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Cellat M, İşler CT, Uyar A, Kuzu M, Aydın T, Etyemez M, Türk E, Yavas I, Güvenç M. Protective effect of
Smilax excelsa
L. pretreatment via antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory effects, and activation of Nrf‐2/
HO
‐1 pathway in testicular torsion model. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14161. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Cafer Tayer İşler
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences Karabuk University Karabuk Türkiye
| | - Tuba Aydın
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Agri İbrahim Cecen University Agri Türkiye
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Erdinç Türk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Ilker Yavas
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
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Mohamed MZ, Morsy MA, Mohamed HH, Hafez HM. Paeonol protects against testicular ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13599. [PMID: 32314822 DOI: 10.1111/and.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) is the most common form of testicular injury that results in oxidative damage and inflammation ending by subinfertility. Paeonol, a natural phenolic compound, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, the present study investigated the role of paeonol in rat testicular IR injury. Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups; sham, sham treated with paeonol, IR injury, and IR pre-treated with paeonol at low and high doses. Serum testosterone and testicular levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) besides superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined. Gene quantifications for tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were also assessed. Histopathological pictures and the immunohistochemical expression of testicular nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were shown. Pre-treatment with paeonol prevented the drop in serum testosterone, alongside with improvement of testicular malondialdehyde and GSH levels plus SOD activity. Paeonol regained the normal spermatogenesis with prevention of IR-induced increase in TNF-α, HIF-1α and HSP70 gene expression besides IL-1β and IL-6 immunostaining and reduction in Nrf2 protein expression. Paeonol exerted a dose-dependent beneficial effect on testicular IR injury. This effect was achieved by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa H Mohamed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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3
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Ozekinci M, Kucuksayan E, Erdogan G, Aslan M, Pestereli E, Canpolat M, Sircan-Kucuksayan A. Histopathological and biochemical assessment of a novel diagnostic method for ovarian torsion. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:203-209. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1663558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ozekinci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - E. Kucuksayan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - G. Erdogan
- Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M. Aslan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - E. Pestereli
- Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M. Canpolat
- Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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4
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Ge L, Wei LH, Du CQ, Song GH, Xue YZ, Shi HS, Yang M, Yin XX, Li RT, Wang XE, Wang Z, Song WG. Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates spinal cord hemisection-induced testicular injury in rats. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42314-42331. [PMID: 28404953 PMCID: PMC5522069 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To study how hydrogen-rich saline (HS) promotes the recovery of testicular biological function in a hemi-sectioned spinal cord injury (hSCI) rat model, a right hemisection was performed at the T11–T12 of the spinal cord in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups: normal group; vehicle group: sham-operated rats administered saline; hSCI group: subjected to hSCI and administered saline; HRST group: subjected to hSCI and administered HS. Hind limb neurological function, testis index, testicular morphology, mean seminiferous tubular diameter (MSTD) and seminiferous epithelial thickness (MSET), the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), mitofusin-2 (MFN-2), and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1), cell ultrastructure, and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells were studied. The results indicated that hSCI significantly decreased the hind limb neurological function, testis index, MSTD, and MSET, and induced severe testicular morphological injury. The MFN-2 level was decreased, and HO-1 and HMGB-1 were overexpressed in testicular tissues. In addition, hSCI accelerated the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and the ultrastructural damage of cells in the hypophysis and testis. After HS administration, all these parameters were considerably improved, and the characteristics of hSCI testes were similar to those of normal control testes. Taken together, HS administration can promote the recovery of testicular biological function by anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic action. More importantly, HS can inhibit the hSCI-induced ultrastructural changes in gonadotrophs, ameliorate the abnormal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis, and thereby promote the recovery of testicular injury. HS administration also inhibited the hSCI-induced ultrastructural changes in testicular spermatogenic cells, Sertoli cells and interstitial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Chang-Qing Du
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Guo-Hua Song
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Xue
- Department of Basic Nursing Teaching, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Hao-Shen Shi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Xin-Xin Yin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Run-Ting Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
| | - Xue-Er Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wen-Gang Song
- Department of Medical Immunology, Taishan Medical University, Tai-an City, PR China
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5
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Arena S, Iacona R, Antonuccio P, Russo T, Salvo V, Gitto E, Impellizzeri P, Romeo C. Medical perspective in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2115-2122. [PMID: 28565817 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion or torsion of the spermatic cord is one of the most serious urological conditions. It causes testicular injury, which potentially leads to male subfertility. The turning of the spermatic cord and spermatic structures around themselves results in biochemical and histological changes; however, following testicular detorsion, tissues undergo reperfusion that causes more severe damage than that induced by ischemia. Since the primary causes of testicular damage are reactive oxygen species production, an increase in intra-mitochondrial calcium concentration and an increased rate of cellular apoptosis, different medications may potentially be effective. It seems that several medications, experimentally and sometimes clinically, serve an adjuvant role in the cellular damage that occurs following ischemia-reperfusion. Antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, phytotherapeutical medicinals, anaesthetics, hormones and platelet inhibitors may potentially create a solid basis for an adjuvant restoring therapy and ameliorate testicular function following torsion. The current study aimed to review the relevant literature and discuss the actions of a number of molecules that may protect the testes during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Arena
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacona
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Russo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salvo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Eloisa Gitto
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Impellizzeri
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Romeo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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Sigala F, Efentakis P, Karageorgiadi D, Filis K, Zampas P, Iliodromitis EK, Zografos G, Papapetropoulos A, Andreadou I. Reciprocal regulation of eNOS, H 2S and CO-synthesizing enzymes in human atheroma: Correlation with plaque stability and effects of simvastatin. Redox Biol 2017; 12:70-81. [PMID: 28214453 PMCID: PMC5312553 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying plaque destabilization remain obscure. We sought to elucidate the correlation between NO, H2S and CO-generating enzymes, nitro-oxidative stress and plaque stability in carotid arteries. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques were collected from 62 patients who had undergone endarterectomy due to internal artery stenosis. Following histological evaluation the plaques were divided into stable and unstable ones. To investigate the impact of simvastatin we divided patients with stable plaques, into those receiving and to those not receiving simvastatin. Expression and/or levels of p-eNOS/eNOS, pAkt/t-Akt, iNOS, cystathionine beta synthase (CBS), cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), soluble guanyl cyclase sGCα1, sGCβ1, NOX-4 and HIF-1α were evaluated. Oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine (NT) were measured. NT levels were decreased in stable plaques with a concomitant increase of eNOS phosphorylation and expression and Akt activation compared to unstable lesions. An increase in HIF-1α, NOX-4, HO-1, iNOS, CBS and CSE expression was observed only in unstable plaques. 78% of patients under simvastatin were diagnosed with stable plaques whereas 23% of those not receiving simvastatin exhibited unstable plaques. Simvastatin decreased iNOS, HO-1, HIF-1α and CSE whilst it increased eNOS phosphorylation. In conclusion, enhanced eNOS and reduced iNOS and NOX-4 were observed in stable plaques; CBS and CSE positively correlated with plaque vulnerability. Simvastatin, besides its known effect on eNOS upregulation, reduced the HIF-1α and its downstream targets. The observed changes might be useful in developing biomarkers of plaque stability or could be targets for pharmacothepary against plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fragiska Sigala
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, First Department of Surgery, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Efentakis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Karageorgiadi
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, First Department of Surgery, Athens, Greece; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstadinos Filis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, First Department of Surgery, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevas Zampas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios K Iliodromitis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Second University Dept. of Cardiology, Athens, Greece
| | - George Zografos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, First Department of Surgery, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece.
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7
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Ma C, Liu X, Cheng S, Li Q, Zhang R. A novel 4-fluorobenzenetelluronic trimethyltin ester: synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00288a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel 4-fluorobenzenetelluronic trimethyltin ester (Me3Sn)4[p-F-PhTe(μ-O)(OH)O2]2 (1) has been prepared and structurally characterized, and apoptotic cytotoxicity assessments for A549 cells are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P. R. China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P. R. China
| | - Rufen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P. R. China
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8
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Shui S, Wang X, Chiang JY, Zheng L. Far-infrared therapy for cardiovascular, autoimmune, and other chronic health problems: A systematic review. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1257-65. [PMID: 25716016 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215573391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical therapy (physiotherapy), a complementary and alternative medicine therapy, has been widely applied in diagnosing and treating various diseases and defects. Increasing evidence suggests that convenient and non-invasive far-infrared (FIR) rays, a vital type of physiotherapy, improve the health of patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by which FIR functions remain elusive. Hence, the purpose of this study was to review and summarize the results of previous investigations and to elaborate on the molecular mechanisms of FIR therapy in various types of disease. In conclusion, FIR therapy may be closely related to the increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase as well as nitric oxide production and may modulate the profiles of some circulating miRNAs; thus, it may be a beneficial complement to treatments for some chronic diseases that yields no adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Shui
- School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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9
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Liu MW, Su MX, Zhang W, Wang L, Qian CY. Atorvastatin increases lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of tumour necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2 in RAW264.7 cells. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:219-228. [PMID: 24944625 PMCID: PMC4061217 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RAW264.7 cells are one of the major sources of productive inflammatory biomediators, including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. TNF-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is an essential negative regulator of Toll-like and T-cell receptors, and the selective expression in the immune system prevents hyper-responsiveness and maintains immune homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether atorvastatin upregulates the expression of TIPE2 and further regulates the inflammatory response and oxidation emergency response in RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were incubated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence or absence of atorvastatin. Following incubation, the medium was collected and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cells were harvested, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of TIPE2, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), IκB and nuclear factor (NF-κB)-κB were analysed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis, respectively, the expression of NOS, COX-2 and HO-1 protein were essayed by western blotting analysis, NO and ROS activities were determined. The results revealed that LPS increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of TIPE2, MIF and NF-κB, as well as the production of IL-6 and TNF-α, in a dose and time dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, LPS enhanced the expression of NOS and COX-2 protein, blocked HO-1 protein expression, increased NO and PGE2 production and ROS activity in a dose dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. Atorvastatin significantly increased LPS induced expression of TIPE2, downregulated the expression of NOS, COX-2, MIF and NF-κB and the production of PGE2, NO, IL-6 and TNF-α in a time and dose dependent manner, and increased HO-1 protein expression, reduced ROS production in a dose dependent manner. The observations indicated that atorvastatin upregulated LPS induced expression of TIPE2 and consequently inhibited MIF, NF-κB, NOS and COX-2 expression and the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6, increased HO-1 expression, and inhibited ROS activity in cultured RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Xian Su
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Yun Qian
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Ryu MJ, Kang KA, Piao MJ, Kim KC, Zheng J, Yao CW, Cha JW, Hyun CL, Chung HS, Park JC, Cho SJ, Hyun JW. Effect of 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone on the up-regulation of Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 expression in hamster lung fibroblasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 50:549-54. [PMID: 24610348 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective mechanism of 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) against oxidative stress-induced cell damage with respect to its stimulatory effect on the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent antioxidant enzyme, was investigated in the present study. Up-regulation of HO-1 expression by DHF was both dose and time dependent in lung fibroblast V79-4 cells. DHF also increased the protein expression level of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and induced the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol into the nucleus, leading to elevated HO-1 expression. The siNrf2 RNA-transfection attenuated HO-1 expression induced by DHF treatment. In addition, DHF induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), while U0126 (a specific pharmacological inhibitor of ERK kinase) abrogated DHF-activated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. This suggests that DHF increased the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 via ERK-dependent pathways. Furthermore, DHF significantly prevented the reduction of cell viability in response to oxidative stress; however, U0126 attenuated the protective effect of DHF. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DHF protected cells from oxidative stress via the activation of an ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ju Ryu
- Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 132-714, Republic of Korea
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Davis BB, Zeki AA, Bratt JM, Wang L, Filosto S, Walby WF, Kenyon NJ, Goldkorn T, Schelegle ES, Pinkerton KE. Simvastatin inhibits smoke-induced airway epithelial injury: implications for COPD therapy. Eur Respir J 2013; 42:350-61. [PMID: 23180589 PMCID: PMC6082623 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00042512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death. The statin drugs may have therapeutic potential in respiratory diseases such as COPD, but whether they prevent bronchial epithelial injury is unknown. We hypothesised that simvastatin attenuates acute tobacco smoke-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation and airway epithelial injury. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were given simvastatin (20 mg·kg(-1) i.p.) daily for either 7 days prior to tobacco smoke exposure and during 3 days of smoke exposure, or only during tobacco smoke exposure. Pretreatment with simvastatin prior to and continued throughout smoke exposure reduced the total influx of leukocytes, neutrophils and macrophages into the lung and airways. Simvastatin attenuated tobacco smoke-induced cellular infiltration into lung parenchymal and airway subepithelial and interstitial spaces. 1 week of simvastatin pretreatment almost completely prevented smoke-induced denudation of the airway epithelial layer, while simvastatin given only concurrently with the smoke exposure had no effect. Simvastatin may be a novel adjunctive therapy for smoke-induced lung diseases, such as COPD. Given the need for statin pretreatment there may be a critical process of conditioning that is necessary for statins' anti-inflammatory effects. Future work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of this statin protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Davis
- 1Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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12
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Zhang Y, Lv Y, Liu YJ, Yang C, Hu HJ, Meng XE, Li MX, Pan SY. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in rats attenuates ischemia-reperfusion testicular injury through blockade of oxidative stress, suppression of inflammation, and reduction of nitric oxide formation. Urology 2013; 82:489.e9-489.e15. [PMID: 23769121 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic utility of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, we tested whether HBO therapy provided rescue of the testes after torsion in rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, control plus HBO therapy, I/R group, and I/R plus HBO therapy. The I/R model was induced by torsion of the right testis. RESULTS I/R in the testis resulted in disrupted seminiferous tubules, germ cell-specific apoptosis, followed by a marked reduction in testis weight and daily sperm production. HBO therapy preserved seminiferous tubules, suppressed apoptosis, and prevented testicular atrophy in I/R testes. HBO therapy abated oxidative stress in I/R testes, marked by reduced malondialdehyde formation, enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and decreased activities of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and xanthine oxidase. HBO therapy resulted in a reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in I/R testes, a marker of neutrophil recruitment. HBO therapy suppressed inflammation in I/R testes, marked by reduced messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and CD44. Furthermore, HBO therapy suppressed the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), p38, and c-JUN-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways in I/R testes. In addition, HBO therapy reduced nitric oxide formation in I/R testes through suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase. CONCLUSION HBO therapy in rats attenuated I/R-induced testicular injury, possibly through abating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, and reducing nitric oxide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Fouad AA, Albuali WH, Jresat I. Simvastatin treatment ameliorates injury of rat testes induced by cadmium toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 153:269-78. [PMID: 23625729 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium-induced testicular toxicity is mediated through oxidative stress and inflammation which eventually lead to cell death. Simvastatin, the antihyperlipidemic agent, exhibits additional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of the present work was to investigate the protective effect of simvastatin against cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in rats. The rats received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg). Simvastatin treatment (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was applied for three consecutive days, starting 1 day before cadmium administration. Cadmium significantly decreased serum testosterone, and testicular reduced glutathione and catalase activity, and significantly increased testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and cadmium ion levels. Simvastatin significantly ameliorated the biochemical changes induced by cadmium. Cadmium-induced testicular tissue injury observed by histopathological examination was attenuated by simvastatin. In addition, simvastatin significantly decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-κB, and caspase-3, and increased heme oxygenase-1 expression in testicular tissue of rats exposed to cadmium toxicity. It was concluded that simvastatin, through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, provided a significant protective effect against cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in rats. However, starting treatment with simvastatin before cadmium exposure, as done in the present work, is not clinically applicable. Therefore, other investigations are needed to assess the protective effect of simvastatin treatment following induction of cadmium testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982 Saudi Arabia.
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Zacharski LR, DePalma RG, Shamayeva G, Chow BK. The statin-iron nexus: anti-inflammatory intervention for arterial disease prevention. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:e105-12. [PMID: 23409890 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2012.301163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We postulated the existence of a statin-iron nexus by which statins improve cardiovascular disease outcomes at least partially by countering proinflammatory effects of excess iron stores. METHODS Using data from a clinical trial of iron (ferritin) reduction in advanced peripheral arterial disease, the Iron and Atherosclerosis Study, we compared effects of ferritin levels versus high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios (both were randomization variables) on clinical outcomes in participants receiving and not receiving statins. RESULTS Statins increased high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios and reduced ferritin levels by noninteracting mechanisms. Improved clinical outcomes were associated with lower ferritin levels but not with improved lipid status. CONCLUSIONS There are commonalities between the clinical benefits of statins and the maintenance of physiologic iron levels. Iron reduction may be a safe and low-cost alternative to statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Zacharski
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Hospital, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA.
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Tu YP, Chen SC, Liu YH, Chen CF, Hour TC. Postconditioning with far-infrared irradiation increases heme oxygenase-1 expression and protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat testis. Life Sci 2012; 92:35-41. [PMID: 23142244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Studies have shown that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has a protective role in the mechanism underlying hypoxic preconditioning. We used a far-infrared radiation (FIR) heater to investigate the postconditioning protective role of HO-1 against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat testis. MAIN METHODS Forty rats were used. Testis ischemia was mimicked by total obstructive clamping of testis vessels for 1, 2, or 4 h, and concomitant postconditioning with 30 min FIR or heat light during initially 30 min reperfusion. HO-1 expression and apoptosis of testis tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. HO-1 protein level and caspase-3 activity were analyzed by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS There was less apoptotic activity in rat testis after FIR, as determined by TUNEL assay. Higher HO-1 protein expression was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting (p<0.01) in testis cells after FIR postconditioning. In contrast, caspase-3 activity was significantly higher in heat light groups, as compared with FIR groups (p<0.01). SIGNIFICANCE FIR postconditioning attenuated I/R injury in rat testis by inducing HO-1 expression, which might have a protective role in testis apoptosis after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Po Tu
- Department of Urology, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Department of Health, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
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Li M, Liu Y, Shi H, Zhang Y, Wang G, Xu J, Lu J, Zhang D, Xie X, Han D, Wu Y, Li S. Statins inhibit pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation by upregulation of HO-1 and p21WAF1. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385:961-8. [PMID: 22820842 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Simvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor, which has been shown to ameliorate the development of pulmonary hypertension in animal model by suppression of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we show that simvastatin dose-dependently inhibited serotonin-stimulated PASMCs proliferation. This was accompanied with the parallel induction of heme oxyganase-1 (HO-1) and upregulation of p21(WAF1). More importantly, we found that Tin-protoporphyrin (SnPP), a selective inhibitor of HO-1, could block the effect of simvastatin on inhibition of cell proliferation in response to serotonin and abolish simvastatin-induced p21(WAF1) expression. The inhibitive effect of simvastatin on cell proliferation was also significantly suppressed by silencing p21(WAF1) with siRNA transfection. The extent of effect of SnPP on inhibition of cell proliferation was similar to that of lack of p21(WAF1) by siRNA transfection. Taken together, our study suggests that simvastatin inhibits PASMCs proliferation by sequential upregulation of HO-1 and p21(WAF1) to benefit pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxiang Li
- Respiratory Diseases Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
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