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Zhou X, Zhang J, Shen J, Cheng B, Bi C, Ma Q. Branched-chain amino acid modulation of lipid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and inflammation in a finishing pig model: targeting leucine and valine. Food Funct 2023; 14:10119-10134. [PMID: 37882496 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play a regulatory role in adipogenesis and energy balance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of BCAA supplements, especially leucine (Leu) and valine (Val) supplementation, on lipid metabolism and related disorders in a finishing pig model. The results demonstrated that Leu (1%) and Val decreased serum as well as hepatic lipid accumulation. Moreover, metabolomics and lipidomics analyses revealed that Leu and Val markedly downregulated the level of various lipid species in the liver. This outcome may be explained by Leu and Val promoting cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) signaling pathways. Leu and Val altered the fatty acid composition in distinct adipose tissues and decreased the levels of inflammatory factors. Additionally, they significantly decreased back fat thickness, and the results of the fatty acid profiles demonstrated that Leu and Val significantly increased the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) while decreasing those of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), especially in back fat and abdominal fat. Besides, Leu and Val restored glucose homeostasis by suppressing gluconeogenesis through the serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT)/transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) signaling pathway in the liver and back fat. In summary, these results suggest that Leu and Val may serve as key regulators for modulating lipid metabolism and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Jian Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Baojing Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Chongpeng Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Qingquan Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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2
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Wang X, Wu L, Tao J, Ye H, Wang J, Gao R, Liu W. A lipidomic approach to bisphenol F-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-like changes: altered lipid components in a murine model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:112644-112659. [PMID: 37837594 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a typical environmental endocrine disruptor, is an "obesogen" that can induce lipid accumulation in the liver. Highly similar in structure to BPA, bisphenol F (BPF) is becoming the dominant BPA substitute on the market, which attracts more and more attention due to its potential adverse effects. Recently, BPF exposure is found to cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-like changes; however, the underlying toxic effects remain poorly understood. Therefore, in the current study, we focused on BPF-mediated lipid homeostasis, especially the alterations of lipid components and metabolism. In human serum, the BPF levels in healthy controls and NAFLD patients were assessed by ELISA, and BPF-induced disturbance of lipid metabolism was evaluated in mouse model via non-targeted lipomic methods with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. It suggested that BPF exposure was positively correlated with NAFLD severity and triglyceride level in patients. Based on the relationships, lipid metabolites were assessed in mouse livers between control and BPF-treated group, and it revealed that twenty-six lipid metabolites (including phospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerides) were significantly changed in mouse livers. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and diglyceryl ester levels were lower than those in the control mice; hexose ceramide content in sphingolipids markedly increased in BPF-treated mouse livers. Noteworthily, the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway was found to be the most pronounced in BPF-induced disturbance of lipid metabolism. Therefore, the current study, for the first time, is deciphering the BPF-induced lipid metabolic disturbance, which may provide novel intervention strategies for BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Wang
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingxian Tao
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heyong Ye
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Rong Gao
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wenwei Liu
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China.
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Struwe MA, Scheidig AJ, Clement B. The mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component-from prodrug-activation mechanism to drug-metabolizing enzyme and onward to drug target. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105306. [PMID: 37778733 PMCID: PMC10637980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component (mARC) is one of five known molybdenum enzymes in eukaryotes. mARC belongs to the MOSC domain superfamily, a large group of so far poorly studied molybdoenzymes. mARC was initially discovered as the enzyme activating N-hydroxylated prodrugs of basic amidines but has since been shown to also reduce a variety of other N-oxygenated compounds, for example, toxic nucleobase analogs. Under certain circumstances, mARC might also be involved in reductive nitric oxide synthesis through reduction of nitrite. Recently, mARC enzymes have received a lot of attention due to their apparent involvement in lipid metabolism and, in particular, because many genome-wide association studies have shown a common variant of human mARC1 to have a protective effect against liver disease. The mechanism linking mARC enzymes with lipid metabolism remains unknown. Here, we give a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about mARC enzymes, their substrates, structure, and apparent involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel A Struwe
- Zoologisches Institut - Strukturbiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Pharmazeutisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Axel J Scheidig
- Zoologisches Institut - Strukturbiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernd Clement
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Li Q, Wang W, Duan F, Wang Y, Chen S, Shi K, Xia Y, Li X, Gao Y, Liu G. DNMT3B Alleviates Liver Steatosis Induced by Chronic Low-grade LPS via Inhibiting CIDEA Expression. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:59-77. [PMID: 37703946 PMCID: PMC10665944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and threats to human health. Gut dysbiosis caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage has been strongly related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Previous studies have shown that low-grade LPS administration to mice on a standard, low-fat chow diet is sufficient to induce symptoms of fatty liver. This study confirmed these findings and supported LPS as a lipid metabolism regulator in the liver. RESULTS Mechanically, LPS induced dysregulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting the expression of DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B). Genetic overexpression of DNMT3B alleviated LPS-induced lipid accumulation, whereas its knockdown increased steatosis in mice and human hepatocytes. LPS-induced lower expression of DNMT3B led to hypomethylation in promoter region of CIDEA, resulting in increased binding of SREBP-1c to its promoter and activated CIDEA expression. Hepatic interference of CIDEA reversed the effect of LPS on lipogenesis. These effects were independent of a high-fat diet or high fatty acid action. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings sustain the conclusion that LPS is a lipogenic factor and could be involved in hepatic steatosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Feifan Duan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yaju Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Kangyun Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
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5
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Park HJ, Choi J, Kim H, Yang DY, An TH, Lee EW, Han BS, Lee SC, Kim WK, Bae KH, Oh KJ. Cellular heterogeneity and plasticity during NAFLD progression. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1221669. [PMID: 37635938 PMCID: PMC10450943 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1221669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive liver disease that can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), NASH-related cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis (or nonalcoholic fatty liver [NAFL]) to NASH as a progressive form of NAFL, which is characterized by steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning with or without fibrosis. Because of the complex pathophysiological mechanism and the heterogeneity of NAFLD, including its wide spectrum of clinical and histological characteristics, no specific therapeutic drugs have been approved for NAFLD. The heterogeneity of NAFLD is closely associated with cellular plasticity, which describes the ability of cells to acquire new identities or change their phenotypes in response to environmental stimuli. The liver consists of parenchymal cells including hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and nonparenchymal cells including Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and endothelial cells, all of which have specialized functions. This heterogeneous cell population has cellular plasticity to adapt to environmental changes. During NAFLD progression, these cells can exert diverse and complex responses at multiple levels following exposure to a variety of stimuli, including fatty acids, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Therefore, this review provides insights into NAFLD heterogeneity by addressing the cellular plasticity and metabolic adaptation of hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and Kupffer cells during NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Choi
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmi Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yeon Yang
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyeon An
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Soo Han
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Biodefense Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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6
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Ma Q, Wen L, Tian Y, Ma L, Wen Z, Kun Y, Xu M, Liu X. Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate ameliorates the high-fat diet-induced obesity syndrome by reducing intestinal and hepatic absorption. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1193006. [PMID: 37305546 PMCID: PMC10254412 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1193006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A high-fat Western diet is a risk factor for obesity and steatosis. Reducing intestinal absorption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is a feasible strategy to control obesity. Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate (SSO) inhibits intestinal fatty acid transport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SSO on HFD-induced glucose and lipid metabolism in mice and its possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Male C57/BL were fed a HFD (60% calories) for 12 weeks and were administered an oral dose of SSO (50 mg/kg/day). The expression of lipid absorption genes (CD36, MTTP, and DGAT1) and the serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), and free fatty acids (FFAs) were detected. Lipid distribution in the liver was detected by oil red and hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, serum levels of inflammatory factors, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured to detect side effects. Results: SSO was effective in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome induced by HFD in mice. It attenuated the assembly of intestinal epithelial chylomicrons by inhibiting intestinal epithelial transport and absorption of fatty acids, thereby reducing the gene expression levels of MTTP and DGAT1, resulting in decreased plasma TG and FFA levels. At the same time, it inhibited the transport of fatty acids in the liver and improved the steatosis induced by a HFD. The results of oil red staining showed that SSO treatment can reduce lipid accumulation in the liver by 70%, with no drug-induced liver injury detected on the basis of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, ALT, and AST levels. In addition, SSO treatment significantly improved insulin resistance, decreased fasting blood glucose levels, and improved glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. Conclusion: SSO is effective in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome induced by a HFD in mice. SSO reduces intestinal fatty acid absorption by reducing the inhibition of intestinal CD36 expression, followed by decreased TG and FFA levels, which attenuates HFD-induced fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Ma
- The Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Neonatology, Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Centre, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanxia Tian
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liqin Ma
- The Second Department of Surgery, People’s Hospital of Shicheng County, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangsheng Wen
- The CT Room of the Imaging Department, People’s Hospital of Shicheng County, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Kun
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengping Xu
- The Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- The Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Régnier M, Carbinatti T, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. The role of ChREBP in carbohydrate sensing and NAFLD development. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:336-349. [PMID: 37055547 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sugar consumption and defective glucose sensing by hepatocytes contribute to the development of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic metabolism of carbohydrates into lipids is largely dependent on the carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), a transcription factor that senses intracellular carbohydrates and activates many different target genes, through the activation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). This process is crucial for the storage of energy as triglycerides in hepatocytes. Furthermore, ChREBP and its downstream targets represent promising targets for the development of therapies for the treatment of NAFLD and T2DM. Although lipogenic inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase or ATP citrate lyase) are currently under investigation, targeting lipogenesis remains a topic of discussion for NAFLD treatment. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms that regulate ChREBP activity in a tissue-specific manner and their respective roles in controlling DNL and beyond. We also provide in-depth discussion of the roles of ChREBP in the onset and progression of NAFLD and consider emerging targets for NAFLD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Thaïs Carbinatti
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Parlati
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
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8
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Yang X, Batmanov K, Hu W, Zhu K, Tom AY, Guan D, Jiang C, Cheng L, McCright SJ, Yang EC, Lanza MR, Liu Y, Hill DA, Lazar MA. Hepatocytes demarcated by EphB2 contribute to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadc9653. [PMID: 36753562 PMCID: PMC10234568 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Current therapeutic strategies for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have failed to alleviate liver fibrosis, which is a devastating feature leading to hepatic dysfunction. Here, we integrated single-nucleus transcriptomics and epigenomics to characterize all major liver cell types during NASH development in mice and humans. The bifurcation of hepatocyte trajectory with NASH progression was conserved between mice and humans. At the nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) stage, hepatocytes exhibited metabolic adaptation, whereas at the NASH stage, a subset of hepatocytes was enriched for the signatures of cell adhesion and migration, which were mainly demarcated by receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type B receptor 2 (EphB2). EphB2, acting as a downstream effector of Notch signaling in hepatocytes, was sufficient to induce cell-autonomous inflammation. Knockdown of Ephb2 in hepatocytes ameliorated inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of NASH. Thus, EphB2-expressing hepatocytes contribute to NASH progression and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenxiang Hu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangdong 510005, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexander Y. Tom
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dongyin Guan
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunjie Jiang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lan Cheng
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sam J. McCright
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA19104, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Eric C. Yang
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew R. Lanza
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yifan Liu
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David A. Hill
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Lead Contact
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Dehydrovomifoliol Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via the E2F1/AKT/mTOR Axis: Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Docking Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9107598. [PMID: 36777627 PMCID: PMC9908351 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9107598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective Herbal medicine discovery is a complex and time-consuming process, while pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking methods enable simple and economic studies. The pharmacophore model provides an abstract description of essential intermolecular interactions between chemical structures, and the molecular docking technology can identify novel compounds of therapeutic interests and predict the ligand-target interaction at the molecular level. This study was based on the two methods to elucidate the mechanism of dehydrovomifoliol, an active ingredient extracted from Artemisia frigida willd, in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen target genes of dehydrovomifoliol in NAFLD treatment, which were thus intersected with NAFLD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and NAFLD-related genes. Venn diagram was used to identify candidate DEGs. A pharmacophore model was then generated, and molecular docking was performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify core genes, which were evaluated using GO and the KEGG enrichment analyses. Results Seven target genes of dehydrovomifoliol in NAFLD treatment were screened out, namely E2F1, MERTK, SOX17, MMP9, SULT2A1, VEGFA, and BLVRA. The pharmacophore model and molecular docking of candidate DEGs and dehydrovomifoliol were successfully constructed. E2F1 was identified as a core gene of dehydrovomifoliol in NAFLD treatment. Further enrichment analysis indicated the regulatory role of E2F1 in fat metabolism was associated with the regulation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Overall, this study illustrates the anti-NAFLD mechanism of dehydrovomifoliol, which could be a useful compound for developing novel drugs in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Li X, Shan K, Li C, Zhou G. Intermittent Protein Diets Alter Hepatic Lipid Accumulation by Changing Tryptophan Metabolism in a Fast-Response Manner. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3261-3272. [PMID: 36634216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In modern life, the fluctuation of dietary protein levels is common, in particular, for low-income populations. However, its effect on human health is little known. Alternating changes of low and high casein or pork protein were used to simulate the fluctuation of dietary protein content in mice. Hepatic lipid accumulation showed a fast response to alternating changes of low- and high-protein diets. Correspondingly, some gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolite composition also showed a fast response to dietary protein changes. The fast response of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) was proven to inhibit hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro. Therefore, intermittent protein diets modulated hepatic lipid accumulation through 3-HK. These findings highlighted the sensitivity of hepatic lipid accumulation to dietary protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Kai Shan
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
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11
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Johnson AM, Anderson G, Arguelles-Ramos M, Ali AAB. Effect of dietary essential oil of oregano on performance parameters, gastrointestinal traits, blood lipid profile, and antioxidant capacity of laying hens during the pullet phase. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1072712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many benefits have been found in supplementing essential oils such as oregano oil (EOO) to poultry, including increased body weight gain, antioxidant activity, and better gastrointestinal morphology. However, few studies tested the influence of EOO supplementation on laying hens and reported conflicting results regarding its efficacy in improving their health and performance. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of dietary EOO on performance, gastrointestinal (GIT) traits, blood lipid, and antioxidant capacity in laying hens during the rearing phase. A total of 300-day-old Hy-line-Brown chicks were used, and treatment diets consisted of corn-soybean based either without (CON) or with EOO (Ecodiar®, 0.275 g/kg diet). Birds were randomized across treatments with five pens/treatment and 30-birds/pen. Pen weights and feed rejected were recorded every two weeks (1-17 weeks of age), to calculate daily feed intake (ADFI), body weight (BW), and daily weight gain (ADWG). At 11 and 14 weeks of age, blood samples were collected from 3 birds/pen and analyzed for blood lipids and antioxidant levels, and 5-birds/treatment were euthanized, and GIT traits were tested. Differences in measured parameters across weeks and between treatments were assessed using GLMM with Tukey’s Post hoc test applied to significant results in R 3.3.1 (α set at 0.05). Body weights at weeks 3, 11, 13, and 17 were significantly higher in the EOO group compared to the CON group (all P ≤ 0.05), ADWG was significantly higher in EOO birds compared to CON birds at 9 and 13 weeks old (all P ≤ 0.05), while no significant differences in ADFI were observed between treatments across weeks of the trials. At both 11 and 17 weeks old, triglyceride levels were significantly lower, while high-density-lipoprotein levels were higher in EOO (all P ≤ 0.05). Malondialdehyde levels were lower in the EOO group versus CON (p=0.01), while EOO birds had higher glutathione levels (p=0.01) than CON. Finally, at 12 weeks old, the weight of the entire GIT and empty gizzard were higher in the EOO group versus CON (all P ≤ 0.05), while liver and spleen weights were not significantly different between groups. In conclusion, dietary oregano supplementation exerted promoting effects on the performance of Hy-Line Brown pullets.
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12
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Pansa CC, Molica LR, Moraes KCM. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease establishment and progression: genetics and epigenetics as relevant modulators of the pathology. Scand J Gastroenterol 2022; 58:521-533. [PMID: 36426638 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2148835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) results from metabolic dysfunctions that affect more than one-third of the world population. Over the last decades, scientific investigations have clarified many details on the pathology establishment and development; however, effective therapeutics approaches are still evasive. In addition, studies demonstrated that NAFLD establishment and progression are related to several etiologies. Recently, genetics and epigenetics backgrounds have emerged as relevant elements to the pathology onset, and, hence, deserve deep investigation to clarify molecular details on NAFLD signaling, which may be correlated with population behavior. Thus, to minimize the global problem, public health and public policies should take advantage of studies on NAFLD over the next following decades. METHODS In this context, we have performed a selective literature review focusing on biochemistry of lipid metabolism, genetics, epigenetics, and the ethnicity as strong elements that drive NAFLD establishment. RESULTS Considering the etiological agents that acts on NAFLD development and progression, the genetics and the epigenetics emerged as relevant factors. Genetics acts as a powerful element in the establishment and progression of the NAFLD. Over the last decades, details concerning genes and their polymorphisms, as well as epigenetics, have been considered relevant elements in the systems biology of diseases, and their effects on NAFLD should be considered in-depth, as well as the ethnicity, clarifying whether people are susceptible to liver diseases. Moreover, the endemicity and social problems of hepatic disfunction are far to be solved, which require a combined effort of various sectors of society. CONCLUSION Hence, the elements presented and discussed in this short review demonstrated their relevance to the physiological control of NAFLD, opening perspectives for research to develop new strategy to treat fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cristiane Pansa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Cellular Signalling and Gene Expression Laboratory, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ramos Molica
- Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Cellular Signalling and Gene Expression Laboratory, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Karen C M Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Cellular Signalling and Gene Expression Laboratory, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, Brazil
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Ablation of sphingosine kinase 2 suppresses fatty liver-associated hepatocellular carcinoma via downregulation of ceramide transfer protein. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:67. [PMID: 36333295 PMCID: PMC9636415 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 90% of primary liver cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. With the increasing prevalence of metabolic conditions, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the fastest-growing HCC risk factor, and it imposes an additional layer of difficulty in HCC management. Dysregulated hepatic lipids are generally believed to constitute a deleterious environment cultivating the development of NAFLD-associated HCC. However, exactly which lipids or lipid regulators drive this process remains elusive. We report herein that sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), a key sphingolipid metabolic enzyme, plays a critical role in NAFLD-associated HCC. Ablation of Sphk2 suppressed HCC development in NAFLD livers via inhibition of hepatocyte proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, SphK2 deficiency led to downregulation of ceramide transfer protein (CERT) that, in turn, decreased the ratio of pro-cancer sphingomyelin (SM) to anti-cancer ceramide. Overexpression of CERT restored hepatocyte proliferation, colony growth and cell cycle progression. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that SphK2 is an essential lipid regulator in NAFLD-associated HCC, providing experimental evidence to support clinical trials of SphK2 inhibitors as systemic therapies against HCC.
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Savva C, Helguero LA, González-Granillo M, Melo T, Couto D, Angelin B, Domingues MR, Li X, Kutter C, Korach-André M. Molecular programming modulates hepatic lipid metabolism and adult metabolic risk in the offspring of obese mothers in a sex-specific manner. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1057. [PMID: 36195702 PMCID: PMC9532402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Male and female offspring of obese mothers are known to differ extensively in their metabolic adaptation and later development of complications. We investigate the sex-dependent responses in obese offspring mice with maternal obesity, focusing on changes in liver glucose and lipid metabolism. Here we show that maternal obesity prior to and during gestation leads to hepatic steatosis and inflammation in male offspring, while female offspring are protected. Females from obese mothers display important changes in hepatic transcriptional activity and triglycerides profile which may prevent the damaging effects of maternal obesity compared to males. These differences are sustained later in life, resulting in a better metabolic balance in female offspring. In conclusion, sex and maternal obesity drive differently transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of major metabolic processes in offspring liver, explaining the sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated metabolic risk. Sex and maternal obesity drive differently transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of major metabolic processes in the livers of female and male offspring, contributing to the sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Savva
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa A Helguero
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Couto
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bo Angelin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Xidan Li
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marion Korach-André
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Gene Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Cheng Q, Zhang J, Fang J, Ding H, Xu Y, Lu X, Zhang W. Untargeted metabolomics reveals the role of AQP9 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a mice model. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:864-875. [PMID: 35961555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AQP9 plays an important role in energy metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, metabolomic analyses were used to determine the slight changes in metabolic profiles and helped to understand the disease progression, therapeutic intervention of NAFLD. A mouse model of NAFLD was established with a high-fat diet (HFD), and Aqp9 knockout mice were constructed. Untargeted metabolomics techniques were used to evaluate the potential mechanism of the effect of AQP9 in NAFLD. The results indicated that AQP9 plays a regulatory role in the occurrence of NAFLD. Moreover, a total of 220 candidate biomarkers were screened and identified. Cluster analysis and enrichment analysis of differential metabolites indicated that fatty acid biosynthesis was mainly disturbed when compared against the control group, which was mitigated by knockout of Aqp9. These results show that untargeted metabolomics help to understand the effects of AQP9 in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quancheng Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jinyu Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiru Ding
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiyao Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Acacetin Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094687. [PMID: 35563076 PMCID: PMC9103759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that acacetin reduces adipogenesis in adipocytes, and decreases lipid accumulation in visceral adipocyte tissue. Here we investigated whether acacetin regulated the mechanisms of lipogenesis and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and then administered acacetin by intraperitoneal injection. Acacetin reduced body weight and liver weight in obese mice. Acacetin-treated obese mice exhibited decreased lipid accumulation, increased glycogen accumulation, and improved hepatocyte steatosis. Acacetin regulated triglycerides and total cholesterol in the liver and serum. Acacetin decreased low-density lipoprotein and leptin concentrations, but increased high-density lipoprotein and adiponectin levels in obese mice. Acacetin effectively weakened the gene expressions of transcription factors related to lipogenesis, and promoted the expressions of genes related to lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation in liver. Acacetin also reduced expressions of inflammation-related cytokines in the serum and liver. Oleic acid induced lipid accumulation in murine FL83B hepatocytes, and the effects of acacetin treatment indicated that acacetin may regulate lipid metabolism through the AMPK pathway. Acacetin may protect against hepatic steatosis by modulating inflammation and AMPK expression.
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17
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Amelioration of hepatic steatosis by dietary essential amino acid-induced ubiquitination. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1528-1542.e10. [PMID: 35245436 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health concern with no approved drugs. High-protein dietary intervention is currently the most effective treatment. However, its underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, using Drosophila oenocytes, the specialized hepatocyte-like cells, we find that dietary essential amino acids ameliorate hepatic steatosis by inducing polyubiquitination of Plin2, a lipid droplet-stabilizing protein. Leucine and isoleucine, two branched-chain essential amino acids, strongly bind to and activate the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ubr1, targeting Plin2 for degradation. We further show that the amino acid-induced Ubr1 activity is necessary to prevent steatosis in mouse livers and cultured human hepatocytes, providing molecular insight into the anti-NAFLD effects of dietary protein/amino acids. Importantly, split-intein-mediated trans-splicing expression of constitutively active UBR2, an Ubr1 family member, significantly ameliorates obesity-induced and high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. Together, our results highlight activation of Ubr1 family proteins as a promising strategy in NAFLD treatment.
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18
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Doridot L, Hannou SA, Krawczyk SA, Tong W, Kim MS, McElroy GS, Fowler AJ, Astapova II, Herman MA. A Systems Approach Dissociates Fructose-Induced Liver Triglyceride from Hypertriglyceridemia and Hyperinsulinemia in Male Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3642. [PMID: 34684643 PMCID: PMC8540719 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined as the co-occurrence of disorders including obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, has become increasingly prevalent in the world over recent decades. Dietary and other environmental factors interacting with genetic predisposition are likely contributors to this epidemic. Among the involved dietary factors, excessive fructose consumption may be a key contributor. When fructose is consumed in large amounts, it can quickly produce many of the features of MetS both in humans and mice. The mechanisms by which fructose contributes to metabolic disease and its potential interactions with genetic factors in these processes remain uncertain. Here, we generated a small F2 genetic cohort of male mice derived from crossing fructose-sensitive and -resistant mouse strains to investigate the interrelationships between fructose-induced metabolic phenotypes and to identify hepatic transcriptional pathways that associate with these phenotypes. Our analysis indicates that the hepatic transcriptional pathways associated with fructose-induced hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia are distinct from those that associate with fructose-mediated changes in body weight and liver triglyceride. These results suggest that multiple independent mechanisms and pathways may contribute to different aspects of fructose-induced metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Doridot
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.D.); (S.A.K.); (M.-S.K.); (G.S.M.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Sarah A. Hannou
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (S.A.H.); (W.T.); (I.I.A.)
| | - Sarah A. Krawczyk
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.D.); (S.A.K.); (M.-S.K.); (G.S.M.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Wenxin Tong
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (S.A.H.); (W.T.); (I.I.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Mi-Sung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.D.); (S.A.K.); (M.-S.K.); (G.S.M.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Gregory S. McElroy
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.D.); (S.A.K.); (M.-S.K.); (G.S.M.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Alan J. Fowler
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.D.); (S.A.K.); (M.-S.K.); (G.S.M.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Inna I. Astapova
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (S.A.H.); (W.T.); (I.I.A.)
| | - Mark A. Herman
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA; (S.A.H.); (W.T.); (I.I.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Sabnis RW. Novel Diacylglycerol Acetyltransferase 2 Inhibitors for Treating Liver Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1073-1074. [PMID: 34267875 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ram W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1230 Peachtree Street NE, Suite 3100, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
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Ryu J, Hadley JT, Li Z, Dong F, Xu H, Xin X, Zhang Y, Chen C, Li S, Guo X, Zhao JL, Leach RJ, Abdul-Ghani MA, DeFronzo RA, Kamat A, Liu F, Dong LQ. Adiponectin Alleviates Diet-Induced Inflammation in the Liver by Suppressing MCP-1 Expression and Macrophage Infiltration. Diabetes 2021; 70:1303-1316. [PMID: 34162682 PMCID: PMC8275886 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine that exerts insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory roles in insulin target tissues including liver. While the insulin-sensitizing function of adiponectin has been extensively investigated, the precise mechanism by which adiponectin alleviates diet-induced hepatic inflammation remains elusive. Here, we report that hepatocyte-specific knockout (KO) of the adaptor protein APPL2 enhanced adiponectin sensitivity and prevented mice from developing high-fat diet-induced inflammation, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, although it caused fatty liver. The improved anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in the APPL2 hepatocyte-specific KO mice were largely reversed by knocking out adiponectin. Mechanistically, hepatocyte APPL2 deficiency enhances adiponectin signaling in the liver, which blocks TNF-α-stimulated MCP-1 expression via inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling pathway, leading to reduced macrophage infiltration and thus reduced inflammation in the liver. With results taken together, our study uncovers a mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory role of adiponectin in the liver and reveals the hepatic APPL2-mTORC1-MCP-1 axis as a potential target for treating overnutrition-induced inflammation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Ryu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jason T Hadley
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Xiaoban Xin
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Cang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Senlin Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Xiaoning Guo
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jared L Zhao
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Robin J Leach
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Amrita Kamat
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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