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Grados L, Pérot M, Barbezier N, Delayre-Orthez C, Bach V, Fumery M, Anton PM, Gay-Quéheillard J. How advanced are we on the consequences of oral exposure to food contaminants on the occurrence of chronic non communicable diseases? CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135260. [PMID: 35688194 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of an individual during fetal life and childhood is characterized by rapid growth as well as gradual maturation of organs and systems. Beyond the nutritional intake in essential nutrients, food contaminants can permanently influence the way organs mature and function. These processes are called "programming" and play an essential role in the occurrence of non-communicable chronic diseases throughout the lifespan. Populations as pregnant women, fetuses and young children are vulnerable and particularly sensitive to food contaminants which can induce epigenetic modifications transmissible to future generations. Among these contaminants, pesticides are found in most food matrices exposing humans to cocktails of molecules through variable concentrations and duration of exposure. The Maillard reaction products (MRPs) represent other food contaminants resulting from heat treatment of food. Modern diet, rich in fats and sugars, is also rich in neoformed pathogenic compounds, Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs), the levels of which depend on the heat treatment of foods and eating habits and whose effects on health are controversial. In this review, we have chosen to present the current knowledge on the impacts of selected pesticides and MRPs, on the risk of developing during life non-communicable chronic diseases such as IBD, metabolic disorders or allergies. A large review of literature was performed via Pubmed, and the most appropriate studies were summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Grados
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France; CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service D'hépato-gastro-entérologie, Rond-point Du Pr Cabrol, Amiens, France
| | - Maxime Pérot
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Nicolas Barbezier
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Carine Delayre-Orthez
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France
| | - Mathurin Fumery
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France; CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service D'hépato-gastro-entérologie, Rond-point Du Pr Cabrol, Amiens, France
| | - Pauline M Anton
- Transformations and Agroressources (URL 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université D'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Jérôme Gay-Quéheillard
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 INERIS, Université Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, CHU Amiens Picardie, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens, France.
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Islam JY, Mohamed A, Umbach DM, London SJ, Henneberger PK, Beane Freeman LE, Sandler DP, Hoppin JA. Allergic and non-allergic wheeze among farm women in the Agricultural Health Study (2005-2010). Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:oemed-2022-108252. [PMID: 35940867 PMCID: PMC9905343 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farms represent complex environments for respiratory exposures including hays, grains and pesticides. Little is known about the impact of these exposures on women's respiratory health. We evaluated the association of farm exposures with allergic and non-allergic wheeze among women in the Agricultural Health Study, a study of farmers and their spouses based in Iowa and North Carolina. METHODS We used self-reported data (2005-2010) on current use (≤12 months) of 15 pesticides (selected based on frequency of use) and occupational farm activities from 20 164 women. We defined allergic wheeze as reporting wheeze and doctor-diagnosed hay fever (7%) and non-allergic wheeze as wheeze but not hay fever (8%) in the past 12 months. Using polytomous logistic regression, we evaluated associations of wheeze subtypes with pesticides and other farm exposures (eg, raising farm animals) using no wheeze/hay fever as the referent, adjusting for age, body mass index, state, current asthma, glyphosate use and smoking. RESULTS Current use of any pesticide, reported by 7% of women, was associated with both allergic (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.67) and non-allergic (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.51) wheeze. Four pesticides were associated with at least one wheeze subtype: glyphosate, with both wheeze subtypes; diazinon and fly spray with only allergic wheeze; carbaryl with only non-allergic wheeze. Working weekly with mouldy hay was associated with allergic (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.80) and non-allergic wheeze (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.42). CONCLUSION Use of specific pesticides and certain farm activities may contribute to wheeze among farm women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biological Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - David M Umbach
- Biostatistics Branch, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jane A Hoppin
- Department of Biological Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Pulmonary toxicity associated with occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and herbicides. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2021; 27:278-283. [PMID: 33882510 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Critical review on the notion that exposure to pesticides and herbicides lead to adverse effects in pulmonary health. RECENT FINDINGS The lung effects of several chemical classes of pesticides and herbicides is biologically plausible. However, the studies that describe the association between exposure and toxic lung effects have numerous limitations. Critical evaluation of the studies that are performed shows that assessment of occupational or environmental exposure to pesticides and herbicides is cumbersome. Moreover, the health effects are not always clearly established due to the use of questionnaires and self-reported data instead of lung function measurements or diagnostic work-up by physicians.Future studies should preferably better characterize the exposure. Genetic phenotyping should be included to understand and strengthen possible (individual) associations between exposure and health outcome. It should be realized that combined exposure to multiple environmental chemicals may lead to different health effects than exposure to individual chemicals. SUMMARY The relation between exposure to pesticides and herbicides and lung toxicity is less clear than generally assumed. Adverse lung effects seem multifactorial and needs further research. Preventive measures remain key.
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Parizi JLS, de Mello Odorizzi GAS, Sato GMRH, Patrão IB, Nai GA. Oral mucosa changes associated with chronic oral and inhalation exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D) in Wistar rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:746-757. [PMID: 33447360 PMCID: PMC7786168 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract and the oral mucosa are the first areas contaminated by pesticides. The herbicide dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a widely used pesticide across the world for both crops and gardens. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral mucosal damage after an experimental simulation of chronic oral and inhalational environmental exposure to 2,4-D formulation. Eighty male Wistar rats were exposed to three distinct concentrations of 2,4-D formulation (low-187.17 mg/m3; medium-313.31 mg/m3; and high-467.93 mg/m3). Oral exposure (through contaminated feed) or inhalation exposure lasted 6 months. Rat tongues were collected for cyto- and histopathology. There was a difference between exposure groups in the intensity of tissue congestion. Most rats exposed to 2,4-D presented mucosal inflammation at both cytology and histology (P < 0.05). Hyperkeratosis only occurred in rats exposed orally at the high concentration. There was an increase in the number of nucleoli-organizing regions in the dorsal epithelium as the 2,4-D concentration increased (P < 0.001). The inhalation route was more associated with increased mitosis figures and nucleoli-organizing region count (P < 0.05). Chronic oral and inhalation exposure to high concentrations of 2,4-D formulation caused an increase in the proliferation rate and thickness of the tongue epithelium and stimulated the inflammatory response in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Santos Parizi
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabela Bocardi Patrão
- Dental College, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alborghetti Nai
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
- Dental College, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19050-680, Brazil
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Parizi JLS, Tolardo AJ, Lisboa ACG, Barravieira B, de Azevedo Mello F, Rossi RC, Nai GA. Evaluation of buccal damage associated with acute inhalation exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in mice. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:244. [PMID: 32664986 PMCID: PMC7362426 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbicide dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most widely used crop spraying products in the world. Some pesticides induce the degranulation of mast cells and increase allergic responses. This is the first study to evaluate the damage to the oral mucosa after an experimental simulation of environmental inhalation exposure to the 2,4-D herbicide. The aim of this study was evaluate the possible oral damage caused by acute inhalation exposure to the herbicide 2,4-D. RESULTS There was a difference between the exposure concentrations in relation to tissue congestion intensity (p = 0.002) and mast cell counts (p = 0.002), a difference in the evaluation of the interaction between the exposure concentrations and nebulization time in the dorsum epithelium thickness (p = 0.013), and a significant correlation between the epithelial thickness and the number of nucleoli organizing regions on the dorsum of the tongue (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Even after acute exposure, the herbicide 2,4-D had the potential to damage the oral epithelium, especially at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Santos Parizi
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Jodas Tolardo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Gomes Lisboa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barravieira
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Fabíola de Azevedo Mello
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Renata Calciolari Rossi
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program on Environment and Regional Development, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alborghetti Nai
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica e Citopatologia, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Rua José Bongiovani, 700, SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brasil.
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Król T, Trybus W, Trybus E, Kopacz-Bednarska A, Kowalczyk M, Brytan M, Paluch M, Antkowiak B, Saracyn M, Król G, Ciechanowska M. Assessment of exogenous melatonin action on mouse liver cells after exposure to soman. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 64:147-154. [PMID: 30391876 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone with many different biological activities and therefore seems to be an important factor reducing the harmful effects caused by toxic organophosphorus compounds. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin on liver cells of mice challenged with chemical warfare agent-soman. The study was conducted at the level of ultrastructural and biochemical changes (analysis of the activity of model lysosomal enzymes and assessment of the level of lipid peroxidation). Significant biochemical and ultrastructural changes were found in the studied mouse hepatocytes after administration of soman alone, and soman in combination with melatonin, and the scope of the disclosed changes was dependent on the time of action of the examined factors. Melatonin has shown protective action, shielding liver cells from toxic effects of soman, which may result from its antioxidant properties and stimulation of the lysosomal compartment, the system coordinating the isolation and removal of cell-threatening processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Król
- Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Trybus
- Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Ewa Trybus
- Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Anna Kopacz-Bednarska
- Department of Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marek Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland; Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Brytan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Paluch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Antkowiak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Król
- Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Szturmowa 1/3, 02-678, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ciechanowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
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Shaffo FC, Grodzki AC, Fryer AD, Lein PJ. Mechanisms of organophosphorus pesticide toxicity in the context of airway hyperreactivity and asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L485-L501. [PMID: 29952220 PMCID: PMC6230874 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00211.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiologic studies have identified an association between occupational exposures to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and asthma or asthmatic symptoms in adults. Emerging epidemiologic data suggest that environmentally relevant levels of OPs may also be linked to respiratory dysfunction in the general population and that in utero and/or early life exposures to environmental OPs may increase risk for childhood asthma. In support of a causal link between OPs and asthma, experimental evidence demonstrates that occupationally and environmentally relevant OP exposures induce bronchospasm and airway hyperreactivity in preclinical models. Mechanistic studies have identified blockade of autoinhibitory M2 muscarinic receptors on parasympathetic nerves that innervate airway smooth muscle as one mechanism by which OPs induce airway hyperreactivity, but significant questions remain regarding the mechanism(s) by which OPs cause neuronal M2 receptor dysfunction and, more generally, how OPs cause persistent asthma, especially after developmental exposures. The goals of this review are to 1) summarize current understanding of OPs in asthma; 2) discuss mechanisms of OP neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity that warrant consideration in the context of OP-induced airway hyperreactivity and asthma, specifically, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neural plasticity, and neurogenic inflammation; and 3) identify critical data gaps that need to be addressed in order to better protect adults and children against the harmful respiratory effects of low-level OP exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Shaffo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Ana Cristina Grodzki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
| | - Allison D Fryer
- Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California , Davis, California
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Mitra A, Sarkar M, Chatterjee C. Modulation of Immune Response by Organophosphate Pesticides: Mammals as Potential Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12595-017-0256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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HU TT, LU CM, LI H, ZHANG ZX, ZHAO YH, LI J. Determination of Eleven Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Textiles by Using HPLC-HRMS. ANAL SCI 2017; 33:1027-1032. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting HU
- School of Public Health, Jilin University
- Department of Technical Center, Jilin Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
| | - Chun-Mei LU
- Department of Technical Center, Jilin Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
| | - Han LI
- School of Public Health, Jilin University
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | | | - Yun-Hui ZHAO
- Department of Technical Center, Jilin Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
| | - Juan LI
- School of Public Health, Jilin University
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Mamane A, Raherison C, Tessier JF, Baldi I, Bouvier G. Environmental exposure to pesticides and respiratory health. Eur Respir Rev 2016; 24:462-73. [PMID: 26324808 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.00006114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory effects of environmental exposure to pesticides are debated. Here we aimed to review epidemiological studies published up until 2013, using the PubMed database. 20 studies dealing with respiratory health and non-occupational pesticide exposure were identified, 14 carried out on children and six on adults. In four out of nine studies in children with biological measurements, mothers' dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) blood levels during pregnancy were associated with asthma and wheezing in young children. An association was also found between permethrin in indoor air during pregnancy and wheezing in children. A significant association between asthma and DDE measured in children's blood (aged 7-10 years) was observed in one study. However, in three studies, no association was found between asthma or respiratory infections in children and pesticide levels in breast milk and/or infant blood. Lastly, in three out of four studies where post-natal pesticide exposure of children was assessed by parental questionnaire an association with respiratory symptoms was found. Results of the fewer studies on pesticide environmental exposure and respiratory health of adults were much less conclusive: indeed, the associations observed were weak and often not significant. In conclusion, further studies are needed to confirm whether there is a respiratory risk associated with environmental exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mamane
- ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chantal Raherison
- ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France Service des Maladies Respiratoire, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Isabelle Baldi
- ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France Service de Médecine du Travail, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ghislaine Bouvier
- ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France
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Shi L, Zou L, Gao J, Xu H, Shi X, Chen H. Imidacloprid inhibits IgE-mediated RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Asia Pac Allergy 2016; 6:236-244. [PMID: 27803884 PMCID: PMC5088260 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2016.6.4.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Imidacloprid has been commonly used as a pesticide for crop protection and acts as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists. Little information about the relationship between imidacloprid and allergy is available. Objective This study aims to examine the effects of imidacoprid on IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Methods The rat basophilic leukemia cell line RBL-2H3 (RBL-2H3 cells) were treated with 10-3 – 10-12 mol/L imidacloprid, followed by measuring the mediator production, influx of Ca2+ in IgE-activated RBL-2H3 cells, and the possible effects of imidacoprid on anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). Results It was shown that imidacoprid suppressed the production of histamine, β-hexosaminidase, leukotriene C4, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and Ca2+ mobilization in IgE-activated RBL-2H3 cells and decreased vascular extravasation in IgE-induced PCA. Conclusion It is the first time to show that imidacloprid suppressed the activation of RBL-2H3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Li Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- School of Food Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huaing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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12
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Fukuyama T, Nishino R, Kosaka T, Watanabe Y, Kurosawa Y, Ueda H, Harada T. Effects of prior oral exposure to combinations of environmental immunosuppressive agents on ovalbumin allergen-induced allergic airway inflammation in Balb/c mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:261-70. [PMID: 24935097 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.926915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Humans are exposed daily to multiple environmental chemicals in the atmosphere, in food, and in commercial products. Therefore, hazard identification and risk management must account for exposure to chemical mixtures. The objective of the study reported here was to investigate the effects of combinations of three well-known environmental immunotoxic chemicals - methoxychlor (MXC), an organochlorine compound; parathion (PARA), an organophosphate compound; and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an agricultural insecticide synergist - by using a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation. Four-week-old Balb/c mice were exposed orally to either one or two of the environmental immunotoxic chemicals for five consecutive days, prior to intraperitoneal sensitization with OVA and an inhalation challenge. We assessed IgE levels in serum, B-cell counts, and cytokine production in hilar lymph nodes, and differential cell counts and levels of related chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Mice treated with MXC + PARA or PBO + MXC showed marked increases in serum IgE, IgE-positive B-cells and cytokines in lymph nodes, and differential cell counts and related chemokines in BALF compared with mice that received the vehicle control or the corresponding individual test substances. These results suggest that simultaneous exposure to multiple environmental chemicals aggravates allergic airway inflammation more than exposure to individual chemicals. It is expected that the results of this study will help others in their evaluation of immunotoxic combinational effects when conducting assessments of the safety of environmental/occupational chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Fukuyama
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology , Ibaraki , Japan
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Centner T, Eberhart N. Requiring pollutant discharge permits for pesticide applications that deposit residues in surface waters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:4978-90. [PMID: 24814945 PMCID: PMC4053923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110504978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural producers and public health authorities apply pesticides to control pests that damage crops and carry diseases. Due to the toxic nature of most pesticides, they are regulated by governments. Regulatory provisions require pesticides to be registered and restrictions operate to safeguard human health and the environment. Yet pesticides used near surface waters pose dangers to non-target species and drinking water supplies leading some governments to regulate discharges of pesticides under pollution discharge permits. The dual registration and discharge permitting provisions are burdensome. In the United States, agricultural interest groups are advancing new legislation that would exempt pesticide residues from water permitting requirements. An analysis of the dangers posed by pesticide residues in drinking water leads to a conclusion that both pesticide registration and pollutant discharge permitting provisions are needed to protect human health and aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Centner
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Nicholas Eberhart
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Nishino R, Fukuyama T, Tajima Y, Miyashita L, Watanabe Y, Ueda H, Kosaka T. Prior oral exposure to environmental immunosuppressive chemicals methoxychlor, parathion, or piperonyl butoxide aggravates allergic airway inflammation in NC/Nga mice. Toxicology 2013; 309:1-8. [PMID: 23583882 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive environmental chemicals may increase the potency of allergens and thereby play a role in the development of respiratory tract allergies, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between environmental immunosuppressive chemicals and the allergic airway inflammation development. METHODS We used a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation. NC/Nga mice were exposed orally to pesticides parathion (an organophosphate compound) or methoxychlor (an organochlorine compound), or to an insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide, prior to OVA intraperitoneal sensitization and inhalation challenge. We assessed serum IgE levels, B-cell counts, cytokine production, IgE production in hilar lymph nodes, eosinophil counts, chemokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and cytokine gene expression in the lung. RESULTS Exposure to environmental immunosuppressive chemicals markedly increased serum IgE - IgE-positive B-cells, IgE and cytokines in lymph nodes - eosinophils and chemokines in BALF - IL-10a and IL-17 in the lung. CONCLUSIONS Allergic airway inflammation can be aggravated by prior exposure to immunosuppressive environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nishino
- Laboratory of Immunotoxicology and Acute Toxicology, Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Uchimoriya-machi 4321, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
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Corsini E, Sokooti M, Galli CL, Moretto A, Colosio C. Pesticide induced immunotoxicity in humans: a comprehensive review of the existing evidence. Toxicology 2012; 307:123-35. [PMID: 23116691 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The immune system can be the target of many chemicals, with potentially severe adverse effects on the host's health. In Western countries pesticides, together with new and modified patterns of exposure to chemicals, have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of diseases associated with alterations of the immune response, such as hypersensitivity reactions, certain autoimmune diseases and cancers. Xenobiotics may initiate, facilitate or exacerbate pathological immune processes, resulting in immunotoxicity by induction of mutations in genes coding for immunoregulatory factors, modifying immune tolerance and activation pathways. The purpose of this article is to update the evidence of pesticide immunotoxicity. Even if experimental data as well as sporadic human studies indicate that some pesticides can affect the immune system, overall, existing epidemiological studies are inadequate to raise conclusions on the immunotoxic risk associated to pesticide exposure. The available studies on the effects of pesticides on human immune system have several limitations including poor indication on exposure levels, multiple chemical exposures, heterogeneity of the approach, and difficulty in giving a prognostic significance to the slight changes often observed. Further studies are necessary, and they should be preferably carried out through comparison of pre and post-exposure findings in the same group of subjects with a matched control group. Attempt should be made to define the prognostic significance of slight changes often observed. Animal and in vitro studies are also important and necessary to scientifically support epidemiological evidences on pesticide-induced immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Fukuyama T, Kosaka T, Miyashita L, Nishino R, Wada K, Hayashi K, Ueda H, Harada T. Role of regulatory T cells in the induction of atopic dermatitis by immunosuppressive chemicals. Toxicol Lett 2012; 213:392-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Fukuyama T, Tajima Y, Hayashi K, Ueda H, Kosaka T. Prior or coinstantaneous oral exposure to environmental immunosuppressive agents aggravates mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis-like immunoreaction in NC/Nga mice. Toxicology 2011; 289:132-40. [PMID: 21864637 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive environmental chemicals may increase the potency of allergens and thereby play a role in the development of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVES This study's primary objective was to examine the mechanisms behind the development of allergic diseases and immunosuppression induced by some environmental chemicals. We focused on the aggravation of AD by the organophosphorus pesticide O,O-diethyl-O-4-nitro-phenylthiophosphate (parathion) and the organochlorine pesticide 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane (methoxychlor), in NC/Nga mice sensitized with extract of Dermatophagoides farinae (Df). METHODS NC/Nga mice were exposed orally to parathion or methoxychlor prior or coinstantaneous with sensitization with Df. The mice were subsequently challenged with Df. One day after the last challenge with Df, we analyzed dermatitis severity and expression of genes in the ear auricle, immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG(2a) levels in serum, and in auricular lymph nodes, T- or B-cell numbers and cytokine production. RESULTS Prior exposure to parathion or methoxychlor induced marked increases in the following: dermatitis severity and gene expression in the ear auricle, IgE and IgG(2a) levels in serum, expression of surface antigens on helper T-cell and IgE-positive B-cell, production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines, and production of IgE in auricular lymph-node cells. In contrast, coinstantaneous exposure to parathion or methoxychlor yielded, at most, small but significant decreases in all parameters. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that atopic dermatitis can be aggravated by prior exposure to immunosuppressive environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fukuyama
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Several clinical and epidemiological studies have reported an association between exposure to pesticides, bronchial hyper-reactivity and asthma symptoms. This article reviews the mechanistic evidence lending support to the concept that either acute or chronic low-level inhalation of pesticides may trigger asthma attacks, exacerbate asthma or increase the risk of developing asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Pesticide aerosols or gases, like other respiratory irritants, can lead to asthma through interaction with functional irritant receptors in the airway and promoting neurogenic inflammation. Cross-talk between airway nerves and inflammatory cells helps to maintain chronic inflammation that eventually damages the bronchial epithelium. Certain organophosphorus insecticides cause airway hyper-reactivity via a common mechanism of disrupting negative feedback control of cholinergic regulation in the lungs. These pesticides may interact synergistically with allergen sensitization rendering individuals more susceptible for developing asthma. SUMMARY Many pesticides are sensitizers or irritants capable of directly damaging the bronchial mucosa, thus making the airway very sensitive to allergens or other stimuli. However, most pesticides are weakly immunogenic so that their potential to sensitize airways in exposed populations is limited. Pesticides may increase the risk of developing asthma, exacerbate a previous asthmatic condition or even trigger asthma attacks by increasing bronchial hyper-responsiveness.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 11:150-6. [PMID: 21368622 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e3283457ab0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fukuyama T, Tajima Y, Ueda H, Hayashi K, Kosaka T. Prior exposure to immunosuppressive organophosphorus or organochlorine compounds aggravates the TH1- and TH2-type allergy caused by topical sensitization to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and trimellitic anhydride. J Immunotoxicol 2011; 8:170-82. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2011.566231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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The role of epigenetic dysregulation in the epidemic of allergic disease. Clin Epigenetics 2011; 2:223-232. [PMID: 21949548 PMCID: PMC3156327 DOI: 10.1007/s13148-011-0028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of allergic disease in early life is one of the clearest indicators that the developing immune system is vulnerable to modern environmental changes. A range of environmental exposures epidemiologically associated with allergic disease have been shown to have effects on the foetal immune function in pregnancy, including microbial burden, dietary changes and environmental pollutants. Preliminary studies now suggest that these early effects on immune development may be mediated epigenetically through a variety of processes that collectively modify gene expression and allergic susceptibility and that these effects are potentially heritable across generations. It is also possible that rising rates of maternal allergy, a recognised direct risk factor for infant allergic disease, may be further amplifying the effects of environmental changes. Whilst effective prevention strategies are the ultimate goal in reversing the allergy epidemic, the specific environmental drivers, target genes, and intracellular pathways and mechanisms of early life immune programming are still unclear. It is hoped that identifying genes that are differentially regulated in association with subsequent allergic disease will assist in identifying causal pathways and upstream contributing environmental factors. In this way, epigenetic paradigms are likely to provide valuable insights into how the early environment can be modified to more favourably drive immune development and reverse the allergic epidemic.
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