beverage matrix, medications and other nutraceuticals; bioavailability during storage and following ingestion; as well as the sensory profile of the developed beverages, among others, when determining their effectiveness in a functional beverage to improve sleep quality.
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Cano y Postigo LO, Jacobo-Velázquez DA, Guajardo-Flores D, Garcia Amezquita LE, García-Cayuela T. Solid-state fermentation for enhancing the nutraceutical content of agrifood by-products: Recent advances and its industrial feasibility. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ge A, Iqbal S, Kirk TV, Chen XD. Modulating the rheological properties of oil-in-water emulsions using controlled WPI-polysaccharide aggregation in aqueous phases. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Faccinetto-Beltrán P, Gómez-Fernández AR, Orozco-Sánchez NE, Pérez-Carrillo E, Marín-Obispo LM, Hernández-Brenes C, Santacruz A, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Acceptability of a Next-Generation Functional Chocolate Added with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Probiotics. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020333. [PMID: 33557241 PMCID: PMC7913986 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a milk chocolate formulation was developed to serve as vehicle of Omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and probiotics (L. plantarum 299v and L. rhamnosus GG). Fish oil (FO) was incorporated in chocolate as a source of ω3 PUFAs. Probiotics (Prob) and FO were added during tempering, obtaining chocolates with 76.0 ± 5.2 mg (FO1) or 195.8 ± 6.5 mg (FO2) of ω3 PUFAs, and >1 × 106 CFU of Prob per chocolate portion (12 g). The physicochemical properties (rheological analysis, texture, surface instrumental color, aw, and fatty acid profile), and sensory acceptability of the formulations were determined. Prob and FO generated a decrease in L* and white index (WI) values. Except for Prob + FO2, all treatments showed a decrease in aw. Rheological parameters of FO1 and Prob + FO1 presented the most similar behavior as compared with the control. Prob or FO1 addition did not affect the overall consumer’s acceptability of chocolate; and when both nutraceuticals were combined (Prob + FO1) the product showed adequate overall acceptability. FO2 formulations were not considered adequate to maintain physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of chocolate. Results indicated that milk chocolate is a suitable vehicle for delivering ω3 PUFAs and Prob, which are essential to enhance cognitive development in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulinna Faccinetto-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
| | - Andrea R. Gómez-Fernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
| | - Norma E. Orozco-Sánchez
- Escuela Mexicana de Confitería y Chocolatería, Melchor Ocampo 926, San Luis Potosi C.P. 78280, SLP, Mexico;
| | - Esther Pérez-Carrillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Luis Martín Marín-Obispo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Arlette Santacruz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, NL, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (L.M.M.-O.); (C.H.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan C.P. 45201, Jal, Mexico; (P.F.-B.); (A.R.G.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-818-358-2000 (ext. 4821)
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Viacava F, Ramos-Parra PA, Welti-Chanes J, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing of Whole Carrots: Effect of Static and Multi-Pulsed Mild Intensity Hydrostatic Pressure Treatments on Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020219. [PMID: 33494486 PMCID: PMC7911246 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of static and multi-pulsed mild-intensity high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatments (60 or 100 MPa, ~23 °C) on the extractability and accumulation of phenolics and carotenoids in whole carrots were evaluated. HHP treatments were applied for the time needed to reach the desired pressure (come-up-time, CUT) either as a single pulse or multi-pulse (2P, 3P, and 4P). Likewise, a single sustained treatment (5 min) applied at 60 or 100 MPa was evaluated. Individual carotenoids, free and bound phenolics were quantified after HHP treatment and subsequent storage (48 h, 15 °C). As an immediate HHP response, phenolic extractability increased by 66.65% and 80.77% in carrots treated with 3P 100 MPa and 4P 60 MPa, respectively. After storage, CUT 60 MPa treatment accumulated free (163.05%) and bound (36.95%) phenolics. Regarding carotenoids, total xanthophylls increased by 27.16% after CUT 60 MPa treatment, whereas no changes were observed after storage. Results indicate that HHP processing of whole carrots at mild conditions is a feasible innovative tool to enhance the nutraceutical properties of whole carrots by increasing their free and bound phenolic content while maintaining carotenoid levels. HHP treated carrots can be used as a new functional food or as raw material for the production of food and beverages with enhanced levels of nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Viacava
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico; (F.V.); (P.A.R.-P.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Perla A. Ramos-Parra
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico; (F.V.); (P.A.R.-P.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Jorge Welti-Chanes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico; (F.V.); (P.A.R.-P.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan Jalisco 45201, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-818-358-2000 (ext. 4821)
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Roana J, Mandras N, Scalas D, Campagna P, Tullio V. Antifungal Activity of Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil (TTO) and Its Synergy with Itraconazole or Ketoconazole against Trichophyton rubrum. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020461. [PMID: 33477259 PMCID: PMC7830555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 20–30 years, Trichophyton rubrum represented the most widespread dermatophyte with a prevalence accounting for 70% of dermatophytosis. The treatment for cutaneous infections caused by Trichophyton spp. are imidazoles (ketoconazole (KTZ)) and triazoles (itraconazole (ITZ)). T. rubrum can develop resistance to azoles after prolonged exposure to subinhibitory concentrations resulting in therapeutic failures and chronic infections. These problems have stimulated the search for therapeutic alternatives, including essential oils, and their potential use in combination with conventional antifungals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of tea tree oil (TTO) (Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil) and the main components against T. rubrum and to assess whether TTO in association with KTZ/ITZ as reference drugs improves the antifungal activity of these drugs. We used a terpinen-4-ol chemotype (35.88%) TTO, and its antifungal properties were evaluated by minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. The interaction between TTO and azoles was evaluated through the checkerboard and isobologram methods. The results demonstrated both the fungicide activity of TTO on T. rubrum and the synergism when it was used in combination with azoles. Therefore, this mixture may reduce the minimum effective dose of azole required and minimize the side effects of the therapy. Synergy activity offered a promise for combination topical treatment for superficial mycoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janira Roana
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Turin, via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy; (J.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Turin, via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy; (J.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Daniela Scalas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy;
| | - Paolo Campagna
- Società Italiana per la Ricerca Sugli Oli Essenziali, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vivian Tullio
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Turin, via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, Italy; (J.R.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5637
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Kumar P, Sinha R, Shukla P. Artificial intelligence and synthetic biology approaches for human gut microbiome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2103-2121. [PMID: 33249867 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1850415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome comprises a variety of microorganisms whose genes encode proteins to carry out crucial metabolic functions that are responsible for the majority of health-related issues in human beings. The advent of the technological revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) assisted synthetic biology (SB) approaches will play a vital role in the modulating the therapeutic and nutritive potential of probiotics. This can turn human gut as a reservoir of beneficial bacterial colonies having an immense role in immunity, digestion, brain function, and other health benefits. Hence, in the present review, we have discussed the role of several gene editing tools and approaches in synthetic biology that have equipped us with novel tools like Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR-Cas) systems to precisely engineer probiotics for diagnostic, therapeutic and nutritive value. A brief discussion over the AI techniques to understand the metagenomic data from the healthy and diseased gut microbiome is also presented. Further, the role of AI in potentially impacting the pace of developments in SB and its current challenges is also discussed. The review also describes the health benefits conferred by engineered microbes through the production of biochemicals, nutraceuticals, drugs or biotherapeutics molecules etc. Finally, the review concludes with the challenges and regulatory concerns in adopting synthetic biology engineered microbes for clinical applications. Thus, the review presents a synergistic approach of AI and SB toward human gut microbiome for better health which will provide interesting clues to researchers working in the area of rapidly evolving food and nutrition science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasoon Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.,Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.,Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Jacobo-Velázquez DA, Cisneros-Zevallos L. Bioactive Phenolics and Polyphenols: Current Advances and Future Trends. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176142. [PMID: 32858895 PMCID: PMC7504212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey NL C.P. 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: (D.A.J.-V.); (L.C.-Z.); Tel.: +52-818-358-2000 (ext. 4821) (D.A.J.-V.); +1-979-845-3244 (L.C.-Z.)
| | - Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133, USA
- Correspondence: (D.A.J.-V.); (L.C.-Z.); Tel.: +52-818-358-2000 (ext. 4821) (D.A.J.-V.); +1-979-845-3244 (L.C.-Z.)
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McClements DJ. Nano-enabled personalized nutrition: Developing multicomponent-bioactive colloidal delivery systems. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 282:102211. [PMID: 32721626 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the production of foods and beverages with nutrient and nutraceutical profiles tailored to an individual's specific nutritional requirements. In principle, these personalized nutrition products are formulated based on the genetics, epigenetics, metabolism, microbiome, phenotype, lifestyle, age, gender, and health status of a person. A challenge in this area is to create customized functional food and beverage products that contain the required combination of bioactive agents, such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, nutraceuticals, prebiotics and probiotics. Nanotechnology may facilitate the development of these kind of products since it can be used to encapsulate one or more bioactive agent in a single colloidal delivery system. This delivery system may contain one or more different kinds of colloidal particle, specifically designed to protect each nutrient in the food, but then deliver it in a bioavailable form after ingestion. This review article provides an overview of the different kinds of bioactives that need to be delivered, as well as some of the challenges associated with incorporating them into functional foods and beverages. It then highlights how nanotech-enabled colloidal delivery systems can be developed to encapsulate multiple bioactive agents in a form suitable for functional food applications, particularly in the personalized nutrition field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Designing Next-Generation Functional Food and Beverages: Combining Nonthermal Processing Technologies and Postharvest Abiotic Stresses. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-020-09244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Santana-Gálvez J, Villela-Castrejón J, Serna-Saldívar SO, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Synergistic Combinations of Curcumin, Sulforaphane, and Dihydrocaffeic Acid against Human Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093108. [PMID: 32354075 PMCID: PMC7246525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceutical combinations that act synergistically could be a powerful solution against colon cancer, which is the second deadliest malignancy worldwide. In this study, curcumin (C), sulforaphane (S), and dihydrocaffeic acid (D, a chlorogenic acid metabolite) were evaluated, individually and in different combinations, over the viability of HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells, and compared against healthy fetal human colon (FHC) cells. The cytotoxic concentrations to kill 50%, 75%, and 90% of the cells (CC50, CC75, and CC90) were obtained, using the MTS assay. Synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects were determined by using the combination index (CI) method. The 1:1 combination of S and D exerted synergistic effects against HT-29 at 90% cytotoxicity level (doses 90:90 µM), whereas CD(1:4) was synergistic at all cytotoxicity levels (9:36–34:136 µM) and CD(9:2) at 90% (108:24 µM) against Caco-2 cells. SD(1:1) was significantly more cytotoxic for cancer cells than healthy cells, while CD(1:4) and CD(9:2) were similarly or more cytotoxic for healthy cells. Therefore, the SD(1:1) combination was chosen as the best. A model explaining SD(1:1) synergy is proposed. SD(1:1) can be used as a basis to develop advanced food products for the prevention/co-treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Santana-Gálvez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL C.P. 64849, Mexico
| | - Javier Villela-Castrejón
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL C.P. 64849, Mexico
| | - Sergio O. Serna-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL C.P. 64849, Mexico
| | - Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133, USA
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL C.P. 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-3669-3000
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Nanoscale Delivery System for Nutraceuticals: Preparation, Application, Characterization, Safety, and Future Trends. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-019-09208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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